Q›`
mwVK Q›` wbY©‡qi Rb¨ ïiæ‡Z ÔgvÎvÕ wnmve K‡i Q‡›`i g~j ˆewk‡ó¨i
mv‡_ wgwj‡q hvPvB Ki‡Z n‡e ‡hÑ †Kvb Q‡›`i c~Y© c‡e©i gvÎv msL¨vi
mv‡_ wg‡j hvq| †m-Rb¨ Av‡M Rvb‡Z n‡eÑ †Kvb Q‡›` c~Y© c‡e©i gvÎv
msL¨v KZ _v‡K|
Avgiv Rvwb, Q›` cÖavbZ wZb cÖKvi| h_v:
1.¯^ie„Ë Q›` (Qovi Q›`): GB Q‡›` c~Y© c‡e© gvÎv msL¨v 4 Ges Ac~Y©
c‡e© 1/2/3 n‡Z cv‡i|
D‡jøL¨, G Q‡›` gvÎv wnmve Kivi mgq †`L‡Z n‡e gy³vÿi me©`v 1
gvÎv Ges e×vÿiI me©`v 1 gvÎv|
G Q‡›`i KweZv Avgv‡`i cvV¨ eB‡q eZ©gvb bvB|
D`vniY-
Ôevku evMv‡bi gv_vi Ici Pvu` D‡V‡Q IBÕ
evuk& ev Mv †bi& = 1 (evuk&) + 1 (ev) + 1 (Mv) + 1 (‡bi&) = 4
gv _vi& I ci& = 1 (gv) + 1 (_vi&) + 1 (I) + 1 (ci&) = 4
Pvu`& D †V †Q = 1 (Pvu`&) + 1 (D) + 1 (‡V) + 1 (‡Q) = 4
IB (1) = 1
myZivs 4 + 4 + 4+ 1 GUv ¯^ie„‡Ëi Q‡›`i ‰ewk‡ó¨i mv‡_ wg‡j
hv‡”Q|
KviY, ¯^ie„Ë Q‡›` gy³vÿi ev e×vÿi 1 gvÎv MYbv Kiv nq|
2. gvÎve„Ë Q›`: GB Q‡›` c~Y©c‡e© gvÎv msL¨v 5/6/7/8 Ges Ac~Y©
c‡e© 2/4 n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e, g~j ce© †`L‡j Ac~Y© ce© weåvšÍ Ki‡Z
cvi‡e bv|
gvÎve„‡Ë gy³vÿi 1 gvÎv| Z‡e, e×vÿi 2 gvÎv wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e|
gvÎve„Ë Q‡›`, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg c~Y©ce© 6 gvÎvi Ges ïay iex›`ªbv_
VvKzi c~Y©ce© 8 gvÎvi KweZv wj‡L‡Qb|
D`vniY-
Mvwn mv‡g¨i MvbÑ
‡hLv‡b Avwmqv GK n‡q †M‡Q me evav-e¨eavb,
gvÎve„Ë Q›`vbyhvqx wnmve Ki‡j,
Mvwn (2) + mv‡g¨i (4) = 6 c~Y©ce© + Mvb (2) = 2 Ac~Y© ce©
‡hLv‡b (3) + Avwmqv (3) = 6 c~Y©ce©
GK& (2) + n‡q (2) + †M‡Q (2) = 6 c~Y©ce©
me& (2) + evav (2) + e¨e& (2) = 6 c~Y©ce©
avb& (2) = 2 Ac~Y©ce©
Zvn‡j,
1g Pi‡Y, 6+ 2
2q Pi‡Y, 6+6+6+2
3. Aÿie„Ë: GB Q‡›` 8+6/8+10/10+8 n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e, wfwË
n‡jv 8+ 10 gvÎv| gvÎv MYbvq gy³vÿi 1 gvÎv Ges e×vÿ‡ii †ÿ‡Î
k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z I g‡a¨ 1 gvÎv wnmve Ki‡jI k‡ãi †k‡l 2 gvÎv wnmve
Ki‡Z n‡e|
D`vniY-
ÒRvwbby †Kg‡b Avwm jÿ¥Y cwkj
Rvwbby (3) + †Kg‡b (3) + Avwm (2) = 8 gvÎvi c~Y©ce©
j²Y (3) + cwkj (3) = 6 gvÎvi Ac~Y©ce©|
GB KweZvwU 8+6 gvÎvi|
Avevi,
wecyjv G c„w_exi KZUzKz Rvwb|
wecyjv (3) + G (1) + c„w_exi (4) = 8 gvÎvi c~Y©ce©
KZUzKz (4) + Rvwb (2) = 6 gvÎvi Ac~Y©ce©|
gvby‡li KZ KxwZ©, KZ b`x wMwi wmÜz giæ,
gvby‡li (4) + KZ (2) + KxwZ© (2) = 8 gvÎvi c~Y©ce©
KZ (2) + b`x (2) + wMwi (2) + wmÜz (2) + giæ (2) = 10 gvÎvi
Ac~Y©ce©|
Zvn‡j, G KweZvq 8 + 6 Ges 8+ 10 gvÎvi Aÿie„Ë Q›` i‡q‡Q|
G¸‡jvi mv‡_ mswkøó welq n‡jv: ce©, Aÿi/gvÎv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv
Acwinvh©|
Aÿi: GKwU k‡ãi hZUzKz Ask‡K Avgiv G‡Kev‡i D”PviY Ki‡Z cvwi
Zv n‡jv Aÿi| Bs‡iwR syllable Gi g‡Zv| †hgb: Ôwek^we`¨vjqÕ k‡ã
5wU Aÿi ( wek& / †kv/ we`&/ `¨v/ jq&) Av‡Q| GLv‡b, wZbwU e×vÿi
I `ywU gy³vÿi i‡q‡Q|
Aÿi `yB cÖKvi | h_v-
1. gy³vÿi (Open Syllable): †h Aÿ‡ii †k‡l ¯^ia¦wb
D”PvwiZ nq Zv‡K gy³vÿi e‡j|
D`vniY: †`wk k‡ã †` Ges wk `y‡Uv gy³vÿi|
2. e×vÿi (Closed Syllable): †h Aÿ‡ii †k‡l e¨ÄbaŸwb
D”PvwiZ nq Zv‡K e×vÿi e‡j|
D`vniY:
e× k‡ã e`& GKwU e×vÿi|
D‡jøL¨, e×vÿ‡ii †k‡li aŸwbwU e¨Äb aŸwb n‡e Ges nm wPý
_vK‡e|
gvÎv:
GKwU Aÿi D”Pvi‡Y †h mgqKvj Zv n‡jv gvÎv| KweZvq Aÿi‡K
gvÎv e‡j| Z‡e gvÎv MYbv Rvb‡Z n‡e gy³vÿi/gy³¯^i ev e×vÿi/
eׯ^i Øviv| KviY, gvÎv MYbvq gy³vÿi 1 gvÎv MYbv Kiv n‡jI
e×vÿi KL‡bv 1 gvÎv ( †hgb: ¯^ie„Ë Q‡›`) Avevi KL‡bv 2 gvÎv
MYbv Kiv nq|
ce©: ce© n‡jv Q›`vbyhvqx gvÎvi weiwZ ¯’vb| †hgb: ¯^ie„‡Ë 4 gvÎv c~Y©
n‡j 1 ce©| G iKg gvÎve„‡Ë 5/6/7/8 gvÎv c~Y© n‡j 1 ce© BZ¨vw`|
gvÎve„‡Ë Q‡›`, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg c~Y©ce© 6 gvÎvi Ges iex›`ªbv_
VvKzi c~Y©ce© 8 gvÎvi KweZv wj‡L‡Qb|
Avmyb Avgiv D`vni‡Y †`wL:
evuk evMv‡bi/ gv_vi Ici/ Pvu` D‡V‡Q/ IB|
gvÎv MYbv Kwi: gvÎve„‡Ë †h‡nZz e×vÿi 2 gvÎv MYbv Kiv hvq|
myZivs fzj K‡i GUv‡K Avcwb hw` Aÿie„‡Ëi g‡Zv MYbv K‡ib
Zvn‡jI Avcbvi fzj eyS‡Z cvi‡eb| Kxfv‡e ‡`Lyb:
evuk& ev Mv †bi& = 2 (evuk&) + 1 (ev) + 1 (Mv) + 2 (‡bi&) = 6
gv _vi& I ci& = 1 (gv) + 2 (_vi&) + 1 (I) + 2 (ci&) = 6
Pvu`& D †V †Q = 2 (Pvu`&) + 1 (D) + 1 (‡V) + 1 (‡Q) = 5
Gevi †`Lyb: Av‡Mi ¸‡jv 6 gvÎv wn‡m‡e Avcbv‡K weåvšÍ Ki‡jI
†k‡li w`‡K G‡m Avcwb †`L‡jb 5 gvÎv|
wKš‘ gvÎve„‡Ë c~Y© ce© Gfv‡e mvaviYZ 6 + 5 n‡e bv|
eis 6 + 6+ 6+ 2/4 n‡e|
ZLbB Avcwb cybivq wnmve Ki‡eb:
evuk& ev Mv †bi& = 1 (evuk&) + 1 (ev) + 1 (Mv) + 1 (‡bi&) = 4
gv _vi& I ci& = 1 (gv) + 1 (_vi&) + 1 (I) + 1 (ci&) = 4
Pvu`& D †V †Q = 1 (Pvu`&) + 1 (D) + 1 (‡V) + 1 (‡Q) = 4
IB (1) = 1
myZivs 4 +4+4+1 GUv ¯^ie„‡Ëi Q‡›`i ‰ewk‡ó¨i mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡”Q|
KviY, ¯^ie„Ë Q‡›` gy³vÿi ev e×vÿi 1 gvÎv MYbv Kiv nq|
 Q›`
gvÎve„‡Ë mvaviYZ c~Y©ce© 5/6/7/8 n‡q _v‡K Ges gy³vÿi 1 gvÎv I
e×vÿi 2 gvÎv MYbv Kiv nq|
Kxfv‡e †`Lyb: mvg¨ev`x KweZv †_‡K:
Mvwn mv‡g¨i Mvb
‡hLv‡b Avwmqv GK n‡q †M‡Q
me evav-e¨eavb|
GLv‡b,
Mv (1) + wn (1) + mvg& (2) + †gi& (2) + Mvb& (2) = 8 (gvÎve„Ë
Abyhvqx)
‡hLv‡b (3) + Avwmqv (3) + GK& (2) + n‡q (2) + †M‡Q (2) + me&
(2) + evav (2) + e¨e& (2) + avb& (2) = 20 (gvÎve„Ëvbyhvqx)
gvÎve„Ë Q›`vbyhvqx wnmve Ki‡j…
Mvwn (2) + mv‡g¨i (4) = 6 c~Y©ce©
Mvb (2) = 2 Ac~Y© ce© (gvÎve„Ë)
‡hLv‡b (3) + Avwmqv (3) = 6 c~Y©ce©
GK& (2) + n‡q (2) + †M‡Q (2) = 6 c~Y©ce©
me& (2) + evav (2) + e¨e& (2) = 6 c~Y©ce©
avb& (2) = 2 Ac~Y©ce©
Zvn‡j 6+6+6+2 gvÎve„Ë|
wKš‘, Ômv‡g¨iÕ k‡ãi gvÎv Aÿie„Ë wn‡m‡e we‡ePbvq wb‡j..
mvg& (1) + †gi& (2) = 3 gvÎvi nq| Gfv‡e ce© wefvRb Ki‡j...
Mvwn (2) + mv‡g¨i (3) + Mvb (2) = 7
‡hLv‡b (3) + Avwmqv (3) + GK& (2) + n‡q (2) = 10
†M‡Q (2) + me& (2) + evav (2) + e¨e& (2) + avb& (2) = 10
`yBUv c‡e©I hw` fvM K‡ib Zvn‡jI Aÿie„‡Ëi ce© wefvR‡b †g‡j bv|
‡Kbbv, Aÿie„‡Ëi ce©wefvRb mvaviYZ 8+6/ 8+10/ 10+8 n‡q
_v‡K|
Zvn‡j eyS‡Z cviwQ GUv gvÎve„Ë Q›`|
M`¨Q›`: M`¨Q›` m¤ú‡K©...
M`¨ Q›` m¤ú‡K© iex›`ªbv_ e‡j‡Qb, ÒM‡`¨i g‡a¨ hLb c‡`¨i iO
aiv‡bv nq ZLb M`¨ KweZvi Rb¥ nq|Ó
ce©¸‡jv bvbv gvÎvi nq| mvaviYZ ce©-‰`‡N¨© †Kvb ai‡bi mgZv ev
wgj _v‡K bv|
c` I PiY hwZ Øviv wba©vwiZ nq bv, eis weivg wPý ev †Q` wPý Øviv
wba©vwiZ nq; GB weivg wPý D”Pvi‡Yi myweav‡_© bq, eis A_© cÖKv‡ki
myweav‡_© e¨eüZ nq|
M`¨ KweZv M‡`¨ †jLv n‡jI Zv covi mgq GK ai‡bi Q›` ev my‡ii
Avfvm cvIqv hvq|
M`¨ KweZv M‡`¨ †jLv n‡jI Gi c`web¨vm wKQzUv wbqwš¿Z I
cybwe©b¨vwmZ n‡q _v‡K|
M`¨Q›` welqe¯‘ wbf©i KweZv|
‡jvK-‡jvKvšÍi: GB KweZvq 14 wU jvBb _vK‡jI GUv PZz`©kc`x
KweZv/ sonnet agx© KweZv bq|
m‡b‡U 2 wU ce© _v‡K| h_v:
1g ce© 8 gvÎvi ce© hv‡K AóK/ octave ejv nq|
2q ce© 6 gvÎvi ce© hv‡K lU&K/ sestet ejv nq| ‡gvU 14 gvÎvi
KweZv|
Ô‡jvK-‡jvKvšÍiÕ KweZv m‡bU bq| eis Aÿie„Ë Q‡›` iwPZ KweZv|
KviY, m‡b‡Ui †ek wKQz ‰ewk‡ó¨i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv G‡Z 14 gvÎv
wewkó 14wU cOw³/ jvBb _v‡K| G KweZvq 14wU cOw³ _vK‡jI cÖwZ
Pi‡Yi gvÎv msL¨v 18wU|
‡hgb:
Avgvi †PZbv †hb GKwU kv`v mwZ¨Kvi cvwL,
e‡m Av‡Q meyR Ai‡Y¨ GK P›`‡bi Wv‡j;
Avgvi (3) + †PZbv (3) + †hb& (2) + GK& (1) + wU (1) + kv`v
(2) + mZ& (1) + wZ (1) + Kvi& (2) + cvwL (2) =18wU
e‡m (2) + Av‡Q (2) + meyR (3) + A (1) + ib& (1) + †b (1) +
GK (2) + Pb& (1) + ` (1) + †bi& (2) + Wv‡j (2) = 18wU
myZivs 14wU PiYwewkó n‡j 14 gvÎvwewkó bq e‡j Ô‡jvK-‡jvKvšÍiÕ
m‡bU KweZv bq|
eis GUv Aÿie„‡Ëi mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡”Q|
8+10 gvÎvi KweZv|
Avgvi (3) + †PZbv (3) + †hb& (2) = 8 gvÎvi c~Y©ce© Ges
GK& (1) + wU (1) + kv`v (2) + mZ& (1) + wZ (1) + Kvi& (2) +
cvwL (2) =10 gvÎvi Ac~Y© ce©|
wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`: Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZv‡K AwgÎvÿi
ejvi ‡Rviv‡jv hyw³ n‡jv ...
Avgv‡`i meviB Rvbv Av‡Q †h, GB KweZv Avjv`v †Kvb KweZv bq;
eis GB KweZv Ô‡gNbv`-ea Kve¨Õi wKq`sk gvÎ| Avi GUvI Avgiv
Rvwb †h, †gNbv`-ea Kve¨Õ i Q›` wn‡m‡e mK‡jB AwgÎvÿi Q›`B
e‡j‡Qb| GgbwK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë wb‡RI AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i K_vB
e‡j‡Qb|
hw` Ack‡b Aÿie„Ë + AwgÎvÿi `ywUB _v‡K| Zvn‡j DËi w`‡Z n‡e
AwgÎvÿi Q›`|
Avevi hw` ïay Aÿie„Ë _v‡K| Zvn‡j GB KweZvi Q›` wn‡m‡e
Aÿie„Ë Q›` DËi w`‡Z n‡e|
‡bvU:
Aÿie„Ë Q‡›`i Aci bvg wgkÖKjve„Ë Q›`|
cÖvPxb Q›` Aÿie„‡Ëi GKwU we‡kl iƒc wQj cqvi|
Kwe gaym~`‡bi Av‡M evsjv KweZvi Q›` wQj- cqvi|
gaym~`b evsjv KweZvi G cÖvPxb cÖ_v‡K (cqvi) †f‡O w`‡q Zvui cÖewZ©Z
Q›` ÔAwgÎvÿiÕ Gi m~Pbv K‡ib|
AwgÎvÿi Q›` evsjv Aÿie„Ë Q‡›`iB beiƒcvqY gvÎ|
cvV¨ eB‡qi KweZvi Q›` g‡b ivLvi †KŠkj:
mv‡g¨i i‡³ AvVv‡ivi gvÎv †`‡L
‡deªæqvwi wKse`wšÍ b~ij`xb
M`¨Q‡›`i KweZv c‡o|
GLv‡b, mvg¨ - mvg¨ev`x KweZv; i‡³- i‡³ Avgvi Abvw` A¯¿ ;
AvVv‡iv- AvVv‡iv eQi eqm KweZv ; gvÎv- gvÎv e„Ë Q‡›` iwPZ|
GB 3wU KweZv gvÎve„Ë Q‡›` iwPZ|
‡deªæqvwi - †deªæqvwi 1969; wKse`wšÍ Ñ Avwg wKse`wšÍi K_v ejwQ;
b~ij`xb- b~ij`x‡bi K_v g‡b c‡o hvq; GB 3wU KweZv M`¨Q‡›`
iwPZ|
evwK 6 wU KweZv Aÿie„Ë Q‡›` iwPZ|
wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`; HKZvb; GB c„w_ex‡Z GK ¯’vb Av‡Q; Zvnv‡iB
c‡o g‡b; †mB A¯¿; †jvK-‡jvKvšÍi|
cÖ¯‘ZKviK-
†gvt Avkivdzj Avjg (bwKe) m¨vi