?

What is dental amalgam

A) An alloy of gold and silver

B) An alloy of mercury and copper

C) An alloy of liquid mercury and solid particles of silver, tin, copper, and other elements

D) An alloy of nickel and chromium

Answer: C

?For how long has dental amalgam been used as a restoration material for tooth decay

A) Less than a decade

B) About 25 years

C) About a century

D) More than a century

Answer: D

?What are the advantages of dental amalgam

A) Expensive and easy to insert

B) Sensitive technique and perfect match with tooth structure

C) Maintain anatomical form and adequate resistance to fracture

D) Quick procedure and high biocompatibility

Answer: C

?What are the disadvantages of dental amalgam

A) Perfect match with tooth structure and high biocompatibility

B) Subject to corrosion and galvanic action

C) Help retain weakened tooth structure and low cost

D) Long service life and low toxicity

Answer: B

?What elements are present in the amalgam alloy

 A) Only silver and tin

B) Only copper and zinc

C) Only gold and palladium

D) Silver, tin, copper, zinc, and trace elements like indium and selenium

Answer: D

?What is dental amalgam

a) An alloy of gold used in dentistry

b) A mixture of liquid mercury and solid particles of silver, tin, copper, and other metals used for
dental restorations

c) A type of ceramic material used for dental crowns

d) A type of resin-based composite used for dental fillings

Answer: b) A mixture of liquid mercury and solid particles of silver, tin, copper, and other metals used
for dental restorations

?Which of the following is not an advantage of dental amalgam

a) Reasonably easy to insert

b) Relatively long service life

c) High biocompatibility with the oral tissues

d) Low cost

Answer: c) High biocompatibility with the oral tissues

?Which of the following is a disadvantage of dental amalgam

a) Can be used in stress-bearing areas

b) Does not help retain weakened tooth structure

c) High aesthetic appeal

d) Relatively high resistance to corrosion

Answer: b) Does not help retain weakened tooth structure

?What is the composition of dental amalgam

a) Silver, gold, and copper

 b) Silver, tin, and copper

c) Silver, tin, and zinc

d) Silver, tin, and palladium

Answer: b) Silver, tin, and copper (with lesser amounts of zinc and other trace elements

? What is the main advantage of using dental amalgam as a restoration material )

a. Aesthetic appearance

b. Low cost

c. Ease of use

d. Superior strength

?What are the primary constituents of dental amalgam

a. Mercury and copper

b. Silver and tin

c. Zinc and palladium

d. Iron and platinum

?What is the role of copper in dental amalgam

a. Whitens the alloy

b. Controls the reaction between silver and mercury

c. Increases strength and hardness

d. Acts as a scavenger or deoxidizer

?What is the disadvantage of using dental amalgam as a restoration material

a. Low durability

b. Weakness in stress-bearing areas

c. Poor resistance to corrosion

d. Silver color does not match tooth structure

?What is the primary function of zinc in dental amalgam

 a. Increases strength and hardness

b. Controls the reaction between silver and mercury

c. Acts as a scavenger or deoxidizer

d. Improves resistance to tarnish and corrosion

?What is the effect of tin on the setting expansion of dental amalgam

a. Decreases expansion

b. Has no effect on expansion

c. Increases expansion

d. Causes delayed expansion

?What is the primary role of mercury in dental amalgam

a. Increases strength and hardness

b. Whitens the alloy

c. Controls the reaction between silver and tin

d. Initiates the setting reaction

?What is the function of palladium in dental amalgam

a. Increases strength and hardness

b. Improves resistance to tarnish and corrosion

c. Controls the setting reaction

d. Acts as a scavenger or deoxidizer

?Which of the following is a disadvantage of dental amalgam

a. Low durability

b. Poor resistance to corrosion

c. Inability to be used in stress-bearing areas

d. High cost
 ?Which of the following is an advantage of dental amalgam

a. Aesthetic appearance

b. Low cost

c. Ease of use

.d. Superior resistance to marginal breakdown

answers

b. Low cost

b. Silver and tin

c. Increases strength and hardness

d. Silver color does not match tooth structure

c. Acts as a scavenger or deoxidizer

c. Increases expansion

d. Initiates the setting reaction

b. Improves resistance to tarnish and corrosion

a. Low durability

b. Low cost

?What is the most popular classification of amalgam alloys based on

a. Zinc content

b. Copper content

c. Shape of the alloy particle

d. Number of alloyed metals

?Which type of amalgam alloy contains more than 0.01% zinc

a. Zinc-free alloys

b. High copper alloys

c. Low copper alloys

d. Zinc-containing alloys
 ?Which type of amalgam alloy contains less than 0.01% zinc

a. Zinc-free alloys

b. High copper alloys

c. Low copper alloys

d. Zinc-containing alloys

?Which type of amalgam alloy has a mixture of lathe-cut and spherical particles

a. Binary alloys

b. Ternary alloys

c. Quaternary alloys

d. None of the above

?Which type of amalgam alloy has irregular (lathe-cut) or spherical-shaped particles

a. Zinc-containing alloys

b. Low copper alloys

c. High copper alloys

d. None of the above

?Which type of amalgam alloy contains only two metals, such as silver and tin

a. Binary alloys

b. Ternary alloys

c. Quaternary alloys

d. None of the above

?Which type of amalgam alloy contains four metals, such as silver, tin, copper, and indium

a. Binary alloys

b. Ternary alloys

c. Quaternary alloys
 d. None of the above

answers

b. Copper content

d. Zinc-containing alloys

a. Zinc-free alloys

d. None of the above

d. None of the above

a. Binary alloys

c. Quaternary alloys

What are the primary constituents formed during the setting reaction of low copper dental amalgam
?alloys

a. Silver-mercury and tin-mercury compounds

b. Copper-mercury and tin-copper compounds

c. Silver-tin compounds only

d. Copper-tin compounds only

?Which phase of the low copper dental amalgam alloy is the strongest

a. γ phase

b. γ1 phase

c. γ2 phase

d. None of the above

?Which phase of the low copper dental amalgam alloy is the main constituent of set amalgam

a. γ phase

b. γ1 phase

c. γ2 phase

d. None of the above

Which phase of the low copper dental amalgam alloy is the weakest and can cause tarnish and
?corrosion
 a. γ phase

b. γ1 phase

c. γ2 phase

d. None of the above

During the setting reaction of low copper dental amalgam alloys, what happens when mercury is
?mixed with alloy powder

.a. Mercury diffuses into the alloy particles and starts reacting with the copper present in it

.b. Mercury diffuses into the alloy particles and starts reacting with the zinc present in it

.c. Mercury diffuses into the alloy particles and starts reacting with the silver and tin present in it

d. Mercury diffuses into the alloy particles and starts reacting with the palladium present in it

: Answers.

a. Silver-mercury and tin-mercury compounds

a. γ phase

b. γ1 phase

c. γ2 phase

c. Mercury diffuses into the alloy particles and starts reacting with the silver and tin present in it

? What are some advantages of using high copper dental amalgam alloys .

a. Improved mechanical properties

b. Resistance to corrosion

c. Better marginal integrity

d. All of the above

?What is an admixed alloy powder in high copper dental amalgam alloys

a. An alloy powder made of only silver-tin

b. An alloy powder made of only silver-copper

c. An alloy powder made by mixing silver-copper eutectic alloy with silver-tin alloy

d. An alloy powder made by mixing silver-zinc eutectic alloy with silver-copper alloy
 What is the ratio of silver-copper eutectic alloy to silver-tin alloy in admixed high copper dental
?amalgam alloys

a. 1:1

b. 1:2

c. 2:1

d. 3:1

?Why are admixed high copper dental amalgam alloys preferred over low copper alloys

a. They have a stronger γ1 phase

b. They have better mechanical properties

c. They have better marginal integrity

d. All of the above

:Answers

d. All of the above (improved mechanical properties, resistance to corrosion, and better marginal
)integrity

c. An alloy powder made by mixing silver-copper eutectic alloy with silver-tin alloy

)b. 1:2 (one part silver-copper eutectic alloy to two parts silver-tin alloy

d. All of the above (they have a stronger γ1 phase, better mechanical properties, and better marginal
integrity

? Why is dimensional change important in set dental amalgam)

a. It affects the color of the restoration

b. It can cause post-placement sensitivity

c. It affects the setting time of the amalgam

d. It determines the strength of the restoration

?Which of the following is a potential consequence of expansion in freshly mixed dental amalgam

a. Recurrent decay

b. Protrusion from the cavity

c. Both A and B
 d. None of the above

?Why is contraction in freshly mixed dental amalgam a concern

a. It can cause post-placement sensitivity

b. It can lead to gaps between the restoration and the tooth

c. It can change the color of the restoration

d. It can cause the amalgam to set too quickly

?How much do most dental amalgams expand or contract during setting

a. A lot

b. Only slightly

c. It depends on the type of amalgam

d. It is unpredictable

?Which of the following is not a potential consequence of dimensional change in set dental amalgam

a. Recurrent decay

b. Protrusion from the cavity

c. Tooth discoloration

d. Post-placement sensitivity

answers

?Which of the following factors favors contraction in set dental amalgam

a. High mercury/alloy ratio

b. Lower condensation pressure

c. Larger particle size

 d. Shorter triturating times

?Why do modern dental amalgams show a net contraction during setting

a. They contain larger alloy particles

b. They are mixed at higher mercury/alloy ratios

c. They are mixed with hand triturating

d. They are mixed with high-speed amalgamators

Which of the following is not a reason for the difference in dimensional change between modern and
?older dental amalgams

a. Size of the alloy particles

b. Mercury/alloy ratio

c. Triturating time

d. Type of amalgamator used

?Why does a low mercury/alloy ratio favor contraction in set dental amalgam

a. It reduces the amount of mercury available to react with the alloy particles

b. It increases the amount of mercury available to react with the alloy particles

c. It increases the size of the alloy particles

d. It reduces the setting time of the amalgam

?What effect does longer triturating time have on set dental amalgam

a. It accelerates the setting of the amalgam

b. It slows down the setting of the amalgam

c. It has no effect on the setting of the amalgam

.d. It increases the amount of mercury available to react with the alloy particles

Answers

a. High mercury/alloy ratio

b. Lower condensation pressure

c. They are mixed with high-speed amalgamators

 a. It reduces the amount of mercury available to react with the alloy particles

.d. It increases the amount of mercury available to react with the alloy particles

?What is the main strength of hardened dental amalgam

a. High tensile strength

b. High bending strength

c. Good compressive strength

d. None of the above

?Which of the following factors affects the strength of dental amalgam

a. Mercury content

b. Cavity design

c. Rate of hardening

d. All of the above

How does a higher condensation pressure affect the compressive strength of lathe cut and admixed
?dental amalgams

a. It reduces the compressive strength

b. It has no effect on the compressive strength

c. It increases the compressive strength

d. It increases the tensile strength

What is the recommended time for a patient to avoid biting too hard after placement of dental
?amalgam

a. 1 hour

b. 4 hours

c. 8 hours

d. 12 hours

?Which of the following is a cause of porosity in set dental amalgam

a. Regularly shaped particles of alloy powder

 b. Inadequate condensation pressure

c. High Hg/alloy ratio

d. Large increments of amalgam insertion

?How does cavity design affect the strength of dental amalgam

a. It has no effect on the strength

b. It increases the tensile strength

c. It reduces the compressive strength

d. It reduces tensile stresses and increases the bulk strength

answers

c. Good compressive strength

d. All of the above

c. It increases the compressive strength

c. 8 hours

b. Inadequate condensation pressure

d. It reduces tensile stresses and increases the bulk strength

?What is the most common type of dental filling material

a. Dental amalgam

b. Composite resin

c. Glass ionomer

d. Porcelain

Answer: b. Composite resin

Which type of dental filling material is most commonly used for restoring teeth in the back of the
?mouth

a. Composite resin

b. Glass ionomer

c. Ceramic

d. Dental amalgam
 Answer: d. Dental amalgam

?Which of the following materials is NOT commonly used as a dental filling material

a. Zinc oxide eugenol

b. Gold

c. Mercury

d. Zinc phosphate cement

Answer: c. Mercury

?Which type of dental filling material is best suited for small fillings in low-stress areas

a. Dental amalgam

b. Composite resin

c. Glass ionomer

d. Ceramic

Answer: c. Glass ionomer

?Which of the following materials is NOT a disadvantage of dental amalgam

a. Aesthetics

b. Mercury content

c. Potential for expansion and contraction

d. Potential for corrosion

Answer: a. Aesthetics

?Which type of dental filling material is most commonly used for restoring front teeth

a. Dental amalgam

b. Composite resin

c. Glass ionomer

d. Ceramic

Answer: b. Composite resin

 ?Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the strength of dental amalgam

a. Mercury content

b. Cavity design

c. Rate of hardening

d. Surface texture

Answer: d. Surface texture

What is the recommended time for a patient to avoid eating or drinking after placement of a dental
?filling

a. 30 minutes

b. 1 hour

c. 2 hours

d. 4 hours

Answer: d. 4 hours

?Which type of dental filling material is best suited for patients with metal allergies

a. Dental amalgam

b. Composite resin

c. Glass ionomer

d. Ceramic

Answer: b. Composite resin

?What is the main advantage of using glass ionomer as a dental filling material

a. Aesthetics

b. Low cost

c. High strength

d. Ability to release fluoride

Answer: d. Ability to release fluoride

?What is the main factor affecting the clinical success of most amalgam restorations
 A) The quality of the amalgam material

B) The operator's technique and cavity design

C) The patient's oral hygiene habits

D) The type of tooth being restored

Answer: B

?What is the purpose of cavity varnishes in amalgam restorations

A) To increase the adhesion of the amalgam to the tooth structure

B) To prevent corrosion of the amalgam material

C) To reduce leakage around the filling

D) To improve the esthetics of the restoration

Answer: C

?Can amalgam restorations be bonded to tooth structure

A) Yes, amalgam can bond directly to tooth structure

B) No, amalgam does not adhere to tooth structure

C) Only with the use of a dentin bonding agent

D) Only if the cavity is prepared in a specific way

Answer: B

?How does the use of dentin bonding agents with amalgam restorations reduce microleakage

A) By promoting direct bonding between the amalgam and tooth structure

B) By creating a barrier to prevent leakage around the filling

C) By encouraging the formation of corrosion products at the interface between the tooth and filling

D) By improving the esthetics of the restoration

Answer: C

?What is the most accurate method of dispensing amalgam alloy and mercury

A) Dispensers by volume
 B) Tablets

C) Pre-proportioned capsules

D) Mixing by hand

Answer: B

?Why are dispensers by volume unreliable for proportioning amalgam alloy and mercury

A) They are affected by the size of the mixing bowl used

B) They are affected by the type of mechanical amalgamator used

C) They are affected by the particle size and degree of packing in the dispenser

D) They are affected by the type of amalgam capsule used

Answer: C

?What is the purpose of pre-proportioned capsules in amalgam dispensing

A) To make the dispensing process faster and more efficient

B) To improve the accuracy of the Hg-alloy ratio

C) To reduce the amount of waste generated during the dispensing process

D) To make the amalgam material more resistant to corrosion

Answer: B

?What is the range of Hg-alloy ratios used in different types of amalgam alloys

A) All alloys use a 1:1 Hg-alloy ratio

B) Ratios range from 43% to 54% Hg

C) Ratios range from 10% to 20% Hg

D) There is no standard range for Hg-alloy ratios

Answer: B

Which manipulation step of amalgam is responsible for compacting the material into the prepared
?cavity

A) Proportioning

B) Trituration
 C) Condensation

D) Carving

Answer: C

?What is the purpose of polishing an amalgam restoration

A) To improve the esthetics of the restoration

B) To reduce microleakage around the filling

C) To remove excess amalgam material

D) To create a smooth surface that resists tarnish and corrosion

Answer: D

?What is the most important factor in the clinical success of amalgam restorations

A) Material

B) Operator

C) Cavity design

D) Bonding agent

Answer: B) Operator

?What is the purpose of cavity varnishes when using amalgam as a filling material

A) To increase adhesion to the tooth structure

B) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

C) To improve the color match with the tooth

D) To prevent microleakage

Answer: B) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

?What is the purpose of using dentin bonding agents with amalgam

A) To increase adhesion to the tooth structure

B) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

C) To improve the color match with the tooth

D) To prevent microleakage
 Answer: D) To prevent microleakage

?What is the most accurate method of proportioning amalgam alloy and mercury

A) Dispensers by volume

B) Hand mixing by mortar and pestle

C) Pre-proportioned capsules

D) None of the above

Answer: C) Pre-proportioned capsules

?What is the advantage of using a mechanical amalgamator for triturating

A) Longer mixing time

B) Less standardized procedure

C) Requires more mercury compared to hand mixing

D) Shorter mixing time

Answer: D) Shorter mixing time

?What is the recommended method for achieving amalgams with longer or shorter working times

A) Altering the trituration time

B) Using amalgam alloys designed to react faster or slower

C) Both A and B

D) None of the above

Answer: B) Using amalgam alloys designed to react faster or slower

?What is the percentage of mercury in most amalgam alloys

A) 43% to 54%

B) 30% to 40%

C) 60% to 70%

D) 80% to 90%

Answer: A) 43% to 54%

?What type of amalgam alloy requires high-speed (high-energy) mixing

A) Spherical or irregular low-copper alloys

B) High-copper alloys

C) Lath-cut alloys

D) All of the above

Answer: B) High-copper alloys

?Which of the following is not a step in the manipulation of amalgam

A) Proportioning

B) Bonding

C) Trituration

D) Polishing

Answer: B) Bonding

?What is the purpose of mechanical triturating of amalgam

A) To increase adhesion to the tooth structure

B) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

C) To improve the color match with the tooth

D) To ensure proper mixing of the alloy and mercury

Answer: D) To ensure proper mixing of the alloy and mercury

?What is the primary cause of defective amalgam restorations

a) Faulty material

b) Incorrect cavity design

c) Improper alloy selection and manipulation

d) Poor trituration technique

Answer: c) Improper alloy selection and manipulation

?What is the purpose of cavity varnishes in amalgam restorations

 a) To bond amalgam to tooth structure

b) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

c) To increase the longevity of the filling

d) To provide an esthetic appearance

Answer: b) To reduce gross leakage around the filling

What is the most accurate method for dispensing alloy powder and mercury for amalgam
?restorations

a) Hand mixing

b) Mechanical mixing

c) Dispensers by volume

d) Pre-proportioned capsules

Answer: d) Pre-proportioned capsules

?Which type of amalgam alloy may be triturated at low speed

a) High copper alloy

b) Lath-cut alloy

c) Spherical alloy

d) Irregular low-copper alloy

Answer: c) Spherical alloy

?What are the advantages of mechanical triturating over hand mixing of amalgam

a) Shorter mixing time

b) More standardized procedure

c) Requires less mercury

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

?What are the mechanical properties of under-triturated amalgam

a) Low strength and poor resistance to corrosion

 b) High strength and good resistance to corrosion

c) Brittle and prone to fracture

d) Malleable and easy to shape

Answer: a) Low strength and poor resistance to corrosion

?Which type of amalgam mix appears soupy and tends to stick to the inside of the capsule

a) Under mixed

b) Normal mix

c) Over mixed

d) None of the above

Answer: c) Over mixed

?What is the main aim of condensation in amalgam restoration

a. To mix the alloy and mercury

b. To adapt the amalgam to cavity walls

c. To polish the surface of the restoration

d. To reduce microleakage around the filling

Answer: b. To adapt the amalgam to cavity walls

Which factor affects the amount of mercury that remains in the finished restoration after
?condensation

a. The type of alloy used

b. The trituration time

c. The temperature of the amalgam

d. The size of the cavity

Answer: a. The type of alloy used

?Which type of amalgam requires a higher percentage of mercury during condensation

a. Spherical alloys

b. Irregularly shaped alloys

c. High copper alloys

 d. Low copper alloys

Answer: b. Irregularly shaped alloys

What is the effect of increasing condensation pressure on the compressive strength of amalgam
?restoration

a. No effect

b. Decrease in strength

c. Slight increase in strength

d. Significant increase in strength

Answer: d. Significant increase in strength

?What are the two types of condensation methods

a. Hand condensation and machine condensation

b. Manual condensation and mechanical condensation

c. Wet condensation and dry condensation

d. Static condensation and dynamic condensation

Answer: b. Manual condensation and mechanical condensation

?What is the purpose of condensation in the process of amalgam restoration

.a. To carve the filling to reproduce the tooth anatomy

.b. To remove excess mercury

.c. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity wall

.d. To smoothen the surface and margins of the restoration

.Answer: c. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity wall

?Which type of alloy requires higher percentage of mercury during condensation

.a. Irregularly shaped alloys

.b. Spherical alloys

.c. Both require the same amount of mercury

.d. None of the above

.Answer: a. Irregularly shaped alloys

Which device is not recommended for condensing amalgam due to its potential to increase mercury
?vapor levels

.a. Ultrasonic condenser

.b. Mechanical condenser

.c. Circular condenser tip

.d. Large tip condenser

.Answer: a. Ultrasonic condenser

?When should the carving of the amalgam filling be started

.a. Immediately after condensation

.b. When the amalgam is hard enough to offer resistance to the cavity instrument

.c. Before condensation

.d. When the amalgam is still soft

.Answer: b. When the amalgam is hard enough to offer resistance to the cavity instrument

?What is the purpose of burnishing in the process of amalgam restoration

.a. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity wall

.b. To remove excess mercury

.c. To carve the filling to reproduce the tooth anatomy

.d. To smoothen the surface and margins of the restoration

Answer: d. To smoothen the surface and margins of the restoration

? Which of the following is not an aim of condensation in amalgam filling .

a. To adapt it to the cavity wall

b. To remove excess mercury

c. To reduce voids

d. To increase the amount of mercury in the finished restoration

Answer: d

?What type of condenser tip is suitable for irregularly shaped alloys during manual condensation
 a. Large tip condenser

b. Small tip condenser

c. Circular condenser

d. Ultrasonic condenser

Answer: b

?Which polishing method is used for amalgam restorations

a. Dry abrasive powder

b. Wet abrasive powder in paste form

c. Polishing discs

d. Air polishing

Answer: b

?At what point can polishing be performed after amalgam filling

a. Immediately after condensation

b. 6 hours after condensation

c. 12 hours after condensation

d. 24 hours after condensation

Answer: d

?What is the primary risk of mercury exposure for dentists and dental assistants

a. Skin contact

b. Ingestion

c. Inhalation

d. Eye contact

Answer: c

?Which of the following does amalgam not adhere to

a. Tooth structure
 b. Cavity varnish

c. Dentin bonding agents

d. All of the above

Answer: a

?What is the purpose of cavity varnish with amalgam filling

a. To increase microleakage

b. To reduce gross leakage

c. To bond amalgam to tooth structure

d. To increase the amount of mercury in the finished restoration

Answer: b

?What is the primary cause of a defective amalgam restoration

a. The material

b. The cavity design

c. The operator

d. The patient

Answer: c

?Which of the following is a new method to reduce microleakage with amalgam filling

a. Cavity varnish

b. Dentin bonding agents

c. Ultrasonic condensation

d. None of the above

Answer: b

?Is there clinical evidence to suggest that amalgam is causing illness in the general population

a. Yes

b. No
 Answer: b

?Which of the following is true regarding the proportioning of amalgam

.a. Dispensers by volume are the most accurate method of proportioning

.b. Proportioning is not important in amalgam manipulation

.c. Tablets are the most reliable method of proportioning

.d. Pre-proportioned capsules do not require the use of a mechanical amalgamator

.Answer: c. Tablets are the most reliable method of proportioning

?What is the purpose of trituration in the manipulation of amalgam

.a. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity wall

.b. To remove excess mercury

.c. To reduce voids

.d. To mix the alloy particles and mercury

.Answer: d. To mix the alloy particles and mercury

?Which of the following is true regarding condensation of amalgam

.a. Ultrasonic condensers are recommended for irregularly shaped alloys

.b. Increasing the condensation pressure weakens the alloy

.c. Mechanical condensers are not useful for irregularly shaped alloys

.d. Condensation controls the amount of mercury that remains in the finished restoration

.Answer: d. Condensation controls the amount of mercury that remains in the finished restoration

?When should carving of the amalgam filling be started

.a. Immediately after condensation

.b. Before condensation

.c. After the filling is completely hardened

 .d. When the filling offers resistance to the cavity instrument

.Answer: d. When the filling offers resistance to the cavity instrument

?What is the purpose of polishing in the manipulation of amalgam

.a. To increase corrosion of the restoration

.b. To promote adherence of plaque

.c. To minimize corrosion and prevent adherence of plaque

.d. To weaken the strength of the alloy

Answer: c. To minimize corrosion and prevent adherence of plaque

? What is the recommended minimum time to delay polishing after amalgam condensation .

A. 1 hour

B. 6 hours

C. 12 hours

D. 24 hours

Answer: D. 24 hours

?What is the primary route of exposure to mercury for dentists and dental assistants

A. Skin contact

B. Ingestion

C. Inhalation

D. Injection

Answer: C. Inhalation

?Which method of dispensing amalgam is the most accurate

A. Dispensers by volume

B. Tablets

C. Pre-proportioned capsules
 D. None of the above

Answer: B. Tablets

?What is the advantage of mechanical triturating over hand mixing technique

A. More consistent mix

B. Lower cost

C. Greater control

D. All of the above

Answer: D. All of the above

?What is the appearance of an over mixed amalgam

A. Dull and crumbly

B. Shiny and rounded

C. Soupy and sticks to the capsule

D. None of the above

Answer: C. Soupy and sticks to the capsule

?What is the purpose of condensation in amalgam restoration

a. To remove excess mercury

b. To increase the amount of mercury in the amalgam

c. To create voids in the restoration

d. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity walls

Answer: d. To adapt the amalgam to the cavity walls

?Which type of amalgam requires a higher percentage of mercury during condensation

a. Spherical alloys

b. Regularly shaped alloys

c. Both types require the same amount of mercury

d. None of the above

Answer: b. Irregularly shaped alloys

 ?What happens if more mercury is left in the amalgam mass after condensation

a. The alloy becomes stronger

b. The alloy becomes weaker

c. The alloy remains the same strength

d. None of the above

Answer: b. The alloy becomes weaker

What is the recommended type of condenser tip for irregularly shaped alloys during manual
?condensation

a. Large tip condenser

b. Circular condenser tip

)c. Small tip condenser (1 to 2 mm

d. Ultrasonic condenser

)Answer: c. Small tip condenser (1 to 2 mm

?Why are ultrasonic condensers not recommended during condensation of amalgam

a. They increase the amount of mercury in the amalgam

b. They reduce the compressive strength of the amalgam

c. They increase the amount of voids in the amalgam

d. They increase the level of mercury vapor during condensation

Answer: d. They increase the level of mercury vapor during condensation

?What is the purpose of carving in amalgam restoration

a) To adapt it to the cavity wall

b) To remove excess mercury

c) To reduce voids

d) To reproduce the tooth anatomy

Answer: d) To reproduce the tooth anatomy

 ?What is the purpose of burnishing in amalgam restoration

a) To adapt it to the cavity wall

b) To remove excess mercury

c) To reduce voids

d) To smoothen the surface and margins of the restoration

Answer: d) To smoothen the surface and margins of the restoration

?Why is polishing important in amalgam restoration

a) To remove excess mercury

b) To reduce voids

c) To prevent adherence of plaque

d) To improve the compressive strength of the amalgam

Answer: c) To prevent adherence of plaque

?What is the purpose of condensation in amalgam restoration

a. To remove excess mercury

b. To increase the amount of mercury in the restoration

c. To reduce the amount of mercury in the restoration

d. To adapt the amalgam mass to the cavity walls

e. Both a and d

Answer: d. To adapt the amalgam mass to the cavity walls

?Which type of amalgam requires a higher percentage of mercury during condensation

a. Irregularly shaped alloys

b. Spherical alloys

c. Both a and b require the same amount of mercury

d. None of the above

Answer: a. Irregularly shaped alloys

 ?What is the recommended waiting period before polishing an amalgam restoration

a. 1 hour

b. 6 hours

c. 12 hours

d. 24 hours

e. 48 hours

Answer: d. 24 hours

?What is the primary risk associated with mercury exposure during amalgam restoration procedures

a. Skin absorption

b. Ingestion

c. Inhalation

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

Answer: c. Inhalation

?What is the recommended method for storing excess mercury and amalgam waste

a. In an open container

b. In a plastic bag

c. In a well-sealed container

d. In a glass jar

e. In a metal container

Answer: c. In a well-sealed container

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