SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 1

EXERCISE – 3: ADVANCED OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

F   m 2 x
Objective Questions I [Only one correct option]
1. A simple harmonic motion is represented by 8
So slope of given graph    4   m 2
x (t) = 10 sin (20 t + 0.5). The amplitude (A) of the 2
S.H.M. is m = 0.01 kg
(a) A = 30 (b) A = 20   2  400
(c) A = 10 (d) A = 5    20
Ans. (c)
Sol. Comparing the given equation with standard equation
2
And T   0.3 sec
for SHM 
4. If a particle under S.H.M. has time period 0.1 sec and
i.e., x  A sin (t   ) amplitude 2 × 10–3 m. It has maximum velocity
 A  10  
2. The vertical motion of a ship at sea is described by (a) m/s (b) m/ s
25 26
d2x 
the equation   4 x , where x is the vertical (c) m/s (d) None of these
dt 2 30
height of the ship (in metre) above its mean position. Ans. (a)
If it oscillates up to a height of 1 m from its mean Sol. Maximum velocity of SHM  A
position.
2
(a) its maximum vertical speed will be 1 m/s  Vmax  A 
(b) its maximum vertical speed will be 2 m/s T
(c) its greatest vertical acceleration is 2 m/s2 2
 2 103 
(d) its greatest vertical acceleration is 1 m/s2 0.1
Ans. (b) 
 m/ s
Sol. Since that, 25
d2x 5. For a particle executing simple harmonic motion,
  4x
dt 2 which of the following statements is not correct
Comparing with standard equation (a) The total energy of the particle always remains the
d2x same
 2 x (b) The restoring force is always directed towards a
dt 2
fixed point
 2  4    2
(c) The restoring force is maximum at the extreme
Also, amplitude = 1 m positions
Maximum acceleration   2 A  4 m/s2 (d) The acceleration of the particle is maximum at the
And Maximum vertical speed  A  2  1  2 m/s equilibrium position.
Ans. (d)
3. A body of mass 0.01 kg executes simple harmonic
motion (S.H.M.) about x = 0 under the influence of a 1
Sol. Total energy  m 2 A2
force shown below: The period of the S.H.M. is 2
Restoring force   m 2 x
and acceleration    2 x
So, (d) is incorrect as at equilibrium position, x = 0
i.e., acceleration is zero

(a) 1.05 s (b) 0.52 s

(c) 0.25 s (d) 0.30 s
Ans. (d)
Sol. According to standard equation,
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 2

6. The variation of the acceleration a of the particle 8. The acceleration a of a particle undergoing SHM is
executing S.H.M. with displacement x is as shown in shown in the figure. Which of the labelled points
the figure. corresponds to the particle being at –xmax?
a
a

(a) (b)

x x

a a
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 2 (d) 1
(c) x (d) x
Ans. (d)
Sol. When particle is at  xmax , it experiences acceleration
Ans. (c)
  towards mean position i.e., positive a max So point 1 is
Sol. a    2 x
  correct answer.
a  x
9. The equation of motion of a particle executing simple
harmonic motion is a  16p2 x  0 . In this equation, a
is the linear acceleration in m/s2 of the particle at a
displacement x in metre. The time period in simple
harmonic motion is
1 1
(a) s (b) s
4 2
(c) 1 s (d) 2 s
7. What is the maximum acceleration of the particle Ans. (b)
doing the SHM Sol. Given, a  16 2 x
 t  Comparing with standard equation,
y  2sin     , where y is in cm.
2  a   2 x
2
     4
(a) cm/s 2 (b) cm/s 2
2 2
2 1
 2  T  sec
(c) cm/s 2 (d) cm/s 2  2
4 4 10. The displacement of a particle moving in S.H.M. at
Ans. (b) any instant is given by y  a sin t . The acceleration
 
Sol. y  2 sin  t    T
2  after time t  is (where T is the time period)
4
comparing with y  A sin (t   ) (a) a (b) a
 A2 (c) a 2 (d)  a 2
 Ans. (d)
and  
2 Sol. y  a sin (t )
2 2 dy
max acceleration   2 A  2  cm / s 2 Differentiating,  v  a cos (t )
4 2 dt
dv
Differentiating, a   a 2 sin (t )
dt
T T 2 T 
At t  ,  t    
4 4 T 4 2
 
 a   a 2 sin  
2
2
 a   a
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 3

11. The potential energy of a particle executing S.H.M. is 1

Sol. Total energy of oscillation  mω2 A 2
2.5 J, when its displacement is half of amplitude. The 2
total energy of the particle is 1 2 2
(a) 18 J (b) 10 J   0.1  2  20    0.05  2
2
(c) 12 J (d) 2.5 J 15. A particle is executing simple harmonic motion with
Ans. (b) a period of T seconds and amplitude a metre. The
1 a
Sol. Potential energy  m 2 y 2 shortest time it takes to reach a point m from its
2
2
A 1 A2 mean position in seconds is
At y   2.5  m 2
2 2 4 T
1 (a) T (b)
 m 2 A2  10  Total energy 4
2 T T
12. A particle is vibrating in a simple harmonic motion (c) (d)
8 16
with amplitude 4 cm. At what distance from the
Ans. (c)
equilibrium is its energy half potential and half
Sol. Since particle begins form its mean position
kinetic?
(a) 2 2 cm (b) 2 cm So, it motion can be expressed as y  a sin (t )
(c) 3 cm (d) 1 cm
a
Ans. (a) As per given data y 
2
1
Sol. For SHM; K.E. = m 2 [ A2  y 2 ]
2 a
  a sin (t )
1 2
and P.E  m 2 y 2
2
TE 
As per the given data, PE  KE   t  (for shortest time)
2 4
 A2  y 2  y 2   T T
 t  
A 4 4  2 8
 y
2
16. A particle of mass 0.1 kg is executing SHM of
Given A = 4 cm amplitude 0.1 m. When the particle passes through
 y   2 2 cm the mean position, its KE is 8 × 10-3 J. Find the
13. Energy of particle executing SHM depends upon equation of motion of the particle, if the initial phase
(a) amplitude only of oscillation is 45°
(b) amplitude and frequency    
(a) y  0.1cos  3t   (b) y  0.1sin  6t  
(c) velocity only  4  4
(d) frequency only  
 
Ans. (b) (c) y  0.1sin  4t   (d) y  0.1cos  4t  
 4  4
1
Sol. Total energy of SHM  m 2 A2 Ans. (c)
2 Sol. When particle crosses its mean position, its potential
But   2 f energy = 0,
So, it depends on frequency, amplitude and mass 1
only. So, kinetic energy = Total energy  m 2 A2
2
14. A particle of mass 0.10 kg executes SHM with an
1
amplitude 0.05 m and frequency 20 Hz. Its energy of  8  103   0.1   2  (0.1) 2
2
oscillation is [given :  2  10]
  2  16    4
(a) 2 J (b) 4 J
So, equation of motion is
(c) 1 J (d) zero
y  A sin (t   )
Ans. (a)
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 4

 
 y  0.1 sin  4t  
 4
17. A particle of mass 0.1 kg executes SHM under a force 19. Two simple harmonic motions are represented by the
F = (–10x) Newton. Speed of particle at mean  
equations y1  0.1sin 100 t   and
position is 6 m/s. Then amplitude of oscillations is  3
(a) 0.6 m (b) 0.2 m y2  0.1cos  t . The phase difference of the velocity
(c) 0.4 m (d) 0.1 m of particle 1 with respect to the velocity of particle 2
Ans. (a) is
Sol. Since F   m 2 x  
(a) (b)
and it is given that F = –10x 3 6
 m 2  10  
(c) (d)
 0.1   2  10 6 3
Ans. (c)
   10
 
Also, speed at mean position = maximum speed Sol. y1  0.1 sin 100  t   … (i)
 3
 A
 
 6  A  10 y2  0.1 cos [ t ]  0.1 sin  t   …(ii)
 2
 A  0.6 m So, from (i) and (ii),
18. The displacement time equation of a particle Phase difference of 1 wrt 2 at t = 0
executing SHM is: x  A sin  t    . At time t = 0   
  
A 3 2 6
position of the particle is x  and it is moving
2 20. If < E > and < U > denote the average kinetic and the
along negative x-direction. Then the angle  can be: average potential energies respectively of mass
describing a simple harmonic motion, over one
period, then the correct relation is
 
(a) (b) (a) < E > = < U > (b) < E > = 2 <U >
6 3
(c) < E > = – 2 <U > (d) < E >= – < U >
2 5 Ans. (a)
(c) (d)
3 6 Sol. Average K.E = Average P.E over in once cycle 1
Ans. (d) cycle
Sol. 1
 m  2 A2
4
So, < E > = < U >
21. The following figure depicts a circular motion. The
radius of the circle, the period of revolution, the
A initial position and the sense of revolution are
Since at t = 0, x 
2 indicated on the figure. The simple harmonic motion
So, according to equation, x  A sin [t   ] of the x–projection of the radius vector of the rotating
1  5 particle P can be shown as :
sin      or
2 6 6
Since at t = 0, velocity is negative
So, differentiating equation
x  A sin (t   )
dx
 v  A cos (t   )
dt
 2 t  
At t = 0, v will be (a) x  t   a cos   
 4 4
5  t 
negative if    
6 (b) x  t   a cos   
 4 4
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 5

 2 t    a  A  A cos ( ) ...(1)

(c) x  t   a sin   
 4 4 From t =  to t = 2  , displacement of particle is 2a
  t    3a  A  A cos (2 ) ...(2)
(d) x  t   a cos   
 3 2  Aa 
Ans. (a) From equation (1) cos ( )   
 A 
Sol.
A  3a
From equation (2) 2 cos 2 ( )  1 
A
2
 Aa  A  3a
 2  1 
 A  A
2 A2  2a 2  4aA 2 A  3a
 
A2 A
2 2 2
 2A + 2a – 4aA = 2A – 3aA
2
According to question At t = 0, the x projection of  2a = aA
particle appears to be moving towards left.  A = 2a
So its velocity < 0 From equation (1) we have
At t = 0, displacement of x-projection
 Aa  1
a cos ( )   
 a cos 45º   A  2
2

2 2    
   sec 3
T 4 2
 2  
So (b) and (d) are wrong options    
 T  3
Also, for option (c),
dx 2  2 t    T  6
v a cos    23. In SHM for how many times potential energy is equal
dt 4  4 4
to kinetic energy during one complete period?
at t = 0, v > 0
(a) 1 (b) 2
So, option (c) is also wrong
(c) 4 (d) 8
22. A particle moves with simple harmonic motion in a
Ans. (c)
straight line. In first s, after starting from rest it
Sol. In SHM,
travels a distance a, and in next  s it travels 2a, in
K.E = P.E
same direction, then :
A
(a) time period of oscillations is 8 x
(b) amplitude of motion is 4a 2
(c) time period of oscillations is 6 This happens 4 times during one oscillation.
(d) amplitude of motion is 3a
Ans. (c)
Sol.

24. Velocity at mean position of a particle executing

SHM is v. Velocity of the particle at a distance equal
to half of the amplitude will be
v v
(a) (b)
2 2
3 3
(c) v (d) v
2 4
Ans. (c)
From t = 0 to t =  , displacement of particle in SHM Sol. Velocity at mean position  v0  A
is At any other position,
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 6

T/ 4
v  A2  x 2 1
 m 2 A 2 cos 2 ( t).dt
2 1
A  0
 m 2 A 2
At x = T/ 4
4
2
 dt
0
3 3
v A  v0
2 2 1 2
 m  2  A 2
25. A particle executes linear simple harmonic motion 4
with an amplitude of 2 cm. When the particle is at 1 27. The maximum acceleration of a particle in SHM is
cm from the mean position the magnitude of its made two times keeping the maximum speed to be
velocity is equal to that of its acceleration. Then its constant. It is possible when
time period in seconds is (a) amplitude of oscillation is doubled while
1 frequency remains constant
(a) (b) 2 3 (b) amplitude is doubled while frequency is halved
2 3
(c) frequency is doubled while amplitude is halved
2 3 (d) frequency of oscillation is doubled while
(c) (d)
3 2 amplitude remains constant
Ans. (c) Ans. (c)
Sol. Given A = 2 cm Sol. amax   2 A
Also, v   A2  x 2 and vmax   A
2
and a   x according to question amax is doubled and vmax
Given that at x = 1 cm  v = a remains constant so if frequency is doubled i.e., is
  2
2  1   1 2 doubled and amplitude is halved; this can be
achieved.
 3   2 t
28. A particle moves according to the law x = a cos .
2 2
  3 
T The distance covered by it in the time interval
2 between t = 0 to t = 3 s is
T 
3 (a) 2a (b) 3a
26. A particle of mass m executes simple harmonic (c) 4a (d) 5a
motion with amplitude a and frequency  . The Ans. (b)
average kinetic energy during its motion from the  
Sol. x  a cos  t 
position of equilibrium to the ends is 2 
(a) 2 2 ma 2 2 (b)  2 ma 2 2 2 2
 T   2  4sec
1  
(c)  2 ma 2 2 (d) 4 ma v2 2 2

4  time taken to reach mean position from extreme

Ans. (c) 4
position   1s
Sol. 4
 KE.dt So in 3 sec body covers 3 times of its amplitude.
average KE,  KE  So, distance covered = 3a
 dt 29. The potential energy of a harmonic oscillator of mass
T/ 4
2 kg in its mean position is 5J. If its total energy is 9J
 KE.dt
0
and its amplitude is 0.01 m, its time period will be
 KE  T/ 4
 
 dt (a) s (b) s
0
100 50
 
(c)   s (d) none of these
 20 
Ans. (a)
Sol. At mean position,
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 7

1 Sol.
K.E.  m  2 A2  9  5
2
1
  2   2  (0.01) 2  4
2
x  A cos (t )
   200
 x  5 cos (t )
2 
  200  T  sec When x = 2.5 cm
T 100
30. Two particles are executing SHM in a straight line. 1
 cos ( t ) 
Amplitude A and time period T of both the particles 2
are equal. At time t = 0, one particle is at 
 t 
A 3
displacement x1 = +A and the other at x 2  and
2  T
t   1 sec
they are approaching towards each other. After what 3  2
time they cross each other? 32. A particle executing harmonic motion is having
T T velocities v1 and v2 at distance x1 and x2 from the
(a) (b)
3 4 equilibrium position. The amplitude of the motion is
5T T v12 x 22  v 22 x12 v12 x12  v 22 x 22
(c) (d) (a) (b)
6 6 v12  v 22 v12  v 22
Ans. (d)
Sol. v12 x 22 - v 22 x12 v12 x 22  v 22 x12
(c) (d)
v12 - v 22 v12  v 22
Ans. (c)
Sol. v  A2  x 2
Equation of motion for particles 1 is
x  A cos (t ) v1   A2  x12 … (1)
And for particles 2, equation of motion of particle 2 v2   A2  x22 … (2)
is,
  v1 A2  x12
x   A cos  t   
 3 v2 A2  x22
For these particles to meet each other, A2  x12 v12
  
 A cos (t )   A cos   t   A2  x22 v22
 3
v22 A2  x12 v22  A2 v12  x22 v12
 
 t       t  A2 (v12  v22 )  x22 v12  x12 v22
3 
2 x22 v12  x12 v22
 2 t  A
3 v12  v22
  T 33. A certain simple harmonic vibrator of mass 0.1 kg has
t   
3 2 6 a total energy of 10 J. Its displacement from the mean
3
T position is 1cm when it has equal kinetic and
31. A particle is executing S.H.M. of amplitude 5 cm and potential energies. The amplitude A and frequency f
period 6 sec. How long will it take to move from one of vibration of the vibrator are
end of its path on one side of mean position to a 500
position 2.5 cm on the same side of the mean (a) A  2 cm, f  Hz
π
position?
1000
(a) 1.5 sec (b) 1 sec (b) A  2 cm, f  Hz
π
(c) 3 sec (d) 3.5 sec
Ans. (b)
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 8

1 500 (c) simple harmonic motion with period of 0.1 s

(c) A  cm, f  Hz
2 π (d) simple harmonic motion with period of 0.2 s.
Ans. (c)
1 1000
(d) A  cm, f  Hz Sol. y  0.2sin (10  t  1.5 ) cos (10 t  1.5 )
2 π
Ans. (a)  y  0.1 sin [20 t  3 ]
Sol. For equal values of K.E and P.E of the vibrating This motion is SHM
body, 2
and   20 
1 1 T
m  2 y 2  m  2 [ A2  y 2 ]
2 2  T  0.1 s
A 36. Maximum velocity in SHM is v m . The average
 y
2 velocity during motion from one extreme point to the
A other extreme point will be:
According to question,  1  A  2 cm
2 π 2
(a) v m (b) v m
1 2 π
Also, Total energy  m  2 A2
2 4 π
(c) vm (d) vm
1 π 4
 10   0.1   2  (2 104 )
2 Ans. (b)
2 Sol. v  A sin t
   103 
T Time taken by the particle from positive extreme to
 500 T
T  So f  negative extreme t 
500  2
T
34. A particle of mass m is executing simple harmonic 2
oscillations about the origin on the x-axis. Its
 v dt
potential energy is U(x)  k x 3 , where k is a vavg  0
T
2
positive constant. If the amplitude of oscillation is a,
then its time period T is  dt
0

1 T
(a) proportional to (b) proportional to a 2
a
 A sin (t ) dt
(c) proportional to a (d) proportional a 3/ 2 vavg  0
T
Ans. (a)
2
Sol. U  kx 3
T
dU 2 A  cos t  2
But force, F   vavg    
dx T  0
 F  3kx 2 2 A  cos T / 2  cos 0 
2
   
So, a  x T    
  2a  a2 2 A
   cos   cos 0
  a T
2 A 2 A
 T
1 vavg  1  1 
2 
a
vmax  A
35. The displacement of the particle from its mean
position (in metre) is given by vm  A
y = 0.2 sin (10t + 1.5) cos (10t + 1.5). 2vm
The motion of the particle is vavg 

(a) periodic but not simple harmonic motion
(b) non periodic
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 9

37. Force constant of a weightless spring is 16 N/m. A k

body of mass 1.0 kg suspended from it is pulled down 2 f 
m
through 5 cm from its mean position and then
k
released. The maximum kinetic energy of the body  400 2 ( f  10 Hz )
will be m
m 1
(a) 2 × 10–2 J (b) 4 × 10–2 J 
k 400 2
(c) 8 × 10–2 J (d) 16 × 10–2 J
vmax  A
Ans. (a)
Sol. k (force constant) = 16 N/m mg
A
m = 1 kg k
Elongation (x) = 5 cm = 0.05 m g
v max   20π
1 400π 2
K.E.  kx 2
2 1
1 vmax  m/s
K.E.  16  (0.05) 2 2π
2 40. To make the frequency double of an oscillator, we
K.E. = 0.02 J have to
–2
K.E. = 2 × 10 J (a) Double the mass
38. A particle is attached to a vertical spring and is pulled (b) Half the mass
down a distance 0.04 m below its equilibrium (c) Quadruple the mass
position and is released from rest. The initial upward (d) Reduce the mass to one-fourth
acceleration of the particle is 0.30 m/s2. The period of Ans. (d)
the oscillation is
1 k
(a) 4.08 s (b) 1.92 s Sol. f 
2 m
(c) 3.90 s (d) 2.29 s
Ans. (d) So (d) is correct option.
41. Two bodies M and N of equal masses are suspended
Sol. Initial acceleration   2 y
from two separate massless springs of force constants
  2  0.04  0.3 k1 and k 2 respectively. If the two bodies oscillate
30 vertically such that their maximum velocities are
 2 
4 equal, the ratio of the amplitude M to that of N is
15 2 k1 k1
   (a) (b)
2 T k2 k2
2 k2 k2
 T  2  2.29 sec (c) (d)
15 k1 k1
39. Frequency of a particle executing SHM is 10 Hz. The
Ans. (d)
particle is suspended from a vertical spring. At the
Sol. Maximum velocity of oscillating body  A 
highest point of its oscillation the spring is
unstretched. Maximum speed of the particle is: (g = According to the question, 1 A1  2 A2
10 m/s2) k2
(a) 2 m / s (b)  m / s A1 2 m2 k2
   
1 1 A2 1 k1 k1
(c) m/s (d) m/s
 2 m1
Ans. (d) 42. In arrangement given in figure, if the block of mass m
Sol. Mean position of particle is mg = kx is displaced, the frequency is given by
mg
x
k
k

m
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 10

1 k1 – k2 1 k1  k2
(a) f  (b) f 
2 m 2 m
1 m 1 m
(c) f  (d) f 
2 k1  k2 2 k1 – k2
Ans. (b)
Sol. Since the springs are in parallel.
So net spring constant  k1  k2 1/ 2 1/ 2
M   2M 
1 k1  k2 (a) 2   (b) 2  
So, f  K  K 
2 m 1/ 2
Mg sin   2Mg 
43. Three masses 700 g, 500 g, and 400 g are suspended (c) 2 (d) 2  
at the end of as spring as shown and are in 2K  K 
equilibrium. When the 700g mass is removed, the Ans. (a)
system oscillates with a period of 3 seconds, when the Sol. Springs connected are is parallel.
500 gm mass is also removed, it will oscillate with a So, knet  k  k  2k
period of M
So, T  2
2k
45. Four massless springs whose force constants are 2k,
2k, k and 2 k respectively are attached to a mass M
kept on a frictionless plane (as shown in figure). If the
mass M is displaced in the horizontal direction, then
the frequency of the system.

(a) 1 s (b) 2 s
12
(c) 3 s (d) s
5
Ans. (b)
Sol. When 700 gm mass is removed, 1 k 1 4k
(a) (b)
Oscillating mass = 0.9 kg 2 4M 2 M
0.9 1 k 1 7k
 3  2 … (i) (c) (d)
k 2 7M 2 M
When 500 gm is also removed,
Ans. (b)
0.4 Sol. Springs 2k and 2k are in series
 T  2
k 2k  2k
So, knet  k
3 9 2 k  2k
  T  2
T 4 Springs 2k and k are in parallel.
44. On a smooth inclined plane, a body of mass M is So, knet  2k  k  3k
attached between two springs. The other ends of the Finally, 3k and k are in parallel.
springs are fixed to firm supports. If each spring has So, knet  4k
force constant k, the period of oscillation of the body
(assuming the springs as massless) is 1 4k
So, f 
2 M
46. m1 and m2 are connected with a light inextensible
string with m1 lying on smooth table and m2 hanging
as shown in figure. m1 is also connected to a light
spring which is initially unstretched and the system is
released from rest
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 11

(a) system will perform SHM with angular frequency

k  m1  m2  At equilibrium if mass is pulled down by distance x 0
given by .
m1m2 ,
let rod turn by ' '
(b) system performs SHM with angular frequency
Net torque experienced by rod is zero
k
given by .  (kb  )  b cos  mg  a cos 
m1  m2
 kb2θ  mga
(c) tension in string will be 0 when the system is
released.  kx0b  mga … (1)
mg When block of mass m displaced by x form
(d) maximum displacement of m1 will be 2 . equilibrium.
k
mg – T = mA
Ans. (b) ( where A is acceleration and T is tension)
Sol. Total oscillating mass  m1  m2   b  b
 mg – k  x0  x     mA
k   a  a
So,   2
m1  m2 b b
 mg – kx0   – kx    mA … (2)
For maximum displacement of m1 , a a
Using equation (1) in equation (2)
Applying energy conservation we have, 2
1 2m 2 g b
m 2 gx  kx 2  x   – kx    mA
2 k a
2
47. A massless rod is pivoted at point O. A string k b
2
   
carrying a mass m at one end is attached to the point ma
A on the rod. The period of small vertical oscillation b k
of mass m around its equilibrium position is:  
a m
2 a m
T   2
 b k
48. A block of mass m, attached to a fixed position O on
a smooth inclined wedge of mass M, oscillates with
amplitude A and angular frequency  . The wedge is
located on a rough horizontal surface and the wedge
doesn’t move. If the angle of the wedge is 60°, then
the force of friction acting on the wedge is given by
a m a m (coefficient of static friction = )
(a) T  2 (b) T  
b k b k
b m b m
(c) T  2 (d) T  
a k a k
Ans. (a)
Sol.

(a)  (M + m) g
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 12

1
(b) m 2 A sin t
2
(c)   M  m   2 A sin t
 3 
(d)   M  m  g  m 2 A sin  t 
 2 
Ans. (b)
Sol.

In this case the oscillation is restricted between –A &

A
– as wall is not movable,
2
x   A cos  t
Force experienced by ‘m’ due to oscillations = ma
–A  T
 m 2 x   –A cos t  t   t 
2 3 6
 m  2 A sin (t ) –A
Where t is time to go from –A to .
1 2
So, Fx = F cos 60º  m  2 A sin (t )
2 T
Hence total period of oscillation = 2t = .
= friction force on wedge 3
1 m
49. In the figure, the block of mass m, attached to the Hence time period of oscillation is 2
3 k
springs of stiffness k is in contact with the completely
elastic wall, and the compression in the spring is x.
The spring is compressed further by x by displacing
the block towards left and is then released. If the
collision between the block and the wall is completely
elastic then the time period of oscillations of the
block will be:
50. A uniform cylinder of length L and mass M having
cross-sectional area A is suspended with its length
vertical from a fixed point by a light spring such that
it is half submerged in a liquid of density  at
equilibrium position. When the cylinder is given a
small downward push and released it starts oscillating
2 m m
(a) (b) 2 with small amplitudes. If the spring has a force
3 k k
constant k, then its time period of oscillations will be
 m  m
(c) (d) M M
3 k 6 k (a) T  2 (b) T  2
A g k
Ans. (a)
Sol. Spring is already compressed by amount ‘x’ and is M
(c) T  2 (d) none of these
further compressed ‘x’. k  A g
So total compression is = 2x Ans. (c)
Sol.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 13

 d
(a) 2 (b) 2
  d  g g

 d
(c) 2 (d) 2
dg   d  g
Ans. (b)
Sol.

From equilibrium position, if cylinder is pushed down

through distance ‘x’, Frest = kx + upthrust
 kx  ( Ax)  g
F  (k  A g ) x
Equilibrium position of the cube is pushed down by
 k  A g 
Since F = m 2 x, So,  2    distance ‘x’ from its equilibrium position,
 M  Additional up thrust = Restoring force
M  F  ( 2 x )  g
 T  2
k  A g ( 2  g ) x
 a
51. One end of a spring of force constant k is fixed to a 3 d
vertical wall and the other to a block of mass m So, the oscillations are simple harmonic.
resting on a smooth horizontal surface. There is
g 2
another wall at a distance x0 from the black. The So,   
d T
spring is then compressed by 2x0 and released. The
d
time taken to strike the wall is  T  2
g
M

2x0 x0
1 k k
(a)  (b)
6 m m
2 m  k
(c) (d)
3 k 4 m
Ans. (c)
Sol. x  2x 0 cos  t
x 0  2x 0 cos  t
53. The friction coefficient between two blocks of masses
1 1 kg and 4 kg shown in figure is  and the horizontal
   cos  t
2 plane surface is smooth. If the system is slight
2 2 m displaced from the mean position and released, it will
t 
3 3 k execute SHM. The maximum amplitude for which the
Alternative solution: upper block does not slip relative to the lower will be
Only option-c has dimensions of time. –(k is spring constant)
52. A wooden cube (density of wood d) of side l floats in
a liquid of density  with its upper and lower surfaces
horizontal. If the cube is pushed slightly down and
released, it performs simple harmonic motion of
period T. Then T is equal to
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 14

5g g body is pulled down to a length of 58 cm and

(a) (b)
k k released, it executes simple harmonic motion. What is
the net force on the body when it is at its lowermost
3g 2g
(c) (d) position of its oscillation? (Take g = 10 ms–2)
k k
(a) 20 N (b) 40 N
Ans. (a)
(c) 60 N (d) 80 N
Sol. Time period of oscillations
Ans. (c)
5 Sol. Since spring is expanded by 8 cm from its initial
T  2
k position,
2 k Force exerted at its lowermost position  m 2 A
  
T 5 For mean position mg = kx
When system is displaced by ‘x’ 10 10
x  5 cm
Hence acceleration 2000
2
a = – x So its amplitude of oscillation = 8 – 5 = 3

a
– kx F  m 2 A
5 k 3
Since upper block does not slip over lower block  10    60 N
m 100
therefore, frictional force (f) = ma
56. A spring of force constant 200 N/m is mounted as
For maximum amplitude x = A
shown in figure and a mass 2 kg is attached to the free
maximum frictional force an upper block will be
end. If the system is given an initial displacement of
kA 1 5μg 0.05 m and an initial velocity of 2 m/sec, find the
 1 g therefore,  μ 1 g  A 
5 k amplitude of simple harmonic motion.
54. A mass M = 5 kg is attached to a spring a shown in
the figure and held in position, so that the spring
remains unstretched. The spring constant is 200 N/m.
The mass M is, then released and begins to undergo
small oscillations. The amplitude of oscillation is (a) 0.4 m (b) 0.206 m
(c) 0.3 m (d) 0.5 m
Ans. (b)
Sol. At extreme position, gain is P.E = Loss in K.E
1 1
  200 [ x 2  (0.05) 2 ]   2  22
2 2
 x 2  (0.05)2  0.04
 x  0.206 m
(a) 0.5 m (b) 0.25 m
(c) 0.2 m (d) 0.1 m 57. The ratio of frequencies of two pendulums are 2:3,
Ans. (a) then their length are in ratio
Sol. Amplitude of vibrations = maximum displacement of (a) 2/3 (b) 3/ 2
mass. 4 9
At extreme position, (c) (d)
9 4
Loss of potential energy = Gain in elastic energy Ans. (d)
1
 mg x  kx 2 1 g
2 Sol. For a pendulums, f 
2 L
2mg 2  5 10
x  f1 L2 L  f 
2
k 200 So,   1  2 
 x  0.5 m f2 L1 L2  f1 
2
55. A spring has a natural length of 50 cm and a force L1  3  9
   
constant of 2.0 × 103 Nm–1. A body of mass 10 kg is L2  2  4
suspended from it and the spring is stretched. If the
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 15

58. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum of L

length L suspended from the roof of a vehicle which Sol. T  2
g eff
moves without friction down an inclined plane of
inclination  , is given by m
Net force inside liquid = mg – d2 g
d1
L L
(a) 2 (b) 2 Where d1 = density of bob d2 = density of liquid.
g cos  g sin 
d g
L L It is given that d2 =. 1 Hence geff 
(c) 2 (d) 2 2 2
g g tan 
L
Ans. (a) In Air, T  2
g
Sol.
L
In liquid, T '  2π
g
 
2
 T '  2T
61. A horizontal rod of mass m and length L is pivoted
smoothly at one end. The rod’s other end is supported
Since component of gravity normal to inclined plane by a spring of force constant k. The rod is rotated (in
 g cos  vertical plane) by a small angle  from its horizontal
equilibrium position and released. The angular
L
So, T  2 frequency of the subsequent simple harmonic motion
g cos 
is
59. In case of a simple pendulum, time period versus
length is depicted by

(a) (b)
3k k
(a) (b)
m 3m

3k 3 g k
(c)  (d)
m 2L m
Ans. (a)
(c) (d)

Ans. (d)
Sol. For simple pendulum, T  L
60. A simple pendulum has time period T = 2s is air. If Sol.
whole arrangement is placed in non-viscous liquid
1
whose density is times the density of bob. The
2
time period in the liquid will be:
2
(a) s (b) 4 s
2
(c) 2 2 s (d) 4 2 s
Ans. (c) For small values of  ,
x  L
Also restoring torque experienced by rod is
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 16

  I   (kx)  L cos  3L  1 1
T  2   
For small  , cos   1 g  12 32 
kL2 7L
    T  2
I 12 g
kL2  ML2  63. A rectangular block of mass m and area of cross-
So,  2  Where I  
I  3  section A floats in a liquid of density  . If it is given
small vertical displacement from equilibrium, it
1 3 kL2
 f  undergoes oscillation with a time period T, then
2 ML2
(a) T  m (b) T  ρ
3k
So,   1 1
M (c) T  (d) T 
A 
62. A uniform rod of length L is suspended from a point
P and is made to undergo small oscillations. Time Ans. (d)
period of oscillation is (O is centre of mass): Sol.

When the body is pushed down from equilibrium

position,

Frestoring = Additional up thrust

3L L
(a) 2 (b) 2
g g  ma  ( Ax)  g

7L L A g
(c) 2 (d) 2 a x
12 g 12 g M
Ans. (c) A g
So,  
Sol. M
1
T 


Since rod behaves as a physical pendulum,

I
T  2 64. A U tube of uniform bore of cross-sectional area A
Mg d has been set up vertically with open ends facing up.
2
ML2 L Now M gm of a liquid of density d is poured into it.
I M  
12 3 The column of liquid in this tube will oscillate with a
period T such that
1 1
 ML2   2  M MA
12 3  (a) T  2 (b) T  2
g gd
1 1
ML2   2  M M
So, T  2 12 3  (c) T  2 (d) T  2
L gdA 2 Adg
Mg 
3 Ans. (d)
Sol.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 17

 m 2 m
(a) (b)
6 k 3 k
According to the question,
 m 11 m
(2L) Ad = M. (c) (d)
If liquid in one limb is pushed down by ‘x’, 4 k 18 k
Height difference between liquid in 2 limbs = 2x Ans. (d)
Restring force = (2xdg)A Sol.
2 xdgA
a
M
2 2dgA
 
M
2 M
T  2
 2dgA
Time taken to strike the wall from the instant of
65. The metallic bob of a simple pendulum has the release is equals to sum of time taken to go from
relative density  . The time period of this pendulum extreme to mean and mean to one third of amplitude
T
is T. If the metallic bob is immersed in water, then the Hence required time   t
4
new time period is given by
For motion of body on right side of equilibrium
 1  position,
(a) T (b) T
  1 x  Asin (t)
 1   x  3x sin (t )
(c) T (d) T
  1
1
Ans. (d)  sin1    t     t  t  
Sol. When the bob is immersed in water its effective 3 9 9
weight 2π k
Since   
 m     1 T m
  mg  g   mg  
       m
Therefore t 
   1 9 k
g eff  g  
   2 m  m
Hence total time  
T1 g 4 k 9 k

T geff 1 m

18 k

T1  T 67. A mass m is suspended from a spring of force
(   1) constant k and just touches another identical spring
66. One end of a spring of force constant k is fixed to a fixed to the floor as shown in the figure. The time
vertical wall and the other to a body of mass m period of small oscillations is
resting on a smooth horizontal surface. There is
another wall at a distance x0 from the body. The
spring is then compressed by 3x0 and released. The
time taken to strike the wall from the instant of
release is
–1
(given sin (1/3) = (/9))
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 18

m m m g
(a) 2 (b)    A
k k k/2 2
Since F is maximum at extreme position,
m m m
(c)  (d)   So, it will lose contact at highest position.
3k / 2 k 2k 69. Two masses m1 and m2 are suspended together by a
Ans. (d)
light spring of spring constant k as shown in the
Sol.
figure. When the system is in equilibrium, the mass
m1 is removed without disturbing the system, as a
result of this removal mass m2 performs simple
harmonic motion. For this situation mark the correct
statement(s).

Let mass is moved up by distance x, from mean point

during 1 complete oscillation, the mass moves
attached to one spring for half oscillation and moves
attached to both springs for remain half oscillation.
keff for oscillation with both
m1 g
Springs = k + k = 2k (a) the amplitude of oscillation is
k
(As both springs are in parallel connectivity).
m m
 m1  m2  g
(b) the amplitude of oscillation is
So, Tnet    k
k 2k
(c) the system oscillates with angular frequency
Objective Questions II k
[One or more than one correct option] m2
68. A coin is placed on a horizontal platform, which (d) the system oscillates with angular frequency
undergoes vertical simple harmonic motion of angular
k
frequency  . The amplitude of oscillation is
gradually increased. The coin will leave contact with
 m1  m2 
the platform for the first time Ans. (a,c)
(a) at the highest position of the platform k
Sol. The mass m2 will oscillate down with  
(b) at the mean position of the platform m2
g Before m is removed
(c) for an amplitude of
2 (m1+m2)g = kx1 ...(1)
g After removal of m1
(d) for an amplitude of
 m2g = kx2 ...(2)
Ans. (a,c) The amplitude of oscillation = x1 – x2
Sol.
 m1  m2  g m2 g m1 g
 A – 
k k k
70. A particle is subjected to two simple harmonic
motions along x and y directions according to x = 3
sin 100 t and y = 4sin 100 t
(a) Motion of particle will be on ellipse travelling in
clockwise direction.
For coin to leave contact, N = 0. (b) Motion of particle will be on a straight line with
 mg  F  m 2 A slope 4/3.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 19

(c) Motion will be simple harmonic motion with 

T 
amplitude 5. 5
(d) Phase difference between two motions is /2. At extreme position, potential energy is maximum
Ans. (b,c) dU
So, F 0
x y dx
Sol.  sin(100 t )   sin(100 t )
3 4  x  2m
x y y 4 4 73. The angular frequency of the damped oscillator is
and      y  x
3 4 x 3 3 k r2 
The resultant equation is of a given by,     2  where k is the spring

4
 m 4m 
Straight line and slope  constant, m is the mass of the oscillator and r is the
3
2 2 r2
Also, final amplitude  3  4  5 damping constant. If the ratio is 8%, the change
mk
71. A rectangular block of mass m and area of cross
in time period compared to the undamped oscillator is
section A floats on a liquid of density . If it is given
approximately as follows:
a small displacement, it oscillates with a period T,
(a) increases by 8% (b) decreases by 8%
then
(c) increases by 1% (d) decrease by 1%
(a) T  m (b) T   Ans. (c)
1 1 Sol. Angular frequency of undamped oscillator
(c) T  (d) T 
A r k
0 
Ans. (a,b,d) m
Sol. Restoring force = Axg Change in angular frequency   0  
x  g
 acceleration  k k r2
m     
m m 4m 2
Aρg
Hence  2 
m k  r2 
   1  1  
A g m  4mk 


m   0.08 
   1  1  
m 0  4 
T  2
A g 
  1  1  0.02  1  (1  0.01)  0.01
72. The potential energy of a particle of mass 0.1kg, 0
moving along the x-axis, is given by U = 5x(x – 4)J,
2
where x is in meter. It can be concluded that As T 

(a) the particle is acted upon by a constant force.
(b) the speed of the particle is maximum at x = 2 m.
T 
 
(c) the particle executes SHM. T0 0
  As  decreases by 1%
(d) the period of oscillation of the particle is s .
5  T increases by 1%
Ans. (b,c,d)
Sol. U  5 [ x 2  4 x] 74. A body is in simple harmonic motion with time
period half second (T = 0.5 s) and amplitude one cm
 dU
F    10 x  20 (A = 1 cm). Find the average velocity in the interval
dx
in which it moves from equilibrium position to half of
So, m  2  10
its amplitude.
  2  100 (a) 6 cm/s (b) 4 cm/s
2 (c) 16 cm/s (d) 12 cm/s
   10 
T Ans. (d)
Sol. A = 1 cm
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 20

2 2 g
   4 rad / s lift accelerates upwards with an acceleration , then
T 0.5 4
2T
the period of the pendulum becomes . Find the
n
value of n.

A Ans. (5.00)
To cover distance from mean position to .
2 Sol. If lift accelerates upwards,
A/2 1  5g
Phase change is   sin  1  sin  1 
A 2 6 g eff  g  a 
4
Time taken by SHM in going from mean position to
L4
A So, {T }'  2
is 5g
2
  /6 1 2 L
t   s  {T }'   2
 4 24 5 g
A 2
Average velocity in moving from x = 0 to x = is  {T }'  T
2
5
x A / 2
vavg   77. The length of second’s pendulum of the earth is 1 .
 t 1 / 24
= 12A = 12 cm/s And the length of second’s pendulum on the moon is

Numerical Value Type Questions 2 . Find the value of 1
2
75. The mass and diameter of a planet are twice those of Ans. (6.00)
earth. The period of a second’s pendulum on this 1
Sol. g moon  g earth
planet is 2 n . Find the value of n. 6
Ans. (2.00) L
Since T  2
L g
Sol. For a pendulum T  2
g Le Lm L
   e 6
And for second’s pendulum on earth, Te  2s ge g m Lm
GM 78. In a seconds pendulum, mass of the bob is 30 g. If it
Also, g 
R2 is replaced by 90 g mass then its time period (in sec)
G  2 Me will be
gp (2 Re) 2 1 Ans. (2.00)
So,  
ge Me 2 Sol. For second’s pendulum T = 2 sec
G
Re 2 L
and T  2
1 g
 g p  ge
2
Since T is unaffected by mass of bob
Tp ge So, T = 2 sec
So,   2
Te ge 79. The motion of a particle is given as
 TP  2 2 s . x  A sin t  B cos t . The motion of the particle is
n
76. A man measures the period of a simple pendulum simple harmonic with amplitude  A 2  B 2  , find the
inside a stationary lift and finds it to be T sec. If the value of n
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 21

Ans. (0.5) Therefore, frequency of kinetic energy oscillation will

Sol. x  A sin t  B cos t be twice and hence time period will be half of
2 
A  D cos  ... (1) original.  {T }'  
2 
B  D sin  ... (2) 83. The potential energy of a particle of mass 1 kg in
x  D cos  sin t  D sin  cos t motion along the x–axis is given by: U = 4 (1 – cos 2x)
J
x  D sin (t   )
From (1) and (2) Here x is in metres. The period of small oscillations

A2  B 2  D 2 cos 2   D 2 sin 2  (in sec) is , find the value of n.
n
D 2  A2  B 2 Ans. (2)
D A B 2 2 Sol. U = 4 [1 – cos 2x]
dU
80. The displacement equation of a particle is F–  –8 sin 2 x
dx
x = 3 sin 2t + 4 cos 2t
F
The product of magnitude of amplitude and a  –8 sin 2 x
m
magnitude of maximum velocity will be:
For small oscillation, sin 2x = 2x
Ans. (50)
Hence a = –8(2x)
Sol. x = 3 sin (2t) + 4 cos (2t)
Comparing the acceleration with standard
3 4  acceleration of SHM
 5  sin (2t )  cos (2t ) 
 5 5 
we get  2  16
 x  5 sin [2t  53]  4
So amplitude of oscillations = 5 2π
 4
And Maximum velocity = A  10 T
Product  5  10  50 2π π
81. The equation of a SHM is given by T   n2
4 2
x  4sin 5 t  4 cos5 t , where x is in cm and time t
is in seconds. Find the phase constant (in degrees) of
the motion.
Ans. (45)
Sol. x  4 sin (5 t )  4 cos (5 t )
 4 4 
x4 2  sin (5 t )  cos (5 t ) 
4 2 4 2 
 x  4 2 sin [(5 t )   ], tan   1
   45º
82. A particle undergoing SHM has the equation:
x  A sin  t    , where x represents the
displacement of the particle. The kinetic energy
n
oscillates with time period find the value of n.

Ans. (1.00)
Sol. x  A sin (t   )
2
So, T 

Since K.E  x 2
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 22

Assertion Reason T 1 l
  [ g = constant]
(A) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason T 2 l
is the correct explanation of the assertion. T 1
  3  1.5%
(B) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is T 2
not the correct explanation of the assertion. 87. Assertion (A): All oscillatory motions are necessarily
(C) If assertion is true but reason is false.
periodic motion, but all periodic motions are not
(D) If the assertion and reason both are false.
oscillatory.
84. Assertion (A): In extreme position of a particle Reason (R): Simple pendulum is an example of
executing S.H.M., both velocity and acceleration are oscillatory motion.
zero. (a) A (b) B
Reason (R): In S.H.M., acceleration always acts (c) C (d) D
towards mean position. Ans. (b)
(a) A (b) B Sol. Indeed all oscillatory motions are necessarily periodic
(c) C (d) D but all periodic motions are not oscillatory for
Ans. (d) example circular motion is a periodic motion but not
Sol. Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct, by oscillatory
definition of velocity and acceleration of SHM. At Reason is also true, but it doesn’t explain assertion
extreme position, the velocity is zero but acceleration
is not zero. Match the Following
85. Assertion (A): Water in a U-tube executes SHM, the Each question has two columns. Four options are given
time period for mercury filled upto the same height in representing matching of elements from Column-I and
the U-tube bc greater than that in case of water. Column-II. Only one of these four options corresponds to
Reason (R): Thc amplitude of an oscillating a correct matching. For each question, choose the option
corresponding to the correct matching.
pendulum goes on increasing.
(a) A (b) B 88. Two particles ‘A’ and ‘B’ start SHM at t = 0. Their
(c) C (d) D positions as function of time are given by
Ans. (d) XA = A sin t
Sol. The period of the liquid executing SHM in a U-tube XB = A sin t + /3)
does not depend upon the density of the liquid. Column-I Column-II
Therefore, time period will be the same, when (a) Minimum time (p) 
mercury is filled upto the same height as the water in when x is same 3
the U-tube. Now, as the pendulum oscillates, it drags
(b) Minimum time (q) 
air along with it. Therefore, its kinetic energy is
when velocity is 
dissipated in overcoming viscous drag due to air and
same
hence, its amplitude goes on decreasing.
(c) Minimum time (r) 
86. Assertion (A): The percentage change in time period
after which 2
is 1.5%. If the length of simple pendulum increases
vA < 0 and vB < 0
by 3%.
Reason (R): Time period is directly proportional to (d) Minimum time (s) 5
length of pendulum. after which 6
(a) A (b) B xA < 0 and xB < 0
(c) C (d) D Ans. (a-p; b-s; c-r; d-q)
Ans. (c) Sol. For xA = xB
Sol. Time period of simple pendulum of length l is  
 t     t  
T  2 l / g  3
T l 2
 2 t 
Hence, time period of simple pendulum is inversely 3
proportional to square root to length of pendulum. 
t 
3
For vA = vB
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 23

  v  2 sin( t)
t  2  t  
 3 Hence acceleration
5 dv
 2 t  a  2πcos  t 
3 dt
5 2
t Where  
6 0.2
2
T T Hence a at t = 0.1s is at = 0.1 = –200m/s
At t  , velocities are negative and at t  ,
4 2 1
displacements are negative. Maximum kinetic energy  mv 2max
2
89. A simple harmonic oscillator consists of a block vmax = 2
attached to a spring with k = 200 N/m. The block
1 2
slides on a frictionless horizontal surface, with   K .E max   0.2  2π 
equilibrium point x = 0. A graph of the block’s 2
velocity v as a function of time t is shown. Correctly = 4 Joules
match the required information in Column I with the Paragraph Type Questions
2
values given in Column II (use  = 10): Using the following passage, solve Q. 90 to 92
Passage - 1
One end of an ideal spring is fixed to a wall at origin O and
the axis of spring is parallel to x-axis. A block of mass m =
1kg is attached to free end of the spring and it is performing
SHM. Equation of position of the block in co-ordinate
system shown in figure is x = 10 + 3sin (10t), where t is in
second and x in cm.
Column-I Column-II
Another block of mass M = 3 kg, moving towards the origin
(a) The block’s mass in kg (p) –200
with velocity 30 cm/s collides with the block performing
(b) The block’s displacement (q) 0.20
SHM at t = 0 and gets stuck to it.
at t = 0 in metres
(c) The block’s acceleration (r) 4.0
2
at t = 0.10s in m/s
(d) The block’s maximum (s) –0.20
kinetic energy in joules 90. Angular frequency of oscillation after collision is
Ans. (a-q; b-s; c-p; d-r) (a) 20 rad/s (b) 5 rad/s
Sol. But for spring mass system, (c) 100 rad/s (d) 50 rad/s
m Ans. (b)
T  2 Sol. x = 10 + 3 sin (10t)
k
  10 rad / s
m
 0.2  2
200 k

 m  0.2 kg m
From the graph 1

v  2 sin( t) m

 x   vdt 1  10 rad / s
m1  1 kg
2π
x– cos  t m2  4 kg

at t = 0 1 m2

2π 2 m1
x–  –T  –0.20

10 4
from the graph 
2 1
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 24

10 Using the following passage, solve Q. 93 to 95

2   5 rad/s
2 Passage - 2
91. New amplitude of oscillation is A small block of mass m is fixed at upper end of a massive
(a) 3 cm (b) 20 cm vertical spring of spring constant k = 4 mg/L and natural
(c) 10 cm (d) 100 cm length ‘10L’. The lower end of spring is free and is at a
Ans. (a) height L from fixed horizontal floor as shown. The spring is
Sol. x = 10 + 3 sin (10t) initially unstressed, and the spring-block system is released
t=0 from rest in the shown position.
At x = 10 cm,
Velocity of 1 kg block that execute SHM is
dx
 30 cos(t )
dt
dx
at t = 0, = 30cm/s
dt
At mean position according to momentum
conservation

93. At the instant the speed of block is maximum, the

magnitude of force exerted by the spring on the block
is
mg
Let vc be the combined velocity of (m + M) (a) (b) mg
  2
Pi  Pf (c) zero (d) None of these
30 × 3 – 30 × 1 = (3 + 1) vc Ans. (b)
Sol. Speed of the block will be maximum at equilibrium.
60
vc   15 cm / s At equilibrium
4
mg = kx
According to energy conservation
mg = fs
ki  vi  k f  v f
94. As the block is coming down, the maximum speed
1 1 attained by the block is
( M  m) vc2  kA12
2 2 (a) gL (b) 3gL
M m
A1   vc 3 3
k (c) gL (d) gL
2 2
3 1 Ans. (c)
A1   15  102
100 Sol. From energy conservation
A1  0.03 m 1 1
mg ( L  x)  kx 2  mvmax
2
… (1)
A1  3 cm 2 2
92. New equation for position of the combined body is mg = kx
(a) (10 + 3 sin 5t) cm (b) (10 – 3 sin 5t) cm mg
x
(c) (10 + 3 cos 10 t) cm (d) (10 – 3 cos 10t) cm k
Ans. (b) 4mg
k
Sol. x  10  A1 sin 2 t L
x  10  3 sin 5t mg L
x L
4mg 4
From equation (1)
 L  1 L2 L 2
mg  L    k  mvmax
 4  2 16 2
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 25

5mgL 1 4mg L2 1 2 1
    mvmax t1  sin 1
4 2 L 16 2 3
5mgL mgL 1 2 4g 1
  mvmax t1  sin 1
4 8 2 L 3
1 2 5 1 L 1
mvmax  mgL    t1  sin 1
2  4 8 4g 3
1 2 9 Time taken by the block moving from lowest point to
mvmax  mgL 
2 8 equilibrium position
3 T
vmax  gL t2 
2 4
95. Till the block reaches its lowest position for the first m
time, the time duration for which the spring remains T  2
k
compressed is
m L
L L 1 T  2
(a)   sin 1 4mg
2g 4g 3
2 L
 L L 1 T
(b)  sin 1 2 g
4 g 4g 3
 L
L L 2 t2 
(c)   sin 1 4 g
2g 4g 3
Total time duration for which spring is compressed.
 L L 2 t  t1  t2
(d)  sin 1
2 2g 4g 3
L 1  L
Ans. (b) t sin 1 
4g 3 4 g
Sol. Amplitude of SHM
 vmax  A 
3
vmax  gL
2
k

m
4mg

L m

g
2
L
3
gL
vmax
A  2
 g
2
L
3L
A
4
Time taken by the block from equilibrium position to
natural length
L 3L
 sin (t1 )
4 4
1
 sin (t1 )
3
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION 26

Using the following passage, solve Q. 96 to 100 Let us now make a slight change to the initial
Passage - 3 conditions. At t = 0, let the block be released from the
same position, i.e., from a displacement 3 cm along
A 100 g block is connected to a horizontal massless spring
of force constant 25.6 N/m. As shown in figure (a), the block positive x-direction but with an initial velocity
is free to oscillate on a horizontal frictionless surface. The vi  16 3 cm/s.
block is displaced 3 cm from the equilibrium position and, at 99. Position of the block as a function of time can now be
t = 0, it is released from rest at x= 0. It executes simple
harmonic motion with the positive x-direction indicated in expressed as
figure (a).  
(a) x  3cos 16t   cm
The position-time(x-t) graph of motion of the block is as  2
shown in figure (b). 

(b) x  3cos 16t   cm
 3
 
(c) x  3.5cos  16t   cm
 6
 
(d) x  3.2 cos 16t   cm
 4
Ans. (c)
k
Sol. 
m
25.6

100  103
  16 rad / s

 , A  3.5 cm
96. When the block is at position A on the graph, its 6
(a) position and velocity both are negative  
x  3.5 cos  16t  
(b) position is positive, and velocity is negative  6
(c) position is negative, and velocity is positive 100. Velocity of the block as a function of time can be
(d) position and velocity both the positive expressed as
Ans. (b)  
Sol. For graph position of the particle is positive and (a) v  48sin  16t   cm / s
 2
velocity is negative because slope is negative.
 
97. When the block is at position B on the graph, its (b) v  48sin  16t   cm / s
(a) position and velocity are positive  3
(b) position is positive, and velocity is negative  
(c) v  56sin 16t   cm / s
(c) position in negative and velocity is positive  4
(d) position and velocity are negative  
Ans. (c) (d) v  56sin 16t   cm / s
 6
Sol. From position is negative and velocity is positive
Ans. (d)
because slope is positive.
dx
98. When the block is at position C on the graph, its Sol. v 
(a) velocity is maximum, and acceleration is zero dt
(b) velocity is minimum, and acceleration is zero      
v  3.5 16   sin  16t    v   56 sin 16t  
(c) velocity is zero and acceleration is negative   6   6
(d) velocity is zero and acceleration is positive
Ans. (c)
Sol. Velocity of the block is zero because slope is zero and
acceleration is negative because block is at positive
extreme position.