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[Fe(C,O),
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type type type type type type
(Co(NH),Cl,]Br, Cr=
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complex complex complex (2020) (2020) (R) (R)
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SAI (2 marks)
5.5 Bonding in Coordination
Compounds
ChemistryCas
species cannot act as a
40. (a) Which of the following Valence Bond Theory
ligand? Give reason.
OH, NH, CH,NH, H,0 redin colour. MCQ
(b) The complex (Co(NH,)(NO,)]Cl, issr 53. The magnetic moment of [NiCI,12- is
Give lUPAC name of its linkage isomer. (a) 1.82 B.M. (b) 2.82 B.M.
(2023) (c) 4.42 B.M. (d) 546 B.M.
[Atomic number: Ni = 281
Stereoisomerism (2013
VSA (1 mark)
VSA (1 mark) Write the IUPAC name and
41. What type of isomerism is shown by
the complex
of
54.
complex, [CoF,l. hybridisation of te
|Cofen),CI,]'? Name the structure of an isomer (Given: Atomic number of Co = 27)
(1/2, 2020
this complex which is optically active. (1/2, 2020) An OR
complex
42. What type of isomerism is shown by the Write the hybridisation and number of untie
(NCERT Intext, 1/3, Delhi 2017) electrons in the complex (CoFJ. (Atomic no
[Colen) ]CI,?
OR Co = 27) (1/3, 2018
What type of isomerism is exhibited by the complex 55. Predict the number of unpaired electrons in h
[Co(en)]S*? (en =ethane-1,2-diamine) (1/3, Al 2014) square planar [Pt(CN)J ion. (201901
43. Draw one of the geometrical isomers of the complex 56. Write the hybridisation and magnetic character
[Pt(en),CI,]* which is optically active. [Co(C,O4),J-.
(1/3, Delhi 2016) (At. no. of Co = 27) (1/3, Delhi 2017
44, Draw one of the geometrical isomers of the complex 57. Why is [NiCI]' paramagnetic but [Ni(CO)
[Pt(en),Cl,]* which is optically inactive. (AI 2016) diamagnetic? (At. no.:Cr = 24, Co =27, Ni =28)
45. Draw the geometrical isomers of complex (NCERT Intext, 1/3, Al 2014
[Pt(NH),Ci,]. (1/3, Delhi2015) SA I (2 marks)
46. Write down the IUPAC name of the complex 58. (0) Write the IUPAC name of [Mn(H,0),50,
(Pt(en),ClLj2*, What type of isomerism is shown by (ii) Why is [Fe(CN) diamagnetic while [Fef,
this complex? (AI2015) paramagnetic? [At. No. Fe= 26] (20210
47. Draw the geometrical isomers of complex 59. Write IUPAC name and hybridization of t
[Ptlen),Ci,]*. (1/3, Foreign 2015) Crn following complexes:
SAI (2 marks) () [Ni(CO)]
(i) (CoF3 (20201
48. Write IUPAC name of the complex [Pt(en),CI,]. (Atomic number Ni = 28, Co = 27)
Draw structures of geometrical isomers for this
complex. 60. (a) Write the IUPAC name and hybridisaton
(2019)
49. Write IUPAC name of the complex complex [Fe(CN),1.
Draw structures of geometrical
[Cr(NH),CI,]".
isomers for this
(Given: Atomic number of Fe =26) ambident
(b)What isthe difference between an (20201
complex. (Delhi 2019) ligand and a chelating ligand ?
SAII (3 marks) 61. Out of [CoF j3 and [Colen),13+, which oneco
s0 Indicate the types of isomerism exhibited by the (i) paramagnetic (i) morestable
following complexes : (ii) inner orbitalcomplex and
() [Co(NH),(NO,)P (iv) high spin complex
(ii) (Cofen),]Cl, (en =ethylene diamine) (Atomic no. of Co =27)
(ii) [P(NH),CI,] (Delhi 2015C)U 62. Out of [CoF,]3 and (ColC,0J)
51. Write the IUPAC name complex is
of the
complex (0) diamagnetic
(Cr(NH),CI].
exhibit?
What type of isomerism does it (ii) more stable
(Delhi 2014) (ii) outer orbital complex and
s2 Draw the structures of optical isomers of (iv) low spin complex?
each of the
following complex ions: (Atomic no. of Co= 27) Write

[Cr(C,0J) [PACI,(en),". (Cr(NH),CI,en)' 63. For the complex (Fe(H,0),,andspind y

(Delhi 2014C) hybridization,
complex. magneticFe
(At. number
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26)
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73.
in case are The hybridisation 72 TL 70. 69. 8. 67. 65
LA (a ) SA27)Co
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18. 16. (c):15. bidentate
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one IUPAC to
Coordination
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in IUPAC [Co(en)
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28.[Co(NH),(0NO)]CI, Key[CrCi(H,O)]CI,H,0
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This en cis-Diamminedichlorido
en dextro CI CI
isomerism. ciZ...NH, of en en
dextro platinum(l1) CNH3 symmetry. CCo en
--
complex
eometrical is
optically trans
ion. Pt
CI CI of
Pt C en
en This is [Co(en),]CI,
optically the q3+ en

shows Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)
active.
en complex Co
en
complex Mirror enantiomeric
forms
two
isomers en CPt CI
Mirror C C CI
trans-Diamminedichlorido inactive en cis-form
exists in CI
geometrical [Pt(en),CI,]* shows
shows en
and (d
)
en 2+
are en C H,N...cI
platinum(l)
cis Pt ClkNH, due optical
cis-trans laevo CI
Pt laevo Co CI
geometrical to C
en' re73tn
the
is isomerism. Co en
isomers. and en presence optically
optical 127
and
 Tetraanninedichloridochromium(!1)
inedichlorido [Cr(NH),C,] ion 51. (ii) (ii) Tetraamminedichloridochromium(l1)
(Co(NH),(ONO)]* Geometrical
Geometrical io49.n Dichloridodiethylenediamine
platinum(1)
[Pt(en),Cl,]48. 128
50.
cis-Tetraamminedichlorido
omium(i)ion cis-Diamminedichlorido Geometrical Optical chromium(|lI)
() ion HN
H,NNH, HN en
platinum(1)
dextro en. en cis-form
Linkage
NH, isomerism: NH, CI CPt
C ...NH, Pt isomers isomers trans
shows CI CPt
er NH, CI
isomerism
zNHg 73+ isomerism
geometrical of of
Mirror (Co(en)JCl, [Cr(NH),CI,T; [Pt(en),CI,)
enPt en
trans-Diamminedichlorido
dichlorido [Pt(NH),CI,] : trans-Tetraamminedichlorido
HN : H,N
ium(iil)
ion isomerism. platinum(1) H,N? en
Co chromium(|||)ion
(Co(NH,),NO,]* HNStNH are Cis
Cl..
C Pt laevo CI trans-form
CI Len C C
CI
en, 73+
NH, NH3 NH3

and

No. hexafluoridocobaltate(||1). 54.H=Vnln+2) spin

Itcomplexhigh orbital
Ni2*ofsp° Since, 3d53. Key (Cr(NH),CI,(en)]" : (Cr(C,0):ox52. Cr
[CoF: Cot inOxidation -N2(2+2)
Co:1 Orbital 3OpticalPoints [PACI,(en),"en:
Pr
of The
is [INiCI]? hybridised outer
superimposed
(b):ln
sp° ClI
red hybridised
lUPAC is of
electronic
state
3d =V2x4= a Ni? [NiCI], isomers
weak
s ofname 1110ion1|11
1|1|1 on HN
Co high field dextro WtG
configuration.
3d one dextro CI
3d 4 Ni are dextro
[Crlos),|
ion 3d CI
of V8 spin ligand. 3d another.
is mirror
= in [CoF =2-82 11**** 11 in CBSE
4 4p
(CoF paramagnetic 11| +2
4s electrons from4Cl hybridisationsp° emistryehC
EChampion
Cas1)
Mirror
hybri s0x B.M. pairs
Four of oxidation images Mirror
] is Mirror
from paidisrsatsp'iodn
(lWigeakands) 4s
4p is
six of 4dt3. that en
c 4r state laevo C
electionroFns complex. cannot laevo (Crlo4,
laevo
C
and
has be
 diamagnetic. 3d-orbital CO Ground
state contains ligandswi4tChl P
P:
hybridised
ligand). ion Fel (Fe(CN) PointsO Key
) S8. INiCO)]:1|1|111|11x*x [Ni(CO),] has It Duter risa Groundstate electrons.
unpaired and it No.of
ion11 Fe complex e :1|111 is
two
INICI,1P xxxPCNI,J complex.
sfpriene CoCompounds
PoiKeynts rdination
aquamanganese(|1)
sulphate (0 orbital spinStrong a Ni(0) unpai
isThe red
strong dnd weak [[PXet](CXeN)) ,J2 outWefiaekledr
(Mn(H,0) paired making unpaired complex
diamagnetic
or field 4p-orbitals field contains 4f4f
high field 3d
ligands has 3d ligand electrons 5d 5d5dhas ligandsgive,or
ion:3d complex.
spin 4s-orbital 3d
3d°4s
Ni(0) - (Co(C,0)
]SOA ligand electrons 3d 6s0square
6s1
(underthfield
e all Ni* in
of
or are thus =
paired(strong hence, 4%ion
nature 0.
spinWeak give, ligand)
field hybridisation
donated
fourby sp 4s 4 planar
electrons
four vacant. 4
used no
(tetrahedral)
ligands
CO hence, electron with dsp
4s free inner ligand)
(weak
fieldhybridisation,sp 4s pairing
ligands
4Cl by
(tetrahedral) in
field electrons 4s-electronsconfiguration. duetohas structure. orbital
influence complex. orbital 4p
4p it hybridisation. 4p 3d
pairs
ligands is 4p dsp°-hybridisation
will configuration.
Ap paramagnetic. the or
donated
or occur. high
of hence, absence
give, low will
strong spin
spin shift Hence,
outer is
it
or to

hexafluoridocobaltate(ll ).(ii) CO
isa [Ni(CO),l
contains 59. H,highly As formation:
[FeF]ion ligand). Fe* [FeF
ion: Since,
electron, formation:
[Fe(CN)Iion
IUPAC
(Fe(CN),J
Fe 60.(a) Oxidation 111111xx [Ni(CO)]:3d-orbital Ground ion:N Fel"
[CoFl:
Co:[11||t|in
Co =5(5 the
is The :1|1|1 (1) ion
present Ni(O) paramagnetic
complex the
name: strong state hybridised so
state |UPAC making IUPAC +2) complex
3d 3d
it 3d
=V35 3d 3d is
as field ion diamagnetic. Six 3d
nidoferrate ofname name; Six
Fe 3d
4s-orbital empty
Co ligand Ni(0)
3d =5.9 contains ion pairs
in Six Six (under
3d 4s 4s 4s
in ion of nature.electrons 4s (d'sip)
onsCNof
- B.M. empty d'sp'
e(CN)J [CoF, Tetracarbonylnickel doeselectrons
in (strong
felddonated
fourby
hence, 3d4s
4p hybridisation
electronsfour 4s
sp vacant. 4p the hybrid
[CoF] (tetrahedral) 4s five sp°d 4p 4p 4
4
ligands CO pairs not
ligands)
(Weak
field
hybridisation sisp'
x d
is 4s-electrons
configuration. unpaired hybrid influence from orbitals
4p
frompairs 4p from contain
(I) 4 is ligand) 4p six
six of +3. six orbitals
4 4p
ion 4d 4d
electrons
F F 4d
(0) electrons, ions of any
ion
wil weak
(sp°d) unpaired
4d shift
it field
to is 129
 ground
state)(in 61. positioned
EDTA.
Tormed whichambidentate
and ISChelating ligands.
example Hybridisation
ligands
Forcalled (b')sp³. is Fe:[Ar]
3d As4s°3d 130
(iv) Since,
(ii) complexes
chelating (i) (0) get
sented as
:62. hybridisation Oxidation Ambidentate CN
Chelating(CoFJ contain paired
complexes
orbital StrongConcept
Formation complex. (G(Colen),]*
Applied[CoFJ containing is
[Colen)]
H,-GH,CH,-NH, with inligands a
ligand, than such two NO,; up.
strong
field is is is state
and a 3d
metalion.
d'sp it paramagnetic
ligands 3d 3d a more
it ligands:
of ligand high isunidentate way or : can 3d
weak is
contains of Bidentate fheld
(CoF4l anmore hybridization)
(dsp°
donated six more
spin
hybridisation. Co that donate than
inner form electron
pairs 4s
fieldforms 4s
ligands)
(Weak
field x 45ion
H,C-NCH,COO examplefor ligand,
complex. stable by hybridisation sisp°d² donor
a oneThese 4s
electrons
from pairs of in H,C-N five
en or in three 4p through
or d'sp?
4p
[CoF1 coordinating
and ligands low orbital thanwhich morenature. 4p six atoms
or 4phence,
non-chelating en CH,COO polydentate are
[Co(C,O), from spin, F CH,CO0 six
[CoF,1 stable ion CH,CO0ethylenediamine -N the
complex is is membered and
4d or electrons
highinner
a 4d +3.
4d these -Ounidentate
atoms
spin bidentatecyclic/ring ligands both.
can outerorbital as ligands. ring are are in
be its
ground
state) Structure unpaired
:electrons.
five(highx
The x x electron.
unpaired
Fe
[Fe(H,0),]*: is (i ) ()
63. any (iv)sp°d (CoF(ii)ligand
configuration.
(In Paramagnetic
Nature
(i ): - t64. x [Fe(H,0) Fetion Ground
atom (Co(C,0),°: [1LNDN(CoF,J :
CoF,]: [Co(C,0),
[Co(C,O) [Co(C,O4),
In 11t|1 Cot : (i) complex
spin) hybridization and
|1|| N
[Ni(CN), :111t state (Z
- Oxidation = forms
Outer and 26)
|kxkx**xx ion :1|ttt3d
3d is orbital
outer
chelate 3d
3d 3d
paramagnetic has is is 3d MetG
orbital 3d using
is diamagnetic
state 3d low more
outer hybridization)(dsp° electron
Ni FIF 4 pairssix xxxx 4s
octahedral 4s of spin the rings. donatedby
en CBSE
is F x 4s stable hybridization)
(sp°d²
donated
electron
pairs
six
4s ligands)
(Weakfhelhybridisation
d s0sp°d 4s
from
pairs
Co orbital 4s 40
outer
present (weak
from sixsp°d
fieldhybridisation 4p
complexcomplex
as Champion
4p 4pion due ligand) pairs D x****x ** 4p
3 six of six as all by
4p inoctahedral 4p 4d-orbital. 4p
complex F
electrons to 4p electrons F
ion [CoF H,0 of due C,0
as the electrons as ions Chemistry
ligands
Ni(l) 4d 4d
to it is
presence absenceundergoes 4d
is geometry 4 chelating aare 4d
with t3. Daired Class
o of t9
ure-Octahedral
arnagnetic
IUPACNature State diamagnetic
nature. inIne IUPACNature - Structure ground
state)(In
Hybridisation
- d'sp - (Co(NH),*ion :Ground 67. OPAC :|1|1|1
INiCN)Pconfiguration. 66.3Fisa Paramagnetic
PointKsey diamagnet
Oxidation
6nature. The
5. complex
eic in
[11111 Oxidation
Co : complex 1|1L11
N:1 In NICN),CoorJCompounds
2 dination
name: Name
name: Ni(CN),]: -Outer
spin)
(low weak
Tetracyanidonickelate(|1) ion Hexafluoridocobaltate(I) : ns
of 3d field 3d state+3. of iohais
alt(|11) 3d
cobalt
3d has orbital
ligands. of
Ni F square
planar(Strong
ligand) electrons
pairs
four
square(Strong
ligand) pairs
feld electrons
four dsp² Co hybridisation
fielddonated
four by dsp²
in donated
fourby is octahedral x 4 4s
4s (Weak
hybridisation
sisp°d' ion
(Strong
ligand)
[Co(NH))* hybridisation present sixF
fromionpairs ionsCN
hybridisation
fieldfrom sid'x sp° ionsCN F in
pairs planar 4p 4p
six ligands)
field of [CoFl
4p
NH, of 4p as complex electrons
ion electrons geometry
and
H,NxNH, ligand ion
isgeometry Ni(ll) ion is
4d
,NNH, +3. 4d
NH,
with
and
34 3d
s
ground
state)(In colourless.
complexThe Ground
state colour.
absorbing
spectrum) In(b) configuration.
giving 2g 68.
t,e present
ridocobalt(||)
chloride
omplexes Paramagnetic
[Co(NH,),CI]CI
Pentaamminechloridocobalt(||1) chloride - Structure 11111|1x**
69. [Ni(CO),]: 3d-orbital CO[Ni(CO),]
making complementary
Ni(0):
(ii) (ii) Hin 3a,T [FeF1
Feh;Oxidation 70.(1) Nature
(b) [CoF:1xk xx is [Ni(H,O)], and
(a)
Chelating (a) a [Ni(H,0),1*
[1t Co
: strong dorbitals)
(degenerate d
e,for
Vnln Oxidation wil On
state - contains from low d
than Outer be
+2) field orbit the
3d-orbitals has
of 3d 3
energy d-d more basis
ligands B.M, 4s-orbital 3 visible
Ni(0) is
identate Fe orbital state
vacant.ligand
a with
all
= transitions high and
- +3 paired radiation
region A, of
octahedral 4s hence, spin
form 5(5+2) six 4 of 3d°4s thus CFT,
ligands)
(Weak
feld
hybridisation
sp°d² fourby sp' 4s >
electrons
four P,
Co (strongdenoted
from
sixFion pairs (tetrahedral)
ligands
CO
hybridisation complex
or 4p ion
4pelectrons 4s-electrons the the if
more BM of
configuration.showing are
helating electrons in ligand) 4p (red energystrong
electron
complex [CoF,]3
stable taking (A,
5.91 - component
green
4d hence, it
is smal). gap field
4d will will
B.M. is place
cyclic/ring +3. shift as
between
pair ligand
ligands. the
to of on up 131
is
 chelation.
Diamminechloridonitrito-N-platinum(l1) CO
3d-orbital Ground state chelating 132
unpaired
(i) four (high The B1|1|1O Points
Key (Co(NH,)l (en) (c) (b) The
to that :111|1|11u*x*x [Ni(CO)) 71. Since,
1|1k
[Ni(CN),configuration.
J : electrons. Fe?'ion :Ground
state(Z=26)
:atom Fe72. that complex is Ni(0)
Incomplex
spin) Chelating
ethylenediamine)(en =
() results
(Co(en)]* a (a)
Ni:(1|1|1|1
[Ni(CN)J: NH, form
strong [Co(en)
[FelH,0) making [Ni(CO),ligand,
and in has
ion ligands chelation. a
NH2 complex. field
3d is 1t113 five is all 3d 3d it]3+
paramagnetic has 3d ]:
NHN,H, apaired
NH,
4s-orbital
ligand contains is
contains
outer 3d form - more
Ni membered
So, complex
(Strong
ligand) four dsp
fielddonatedfourby i 4 While (strong
ligand)
electrons fhieldonated
fourby
d electrons
four
hybridisation sp hence,
4s more [Co(en) (tetrahedral) 4s stable
electrons
ions
CNpairs present orbital 4s
ligandsCO vacant. Ni4(O)
hybridisation six 4s en
ligand)
(weak
hybridisation
field from sp°d' 4p stable no
having
due pairs 4s-electrons
4p than
40 six ]$* such ring hence, 4p
-3d4s which
octahedral 4p NH3H,N
as to H,O of 4pcomplexes. isaround [CoF,:
electrons NH, Co ring
more bidentate
Ni() the ligands it is
NH, is configuration.
presence isdiamagnetic. wil a
stable
formed Co
with geometry 4d bidentate
metalligand
shift
3d8 due t0
of in

ficiently
splitting (b(Ni(CN)J
not electrons), presence
) paramagnetic hence,
of present complex
complementary
in colourless. present colour.
is Spectrum)
In [NIH,0),1* onIncoordination
[Ni(CN)J Consequently
()
75.Sufhciently
76. entities. spinlarge the For up’
reversed electrons 3d-orbital
place.
takes CN (2) (ii) diamagnetic
(i ) 7nature.
3. in The
nsequently.
smaller.
d-orbital two CI77. because 74. has It chloridocobalt(l|
conf1guration. (i) chloride.
I)secondary
Ni-atom
[Ni(CN)J [Ni(H,0)]
absorbing is
In in(a) configurations tetrahedralforms (a):If all
excited
stateIn
In IUPAC (1)
with
4CN
en(0) complexion
the ground
state)
a (In
[Ni(CN)J,
tetrahedral in there and paired ligands strong isIts
energies
splitting hence, , ofcomplex Due from
spread A,
high
Fe,[Fe(CN),valency
d formulaa
3d-orbitals
no is is
(as strong low a name
unpaired to complex,is related spin electrons, < bidentate
complex,
taking placleow
for crystal out P 1|1|11 Ni feld
strong
it nature, [NiCI ligand, the ie. hence.
no visible
radiation
energY
is (i.e., is
are isthe orbit is field electrons are (red spin a are orbital complex. ligand.
wil has
of WbG6.
coordination
diamagnetic electron high forcing to among Ni is be
of unpaired
presence field, A [Co(NH),CI]CI,
30 is
is
Iron ligand. square
electron d-d region square d-d rarely A, hence OR CBSE
field ligand Ni-atom On spin Hence present [Pt(NH),CI,].
the splitting 4 as small,
all ions.
4CN by dsp²4 (|II)
pairing electron
transitions transitions
the 3d
45
Champion Ch
E
ligand i.e., of showing planar complex tetrahearain
smal(Al, observed d-orbitals it
hybridisation hexacyanidoferrate(il). FHence planar
is other weak is pairing
in order diamagnetic. 4s
weak and pairs as
nature.
entity present unpaired CN complex. energies ingeometry
do field Ni()
large Causes hand,
in this field are therefore,loW pairing donated of [Colen), Chemistry
Cla12
s
inthe green not ofbefore 4p 4p pentaammine
formation, of splitting electrons with
due take component are ligand)
to pai3d-rinogrbitas and
force the complex Comtopthelex place as whie not
is in 38 its is
gnetic
lature.
(i) inTheiohans ground
state)(In
configuration. diamagnetic.
() 79. The
1|14|1|1|1|xxxxx
[Ni(CO)]3d-orbital
: CO
Ground
state (i) and
1 in ()
is Ni(0) : form
a
irinCompounds
Ligands one ofobs7e8.()rved.paCoor gandination
on complexINiICN),P:D|Ni?*:1|11 complex strong Ni(CO)]
[Ni(CN)]-: When making high for the For
which e,therefore, |
1L1|1t|1field d4
3d A, has 3d
contains spin orbitals ion,
< 4s-orbitalligand A,
P, all compl3dexes. < if
four
pairs Ni t paired
Ni(0) Pare giving A, low
square (Strong
ligand)
fheld electrons
hybridisation
donated
fourby dsp is e (strong
ligand) hybridisationsp hence, <
45
4p fielddonated
fourby
electrons
four 4s P, spin
present (tetrahedral)
ligandsCo vacant. 4s -known
ionsCN the the
planar electrons 4s-electrons 3d°452 configurations
4p fourth
4p as
configuration
as
configuration. weak
geometry Ni(ll) electron
hence, field
wil
with are
shift ligands teenters rarely
and it
3d° to
is is