Communication is the process of passing ideas,

information, and thoughts between two or more

people. It uses words to deliver a message. Its main
purpose is to correctly pass the information, thus
creating clarity of thoughts and removing
misunderstanding. This involves speech (oral) or a
written text.
 Visual is any communication that can
be perceived by the eyes. Any visual signs,
like gestures, facial expressions, but also a
traffic light, a sign post or a signage. Non-
verbal materials are also types of visual
communication like charts, graphs, tables
and maps.
Common Types of Visual or Non-Verbal
Illustrations
A. Graphs are visuals that show
relationships between data and are
intended to display the data in a
way that is easy to understand and
remember. People often use graphs
and charts to demonstrate trends,
patterns and relationships between
sets of data. Graphs may be
preferable to display certain types
of data.

➢ It illustrates how related
data changes over a
specific period of time.
➢ One axis might display a
value, while the other axis
shows the timeline.
➢ Line graphs are useful for
illustrating trends such as
temperature changes
during certain dates.
1. Line graph
To express the movement of
the line, you should use
appropriate verbs,
adjectives, and adverbs
depending on the kind of
action you need to show. For
this, you should use the
following vocabulary:
Verbs: rise, increase, grow,
go up to, climb, boom, peak,
fall, decline, decrease, drop,
dip, go down, reduce, level
up, remain stable, no change,
remain steady, stay
constant, stay, maintain the
same level, crash, collapse,
plunge, plummet.

➢Adjectives:
sharp, rapid, huge,
dramatic, substantial,
considerable,
significant, slight, small,
minimal, massive.
1. Line graph
➢ Adverbs: There is also a list of
adverbs to describe the
dramatically, rapidly, speed of a change:
hugely, massive, sharply, rapidly, quickly, swiftly,
steeply, considerably, suddenly, steadily,
substantially, gradually, slowly.
significantly, slightly,
minimally, markedly.
In the example above, suppose we want to know during which quarter sales first fell below 5.
We can draw a line across from 5 on the y-axis (red line on the example), and see that it was
during quarter 2.
 2. Bar Graph

➢it gives information

➢may be horizontal or about numbers and is The words used to
vertical; used to show describe bar graphs are
comparison by means pretty similar to ones
of bars of different used for the line graphs.
sizes or heavy lines
drawn to scale.
You can see immediately that this graph gives you a clear picture of which category
is largest and which is smallest. It gives a clear comparison between categories.
 3. Pictograph

➢ illustrates data using

pictures. Usually a picture
represents a each
category:

The example shows an

image of a person to show
the number of people in
each category.
 4. Histogram

➢illustrates the ➢For example, a ➢The height or

distribution of histogram might length of each bar
numeric data display how many in the histogram
across categories. people belong to a shows how many
➢People often use certain age range people are in each
histograms to within a population. category.
illustrate statistics.
4. Histogram

To show this data in a

histogram, your x-axis
would be numbered in 10s
from 0 to your highest age,
your y-axis from 0 to 8 (the
highest number of people
in any group), and there
would be no gaps between
the bars, because there are
no gaps between the age
ranges.
 5. Pie Graph

➢shows how a whole

is divided into
different parts. A pie
chart looks like a
circle (or a pie) cut up
into segments.

This data shows the sales figures for a year, broken down by quarters: Quarterly
Sales Figures: 1st Quarter- 8.2, 2nd Quarter-3.2, 3rd Quarter- 1.4, 4th Quarter- 1.2
 5. Pie Graph

The following comparison words can be used interchangeably:

to compare, compared to as opposed to, versus, more than,
the majority of, only a small monitory, greater than, less
than.
B. Tables
• allow you to organize your content in a
web of rows and columns;
• They are commonly used to make it easier
for readers to digest large amounts of
information, or when it is required to
compare different types of data.
The example above shows the number of corona virus cases in the
Philippines.
C. Information Maps
▪ are diagrams that represent visually
the way topics and concepts are
related and organize;
▪ They are used to understand and
handle complex information, to
generate ides, to plan, and to
organize.
 1. Mind Maps

➢ have a main topic,

which is generally
placed centrally;
➢ All subtopics, sub-
sub-topics etc.
radiate out from
that main topic.
In the example, all the words connected in the center are related to each other.
It will make you think of other words connected to the main topic and sub topics.
 2. Concept Map

➢is a visual ➢Most concept map ➢It helps organize

organizer that can organizers engage new information
enrich students’ students in and deepens
understanding of a answering questions understanding and
new concept. such as, “What is it? comprehension.
What are some
examples?”.
The example shows
the relationship of
words or ideas for
deeper understanding
of the main concept
and ideas related to
it.
 REMEMBER:
To interpret these illustrations effectively, the reader must keep his purpose in
mind. The following suggestions may be helpful:
1. Get a general idea of the contents by reading the title carefully and
determining what items are being examined, compared, or illustrated.
2. Look for general truths and general trends.
3. Look for specific points you need.
4. Try to analyze the reason for the use of the particular form you are studying.
5. Try to get the implication of the data. Form your own inference and
conclusion.
1. How many safety equipment are
represented in the graph?
2. Which of the safety equipment when
combined represent ¼ of the pie
graph?
3. Which of the equipment is used the
most?
4. Which equipment is used the least?
5. What can you conclude from this
graph?
1. How many barangays are
represented in the graph?
2. Which barangays have equal number
of recoveries?
3. Which of the barangays has the
most number of recoveries?
4. Which has the least?
5. What can you conclude from this
graph?