IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BASED ON GIVE REASON

HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

1. Why halo alkanes are more reactive than halo-arenes towards nucleophilic substitution
reactions?

2. Grignard’s reagent should be prepared in anhydrous condition, explain why?

3. C – Cl bond length in chloro benzene is shorter than C – Cl bond length in CH3Cl, explain
why?

4. Why thionyl chloride is preferred to convert alcohol to respective alkyl chloride?

5. The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that cyclohexyl chloride, explain why?

6. Explain haloarenes are insoluble in water but are soluble in benzene.

7. Differentiate between chiral and achiral molecules.

8. What are enantiomers? Draw the structure of 3-Methyl pent-1-ene.

9. Chlorobenzene gives ortho and para directing electrophilic substitution reaction, explain with
suitable example.

10. Why is chloroform stored in dark colour bottle away from sunlight?

11. Although halo alkanes are polar, yet they are insoluble in water. Explain it.

12. Why does iodoform show antiseptic property?

13. A small quantity of ethanol is added into chloroform. Why?

14. p-dichloro benzene has higher melting point than its ortho and meta isomer, why?

15. When exposed in sun light, ethyl iodide gives violet vapours, why?
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BASED ON GIVE REASON
ALCOHOLS, PHENOL & ETHERS

1. Why is sulphuric acid not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI in the conversion of n
alcohol to alkyl iodide?

2. Why phenol is acidic and cyclohexanol is neutral towards NaOH?

3. Explain whether p- nitro phenol should be more or less acidic than phenol.

4. Ortho – nitro phenol is more acidic than ortho – methoxy phenol, why?

5. Alcohol cannot be used as solvent for Grignard reagent, why?

6. Alcohol reacts with HCl or PCl5 but phenol does not, why?

7. Among the three isomeric nitro phenols, ortho isomer is steam volatile, it has lowest boiling
point and is least soluble in water.

8. Anhydrous CaCl2 cannot be used to dry ethanol. Why?

9. Explain are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular
masses. Explain the fact.

10. Explain how does – OH group attached to carbon of benzene ring activates it
towards electrophilic substitution reaction?

11. Explain the dehydration of ethanol with conc. H2SO4 at 140oC and 170oC.

12. In Kolbe, reaction, phenoxide ion in place of phenol is used for reaction with CO 2, why?

13. Unlike phenols, alcohols are easily protonated, why?

14. Anisole is react with HI gives phenol and methyl iodide, but not iodo benzene and methanol,
why?

15. Chloro benzene does not give Williamson ether synthesis but sodium phenoxide gives
Williamsons ether synthesis, why?

16. Tertiary Butyl bromide does not give Williamson ether synthesis, why?

17. Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not suitable
method, why?
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BASED ON GIVE REASON
ALDEHYDES, KETONES & CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

1. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones towards nucleophilic substitution reactions, why?

2. Aldehydes and ketones have lower boiling point than corresponding alcohols and carboxylic
acid, give explanation.

3. Formaldehyde does not undergo aldol condensation but acetaldehyde does, why?

4. Grignard reagents cannot be used for the preparation of ketones from acid chlorides. Explain.

5. Benzaldehyde gives Cannizzaro reaction whereas acetaldehyde does not. Why?

6. Would you expect benzaldehyde to be more or less reactive in nucleophilic addition reactions
than propanal, explain.

7. Cyclohexanone forms cyanohydrin in good yield but 2,2,6- trimethylcyclo-hexanone does not.
Why?

8. There are two −NH2 groups in semicarbazide. However, only one is involved in the formation
of semicarbazones, explain.

9. Ethanal is soluble in water. Why?

10. Explain the fact that carboxylic acids do not give the nucleophilc addition reaction like other
carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones).

11. pKa value of 4-nitrobenzoic acid is lower than that of benzoic acid, explain.

12. Chloro acetic acid is stronger acid than acetic acid, explain.

13. Tert. Butyl benzene does not give benzoic acid on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4
Solution, why?

14. Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine. Even then p-fluoro benzoic acid is weaker
acid than p-chloro benzoic acid, explain.
15. Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position, explain.

16. The bond length C = O in carboxylic acids is slightly larger than in aldehydes and ketones.
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BASED ON GIVE REASON
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN

1. Ethylamine is water soluble but aniline does not soluble, why?

2. Tertiary butyl amine cannot be prepared by the action of ammonia on tertiary butyl bromide,
why?

3. Carbon –nitrogen bond length in aromatic amines in shorter as compare to aliphatic amines,
explain.

4. Aniline cannot be prepared by ammonolysis of chloro benzene, why?

5. Electrophilic substitution in aromatic amines takes place more readily than benzene, why?

6. Explain why do boiling point of different types of amines follow the order,
a. 1o-amine > 2 o -amine > 3 o -amine
OR
Primary amines have high boiling point than tertiary amines.

7. pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine, explain.

OR
Aromatic amines (aniline) are less basic than aliphatic amine, why?

8. Although amino group (- NH2) is ortho and para directing in aromatic electrophilic
substitution reaction, but on nitration aniline gives substantial amount of m- nitro aniline,
explain.
OR
Although – NH2 group is ortho & para directing in electrophilic substitution reactions, yet
aniline, on nitration gives good yield of m-nitro aniline.

9. p - methylaniline is more basic than þ- nitro aniline, give reason.

10. Aniline does not undergo Friedel Craft reaction, give reason.

11. Acetylation of —NH2 group is done in aniline before preparing its ortho and para compounds
(mono substituted product).
OR
Acetylation of aniline reduces its activation effect.

12. Why are diazonium salts of aromatic amines more stable than those of aliphatic amines?
13. Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is not a good method to prepare pure primary amines, explain.

14. Aromatic primary amines cannot be prepared by Gabriel’s phthalimide synthesis.

OR
Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis?

15. Aliphatic amines are stronger bases than ammonia, why?

16. On reaction with benzene sulphonyl chloride, primary amine yields product soluble in alkali
whereas secondary amine yields product insoluble in alkali.

17. Ammonolysis of an alkyl halide does not yield a pure amine, explain.

18. Amines are more basic than alcohols. Explain.

19. Boiling point of tri methyl amine is lower than the boiling point of n-propyl amine although
their molecular mass is same, explain.

20. Ethyl amine is more basic than aniline while aniline is less basic than ammonia. Explain.
OR
Alkyl amines are stronger base than ammonia and aryl amines. Explain.

21. Amines are less acidic than alcohols although having same molecular mass, explain.

22. Aniline does not undergo Friedel Craft reaction, why?

23. Aniline cannot be prepared by ammonolysis of chlorobenzene, why?

24. Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines, why?

25. Firstly aniline is acetylated for mono bromination. Why?

26. Primary amines are prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis. Can we prepare aniline or aryl
primary amines by this method? If not, then why?

27. What is the order of basicity of 1 o, 2o and 3o amines in gas phase or in non- aqueous solvent?

28. Aniline gets coloured on standing in air, why?

29. Aryl cyanides cannot prepare from aryl halides, why?

30. Aqueous solution of amine gives brown ppt with FeCl3, and white with AlCl3 solution.

31. Which type of amine gives mustard oil reaction and carbylamines reaction?