Conceptual Framework

This study focused on unveiling the Barriers Encountered in teaching using the English

language as a medium of instruction at Bicol College. As a result, the relationship between

barriers encountered and the causes of the barriers in teaching using the English language was

recognized and made a significant association with the rest of the study variable, as shown in

figure 1.

Lecturers have experienced great difficulty in making students understand the knowledge

of the teaching content if the English language is their L2 (William Dharma Raja & Selvi, 2011).

This is because L2 learners require conscious effort to learn it and their exposure to the English

language is limited. This is a different case of learning their first language (L1) or mother tongue

whereby they learn it easily due to the favorable environment and by the great amount of

exposure to their L1.

The conceptual framework used in the study is the Input-process-output model, as shown

in figure 1. The conceptual framework of the study where the input consists of identifying the

barriers to teaching using the English language as a medium of instruction. Citing the causes of

the barriers in teaching using English as a medium of instruction. Determining the strategies used

by the lecturers in using English as a medium of instruction. While on the other side, the process

used is by presenting a letter of consent to the school principal to conduct a preliminary survey

and analyzing and presenting the findings and results of the questionnaire. The IPO model

provided the general structure and guide for the direction of the study. Substituting the variables

of this study on the IPO model, the researchers came up with the following model.
 Input
Process
Output
 Identify the  The barriers in
barriers in teaching Present letter to the school
principal of the school teaching using
using English English language
language as a Preliminary survey through as a medium of
medium of data gathering procedure, instruction was
instruction. collection and analysis of identified.
 Cite the causes of data and presenting of  The causes of the
the barriers in findings/results. barriers in teaching
teaching using using English
English language
language as a
as a medium of
medium of
instruction.
instruction was
 Determining the
strategies used in cited.
teaching using  The strategies used
English as a in teaching using
medium of English as a
instruction. medium of
 Propose measures instruction
to overcome the determined.
barriers.  There are possible
solutions.

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