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om
• An atom contains a centrally
located nucleus.
.c
• The nucleus contains positively
es
charged protons and neutral
neutrons.[Protons + neutrons=
rc
nucleon number or mass number]
u
• The electrons revolve around the
atomic number.
ar
------------------------------------------------------
m
PROTON p 1 +1
w
NEUTRON n 1 No charge
ELECTRON e 0.00054 -1
w
-----------------------------------------------------
w
om
protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
.c
es
u rc
so
re
m
xa
te
ar
m
.s
w
w
w
om
Atom E.C. Type of ions Reason for no ion
formed formation
.c
Hydrogen 1 H+ , H-
es
Helium- 2 Ni ion It has a completely
rc
Group-8 formation filled outer shell
u
Lithium 2,1 Li+
Group-1
Group-6
w
Fluorine 2,7 F-
Group-7
w
om
Atom E.C. Type of ions Reason for no ion
formed formation
.c
Sodium 1,8,1 Na+
Group-1
es
Magnesium 2,8,2 Mg2+
rc
Group-2
Aluminium 2,8,3 Al3+
u
Group-3
Silicon 2,8,4 No ionso It has a tendency
re
Group-4 formation to share electrons
m
Group-6
Chlorine 2,8,7 Cl-
ar
Group-7
m
Potassium 2,8,8,1 K+
Group-1
w
Group-2
om
Atom E.C. Type of ions Reason for no ion
formed formation
.c
Group-8 formation filled outer shell
es
Neon 2,8 No ion It has a completely
Group-8 formation filled outer shell
rc
Argon 28,8 No ion It has a completely
u
Group-8 formation filled outer shell
so
re
m
xa
te
ar
m
.s
w
w
w
om
Atom E.C. Type of ions Reason for no ion
formed formation
.c
Sodium 2,8,1 Na+
Group-1
es
Magnesium 2,8,2 Mg2+
rc
Group-2
Aluminium 2,8,3 Al3+
u
Group-3
Silicon 2,8,4 No ionso It has a tendency
re
Group-4 formation to share electrons
m
Group-6
Chlorine 2,8,7 Cl-
ar
Group-7
m
.s
w
w
w
om
Element Period Number of occupied electron shells
Lithium 2 2
.c
es
rc
Beryllium 2 2
u
so
re
m
Boron 2 2
xa
te
ar
m
.s
w
w
w