KIRAN P

B180894EE
S7 EEE
A Batch

EXPERIMENT NO. 7

LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS

AIM

To conduct load flow analysis for a given power system.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

MATLAB/Simulink is used here as PSCAD software was not working.

THEORY

Simplified ac systems can be represented by AC voltage sources of the same

frequency connected through a reactance X in series as shown in Figure 1.

Vr is assumed to be the reference voltage with its phase angle to be zero and Vs
is the source voltage with a phase shift of ‘angle δ’. The load flow in any ac
system is governed by the following general equation
𝑉𝑠 𝑉𝑟
𝑃𝑅 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝛿 (1)
𝑋

𝑉𝑠 𝑉𝑟 𝑉𝑟
𝑄𝑅 = − (2)
𝑋 𝑋

Equation (1) suggests that the real power flow is dependent on the difference
between the phase angles of the source and reference voltage and not on their
magnitude. On the other hand, reactive power at the receiving end is related to
the difference (𝑉𝑠- 𝑉𝑟) between the voltage magnitudes.
SIMULATION AND RESULTS

Transmission line subsystem

RESULTS
Summary for experiment7: The load flow converged in 45
iterations!

P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Total generation
Total PQ load
Total Z shunt
Total ASM 0 0
Total losses

1 : BUS_1 V= NaN pu/230000kV

NaN deg
P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Generation
PQ Load 40 30
Z shunt
BUS_2
BUS_3

2 : BUS_2 V= 1.000 pu/230000kV 0.00 deg ; Swing bus

P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Generation
PQ Load 0 0
Z shunt -0.00064 -1.8E+12
BUS_1
BUS_3
BUS_6

3 : BUS_3 V= NaN pu/230000kV

NaN deg
P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Generation 0 0
PQ Load
Z shunt
BUS_1
BUS_2
BUS_4

4 : BUS_4 V= NaN pu/230000kV

NaN deg
P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Generation 0 0
PQ Load
 Z shunt
BUS_3
BUS_5
BUS_7

5 : BUS_5 V= NaN pu/230000kV

NaN deg
P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Generation
PQ Load 0 0
Z shunt
BUS_4
BUS_6
BUS_8