Name: Meagan Mellor Group: 47 Date: October 20th 2020

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE!

PART 4 Social change and culture in the second half of the 19th century
►Textbook, pp. 66–83

1 1. What social class emerged with industrialization?

The working class emerged

2 2. Why were employers interested in hiring women and children?

Because employers were able to pay women and children much less than men.

3 3. How did industrialization lead to urbanization?

Hoping to find work in the city, many farmers left the over crowded seigneuries (creating rural
exodus). This enabled the population of cities to grow and continue to grow, leading to
urbanization.

4 4. Why was the air polluted in working-class neighbourhoods?

Because home’s in working-class neighborhoods were located close to the factories. So, the
smoke and chemicals leaving the factories (usually through the chimneys) polluted the air,

5 5. Other than Canadian cities, what was the destination of migrants who left the overpopulated
rural areas of the Vallée du Saint-Laurent?

Migrants leaving the rural areas often went to the United States in search of work at a factory.
They did this because the factory jobs in the US paid more than those in Montreal.

6 6. How did the Québec government and the Catholic clergy attempt to slow the emigration
of French Canadians to the United States?

The Quebec government and the Catholic Clergy attempted to slow the emigration of French
Canadians by colonizing more rural regions in the Province (Saguenay, Lac-St-Jean, etc.) this
however, was unsuccessful.

D1-18 Chapter 1 • Secondary IV Reproduction permitted © TC Media Books Inc.

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TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE! (cont.) Worksheet 1.7

7 7. What school of thought encouraged the rise in the Church’s influence after 1840?

Agriculturalism “Return to the land”

8 8. What were the characteristics of French Canadian identity according to the nationalism
of survival?

-The Catholic faith

-French culture and language
-A traditional way of life, rooted in farming and rural life
-A traditional family structure where the father is the head of the family/ authority figure

9 9. What values promoted by the Institut canadien opposed ultramontanism and displeased
the Catholic Church?

The Institut Canadian advocated liberal ideas, they valued tolence and freedom of thought and
participated in discussions and debates.

10 10. Indicate two demands of women and feminists at the end of the 19th century.

They demanded the right to vote and run for elected office. Some women demanded access to
university studies.

Reproduction autorisée © TC Média Livres Inc. • 4e secondaire Chapitre 1 D1-19