1.

Basic Concepts:
i) Define alternating current (AC) and compare it with direct current (DC).
ii) Explain the significance of RMS (root mean square) value in AC circuits.
iii) Differentiate between period, frequency, and angular frequency in the context of AC
circuits.
2. Sinusoidal Waveforms:
i) Describe a sinusoidal waveform and its key parameters (amplitude, frequency,
phase).
ii) Explain the relationship between angular frequency (ω) and frequency (f) in
sinusoidal waveforms.
iii) Derive the mathematical expression for a sinusoidal waveform.
3. Phasors:
i) Define phasors and explain their use in analyzing AC circuits.
ii) Discuss the concept of phasor addition and subtraction.
iii) How are phasors used to represent voltage and current in AC circuits?
4. Impedance and Admittance:
i) Define impedance and discuss its significance in AC circuits.
ii) Explain the relationship between impedance and phasors.
iii) Discuss the concept of admittance and its relation to conductance and
susceptance.
5. Ohm's Law in AC Circuits:
i) Formulate Ohm's Law for AC circuits.
ii) Explain how impedance affects current in an AC circuit.
iii) Discuss the differences between Ohm's Law in AC and DC circuits.
6. Series and Parallel AC Circuits:
i) Analyze series AC circuits and derive the total impedance.
ii) Analyze parallel AC circuits and derive the total admittance.
iii) Discuss the equivalent impedance of series-parallel AC circuits.
7. Power in AC Circuits:
a. Define instantaneous power and apparent power in AC circuits.
b. Discuss the concept of power factor and its significance.
c. Derive the expressions for real power, reactive power, and apparent power.
8. Resonance:
a. Define resonance in AC circuits.
b. Discuss the conditions for resonance in series and parallel RLC circuits.
c. Explain the significance of resonant frequency.
9. Transformers:
a. Describe the basic principle of operation of a transformer.
 b. Discuss the turns ratio and voltage/current relationship in transformers.
c. Explain the concept of ideal and practical transformers.
10. Three-Phase Systems:
a. Define three-phase systems and explain their advantages.
b. Discuss the phasor representation of three-phase voltages and currents.
c. Analyze balanced three-phase systems and calculate line and phase voltages.
1. Basic Concepts:
i) What is alternating current (AC), and how does it differ from direct current (DC)?
ii) Define and explain the significance of the RMS value in AC circuits.
iii) Differentiate between period, frequency, and angular frequency in AC circuits.
iv) How is the frequency of an AC signal related to its period?
v) Explain the role of AC in the transmission of electrical power over long distances.
vi) Discuss the advantages of using AC over DC in certain applications.
vii) How is the power distribution grid primarily based on AC?
2. Sinusoidal Waveforms:
i) Describe the key parameters of a sinusoidal waveform.
ii) Discuss the relationship between angular frequency (ω) and frequency (f) in
sinusoidal waveforms.
iii) Derive the mathematical expression for a sinusoidal waveform.
iv) Explain the significance of amplitude and phase in a sinusoidal waveform.
v) How does the concept of phase apply to AC circuits?
vi) Provide examples of devices or systems that generate sinusoidal waveforms.
vii) Discuss the role of sinusoidal waveforms in communication systems.
3. Phasors:
i) Define phasors and their role in AC circuit analysis.
ii) How are phasors used to represent voltage and current in AC circuits?
iii) Explain the concept of phasor addition and subtraction.
iv) Discuss the graphical representation of phasors.
v) Illustrate how phasors can simplify the analysis of AC circuits.
vi) What is the relationship between the phasor and time-domain representations?
vii) Explain how the phase angle is represented in a phasor diagram.
4. Impedance and Admittance:
i) Define impedance and discuss its role in AC circuits.
ii) How does impedance relate to resistance in DC circuits?
iii) Explain the concept of reactance and its types.
iv) Discuss the relationship between impedance and phasors.
v) Define admittance and explain its components.
vi) Provide examples of elements with capacitive and inductive reactance.
vii) How does the frequency of an AC signal affect impedance?
viii) Discuss the concept of susceptance and its relationship to admittance.
 5. Ohm's Law in AC Circuits:
i) Formulate Ohm's Law for AC circuits.
ii) Compare and contrast Ohm's Law in AC and DC circuits.
iii) Explain how impedance affects current in an AC circuit.
iv) Discuss the conditions under which Ohm's Law is applicable in AC circuits.
v) Illustrate Ohm's Law with phasor diagrams.
vi) Provide examples of resistive, inductive, and capacitive AC circuits.
6. Series and Parallel AC Circuits:
Analyze a series AC circuit and derive the total impedance.
i)Discuss the phase relationships in a series RLC circuit.
ii)Analyze parallel AC circuits and derive the total admittance.
iii)How does the equivalent impedance of series-parallel AC circuits differ from
purely series or parallel circuits?
iv) Discuss the resonance phenomenon in series RLC circuits.
v) Calculate the resonance frequency for a given RLC circuit.
vi) Explain the concept of bandwidth in resonant circuits.
7. Power in AC Circuits:
i) Define instantaneous power and apparent power in AC circuits.
ii) Discuss the concept of power factor and its significance.
iii) Derive the expressions for real power, reactive power, and apparent power.
iv) How does power factor affect the efficiency of electrical systems?
v) Explain the role of power factor correction in AC circuits.
vi) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of reactive power.
vii) Provide examples of devices that require power factor correction.
8. Resonance:
i) Define resonance in AC circuits.
ii) Discuss the conditions for resonance in series RLC circuits.
iii) Explain the conditions under which resonance occurs in parallel RLC circuits.
iv) How does resonance impact the impedance and current in a circuit?
v) Discuss practical applications of resonance in electronic devices.
vi) Explain the concept of Q-factor in resonant circuits.
vii) Compare and contrast series and parallel resonance.

9. Transformers:
i) Describe the basic principle of operation of a transformer.
ii) Discuss the turns ratio and its impact on voltage and current in transformers.
iii) Explain the concept of ideal and practical transformers.
iv) How does a transformer facilitate power transmission and distribution?
v) Discuss the efficiency of transformers and factors affecting it.
vi) Provide examples of transformers used in different applications.
vii) Explain the significance of magnetic coupling in transformers.
10. Three-Phase Systems:
i) Define three-phase systems and their advantages.
ii) Explain the phasor representation of three-phase voltages and currents.
iii) Analyze balanced three-phase systems and calculate line and phase voltages.
iv) Discuss the concept of symmetrical components in three-phase systems.
v) Explain the advantages of using a three-phase power distribution system.
vi) Describe the operation of three-phase induction motors.
vii) Discuss the importance of balancing loads in three-phase systems.