Unit 04

Steps towards Islamic Republic of Pakistan

SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Fundamental human rights adopted by the UN, The last Hajj sermon and
UN’s declaration of human rights: a comparative study
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 01
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  To understand the concept of fundamental human rights as adopted by the UN
and their historical context.
 To compare the teachings of the Last Hajj Sermon with the UN’s Declaration of
Human Rights through critical thinking and discussion.

SUMMARY  Begin by asking students about their familiarity with the concept of human rights
OF TASKS and the United Nations.
 Introduce the two main topics: "Fundamental Human Rights adopted by the UN"
and "The Last Hajj Sermon and UN’s Declaration of Human Rights."
 Provide a brief overview of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted
by the United Nations in 1948.
 Highlight some of the fundamental human rights covered in the declaration, such
as the right to life, liberty, equality, and freedom from discrimination.
 Compare key teachings of the Last Hajj Sermon with the rights outlined in the
UN’s Declaration of Human Rights.
 Summarize the main points discussed during the lesson.
 Highlight the value of comparing historical teachings with contemporary
documents to understand the common principles of human rights.
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 What do you know about UN?
 Compare Hajj sermon and UN’s Human rights declaration
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Assign each group a specific right
from the UN’s Declaration of
Human Rights and ask them to
analyze its connection to Islamic
teachings, especially those
highlighted in the Last Hajj
Sermon.
HOME WORK Ask students to write about the importance of these rights and their impact on
global societies.
 Unit 05
Administrative structure of Pakistan and the concept of Good Governance
SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Administrative structure, Organs of Federal government and their structure
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 02
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  Understand the administrative structure of the government in Pakistan, identify
the key organs of the Federal government, and describe their respective
structures and functions.

SUMMARY  Begin with a discussion on the importance of a well-defined administrative

OF TASKS structure in a country.
 Define key terms: federal government, administrative structure, organs of
government.
 Provide an overview of the structure of the government in Pakistan.
 Present an overview of the key organs of the federal government: Executive,
Legislature, and Judiciary.
 Discuss the roles and functions of each organ.
 Show diagrams illustrating the separation of powers and checks and balances
among these organs.
 Focus on the executive branch: President, Prime Minister, and the Cabinet.
 Discuss the selection process and powers of the President and Prime Minister.
 Describe the structure of the Cabinet and its key ministries.
 Explore the legislative branch: National Assembly and Senate.
 Explain the composition, election process, and functions of both houses.
 Discuss the role of parliamentary committees.
 Cover the judicial branch: Supreme Court and lower courts.
 Explain the structure and hierarchy of the judicial system.
 Summarize the main points discussed during the lesson
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 Explain the administrative structure
 What are organs of Federal government?
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book, Multimedia
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Divide the class into small groups,
each representing one of the three
key organs of the federal
government (Executive,
Legislature, Judiciary). And ask
their functions.
HOME WORK Ask students to write a short essay comparing the functions of the executive,
legislative, and judicial organs.
 Unit 05
Administrative structure of Pakistan and the concept of Good Governance
SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Provisional Governments: their powers and functions, Concept of Good
Governance in Islam
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 03
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  Understand the powers and functions of provisional governments in Pakistan and
be familiar with the concept of good governance in Islam.

SUMMARY  Begin by asking students to recall what they know about provisional
OF TASKS governments and their roles.
 Describe their main powers and functions: maintaining law and order,
administrative continuity, conducting elections, etc.
 Provide examples of key decisions made by provisional governments and their
impact.
 Introduce the concept of good governance and its importance in ensuring justice
and well-being.
 Discuss the qualities of a just ruler and how these principles relate to modern
ideas of good governance.
 Summarize the key points discussed: provisional governments' role and good
governance principles in Islam.
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 Explain the powers of provisional government
 What is good governance?
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Encourage students to reflect on
how these principles could
contribute to effective governance
in modern times.
HOME WORK Assign a short reflective essay where students compare and contrast the functions
of a specific provisional government with the principles of good governance in
Islam.
 Unit 05
Administrative structure of Pakistan and the concept of Good Governance
SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Hazrat Omer’s System of Government: Guiding Principles, Obstacles in the
way of Establishing Good Governance
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 04
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  Understand Hazrat Umar’s System of Government's guiding principles, and they
should be able to identify and discuss the obstacles that can hinder the
establishment of good governance.

SUMMARY  Begin with a brief introduction to Hazrat Umar ibn Al-Khattab and his role as the
OF TASKS second Caliph of Islam.
 Explain that Hazrat Umar's system of governance is often considered a model of
just and effective leadership.
 Present the key principles that defined Hazrat Umar's governance, such as
justice, accountability, consultation (Shura), and public welfare.
 Discuss how these principles were reflected in his decisions, policies, and
interactions with the community.
 Introduce the concept of obstacles that can hinder the establishment of good
governance.
 Identify and discuss common obstacles like corruption, lack of accountability,
misuse of power, and social inequality.
 Explain how these obstacles can erode the effectiveness of even well-intentioned
governance systems.
 Summarize the main points discussed: Hazrat Umar’s guiding principles and
obstacles to good governance.
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 Explain guiding principles of Hazrat Omer
 What are obstacles in the way of good governance?
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Encourage students to reflect on the
challenges modern governments
face in implementing these
principles.
HOME WORK Assign a short essay where students analyze one of Hazrat Umar's guiding
principles and explain how it could address a specific obstacle to good
governance..
 Unit 06
Culture of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Definition of culture, Pakistan: With reference to ancient Civilization,
Pakistan’s cultural heritage
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 05
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  Understand the concept of culture and its components.
 Identify the ancient civilizations that existed in the region of present-day
Pakistan.
 Appreciate the rich cultural heritage of Pakistan.

SUMMARY  Begin the lesson with a brief discussion on the importance of culture in our lives.
OF TASKS  Define culture as the shared beliefs, values, customs, traditions, arts, and social
behaviors of a particular group or society.
 Explain that culture shapes our identity and influences how we perceive the
world around us.
 Discuss the major ancient civilizations that existed in present-day Pakistan: Indus
Valley Civilization and Gandhara Civilization.
 Explain the geographical significance of the Indus Valley Civilization and its
advanced urban planning, architecture, and script.
 Highlight the artistic and cultural contributions of the Gandhara Civilization,
particularly its role in the spread of Buddhism.
 Discuss how the cultures of various ethnic groups have contributed to Pakistan's
rich cultural diversity.
 Present examples of Pakistan's cultural heritage, such as traditional music (e.g.,
qawwali), dance forms (e.g., bhangra), festivals (e.g., Eid, Diwali), and
traditional clothing.
 Show images and videos to provide a visual representation of the cultural
elements.
Summarize the main points discussed in the lesson.
Emphasize the importance of culture in shaping societies and fostering unity.
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 What is culture?
 What are ancient civilizations of Pakistan?
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book, Multimedia, Visual presentation, PowerPoint presentation
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Encourage students to share their
thoughts on how ancient
civilizations have influenced
modern-day Pakistan.
HOME WORK Ask students to research and prepare a short essay on the role of cultural heritage
in promoting national identity.
 Unit 06
Culture of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
SUBJECT: Pakistan Studies
TOPIC: Important ancient sites of cultural significance, Important buildings of the
Muslim period
GRADE HSSC-II DURATION: 40 min, Day 06
LEVEL
LESSON After completion of lesson, students will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:  Identify and describe significant ancient sites in Pakistan and their cultural
importance.
 Recognize key architectural achievements during the Muslim period in Pakistan.
 Understand the historical and cultural significance of these sites and buildings.

SUMMARY  Begin by discussing the importance of preserving historical sites and buildings
OF TASKS for understanding the cultural heritage of a region.
 Explain that this lesson will focus on important ancient sites in Pakistan and
architectural achievements of the Muslim period.
 Present a list of significant ancient sites in Pakistan, such as Mohenjo-daro,
Harappa, Taxila, and Takht-i-Bahi.
 Briefly introduce each site's location and historical context.
 Discuss the cultural significance of these sites, including their role in ancient
trade, art, and social life.
 Highlight key architectural achievements during the Muslim period in Pakistan,
including mosques, forts, and mausoleums.
 Discuss the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, Shah Jahan's Mosque in Thatta, Rohtas
Fort, and the tombs of Shah Rukn-e-Alam and Jahangir.
 Summarize the key points discussed in the lesson.
 By the end of the lesson students would be asked some questions (open ended):
 Name important historical sites of Pakistan?
 Tell about historical Muslim buildings of Pakistan?
MATERIALS Board, Markers, Book, Multimedia, Visual presentation, PowerPoint presentation
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT SUMMATIVE FORMATIVE
 Encourage students to share their
thoughts on how these sites and
buildings contribute to our
understanding of Pakistan's history
and culture.
HOME WORK Ask students to research and write a short essay on one of the ancient sites or
buildings discussed in the lesson