Complete Sindhi Notes

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Sindhi
General History of Sindh and
Sindhi Literature
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The Brief Affairs
General History of Sindh and Sindhi Literature

• The province of Sindh has been designated after the river Sindh (Indus) which literally
created it and has been also its sole means of sustenance.
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• The importance of the river and close phonetical resemblance in nomenclature would make
one consider Sindhu as the probable origin of the name of Sindh.
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• Later phonetical changes transformed Sindhu into Hindu in Pahlavi and into Hoddu in
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Hebrew.
great) rendered it into Indos, hence modern Indus.

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• The Greeks (who conquered Sindh in 125 BC under the command of the Alexander the
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• The prehistoric site of Kot Diji in Sindh has furnished information of high significance for
the reconstruction of a connected story which pushes back the history of Pakistan by at least
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another 300 years, from about 2,500 BC.
• A highly cultured people were trying to assert themselves at Kot Diji one of the most
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developed urban civilization of the ancient world that flourished between the year 25,00 BC
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and 1,500 BC in the Indus valley sites of Moenjodaro and Harappa.
• Alexandra The Great' crossed the hub river through Lasbela on his way back to Babylon
after conquering northwestern India. He mentions the river name as "Arabius".
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• At that time Sindh was in the possession of the Hindus, the last of whose rulers was Raja
Sahasi, whose race, as is reported by native historians, governed the kingdom for over two
thousand years.
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• The Persian monarchs were probably alluded to, for in the sixth century BC Sindh was
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invaded by them.
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• They defeated and slew the monarch in a pitched battle and plundered the province and then
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left.
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• Eight years after his accession to the Persian throne, Darius I, son of Hystaspes extended his
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authority as far as the Indus. This was about 513 BC.
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• The Arab conquest of Sindh by Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 AD gave the Muslims a firm
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foothold on the sub-continent.
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• Muhammad bin Qasim crossed Hub river when he passed through Lasbela on his way to
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Sindh in 711 A.D.
• The description of Hiun Tsang, a Chinese historian, leaves no doubt that the Sindh fell
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without much resistance before the Muslim armies.
• According to Al-Idreesi, the famous city of Al-Mansura was founded during the reign of
Mansur (754-775 AD) the second Khalifa of the Abbasid dynasty.
• Khalifa Harun-al-Rashid (786-809 AD) was able to extend the frontiers of Sindh on its
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western side.
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• For nearly two hundred years since its conquest by Muhammad Bin Qasim, Sindh remained an
integral part of the Umayyad and the Abbasid caliphates.
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• The provincial governors were appointed directly by the central government. History has
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preserved a record of some 37 of them.
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• The Arab rule brought Sindh within the orbit of the Islamic civilization, Sindhi language was
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developed and written in the naskh script.
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• Education became widely diffused and Sindhi scholars attained fame in the Muslim world.
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• Agriculture and commerce progressed considerably.
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• Ruins of Mansura, the medieval Arab capital of Sindh (11 kms south east of Shahdadpur)
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testify to the grandeur of the city and the development of urban life during this period.
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• In the 10th century, native people replaced the Arab rule in Sindh. Samma and Soomra
dynasties ruled Sindh for long.
good administration.
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• These dynasties produced some rulers who obtained fame due to judicious dispensation and
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• Sindh was partially independent and the scene of great disorders till late in the sixteenth
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century when it failed into the hands of Emperor Akbar, and for a hundred and fifty years the
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chiefs paid tribute, but only as often as they were compelled to do so, to the Emperor at Delhi.
• Later the Kalhora clan claiming descent from the house of Abbas and long settled in Sindh
produced religious leaders of whom Main Adam Shah attained prominence in the 16th century.
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• His descendants continued to gather large following and this enabled them to capture
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political power in the north western Sindh under the leadership of Mian Nasir Muhammad.
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This happened in the 2nd half of the 17th century.
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• By the turn of that century, foundations of the Kalhora power were firmly laid in the
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northern Sindh under the leadership of Mian Yar Mohammad.
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• During the reign of his son, Mian Noor Muhammad, lower Sindh with Thatta as its capital
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came under the Kalhora administration (1150 A.H).
• Under the banner of Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur, the Balochis defeated the last Kalhora ruler
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Mian Abdul Nabi in the battle of Halani in 1782 AD.
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• Talpur Amirs regained the parts of Sindh (Karachi, Khairpur, Sabzal Kot and Umar Kot)
which the last Kalhora chief had conceded to the neighboring rulers.
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• By eliminating the foreign interference, which had plagued the Kalhora rule, and by their
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essentially democratic way of governance, the Talpurs were able to take the people into
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confidence and thus achieved. Great many things within a short period of 60 years.
• They built up an excellent system of forts and outposts guarding the frontiers, extended the
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irrigation system, encouraged scholarly pursuits and educational institutions, and promoted
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trade and commerce internally as well as with the neighboring countries.
• The British who came to Sindh also as traders became so powerful in rest of the sub-
continent that in 1843 Sindh lost its independence falling prey to the British imperialistic
policy.
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• The Talpurs were defeated on the battlefields of Miani, Dubba and Kunhera and taken
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prisoners.
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• The conquerors behaved inhumanly with the vanquished as they did with the Muslim rulers
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in India.
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• Charles Napier who commanded the troops subsequently became the first Governor of the
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province of Sindh.
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• The British had conquered Sindh from their bases in Bombay and Kutch and their
supporters were Hindus.
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• Therefore, Sindh was annexed to the Bombay Presidency in 1843 and a constant policy to
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subdue the Muslim majority and to lionize the Hindu minority in Sindh was followed.
• Trade and commerce, Services and education became monopolies in the hands of the
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minority whom with the support of the rulers wrought havoc on Muslims.
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• Within a few years forty percent of the Muslim land holdings passed on to the Hindu
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creditors.
• It was after a long struggle that the cause of Sindh was supported by the Quaid-e-Azam
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Mohammad Ali Jinnah when he brought in his famous 14-points the demand of Sindh's
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separation from Bombay Presidency. H.H. Sir Agh Khan, G.M. Syed, Sir Abdul Qayyum
Khan (NWFP) and many other Indian Muslim leaders also played their pivotal rule that was
why the Muslims of Sindh succeeded in getting Sindh separated from the Bombay Presidency
in 1936.
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• Sindh was a province of British India from 1936 to 1947.
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• The independence and passage of the resolution joining Pakistan in the Sindh Assembly,
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Sindh becoming part of Pakistan in 1947.
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• The province was merged into the province of West Pakistan in 1955 under the One Unit
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policy announced by Prime Minister Chaudhry Mohammad Ali.
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• Sindh is one of the four provinces of Pakistan.
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• Sindh is located in the southeastern region of the country.
• Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by total area and the second-largest province
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by population after Punjab.
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• The total area of Sindh is 140,914 km².
• Sindh is bordered by Baluchistan in the west and by Punjab in the northeast.
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• Sindh is bordered by Rajasthan and Gujarat, Indian states, in the east.
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• Sindh is bordered by Arabian Sea in the south.
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• Sindh is in the western corner of south Asia.
• Rural Area of Sindh is 56.63%.
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• Urban Area of Sindh is 43.37%.
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• Forest covered area of Sindh is 1.25%.
• There are total seven divisions in Sindh.
• There are total 30 districts in Sindh.
• Total rivers in Sindh are four.
• Provincial bird of Sindh is Black Patridge. 6
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• Provincial animal of Sindh is Sindh Ibex.
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• Provincial tree of Sindh is Neem Tree.
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• Provincial flower of Sindh is Water Hyacinth.
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• Provincial game of Sindh is Malakhro.
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• Total coastline of Sindh is not confirmed. It is 320km, 350km or 250km. Different data is
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available on different sources.
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• There are total 3 barrages in Sindh.
• Kirthar Range is situated in Sindh.
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• Approximately there are 1200 Lakes in Sindh.
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• Magroves forest are located in Thatta.
• There are two forts inside Rani Kot.
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• The names of forts inside the Rani Kot are: MeeriKot and Shergarh.
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• Port Qasim Authority was established through an act on June 29, 1973.
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• Moen Jo Daro was excavated by Sir John Marshal in 1922.
• It is quoted in the book akhbar-ul-ta'waal" that sindh is named after the name of grand-son
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of Hazrat Noah-A.S.
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• The ancient people of Sindh used to pray Mother goddess.
• Sir Creek Line is a strip of water that separates Sindh and Rajasthan.
• Sindh Sagar Doab is a tract of land lying between the Indus River and Jhelum River.
• The word 'DOAB' is of Persian origin signifying the region between two rivers.
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• It is believed that from the lineage of AHL-E-BAIT 'Abdullah Bin Muhammad was the first
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to enter in Sindh.
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• Abdullah Bin Muhammad was the Fatimid preacher in Sindh.
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• From the lineage of Abbasids, Musa Bin Kaa'ab was the first to come in Sindh.
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• The Indus River is also called Abasin River (A Pashto word which means father of rivers).
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• Sindh was first province to demand the separate homeland for Muslims of India.
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• From sindh the Lahore resolution was seconded by G.M.SYED, Khanbahadur Muhammad,
Ayub Khuhro and Afzal Khan Khero
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• The first map of Sindh was drawn by Ibn e-Hooqal.
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• The Gorakh Hill Station's height is 5,688 feet.
• During the invasion of Sindh by Mughal emperor, the Sindh was ruled by Mirza Jani Baig
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Argon.
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• Capital of Sindh was al-Masurah (45 miles north to Hyderabad) during the Umayyad and
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Abbasid Dynasties.
• Capital of Sindh was Khudabad during Kalhora period.
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• Geographically Sindh is divided into three regions Siro, Wicholo & Larr.
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• Shah Abdul Latif born in 1689 and died in 1752.
• Dr. Hotchand Molchand Gurbakhani did Ph.D from London in 1928.
• Rohri city was founded by Syed Rukin-ud-Din in 1297.
• First Sindhi movie is Umer Marvi.
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• General Hosh Muhammad Sheedi raised the slogan “‫”مرویسوں پر سنڌ نہ ڏيسوں‬.
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• The first politican who demanded separation of Sindh from Bombay was Harchand Rai
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Wishand during the meeting of All India Congress in 1913.
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Thomas Roe, the English ambassador who visited India during the time of Jahangir, advised
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East India Company to build commercial relations with Sindh.
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• The goods which were imported from Sindh were textile, yarn and swatters.
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• When in 1615 the Company established a factory in Thatta, its main purpose was to export
textile to England and to have commercial contact through Lahribandar to the coastal towns
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of India and Persian Gulf.
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• The first English factory lasted 37 years in Sindh.
• It was closed in 1662 and the reason behind its closure was that it was not a profit-making
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venture.
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• After the factory’s closure, for next 96 years no attempt was made to renew trade relations
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with Sindh.
• Sir Haji Abdullah Haroon Memon supported Pakistan Resolution from Sindh.
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• The 33rd and the current Governor of Sindh is Imran Ismail, in office since 27th August
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2018.
• Former Chief Secretary Fazul-ur-Rehman served as the caretaker Chief Minister of Sindh
(2nd June-18th Aug, 2018).
• There have been 7 caretaker Chief Ministers of Sindh since its creation as a separate
province. 9
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• Murad Ali Shah was re-elected for the second time as the Chief Minister of Sindh (36th CM
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Sindh after the separation of the province from Bombay and 31st CM Sindh after the creation
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of Pakistan) on 18th August 2018.
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• The epithets of Sindh are: Mehran, Gift of Indus, Gateway to Islam (Bab-ul-Islam).
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• Three climatic regions of Sindh are: Siro (Upper region centered on Jacobabad) Wicholo
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(Middle region centered on Hyderabad) and Lar (Lower region centered on Karachi).
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• The major dialects in Sindhi are Six: Sireli, Vicholi, Lari, Thari, Lasi & Kachhi.
• • The Sindhi Language Authority was established in 1990 for the promotion of Sindhi.
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• Hassan Ali Effendi is the founder of Sindh Madrasat-ul Islam in Karachi. Sindh Madrasat-ul
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Islam was instituted in Bolton Market in 1885.
• Quaid-e-Azam stayed in Sindh Madrasat-ul Islam from 1887 to
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1892 which was the maximum period he spent in an educational institution
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• Sindh Madrasat-ul Islam was upgraded to Sindh Muslim College in 1943.
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• The Viceroy of British India Lord Duffren inaugurated the Sindh Madrasat-ul Islam's
historical main building on November 14th, 1887.
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• Muhammad Ayub Khuhro from Larkana was the first Chief Minister of Sindh (from 16th
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August 1947 to 28th April 1948).
• Hamida Khuhro was the daughter of Ayub Khuhro.
• She served as twice Sindh's Minister for Education and as a Professor of History at Sindh
University.
• She died on 12 February, 2017. 10
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• Sindhi Topi-Ajrak Day was celebrated for the first time on 6th December, 2009.
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• Sindhi is the official language of Sindh.
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• Sindhi Language Bill, 1972 gives Sindhi status of official language in the province.
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• University of Sindh is in Jamshoro.
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• It is one of the oldest universities in Pakistan since 1947.
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• Current vice chancellor of University of Sindh: Professor Dr.Muhammad Siddique Kalhoro.
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• In 1739, Sindh was annexed to Persian Empire when Nadir Shah attacked Sindh and annexed
to his empire, but after his death, in 1748 Sindh was again separated.
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• Based on 6th Census of 2017, the population of Karachi has increased from 9.339 million in
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1998 to 14.91 million in the latest Census.
• Kunri city of Sindh is the biggest red chili market in Pakistan. It is also called the red chili
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capital of Asia.
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• Hirabad buildings are famous in Hyderabad.
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• Shiv Temple is in Hyderabad which was first built in 1895 and then rebuilt in 1945.
• Mian Ghulam Shah built the Shah Makki to fortify the tomb of Sufi Saint Hazrat Shah
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Makki.
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• Gorakh Hill station is the Murree of Sindh.
• The industrial areas in Sindh are: Karachi, Nooriabad and Kotri.
• The Sindh Industrial and Trading Estate was established in 1947 on the specific condition
that factory effluents would be treated according to the Factories Act of 1934.
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• When Muhammad bin Qasim came to India in the year 712 he captured the city of Debul.
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• Golarchi is a city of district Badin.
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• Tando Akram was the old name of Golarchi.
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• Golarchi was called as Shaheed Fazil Rahu City.
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• South Asia's first tramway system was laid down in 1900 in Karachi.
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• Hyderabad served 8 years (from 1947 to 1955) as the capital of Sindh.
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• The meaning of word "Sukkur" is Superior.
• The largest psychiatric hospital in Pakistan is Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry commonly
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known as Giddu Bandar mental Hospital.
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• Latif Award is given by Department of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities, government of
Sindh to the best researchers and singers of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai who made extraordinary
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work in Arts and Research field related with mystic poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Sindhi
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language and Sindhi music.
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• This award is a highest cultural decoration given by Government of Sindh.
• The award is given on Urs of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai each year.
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• Latif Award is a unique golden model of Tamboro, a stringed music instrument, which is said
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to be invented by Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai himself.
• Mir Ali Murad Khan was first to publish Sachal's book, 'Diwan-i-Aashkara'.
• Sachal Sarmast Yadgar Committee was set-up in 1970.
• Sachal Library is located in Khairpur which was established back in 2010.
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• Sachal Sarmast was born in 1739 AD in Daraza, Khairpur, Sindh.
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• Sachal died in 1827 in Daraza, Khairpur, Sindh.
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• The father name of Sachal Sarmast was Mian Abdul Haq Farooqi (Mian Salahuddin).
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• 'Sachal Sarmast' means Ecstatic Saint of Truth.
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• Sachal Sarmast is popularly called Haft Zaban Shair (Poet of 7 languages: Arabic, Sindhi,
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Saraiki, Punjabi, Urdu, Persian and Balochi).
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• Sachal Sarmast was the poet during Mughal Dynasty (Sub-continent) and Kalhora-Talpur
Dynasty (Sindh).
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• Diwan-i-Aashkara, Dard Nama, Raznama, and Sartaj-us-Shuara are by Sachal Sarmast.
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• Mir Rustam Khan Talpur built the mausoleum over the grave of Sachal Sarmast.
• Sachal Sarmast is commonly known as the second Mansoor Hallaj.
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• The real name of GM Syed was Ghulam Murtaza Syed.
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• He was born on 17th January, 1904 in Sann, Jamshoro and died on 25th April 1995.
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• The father name of Ghulam Murtaza Syed was Syed Muhammad Shah.
• GM Syed founded 'Sindh Hari Committee' in 1931.
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• GM Syed joined All India Muslim League in 1938.
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• GM Syed was appointed as the President of Sindh Muslim League in 1943.
• Bazm-e-Soofia-e-Sindh was set up by Ghulam Murtaza Syed in 1966.
• Watayo Faqeer (Birth name: Watan Mal) and (Birth place: Tajpur Village) near the city of
Nasarpur, a legendary character of Sindh, was born on January 13th, 1768.
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• His Islamic name was Tahir Sheikh.
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• Names of his brothers were Wasayo & Waryo.
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• His tomb is in Tando Allahyar.
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• He died in 1843.
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• Shah Inayat Shaheed, a saint and warrior of Miranpur War (1127 AH) was born in Jhoke
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Sharif (Miran Pur).
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• Shah Inayat was killed on January 7, 1718, in Thatta under orders of then governor Azam
Khan.
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• Inayat's anti-feudal slogan is 'Jo Kherey So khaaye' (he who tills has the foremost right to
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eat).
• Mirza Qaleech Baig, the legendary scholar was born on October 4, 1853 and died on July
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3rd, 1929 in Tando Thoro, Hyderabad.
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• He is the author of approximately 457 books (22 books are on Persian prose and poetry).
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• He was awarded with Qaiser-e-Hind medal in 1906.
• The British Govt conferred the title of “Shams-ul-Ulema and Khan Bhadar" on Qaleech in
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1924.
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• Qaleech Baig Chair was built in July 2008 at the Faculty of Arts, University of Sindh,
Jamshoro.
• The poet of young hearts was Hassan Dars.
• The first Sindhi host on Pakistan Television was Shamsherul Haidery in 1970.
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• First written Sindhi book is Muqdamat ul Salat by Makhdom Abul Hasan Thatvi.
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• Quran was translated in Sindhi first time by Akhund Aziz Ullah Memon.
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• Al-beruni discussed about Indus Blind Dolphin in his book "Kitab ul Hind".
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• Sindh was annexed by British on 7th Feb 1843.
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• Muhammad in Qasim ruled on Sindh for four years.
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• Official language of sindh was Arabic in this era.
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• Qalandar Lal Shahbaz came in Sindh for preaching in the period of Soomra.
• First ruler of Sindh from Samaa family was Jaam Ferozuddin.
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• Kazi Qadan belonged to the Samma Dynasty.
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• Argoon came in Sindh from Qandhar.
• Mughal Emperor Akbar was born in Umar Kot, Sindh.
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• Sheikh Ayaz is called as "Latif Sani.
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• Real name of Sheikh Ayaz is Mubarkh Ali Sheikh.
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• Sheikh Ayaz belonged to Shikarpur.
• He had been the vice chancellor of Sindh University.
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• Shaikh Ayaz wrote poetic drama (Man Zoom Drama).
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• He also wrote Dod-e-Soomre Jo Mot (‫)دودي سومري جو موت‬, Rani Kot Ja Dharel (‫رني ڪوٽ‬
‫ & )جا ڌاڙيل‬Bhaghat Singh Khe Phasi (‫)ڀڳت سنگھ کي ڦاسي‬.
• Full name of Ustad Bukhari is Ahmed Shah Bukhari.
• Real name of Tanveer Abbasi is Noor Nabi.
• Ghazal came to Sindhi poetry from the Persian language. 15
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• Haiku was Japani poetry then adopted by literature of different languages including Sindhi
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literature.
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• Sindhi poet Soz Halai passed away on 21 Febryary 2018.He belonged to Hala, Hyderabad.
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• Hyder Bux Jatoi was Sindhi writer and poet he was known as 'Baba -e-Sindh (Father of
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Sindh).
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• Book “Mashrqi Shairi Ja Fani Qadur aen Rujhanat” (‫مشرقي شاعريَء جا فني قدر ۽‬
‫ )رجحانات‬is written by Molana Ghulam Muhammad Girami.
Sindhi literature.
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• Tirael was poetry of France then adopted by literature of different languages including
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• Mahya twas also adopted by Sindhi literature.
• Shaikh Ayaz wrote Mahya in Sindhi.
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• Haider bux jatoi was first poet who wrote Shikwa in Sindhi poetry.
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• Muhammad Ibrahim joyo, Weteran Sindhi Scholar, Educationalist and literary giant died
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9th November 2017 at the age of 102 years.
• Save Sindh, Save the Continent: From Feudal Lords, Capitalists and Their Communalisms is
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the book written by Muhammad Ibrahim joyo.
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• Sindh Jaa Mon Sapnan Me Sochi (‫ )سنڌ جا مون سپنن سوچي‬main Sochi was written by
Muhammad Ibrahim Joyo.
• 1st International Conference on Sindh Studies was held on 20-21 November 2017 by Institute
of Sindhology, Jamshoro.
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• Altaf Sheikh is known as Ibn-e-Batuta of Sindh/Sindhi literature.
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• Man from Mohenjo Daro was the title of Sobho Gianchandi. He was Sindhi social scientist
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and revolutionary writer.
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• He was the student of Rabindranth Tagore, a noble Laurate from Bengal.
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• Sobho died on 8th December 2014 at the age of 94 years.
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• 'Kithe Ta Bhajbo Thak Musafir (‫ )ڪٿي تہ ڀڄبو ٿڪ مسافر‬is the Autobiography of Sheikh
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Ayaz.
• Qazi Abdul Jalil is the real name of Amar Jaleel.
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• Bilo Dada is the famous story book of Ayaz Qadri.
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• Shah Jo Phar, Pisho Pasha (‫ & )پشو پاشا‬Badmash (‫ )بدمعاش‬are famous stories of Jamal
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Abro. Gorkhy of Sindh is the title of Jamal Abro.
• Ham Ost (‫)ھم اوست‬, Ondhahi Dharti Roshan Hath'a (Dark Land, Bright Hands) are the
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famous novels of Agha Saleem.
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• Manik (‫ )ماڻڪ‬was famous story wrtiter of Sindhi literature. His full name was Muneer
Ahmed Memon. He passed away on December 10, 2018.
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• 'Karbala' and 'Jala Watan' are the famous stories of Noor-ul-Huda Shah.
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• 'Uhe deenh Uhe Sheenh' is the famous book of Pir Ali Muhammad Rashdi.
• 'Shah Ki Shayri Mein Aurat Ka Roop" is the famous book of Dr. Fahmeeda Hussain.
• 'Rehji Wayal Manzar' (‫ )رهجي ويل منظر‬is the famous book of Tariq Alam Abro.
• Sindhi poet and writer, Dr Abdul Qayum Malik aka Mansoor Malik died in 2011.
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• 'Tadbeer-e-Latif' is a novel of Bano Qudsia.
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• 'Muqadam-e-Latifi' is the book of Dr Hotchand Molchand Gurbakshani.
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• Maulai Shaidai wrote, “Jannat-al-Sindh'.
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• The first Afsana of Sindhi is 'Sudhatori and Kudhatori' by Miran Muhammad.
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• Shaikh Ayaz is considered as the greatest Sindhi poet of the 20th century.
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Sindhi
Shah
Abdul Latif Bhittai
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
SHAH ABDUL LATIF BHITTAI

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• Shah Abdul Latif is the greatest poet, born in Bhit shah, near Hala in 1689.
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• Collection of his poetry is known as "SHAH JO RISALO".
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• He died at age of 63 years in 1752.
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• Shah Habib is the name of his father.
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• Shah Abdul Karim Bulrri Waro was the grandfather of Latif.
• Special Khalifa of Shah Abdul Latif was Timar Faqeer and his real name was Haji Ali.
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• Horse name of SHAH ABDUL LATIF WAS "CHANGAL".
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• Madan Baghat was Hindu poet of Sindhi language and one of the close friends of SHAH
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ABDUL LATIF.
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• When SHAH ABDUL LATIF was young man, Mian Noor Muhammad Kalhoro was the
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ruler of Sindh.
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• When SHAH ABDUL LATIF was old, MIAN GHULAM SHAH KALHORO was the ruler of
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SINDH.
• SUFI SHAH INAYAT SHAHEED'S (SUFI FRIEND OF LATIF) URS is celebrated on "14
SAFAR".
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• URS Of SHAH ABDUL LATIF is celebrated on 14TH OF URS (RAB-UL-AWAL) every

year.
• On 22 September 2021, 278th URS OF SHAH ABDUL LATIF was celebrated.
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• TIMAR FAQEER took care of "TANBORO "of SHAH ABDUL LATIF after his death.
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I
• During the attack of AHMED SHAH ABDALI ON SINDH, age of LATIF was 56 years.
A
• During the attack of AHMED SHAH DURANI on Sindh, age of LATIF was 58 years.
RISALO.
FF
• ATTAL & CHANCHAL were two singers who helped LATIF in collection of SHAH JO
A
• SHAH JO RISALO is kept in museum of London which was collected by DR.TRUMP.
F
• The first collection of SHAH JO RISALO is known as "GANJ".
E
I
• It was in custody of TIMAR FAQEER, afterwards it was in the custody of his family.
R
• GANJ" means "TREASUR" (KHAZANA).
B
• GANJ RISALO was collected by ABDUL AZEEM famously known as "WADDA SHAH".
E
• GANJ was first time published in 1792, after 40 years death of SHAH ABDUL LATIF.
• 1ST SUR of GANJI is "SUR SASSUI".
T H
• There are thirty SUR (CHAPTERS) in SHAHJO RISALO.
• SHAH ABDUL LATIF was the poet of KALHORA PERIOD.
• "SHAH ADUL LATIF of BHITT" book was written by DR.H.T.SORLEY.
2
The Brief Affairs
• Full name of DR.H.T.SORLEY is HERBERT TOWER SORLEY.

• The first PHD on SHAH ABDUL LATIF was that of DR.H,T SORLEY.
• SHAH ABDUL LATIF of BHIT was translated into Sindhi by ATTA MUHAMMAD
BHABHRO as "BHIT JO SHAH".
R S
I
• SHAH ABDUL LATIF went to meet KHAWAJA MUHAMMAD ZAMAN LANWARI
A
WARO in his last years of his life.
F
• AKHUND NOOR MUHAMMAD BHATTI was the 1" Teacher of LATIF.
in UMERKOT.
A F
• "SHAH JI SOORMI-MOOMAL AND MOOMAL JI MAARRI" associated with her story is
F
• In "SUR GHATO", LATIF wrote poetry on "KALACHI JO KUN".
I E
• It is located near KIYAMANI IN Karachi.
R
• Mian Wali Muhammad son of Akhund Noor Muhammad Bhatti gave the funeral bath
B
(Ghusal) to Latif after his death.
• ATTAL & CHANCHAL" gave the names of chapters (sur) of Shah Jo Risalo.
H E
• First time Shah Jo risalo was published in 1866 in Leipzig Germany.
• It was published by EARNEST TRUMP.
T
• One of the Soormo of latif was Mehar. His grave is in Shahdadpur.
• One of the Soormo of LATIF was Jam Tamachi. His title was Sultan Rukun-u-din.
• SHAH LATIF always accompanied three books with himself-SHAH KARIM
JO RISALO, QURAN & Masnavi Rumi.
3
The Brief Affairs
• Suhni, a Soormi of SHAH ABDUL LATIF, is engraved in Shahdadpur.

• A famous hypothetical story that SHAH ABDUL LATIF threw away his "SHAH JO
RISALO "in the lake. The name of that lake is "Karrar Dhandh".
S
• Only female who collected SHAH JO RISALO was "Mai Muli Naima."
R
I
• Eedan Razo was man belonged to SUKKAR that built the tomb of LATIF.
A
• Urdu translation of SHAH JO RISALO is done by Shaikh Ayaz & Agha Saleem.
FF
• Siraeki translation of SHAH JO RISALO is done by Ustad Laghari.
• English translation of SHAH JO RISALO is done by Elsa Kazi, a German lady married to
Allama I.I.Kazi, & Amena Khamesani.
A
F
• SAHAL SARMAST was 13 years when LATIF died.
E
I
• There are only 22 sur (chapters) in SHAH JO RISALO collected by Earnest Trump.
R
• There are 5 Sur (chapters) in SHAH JO RISALO about SUHNI.
B
• Ancestors of LATIF came to Sindh in the reign of Amir Taimor.
E
• SHAH ABDUL LATIF wrote only Wai & Bait.
H
• Village of "Marai”, a soormi of LATIF, is near Nangar Parkar, Thar.
T
• Paigham-e-LATIF is the book of 'G.M.SYED'.
• SHAH LATIF Ji Shairy is the book written by Tanveer Abbasi.
• Abdul Majeed Bhurgari brought SHAH JO RISALO in E-book version for the first time on
4
the internet.
The Brief Affairs
• Ancestors of Latif belonged to Hirat.

• Allama I.I.Qazi compared SHAH ABDUL LATIF with Shakespeare.
• Niaz Humayooni translated 7 sur (chapters) of SHAH JO RISALO in Persian.
S
• Gul Muhammad Khatri produced art works in the form of portraits, landscape and
R
I
calligraphic illustrations of poetry of SHAH ABDUL LATIF BHITTAI. Therefore, he is also
A
known as Musawar-e-Latif.
FF
• SHAH JO RISALO is translated into Arabic by DR. Fazal Raheem Soomro.
• Kirtaal Singh translated SHAH JO RISALO into Punjabi.
A
• SHAH LATIF chair was established in Karachi University in 1986.
F
• Nadir shah attacked Sindh during the period of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai.
E
R I
B
H E
T
5
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
ARAB PERIOD
712 A.D TO 1050 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
ARAB PERIOD: 712 A.D TO 1050 A.D
• The Arab conquest of Sindh by Muhammad Bin Qasim on 2nd July 712 A.D gave the
S
IR
Muslims a firm foothold on the sub-continent. Muhmmad bin Qasim born on 31st December,
695 A.D. The father name of Muhammad Bin Qasim was Qasim bin Yusuf Saqfi.
A
• Zubaidah Bint-e-Hajjaj is the name of Muhammad bin Qasim's spouse.
F
F
• Amroo was the son of Muhammad bin Qasim.
A
• Muhammad bin Qasim made Mansoura, the capital city of Sindh.
F
• Muhammad bin Qasim died on: 18th July 715 A.D.
I E
• Muhammad bin Qasim's expedition was the 3rd attempt by Arabs.
R
• Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh at the age of 17.
B
• Muhammad bin Qasim was the son-in-law and nephew of Hajjaj bin Yousuf Saqfi.
E
• Hajjaj bin Yusuf Saqfi was the Governor of Iraq.
H
• Walid-I, Umayyad Caliph was the caliph of of Islam when Muhammad bin Qasim entered
T
Sindh.
• According to Al-Idreesi, the famous city of Al-Mansura was founded during the reign of
Mansur (754-775 AD) the second Khalifa of the Abbasid dynasty.
1
The Brief Affairs
• Khalifa Harun-al-Rashid (786-809 AD) was able to extend the frontiers of Sindh on its
western side.
• For nearly two hundred years since its conquest by Muhammad Bin Qasim, Sindh remained
an integral part of the Umayyad and the Abbasid caliphates.
S
• Sindhi language was developed and written in the naskh script.
IR
• Education became widely diffused and Sindhi scholars attained fame in the Muslim world.
A
• We find a hypothesis that 1st Sindhi poetry was found during Arab period.
F
• Chach Namo is the 1st book of Sindhi History, and then it was translated by Ali Hamid Kofi
F
in Persian in 1216.
A
• Some writers are of view that it was first written by Imam Ibrahim in Arabic.
F
• Chach Namo is also known as Fateh Namo.
I E
• Chacha was the name of father of Raja Dahlr.
B R
H E
T
2
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
SOOMRA DYNASTY
1025 A.D TO 1350 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
SOOMRA DYNASTY: 1025 A.D TO 1352 A.D

• Ibn-e-Soomro is said to be founder of Soomra Dynasty in Sindh.
• Al-Khafif is also said to be the first ruler of Soomra Dynasty.
• Allaudin Khilji invaded Sindh during this period.
S
IR
• Dodo Soomro is said to be martyred in the fight against Allauddin Khilji.
A
• The last ruler of Soomro Dynasty in Sindh was (ARMEEL) Hameer Soomro.
FF
• Soomra period is known as initial period of development of Sindhi literature.
A
• Only poetry not prose, developed in this period.
F
• We find 1st women poetess Mai Markhan Shaikhir who used to write and sing Geech now
E
called Sehra.
I
• We find Ballads (Ghaah), Epic (Rizmya poetry) and Ginann poetry in this period.
R
B
• 1st Sindhi Alphabet was created in this period by Khawaja Sadruddin Ismaeeli.
•The Sindhi Alphabet was known as Khawajki Sindhi or 40 akhri.
E
• Bhagho Bhan, Samang Charran and Pir Sadruddin are important poets of this period.
H
T
• 7 Soormion of SHAH LATIF belonged to this period except Noor.
• Including: Marvi, Laila, Sassui, Moomal, Suhni and Sorath.
• There were two Sindhi women rulers -Tarri Bbai & Hamoon Bbal.S
• 1st Capital was Mansura during Soomra Dynasty.
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
SAMMA DYNASTY
1350 A.D TO 1521 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
SAMMA DYNASTY: 1350 A.D TO 1521 A.D
• This period is known to be a period of liberal development of Sindhi Literature.
S
IR
• This period is famous for ” Qazi Qadan jo Dor” because he is known as the father of Sindhi
poetry.
A
• Qazi Qadan (1463 to 1551) is known to be the poet of the Samma dynasty during its last
F
F
period & the initial period of the Argoon Dynasty,
A
• Dr.Daudpoto is of the view that Qazi Qadan belonged to Sehwan.
F
• Dr. Nabi Bux is of the view that Qazi Qadan belonged to Bakhar.
I E
• Mahdavi Movement was found in this period, movement run by Miran Muhammad
R
Mahdavi.
B
• Qazi Qadan was influenced by this movement.
E
• We also find Mamoo' in JA Bait in this period.
H
• Important poets of this period are Qazi Qadan, Mamoi Faqeer, and Ishaq Aahngar, etc.
T
• Shah Abdul Latif had an impact on his poetry of Qazi Qadan.
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Argon: 1521 A.D to 1555 A.D
Turkhan: 1555 A.D to 1592 A.D
Mughal Period: 1592 A.D to 1700 A.D

SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Argon: 1521 A.D to 1555 A.D

Turkhan: 1555 A.D to 1592 A.D
R S
Mughal Period: 1592 A.D to 1700 A.D
A I
FF
• They all were foreign rulers. So Sindh literature could not develop under these eras.
A
• Shah Abdul Karim Bulri Waro (1538-1623) was the poet of the Turkhan Dynasty.
F
• We find his poetry in ‘Bian-ul-Aarfeen’.
IE
• He is known as Mubashar of SHAH ABDUL LATIF, Sindh jo “CHAUSAR” & Sindhi Adab
R
Jo “Wihao Taro”.
B
• Mian SHAH Inayat Rizvi (1644-1713) mainly belongs to the Mughal period.
E
• 1st ever Sindhi Risalo was Me’ an Shah Inayat Jo Risalo ’22’ Sur (chapters). He is known as
H
Mojid (founder) of Wai.
T
• Shah Inayat Sufi Shaheed (1656-1718) mainly belongs to the Mughal period.
• He is titled as ‘1st Socialist of Sindh‘ by Mir Hisamuddin Rashdi. His slogan was ‘Jo kherre
so khae’. His tomb in jhok sharif.
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
KALHORA PERIOD
1700 A.D TO 1782 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
KALHORA PERIOD
1700 A.D TO 1782 A.D
RS
I
• It is known as the ‘Golden period of Sindhi period’.
A
• Shah Abdul Latif belongs to this period.
F
• The second development of the Sindhi alphabet was made in this period.
F
• Makhdhoom Abdul Hassan made another Sindhi Alphabet.
A
• He wrote the first book Sindhi Alphabet ‘Muqaddam-e-Salat’.
F
• Urrozi poetry in Sindhi started in this period.
IE
• Ghazal started in this period.
• Noor Muhammad Khasta is said to be the 1st Sindhi poet who wrote Ghazal.
R
• Madah, Manajat, Seengar, Maujiza, Molood, etc, poetry started in this period.
B
• Khuwaja Muhammad Zaman was contemporary of Shah Abdul latif. He is known as
E
‘Sultan- ul-Auliya’.
H
• Poetry of Khuwaja Muhammad Zaman is in Book ‘Abyat-e-Sindhi’.
T
• Kalhora Dynasty was founded by Mian Yar Muhammad Kalhoro.
• Mian Abdul Nabi Kalhoro was the last Kalhora ruler.
1
• Ghulam Shah Kalhoro ordered construction of the Shrine of Shah Abdul Latif
Bhittai.
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
TALPUR PERIOD
1782 A.DTO 1844 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
TALPUR PERIOD
1782 A.DTO 1844 A.D
• It is known as 'Miran jo dor’.
S
IR
• It is also known as ‘Sachal Sarmast Jo Dor’.He was an Important poet of this period.
• Urs of Sachal Sarmast is celebrated on 14th Ramzan every year.
• Sachal Sarmast’s real name was Abdul Wahab.
F A
F
• In 2021, the 200th Urs of Sachai Sarmast was celebrated.
A
• Sachal Sarmast belonged to Daraza, Khairpur.
F
• Sachal used “Aashkar” as his title in Persian history.
I E
• Sachal is commonly known as ‘Haft Zibanshayar” poet of 7 languages.
R
• Syed Sabit Ali shah founded Marsio In this period.
B
• Akhund Azizullah Muttalawai translated the Quran first time In Sindhi in this period.
E
• This translation of the Quran is said to be the start of Sindhi prose,
H
• Sami another Important poet of Sindhi mainly belong to this period,
T
• The real name of Sami was Bhal Chain Rae Lund.
• Sami belongs to Shikarpur.
• The poetry of Sami is Knowns as ‘Salook”.
• Shah, Sachal & Sami are called as (Trimurti of Sindhi literature). 1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
BRITISH PERIOD
1843 A.D TO 1947 A.D
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
BRITISH PERIOD
1843 A.D TO 1947 A.D
S
• Sindhi was made the official language in Sindh by the Britishers.
I R
• 52-akhri alphabet in Sindhi-Arabic style was created in this period.
A
• 1st Sindhi book-‘Baab-Namo’ (Darsi book) was published after the Sindhi alphabet was
created.
F F
A
• Baab Namo was written by Nande Ram Meerani.
F
• Mirza Qaleech Baig belongs to this period. He is the father of Sindhi literature and prose.
I E
• ‘Sao Pan Ya Karo Pan’ is the autobiography of Mirza Qaleech Balg.
BR
• The first English Sindhi dictionary was written by Deputy Collector of Sindh George Stack.
• The first book on criticism in Sindhi was “Meezan-ul Shair” by Syed Fazil Shah.
E
• Sir Henry Bartle Frere was commissioner of Sindh who ordered for the creation of Sindhi
H
T
alphabet.
• Sindhi alphabet was created In 1853.
• Mr. Elis was the head of the committee to create the Sindhi alphabet.
• The first novel of Sindhi is Raseelas by Samuel Johnson translated by Sadhu Naval Rae &
Munshi Udharam Thanwar Das.
• 1st drama of Sindhi is Laila Majnoo by Mirza Qaleech Baig. 1
The Brief Affairs
• 1st Afsaana of sindhi is “Sudhatori & Khudhatori” by Miran Muhammad.

1st essay book in Sindhi is ‘Maqalat-ul-Hikmat’ a book of Francis bacon translated by Marza
Qaleech Baig.
• Mirza Qaleech Baig is the ‘shams-ul-Ulema’ (sun of scholars) of Sindh.
• Bedal Faqeer & Bekas Faqeer belonged to Rohri.
R S
• John Keats of Sindh is Bekas.
A I
F
• Real name of Bedal Faqeer is Qadir Bux Bedal.
A F
• Real name of Bekas Faqeer is Muhammad Mohsin Bekas.
• Umar-bin-Daudpoto, of Talti—Dadu, also remained member of Pakistan Public Service
Commission from 1950 to 1955.
I E F
R
• Dr. Hotchand Molchand Gurbuxani was the 1st Ph.D. from Sindh.
B
• His Ph.D. was from London university in 1928 on the topic “mysticism In-English poetry”
E
• 'Muqaddam-e-latifi’ is a famous book by Dr. Gurbuxani.
H
• Britishers captured Sindh in 1843.
T
2
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Karachi in brief with
important religious and
other sites.
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Karachi In Brief
• Karachi is in Pakistan.
• Karachi is in Sindh province.
S
• There are seven divisions of Sindh: Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Mirpur Khas,
Banbhore/Thatta and Shaheed Benazirabad.
I R
A
• Karachi is among one of the divisions of Sindh.
• There are 30 districts of Sindh.
FF
A
• Karachi Division comprises these districts: Karachi East, Karachi, West, Karachi South,
F
Karachi Central, Malir, Korangi and Kemari.
IE
• Government type: Metropolitan Corporation
R
• Government Body: Government of Karachi
B
• Mayor: None (vacant)
E
• Deputy mayor: None (vacant)
H
• Administrator Karachi : Murtaza Wahab
T
• Commissioner: Muhammad Iqbal Memon
• Area of Karachi is: 3,780 km2 (1,460 sq mi)
• Karachi is the number one populated city of Sindh as well as Pakistan.
1
• Karachi is set to become the world’s 4th largest city, with a population reaching 23.1
The Brief Affairs
million in 2035, according to a United States intelligence report, which is issued every four
years. Karachi’s current population is estimated at 14.91 million as per UNDP’s 2018 figures,
S
and it occupies 12th place in the ranking of the world’s most populous cities.
IR
• According to the 2017 national census, Karachi's total population was 16,051,521, with 14.9
A
million of that figure residing in the urban areas of the city.
F
• Demonym(s): Karachiite
F
• The city of Karachi is the commercial and financial capital of Pakistan. Karachi generates
A
about 25% of the national GDP.
F
• Karachi is the twentieth largest city of the world in terms of metro-politan population.
IE
• Karachi is the world's third largest megacity.
R
• Karachi became the capital of British rule in 1843.
B
• The original name 'Kolachi' also survives in the name of a well-known Karachi locality
E
named 'Mai Kolachi', a Balochi fisher-woman.
H
• The industrial areas in Sindh are: Karachi, Nooriabad & Kotri.
T
• The old names of Karachi: Kolachi, Kalachi, Debal, Kolachi-jo-Goth.
• South Asia's first tramway system was laid down in 1900 in Karachi.
• Karachi as the capital was shifted to Delhi, Karachi became closer to being a Gateway to
India in: 1911
2
• Karachi remained eleven years (from 1947 to 1958) as the capital city of Pakistan.
• The largest Pushto-speaking city in the world is Karachi.
The Brief Affairs
• The National Institute of Oceanology was built in Karachi in 1982.

• Hassan Ali Effendi is the founder of Sindh Madrasatul -Islam in Karachi.
S
• SMI was instituted in Bolton Market in 1885.
R
• Quaid-e-Azam stayed in SMI from 1887 to 1892 which was the maximum period he spent in
I
an educational institution.
A
• SMI was upgraded to Sindh Muslim College in 1943.
F
• The viceroy of British India Lord Dufferin inaugurated the SMI’s historical Main Building
F
on November 14th, 1887.
A
• Masjid-e-Tooba is also known as Gol Masjid, built in 1969 and located in Karachi.
F
• It is often claimed that Masjid-e-Tooba is one of the largest single-dome mosque in the world.
IE
• The dome is 72 meters (236 feet) in diameter.
R
• The mausoleum & Darghah of Abdullah Shah Ghazi is located in Karachi.
B
• Manghopir Shrine is in Karachi. It is named after Sufi Pir Haji Sayed Sakhi Sultan
E
commonly called as, Mangho Pir.
• Chaukundi graveyard is in Karachi.
TH
• Our Lady of Fatima Church is in Karachi.
• Gora Qabristan/Gora Cemetery is in Karachi.
• Towers of silence is in Karachi for dead Parsis/Zoroastrians.
• Allan Faqir died on July 4, 2000 in: Karachi.
• Karachi is also called Uroos-ul-Bilaad (Bridge of Cities).
3
The Brief Affairs
S
• Nickname(s) of Karachi: City of the Quaid, Paris of the East, City of Lights and Bride of the
R
Cities.
I
• Mazar-e-Quaid is in Karachi.
A
• Hawke's Bay Beach is in Karachi.
F
• Frere Hall is in Karachi.
F
• Karachi Port Trust Building is in Karachi
A
• Mohatta Palace is in Karachi.
• Bin Qasim Port is in Pipri, Karachi
F
• Manhori jo Qilo is near Karachi.
I E
• Liyari and Malir rivers are in Karachi.
• Pakistan Steel Mill is in Karachi.
R
• Manora Beech is in Karachi.
E B
T H
4
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Hyderabad city in brief
with important religious
and other sites.
Questions from past papers also included:

SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Hyderabad In Brief
• Hyderabad city is in Pakistan.
S
• Hyderabad is in Sindh province.
IR
A
• Hyderabad is among one of the divisions of Sindh.
F F
A
• There are 30 districts in Sindh.
F
• Hyderabad is a city and capital of Hyderabad Division.
I E
• It is the second-largest city in Sindh, and the eight-largest in Pakistan.
R
• Following the separation of the Badin, Sujawal and Thatta Districts out of Hyderabad
B
Division to form the new Banbhore Division, the residual Hyderabad Division now
E
comprises six districts
H
• The six districts of Hyderabad are: Dadu, Hyderabad, Jamshoro, Matiari, Tando Allahyar,
T
and Tando Muhammad Khan.
• Government Type: District Municipal Corporation.
• Population of Hyderabad district according to Census-2017 is 2,199,463.
• Hyderabad was founded in 1768 by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty.
• Neroon Kot was the old name of Hyderabad.
• Neroon Kot (means place of ruler) is in Hyderabad 1
The Brief Affairs
• This area was governed by one of the Sindhi ruler Neroon, from where the old name of
Hyderabad was derived as Neroon Kot.
• Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro founded the city over the ruins of Neroon Kot in 1768.
• Pakka Qilla is in Hyderabad.
• It was built by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro.
IRS
A
• Area of Pakka Qilla is 3 km. Height of Pakka Qilla is 40 feet.
• Kacha Qilla is in Hyderabad.
F F
A
• It was built by Ghulam Shah Kalhoro.
F
• Kacha Qilla has 100 tanks over stoopa.
I E
• Kacha Qilla has 3 gates.
R
• Tomb of Syed Muhammad Makki is in Kacha Qilla.
B
• Shah Abdul Latif was born in Bhit Shah near Hala Taluka, Matiari district of Hyderabad
E
division.
H
• University of Sindh is located in Jamshoro district of Hyderabad division.
T
• Shrine of Sayed Qutub Ali shah is located at Tando Jahanian near Hyderabad.
• Tomb of Mian Noor Muhammad Kalhoro is in Hyderabad.
• Tomb of Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro is in Hyderabad.
• Tomb of Mian Ghulam shah Kalhoro is in Hyderabad.
• He is known a founder of Hyderabad.
2
The Brief Affairs
• Mukhi house is in Hyderabad .

• It was built by Mukhi Goband Ram Preetam Das.
• Kotri Barrage is situated 3 miles North of Hyderabad City.
IRS
• Sarfraz Wah is in Hyderabad. It was named after Mian Sarfraz Khan Kalhoro.
• Bangles of Hyderabad are famous.
A
• Hyderabad is also called as the 'City of Airs'.
F F
• The first ever ODI hat-trick happened in 1982 in Niaz Stadium, a historic stadium of
A
Hyderabad by Jalal-ud-Din of Pakistan, playing the match against Australia.
F
• Hyderabad served as the capital of Kalhora period, and later Talpur period until the British
I E
transferred the capital to Karachi in 1843.
R
• Resham Gali of Hyderabad is the longest Resham Gali Market of Pakistan.
B
• The famous Bombay Bakery is in Hyderabad. It was built by Phalajrai Gangaram Thadani.
H E
T
3
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Thatta in brief with
other sites.
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Thatta In Brief
• Thatta is in Pakistan.
• Thatta is in Sindh province.
S
R
• Thatta is in Bhanbhore division of Sindh.
A I
F
• Thatta is among one of the districts of Sindh.
• Thatta city is its headquarter.
A F
was created.
IE F
• On 12th October 2013 Thatta district was divided into two districts the new district Sujawal
B R
• There are four Tehsils or Talukas in thatta district they ara: Taluka Keti Bandar, Taluka
Thatta, Mir Pur Sakro Taluka and Taluka Ghorabari
H E
• Government Type: District Administration
• Population of Thatta according to Census-2017 is 979,817.
T
• Thatta was the capital of three successive dynasties.
• These dynasties are: Samma, Argun and Turkhan.
• Shah Jahan Mosque also known as the Jamia Masjid of Thatta is in Thatta
1
The Brief Affairs
• It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jehan in 1647.

• It has been on the tentative UNESCO World Heritage list since 1993.
S
• Shahjahan Masjid Thatta has 93 domes (the largest number in Pakistan) and 33 arches.
IR
• Tombs of Makli hills are in Thatta.
A
• Makli Necropolis is one of largest funery sites in the world with diameter of approximately 10
F
km2 (3.9 sq mi) .
F
• The site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981 as an "outstanding
A
testament" to Sindhi civilization between the 14th and 18th centuries.
F
• Tomb of Shah Inayat Shaeed is in Jhok Sharif in Thatta.
IE
• Sufi Shah Inayat Shaeed is referred as the first social reformer of Sindh and 17th century
R
revolutionary.
B
• Inayat was killed on January 7, 1718, in Thatta under the orders of the then governor Azam
E
Khan.
H
• Inayat's anti-feudal slogan - Jo kherey so khaaye (he who tills has the foremost right to eat).
T
• In 2021, in light of the decision of National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC) and the
Sindh government, the district administration Sujawal has cancelled annual Urs (313th Urs)
celebrations of Sufi saint Shah Inayat Shaheed at Jhok Sharif.
• Shrine of Hazrat Abdullah Shah Ashabi is in Thatta.
2
• Allama Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi's shrine is located in Makli, Thatta
The Brief Affairs
• Tomb of Jam Nando is in Thatta.

• His real name was Jam Nizamuddin and he was sultan of Samma dynasty in Sindh.
S
• Keenjhar Lake also called Malik Lake is located in Thatta District. It is the largest fresh water
lake in Pakistan and an important source of drinking water for Thatta District and Karachi.
I
• Keenjhar Lake has been declared a ramsar site and a wildlife sanctuary.
R
A
• It provides a favorable habitat of winter migratory birds.
F
• A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar
F
Convention also known as "The Convention on Wetlands" , an intergovernmental environmental
A
treaty established in 1971 by UNESCO, which came into force in 1975.
F
• The famous folklore of Noori Jam Tamachi who was a fisherwoman, is connected to the
IE
Keenjhar lake.
• There is a shrine in the middle of the lake marking Noori's grave, often visited by devotees.
R
• Haleji Lake is a perennial freshwater lake in Thatta. it is 6.58 km2 (2.54 sq mi) in size.
B
• Hadero Lake (Area: 13.21 km²) is located at Mirpur Sakro in Thatta about 85 km to the east
E
of Karachi.
H
• In 1977, Hadero Lake was declared as Wildlife Sanctuary under a notification by Government
T
of Sindh.
• Sasui Lake is situated at Mirpur Sakro Thatta.
• The Muradani Lake is on the right bank of the river Indus deltic region in Mirpur Sakro
3
The Brief Affairs
S
• Kalan Kot Fort or Samma Fort (also commonly termed as Kala Kot or Kalyan Kot;
R
historical name Tughlikabad) was constructed probably in the time period of fourteenth
I
century along with the city of Thatta. It is situated five kilometers south of Makli.
F A
A F
I EF
B R
H E
T
4
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Tharparkar in brief with
other sites.
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Tharparkar In Brief
• Tharparkar is in Pakistan.
• Tharparkar is in Sindh province.
R S
I
A
F
• Tharparkar is in Mirpur Khas division of Sindh.
A F
• Tharparkar is among one of the districts of Sindh.
• Mithi city is its headquarter.
IE F
• Currently the Sindh government is planning to divide the Tharparkar district into
R
Tharparkar and Chhachro district.
E B
• There are seven Tehsils or Talukas in Tharparkar district they ara: CHACHRO, DAHLI,
DIPLO, KALOI, ISLAMKOT, MITHI and NAGAR PARKAR.
H
T
• Population of Tharparkar according to Census-2017 is 1,649,661.
• Dynonym(s): Thari
• Tharparkar has the largest Hindu population in Pakistan.
• It has the lowest Human Development Index rating of all the districts in Sindh. 1
The Brief Affairs
• In Pakistan's 2017 HDI report, Tharparkar ranked 109th out of 114 surveyed districts, a
S
drop from its rank as 103rd in 2013, the lowest ranking of any district in Sindh.
R
• A shocking 115 persons committed suicide in Tharparkar during 2021, including 68 women.
I
Reports revealed 99 among them were Hindus. Largest ratio among all the districts of Sindh.
A
• The Thar region was historically fertile, although it was mostly desertified between 2000 and
F
1500 BC.
F
• Before its desertification, a tributary of the Indus River was said to flow through the region.
A
• Thari is among major six dialects of Sindhi which are: Sireli, Vicholi, Lari, Thari, Lasi and
F
Kachi.
I E
Thar desert is in Sindh. The total geographical area of Thar in Sindh is 48,000 sq km out of
which 25,000 sq km is in Tharparkar and Umerkot districts.
B R
• Bhodesar mosque is in Tharparkar.
• The mosque was built in 1505 by Mahmood shah, ruler of Gujarat.
E
• Gadi Bhit is highest elevation point of the Mithi, Tharparkar.
H
• Rooplo kolhi was a freedom fighter who fought in Karoonjhar Mountains against the British
T
rulers at Nagarparkar.
• The British hanged him on 22nd august 1859 with his companions at acacia tree near
Nagarparkar.
• Jain temple is in Nagarparkar, in Tharparkar.
• Pari nagar temple is in Virvah, Nagarparkar. 2
The Brief Affairs
• The Thar lignite deposits were discovered in the early 1990's. The resource with its estimated
total reserve of 175 billion tonnes.
S
• The deposits are said to be 16th-largest coal reserves in the world.
I R
• Bhodesar Talau (pond) and Bhodesar Jain temple are in Nagarparkar.
A
• A peafowl is a symbol of Tharparkar.
F
• Male peafowl are referred to as peacocks, and female peafowl are referred to as peahens,
F
even though peafowl of either sex are often referred to colloquially as "peacocks".
A
• The famous Sindhi drama 'Badnaseeb Thari' was written by: Muhammad Ismail Ursani.
• Khokhrapar railway station of Tharparkar district was established around 105 years as the
F
first railway station of Sindh on India-Pakistan border.
I E
• Mai Bhagi (Bhag Bhari), a famous Sindhi folk singer was born in Mithi, Tharparkar.
R
• The father name of Mai Bhagi: Wanhyun Fakir.
B
• The mother name of Mai Bhagi: Khadija Maganhar.
• Mai Bhagi died on July 27, 1986, at the age of 66.
H E
• Naukot Fort is in Mithi, Tharparkar.
• Naukot Fort is also known as Fateh Garh.
T
• Naukot Fort was built by Mir Karam Ali Khan Talpur in 1814.
• Sarran Lake (also called Namak Ki Jheel) is the largest salty lake in Diplo, Tharparkar.
3
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Badin in brief with
other sites.

SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Badin In Brief
Most Important:
• Badin city (‫ )بدين‬is in Pakistan.
• Badin is in Sindh province.
IR S
F A
F
A
• Badin is in Banbhore division of Sindh.
F
I E
• Badin is among one of the districts of Sindh.
R
• Badin city is its headquarter.
B
• There are five Talukas in Badin district they ara: Badin Taluka, Golarchi (Shaheed Fazal
E
Rahu Taluka), Matli Taluka, Talhar Taluka and Tando Bago Taluka.
H
T
• Population of Umarkot according to Census-2017 is 1,804,516.
• Badin is often called 'Sugar State' due to its production of sugar.
This District is bordered by Runn of katch (Arabial Sea) in the South, which also forms
international boundary with India.
• The site of Nand Kot is in also in Badin.
1
The Brief Affairs
• The ancient site of Roopa Marri, where the grave of Dodo Soomro, then legendry ruler of
Soomra dynasty is situated about 50 kms off Badin in the south on main Seerani Road.
• A huge mound of debris which lies behind the tomb is presumed to be the residence of Dodo
S
Soomro.
IR
• The mound of Chanesar (brother of Dodo Soomro) is situated at a brief distance from the tomb.
A
• The mela of Dodo Soomro is celebrated every year in the month of April.
F F
• The shrine complex of dargah Luari Sharif is situated 15 kms off Badin. The Darghah is
A
associated with Sufi saint and poet Hazrat Khawaja Muhammad Zaman Luari Waro. Once shah
F
Abdul Latif went to meet this saint.
E
• According to Mr. Zulfiqar Kalhoro, a renowned anthropologist Saiful Malook Graveyard in
I
Badin belong to Sama period.
B R
• Historical fort known as Unarkot / Kheerinkot. The fort is also known as Kheerinkot.
Historically it belongs to the Samma period and was constructed in the era of Jam
E
FerozuddinUnar, who was the first ruler of Samma's.
H
T
• The shrine of Hazrat Saman Sarkar is situated in Badin. Shrine is huilt upon the grave of saint
Syed Saman Ali.
• The grave of Shaheed Rani, a very significant character of Kalhora rule, is situated in the
famous necropolis of Shah Deewano in village Thari Nizamani, some 20 kms off Matli town in the
east.
2
The Brief Affairs
• The three-doomed mosque, located in Pir Hamid Shah Graveyard, village Pir Ali Bux Shah
near Goni Branch, about 12 km from Badin on Tando Bhago-Badin Road. Pir Hamid Shah
Graveyard Mosque has three-domed and three-domed mosques were mostly constructed in
Kalhora period.
IRS
• The twin tombs (known as Kalhora Tombs), located at Ketyun Jo Kot southeast of Shadi
A
Large on the right bank of river Puran (an abandoned water course of mighty river that used to
flow across), are believed to be of Kalhora period.
F F
Extra Information:
F A
I E
• Malhian Waro Darro or Mahian Jo Darro or the mound of Malhis via village Gul Muhammad
R
Chang on Seerani Road yet another archaeological site about 10 kms off Badin city.
B
• The Kandir Daro is located in district Badin.
E
• The site of Markhian-Jo-Daro (MD) also known as Shah Noral Daro (hereafter it would be
H
referred as Markhian-Jo-Daro) is also located in district Badin.
T
• Agham Kot or Aghamani, it is also known as the Lohanas. A town which is described in Chach
Namah continued to flourish for years. It was the capital town of Buddhist ruler Agham Lukana
situated on the bank of old course of river Indus. According to Mir Masum, Shah Beg Arghun
died in its vicinity.
3
The Brief Affairs
• The site Aaseli-Jo-Daro is also in district Badin.

• The Chang Daro is also in district Badin.
• The site of Jasothan-Jo-Daro is also known as Jakhran-Jo-Daro and Khathar Daro
S
(hereafter it would be mentioned Jasothan-Jo-Daro) is located in district Badin.
IR
• The Khudh Khan Daro is located approximately 6.27 kilometers south-west of Seerani and
A
about 2.69 kms north of Aaseli Mound in district Badin.
F
• The Archaeological site of Jhalar originally a large sized mound is located near village
Mubarak Pariyani, Taluka and District Badin.
A F
• The tomb of Hazrat Maha Wali is situated at a brief distance from the graveyard of Pir
EF
Qadri.
I
• Baba Buhran Shah Tomb is situated in Badin city. The original tomb of Baba Buhran Shah
R
was constructed in 1015 AH (1637 A.D) which had collapsed and reconstructed with modern
B
material in 1985 A.D.
E
• The site of Bukhari Daro is a large mound in Badin.
H
• The site of Koryani Daro also known as Nohani Daro (hereafter it would be mentioned
T
Koryani Daro) is in district Badin.
• The site of Mangrian-Jo-Daro is approximately 12 kms south-east of Kario Ganhwar,
Taluka Golarchi, District Badin.
• The site of Marri Wasayo is a large mound located in Taluka Golarchi, District Badin.
4
The Brief Affairs
• The site of Morio Leghari is a small mound located at north-east of Kario Ganhwar town,
Taluka Golarchi, District Badin.
• The water drain culvert is constructed with burnt bricks (1'x 5.5''x3'') chiroli is used as
S
mortar. This culvert was constructed for the purpose of water drain canal in the British
IR
period. This damaged structure needs to be restored. There is a new bridge constructed
A
recently by agriculture dept government of Sindh with burnt bricks and cement. The site of
F
Thori Mori is located south-east of kario Ganhwar town, Taluka Golarchi, District Badin.
Nouh Ji Kuni situated in district Badin.
A F
• The Makhdoom Nouh Ji Kuni is named after the historical Mosque known as Makhdoom
EF
• The site Othian-Jo-Daro is situated on Badin-Hyderabad main road, near village Peeru
I
Lashari, Taluka Talhar, District Badin.
R
• Government Pakistan College, Saeedpur was constructed in 1971 with the special efforts of
B
late Qazi Muhammad Ibrahim Thebo, a renowned educationist and social reformer of the
E
area. He donated his land for the purpose establishing an educational institution. It was
H
inaugurated by Mr. Akhtar Ali G. Qazi, then Minister of Education, Culture, Finance, Law
T
and Parliamentary Affairs on February 21, 1988.
• The sprawling shrine complex of Pir Tajuddin alias Shah Turail in Deh Durmano, Union
Council Peeroo Lashari, Taluka Talhar, is a main pilgrimage centre of the Khawaja Ismaeeli
community of Sindh. The shrine is stated to be 800 years old.
5
The Brief Affairs
• Mir Khuda Bakhsh Talpur, a prosperous zamindar of Tando Bago, built a beautiful Palace
(Sahib Mahal) in the fond memory of his sweet wife in 1947.
• Tando Bago town's public library known as Mir Ghulam Muhammad Talpur Library which
S
is named after the area's great social reformer and educationist of the time, K.B. Mir Ghulam
IR
Muhammad Talpur, who was also the zamindar of area.
A
• Wahnaee Historical Mosque is in district Badin. It is said that it was constructed during
F
Kalhora period.
A F
• Shah Deewano Dargah is in Badin. Hazrat Syed Sultan Abdul Magees alias Syed Shah
Deewano was a prominent saint of Sindh. He was born in 581 AH, in Yamen. He belonged to
EF
the ruling family of Yemen. It is said that his father Syed Hussain Shah was the Emperor of
I
Yamen. He died on 26th Ramzan, 653 A.H. His annual Urs is held every year on same date.
B R
H E
T
6
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Umarkot in brief with
other sites.

SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Umarkot In Brief
• Umarkot formarly known as Amarkot is in Pakistan.
• Umarkot is in Sindh province.
IR S
A
• Umarkot is in Mirpur Khas division of Sindh.
F F
A
F
• Umarkot is among one of the districts of Sindh.
I
• Umarkot city is its headquarter.
R E
• There are four Tehsils or Talukas in Umarkot district they ara: Taluka Kunri, Umerkot
E B
Taluka, Taluka Samaro and Taluka Pithoro.
T H
• Population of Umarkot according to Census-2017 is 1,073,146.
• Umarkot is the only Hindu majority district in Pakistan.
• Hindus form around 52.15% and Muslims form around 47% of Umarkot's population.
• These four districts: Umarkot, Tharparkar, Mirpurkhas and Sanghar in Sindh hosts more
than half of the Hindu population in Pakistan.
1
The Brief Affairs
• In December 2021, The girl appointed as consultant in the World Bank is Varsha Thebo,
daughter of the retired professor, Laiq Thebo and hails from a remote village Wali Thebo, 28
kms from district Umerkot.
IRS
• Umerkot is located in the East of Sindh, about 60 km from the Indian border.
• It is famous for the Umerkot Fort that dates back to the 11th century.
A
• Mughal emperor Akbar was born at the Fort on October 25, 1542, after the Hindu Raja
F F
Rana Parasad gave refuge to his father Humayun, who was fleeing the armies of Sher Shah
A
Suri.
F
• Akbar's father Humayun stayed in the Umarkot for seven months.
I E
• Humayun was present in Sammara Lake when he came to know about the birth of Akbar.
R
• At that time Umarkot was called as Amarkot.
B
• A legendary folklore story of Umer and Marvi is also associated with Umerkot.
E
• Umerkot, the fort of Umer as it means was found by Umer, the king of the Soomro dynasty.
H
• Archaeological Museum of Umerkot is situated inside the Umerkot Fort was inaugurated on
T
24th February 1968.
• Subsequently the museum was expended and shifted in a new museum building in July, 2006.
• Umarkot Shiv Mandir is a Hindu temple situated in Umarkot, Near Rana Jahangeer Goth, in
Sindh, Pakistan.
• Tomb of Dado Nimano Shah is in Umerkot.
• Tomb of Razi Shah is in Umerkot. 2
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Some other cities of Sindh in
brief with important
religious and other sites.
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Some other cities of Sindh in brief with

important religious and other sites.
• Tando Allahyar is the district of Hyderabad Division.
IR S
A
• Tando Allahyar city was founded by Mir Allahyar S/o Mir Fateh Khan.
F
• Tando Allahyar is the new name of Kunday Ji Wasy.
F
A
• Tomb of Watayo Faqeer is in Tando Allahyar. He died in 1843.
F
• Tando Muhammad is the district of Hyderabad Division.
I E
• Tando Muhammad Khan was founded by Mir Muhammad Khan Shahwani.
R
• Tomb of Shah Abdul Karim, the grandfather of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai is in Tando
B
Muhammad khan.
E
• Shah Abdul Karim is known as "Bulri waro".
T H
• He is also called "Chaucer of Sindh" or "Sindhi Adab Jo Wihayo Taaro".
• Mipur Khas is among one of the seven divisions of Sindh.
• Chittori graveyard is in Mirpur Khas
• Mir Sharif Muhammad Talpur, who was famous for his bravery in fighting with Frangi
in the battle of Dubba, is buried in Chittori groveyard.
1
The Brief Affairs
• Tharparkar is in Mirpur Khas Division.

• Umar Kot is also in Mirpur Khas Division.
• Mangoes of Mirpur Khas are famous and it is also known as 'City of Mangoes'.
S
• Kaho-Jo-Daro is in Mirpur Khas District.
IR
• Matiari is among one of the districts of Hyderabad Division.
A
• Hala is lovated on the left bank of River Indus.
F
• Shah Abdul Latif was born in Hala Haveli in 1689, Taluka of Matiari District.
F
• Shrine of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai is in Bhit, Hala, district Matiari.
A
• Shrine of Hazrat Ghous-ul-Haq Makhdoom Nooh is in Hala, district Matiari.
F
• Grave of Allama Umar bin Daudpota is in Bhit Shah, Matiari.
I E
• Grave of Sheikh Ayaz s in Bhit Shah, district Matiari.
R
• Hala city of Matiari district is famous for its handicrafts.
B
• Sindhi poet Soz Halalai died on February 21, 2018. he hailed from a village near Hala Taluka of
E
Matiari District.
H
• Ice Cream of Matiari is famous in Sindh.
T
• Shaheed Benazirabad is one of the districts of Shaheed Benazirabad Divison.
• The old name of Shaheed Benazirabad is Nawabshah.
• Nawabshah district was first renamed as Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto District in
September 2008 when most of MPAs of Nawabshah demanded the district be renamed to honour
the late party leader after the assassination of Benazir Bhutto.
2
The Brief Affairs
• The Board of Revenue in December 2008 once again renamed District Shaheed Mohtarma
Benazir Bhutto as District Shaheed Benazirabad.
• Benazir Bhutto was assassinated on December 27, 2007 in Rawalpindi.
S
• Asif Ali Zardari was born in Karachi. Nawabshah is the hometown of former president of
IR
Pakistan and husband of Benazir Bhutto, Asif Ali Zardari.
A
• Shaheed Benazirabad is called as the "Heart of Sindh".
F
• Shrine of Sakhi Jam Datar is in the Jam Sahib Town, Shaheed Benazirabad.
F
• Shrine of Makhdoom Saad Bilali is in Sakrand Town, Shaheed Benazirabad.
A
• Makhdoom Saad Bilali is popularly known as Mulla Saad . He was one of the 7th Khalifa of
F
Mokhdoom Bilawal.
I E
• Naushahro Feroze is among one of the districts of Shaheed Benazirabad Division.
R
• Naushahro Feroze city was founded by Faqeer Feroz Werrar.
B
• Sathi Pargano is the old name of Naushahro Feroze.
E
• Nusrat Branch Canal and Nao Lakhi Minor Irrigation Canal are in Naushahro Feroze.
H
• Mai Faphan lake is in Moro, Naushahro Feroze.
T
• Halani mosque is in Naushahro Feroze.
• Darghah of Sajan Sain is in Allahabad, Naushahro Feroze.
• Real name of Sajjan Saen is Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi Naqashbandi.
• Manghan-Mal-Munaro is in village Darya Khan Mari in Naushehro Feroz.
• It was built by Manghan-Mal to commemorate his daughter named 'Teji bal': A symbol
of affection of a father. 3
The Brief Affairs
• Sukkur district is among one of the districts of Sukkur Division.

• Tomb of Mian Adam Shah Kalhoro is in Sukkur.
• Adam shah was the pioneer of Kalhoro Dynasty of Sindh.
• War Mubarkh Shrine is in Rohri, Sukkur.
IRS
• A gold and jewel encrusted casket enshrines War Mubarak is the hair of the Holy Prophet
A
Hazrat Muhammad (SAW).
F
• The shrine was built in 1545 by Mir Muhammad Kalhoro.
F
A
• Mir Masoom Shah Jo Munaro is in Sukkur.
F
• Syed Nizamuddin Alias Mir Masoom Shah Bukhari was the Nawab of Bakhar region during
I E
the time of Mughal emperor Akbar.
R
• Satyan jo Aastaan (Seven Sisters or The abode of seven), a graveyard on the right bank of the
B
Indus river, is in Sukkur.
E
• Tomb of Khawaja Khizar or Zinda Pir is in Sukkur.
H
• Dargah Bharchundi, Sharif was founded by Pir Ghulam Siddique.
T
• Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi accepted Islam on this Dargah. It is located in Ghotki.
• Moomal ji Marri is in Mirpur Mathelo, Ghotaki.
• Begari Canal, Masso Wah, Arror Wah, Girrag Wah, Gharr Wah, and Ali Bahar Kachehri
Canal (Abandoned) are in Sukkur.
• Literacy Tower is the old name of Pir Ilaahi Bux Tower located in Sukkur.
4
The Brief Affairs
• Sadh Bello, also known as sat, is an island on the Indus River near Sukkur.
• Sukkur Barrage is among one of the six barrages built on Indus river.
• Sukkur Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus near the city of Sukkur in the Sindh
province of Pakistan.
• There are total 7 canals flowing out from sukkur barrage.
IRS
A
• Three right-bank canals are: NWC, Rice Canal and Dadu Canal.
F F
• Four left-bank canals are: Nara Canal, Rohri Canal, Khairpur East and Khairpur West
A
Feeder Canals.
F
• Sukkur Barrage is the largest barrage of Pakistan.
I E
• Guddu Barrage is a barrage on the Indus River situated 10 miles north-west of
R
Kashmore and about 100 miles upstream of Sukkur Barrage in the Sindh province of
B
Pakistan.
E
• Masoom Shah Jo Munaro, a watch tower is located in Sukkur.
H
• Masoom Shah was the governor of Mughal emperor Akbar.
T
• He commissioned the tower 'Masoom Shah Jo Munaro' in 1582.
• The tower was completed in 1607.
• Landsdowne Bridge, Sukkur which was constructed in 1889 and named after Lord
Landsdowne, viceroy of India: 1888-1893.
• 'Shaikh Ayaz'-All Pakistan Conference' was held in Sukkur in 1958.
5
The Brief Affairs
• Ghotki is among one of the districts of Sukkur Division.

• Qadirpur Gas Field is in Ghotki.
• Fuji Fertilizor is in Ghotki.
• Seharwah and Lundi wah are in Ghotki.
IRS
• Among four feeders of Guddu Barrage, one feeder is on the left bank named as Ghotki Feeder.
A
• Shikarpur is among one of the districts of Larkana Division.
• Jatoi Pargano is the old name of Shikarpur.
F F
A
• Shikarour city was founded by Amir Bahadur Khan Daudpoto.
F
• Dargah Amrote Sharif is in Shikarpur.
I E
• Pickle (‫ )اچار‬of Shikarpur is famous in Sindh.
R
• Famous Sindhi poet Sami belongs to Shikarpur.
B
• Sheikh Ayaz was born on March 02, 1923 in Shikarpur.
E
• Father name of Sheikh Ayaz was Shaikh Ghulam Hussain.
H
• Wife name of Sheikh Ayaz was Iqbal Begum. She was also a Sindhi poet.
T
• Sheikh Ayaz died on December 28, 1997.
• Larkana is among one of the districts of Larkana Division.
• Chandka is the old name of Larkana.
• The city of Sindh which is famous for Guava and Berry production is Larkana.
• Moen-Jo-Daro is in Larkana.
6
The Brief Affairs
• The distance from Larkana to Moen-Jo-Daro is 27km, discovered in 1922.

• Jhukar-Jo-Daro is located 10km in the west of Larkana, discovered in 1921.
• Jinnah Bagh is in Larkana.
• Olhandi Nara Wah is in Aqil Goth, Larkana.
• Larkana is also called city of leaders.
IRS
A
• The old name of Jinnah Bagh is Tajar Bagh.
• Zulfiqar Bagh is in Larkana.
F F
A
• The old name of Zulfiqar Bagh is Gian Bagh.
F
• Tomb of Shah Baharo is in Larkana.
I E
• Shah Baharo was a military officer of Mian Noor Muhammad kalhoro.
R
• Tomb was constructed by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro.
B
• Tomb of Mashori Sharif is in Larkana.
E
• It is the tomb of Pir Muhammad Qasim Mashori.
H
• Dhamraho Square Tower commonly known as Miran Jo Tower is in Larkana.
T
• Qambar Shahdadkot District is a district of Sindh, Pakistan, originally named after Shahdad
Khan Khuhawar the official founder. It is among one of the districts of Larkana division.
• Madrasa Ber Sharif is in Qambar Shahdadkot.
• Dargah of Pir Hussain Shah commonly known as "Qambar Waro Saen is in Qambar
Shahdadkot.
7
The Brief Affairs
• Drigh Lake is in Qambar Shahdadkot.

• Langh Lake is in Qambar Shahdadkot.
• Hamal Lake is in Qambar Shahdadkot.
• Shahdadpur is the old name of Shahdadkot.
• Dadu is among one of the districts of Hyderabad Division.
IRS
A
• Tomb of Yar Muhammad Kalhoro is in Khudaabad, Dadu.
F F
• Jamia Masjid built during the reign of Yar Muhammad Kalhoro is in Khudabad, Dadu.
A
• Shrine of Hazrat Saeedi Moosani is in Dadu.
F
• Shrine of Gaji Shah is in Dadu.
I E
• Anewly built shrine in 2018 is dedicated to “Murshid Ji billi” – a cat belonging to Pir Gaji
R
Shah is in Dadu.
B
• Gorakh Hill station is 93km northwest of Dadu.
E
• Gorakh Hill is situated at the elevation of 5688 feet in the Kirthar Mountain Range, located in
H
Dadu.
T
• Umar-bin-Daudpoto, of born in Talti, Dadu district, British India (now in Pakistan) also
remained member of Pakistan Public Service Commission from 1950 to 1955.
• Dadu Canal is among one of the three right-bank canals of Sukkur Barrage.
• Ameer Peer Lake is in Dadu.
• The famous thing of Dadu is Agham Halwo.
8
The Brief Affairs
• Dadu is blessed with a rain-fed area (arid region) with fertile soil and is known as Kachhoo in
local parlance.
• Nai Gaj — one of the oldest streams — feeds large swathes of Kacchho. Nai is the Sindhi word
IRS
for stream or torrent. After passing through Dadu, Nai Gaj eventually fills Manchhar lake as
one of the freshwater resources.
A
• The desert area of Dadu is Kohistan desert.
F
• Jamshoro is among one of the districts of Hyderabad Division.
F
A
• Dargah of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar is in Sehwan, Jamshoro.
F
• His real name was Syed Usman Marvandi.
I E
• He belonged to the Marvand, Alghanistan.
R
• Mausoleum of Allama l.I.Kazi is in Sindh University, Jamshoro.
B
• He is considered as the founder of the University of Sindh.
E
• Mausoleum of G.M.Syed is in Sunn, Jamshoro.
H
• Ruins of Amri are located in Jamshoro.
T
• Rani Kot (Queen's Fort) is located in Sunn, Jamshoro.
• 1st International Conference on Sindh Studies was held on 20-21 November 2017 by Institute
of Sindhology, Jamshoro.
• Qaleech Baig chair was built at the Faculty of Arts, University of Sindh Jamshoro: July 2008.
• University of Sindh is located in Jamshoro district of Hyderabad division.
9
The Brief Affairs
• Kotri Barrage, also known as the Ghulam Muhammad Barrage, is a barrage on the Indus
River between Jamshoro and Hyderabad in the Sindh province of Pakistan.
• Manchar Lake is in Jamshoro ditrict.
• Bilawalpur Lake is in Jamshoro.
• Baghdad Wah is in Khanote village in Jamshoro.
IRS
A
• Jamshoro is called city of academies.
• Jamshoro is also called coty of winds.
F F
A
• Jamshoro is famous for its Pallo (Fish).
F
• The Kirthar National Park founded in 1974 is situated in the Kirthar Mountains in Jamshoro
I E
District in Sindh, Pakistan.
R
• It is the second largest National Park after Hingol National Park.
B
• Sindhi fold singer Allan Faqeer was born in Aamri village, Jamshoro in 1932.
E
• Allan Faqeer was awarded presidents Pride of Performance Award in 1980.
H
• Allan Faqeer received "Shahbaz Award" in 1987.
T
• Allan Faqeer received "Shah Latif Award" in 1992.
• Allan Faqeer received "Kandhkot Award" in 1993.
• Allan Faqeer died on July 4, 2000 in Karachi.
10
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Rivers of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Rivers of Sindh
• There are four rivers in Sindh.
• Indus River, Lyari River, Malir River, and Hub River.
Lyari River:
R S
A I
F
• Lyari River is in Karachi, Sindh.
A F
• Lyari River is a small ephemeral stream that flows through the Pakistani megacity of
Karachi from north east to the center and drains into the Arabian Sea at the Manora
channel.
IE F
• It is one of the two rivers of Karachi, the other one being Malir River.
B R
• The river is about 50 kilometres long.
• Originating from the Kirthar Range of mountains, north of Karachi, the river runs 50
E
kilometres long, through the District Central, East and South of the city.
H
T
• Once a potable water channel for the city, the river now discharges around 100 Million
Gallons per Day (MGD) of toxic wastewater into the Arabian Sea.
• In recent years it has come to be known as the ‘deadly river’, for becoming a dangerous mix
1
of human and industrial waste.
The Brief Affairs
Malir River:
• Malir River is a seasonal river located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
• It passes through the city of Karachi from the northeast, through the center, and drains into
S
the Arabian Sea.
I R
• Malir River has a length of approximately 20.24 kilometres.
A
• It is one of the two rivers passing through Karachi, the other being the Lyari River.
F
• It is formed by the confluence of Mol and Khadeji tributaries at a distance of 30 miles north
of Karachi city.
A F
• Compared to the Lyari river, the Malir river has a greater availability of freshwater.
IE F
• There are two main tributaries of Malir river namely, the Thadho & the Sukhan.
Hub River:
B R
E
• It starts from the Pab Range in the south eastern Balochistan and continues along the
H
border of Sindh and reaches Hub and then falls into the Arabian Sea.
T
• Hab river emerges from mountains near Zahri village of Jhalawan, and it flows along the
border of Sindh and Lasbela for 60 miles and it ends at Arabian sea near Ras Monzi.
• Hub River is in Lasbela Baluchistan and Mubarkh Goth, Sindh.
• The total length of hub river is approximately 134 km.
2
The Brief Affairs
• Alexandra The Great' crossed the hub river through Lasbela on his way back to Babylon
after conquering northwestern India. He mentions the river name as "Arabius".
• Muhammad bin Qasim crossed Hub river when he passed through Lasbela on his way to
Sindh in 711 A.D.
• Hub River is the border b/w Baluchistan and Sindh.
• Hub River Delta in Arabia Sea is Karachi.
R S
Indus River:
A I
FF
• Indus River is longest river of Pakistan (3180 km).
A
• Indus River is also called Abasin river in Pashto (Abasin means father of rivers).
F
• Indus River originates from Tibetan plateau in the vicinity of Lake Mansarovar.
IE
• It is believed that name India is taken from word 'Indus".
R
• Sindhu-Darya has been called with different names like: Attak, Hab, Mehran, Sindh
Saghar, Sindhu, Sohon & Indus.
E B
• Hakro darya was another darya flowing in Sindh besides Indus River.
H
• Sindhu darya enters into Pakistan from Chilas, a small town located in Gilgit-Baltistan.
T
• Five rivers of Punjab (Satluj, Bias, Chinab, Ravi and Jhelum) merge into Indus River at
Panjand area near Uch, Bahawalpur.
• Sadh Bello, also known as sat, is an island on the Indus River near Sukkur.
3
The Brief Affairs
• During the Arab conquest of Sindh under Muhammad bin Qasim, the island was occupied by
an Arab commander named "Saeed".
• This island is named as Sadh Bello or Saeed's island in his honor.
S
IR
• River Indus dried due to drought in 1819.
A
• Hala is located on the left bank of River Indus.
F
• Satyun-jo-Astaan (The Abode of Seven), a graveyard on the right bank of the Indus river, in
F
Sukkur.
A
• This place was immortalised in folklore when seven pious women made this place the eternal
F
abode.
IE
• The Muradadani Lake is on the right bank of the river Indus deltic region in Mirpur Sakro.
• The Indus River originates in the Tibetan plateau, making its 3180km journey southwards
R
along the entire length of Pakistan, before emptying into the Arabian Sea.
B
• The river basin is divided between Pakistan, which has about 60 per cent of the catchment
E
area, India with about 20 per cent, Afghanistan with 5 per cent and around 15 per cent in Tibet.
H
• Six Barrages are constructed on Indus River namely, Jinnah, Chashma, Taunsa, Sukkur,
T
Kotri, and Guddu Barrage.
• Dams on Indus river are Tarbela Dam and Diamer-Basha Dam which is under construction.
• Indus River Delta in Arabian Sea is Thatta.
4
The Brief Affairs
Indus Water Treaty 1960:
S
• Water distribution treaty between India and Pakistan brokered by the World Bank.
R
• On use of water available in the Indus River and its tributaries.
I
• Signed: In Karachi on September 19, 1960.
A
• Signed by: Jawaharlal Nehru and Ayub Khan
F
• Three eastern rivers to India: Ravi, Sutlej and Beas.
• Also called Sindh Tass Agreement.
A F
• Three western rivers to Pakistan: Indus, Jehlum and Chenab.
IEF
B R
H E
T
5
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Barrages of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Barrages of Sindh
SUKKUR BARRAGE:
S
• Sukkur Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus near the city of Sukkur in the Sindh
R
I
province of Pakistan.
A
• Sukkur Barrage is also called Lloyd Barrage.
FF
• Lloyd Barrage is named after governor of Bombay Sir George Lloyd.
A
• Full name of Sir George Lloyd was Sir George Ambrose Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd.
F
• The idea of Sukkur Barrage was conceived by Mr. C.A. Fife, in 1868.
IE
• Map along with its seven canals (wah) was prepared by Sir Arnold Musto.
R
• The project was finally sanctioned in 1923.
B
• The Head Works and Canals were completed by 1932.
E
• Sukkur Barrage was inaugurated on January 13, 1932 by Viceroy Lord Wellington.
H
• This Barrage which is the backbone of the economy of the entire Country through its net-
T
work of Canals providing Irrigation supplies or an area of 7.63 million acres which forms
approximately 25% of total canal irrigated area of the country.
• There are total 7 canals flowing out from sukkur barrage.
• Three right-bank canals are: NWC, Rice Canal and Dadu Canal.
1
The Brief Affairs
• Four left-bank canals are: Nara Canal, Rohri Canal, Khairpur East and Khairpur West
Feeder Canals.
• There are 66 gates of Sukkur Barrage.
S
IR
• Length of Sukkur Barrage is approximately 1 mile (around 1600 meters or 1.6 km)
A
• Length of bridge of Sukkur Barrage is 4725 feet.
F
• Every door is 18 meters (60) feet in width.
F
• Each gate weighs 50 tons.
A
• Sukkur Barrage is the largest barrage of Pakistan.
IE
KOTRI BARRAGE/GHULAM MUHAMMAD BARRAGE:
F
R
• Kotri Barrage, also known as the Ghulam Muhammad Barrage, is a barrage on the Indus
B
River between Jamshoro and Hyderabad in the Sindh province of Pakistan.
E
• The project was sanctioned a few months before the dawn of independence in 1947.
H
• Its foundation stone was laid on 13 Feb 1950.
T
• The barrage was completed in 1955 and was inaugurated by Governor General Ghulam
Muhammad on March 15, 1955.
• Chief Minister of Sindh Ayoob Khuhro also addressed at that occasion.
• It is used to control water flow in the Indus for irrigation and flood control purposes.
• It irrigates about 3.0 million acres in the region.
2
The Brief Affairs
• Kotri Barrage is situated 3 miles North of Hyderabad City

• Kotri barrage has four canals, two perennials (water 12 months) and two non-perennials (water
S
six months).
R
• Three are on the left and one on the right bank of River Indus.
I
• Names of the Canals are:
A
Kalri Baghar Canals (Also called KB Feeder) is on the right bank of River Indus
F
Akram Wah (Also called Lined Channel), Old Fuleli and New Fuleli are on the left bank of river
F
Indus.
A
• The barrage has 44 gates , each 18 meters (60 ft) wide.
F
• Length of Kotri Barrage is not confirmed. Some sources suggest 1,600 meters (5,200 ft) and
E
other sources also suggest that it's length is nearly 3,000 feet (900 metres) long.
R I
GUDDU BARRAGE:
E B
• Guddu Barrage is a barrage on the Indus River situated 10 miles north-west of Kashmore and
H
about 100 miles upstream of Sukkur Barrage in the Sindh province of Pakistan.
T
• President Iskander Mirza laid the foundation-stone of Guddu Barrage on 2 February 1957.
• The barrage was completed in 1962 at a cost of 474.8 million rupees and inaugurated by Field
Marshal Ayub Khan in 1962.
• The whole area commanded by the Guddu Barrage designed non-perennial.
3
The Brief Affairs
S
• Total four feeders off-take from this Barrage.
R
• Three feeders are on the right bank.
I
• Namely: Discharge Canal/Rainee Canal, Begari Sindh Feeder and Desert Pat Feeder/Canal.
A
• One feeder is on the left bank named as Ghotki Feeder.
F
• The project was planned to be completed in all respects earlier but due to financial
F
constraints, some works costing Rs.238.8 million are still to be completed.
A
• The barrage is some 4,450 feet (1,356 metres) long.
• The barrage has 64 gates (50 feet each).
I EF
B R
H E
T
4
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Famous Mountains and Hills of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Famous Mountains and Hills of Sindh

Kirthar Mountains
S
• The Kirthar Mountains (‫ )کير ٿر جبل‬are a mountain range that mark the boundary between
I R
the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, and which comprise much of the Kirthar
A
National Park.
F
• The mountain range forms part of the Kirthar-Sulaiman geologic province, which stretches
A F
from the Arabian Sea coast north to the Sulaiman Mountains in northwest Pakistan.
• The highest peak of the mountains is Zardak Peak at 7,430 ft (2,260 m).
IE F
• The highest peak of the mountains is Zardak Peak at 9,498 ft (2,895 m).
• The second tallest, Drakhel Hill, that was reported by British Army Corps of Engineers
B R
surveyed it as 8,135 ft (2,479 m) Barugh Hill, has a height that was reported in April 2009 as
7,056 ft (2,151 m), although the British Army Corps of Engineers surveyed it as 7,122 ft
(2,171 m).
H E
T
• Barugh, means "big fat mountain" in the Brahui language, the language of the Sasoli tribe,
who still live in the area.
• Barugh Hill is situated a few miles north-west of the Gorakh Hill Station, which is situated
at an elevation of 5,688 ft (1,734 m).
1
The Brief Affairs
• The next highest peak is the 6,880-foot-tall (2,100 m) mountain Kutte-Ji-Kabar (Sindhi for
"Dog's Grave"), also known as Kuchak-na-Kabar in Brahui.
• The mountain is located in a region claimed by the provincial governments of Sindh and
Balochistan.
• Other peaks include the Andraj Mountain at 6,496 ft (1,980 m).
S
• There are also a number of other peaks of the Kirthar Mountains exceeding 5,500 ft (1,700
R
m), which all receive occasional snowfall during the winter season.
A I
• To the south the mountains decrease in size towards Bedor Hill, with a height of 3,320 ft
F
(1,010 m).
A F
• There are several passes in the range which are passable, but the only one often used is the
Gaji Lak Pass on the road from Zidi and Khuzdar to Jhalawan.
IE
Folk Tale about Kutte-Ji-Kabar F
B R
As recorded in Folk Tales of Scinde and Guzerat (circa 1855), the mountain is named for a
story in which a Brahui man is forced to leave his dog as collateral to a wealthy Hindu
E
merchant in order to settle his debts. According to the tale, the dog chased after thieves who
H
T
had stolen from the merchant, leading the merchant to free him and return to his master. The
Brahui man thought the dog escaped and so was angry with the dog for his disobedience. The
rejected dog died, and when the Brahui man came to learn of the true story, he felt
2
remorseful and climbed to the top of the mountain in order to bury his dog.
The Brief Affairs
Karoonjhar Mountains
• Karoonjhar mountains (‫ )ڪارونجھُر جبل‬are located in Nagarparkar near the district
Tharparkar on the northern edge of the Rann of Kutch.
• They mostly consist of granite rock and are likely an extension of the Aravalli range of
India.
R S
A I
• The Aravalli range belongs to Archaen period and thus one of the oldest rock systems.
• Karoonjhar area is geographically different from the surrounding desert and is very limited
in expanse.
FF
A
• The mountain range is around 19 kilometers long and 305 meters high.
F
• To the east of the main range lie smaller hills which are covered with sparse vegetation.
IE
• From these hills originate two perennial springs, Achleshwar and Sardharo, and temporary
R
streams, Bhetiani and Gordhro, which flow during the rainy season.
B
• Karoonjhar Dam is being constructed to supply water to people of Nagarparkar area.
E
• In monsoon season, the rain water pours down from the mountain and flows in more than
H
twenty streams, Bhatiani, Maoo, Gordaro, Ranaser, Sukhpur, Ghatiari, Madanwah,
T
Moondaro, Bhodeser, Lolrai, Drah, Puranwah to the Rann of Kutch.
• The climate of this mountain range is extreme due to rocky terrain, August and September
are only cool months due to monsoon.
3
The Brief Affairs
• Karoonjhar has economic significance for the local people of the area.
• It is rich in deposits and plant medicinal values.
• These plants include shatavari, okra and wild onion.
• This mountain is economically so significant that there is a local saying "Karoonjhar yields
a hundred kilos of gold regularly.".
S
• Karoonjhar has been mentioned in many verses of Sindhi and Gujarati poets.
R
I
• Myths and lores of Sadwant & Sharanga, Hothlal Pari (nature's fairy), Odho Jam (Sindhi
A
lore) and Bherio Garori (wolf's ring) are regarded to this range.
FF
• Hothlal Pari is considered to have had appeared 1st in the Karoonjhar mountains.
A
• In old times, Karoonjhar was also famously known as "Kinro".
F
• The mountain range has several places of historical importance, like Bhodeser Talao, Alakh
IE
Wao (hidden well), Anchlechure, Sardaro, Gao Mukhi, Punraj Gadr, Nani, Chandan gadr,
R
Bhaun jo bheesro, Jharno and Bhaunro.
B
• In the past, many individuals were exiled to the Karoonjhar by monarchs of nearby states.
H E Lakki Hills
T
A Chinese Buddhist scholar and traveller Xuanzang alias Hiuen Tsang visited Sindh in the
seventh century and described that there were 273 Hindu temples here, out of which 235
belonged to Pashupata Shivaites, which is another order of Shivaism.
4
The Brief Affairs
• In his magnum opus, "Sindh Revisited", 19th century British scholar and traveller Sir
Richard Francis Burton describes Laki as a place of pilgrimage for Hindus.
• The devotees called the streams dharan tirtha, which means "constant flow of the earth in a
holy place".
• French researcher Michel Boivin, in his book "Sindh Through History and
S
Representations", notes that Laki "is one of the most important places of the Shivaite cult in
I R
Sindh and a stopover for pilgrims going on the journey to Hinglaj Mata temple to celebrate
A
yatra (pilgrimage) in Balochistan".
F
• The Lakki hills, or Laki hills is a range in the Sindh, in Pakistan, to the south of the
Manchar Lake.
A F
• The range is approximately about 50 miles (80 km) long, connected with the Kirthar
IE F
Mountains and running east towards Sehwan where they terminate on the west bank of
the Indus.
R
• • The highest hills are between 1,500 and 2,000 feet (460 and 610 m).
B
H E
Manghopir Hills
T
• Manghopir Hills are located in between Karachi West District of Sindh and Hub District of
Balochistan in Pakistan.
5
The Brief Affairs
• The highest point of these hills in Karachi is approximately about 528m in the extreme
north.
• All these hills are devoid of vegetation and have wide intervening plains, dry river beds and
water channels.
Rohri Hills
R S
I
• The Rohri Hills in Upper Sindh, Pakistan are scarped rocks of limestone running southeast
A
of Rohri between the Indus river in the west and the Nara river in the east.
FF
• The hills are about approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) long and 16 kilometres (9.9
A
miles) wide.
F
• These hills are home to a large number of archaeological sites.
IE
• Flint artifacts of the Paleolithic period have been discovered here.
BadoRHill Station
E B
• Bado Hill Station (also known as Bado Jabal Hill Station) is a Hill Station located in Dadu
T H
District, Sindh, Pakistan.
• It is situated at an elevation of 3000 ft (914 m) in the Kirthar Mountains, 65 kilometers (40
mi) northwest of Sehwan It is an attractive place for nature-lovers due to its pleasant
6
weather and beautiful surroundings as it is adjacent to several beautiful Plateaus and
mountains of the Kirthar Ranges.
The Brief Affairs
Gorakh Hill Station

• Gorakh Hill (‫ )گورک‬is a hill station of Sindh, Pakistan.
• It is situated at an elevation of 5,689 ft (1,734 m) in the Kirthar Mountains, 94 kilometres
S
(58 mi) northwest of dadu city.
R
• The Gorakh hill station is situated 423 km (263 mi) from Karachi and nearly 8 hours'
driving distance.
A I
F
• The Hill station attracts thousands of tourists from the city.
F
• The name Gorakh is derived from the Sindhi language in which, word "Gorakhnath" refers
F A
to a popular Hindu Saint associated with the deity Shiva and that Balochi-language word
"Gurkh" is later dialectic adaptation of Sindhi-language word Gorakh but there is no
IE
connection of Persian Gurg and Balochi Gurkh means wolf with word of Sindh language.
R
• It is believed that the name is derived from original Word Gorakh either of Sanskrit or
E B
Sindhi language which means very difficult and intricate.
• Different opinions have been given about the history and origin of the hill station.
the region.
T H
• It is said that the medieval Hindu saint, Gorakhnath, had extensively wandered in hills and
• According to Nandu, an authority on Sanskrit, Gorakh is a Sanskrit word which means

"shepherding of sheep, cow and goat, etc."
6
The Brief Affairs
• Gorakh Hill (‫ )گورک‬is a hill station of Sindh, Pakistan.

• It is situated at an elevation of 5,689 ft (1,734 m) in the Kirthar Mountains, 94 kilometres
(58 mi) northwest of dadu city.
• The Gorakh hill station is situated 423 km (263 mi) from Karachi and nearly 8 hours'
driving distance.
S
• The Hill station attracts thousands of tourists from the city.
I R
• The name Gorakh is derived from the Sindhi language in which, word "Gorakhnath" refers
A
to a popular Hindu Saint associated with the deity Shiva and that Balochi-language word
F
"Gurkh" is later dialectic adaptation of Sindhi-language word Gorakh but there is no
A F
connection of Persian Gurg and Balochi Gurkh means wolf with word of Sindh language.
• It is believed that the name is derived from original Word Gorakh either of Sanskrit or
IE F
Sindhi language which means very difficult and intricate.
• Different opinions have been given about the history and origin of the hill station.
the region.
B R
• It is said that the medieval Hindu saint, Gorakhnath, had extensively wandered in hills and
E
• According to Nandu, an authority on Sanskrit, Gorakh is a Sanskrit word which means
H
T
"shepherding of sheep, cow and goat, etc.
• Gorakh Hill Station is situated on one of the highest plateaus of Sindh, spread over 2,500
acres (10 km2) of land. The area is part of the Kirthar Mountain Range that makes the
border between Sindh and Baluchistan provinces in Pakistan.
7
The Brief Affairs
• Gorakh Hill Station is known for its nightlife, specially Bonfire setup.
• Gorakh's elevation gives it a special climate, with sub-zero temperatures during winter and
generally below 20 °C (68 °F) in summer, with about 120 mm of average annual rainfall.
• The Government of Sindh is in the process of constructing a new road from Dadu to
Gorakh Hill.
S
• There is a new rest house for visitors on the hill. Tourists can arrange their own transport
I R
from Sehwan Sharif to the hill station.
F A
A F
IE F
B R
H E
T
8
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Important Forts of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Important Forts of Sindh

• Neroon Kot (means place of ruler) is in Hyderabad. This area was governed by one of the
Sindhi ruler Neroon, from where the old name of Hyderabad was derived as Neroon Kot.
S
• Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro founded the city over the ruins of Neroon Kot in 1768.
I R
• Pakka Qilla is in Hyderabad.
A
• It was built by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro.
F
• Area of Pakka Qilla is 3 km. Height of Pakka Qilla is 40 feet.
• Kacha Qilla is in Hyderabad.
• It was built by Ghulam Shah Kalhoro.
A F
IE
• Kacha Qilla has 100 tanks over stoopa.
• Kacha Qilla has 3 gates. F
B R
• Tomb of Syed Muhammad Makki is in Kacha Qilla.
• Daleel Kot is in Sakrand, Nawabshah.
E
• It was built by Mir Daleel Khan Talpur.
H
T
• Daleel Kot has got 12 stoopa and 1 gate.
• Jaki Bandar Jo Kot is in Thətta.
• Killan Kot is in Thatta.
• Umar Kot is in district Umarkot.
• Umar Kot is named after Umar Soomro, king of Sindh who built it. 1
The Brief Affairs
• Umar Kot has got 5 stoopa.

• Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur was awarded 'Sher-e-Sindh' in Umar Kot.
S
• Golden Jooblee Celebration of Queen Victoria was celeberated in Umar Kot.
IR
• Unar Kot is in Taluka Golarchi, District Badin,
A
• It was built by Jam Unar of Samma Period.
F
• Unar Kot has got 28 stoopa and 2 gates.
F
• Rato Kot is near Bhambore.
A
• Kot- Diji is in Khairpur Miras,
F
• It was built by Mir Suhrab Khan.
IE
• Qilla Ahmed Abad is the old name of Kot Diji.
R
• Rani Kot (Queen's Fort) is near Sunn in district Jamshoro.
B
• It is known as the great wall of Sindh.
E
• It is also one of the biggest fort of the world.
H
• There are three inner forts in Rani Kot namely Mirkot, Sher Garh and Mohan kot.
T
• Circumference of Rani Kot is approximately 32km and 20miles.
• Rani Kot is 90 km (56 miles) to the north of Hyderabad on the national highway.
• Rani Kot was refurbished by Mir Karam Ali Khan Talpur and Mir Murad Ali in 1812 at a
cost of 1.2 million rupees.
2
• Nand kot is in Jatoi, Thatta.
The Brief Affairs
• Naon Kot is in district Tharparkar.

• Naon Kot is also known as Fateh Garh.
• Naon Kot has got 9 stoopa.
S
IR
• It was built by Karam Ali Khan Talpur in 1814.
A
• Manhori Qo Qillo was built by Mir Karam Ali Khan.
F
• Manhori Jo Qillo is near Karachi.
A F
IE F
B R
HE
T
3
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Old and new names of
cities and places of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Old and new names of cities and places of Sindh

Old Names New Names
1) SATHI PARGANO NOSHEHRO FEROZ
S
2) CHANDKA PARGANO LARKANA
IR
3) LAKHAT PARGANO SAKARAND, HALA & MATIARI
4) LOHANO PARGANO SHAHDADPUR
A
5) SEWISTAN SEWHAN
F
KARACHI
F
6) KALACHI OR KOLACHI
7) KHAN GARH JACOB-ABAD
A
8) PIPRI BIN QASIM
F
9) JATOI PARGANO SHIKARPUR (During Shah Jahan Mughal Region)
I E
10) PATALA OR NEROON KOT HYDERABAD
BENAZIR ABAD
R
11) NAWABSHAH
12) MAHATMA GANDHI ARCH AYUB GATE
B
13) LITERACY TOWER PIR ILLAHI BUX TOWER (SUKKUR)
E
14) SHAHDADPUR SHADADKOT (There was another shadadpur in
H
sanghar so name was changed in 1926,
T
15) QILA AHMED ABAD KOT DIJI QILLA
16) SHAHBAZ BUILDING (HYDERABAD) ONE UNIT BUILDING
17) DAS GARDEN RANI BAGH/QUEEN'S GARDEN (HYDERABAD)
18) TAJAR BAGH JINAH BAGH (LARKANA)
19) GIAN BAG ZULFIQAR BAGH (LARKANA)
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
GEOGRAPHICAL EPITHETS
OF CITIES OF SINDH
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
GEOGRAPHICAL EPITHETS OF CITIES OF SINDH

EPITHETS CITY NAMES
1) CITY OF AIRS HYDERABAD
IRS
A
2) CITY OF LEADERS LARKANA
F
3) CITY OF HOT WEATHER JACOB ABAD
4) WALL OF SINDH LIKE-CHINA
5) CITY OF ACADEMIES
A F
RANI KOT
JAMSHORO
6) CITY OF LIGHTS
I EF KARACHI
R
7) CITY OF DATE PALMS KHAIRPUR
B
8) CITY OF MANGOES MIRPUR KHAS
E
9) UROOS-ul-BILAAD (Bridge of Cities) KARACHI
H
10) RED CHILI CAPITAL OF ASIA KUNRI (City in Umarkot)
T
11) CITY OF WINDS JAMSHORO
12) CITY OF SEVEN SISTERS ROHRI
13) CITY OF HANDICRAFTS HALA
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
IMPORTANT WAH AND
CANALS OF SINDH
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
IMPORTANT WAH AND CANALS OF SINDH
1) BEGARI CANAL SUKKUR
S
2) SEHARRWAH OBAARO, GHOTKI
IR
3) MASSO WAH SUKKUR
A
4) ARORR WAH- SUKKUR
F
5) GIRRAG WAH SUKKUR
F
6) GHARR WAH SUKKUR
A
7) LUNDI WAH GHOTKI
F
8) MIR WAH ROHRI
I E
9) OLHANDI NARA WAH AQIL GOTH, LARKANA
R
10) BAGHDAD WAH KHANOTE (VILLAGE IN JAMSHORO)
B
11) BAGHAIR CANAL (Also known as Baghar Darya) MIRPUR SAKRO
E
12) KALRI CANAL BETWEEN MIRPUR SAKRO AND THATTA
H
13) MEHRAB CANAL KHAIRPUR
T
14) NUSRAT BRANCH CANAL NAUSHAHRO FEROZE
16) NAO LAKHI MINOR IRRIGATION CANAL NAUSHAHRO FEROZE
17) ALI BAHAR KACHERI CANAL (Abandoned) SUKKUR
18) PHULELEI WAH (Also known as GONI WAH) HYDERABAD
The Brief Affairs
IMPORTANT WAH AND CANALS OF SINDH

19) SARFRAZ WAH Hyderabad (Named after Mian Sarfraz Khan
S
Kalhoro)
IR
20) NORTH WESTERN CANAL (NWC) (CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
A
21) RICE CANAL (CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
F
22) DADU CANAL (CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
F
23) Khairpur East and Khairpur West Feeder (CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
A
Canals
F
24) NARA CANAL (CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
E
(CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
I
25) ROHRI CANAL
(CANAL OF SUKKUR BARRAGE)
R
26) WEST FEEDER CANALS
B
27) GHOTKI FEEDER (CANAL OF GUDDU BARRAGE)
28) RAINEE CANAL (CANAL OF GUDDU BARRAGE)
E
29) BEGARI SINDH FEEDER (CANAL OF GUDDU BARRAGE)
H
30) DESERT PAT FEEDER (CANAL OF GUDDU BARRAGE)
T
31) KB FEEDER (CANAL OF KOTRI BARRAGE)
32) AKRAM WAH (CANAL OF KOTRI BARRAGE)
33) OLD FULELI (CANAL OF KOTRI BARRAGE)
34) NEW FULELI (CANAL OF KOTRI BARRAGE)
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
IMPORTANT LAKES IN SINDH
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
What is a Lake?
I RS
F A
A lake is an area filled with water,
localized in a basin,A F
surrounded by
I EF
B R
land, and set apart from any river or
H E
other outlet that serves to feed or
T the lake.
drain
The Brief Affairs
IMPORTANT LAKES IN SINDH

1) LANGH & DIRGH LAKES QAMBAR
S
2) SAMARRA LAKE SAMARO, UMARKOT
IR
3) MANCHAR LAKE JAMSHORO DISTRICT
4) KEENJHAR LAKE JHIRK CITY OF THATTA
A
5) HALEJI LAKE GUJJO CITY IN THATTA
F
6) MUKHI LAKE SANGHAR
F
7) SARRAN LAKE (Largest Salty Lake) DEPLO TALUKA
A
8) ACH LAKE TALUKA SHAH KARIM BULRI
9) AMEER PEER LAKE DADU
F
SEHWAN
E
10) LAKHANI LAKE
I
11) ANEETI LAKE KHAIRPUR NATHAN SHAH
R
12) BILAWALPUR LAKE JAMSHORO
UMARKOT
B
13) BHIGARI LAKE
14) SASUI LAKE MIRPUR SAKRO
E
15) SIRAN WARI LAKE SANGHAR
H
16) HAMAL LAKE QAMBAR, SHAHDADKOT
T
17) MAI FAPHAN LAKE MORO, NAUSHAHRO FEROZE
18) HADERO LAKE THATTA DISTRICT
19) MURADANI LAKE MIRPUR SAKRO
20) BAKRI WARO LAKE NEAR VILLAGE DUBBI, TEHSIL MIRWAH
21) QARAR LAKE BHIT SHAH
22) SHAKOOR LAKE Located between Sindh and Indian State of Gujrat
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
SOME CITIES OF SINDH
AND THEIR FOUNDERS
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
SOME CITIES OF SINDH AND THEIR FOUNDERS
S
1) TANDO ADAM ADAM KHAN MARI
IR
2) TANDO ALLAHYAR MIR ALLAHYAR s/o Mir Fateh Khan
3) Tando Muhammad Khan
F A
MIR MUHAMMAD KHAN Shahwani
4) SHAHDADKOT
A F
SHAHDAD KHAN
F
5) NOSHEHRO FEROZ FAQEER FEROZ WERRAR
6) KHUDABAD
RI E MIAN YAR MUHAMMAD Kalhoro
B
7) MORO FAREED BHAGAT
E
8) SHIKARPUR AMIR BAHADUR KHAN Daudpoto
T H
9) HYDERABAD
10) THATTA
MIAN GHULAM SHAH KALHORO
JAM NIZAMUDDIN (JAM-NANDO)
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
FAMOUS THINGS OF
CITIES OF SINDH
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
FAMOUS THINGS OF CITIES OF SINDH
1) MEHNDI & MAO MEHAR
S
2) BANGLES HYDERABAD
IR
3) GUAVA LARKANA
A
4) DATE PALMS KHAIRPUR
5) MANGOES
F F
MIRPUR KHAS
A
6) PICKLE SHIKARPUR
F
7) ICE CREAM MATIARI
8) SAJJI
10) PERRA
RI E TANDO ADAM
GHOTAKI
B
11) MIRCH MANDI KUNRI
12) GURR MANDI
H E MEHRAB-PUR
T
13) KHIR-PURA NASARPUR
14) AGHAM HALWO DADU
15) PALLO (FISH) JAMSHORO
16) HANDICRAFTS HALA
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Famous Mounds of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Famous Mounds of Sindh

• The distance is from Larkana to Moen-jo-Daro aro is 27 kms.
• Sir John Marshal discovered the ruins of Moen-jo-Daro in 1922.
S
• He was the DG Archaeological Survey of India from 1902-1928.
I R
• Kaho-jo-Daro is located in Mirpurkhas district.
A
• It was founded by Gen. John Jacob, the British Commissioner in Sindh.
F
• It’s over 30 acres.
• Chanhu-jo-Daro is situated in Nawab Shah.
A F
• It is near the village of Jamal Keerio 2 kilometers from Rohri Canal.
• Its excavation was disclosed in 1936.
IE F
• Jhokar-jo-Daro is located 10 km in the west of Larkana.
• It was discovered in 1921.
B R
• Amri-jo-Daro is located about 28 km near Sehwan.
E
• This was discovered in 1834.
H
T
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Famous Ports of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Famous Ports of Sindh
• Karachi Port - Karachi

R S
• Bin Qasim Port (Qasim Port) - Karachi A I
FF
• Kemari Port - Karachi
F A
IE
• Debal Port (Ancient Port) - Karachi
R
B
• Shah Bander Port (Ancient Port) - Sujawal
E
T H
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Famous Necropolis of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Famous Necropolis of Sindh
• Makli Hills - Thatta

R S
A I
• Adam Shah Ji Takri -FSukkur
A F
• Ganjo Takkar - Hyderabad
I E F
• ChaukundiRTombs - Karachi
E B
T H
1
The Brief Affairs
Sindhi
Springs of Sindh
SPSC CCE- Written
SPSC One Paper
The Brief Affairs
Springs of Sindh
R S
• Manghopir - Karachi AI
• Jhampeer - ThattaAF
F
F
IE Saddar Sehwan
• Laki - Laki Shah
B R
H E
T
1

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The Brief Affairs

General History of Sindh and Sindhi Literature

great) rendered it into Indos, hence modern Indus.

SHAH ABDUL LATIF BHITTAI

• URS Of SHAH ABDUL LATIF is celebrated on 14TH OF URS (RAB-UL-AWAL) every

• Full name of DR.H.T.SORLEY is HERBERT TOWER SORLEY.

• Suhni, a Soormi of SHAH ABDUL LATIF, is engraved in Shahdadpur.

• Ancestors of Latif belonged to Hirat.

ARAB PERIOD: 712 A.D TO 1050 A.D

SOOMRA DYNASTY: 1025 A.D TO 1352 A.D

SAMMA DYNASTY: 1350 A.D TO 1521 A.D

• This period is known to be a period of liberal development of Sindhi Literature.

For SPSC CCE-Screening

Argon: 1521 A.D to 1555 A.D

• 1st Afsaana of sindhi is “Sudhatori & Khudhatori” by Miran Muhammad.

• The National Institute of Oceanology was built in Karachi in 1982.

Questions from past papers also included:

• Mukhi house is in Hyderabad .

• It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jehan in 1647.

• Tomb of Jam Nando is in Thatta.

Questions from past papers also included:

• The site Aaseli-Jo-Daro is also in district Badin.

Nouh Ji Kuni situated in district Badin.

Questions from past papers also included:

Some other cities of Sindh in brief with

• Tharparkar is in Mirpur Khas Division.

• Sukkur district is among one of the districts of Sukkur Division.

• Ghotki is among one of the districts of Sukkur Division.

• The distance from Larkana to Moen-Jo-Daro is 27km, discovered in 1922.

• Drigh Lake is in Qambar Shahdadkot.

Indus Water Treaty 1960:

• Also called Sindh Tass Agreement.

• Kotri Barrage is situated 3 miles North of Hyderabad City

Famous Mountains and Hills of Sindh

Gorakh Hill Station

• According to Nandu, an authority on Sanskrit, Gorakh is a Sanskrit word which means

• Gorakh Hill (‫ )گورک‬is a hill station of Sindh, Pakistan.

Important Forts of Sindh

• Umar Kot has got 5 stoopa.

• Naon Kot is in district Tharparkar.

Old and new names of cities and places of Sindh

GEOGRAPHICAL EPITHETS OF CITIES OF SINDH

1) CITY OF AIRS HYDERABAD

IMPORTANT WAH AND CANALS OF SINDH

1) BEGARI CANAL SUKKUR

IMPORTANT WAH AND CANALS OF SINDH

IMPORTANT LAKES IN SINDH

SOME CITIES OF SINDH AND THEIR FOUNDERS

RI E MIAN YAR MUHAMMAD Kalhoro

FAMOUS THINGS OF CITIES OF SINDH

1) MEHNDI & MAO MEHAR

Famous Mounds of Sindh

Famous Ports of Sindh

• Karachi Port - Karachi

Famous Necropolis of Sindh

• Makli Hills - Thatta

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