Module 2 SanMateoMunicipal Coll ege

General LunaSt., Guitnang BayanI, San Mateo, Rizal(02)

997-9070
Communication and Globalization www.smmc.edu.ph

GE001 PurposiveCommunication
Purposive Communication (GE001)

Module 2
Communication and Globalization
.
MODULE SCHEDULE:

This module is scheduled on the 4th week of the current semester for synchronous and
to your second module! asynchronous teaching and learning. Adjustment on the schedule will be made when necessary.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the completion of this module, you should be able to:

This module is a combination of
synchronous & asynchronous learning 1. Describe the nature, elements, and functions of verbal and non-verbal communication.
2. Explain how cultural and global issues affect communication.
Let’s begin! 3. Appreciate the impact of communication on society and the world.
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND
SCIENCES
INPUT INFORMATION:

Communication and Globalization

Globalization communication and assimilation among individuals, ethnicities, races, institutions,

governments of various nations supported by technology and compelled by international trade process of
bringing people together and making them interact and exchange ideas across traditional borders
(Nowaczyk, 2017) increasing economic, political, and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse
cultures (Gamble and Gamble, 2013) ‘flattening’ of the world; in the process, a surprising and lightning-quick
Cedenia F. Fadriquela, LPT,,MEM convergence of technologies allows individuals, not just countries and companies, to communicate from
Instructor anywhere to anywhere, collaborating and competing for the first time on a level-playing field (Friedman,
09214929310 2005) process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different
nations, a driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology
(globalization101.org)

Due to Globalization, people are more exposed to diversity – valuing the uniqueness or differences in
gender, ethnicity, age, religion, education, social and economic status and political beliefs.

Global Village one world interconnected by an electronic nervous system – media (Stewart, 2015)
September 14, 2021
Date Initiated Globalization is not a new process or concept. Years before the advent of technology, people had been
September 28 2021 purchasing and selling properties and other objects of certain value.
Date of
San Completion The ability to communicate effectively in a global setting can be a challenge.

To communicate effectively in a global context, a general understanding of the cultural differences in

conducting communication to avoid miscommunication.

Background and experiences influence views of the world.

San Mateo Municipal College
Gen. Luna St. Guitnang Bayan I, San Mateo, Rizal
Tel. No. (02) 997-9070
www.smmc.edu.ph
IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON COMMUNICATION People in every culture cook their food, eat, ornament their bodies, amuse themselves, and discipline their
1. Virtual Interaction children, but how they execute these differ.
2. Cultural Awareness in Speech Ex. Dog is a delicacy in South China but revolting in the United States.
3. Cultural Awareness in Body Language Most Filipinos eat pork, but Moslems find this offensive.
4. Time Difference What some cultures consider common practice may be taboo to others. Cultural differences should be
recognized and respected.
IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GLOBAL COMMUNICATION
1. Availability of Information 4. Cultures are dynamic
2. Business Conduct Cultures change as cultural contact increases; new technologies emerge and economic conditions vary.
3. Social Awareness Globalization has changed the relationships of nations and governments.
4. The Problem Mobile phones have changed interpersonal communication, and the availability of Internet has affected how
people of varied cultures recognize differences
POSSIBLE CULTURAL BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ON CULTURAL SITUATIONS
1. Cultural relativism 5. Cultural identities are overlapping
2. Lack of knowledge of others’ culture Some cultures work together and others clash.
3. Discrimination and harassment Ex. a Filipino 30-year-old male who belongs to a wealthy family from Cebu, who can speak English and
4. Language differences Cebuano fluently. He is a member of an association of lawyers in Makati – having overlapping cultural
identities. He develops his viewpoint regarding cultural category changes with his age, experience, and
understanding of both people and issues.
The above barriers should be addressed accordingly.
It is the responsibility of the parties involved in the communication process to eliminate the possible WAYS OF ADAPTING TO NEW CULTURES
hindrances in their exchange. The goal of effective global communication is to achieve communication that
gets the desired response leading to harmonious connections. 1. Cultural Integration form of cultural exchange in which one group assumes the beliefs, practices, and
rituals of another group without sacrificing the characteristics of its own culture (Cultures and
STRATEGIES TO BECOME AN EFFECTIVE GLOBAL COMMUNICATOR Traditions, 2017) a positive adaptation because nothing is lost healthy intermingling of the beliefs and
(Krizan, 2014) rituals of two unique cultures
1. Review communication principles 2. Cultural Assimilation occurs when members of 1 cultural group adopt the language, practices, and
2. Analyze the message receiver beliefs of another group, often losing aspects of their traditional culture in the process (Cultures and
3. Be open to accepting of other cultures Traditions, 2017) happens when immigrants voluntarily adopt their new country’s language and cultural
4. Learn about cultures and apply what is learned practices primarily to integrate into society and improve their chances of economic and social gain.
5. Consider language needs Social acceptance by receiving new, dominant culture is often easier for migrating groups whose
culture and appearance more closely resemble those of that receiving majority group. ex. Irish
Culture the learned and shared behaviour of a community of interacting human beings (Useem & Useem, immigrants in the
1963) a system of beliefs, assumptions, and values shared by a group of people (Fielding, 1996) learned set U.S. are absorbed into the dominant white culture because of their westernized looks; while immigrants from
of shared interpretations about beliefs, values, and norms that affect the behaviours of a relatively large Asian countries continue to experience stereotypes that mark them as ‘model minority’ and ‘forever
group of people (Lustig & Koester, 2003) shared patterns of behaviours and interactions, cognitive foreigners’, which are groups that have severe difficulty of fully integrating into the U.S. Society
constructs, and affective understanding that are learned through a process of socialization (Center for
Advanced Research on Language Acquisition) 3. Multiculturalism counterpart to Cultural Assimilation cultural diversity is encouraged and valued as
beneficial to society belief that cultures, races, and ethnicities should be accorded special
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURES acknowledgement of their differences within a dominant political culture. includes engagement with
(Chase & Shamo, 2013) and respect toward people from distinctly different cultures (Gamble & Gamble, 2013)

1. Cultures are learned, not innate
We acquired complete knowledge and understanding of our cultural norms from our parents, teachers,
relatives and friends. ex. A Filipino-born 40-year-old in Japan, who left the Philippines at 10 years old to live
with his parents in Tokyo. He may still have some Filipino traits if his parents practice these at home but will
have more like a Japanese because of his exposure to Japanese culture.
2. Cultures are shared
We act as members of our cultural group because belonging to a culture means adhering to
the norms of the group. Fitting into the group means acceptance and fellowship to provide members with
feelings of security and love. ex. Boys are usually horrified when mistaken for girls, so they live up to the
masculine ideal by going to the gym for body building. The rich do not want to be treated as poor, so they
behave in a manner that befits their status, like driving a luxurious car and eating in posh restaurants.
3. Cultures are multifaceted
We are surrounded by cultural norms that affect language, religion, basic world view, education, technology,
social organization, politics, and law, all interacting with one another.
Behaviors and things common to people who live together in social groups are considered cultural
universals, but the performance of these activities and things differs dramatically from culture to culture.
4. Cultural Accommodation process by which individuals may take on values and beliefs of the host
culture and accommodate them in the public sphere while maintaining the parent culture in the private
sphere (Cultural Accommodation and Negotiation, 2017) ex. Filipinos who migrate to another country
speak Filipino at home, but outside, they use the language of the receiving country. They instill Filipino
moral values in their children as their children absorb moral principles of the adoptive country. to
maintain their cultural identity even while they strive to establish relationship with members of the
dominant culture (Gamble & Gamble, 2013)
5. Separation one cultural group refuses to interact or join the dominant culture prefer to interact with the
members of their own culture, so they are often known as outsiders (Gamble & Gamble, 2013)
GUIDELINES ON DEVELOPING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE
(Chase & Shamo, 2013)
1. Widen your field of experience by making new contacts
Getting to know people from targeted group whose culture differs from yours makes you understand
the group and their culture better.
 2. Learn about history and the experiences and aspirations of people from different cultures
Taking a course or reading books about people of diverse cultures makes you experience
their culture vicariously, allowing you to understand and appreciate them more.
3. Examine yourself for possible stereotypes
Stereotypes and biases result from ignorance about the targeted group.
Being fair-minded and unprejudiced makes you realize the possibility that some of your judgements are
unfair and wrong.
4. Look at the world from someone else’s way of looking at and thinking about
something, not just yours
Be empathic. Try to understand others’ perspective and try to experience what
and how they feel
5. Work on becoming more self-confident
The better we feel about ourselves, the more likely we are to feel good about others, and
the more we are to understand them and learn from them.
6. Appreciate cultural similarities and differences
Use cultural resources. It allows you to understand the members of different cultural groups
and helps you establish better intercultural relationships and interactions.
7. Acknowledge the essential equality and value of all cultures
Never feel superior to people belonging to any other cultural group.
8. Be sensitive and interpret cultural styles of communication
Develop the ability to understand the communication symbols of the target culture –
its verbal language, signs, gesture, body language, and customs.
6. Anxiety fear or apprehension associated with either oral or anticipated communication with people
from another cultural group. Fear is often caused by differences in language ability, verbal and
nonverbal communication styles, and expression of emotions both ‘in-group’ and ‘out-group’ cultures may
experience feelings of impatience, frustration, and suspicion while communicating or even in anticipation of
the interaction, which can increase anxiety in both parties. When high levels of anxiety, natural instinct is to
avoid the situation ex. a new student feels afraid and nervous before the first day of class because he does
not know what to expect from his new classmates and teachers whose cultures are different from him.
IMPACTS OF TECHNOLOGY
1. Technology provides us with unlimited information.
2. It creates opportunities for meeting new people.
3. It helps us keep in touch with family and friends anywhere in the world.
4. It brings new diversity to our culture and our lives.
5. It fosters better cooperation among different cultural groups.
6. It isolates us.
7. It can make us create second lives.
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LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Define globalization using your own words in 30 words.

BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION

(McKiever, 2013; Chase & Shamo, 2013)

1. Ethnocentrism is a belief that a person’s culture is better than any other group’s culture, and
the tendency to judge any ‘out- group’ culture by using the norms of his ‘in-group’ culture.

High Level Ethnocentricity: effect is negative less likely to attempt to interact with
other cultures feel suspicious, defensive and hostile towards others because of the difference in
social and cultural norms
Low Level Ethnocentricity effect is positive become curious, interested and inspired to
interact with the out-group

2. Stereotypes and Prejudices main barriers to intercultural communication negative ________________________________________________________________________

characteristics attributed to 1 group can lead to biases and discrimination against the group the
discriminated group suffers from being rejected and avoided in cross-cultural interactions ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

3. Stereotypes often generalized negative traits assigned to a group of people, such as race, Discuss the good and bad impact of technology on society in 50 words.
nationality, religion, social class, age and sex; even if these traits may only reflect a selected few of the
group generalization of a group of people based on a small sample of these people ex. group of teenage
boys with long, unkempt hair wearing dirty clothes = snatchers generalizations are the results of
experiences, situations seen in videos, movies, and television, things read from newspapers, magazines
and books, and experiences from family, relatives and friends

4. Prejudice offshoot of stereotypes unfair thought, belief, or feeling of dislike for a person
or group because of race, nationality, gender, religion, age, and so on negative preconceived
opinion held by 1 group toward members of another group that biases perception and provides
a reason for discrimination ex. group of teenage boys with long, unkempt hair wearing dirty
clothes = become afraid

5. Assumed similarities baseless, unreasonable refusal to see cultural differences where they exist
happens when members of 1 group assume that all groups behave the same way they do, that what is
true to their culture is also true to all other cultures results in insensitivity to cultural differences ex. a
Filipino, who belongs to a high-contact culture, overlooks the fact that some cultures like that of
Japanese, are low-contact culture. This Filipino feels offended when he stands close to a Japanese,
and the Japanese instinctively moves away; he does not know that Japanese value their personal
space
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ASSIGNMENT
Characterize your own culture in 50 words.

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LEARNING RESOURCES:
Bernalis, R., Balon,W. Purposive Communication in Global Contexts,
Mutya Publishing House, Inc, 2008

1. https://www.pile.com
2. https://youmatter.world