1.

(a) Derive the Euler's critical load of a column with one end fixed and the other end is
restrained against rotation but free to translate.
(b) Determine the crippling load of a column with one end fixed and the other end
hinged by using higher order differential equation.
2. (a) Determine the critical load for a column of I - section, if the column end are simply
supported such that the ends can rotate but cannot deflect about Y and Z- axis.
Further the ends are free to warp but cannot rotate about longitudinal X- axis.
(b) A column of rectangular cross section, hinged at the ends is acted upon by an axial
load P. Using the double-modulus theory, reduce an expression for the buckling load.
3. (a) Explain the various methods available for analyzing stability problem and discuss the
relative merits.
(b) Determine reduced modulus for an axially loaded column, when the cross section is
(i) rectangle with b and depth d and (ii) an I section with negligibly small web
thickness.
4. Using Galerkin method derive the critical load of a fixed-hinged column of length L.
5. Derive the critical load of a uniformly compressed plate, fixed along all edges by the
energy method.
6. Obtain the buckling load of a rectangular plate of uniform thickness, simply supported
along two opposite sides and uniformly compressed for each of the following set
𝑏
conditions. The edge x = 0, a are simply supported and (i) the edges 𝑦 = ± are simply
2
𝑏 𝑏
supported, (ii) the edge 𝑦 = + is simply supported, the edge 𝑦 = − is clamped.
2 2
7. Derive the critical load of a column by Rayleigh-Ritz method taking the initial trial
function as y = Cx2 + Dx3 for a column with one end free and the other fixed.
8. Simply supported column resting on elastic support of stiffness K per unit length as
shown in Figure 1. Derive expression for critical load of column using finite difference
techniques.
P P
K K K K K K

Figure 1
9. Using finite difference technique, derive the critical load of a column with one end fixed
and the other hinged case.
10. Derive the differential equation for later buckling of a beam, its cross section having two
planes of symmetry.
 7.34𝐸𝐼
11. Show that the crippling load for the frame shown in Fig. 1 is given by 𝑃𝑐𝑟 = using
𝑙2
side sway mode.
P P

I
L

L I l L

Fig. 1
12. A single bay single portal frame as shown in Figure 2 is subjected to axial loads at top
two corners. Determine the critical value of the load P if the top joints are not allowed to
undergo lateral movement (Non-sway).
P P
EII LI

EII L EII L

Figure 2

13. Write short notes on the following

(a) Principle of stationary of potential energy.
(b) Effect of eccentricity on crippling load.
(c) In elastic buckling of plates.
(d) Creep buckling.
(e) Effect of shear stress on buckling.
(f) Assumptions made in the double modulus theory.