Paguise

Isabela State University
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Cauayan City, Campus 1
“University for People, Nature, Entrepreneurship &
ISU CYN COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION - CRIMINOLOGY PROGRAM ISU CYN OLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION - CRIMINOLOGY PROGRAM ISU CYN OLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION - CRIMINOLOGY PROGRAM
Innovation”
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
Obtaining an academic degree tells what you can offer to employers or an institution; an
indication that the holder has specialized knowledge and skills acquired during his stay from basic
education and mainly from a higher learning institution (Abas, M. & Imam, O., 2016). One of the
stated policies of the Commission on Higher Education is to produce locally responsive, innovative,
globally competitive graduates, and lifelong learners which is achieved through supervision over
the different private and state universities and colleges in the Philippines. While Universities and
their faculties must assume the role of being the primary drivers of graduate skill development and
extended channel for susceptible graduates to contribute to global skills needs. Additionally, the
successes of a higher learning institution include the positive feedback of employers based on the
assessment of graduates’ performance and negative results will be valuable in determining future
directions and requirements for the course taken by the graduates (Chigbu & Nekhwevha 2022). A
graduate of Bachelor of Science in Criminology is expected to be knowledgeable and skilled in Six
areas of specialization such as Criminalistics where students' theories in the processing of physical
evidence, criminal law, and jurisprudence include the rules of law and court procedure applicable in
the adjudication of suspects, law enforcement administration and organization, criminal
investigation, correction, rehabilitation and management of inmates and persons deprived of liberty
and sociology of crime and ethics that covers the study on criminal behavior, victimology, character
formation, professional ethic, and criminological research. In the final year, students undergo On-
College of Criminal Justice Education

Criminology Program
Email: ccjecollegeofcriminaljusticeed@gmail.com
Cauayan City, Campus
Problem and Its Background 2
Innovation”
the-Job Training to prepare and cope with the great expectation of our community. It is also a way
of bridging the gap between theory to practice as students can be deployed for field observation
and exposure to administrative duties and functions. Commonly, students are deployed in different
institutions composing the pillars of the criminal justice system.
Passing the entrance examination in the Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of Correction,
Bureau of Jail and Management, Civil Service Professional Exam and NAPOLCOM are some of
the eligibilities a Criminology graduate can use for employment in different agencies aside from
passing the Board of Criminology Licensure Examination. Additionally, the six areas of
specialization in the Criminology course are the key factors that fit a Criminology graduate to
perform work in different agencies
In employment opportunities, a Criminology graduate can be an enforcer, administrator,
agent, adviser, security guard, and consultant in any private or government law enforcement
agency such as the different units of the Philippine National Police, Fire Department, Correction
and Jail institutions, National Bureau of Investigation, Armed Forces of the Philippines, instructor in
criminal justice education and other agencies exercising similar functions. Hiring commonly
happens semi-annually, particularly in the BFP, BJMP, PNP, and AFP and the number of recruits is
dependent on the quota allocation per region however graduates can apply anywhere in the
Philippines.

Criminology Program
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION Problem and Its Background 3
Innovation”
In the study of Doquilla, F. & Ayeo-eo, S., (2021) Criminology graduates gain positive
feedback from employers, are highly employable in the Philippine National Police, and
communication skill is perceived as the most commonly useful skill. Plantilla (2017) conducted a
study assessing the employer feedback on the performances of business of the University of Rizal
System Pililia concerning knowledge and understanding, skills, and personal qualities. Findings
disclosed that employers are very much satisfied with the performances of the graduates in terms
of knowledge and understanding of the job, general skills, specialized skills, and personal qualities
demonstrated in the workplace. Besides, there is knowledge and skills of graduates to the
expectations of the employers thereby employers placed a strong preference for the business
graduate of the university.
In a parallel study by Tudy (2017) determining the satisfaction of employers on the
performance of new college Graduates of CorJesu College, Philippines it was shown that the
employers are highly satisfied with the skills of the new Graduates of CorJesu College and strongly
suggest that the College is producing graduates who live up to the expectations of the industry.
Furthermore, findings indicated that the school’s rigid training among its students is effective in
responding to the skills required by the Industry.
Lastly, an inclination is something you are leaning toward, a tendency you have. Could have a
specific inclination, or you could have an inclination that applies to a decision you are about to
make. Thereby, surveys on the preference of managers or employers to hire graduates are also
important in the enhancement of the institutions’ performance.

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Problem and Its Background 4
Innovation”
Few studies conducted a comparative study on the performance of graduates regarding
employment agency and eligibility. In statewide research on capabilities and skills that identify what
companies value most in university graduates, it was found that they are generally satisfied with
graduates' job-specific skills but place a higher value on their interpersonal skills, industry-related
experience, and ability to immediately apply the knowledge obtained at University in real-world
circumstances (DEST, 2007; GCA, 2007).

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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the Employers’ Feedback on the Performance of Criminology
Graduates of ISU Cauayan - Campus.
Specifically, it seeks to answer the following:
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Eligibility
1.2 Highest educational attainment
1.3 Rank
1.4 Employment agency
1.5 Designation
1.6 Number of years in the service.
2. What is the employer’s feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of
interpersonal skills, technical knowledge, and workplace skills?
3. What degree of inclination the employers have to hire criminology graduates of Isabela State
University Cauayan-Campus?
4. What particular qualities, skills, or traits that a Criminology graduate should possess?
Problem and Its Background

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
1. The profile of the

respondents.
2.The employer’s
feedback on the
performance of  Gathering of the data
Criminology graduates in information on the
terms of interpersonal employer’s feedback
skills, technical of criminology  Program or
students in Isabela activities that will
knowledge and
State University-
workplace skills? Cauayan Campus. enhance graduates’
performance
3. What degree of  Data gathering
inclination of the through survey.
employers to hiring
 Interpretation of data.
criminology graduates of
Cauayan-Campus?
4. What particular
qualities, skills or traits
that a Criminology
graduate should
FEEDBACK
Figure 1. The Paradigm of the StudyProblem and Its Background
The paradigm shows the relationship of the three boxes, namely the Input, Process, and
Output. The input consists of the profile of the respondents their eligibility, highest educational
attainment, rank, employment agency, designation or position, and number of years in

Criminology Program
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the service. The process includes the data gathered through a survey. The result of the study will
come up with information dissemination about Employers’ Feedback on the Performance of
Criminology Graduates of ISU Cauayan – Campus. The researcher will conduct seminars, and
forums to propose remedies or learning strategies, or programs helpful for the improvement of
areas needing enhancement.
Significance of the study
This study is conducted to determine the employers’ feedback on the Performance of
Criminology graduates of Isabela State University Cauayan – Campus.
The researchers aim to determine the employer’s feedback on the performance of the
graduates in their respective designation/ agency to provide a relevant basis for attaining a quality
Criminology proficiency that will highly satisfy the needs of the criminal justice employers/allied
institutions.
Lastly, this study provides quality information for the Criminology program implementers,
particularly ISU Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies or learning
strategies, or programs helpful for the improvement of areas needing enhancement.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The number of respondents is limited to graduates of Batch 2015-2020 who can be

Problem and Its Background
reached within the time frame of the study, locality, and regional employer.
Definition of TermsThe following words used in the research are described conceptually and
operationally for a simple and better understanding of the study

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Academic Degree- an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has
satisfactorily completed a course of study.
Agency- an organization established to provide a particular service, typically one that involves
organizing transactions between two other parties.
Armed Forces- a country's military forces, especially its army, navy, and air force.
Correction- in the legal context refers to the retribution, rehabilitation, and supervision of criminal
offenders through the system of incarceration, probation, and parole.
Curriculum- a standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and
achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills.
Criminalistics - scientific tests or techniques used in connection with the detection of
crime; forensics.
Criminal Justice System- the network of government and private agencies intended to manage
accused and convicted criminals.
Eligibility-the state of having the right to do or obtain something through the satisfaction of the
appropriate conditions.
Employers- a person or organization that employs people.
Ethics- moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.
Feedback- information about reactions to a product, a person's performance of a task, etc. which is
used as a basis for improvement.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents a review of related literature and studies about employers’ feedback
on the performance of Criminology Graduates.
Foreign Studies
Universities are paying more attention to students' employability once they complete their
degrees. Employability is included in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice's degree
programs utilizing a variety of ways, though practicum is one way to improve students'
employability. These techniques are based on the Employability Framework's embedded student
life cycle concept (Bates, 2020).
Additionally, for people working in the discipline of criminology, the job outlook is favorable
and is anticipated to increase. Given that criminologists deal with crime and offenders daily, they
will always be in demand. A criminologist examines psychological causes and criminal behavior to
understand why people commit crimes. They investigate specific geographic regions with greater
criminal activity rates to see whether there is a cause for the higher rate.
Also, a graduate in criminology and criminal justice will typically possess the following
abilities in addition to subject-specific knowledge and skills, according to the University of Kent's
career and development service: research skills and familiarity with research methods, be able to
analyze and evaluate problems and issues, be able to gather and interpret statistical data,
awareness and sensitivity of other people's needs and values, communicate, debate, and develop
logical arguments (Laguador & Ramos 2014).

Criminology Program
Cauayan City, Campus Review of Related Literature
Innovation”
On the one hand, companies valued workers who were devoted to their jobs and duties,
responsible team players, with high moral standards and a strong sense of professionalism.
Graduates who can carry all responsibilities with ease, who are trainable, cooperative team
players, and who place a high value on achieving the company's objective were favored by
employers. As part of every degree program, students receive on-the-job training to help them build
their employability skills holistically and to deepen their awareness of real-world work situations
(Laguador & Dotong 2015).
Possessing the proper attitude throughout the entire recruiting process also helped them
qualify for the open post. Communication is one of the most helpful abilities during job interviews,
while logical, analytical, and critical thinking skills are useful during employment assessments.
Along with discipline and good behavior, graduates also need to be able to adapt to varied
organizational cultures (Laguador, 2015).
Also, the employability of graduates is one of the indicators of a higher education
institution's (HEI) ability to successfully distribute its goods to different businesses and participate
in the labor market. Significant results of the HEIs would be the graduates' contribution to the
nation's economic growth. The academic institution's primary duty is to provide students with the
technical skills they need, complemented by extracurricular activities where the HEI can mold the
youth's character and values (Dotong, 2016).
The leading brand of the university acts as the guiding principle that students can utilize as
the basis for all of their academic endeavors that are geared toward achieving the institution's goal
and vision, which will also be advantageous for future employment. Through the support of the
Office of Student Affairs, where worthwhile activities are undertaken to enable them to experience

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the quality of student life, a certain level of maturity and feeling of responsibility are being held and
exercised by the graduates (Bates & Hayes 2017).
As the world becomes more competitive and globalized, there is greater pressure on
recent graduates. The first semester of the BS Criminology program at Nueva Ecija University of
Science and Technology began in 2008. Producing graduates who are prepared for the workforce
and capable of carrying out their responsibilities following their chosen fields has become a
responsibility of a university. To further improve the quality of education and the caliber of
graduates the University generates, it will be necessary to identify effective and ineffective program
components.
Fritsch's (2014) data analysis is frequently used and crucial in numerous criminal justice
jobs inside public and commercial organizations. Because of this, students who lack these skills
may find it challenging to find a job or to advance once they do. Their professional lives and be
successful in jobs that call for these talents. Jenkins (2000) argues that businesses want graduates
who cannot just find new research but also "synthesis new information," which is in line with this
claim. Students must possess at least the most fundamental knowledge of research techniques
and analysis abilities to effectively consume and communicate research.
Additionally, higher education institutions are motivated financially to generate graduates
with the knowledge, abilities, and attitudes that are valued by employers and beneficial to the
nation's prosperity and human capital (Aquino et al, 2015). Besides, the competence of an
educational academy can be estimated via the proficiencies of its graduates which are bent from
the feedback of the administration in the assignment scenario. Similarly to this, the success of
every educational program can be determined by how its graduates perform. Use the skills you
learned at school in your actual assignment prerequisite (Plantilla, 2017).

Criminology Program
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A certain study examines how criminology students who take professional skills
development and work-integrated learning courses at a prestigious Australian institution fare in
terms of employment and future education. The Australian Graduate Survey, which university
graduates complete four months after completing their tertiary studies, provided data for three
years. The findings, students enrolled in a bachelor's program in criminology and criminal justice
who take a course on career and professional development in addition to one on work-integrated
learning are roughly twice as likely to be working in a field-related job or continuing their education
four months after graduation. Additionally, they are more likely to apply a broader range of search
strategies to locate jobs. This implies that things could be made better. This shows that offering a
university-based course that focuses on employability and professional behaviors together with
work-integrated learning programs, may be able to improve job outcomes for students (Bates
2018).
Furthermore, according to Yen (2021) who conducted the survey, there are a few areas
where graduates fall short of what employers are looking for. It is believed that critical thinking,
problem-solving, and the ability to use discipline knowledge and concepts in the workplace are
important skills that must be developed. The top five talents rated as crucial or extremely crucial by
both employers and alumni were time management, speaking/oral communication skills, and good
interpersonal skills.
Also, the study of Jameson (2013) claims that it is reflected in a case study example of
teaching a specific employability module in a criminology undergraduate program. Research
seems to suggest that although employers find that graduates are good at many skills that they
need, such as IT and "problem-solving," what is described by employers as "Business awareness"
is often quite poor for students. Understanding the links between critical academic theory, technical

Criminology Program
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knowledge, and generic skills is empowering both for staff and students, and such a framework
represents a creative way of addressing the criminology employability benchmarks. As a result,
there may be discontent among graduates whose skills to find specific types of jobs fall short of
their expectations and among employers who lose faith in the "quality" of graduates (Bates & Hates
2017).
However, when considering the profession from the other perspective in a foreign country
like Malaysia, a pilot study involving 30 randomly chosen companies generally revealed that
employers' satisfaction with the engineering graduate workforce concerning the non-technical
attributes is high, with a satisfaction level of about 50% or higher, with the team working attribute
scoring the highest value of 63%. However, the entrepreneurial skills of engineering graduates
achieving a 13% satisfactory level are what most dissatisfy employers (Omar, 2016).
Aside from that, in the study by Tudy (2017), it was assessed how satisfied employers
were with the work of recent Cor Jesu College, Philippines, graduates. A descriptive research
design was used. The respondents—managers, and staff in charge of 40 businesses and
institutions in the Davao region—were specifically chosen. The outcomes showed that all 19 skills
—including specific job-related knowledge and specific job-related skills—as well as oral and
written communication, comprehension, math, and computer skills, critical thinking, problem-
solving, research and analysis, teamwork, organization and planning, time management—were
rated as highly satisfactory.

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Local Literature
An investigation was carried out to see how employers felt about the work of Isabela State
University Cabagan's criminology graduates. The respondents to this study were 34 employers,
including 17 heads of police and 17 deputy chiefs of the Philippine National Police in the province
of Isabela. The results showed that the employers gave the criminology graduates of Isabela State
University Cabagan positive feedback on their work. Employers are quite pleased with the
graduates' dedication, job-related knowledge, quality of work, communication skills, and public
relations performances. Additionally, communication skills, physical agility, computer application,
technical understanding, and critical thinking skill are among the proficiencies that employers value
the most (Habiatan, 2020).
Aydiyan (2019) also did a study on the employment distribution of bachelor's degrees in
criminology graduates at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology. The findings indicated
that the program has a male predominance. Additionally, it was shown that the majority of
graduates currently employed had permanent status. It is also encouraging to note that most
respondents were able to serve the nation by their goals because most criminology graduates were
affiliated with various law enforcement organizations, including the Philippine National Police, the
Bureau of Fire Protection, and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
Additionally, it was found that most of the respondents were successful in finding
employment within six months following graduation. Since these businesses felt the need to hire
them, it can be assumed that the abilities they learned in college apply to their current position
(Aydiyan, 2019).

Criminology Program
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Moreover, research was launched to learn what employers thought about NEUST
criminology graduates' performance in the workplace. A descriptive-quantitative survey method was
used for this investigation. The study was carried out in various law enforcement organizations in
Nueva Ecija and neighboring provinces, specifically the Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of
Fire Protection (BFP), Philippine Army (PA), Universities and Colleges in Nueva Ecija, and the
Private Sector, where graduates were employed or assigned. According to the results, employers
were quite pleased with the criminology graduates' performance, as evidenced by their enthusiastic
replies during the course of the study (Aye-yo & Diquilla 2019).
Besides this, a study was conducted to find out what the trainers from the Philippine
National Police (PNP), Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), and Bureau of Fire
Protection (BFP) thought about the On-the-Job Training that the student-trainees who were
enrolled in the Internship Program of the College of Criminology undertook there. A total of 113
students were evaluated based on their performance in terms of their traits, work-related attitudes,
work performance, and job competence. They demonstrated remarkable talents during their on-
the-job training, according to their trainers' feedback, and this led to a very positive response from
them. The trainers observed that the students were prepared and trained for the occupations
associated with the many fields of criminology. The students' supervisors were also aware of how
eager they were to pick up new abilities. However, the researchers also made some
recommendations, one of which is to review the program's current curriculum to make sure that it is
in line with the abilities required by the sector (Mina & Jose 2019).
Anoyo (2015) discovered that the performance of the criminology interns was excellent in
terms of their traits, work attitudes, job performance, adherence to corporate policies, and
competence. Individual factors, university support, and organizational climate all had a role in the

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OJT, according to the interviewees. The performance of criminology interns during their on-the-job
training is unaffected by the relationship between the variables.
However, in the study conducted by Chen and Kao, 2012; Tomaževič et al.(2018) work
values are related to work performance and job satisfaction. In some professions organizational
effectiveness depends on the respect of these values. This is mainly related to the ethics of these
professions Wang et al.,(2018).RRL about workplace skills, interpersonal skills, and technical skills.
Importance why employees should possess these skills.
Furthermore, the results of a study on the employment situation of criminology graduates
showed that the majority of the respondents held regular or permanent jobs. Graduates might be
found working in the private sector. Many of those who were employed less than a year after
graduating had occupations that are connected to the program. Graduates who reported being
unemployed cited family or health issues as their reasons. They made an unsuccessful attempt to
join the police. Graduates struggled to develop strong research-related questions. Regarding
interpersonal skills, the majority of respondents claimed to be adaptable and successful in shifting
circumstances and environments (Ruiz, 2020).
Aside from that, the employment of criminology graduates from 2013 to 2016 was
determined by a study by Lou et al. which explored the relevance of the curriculum and work-
related behavior to the job placement of the graduate respondents. It was found that while
communication skills are the most frequently useful abilities of graduates in their job placement,
leadership, courage, and hard work are the work-related values identified with significant
contributions in meeting the demands of their current employment. The relevance of the
criminology program to graduates' present work assignments is one of the common reasons for
accepting and remaining on the job. When grouped by graduating year, the criminology graduates

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received excellent performance ratings from their immediate supervisors with no discernible
differences.
In the study of Natividad (2013), "Responsiveness of the Criminology Curriculum of the
University of Baguio." Reported that the employed criminology graduates exhibit satisfactory levels
of academic performance. The hired Criminology graduates' quality of work performance is only
somewhat satisfactory, and the mean grade for the responsiveness of the BS Criminology program
is responsiveness. The criminology internship is regarded by both groups as being the most
receptive field.
Also, Criminology graduates at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology have a
male predominance and the majority of graduates currently employed had permanent status. It is
also encouraging to note that most respondents were able to serve the nation by their goals
because most criminology graduates were affiliated with various law enforcement organizations,
including the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Fire Protection, and the Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology. Additionally, it was found that most of the respondents were
successful in finding employment within six months following graduation. Since these businesses
felt the need to hire them, it can be assumed that the abilities they learned in college apply to their
current position. Alumni and Placement Services of the university should also intercede and help
the graduates of the university in general and the College of Criminology in specific to assist the
graduates in terms of proper job placement and employment to minimize underemployment of its
graduates (Aydiyan, 2019).
Similarly to this, Plantilla (2017) carried out a study that evaluated the comments from
employers on the performances of business graduates from the University of Rizal System Pililla in

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the workplace in terms of knowledge and understanding, abilities, and personal traits. The results
showed that employers are extremely pleased with the graduates' performances in terms of job
knowledge and understanding, general abilities, specialized skills, and personal traits displayed at
work. Additionally, graduates' knowledge and skills are in line with what businesses are looking for,
thus employers strongly favor university graduates in business (Plantilla, 2017).
Lastly, in the study conducted, employability skills are those basic requirements necessary
for getting, keeping, and doing well on a job. These are skills, attitudes, and actions that enable
workers to get along with their fellow workers and supervisors and to make sound, critical
decisions. To better prepare students for their future employment, discovering and developing their
skills while still in the undergraduate years should be considered, technical skills, interpersonal
skills, and conceptual skills are often deemed important(Robinsons 2000).
The main goal of educational institutions is to generate competent graduates who will
strengthen the labor force of the country. Higher education institutions (HEI) must therefore provide
graduates with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for employment. To track the
employment status and identify any difficulties or hurdles, 90 Bachelor of Science in Criminology
graduates from batches 2014 to 2016 who were selected via non-probability sampling participated
in this descriptive study.
Because it was also their ideal job, a lot of people are becoming attracted by jobs in
criminal justice and criminology. They are also being affected by popular television programs like
CSI, Criminal Minds, and Law and Order (Roufa, 2017). Inglish (2016) criminology is the academic
study of crime, criminals, criminal behavior, and punishment. Evidence analysis, psychological and
hereditary factors that contribute to crime, different types of inquiry, conviction, and the
effectiveness of various types of punishment, rehabilitation, and corrections are all included. Under

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the guidelines of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Memorandum Order No. 21, Series
of 2005, degree programs in criminology, law enforcement administration, correction
administration, industrial security administration, and forensic science are included in the criminal
justice education system in the Philippines.
Graduate Tracer Studies have spread to universities all around the world and are now a
well-known technique that gives HEIs the chance to evaluate their academic programs and
activities (Badiru & Wahome, 2016). Tracer studies, often referred to as graduate surveys, alumni
surveys, or graduate monitoring, study the job profiles of graduates between six months and three
years following graduation using a standardized survey. Tracer studies are currently gaining
popularity while already being ubiquitous in higher education. (European Training Foundation,
2017).
In terms of interpersonal skills, the majority stated that they are adaptable and can cope
with change. circumstances and surroundings. Some were hired within a year after graduation, and
the majority of their occupations are related to the curriculum. Unemployed graduates reported
being out of work due to health or family issues. They attempted but were unsuccessful in joining
police enforcement. When it comes to employable skills, the majority are proficient in
disassembling and assembling guns, as well as collecting, preserving, and handling evidence.
Graduates struggled to formulate research questions. Ruiz, D. F. A., Pioquinto, P. V., & Amparado,
M. A. P. (2020).
Furthermore, performance evaluation is an effective tool in influencing behavior since
employees tend to conform to prescribed standards to achieve higher performance ratings. Hence,
dishonesty is a major problem in government, integrity ought to be one of the rateable factors in
performance evaluation (Ursal 2006).

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In addition, performance evaluation in PNP shall be administered by the rules and
regulations and standards, and a code of conduct promulgated by the Commission for members of
the PNP. Performance evaluation system shall be administered in such a way as to foster the
improvement of individual efficiency and behavioral discipline as well as the promotion of
organizational effectiveness and respect for the constitutional and human rights of the citizens,
democratic principles and ideals, and the supremacy of civilian authority over the military Breva Jr.
n.d.(2016)
Tarangco (2019) graduates should have improved knowledge, abilities, attitudes, values,
and experiences in their field. He discovered that although Panpacific University North Philippines
graduates have a low passing rate on their five-year studies, this has never stopped them from
joining the law enforcement sector because they are well-prepared to apply their knowledge in their
chosen profession whether or not they have passed their licensure examination. Additionally, he
discovered that the grads had not yet found the time to pursue master's degrees or other higher-
level degrees.
Moreover, universities are paying more attention to students' employability once they
complete their degrees. Employability is included in the School of Criminology and Criminal
Justice's degree programs utilizing a variety of ways, though practicum is one way to improve
students' employability. These techniques are based on the Employability Framework's embedded
student lifecycle concept (Bates & Hates, 2017)

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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in gathering the data needed for
the study. The discussion is focused on the research design, respondents of the study, the locale
of the study, data gathering tools, data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment.
Research Design
This study used a descriptive survey that systematically describes the Employer's feedback
on the performance of Criminology graduates from the ISU-Cauayan Campus. Descriptive
research is employed in particular. This study of graduate performance employed the descriptive
research design, a scientific approach that entails watching and describing a subject's behavior
without in any way altering it.
According to Best and Kahn (2007), as cited by Salaria (2012), The term descriptive
research has often been used incorrectly to describe three types of investigation that are different.
Perhaps their superficial similarities have obscured their difference. Each of them employs the
process of disciplined inquiry through the gathering and analysis of empirical data, and each
attempts to develop knowledge.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents in this study are the employers of the graduates of BS Criminology in ISU
Cauayan City. Graduates' employment will be traced initially from the College of Criminal Justice
Education Faculty office file and the Campus Alumni office. There are 16 police stations, 2 fire
stations, 3 jail management, and penology, and 2 in other offices (micro-financing and academic
institutions).

Criminology Program
Cauayan City, Campus Reseach Design and Methodology
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Locale of the Study
The research is carried out within the Province of Isabela and Santiago City where the
graduates of 2015-2020 are employed. The researchers surveyed the different law enforcement
agencies (BFP, BJMP, BFP, and MDRRMC) and other allied agencies (academe, microfinance, and
local government unit in different cities such as Santiago City, Ilagan City (Sindun Bayabu and
IPPO), Cauayan City, and municipalities including Benito Soliven, San Mariano, Naguilian, Alinam,
Alicia, Angadanan, Ramon, San Mateo, Cabatuan, Luna, Aurora, Burgos, Roxas, and Quirino.
Data Gathering Tool
This study used a self-made survey questionnaire with references from published studies
and researchers of state and private universities. It was validated by the research adviser and
other faculty members The survey questionnaire is composed of four sections such as the
demographic profile and employer's feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in
interpersonal, workplace, and technical skills. Unstructured questions were used to survey the
inclination of agencies to employ Criminology graduates from ISU Cauayan and their suggestions
or recommendations as to what are important skills or subjects that should be possessed by the
graduates.
Data Gathering Procedure
The procedures used by the researcher to collect enough data from the respondents are
mentioned below as a strategy for gathering data needed in the study.
The researchers followed the steps below in gathering the data needed. First, the researcher
composed a letter that was checked by the adviser and sought permission to conduct the study
from the College Dean. After gathering permission and approval, the researchers coordinated with
the head of the agencies for their approval to float the questionnaires and schedule the survey. The

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researchers orient, inform, and ask the participants about the nature and purpose of the study.
Finally, the responses were retrieved, evaluated, classified, analyzed, and interpreted.
The researchers took two weeks to complete the distribution and retrieval of the survey
questionnaires as some were retrieved immediately while some agencies scheduled the retrieval
within 3-5 days.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The data that will be collected in the study will be subjected to the following
statistical treatment:
After the researchers had collected the data, they prepared the data gathered for
statistical analysis and treatment. The collected data were subjected to the following
statistical treatment:
1. Frequency and Percentage were used in determining the Demographic Profile of the graduates.
A measure of the number of occurrences of a particular score in a given set
of data. The computed percentage will use to determine the proportion of the part to a whole such
as the given number of respondents about the entire population. This was obtained by dividing (f)
frequency by the (n) or number of respondents and multiplying it by 100 to get the percentage.
The Formula to obtain percent as shown:
F
P= x100
n
Where:
P=Percentage
f=Frequency (total number of those who answer)

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n=Total number of respondents

Reseach Design and Methodology
2. Weighted Mean was applied in determining the performance level of the graduates.
This measure will use to describe the factors contributing to the employer’s feedback.
The Formula to obtain the mean is as shown:
M=
∑X
N
Where:
x= sample data
n= total number of respondents
3. One - Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to treat the significant mean difference
among the groups of respondents.
4. The researchers used the JAMOVI software for the computation and calculation of the data sets.
The given scale was used to interpret the result of the data gathered:
Scale Range Verbal Interpretation
4 3.7– 4.0 Very Satisfactory
3 2.8– 3.6 Satisfactory
2 1.9 – 2.7 Unsatisfactory
1 1.0 - 1.8 Very Unsatisfactory
Ethical Considerations
The participants in this study provided consent and stated their willingness to voluntarily
participate in the study, and the researchers adhered to ethical norms by consenting to complete

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the survey questionnaires. Participants were expressly instructed not to provide their names or
other identifying information when responding to the data survey questions. By adopting these
actions, we tried to treat the participants ethically while assuring them of strict confidentiality and
anonymity of the data they provide.
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
The chapter includes presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data. The result of each
data on employers' feedback on the performance of criminology graduates in terms of interpersonal
skills, technical knowledge, and workplace skills, analyses and interpretation based on the
questions previously raised, and the degree of inclination of the employers to hiring criminology
graduates of Isabela State University Cauayan- Campus were presented, analyzed and interpreted
by the researchers.
Profile of the Graduates
Table 1. Profile of the Graduates in terms of an employment agency
EMPLOYMENT AGENCY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
PNP 65 91
BJMP 2 3
BFP 2 3
OTHERS 2 3
TOTAL 71 100

Criminology Program
Cauayan City, Campus Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Innovation”
Table 1 indicates the distribution of respondents from different organizations or agencies
where the graduates are employed. It reveals that out of the 71 employed graduates surveyed,
there are 65 (91%) are employed in the Philippine National Police Bureau far from the percentage
of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, Bureau of Fire Protection, and other agencies.
This means that the majority of the graduates are police officers. It further shows that graduates
are employed by agencies that are vertically aligned with their courses. In addition, the study
conducted by Q. H Relatorres, etc. ( 2013), The attraction of the Philippine National Police (PNP)
as a job destination for graduates of Criminology stems from the better well-being perceptions of
the agency. In particular, there are better opportunities for promotion and benefits at PNP than in
other agencies, These positive well-being dimensions are reinforced by the fact that in terms of
workload and work pressure, the agencies have equally high ratings. In other words, for the same
level of work and stress, the PNP offers better opportunities for growth and development than other
Table 2. Graduate’s profile in terms of Number of Years in Service.
Number Frequency Percentage
1 to 3 11 15.00
4 to 6 43 61.00
6 to 9 17 24.00
Total 71 100.00
Table 2 indicates the distribution of respondents’ number of years in service. It shows that
the highest number of years in service is 4-6 years with 61% followed by 6-9 years. This shows
that the graduates are not new to their occupation and are already obtained permanent status and
broader knowledge and experience in their field of work. It can be derived that the graduates got

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employed in a few years considering the process and cycle of recruitment in the Tri-bureau where
applicants must wait for the schedule of processing and recruitment which will signal their time to
apply. As stated in the PNP Memorandum Order No. 2021-021. Appointment/Status refers to a
newly appointed Patrolman/Patrolwoman and/or lateral entrant who meets the minimum training
requirements but whose appointment has not yet been attested by the Civil Service Commission as
certified by the PNP Accounting Information System. Records Management Division, Directorate
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
for Personnel and Records Management.
Recruitment in the PNP, BJMP, and BFP typically follows a cycle that involves several
stages. While specific details may vary over time and based on organizational requirements, the
general recruitment cycle in the PNP, BJMP, and BFP are Announcement of quotas, Application
and screening, Physical and medical examination, Written examination, Background investigation,
Panel interview, Psychological and personality assessment, and Final selection and training.
Furthermore, The basis for quotas in the Philippines National Police (PNP) can vary
depending on a range of factors and considerations. The allocation of quotas is typically
determined by assessing various criteria related to law enforcement needs and priorities. Some
common factors that may influence the establishment of quotas in the PNP include Crime rate,
Population density, Geographic Distribution, Security Threats and Challenges, and Community
Needs and Priorities.
In addition, specific criteria and methodologies used to determine quotas in the PNP can
evolve and may be subject to government policies, law enforcement strategies, and changing
circumstances. For the most accurate and up-to-date information on the basis for quotas in the
PNP, it is recommended to refer to official PNP publications, and government regulations, or
consult with PNP authorities directly.

Criminology Program
Cauayan City, Campus Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Innovation”
In the study by Negro (2008) entitle Employment Status of Criminology Graduates at the
University of Cebu, Lapu-Lapu Mandaue ( UCLM), it was revealed that out of 158 respondents,
only 67 were employed. Twenty-two were permanent employees, and the rest were temporary or
contractual employees. Moreover, it was revealed that employed respondents got their jobs as
walk-in applicants while others were recommended by prominent people or had political
connections. Furthermore, it shows that the skills relevant to their present occupation as PNP
members and credit investigators were investigation, communication, and problem-solving skills.
And the main reason for unemployment was lack of professional eligibility, no job opening in their
field of specialization, lack of political connections, and inadequate communication skills.
Table 3. Employer's feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of
Interpersonal skills
Interpersonal skills Mean SD Descriptive Interpretation
1. Verbal communication efficiency (able to

3.63 0.49 Satisfactory
express ideas clearly and confidently in speech).
2. Proficient in written communication and ability

3.57 0.5 Satisfactory
to express oneself in writing.
3. Flexibility; can adapt successfully to changing

3.86 0.35 Very Satisfactory
situations and environments.
4. Negotiating and Persuading; ability to influence
and convince others to discuss and reach an 3.62 0.49 Very Satisfactory
agreement.
5. Leadership; adheres to standards and 3.73 0.51 Very Satisfactory
procedures, maintains confidentiality, and

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questions inappropriate behavior.
6. Integrity; adheres to standards and procedures,
maintains confidentiality, and questions 3.75 0.53 Very Satisfactory
inappropriate behavior.
Grand Total 3.73 0.34 Very Satisfactory
As seen in Table 3, the respondents indicated that the graduates have satisfactory
performance in terms of Interpersonal Skills with a mean of 3.73.
The highlighted interpersonal skills of the graduates are flexibility with the highest mean of
2.86, followed by integrity with a mean of 3.75and leadership with a mean of 2.73. On the other
hand, the graduates have lower performance rating in verbal communication efficiency with a mean
of 3.63, and Proficient in written communication and ability to express oneself in writing with a
mean of 3. 57. This means that the graduates are good leaders, works with integrity and can easily
adapt changes in environment and situation that they may encounter to their place of deployment
and any unit of assignment. The graduates are trustworthy and they can trust and confidence of
their superiors, coworkers, and stakeholders and have no records of misdemeanor or wrongdoing.
Pagon (2004: 96). Believes that having integrity means that police officers genuinely accept the
values and moral standards of policing as they are espoused Pagon (2004: 96).
In the study entitled “Police leadership as a professional practice in the USA”, they
consistently act, out of their own will, by those values, standards, and virtues, even in the face of
external pressures. While there is a long history of academic interest in police ethics and integrity
in the USA, such issues took longer to gain systematic scholarly attention in the UK. In the 1990s,
however, police misconduct increasingly gained academic attention, as exemplified by the
comprehensive text on police ethics by Kleinig (1996).

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Lastly pioneering the study of John Alderson’s (1998) discussion of ‘principled policing,
which presciently advocated a code of ethics an issue developed by Neyroud and Beckley (2001)
in eight principles for ethical policing. At that time, Neyroud and Beckley argued that human rights,
ethics, and police practice are linked. They stated that alongside the broader movement to develop
human rights internationally and within states, there has been a particular drive to provide
international standards for policing.

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Table 4. Employer's feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of

workplace skills.
Workplace Skills Mean SD Descriptive
Interpretation
1. Teamwork; coordinates with superior and 3.85 0.36 Very Satisfactory
participate with workmates, can work confidently
within a group, have a good grasp of human
relations, moral, and ethics
2. Drive; determined to get things done, make things 3.81 0.4 Very Satisfactory
happen and constantly looking for better ways of
doing things.
3. Personal impact/confidence; presents a strong, 3.78 0.42 Very Satisfactory
professional, positive image to others which inspires
confidence and commands respect.
4. Stress tolerance; maintains effective performance 3.82 0.42 Very Satisfactory
under pressure.
5. Independence; accepts responsibility for view 3.76 0.46 Very Satisfactory
6. Action planning; able to decide what steps are 3.56 0.53 Satisfactory
needed to achieve particular goals and implement
these.
7. Decision-making; determines the best course of 3.63 0.51 Satisfactory
action, evaluates options based on logic and facts,
and presents solutions.
8. Interpersonal sensitivity; recognizes and respects 3.73 0.45 Very Satisfactory

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different perspectives; is open to ideas and views of
others.
9. Initiative; able to assess and initiate things 3.75 0.44 Very Satisfactory
independently

Table 4 presents that the performance of graduates in terms of workplace skills is very
satisfactory with a total mean of 3.73. There is an emphasis based on the highest total mean for
teamwork (3.85), stress tolerance (3.82), and drive (3.81) and the least total mean to include
decision-making (3.63) and action-planning (3.56). This implies that graduates are more capable of
working with the team, in tolerating stresses and they have the drive to get their duties done than in
decision-making and action-planning. Relating to this aspect it must be noted that the graduates
under subjects on operational planning, management, and the subject human behavior and crisis
management thereby graduate as part of the BS Criminology curriculum. The graduate’s
performance rating in decision-making and action planning can be due to their past and present
designation since most of the graduates do not hold high designations as shown in their
demographic profile as previously presented. It is by tradition that the different law enforcement
agencies follow the line and staff organizational structure in which the chain of command always
comes from the top managers and flows down to the lowest rank. The manager or the chief of the
department or unit holds the decision-making authority and has direct control over their respective
departments and subordinates must have to act by command or instruction given by their superior
officers thereby those officers who hold a lower position can just decide and do what they want
unless it is in accordance to a standard operating procedure or the command thus their confidence
to decide and to make a plan is not enhanced unless given the authority. Liao, Yao & Gong ( 2020)

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stated that line and staff organization can involve hierarch of authority and leadership style can
vary depending on the culture of the organization. And the personality of the leader. There are also
negative effects of line and staff organization lack of communication breakdown, lack of
accountability, and resistance to change (Kokemuller, 2021).
Table 5. Employer’s feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of technical
skills.
Technical skills Mean SD Descriptive
Interpretation
1. Achievement of expected output on assigned 3.68 0.47 Satisfactory
tasks/duties.
2. Able to gather, preserve and protect information 3.76 0.43 Very Satisfactory
when necessary or applicable to his assignment
3. Knowledge of computers needed in the 3.68 0.47 Satisfactory
performance of duty/job.
4. Performs duties by Standard Operating Procedure. 3.81 0.4 Very Satisfactory
5. Applies/knowledge on legal aspects of the 3.75 0.44 Very Satisfactory
duty/assignment when applicable or necessary.
6. Observe Ethical Standards set by the office/unit. 3.87 0.34 Very Satisfactory

Table 5 indicates that the graduates are very satisfactory in terms of technical skills with a
total of 3.75 with high regard on the observance of ethical standards set by the office or unit with
the highest mean of 3.87, followed by a performance of duties based on standard operating
procedures with a mean of 3.81 and application of laws relating to their jobs and duties with a

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mean of 3.75. The table further shows that the graduates have satisfaction in terms of the
achievement of expected output on assigned tasks and knowledge in computer needed in the
performance of duty/job (M=3.68, SD= 0.47).
The inability to achieve the expected output assigned to the graduates is an indication of
inefficiency however this can be a result of the availability of time frame given to finish the work, the
amount of workload, and the nature of the assigned task. In terms of knowledge of computers, this
can be understandable since Criminology courses do not offer subjects that will make graduates
knowledgeable in computers other than the basics since they are given only one computer course
in their 4 years in college that they don’t have the opportunity to broaden their knowledge in their
college years. It is expected that assigned task requiring higher knowledge and computer is a job
mismatch for Criminology graduates.
Therefore, in this case, they need to ask for help from others or explore how to come up
with an output. This causes delay leading to inefficiency. Kamaruddin, Abdullah, and Yusof (2018)
found in their study on the causes of inefficiency in the workplace includes poor communication,
inadequate training and development, lack of motivation, and ineffective leadership. The computer
works assigned to Criminology graduates is a little bit of job mismatch which gives a negative effect
on their performance as Mamun & Rahman (2018) found in their study that job mismatch results to
lower job satisfaction, commitment, and productivity.
The inclination of employers to hire Criminology graduates of ISU Cauayan.
One hundred percent of all the respondents agree to hire again criminology graduates of
ISU Cauayan Campus with the requirement that they should at least meet the qualifications set by

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the agency. This means that the graduates are giving a good impression of the quality of work a
Criminology graduate of ISU Cauayan to employers. It is also emphasized that the chief or heads
of the agency strictly do not hire applicants who do not possess the required qualifications.
The qualities, skills, or traits a Criminology graduate should possess. The subjects to be learned by
a criminology student.
The respondents gave varied skills to be possessed by Criminology graduates. In terms of
values or Interpersonal Skills; discipline, integrity, maka tao, police ethics, initiative, kind, honesty,
analytical thinking, maka-Diyos, maka-kalikasan, maka-bansa, obedient, dedicated, responsible
and open-minded, committed, persistence, perseverance, flexible, adaptability, courage, creativity,
positivity, compassion.
Technical skills: In terms of technical skills, the graduates should be knowledgeable in criminal law,
criminal investigation, criminal operational procedure, criminalistics, cybercrime, police intelligence,
and technical writing.
Workplace skills: In terms of workplace skills, the graduate should be skilled in writing, have
maximum tolerance, be computer literate, have leadership, and eagerness to learn.
These suggestions reflect those good values and ethics are very important to Criminology
graduates. It may be because of the nature of employment a Criminology graduate can be hired
which is more on public service which highly demands integrity, honor, and justice. They are
exposed to different situations that would test their moral values and ethics, particularly bribes,
graft, and corruption.
The BS curriculum fits the technical and workplace skills required by employers. This means
that higher education institutions must have to ensure that these skills must be possessed by the
graduates.

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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

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This chapter summarized the majority of findings, conclusions, and recommendations
based on the data analysis to provide unbiased feedback on the specific problem posed in the
study.
Summary of Findings
The researchers aim to determine the employer’s feedback on the performance of the
graduates in their respective designation/ agency to provide a relevant basis in attaining a quality
Criminology proficiency which will highly satisfy the needs of the criminal justice employers/allied
institution when they group into numbers of years in service and employment agency.
1. The graduates surveyed and evaluated by the employers are mostly male and employed in the
Philippine National Police for 4-6 years.
2. In terms of interpersonal skills the graduates are very satisfactory in terms of integrity,
leadership, and flexibility however satisfactory in terms of proficiency and effectiveness in verbal
and written communication. The employers are very satisfied with graduates’ performance relating
to technical skills particularly in preserving and protecting documents, following standard operating
procedures, and in professional ethics. In their workplace, the graduates have very satisfactory
performance particularly in teamwork, drive, and stress tolerance but satisfactory decision-making
and action planning.
3. The employers gives a high inclination in hiring Criminology graduates of ISU Cauayan campus
Conclusion and Recommendation
when all of them agree to hire again graduates from ISU unless qualified.
4. As enumerated by the employer's Criminology graduates should possess In terms of values;
discipline, integrity, maka tao, police ethics, initiative, kind, honesty, analytical thinking, maka-
Diyos, maka-kalikasan, maka-bansa, obedient, dedicated, responsible and open-minded,

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committed, persistence, perseverance, flexible, adaptability, courage, creativity, positivity, and
compassion. They should have skills in criminal law, criminal investigation, criminal operational
procedure, criminalistics, cybercrime, police intelligence, and technical writing and at the same be
knowledgeable in writing, and computer, and have leadership and have eagerness to learn.
Conclusions
From the findings of the study, the researcher has come to the following conclusion.
1. Criminology graduates prefer to be a member of the PNP than other related agencies.
2 The Criminology graduates perform their jobs with accuracy and high acceptability concerning
technical jobs. The missing link to their exceptional performance of work is wider competency in
computers and considerable improvement in their written and oral communication skills. However,
computer jobs and exceptional communication are a mismatch in the criminology profession
Recommendation
Based on the information provided, here are some suggestions to address the mentioned curricular
requirements for criminology students:
1. The Dean and faculty may include in the syllabus activities that will hone criminology students'
skills in written and verbal communication such as debate and essay writing contests.
2. Criminology students may be required to have National Certificate as a requirement in their

References
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Plantilla A. (2017). Graduates Performance in the Workplace: Employer’s Perspective. Retrieved
on October 25, 2020 https:// www. academia.edu/42002979/

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix A
NOMINATION OF GUIDANCE COMMITTEE
We hereby nominate the following as members of the Guidance Committee:
GRACE H. LUPAO Ph. D. CJ JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Ed.
Research Adviser English Critic
ARNOLD A. PASCUA, Ph. D.
Statistician
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
GLAIZA JOY G. DOMINGO
ALDRICH JOHN A, REMIGIO
Researchers

Criminology Program
Innovation”
We hereby attest our willingness to serve as members of the Guidance Committee for:
ANGELO G. BAGUIO GLAIZA JOY G. DOMINGO ALDRICH JOHN A, REMIGIO
Researcher Researcher Researcher
GRACE H. LUPAO Ph. D. CJ _________________ ________________
Research Adviser Signature Date
JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Ed. _________________ ________________
English Critic Signature Date
ARNOLD A. PASCUA, Ph. D. _________________ ________________
Statistician Signature Date
Approved:
HARVEY T. ALEJANDRO, Ph. D. CJ AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
College Research Coordinator Chairman, College Research Ethics Committee
LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG, Ph. D. Crim.
Dean, College of Criminal Justice Education
Appendix B

Criminology Program
Innovation”
TITLE APPROVAL
Title : EMPLOYER’S FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OG
CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS
Place of the Study : Isabela State University - Cauayan Campus.
San Fermin, Cauayan City, Isabela.
Duration : February 2023 – May 2023
Researchers: : Baguio, Angelo G., Domingo, Glaiza Joy G., rRemigio, Aldrich John A.
Certified by:
Adviser:
JOJO P. BAUTISTA, Ph. D. CJ
Approved:

Criminology Program
Innovation”

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix C
RESEARCH OUTLINE APPROVAL
Title : EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE OF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS
Statement of the Problems : 1. What is the profile of the offenders and their victims in terms
of:
1.1 Eligibility
1.2 Highest educational attainment
1.3 Rank
1.4 Employment agency
1.5 Designation
1.6 Number of years in the service.
2. What is the employer’s feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of
interpersonal skills, technical knowledge and workplace skills?
3. What degree of inclination of the employers to hiring criminology graduates of Isabela State
University Cauayan-Campus?
4. What particular qualities, skills or traits that a Criminology graduate should possess?

Criminology Program
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Methodology :
Study Local and Participants/Respondents : Employers of the graduates of BS Criminology in ISU
Cauayan City FROM 2015 TO 2020
Expected Output : Propose a Program or activities that will enhance
graduates’ performance
This study is hereby ENDORSED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY.
Signed:
AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Ed.
Statistician
This research Outline is hereby ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Approved:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix D
PERMISSION TO START/CONDUCT THE STUDY
May 1, 2023
_______________________
Sir/Madam:
Greetings of peace!
We are 4th year Criminology Students who are currently undertaking a research study entitled:
Employers Feedback on the Performance of Criminology Graduates of Batch 2025-2020. This
study aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program implementers particularly ISU
Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies or learning strategies, or
programs that will enhance identified areas affecting graduate’s performance.
Relative to this, we humbly request permission to please allow us to gather data needed in the
success of our study. Rest assured that all data gathered will be kept confidential and solely for
academic purposes only. A structured questionnaire is attached as tool in the evaluation of the
graduate’s performance

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Attached are copies of the approval of the College Dean to conduct the study and the list of
identified graduates assigned/employed in your office.
Looking ahead for your consideration and affirmation.
Thank you and more power!
Respectfully yours,
RESEARCHERS:
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
ALDRICH JOHN A. REMIGIO
Noted:
GRACE P. HONNAG LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ
Research Adviser
Appendix E
Ethics Committee Approval

Criminology Program
Innovation”
March 10, 2023
DR. AQUIM D. VERZON
Chairman
Research Ethics Committee
Sir:
Greetings of peace!
This is to submit the outline of our research study entitled: EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE
PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATESOF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS which aims to
provide quality information for the Criminology program implementers particularly ISU Cauayan
Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies or learning strategies, or programs
helpful for the improvement of areas needing enhancement.
Relative to this, we wish to apply for a Certification to proceed/conduct our study.
Respectfully yours,

Criminology Program
Innovation”
RESEARCHERS:
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
Noted: Accepted:
GRACE HONNAG LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
Research Adviser Chairman
College Research Ethics Committee
March 10, 2023
RESEARCHERS:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
Sir:
After a review of your Research Outline entitled EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE
PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS which aims to
provide quality information for the Criminology program implementers particularly ISU Cauayan
Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies or learning strategies, or programs
helpful for the improvement of areas needing enhancement, the Research Ethics Committee found
to favor your request.
The College Research Ethics Committee hereby grants APPROVAL to pursue your study.
For reference and records.
Signed:
HARVEY T. ALEJANDRO, Ph. D. CJ GRACE H. LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ
Chief Consultant Chief Consultant

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Qualitative Research Quantitative Research
AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG, Ph. D. Crim
Chairman, CCJE-REC Dean, CCJE
Appendix F
APPLICATION FOR RESEARCH DEFENSE
To the Research Committee:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
This is to apply for a Research Defense on MAY 17, 2023, entitled: EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON
THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATESOF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS
Attached are three copies of the research manuscript.
Sincerely yours,
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
Researchers
Noted:
GRACE H. LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Ed.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Statistician
Approved:
AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
Chairman, College Research Ethics Committee
HARVEY T. ALEJANDRO, Ph. D. CJ
College Research Coordinator

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix G
RESEARCH DEFENSE EVALUATION FORM
Research Title : EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATESOF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS
Researchers : ANGELO G. BAGUIO
ALDRICH JOHN A, REMIGIO
Course : Bachelor of Science in Criminology
Date of Defense : MAY 17, 2023
Research Adviser :GRACE H. LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ
Criteria Weight Evaluator’s
rating
1. Creativity and Originality of Work 30%
 Rationale/ The Research gap is clearly stated (10%).
 Objectives (5%).
 Conceptual Analytical Framework Methodology (15%).

Criminology Program
Innovation”
2. Quality and Organization of Paper. 30%
The technical paper should be comprehensive and well written
with clarity of presentation including graphs, table, figures, and
photos. The scientific approach (es) is (are) valid and result outcome
are reliable dependable.
 Accuracy of figures and language (10%)
 Clarity and style (10%)
 Cogency and logic (10%)
3. Relevance/ Signature 30%
The output of project should be contributing to the body of
knowledge and the advancement of the concern profession. It
should contribute in the practice of the profession and various
industries, academe, and communities.
 Contribution to new knowledge and S & T advancement
(20%)
 Contribution to the development of academe,
 Communities and industries (10%)
4. Quality of Oral Presentation 10%
 Clarity of presentation, visual aids, stage presence, voice
 Modulation, Response to Inquiries (10%)
TOTAL 100%
Comments/Suggestions:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix H
CERTIFICATION TO UNDERGO FINAL DEFENSE

Criminology Program
Innovation”
This is to CERTIFY that ANGELO G. BAGUIO, GLAIZA JOY G. DOMINGO, ALDRICH JOHN A.
REMIGIO who are conducting a study entitled “EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE
PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATESOF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS” is qualified to
undergo Final Defense on MAY 17, 2023.
Signed:
GRACE H. LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ
Research Adviser
AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
Chairman, College Research Ethics Committee
HARVEY T. ALEJANDRO, Ph. D. CJ
College Research Coordinator

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix I
REQUEST LETTER FOR AN ADVISER
March 23, 2023

Criminology Program
Innovation”
DR. LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG
Dean
Sir
Greetings of peace!
EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF ISU
CAUAYAN-CAMPUS. This study aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program
implementers particularly ISU Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose
remedies or learning strategies, or programs helpful for the improvement of areas needing
enhancement.
Relative to this, we humbly request DR. GRACE HONNAG LUPAO to be our research adviser. We
believe that her expertise in the field of Criminal Justice will provide us assistance to finish our
study.
Respectfully yours,

Criminology Program
Innovation”
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
Researchers
Accepted: Noted:
GRACE HONNAG LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
Faculty, CCJE College Research Coordinator
Approved: LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG, Ph. D. CJ
Dean, CCJE
Appendix J
REQUEST LETTER FOR AN ENGLISH CRITIC
May 31, 2023
JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Edn

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Sir:
Greetings of peace!
EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF ISU
CAUAYAN - CAMPUS. This study aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program
implement's particularly ISU Cauayan Campus. in order to address remedies or learning strategies,
or programs that will enhance identified areas affecting graduate’s performance.
In this regard, we are writing to humbly request your service and expertise to serve as our English
Critic. We believe that your knowledge and insights will be valuable and will greatly enrich our
work.
Respectfully yours,
ANGELO G. BAGUIO

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Researchers
Accepted: Noted:
JAYSON G. COLCOL, M. A. Edn AQUIM D. VERZON, Ph. D. CJ
Faculty, SAS College Research Coordinator
Approved:
Dean, CCJE
Appendix K
REQUEST LETTER FOR A STATISTICIAN
May 11, 2023
DR. ARNOLD T PASCUA

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Faculty, SAS
Sir
Greetings of peace!
We are 4th year Criminology Students who are currently undertaking a research study entitled
EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE OF ISU
CAUAYAN - CAMPUS. This study aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program
implements particularly ISU Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies
or learning strategies, or programs that will enhance identified areas affecting graduate’s
performance.
Relative to this we humbly request you to be our Research Statistician. We believe that your
expertise in the field of statistical Analysis will provide us assistance to finish our study.
Looking ahead for your consideration an affirmation.
Respectfully yours,
BAGUIO, ANGELO G.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
DOMINGO, GLAIZA JOY G.
REMIGIO, ALDRICH JOHN A.
Researcher
Accepted: Noted:
DR. ARNOLD T. PASCUA AQUIM D. VERZON,Ph. D. CJ
Faculty, SAS College Research Coordinator
Approved:
LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG, Ph, D. CJ
Dean, CCJE
Appendix L
Request Letter to Conduct the Study
March 23, 2023
DR. LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG
Dean
Sir:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Greetings of peace!
We are 4th year Criminology Students who are currently undertaking a research study
entitled:EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE
OF ISU CAUAYAN - CAMPUS aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program
implements particularly ISU Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies
or learning strategies, or programs that will enhance identified areas affecting graduate’s
performance.
Relative to this we humbly request you to be our Research Statistician. We believe that your
expertise in the field of statistical Analysis will provide us assistance to finish our study.
Please see attached survey questionnaire for your reference.
Respectfully yours,
BAGUIO, ANGELO G.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
DOMINGO, GLAIZA JOY G.
Researchers
Noted: Approved:
JOJO P. BAUTISTA, Ph. D. CJ LOUIE RAY U. QUILANG, Ph. D. CJ
Research Adviser Dean, CCJE
Appendix M
Letter to the Participating Agency, Participants or Respondents
May 1, 2023
_______________________
Sir/Madam:
Greetings of peace!
Employers Feedback on the Performance of Criminology Graduates of Batch 2025-2020. This

Criminology Program
Innovation”
study aims to provide quality information for the Criminology program implementers particularly ISU
Cauayan Campus. In addition, the researchers will propose remedies or learning strategies, or
programs that will enhance identified areas affecting graduate’s performance.
Relative to this, we humbly request permission to please allow us to gather data needed in the
success of our study. Rest assured that all data gathered will be kept confidential and solely for
academic purposes only. A structured questionnaire is attached as tool in the evaluation of the
graduate’s performance
Attached are copies of the approval of the College Dean to conduct the study and the list of
identified graduates assigned/employed in your office.
Respectfully yours,
RESEARCHERS:
ANGELO G. BAGUIO

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Noted:
GRACE P. HONNAG LUPAO, Ph. D. CJ
Research Adviser
Survey Questionnaire for the Respondents
EMPLOYERS’ FEEDBACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY
GRADUATES OF ISU CAUAYAN – CAMPUS
Eligibility:
( ) CSC ( ) NAPOLCOM
( ) Criminologist (CLE) ( ) FOE
( ) BOARD / BAR ELIGIBILITY (RA 1080)
( ) Others; (specify).______________
Highest Educational Attainment:
( ) Bachelor Degree
( ) Doctoral
( ) Masteral Degree
Rank:
( ) Non-commissioned
( ) Commissioned

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Employment agency:
( ) PNP ( ) BJMP ( ) BFP
( ) PDEA ( ) AFP
Others: (specify) ___________
Number of years in the service:
( ) 1-3 years
( ) 4-6 years
( ) 6-9 years
Designation: ______________________
Instruction: Using the 4 point below. Rate the following questions by placing a check in the
box. Please answer the questions honestly. Do not leave each item unanswered.
Scale:
1- Poor 2- Unsatisfactory 3- Satisfactory 4- Very Satisfactory
A. Interpersonal Skills
Indicators 1 2 3 4
1. Verbal communication efficiency (able to express ideas clearly and confidently in
speech).
2. Proficient in written communication and ability to express oneself in writing.
3. Flexibility; can adapt successfully to changing situations and environments.
4. Negotiating and Persuading; ability to influence and convince others to discuss and
reach an agreement.
5. Leadership; adheres to standards and procedures, maintains confidentiality and

Criminology Program
Innovation”
6. Integrity; adheres to standards and procedures, maintains confidentiality and
B. Workplace Skills
Indicators 1 2 3 4
1. Teamwork; coordinates with superior and participate with work mates, can work
confidently within a group, have a good grasp of human relations, moral and ethics.
2. Drive; determined to get things done, make things happen and constantly looking for
better ways of doing things.
3. Personal impact/confidence; presents a strong, professional, positive image to others
which inspires confidence and commands respect.
4. Stress tolerance; maintains effective performance under pressure.
5. Independence; accepts responsibility for view
6. Action planning; able to decide what steps are needed to achieve particular goals and
implement these.
7. Decision-making; determines the best course of action, evaluate options based on
logic and facts and presents solutions.
8. Interpersonal sensitivity; recognizes and respects different perspective; open to ideas
and views of others.
9. Initiative; able to assess and initiate things independent
C. Technical Skills
Indicators 1 2 3 4
1. Achievement of expected output on assigned task/duties.
2. Able to gather, preserve and protect information when necessary or applicable to his
assignment

Criminology Program
Innovation”
3. Knowledge in computer needed in the performance of duty/job.
4. Performs duties in accordance to Standard Operating Procedure.
5. Applies/knowledge on legal aspects of the duty/assignment when applicable or
necessary.
6. Observe Ethical Standards set by the office/unit.
D. Degree of Inclination
1. Given the authority to select among applicants to be joining your organization /
company, will you still hire criminology graduate form Isabela State University Cauayan-
Campus?
Answer:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. As an employer, what particular qualities, skills or traits that a Criminology Graduate
should possess? What particular subjects should be learned by a Criminology Graduate?
Answer:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
INFORMED CONSENT FORM
By signing this CONSENT, I agree to take part in the study entitled: EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON
THE PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE OF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS. I am fully

Criminology Program
Innovation”
aware of my rights as a respondent/participant as well as the limitations and implications of this
study. I am fully conscious that whatever information that I will be providing will only be used in this
research study. Thus, I am voluntarily affixing my signature to express my full participation in
providing honest information with the condition that my identity will remain unknown.
_____________________________________
Name of Respondent/Participant (Optional)
______________________
Signature
____________
Date

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix O
Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
Cauayan City, Isabela

Criminology Program
Innovation”
StudyOutput
I.
Title: ICT Training Workshop
II. Theme: ICT: The Tool for @1st Century Graduates
III. Speaker(s) : Identified IT Experts
IV. Participants: ISU Criminology Students
V. Date: September 4, 2023
VI. Venue: ISU Gym
VII. Rationale:
As information technology integrates into every aspect of our lives,
understanding computer literacy becomes an ever-increasingly essential
competence in the workplace. Here are several reasons computer literacy is an
important skill to develop:
Advancement in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has
the potential to assist with controlling crime and gain efficiency in policing efforts to
serve communities (Nuth, 2008). ICT has led to more effective policing and
therefore is an essential infrastructure for modern policing.
Their focus on organised crimes across borders and the need to develop
a consensual definition of organised crime still reflect the challenges law
enforcement agencies face across continents. Nuth (2008) reports how

Criminology Program
Innovation”
advancements in the computing power have transformed our societies; provided
opportunities for criminals to commit small and large scale crimes and complicated
global criminal justice systems
Computer literacy enhances productivity and efficiency in the workplace.
For example, you can produce more work in less time and with better accuracy.
You can keep better records, organize files digitally and search for documents
within seconds. Computer literacy skills improve job efficiency by enhancing
workflow and freeing up additional resources to complete other tasks.
VIII. Objectives:
a. To provide computer literacy in Microsoft operation ( Microsft Word, Microsoft
Excel and Microsoft Powerpoint) this softwares are vital operation in the field
to identified Criminology students of Isabela State University- Cauayan
Campus.
b. To train students to become skilled, productive and creative in computer
related jobs.
IX. Expected Output:
Criminology graudates will be more competent in the field of managing data through
ICT based investigation and reliable information.
X. Procedures/ Methodology:
The following methodology has been devised to achieve the above described objectives
with the following activities:
1. Graduates of Criminonogy will enhance their skills in ICT through seminars
and workshop.

Criminology Program
Innovation”
2. Continues support program for criminology students to enhance their expertist
in managing data through ICT
XI. Schedule of Activities:
XII. Certificates
Programs and Certificates: Researchers
Invitations: Researchers
Registration: Researchers
XIII. Budgetary Requirements:
Particulars Amount
Foods/ Snacks 1500.00
Materials 1000.00
Tarpulin 1000.00
Contigency 3000.00
TOTAL 6, 500.00
XIV. Registration:
This training is free. No registration fee collected to the participants.
XV. Programs:

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Part 1: Opening Program
Time Activity Person Involves
8:00 – 8:15 Registration
8:15 – 9:00 Opening Program
9:00 – 11:00 Training Proper
11:00 – 12:00 Health Break
1:00 – 3:00 Workshop Proper
3:00 – 4:00 Closing Program/ Awarding
Prepared by:
BAGUIO, ANGELO G. DOMINGO, GLAIZA JOY G.
Researchers
CERTIFICATION OF ACCEPTANCE
This is to CERTIFY that the Proposal Seminar on ICT TRAINING WORKSHOP of
ANGELO G. BAGUIO, GLAIZA JOY G. DOMINGO and ALDRICH JOHN A. REMIGIO as an output
of their study entitled “Employers’ Feedback On The Performance Of Criminology Graduate of ISU

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Cauayan - Campus is hereby ACCEPTED and be further reviewed for its suitability in the existing
programs in this office.
Given this _____ day of June, 2023 at _____________________________________
Signed:
JONATHAN LORD R. AQUINO, Ph. D
Director, OSAS

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Appendix T
CERTIFICATION FROM A LANGUAGE EDITOR
This is to CERTIFY that the Thesis paper entitled “EMPLOYERS FEEDBACK ON THE
PERFORMANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE OF ISU CAUAYAN- CAMPUS”, by Angelo G.
Baguio, Glaiza Joy G. Domingo and Aldrich John A. Remigio has been proofread and edited fro
proper English language, grammar, punctuations, spelling, and overall style.
_______________
Date

Criminology Program
Innovation”
JAYSON `G. COLCOL, MAEd
Language Editor
CURRICULUM VITAE
ANGELO G. BAGUIO
Personal
Nickname : ANGELO
Permanent Address : DISTRICT III CAUAYAN CITY, ISABELA
Birthdate : JULY 02, 2001
Place of Birth : CAUAYAN CITY, ISABELA :
Civil Status : SINGLE

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Citizenship : FILIPINO
Height : 5’7
Weight : 86
Religion : ROMAN CHATOLIC
Language Spoken : TAGALOG
Education
Tertiary : ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY CAUAYAN CAMPUS
Secondary : CHILDREN OF LOURDES ACADEMIC SCHOOL INC.
Elementary : CAUAYAN SOUTH CENTAL SCHOOL
Trainings Attended
 On the Job Training
 ROTC Training

Criminology Program
Innovation”
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal
Nickname : GLAI
Permanent Address : CABISERA 22 CITY OF ILAGAN,ISABELA
Birthdate : JUNE 11,2001
Place of Birth : CABISERA 17-21 CITY OF ILAGAN, ISABELA
Height : 5’0

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Weight : 47
Religion : ROMAN CATHOLIC
Language Spoken : ILOCANO/ TAGALOG
Education
Tertiary : ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY -CAUAYAN CAMPUS
Secondary : ISABELA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elementary : SABLANG ELEMENTARY
Trainings Attended
 ROTC Training

Criminology Program
Innovation”
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal
Nickname : ALDRICH
Permanent Address : MALUNO NORTE, BENITO SOLIVEN, ISABELA
Birthdate : DECEMBER 29, 2000
Place of Birth : MALUNO NORTE, BENITO SOLIVEN, ISABELA
Height : 5’6
Weight : 66
Religion : ROMAN CATHOLIC

Criminology Program
Innovation”
Language Spoken : ILOCANO/ TAGALOG
Education
Tertiary : ISABELA STATE UNIVERCITY CAUAYAN CAMPUS
Secondary : NAN SING SCHOOL OF CAUAYAN CITY INC.
Elementary : MALUNO INTEGRATED SCHOOL
Trainings Attended
 ROTC Training

Criminology Program

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Isabela State University

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

graduate of Bachelor of Science in Criminology is expected to be knowledgeable and skilled in Six

the adjudication of suspects, law enforcement administration and organization, criminal

College of Criminal Justice Education

institutions composing the pillars of the criminal justice system.

perform work in different agencies

In employment opportunities, a Criminology graduate can be an enforcer, administrator,

College of Criminal Justice Education

graduate of the university.

In a parallel study by Tudy (2017) determining the satisfaction of employers on the

responding to the skills required by the Industry.

important in the enhancement of the institutions’ performance.

College of Criminal Justice Education

Few studies conducted a comparative study on the performance of graduates regarding

circumstances (DEST, 2007; GCA, 2007).

College of Criminal Justice Education

Statement of the Problem

Graduates of ISU Cauayan - Campus.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.2 Highest educational attainment

1.4 Employment agency

1.6 Number of years in the service.

2. What is the employer’s feedback on the performance of Criminology graduates in terms of

interpersonal skills, technical knowledge, and workplace skills?

Problem and Its Background

College of Criminal Justice Education

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. The profile of the

Figure 1. The Paradigm of the StudyProblem and Its Background

attainment, rank, employment agency, designation or position, and number of years in

College of Criminal Justice Education

come up with information dissemination about Employers’ Feedback on the Performance of

areas needing enhancement.

Significance of the study

This study is conducted to determine the employers’ feedback on the Performance of

Criminology graduates of Isabela State University Cauayan – Campus.

strategies, or programs helpful for the improvement of areas needing enhancement.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The number of respondents is limited to graduates of Batch 2015-2020 who can be

operationally for a simple and better understanding of the study

College of Criminal Justice Education

satisfactorily completed a course of study.

organizing transactions between two other parties.

offenders through the system of incarceration, probation, and parole.

Curriculum- a standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and

achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills.

Criminalistics - scientific tests or techniques used in connection with the detection of

accused and convicted criminals.

Employers- a person or organization that employs people.

used as a basis for improvement.

College of Criminal Justice Education

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

on the performance of Criminology Graduates.

life cycle concept (Bates, 2020).

logical arguments (Laguador & Ramos 2014).

College of Criminal Justice Education

(Laguador & Dotong 2015).

organizational cultures (Laguador, 2015).

Also, the employability of graduates is one of the indicators of a higher education

youth's character and values (Dotong, 2016).