DATE: NAME: cuss: REINFORCEMENT ' Frolicking in Fluids Answer Sheet Goal + Use this page to record the answers for Starting Point Activity: Frolicking in Fluids in your student textbook. Think About It * Many mammals, such as otters and dolphins, make their homes in water environments. These animals glide gracefully and fluidly through water. How are their body features suited to a water environment? What to Do * With a partner, answer the following questions in the spaces provided. 1. Make a list of five mammals that live in a water environment. 2. What can the mammals do in water that they cannot do on land? 3. How are their bodies designed to suit activity in water? 4, Think of some design features for underwater equipment that are based on the body features of animals living in water environments. How do you think these features improve the functioning of the equipment? Copyrigt © McGrew Hil Ryerson Limited. Permbsion to reproduce tis page is granted tothe purchaser for we in hes/is cssroom only. 27DNAME: cass: ET Frolicking in Fluids Answer Sheet (continues) Going Further Some of the mammals you listed have ancestors that may have looked different from the mammals of today. Do some research on one of these mammals. Draw a sketch of the mammal and one of its ancestors below: 1. Are there features that have changed over time? If so, describe them. 2. What are the advantages/disadvantages of these changes? BO cysghs © Meco Hl Rysson Lnited, Pema to reproduce ths page ie rated othe parchaver for ws in e/a ascoce onyDATE: NAME: cass: INQUIRY 1 Differing Densities Chart — Goal + Use this page to rank the densities of the substances in the containers, as in Find Out Activity: Differing Densities, in your student textbook. What to Do * Use the chart to rank substances from the heaviest to the lightest and try to guess the substance in each container. Using your knowledge of the particle theory, what inferences can you make about the densities of different substances? Container ‘Rank order ‘Substance umber (heaviest to lightest) (your guess) (actual) What Did You Find Out? 1. Which substances did you guess correctly (or closely)? Which substances, if any, surprised you? ‘Copyright © McCraw-Hil Ryerton Limited. Permission to reproduce this page is granted tothe porcbeser for we in hes/nis classroom aoly. 28%DATE: NAME: cass: el Chay Ea EncequRY | Differing Densities Chart (xin 2. The volumes of the substances were identical because each container was filled to the top. Why is it important to keep the volumes equal in this activity? 3. Make a general statement about the substances in terms of the density of the particles. BQ copyrighs © airy Hl Hye Limi, Penaion to sprodue thi page i pranted to the poche far we is bcs case alyDATE: NAME: Pore) REINFORCEMENT Mass vs. Weight Calc Goal + Use the following format to determine your weight on each of the planets. What to Do Fill in the blanks with your mass and weight. Then use this information to calculate (in the chart) changes in your mass and weight if you were on different planets. ‘My mass on Earth is _ kg. Force of gravity on Earth is 9.8 N/kg. ‘My weight on Earth is N. ‘My mass on the Moon is___kg. Force of gravity on the Moon is 1.6 N/ kg. ‘My weight on the Moon is____N. Planet | Force of Gravity (W/kg) My Mass (kg) My Weight () Mercury 38 ‘Venus 9.0 Mars 38 Jupiter 27.0 Saturn 12.0 ‘Uranus 9.0 Neptune 110 Pluto 08 (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Byers Lnined. Peon to sepcodac his pages gtd othe purhaner for we ia bee/scasors ool, 23parE Nae ‘SCIENCE INQUIRY i Determining Den: Ss Charts and Graphing Goal + Use these charts to measure the mass and volume of different substances. What to Do * Record your results in the charts, Then present the results in a graph. ‘Substance Tested | Volume | Mass of beaker ‘Mass of heaker | Mass of substance | Ratio of mass (ml) only (9) and substance (y) only (a) to volume (g/mL) 100 200 300 400 500 ‘Substance Volume (Mass-to-volume (mL) ‘ratio (g/ml) ef water oil i V glycerol molasses sand 284 copyght © Meena Ryn Lind Pein ep hips ped he pce fr inher carom iDATE: NAME: cuass. GEM termining Densities “7 ‘SCIENCE INQUIRY Determining Densities Charts Continued Determining Densities Graph Determining Densities Graph of Class Results Copyright © McGraw-Hill Ryerson Lined. Penaoe wo eprcoce this pages raed othe purchaser for wen hes ciscoom oni, 2BPIG [REINFORCEMENT | Density Calculations G e this page to calculate the mass and volume of different substanc cuass, coe What to Do T poset Donaity © Use the table and the formula Fuid | (om) | Sotid—‘| (wie) Density = M85 _ to solve the Tyeiogen | 0.00000 styrofoam | .005 Volume helium 0.0002 ‘ork 024 following problems. at 001s oak O70 8 Pro’ t oxygen 0.0014 sugat 4.59 1. Calculate the mass of 550 mL of air. catbon dioxide | 0.002 sal 216 ethyl alcohol 079 aluminum 270 — — ‘machine olt 0.90 iron 787 water 100 nickel 8.90 ‘seawater 1.08 copper B92, ~ glycerol 126 Teac 1134 [meroury [1855 god ax 2. Calculate the mass of 50 cm? of copper. 3, Whatis the volume of a 2 g piece of gold? 2 4, How much space would 1 kg of air occupy? . In an experiment, two students find that 500 g of water occupies a space of 50 mL. Is this accurate? . In the same class, two students find that a piece of wood with a mass of 70 g has a volume of 103 cm’. They conclude that the wood is oak. Is this accurate? 286 Copyighc © McGrorHil Ryenon Limi, Permiion reproduce thi page i granted to he purchse for ae hes casroom oly.[farce | Comparing Densities DATE: NAME: ass. Cae Additional Questions Goal + Use this page to compare the densities of different substances. What to Do Density Density * Use the information in the table to Fold (gmt) ‘Solid ig/em*) answer the following questions. Tyogen | 00000 | sytem 008 1. You drop three things into a glass of fem} 9002 fe a water: a piece of styrofoam, a piece of ‘oxoen [00014 [sugar 159 oak, and a gold ring. Which will float? Tarbon dioxide | 0002 ‘salt 216 Which will sink? ethyl alcohol | 0.79 aluminum: 270 machine ofl | 0.0 iron 787 vale “100 Tike B90 a weawalor__| 108 copper 8% wh gyoerol | 126 iead Fiat 2, Which is more dense: nemary 135 0 1332 (@) carbon dioxide or air? (b) oxygen or air? (© hydrogen or air? Sometimes people say that the air is “thinner” high up on a mountain. Is this true? Someone decides that it would be wise to get rid of machine oil by dumping it into a nearby pond. This person thinks that since itis only a small amount of machine oil, dumping it would not cre- ate pollution because the machine oil would mix with the water in the pond and “disappear.” What would you say to this person? - ‘You find a white granular substance in a jar in your cupboard, You suspect that it may be either sugar or salt, How could you find out without tasting the substance? Some people say that itis easier to swim in seawater than itis to swim in fresh water. Could this be true? s While studying for a test, a student comes to the conclusion that solids are more dense than liquids, Is this true? ~ Copy © McGown ron Lied Perino meds isin rae he parce or wei evs caeam oy 287DATE: NAME: Co ‘ASSESSMENT How Dense Are You’ Goal + Use this page to demonstrate your understanding of how to measure density. Think About It © You have worked to find the density of different substances. ‘There are many methods (and variations) that work well. Does a person have density? Of course! However, determining this density may be tricky since there aren’t many gradu- ated cylinders large enough to accom- modzte even the smallest of infants. What to Do * Work with a parmer to find a method of What We'll Do measuring a person's density. Use this page to record your methods, results, calculations, and challenges. You and your partner must design the method oo yourselves. Be creative! There are many Our Results ways to approach this problem and end up with accurate results, ‘The main things to consider are the variables in your experiment, which need to be con- trolled. Your teacher will be observing you to make sure that each person is —— contributing to the success of your Our Calculations group. When you are done, you will be _ asked to share your results with the class in a one-minute oral presentation. What We'll Need one human body 2BE copyrigh: © McGraw-Hill Ryeeson Linited. Permission to reprodce this page granted tothe parchaser for us in hee/his lssrooe calDATE: NAME: cass: arent le thea Mancitu nt, en ere | What Is the Density of a Tennis Ball? Goal + Use this page to determine the density of a tennis ball. What to Do © Fillin the blanks with the information you need to calculate the mass, volume, and density of a tennis ball. What I'll Need What I'll Do I will determine the mass of the tennis ball by L will determine the volume of the tennis ball by I will calculate the density of the tennis ball by Do It! Mass of tennis ball g Volume of tennis ball cm? Density of tennis ball______g/em? Does it make sense? The density that I calculated for the tennis ball is reasonable because (Copyright © MGeaw-iil Ryerson Liv, Permsion to reproduce this page is granted tothe purchase for we in hev/is lasroom al. 2893LM Goal + Use this page to demonstrate your understanding of density. What to Do + Answer the following questions. 1. What is mass? Include units. 3. ‘The relationship between the mass of an object and its volume is called density. State this relationship as a mathematical equation. - . How can the density of a pure substance be changed? Use the formula thet states the mass-to-volume ratio of a substance to solve the following: (a) What is the density of a substance that has a mass of 7.9 g and a volume of 4.2 cm’? (b) What is the mass of a substance that has a density of 8.9 g/em? and a volume of Sem? (©) Whats the volume of a substance that has a density of 1.25 g/mL and a mass of 150 g? 6, Describe two different methods that may be used to determine the volume of an object. 290 copyrigat © McGraw-Hill Ryecuon Linited. Perino to reproduce this page is granted to the porchaser for us ic heft laewroom only,OVERHEAD MASTER | Buoyancy Diagrams A Sinking, e.g., a rock B_ Rising, e.g., a helium balloon Cong © Maen 1 yenon Lined Peminon poss page ged the pea inher oy. 204REINFORCE Identifying Buoyancy —— Goal + Use this page to determine the buoyancy of different objects. What to Do + When a solid is placed in the middle of a liquid, the solid may do one of three things. It may sink, rise, or remain in place. What will happen with each of the following objects? Circle the appropriate arrow. wlt=~ lt oft—— (a) Ring (b) Healthy fish (c) Cork (d)Rock (6) Heliurfilad balloon (f) Person. Questions 1. Would it be correct to circle more than one arrow for (f)? Why? 2. A student places a piece of wood in a glass of water and finds that it floats. AA few days later it has sunk to the bottom of the glass. Explain. 292 copyright © McGraw-Hill Byeon Linited. Peminion to eprodce thi page grand tothe purchase for use herhis chatroom only.Swim Bladder and Submarine Cross Sections swim bladder pumps air ~~ under pressure water out RISING CCopyiht © Mew Hl Ryerica Limited Prion w reproduce this page ie raed tothe puch forma in hei cameos only OBWhat to Do * You have leamed that different sub- stances have different densities. Put this principle to work. Make a model (in a small jat) to show the three possibilities of buoyancy. Can you find one sub- stance that will sink, one that will float, and one that will stay suspended in water? Can you find two of each? Can you find related substances (e.g., various types of beans)? Experiment with various combina- tions. Give your composition a title. Use only non-toxic substances! 294 copyright © MeCeaw-TLE Ryersr Linitod. Permission wo reproduce this page granted to te purchaser for ws in hrf clco0m only.DATE: NAME: cuass: PHOBLEM SOLVING ] Zebra Mussels — What Would You Do? Goal + Find out more about zebra mussels. What to Do * Visit the web site www.school.megrawhill.ca/resources/ to find information on zebra mussels. Go to Science Resources, then to SCIENCEPOWER 8. After you have investigated various web sites and researched books on zebra mussels, answer the questions on this page. Think About It * The freshwater zebra mussel has invaded the waterways of North America. ‘This tiny molluse sticks to underwater surfaces such as water-intake pipes and docks. Zebra mussels can attach themselves to buoys and ships’ hulls. Sometimes they form densely layered colonies of over one million mussels per square metre. Thus, they can alter the average density and the stability of floating objects. Buoys have been known to sink with the added weight of thousands of zebra mussels, An unbalanced distribution of zebra mussels can interfere with a ship's stability, espe~ cially when it is being tossed about in a storm. Questions 1, When and how did the zebra mussel come to North America? 2. What types of problems do zebra mussels cause in our waterways? CCopright © MGrm- Ryenon Lined. Prion epredsce hi passed the poise amin hes emo only 2Bpare: NAM: cass: Se - BEM sowing | Zebra Mussels — What Would You Do? (coninvea) 3. What groups are working on the solutions? 2OG copyigh'© MGonr Ht Rynon Linked Remon oeprodace agente ote pts ore in became xlGoal + Read the poem about a hot-air balloon. Introduction You may have seen hot-air balloons in the sky. They can be beautiful or funny, but they are always interesting. Why do they stay in the sky? How do they take off and land? What controls their flight? There have been flights of model hot-air balloons as early as the late seventeenth century. At first balloons were not powered, so they just rose. Later, a heating element was added in order to sustain flight. Hot-air balloons have been used since then in festivals, protests, and as advertising. Also, many an adventurer has used a balloon to tour the countryside or even travel around the world. Hot-air balloons have inspired poetry as well as folk- lore, Here is an example: Morning Moon “The poet is describing a festival in honour Iie ond watch the evening meen re of Buddha, This festival takes place in on fib moon wight Myanmar every October. The people use ofan Et Mam candles, lanterns, and fire balloons to ch celebrate. What mood is the author trying ora cool fire-balloon co gewnas? moving slowly up the night air 10 pay homage to the Sacred Hair Do tt! Relic of Buddba in paradise. + Write « poem about hor-air balloons that There’ the Old Man pounding rice includes the words “density,” “buoyancy,” and beside him the Hare, 12 no Basho lmelnes forme there and other terms from the chapter. ‘but a quiet joy in the brightening sky as the moon climbs higher cand it is time to retire. I get up carly from a short night's rest 10 greet the moon now in the west at its fairest less than an hour before it ets. ‘The morning moon breathes s0 much tranquility and peace ‘yet brings a light touch of the sense of our own evanescence. Teo soon ‘we leave to itself the morning moon. ‘Copyright © McGraw-Hill Ryerson Liited. Permission to reproduce chia page is graaned tothe purchaser for we in her/his casroom oly. 2Q7DATE: ME: What to Do ‘© Write down information you will need to produce a poster. 1. ‘There are many jobs that require scuba-diving in lakes, oceans, or other bodies of water. Do some research to find at least five different jobs and list them here. 2. Pick one of the above jobs to describe using a poster. Pretend that you work for an organization that needs to hire people for that job. What are the main points you should advertise? List them here. 3. Make a rough draft of your poster on this page. When your teacher approves your design, enlarge it onto a poster-sized piece of paper and colour it. 9B cooyige © may Hl Ryerson Lite. Peoninian to eprouse thi page granted to the prcaner fr un hechis soon oyDATE: NAME: CI science inquinY | Scientific Sketch of Hydrometer Goal + Use this page to develop your skill in scientific drawing. What to Do * You have built and used your homemade hydrometer, following the instructions on pages 156-157 of your student textbook. Make a scientific diagram (cross section) of your hydrometer and label all of its parts. My Hydrometer Diagram Labels Capri © Mere Hil Byer Lie PeriDATE: NAME. | Density and Buoyancy Quiz Em s page to demonstrate your understanding of density and buoyancy. What to Do ‘Answer the following questions. 1. Match the description in Column A with the correct term in Column B. Column A Column B ___ the pull of gravity on mass (@ hydrometer ___ increasing the volume of a ship's hull (b) buoyant force increases the ship's (© buoyancy __an instrument that measures density (@ average density __ opposes the force of gravity (weight ___ the value equal to the density of a volume substance , | __ an upward force exerted on objects (G) mass-to-volume ratio submerged in fluids (h) gravity __ the space occupied by an object @ density 2. State Archimedes’ principle and then explain it using your own words and an example. 3. When some students did an experiment, they found that a certain piece of wood had a vol- ‘ume of 120 cm? and a mass of 95 g. (@) What is the density of this piece of wood? (b) What is an accurate way of determining the density of this wood? BOO copyright © McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. Peraission to reproduce this page is granted tothe parchaser for use in her/his laesroom only.DATE: NAME: Cori) Density and Buoyancy Quiz (continued) (©) Would this piece of wood float in water? cuss. 4. Do you think that denser things are “stronger” than things that are not as dense? Give examples and reasons for your answer. 5. A beautiful crown is unearthed at the excavation of an ancient tomb. The mass of the crown is measured at 2.10 kg and its volume is 200 cm’. (® Calculate the density of the crown in grams per cubic centimetre. (b) Use the table to predict what type of material the crown is made of. Substance Density (g/cm) gold 193 lead 113 silver 10.5 nickel 89 copper 89 iron 79 aluminum 27 magnesium 17 ‘Copyright © McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limieed. Pereation to reproduce this page is granted tothe parchese fr us in her/his classroom only. BOTDATE: NAME: cass. ASSESSMENT Comical Cartoons —— Goal + Use this page to draw comical cartoons to illustrate ideas from Chapter 5. What to Do * Choose one of the following ideas from the Chapter at a Glance section on page 159 of your student textbook and illus- \ trate it using a cartoon. NS Example ue a * Compare the densities of the solid, x liquid, and gaseous states of a substance. In this cartoon, the molecules move farther apart when the gold changes from a solid to aliquid to a gas. Ideas to Choose From + Use the particle theory to explain how * Explain how sinking objects can float temperature affects density. + Explain how floating objects can sink. * Explain how to measure the volume ofa “Explain “average density.” gas. * Explain Archimedes’ principle. * Use the particle theory to explain buoy- Show a hydrometer at work. ancy. B02 _capyighr © Mec i yee Lin, Peiin 0 repodaehppe nr’ he pr fr shrine srpare Nave cuss. cre : TT VOCABULARY CHECK | Fill in the Blanks Goal + Use this page to check your understanding of terms from Chapter 5. What to Do * Use the following terms from Chapter 5 to fill in the blanks. ‘buoyancy gravity buoyant force mass-to-volume ratio density floating mass average density volume displace | capacity neutral buoyancy | weight Archimedes’ principle i force hydrometer | 1 is the natural force that causes an object to move toward the centre of Earth, . Although your would be the same on Earth as on the Moon, your_______would be different. 3, is stated as follows: The buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid equals the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. A@a)_____is an instrument designed to measure liquid density. = 5. is a measurement of the amount of space occupied by a substance. When an object remains suspended in a fluid instead of sinking, it is said to be a 7,__________is achieved when an object neither rises nor sinks in a fluid. This allows fish to stay at a constant depth in water. 8. When you get into a bathtub, you an amount of water equal to your volume. A simple definition of a isa push or pull, or anything that causes a change in the motion of an object. 2° 10,___is the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Ryecvon Limited. Permision to reproduce this page is granted tothe purchaser for we in her/nis clssroom only. BOBNAME: DATE: 24 on Eee Word Search Goal + Use this Word Search Puzzle to see how many terms you recognize. Find the following words in the Word Search Puzzle. What to Do buoyancy mass-to-volume ratio floating buoyant force density mass average density displace neutral buoyancy volume Archimedes’ principle hydromever weight force gravity |] 4] <[o]aa]a]z|)=[e[> [4] >] |e <[@] a) a] ee |e] st] pen] >] a] | fet |e] a] OZ) Al <|M) <| 5) R)O]<)R]mala|HiQlD|Al Bio ls] >| l> flea) <]s/alalz ol) ss] ]> Blalela|N|a)>/e/a/p/e o[Hlolalola|al< <|mjo/s|-|e]o|>|o]o|>|m)m|mlol-|>)z|z | sci] oa] ot] | Z| a4] ta] [om x | co || ml>lalx|alel|>)z [ele] sl e]e]z[>/=|alalo pin) t|ea| a }ea/O|D/0]<|0) m/al>|<|<|i]o| a wa ea St] | | 0 | ts] | | mt] OO] af] LB] ] O 0) a)malo/o]z|m) alo] alo}m)=|>)afmlo]n|ma P/OlO}S| mM) |<|Hlal a! <|/>/m)>]/n]=|m[>[ola|o]a| a b> [>a] |e jad] |<) alale]o} Z| |e et] Oo] me w|o|<|<}mi|-/e) 7 a]Z]0|-)<|ni]=/5/4/0|> ol] 7 |p| O| 2] || 553] > || cn) a] > [01x] 0] 5 |e] pt] ) st] sf] as fa] a} |] Of] | a] slo) e lee] <|z)m|<|n/ole|z)0/>]>]afo]> 304. copnigh © McGru il yenon Lined. Pernice rpodse is pag gad othe prune for we in ah cao onDATE: NAME: ao] Bone Density Goal + Read this page to learn more about bone density. Density is an important concept in medicine. ‘This fact is illustrated by the disease called osteoporosis. The name literally mean “bones with more pore”, This disease is character- ized by decreased bone mass, also called “bone mineral density”, which makes the bones more brittle and easier to break. These britde bones can result in painful, disabling fractures, especially of the spine, hips, and wrists. Such fractures can even lead to death, especially in older, debilitated patients. Bone mineral density reaches a peak around age 35. Testosterone (in males) and estrogen (in females) are important hormones to help build bone density. Also important for building bone is a diet adequate in Vitamin D, calcium, and exercise. After age 35, women experience bone loss, so it is important to build up bone density while still young. The rate of bone loss increases after menopause when a woman's ovaries stop producing estrogen (around age 50). Approximately 1/4 of women over 50 get osteoporosis. Men are affected by this condition as well, but only 1/8 of men are affected. Factors that increase the risk of osteoporosis include a family history of the disease, excessive alcohol use, smoking, and excessive caffeine consumption. People of ‘Caucasian and Asian descent seem to have higher incidences of this disease. ‘Osteoporosis can be measured in different ways. Sometimes the bone loss is so severe (Copyright © McCraw Hl Byron Limited. Perminon vo reruduce ths page ee that it can be seen on X-rays. However, the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) must be greater than 30 percent to be seen this way. Amore accurate way to measure BMD is to ‘use a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scanner. This machine measures bone density by measuring the amount of X-ray energy that penetrates the bones of the spine and hips. The denser the bones, the less energy that penetrates them. ‘The mea- surements are standardized by comparing them to those of young adults. (8) Bone with osteoporosis has thinned out and becomes more porous, making it more likely to break. the parcharer for tia hese oly.DATE: NAME: aaa Bone Density (nines) HANDOUT 2 Everyone diagnosed with bone loss needs an evaluation to rule out conditions like kid- ney disease or multiple myeloma (a type of cancer), since these conditions can also cause bone loss. Osteoporosis is usually treated by a combination of hormone replacement thera- py (estrogen is important in bone building), calcium supplements, and Vitamin D. Increasing exercise and limiting smoking, alcohol, and caffeine consumption are impor- tant lifestyle measures. Medications called bisphosphonates can also help, and newer drugs are being developed to treat osteoporo- sis. But prevention of the disease with exer- cise and aa diet rich in calcium is crucial. The figures on the previous page show bones of different density. Iustration (a) is normal bone—dense and strong. Illustration (b) isa bone with osteoporosis. Can you see the difference? B06 coprtx € MeGrw Tt Ream Line Penni w repro his pge it rated te pce re inh onyCoe) KEY BLM 5-1, Frolicking in Fluids Answer Sheet/Reinforcement Goal: Students consider how marine animals’ adapra- tions have enabled them to live in a water envi- ronment. Answers Answers will vary depending on the mammals chosen. BLM 5-2, Differing Densities Chart/ Science Inquiry Goals Students rank the densities of the substances in the containers, as in Find Out Activity: Differing Densities, in the student textbook. Answers Answers will vary. BLM 5-3, Mass vs. Weight Calculations/Reinforcement Goal: Students use this format to determine their on exch of the planets Answers ‘Mass should be the same on every planet. It is con- stant. Weight will differ. On planets where the gravitational pull is stronger than on Earth, the weight will be greater than on Earth. On planets where the ‘gravitational pull is weaker than on Earth, the weight ‘will be less then on Earth. BLM 5-4, Determining Densities Charts and Graphing/Science Inquiry Goal Students use charts to measure the mass and ‘volume of different substances. Answers Answers will vary. BLM 5-5, Density Calculations/ Reinforcement Goal: Students calculate the mass and volume of different substances, Answers 1. O75 g Hog tem? | + 769 230 mL. 5. No. This is not accurate. ‘The students must have made a mistake with a decimal place. This combi- nation of mass and volume would not be the proper density. 6. This may be correct. The density of oak is 0.70 ‘g/cm’, which is very close to the students’ results, yawn BLM 5-6, Comparing Densities Additional Questions/ Reinforce- ment Goal: Students compare the densities of different substances. Answers 1, The styrofoam and oak would float. The gold ring would sink. 2. (@) Carbon dioxide is denser than air. (@) Oxygen is denser than air. (© Air is denser than hydrogen. 3. Up high ona mountain, the concentration of oxygen is lower than at ground level. Since itis more difficul to breathe in enough oxygen, peo- ple say that the air is “thinner.” 4. Any dumping of oil causes harm to the environ- ment. Since machine oil is less dense than water, it would likely float on water rather than mix in and “disappear.” $. Salt is denser than sugar. You may be able to deter- ‘ine the identity ofthe substance by comparing ‘the mass-to-volume ratios to that of sugar or salt. 6, Seawater is denscr than fresh water. Therefore, it ‘seems easier to float in the sea. However, some students may bring up the issue of waves and cur- rents, which make it difficult to swim in seawater. Generally, most solids seem to be denser than ‘most liquids, but there are many exceptions. Styrofoam and cork are not dense, but they are solids. Mercury is a liquid, but it is quite dense. ‘Thus, the statement is not always true. 7 Coppighe © McGraw: Hil Ryeron Listed. 307Con BLM 5-7, How Dense Are You?/ Assessment Goal: Students demonstrate their understanding of how to measure density. Answers Not applicable BLM 5-8, What Is the Density of a Tennis Ball?/Skill Builder Goalk: Students determine the density of a tennis ball. Answers Answers will vary, although the whole class should have similar answers for the density. BLM 5.9, Density Quiz/Assessment Goal: Students demonstrate their understanding of density. Answers 1. Mass is the amount of matter in a substance and is measured in grams (or other appropriate unit) 2. Volume is the measurement of the amount of space occupied by a substance and is measured in mL or cm? (or other appropriate unit). 3. Density is equal to the mass divided by the volume. 4. The density of a pure substance can be changed only by changing its state. 5. (@) 1.9 gem? OHS ¢ (©) 120 mL 6. The volume of a regular object may be deter~ ined by formula, An irregular object volume ‘may be determined by various methods of waver displacement. BLM 5-10, Buoyancy Diagrams/ Overhead Master Answers: Not applicable NSWER KEY es | BLM 5-11, Identifying Buoyancy/Reinforcement Goall: Students determine the buoyancy of different objects. Answers @ sink (©) stay in place (© float (@ sink (©) float Wal 1. Hewould be correct to circle more than one ‘answer since a person is able to adjust in order to do any of the three things. 2. Initially the wood may be less dense than the water, soit floats, Later, the wood may become waterlogged and sink, BLM 5-12, Swim idder and Submarine Cross Sections/ Overhead Master Answers Not applicable BLM 5-13, Make a Model {Sink-Float-Stay) Science Inquiry/ Design Your Own Investigation Goal: Students demonstrate their understanding of sinking and floating. Answers Not applicable BLM 5-14, Zebra Mussels — What Would You Do?/Problem Solving Goal: Students find out more about zebra mussels. Answers Look for a depth of reasoning in the answers. The sta- dents should be able to see that this is a complicated problem with no easy solution. The presence of the zebra mussels has upset the balance of the ecosystem. CCopright © MeGrow-Hil Byers Limited.Cora ANSWER KEY 7 BLM 5-15, Buoyant Balloons/ Information Handout Goal Students read the poem about « hot-air bal- Not applicable LM 5-16, Working Underwater Poster/Assessment Goals Students plan a poster to advertise a scuba- diving job. Answers Not applicable. Assessment Checklist 21 will be used to evaluate this piece of work, LM 5-17, Scientific Sketch of Hydrometer/Science Inquiry Goal: Students develop their skill in scientific drawing. Answers ‘Not applicable. Assessment Checklist 12 will be used to evaluate this piece of work. Goal Students demonstrate their understanding of density and buoyancy. Answers Ledabgot 2. Archimedes’ principle states that “the buoyant force acting on a submerged object equals the weight (force of gravity) ofthe fluid displaced by the object”. This means that the mass of water displaced by an object equals the weight of the object. Students may use the example of some- one stepping into a bathtub. 3. () D= 0.79 gem (©) A more accurate way to find the density would be to-use several samples of the wood in dif- ferent sizes. A graph of the results would yield a more accurate density. (© The wood would float on water. 4, Generally, dense things are “stronger” than less dense things. Consider the issue of bones. Bones that are dense are strong and hard to break. On the other hand, bones that are less dense are brit- tle and break easily. 5. (@) D2 105 g/m! (b) The crown is likely made of silver. BLM 5-19, Comical Cartoons/ Assessment Goali Students draw comical cartoons to illustrate ‘ideas from Chapter 5. Answers Not applicable, The Assessment Checklist 16 will be used to evaluate this piece of work. BLM 5.20, Fill in the Blanks/ Vocabulary Check Goal: Students check their understanding of terms from Chapter 5. Answers 1. gravity 2, mass, weight 3. Archimedes’ principle 4. hydrometer 5. volume 6. floating 7. neutral buoyancy 8, displace 9. force 10, density ‘Copyright © McCraw Hil Ryeroa Limited. 309Sn [answen KEY OSOSOSOSOOSCSCSC id BLM 5-21, Word Search/Vocabulary BLM 5-22, Bone Density/ Check Information Handout Goals Students use the Word Search Puzzle to see Goal: Students read this page to learn more about bone density. Answers Not applicable. 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