Welcome

ESL 855

Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation

Lecture 3

Instructor: Dr. Subhendu Dutta

(sd@dese.iitd.ac.in)
Components of Photovoltaic Power Generation

Types of PV systems

Standalone PV system Grid connected PV system

❑ Without ❑ Directly
storage
❑ Via household
❑ With storage
❑ With storage
❑ Hybrid
systems
Stand-alone DC system Calculator Toys

Direct to battery and load

DC loads
DC-DC
converter

PV
cell/module/
array Fan Light
Stand-alone AC system
Tube Light

DC-AC
converter
AC loads
or inverter

PV
cell/module/
array Fan
Stand-alone DC system with storage

DC-DC
converter
or charge
controller

PV Battery
cell/module/
array DC loads
Stand-alone AC-DC system with storage

DC-DC
converter Battery
or charge
controller
DC-AC
converter
or inverter
PV
cell/module/
array
DC loads AC loads
Stand-alone hybrid system
DC loads

DC-DC
converter
or charge
controller
Battery
PV DC-AC
cell/module converter
/array or inverter
AC-DC
Rectifier

Diesel
generator
AC loads
Stand-alone hybrid system
DC loads

DC-DC
converter
or charge
controller
Battery
PV DC-AC
cell/module converter
/array or inverter
AC-DC
Rectifier

Wind
turbine
AC loads
Grid connected system

DC-AC
converter
or inverter

PV
AC grid
module/array
Grid connected system via household

DB
DC-AC
converter
or inverter
AC grid

PV
module/array AC loads
Grid connected system with storage

DC-DC DC-AC
DB
converter converter
or charge or inverter
controller

AC grid
PV
module/ AC loads
array

Battery
Components in a Standalone PV system

DC
loads
DC-DC DC-AC
converter converter
AC
or charge or inverter loads
controller

PV
module/ Balance Output
array of System
(BoS)
Battery
Components in a Grid connected PV system

DC-AC
DB
converter
or inverter

AC grid
AC loads

PV
module/
Balance of System
array Output
(BoS)
Components

DC-DC DC loads
DC-AC
converter
converter AC loads
or charge
or inverter
controller
Cable

PV
module/
array
Mounting ACDB,
Battery
structure AC grid
DCDB

Diode Balance of System (BoS)

Output
Mono crystalline PV cell and modules
Solar PV cell

I A

Id
Current (A)

Power flow

External
VAK
circuit

Voltage (V)

V
K

IV characteristic of diode considering Diode acting as a sink

I and VAK as positive direction
Solar PV cell

I A

Id Power flow

External
VAK
circuit

V
K
Solar PV cell: Ideal PV cell acting as a current source
Diode acting as a sink

Ip I A
Ip: Photo current

▪ Higher is the
solar Ip
insolation, Id
higher is Ip. Power flow
External
▪ Higher will be I VAK
circuit
and power
delivered to
the external
circuit.

Combination acting as a source

IV characteristic of a PV cell

Current (A)

Voltage (V)

IV characteristic: flipped I axis

 IV characteristic of a PV Module
Drop in current or slope in current
axis due to parallel resistance Rs I A

(I)
Rp VAK

Is

Practical model of a solar cell K

A
I

(VAK) Schematic
VAK symbol to
Drop in voltage or slope in voltage represent a solar
axis due to series resistance cell/module/array
IV characteristic of practical circuit

K
Expression for terminal current, I
Rs I A

Id Ip
Rp VAK

Is

Practical model of a solar cell K

Expression for terminal current, I Rs I A

Id Ip
Rp VAK

Is

Practical model of a solar cell K

Typical values of Rp and Rs
Rs I A

Rp > 100 Voc / Isc

Rp VAK

Rs < 0.01 Voc / Isc Is

Practical model of a solar cell K

Different parameters of a solar
cell/module Isc

(I) Impp

➢ Voc: Open circuit voltage

➢ Isc: Short circuit current

Vmpp Voc
➢ Impp: Maximum power point current
(VAK)
➢ Vmpp: Maximum power point voltage
Pmpp
➢ Pmpp: Maximum power

Vmpp
Source: Datasheet of JAKSON Polly-crystalline module
Source: Datasheet of JAKSON Polly-crystalline module
Thank you