GROUP 4 TOPIC OUTLINE ● Silver

● Gold
Building Electrical System ● Copper
It is the selection of a building system ● Aluminum
voltage, which is dependent on sizes ● Mercury
and types of the connected loads, ● Steel
utilities near the building. It is more ● Iron
economical to distribute power at high ● Seawater
voltage. ● Concrete
● Mercury
Amperage
determines conductor size, and higher Conductor Insulation
voltages mean lower amperage, which
allows use of smaller conductors. Materials that don't allow electrical
current or heat to pass through them
-High voltages, introduces more
complex safety issues Examples

● Rubber
-Larger installations have greater power
● Glass
requirements and higher building
● Pure water
system voltages
● Oil
● Air
-Smaller installations such as
● Diamond
residences use lower voltage systems.
● Dry wood
● Dry cotton
Types of Building Electrical System:
● Plastic
● Asphalt
Residential System
- Power from a ground or pole-mounted Conductor Ampacity Requirements
utility transformer located outside the
building is brought to the building ● Ampacity is the amount of current
service equipment through underground a conductor can carry without
or overhead service entrance lines. exceeding its specified
temperature, in amperes.
Multifamily Dwelling ● It can be referenced in the
- Power is brought from a utility National Electrical Code where
transformer to the building service they list ampacity values based
equipment. It is then divided at a main on ambient temperature.
distribution panel, passes throu
Conductor Requirements Temperature Correction Factor

Conductor Materials ● applied based on the ambient

Conductors are defined as the materials
or substances that allow electricity to
flow through them.
Examples
temperature of the conductor.
● Ambient temperature is the
temperature of a surrounding
medium.
 ● The ambient temperature rating
of a conductor refers to the
normal temperature range in the
environment in which that
conductor is to be used
Bunding Correction Factor
Applied for four or more conductors in a
raceway or cable installed in the same
raceway or conduit or any bundled
cables that are more than 24 in (0.63 m)
long.
Conductor Voltage Drop
Requirements
Voltage drop is the decrease of electric
potential along the path of a current
flowing in a circuit.
Insulation Color-Coding and
Identification Markings
Following a uniform color code makes it
easier to assess electrical wiring, and
ensure safety among licensed
professionals and homeowners alike.
Occupant Protection Requirements
Tamper-Resistant Receptacle
Requirements
Tamper-resistant receptacles have built-
in shutters that prevent children from
inserting foreign objects in the
receptacle slots.
Ground FAULT CIRCUIT PROTECTION
REQUIREMENTS
GFCIs are generally installed where
electrical circuits may accidentally come
into contact with water.
ARC FAULT CIRCUIT PROTECTION
REQUIREMENTS
It refers to any device that is designed to
guard against faulty connections
causing arcing, or sparking.
Cable Raceway
it is a protective conduit or channel used
to organize, route and protect electrical,
data, or communication cables. It is a
common solution in both residential and
commercial settings to manage and
conceal wiring, ensuring safety,
organization, and aesthetics.
Types of Cable Raceways
 Surface Mounted Raceway
Surface-mounted raceways are installed
on walls or ceilings to conceal and
protect cables. They are commonly
used in commercial and residential
settings to route electrical data, and
communication cables.
 Metal Conduit
Metal conduits are rigid raceways made
of materials like steel or aluminum. They
provide excellent protection for electrical
wiring and are often used in industrial
and outdoor applications.
 Non-Metal Conduit
Non-metallic conduits are made of
materials like PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
and are lightweight, non-conductive, and
suitable for indoor applications.
 Cable Trays
Cable trays are open, ladder-like
structures used to support and manage
cables in industrial and commercial
environments.
 Wire Duct
Wire ducts are open raceways with
removable covers, designed for
organizing and protecting smaller cables
and wires in control panels and
electrical cabinets.
 Floor Mounted Raceways
Floor mounted wireways are surface
connected track raceways that install
directly on top of any type of flooring to
give you access to power and
technology in open spaces.
 Wireway
Wireways are enclosed raceways with
hinged or removable covers. They are
used for routing and protecting cables in
industrial and commercial environments.
ENCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS:
> PROTECTION from physical damage
> Fire resistance
> Grounding
> Accessibility
> Spacing and support
> Capacity limits
> Clear marking
TYPES OF BRANCH CIRCUITS
Individual Branch Circuit
This type of branch circuit serves only
one receptacle or piece of equipment
such as for a range, clothes dryer, large
copy machine, or other piece of
machinery.
General Purpose Branch Circuit
A branch circuit supplies two or more
outlets for lighting and appliances. This
type of circuit may be referred to as a
lighting circuit; this is a carryover from
the days when electricity was first used
in buildings and its predominant purpose
was lighting.
Appliance Branch Circuit
This is the type of branch circuit that
supplies energy to one or more outlets
to which appliances are to be
connected. They supply fixed electric
equipment such as refrigerators,
washers, and other large appliances
and electrical devices. Appliance branch
circuits do not supply lighting fixtures.
Appliance branch circuits cannot exceed
20 A.
Multiwire Branch Circuit
A branch circuit consisting of two or
more ungrounded (hot) conductors
having a voltage between them and a
common neutral (grounded) conductor
that is shared between the ungrounded
conductors such as in a 120/240 V
three-wire circuit. In this circuit, all
conductors must originate from the
same panel board.
Life Safety Branch Circuit
An emergency system of feeders and
branch circuits that provides adequate
power to patients and personnel. It must
automatically connect to an alternate
power source such as a generator when
the normal power source is interrupted.
Split Wiring Receptacles
Split wired duplex receptacles are fed
with a 120/240 V circuit having two
ungrounded (hot) conductors, a
grounded (neutral) conductor, and a
grounding conductor. One ungrounded
(hot) conductor feeds power to the
upper outlet and the other ungrounded
(hot) conductor feeds the lower outlet.
The grounded (neutral) conductor is
shared between both circuits. Split
wiring allows power to be drawn from
two separate circuits on one duplex
receptacle.
Branch Circuit Rating and Loads
The branch circuit rating is determined
by the rating of the overcurrent
protection device (fuse or circuit
breaker) used to protect the wiring in the
circuit from excessive current flow. The
rating of the overcurrent protection
device is related to the connected load
or loads being fed by the branch circuit.
Simply put, the wiring in the circuit must
safely deliver current to the connected
load and the overcurrent protection
device protects this wiring, so the circuit
rating matches the rating of the
overcurrent protection device.
DEVICE AND EQUIPMENT
REQUIREMENTS
Requirements for Switches and
Receptacles
Switches must be selected to match the
load they control. Large lighting
installations that require many switches
may have the switches contained within
a panelboard-like enclosure called I
P>E5000 VA>240 V 20.8 A 21 A lighting
control panel. Receptacles must be
selected to match the appliance or
equipment they serve.
Ordinary convenience receptacles and
switches are generally wall mounted.
There are no specific mounting height
requirements for wall switches and
receptacles. Switches are normally
mounted approximately 48 in (1.2 m)
above finished floor (AFF), unless
otherwise specified.
Convenience receptacles are normally
mounted approximately 16 in AFF (400
mm), unless otherwise specified.
Convenience receptacles in bathrooms
and restrooms are normally mounted
approximately 44 in AFF (1.1 m).
Overcurrent Protection (Circuit
Breakers and Fuses) Requirements
An overcurrent protection (OCP) device,
a fuse, or circuit breaker serves to limit
current levels in a conductor by
interrupting power when current
limitations are exceeded. It prevents
excessive heat from damaging
conductors and related equipment.
Therefore, the overcurrent device must
be matched to the conductor and
equipment so that the current-carrying
capacity of the conductor and
equipment are not exceeded.
Feeder Requirements
A feeder is a set of conductors that carry
a comparatively large amount of power
from the service equipment to a second
panelboard, called a subpanelboard,
where branch circuits further distribute
the power. For example, a feeder may
originate at the main panelboard and
feed a lighting subpanelboard that
further divides power to branch circuiting
for lighting.
Switchboard and Panelboard
Requirements
Switchboards and panelboards used as
service equipment should have a rating
not less than the minimum allowable
service capacity of the computed load.
Panelboards used as subpanelboards
should have a rating not less than the
minimum feeder capacity of the
computed load. A variety of demand
factors reduce the connected load to the
computed load. These demand factors
are too numerous to mention here. The
reader is referred to local Code
requirements. Additional capacity may
be warranted for future expansion.

Service Entrance Equipment

Requirements

Service equipment must be large

enough to supply the computed load of
the building or area of the building being
served. It is calculated using code
requirements and utility regulations. In
most commercial and industrial
installations, several disconnects may
be used. Commonly, a maximum of six
service disconnects per service are
allowed. So, in large installations where
more than six switches or circuit
breakers could be used as disconnects,
a single main service disconnect must
be provided to disconnect power to the
building. In very large buildings, there
can be several service entrances.

Transformer Requirements

Transformers may be located in a

building to step up or step down the
building system voltage. Transformer
combinations, such as wye-wye (Y-Y),
delta-delta ( - ), delta-wye ( -Y), and
wye-delta (Y- ) are available for use in
buildings. The first symbol (Y or )
indicates the configuration of the
primary windings and the second the
configuration of the secondary windings.