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Zahra Alowa2
Zahra Alowa2
Ministry of Education
Majmaah University
College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS)
Medical Laboratory Sciences (MDL)
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by
Zahra Alowa
421204089
Abstract:
Autoantibodies are antibodies that target the body's own tissues and play a
significant role in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases.
This research explores the mechanisms of action of autoantibodies and their
association with different autoimmune conditions. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies against
citrullinated proteins (ACPA) are commonly detected. These autoantibodies
serve as diagnostic markers for RA and are associated with disease progression,
radiographic damage, and increased cardiovascular and thromboembolic risks.
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), autoantibodies targeting key
components involved in disease development have been identified.
Autoantibodies against dsDNA, C1q, chromatin, Sm, and ribosomal P are
potential biomarkers for lupus nephritis. The presence of autoantibodies,
particularly anti-dsDNA, has been linked to HLA-DR2 in SLE patients. They
can be utilized for accurate diagnosis, disease classification, and prediction of
disease course. Furthermore, autoantibodies are valuable tools for disease
monitoring. They aid in early detection, assessment of treatment response, and
prediction of disease relapse or remission in conditions such as prostate cancer,
Alzheimer's disease, rheumatic diseases, and primary membranous
nephropathy. In conclusion, autoantibodies play a pivotal role in autoimmune
diseases, contributing to their pathogenesis, serving as diagnostic and
prognostic biomarkers, and facilitating disease monitoring. Further research in
this field
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