SHORT

CIRCUIT
ANALYSIS IN
ETAP
LEARNINIG OUTCOMES
• What is short circuit analyses.
• Types of faults in Power system.
• Causes of short circuit.
• How to run Short circuit Analysis in ETAP
WHAT IS SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS?
A Short Circuit analysis is used to determine the magnitude of short
circuit current, which flows during fault conditions and thus we
become able to select switch gear equipment as circuit breakers,
fuses, isolators for our electrical network.

A Short Circuit analysis is also used to adjust relay settings which can
distinguish between full load current and fault current.
TYPES OF FAULTS IN POWER SYSTEM
Asymmetrical Faults:
Types of faults
1. L-G or Line to ground fault.
2. L-L or Line to line fault.
3. L-L-G or Line to line to
ground.
4. LLL or 3 phase fault.
Symmetrical Fault:
1. LLL-G or three phase to
ground.
Causes of Faults
Insulation failure of cables or equipment.
Insulation failure causes two phases to connected together, so we’ll have fault.

Temporary fault which also called phase to phase, it occurs

when two phases get connected to each other.

Cutting of transmission or distribution lines.

Flashover by lightening strikes to transmission lines.
 Types Cycles Values
Sub-Transient Initial Few cycles (0.5-1.5) Highest
Transient 1.5-4 Intermediate
Steady-State Beyond 4 Lowest