Levels of Bullying as Related to Personal and Family Characteristics of

Junior High School Students

By:
JENIEVY P. DAZA
December 2023
 Levels of Bullying as Related to Personal and Family Characteristics of
Junior High School Students
CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Background

Introduction
One of the most serious problems and violence happening among students nowadays is
the continuous attack of bullying. It happens in all places depending on the environment but
most of the cases happen in school. Many students today cannot control themselves in doing
negative behavior. They know that they can hurt others, they continue to do what they want
for some specific reason. They did not know their actions have tremendous effects in the life of
the victims. For many generations students used to tease and annoy their classmates such
behavior demonstration considered to be a normal growing procedure and a mean of
socialization both by the school community and the family environment.
Family is the primary institution of individuals socialization and also the institution which
shapes the personality and behavior of the underage members (Kataki 2016). It’s considered to
be the one having the longest influence in every aspect of life. Family characteristics can also
play a role in determining an individual's risk of being bullied. For example, children who come
from families with a history of violence, neglect, or abuse may be more likely to both
experience and perpetrate bullying behaviors. Additionally, children who lack parental
supervision or support may be more vulnerable to being bullied. Furthermore, family dynamics
and communication patterns can influence an individual's ability to cope with bullying, so a
supportive family environment can act as a protective factor.
Nevertheless, the ‘parenting style’ construct has recently acquired new dimensions and has
been described with greater precision, which enables us to attempt to outline the possible
contribution of parents and, in general, of the educational climate in the family to the risk of
getting involved in bullying.
The different levels of bullying can also have varying impacts on individuals and their
families. Some levels of bullying are physical and verbal bullying. Physical bullying is the most
obvious that cause a lot of damage to their victims physically, bullies use force and body
strength to overpower their victims. Most of this level occurs in and around the schools,
Physical bullying includes kicking, punching hitting and other physical attack on the other hand,
Verbal bullies intimidate and harm their victims’ using words. It occurs when some uses
language to gain power or his/her peers make use of relentless insults and teasing to bully
his/her peers. (Gonzaga 2017) pointed out that verbal abusers are not likely to apologize calling
names, spreading rumors, threatening somebody and making fun of others are all form of
verbal bullying. In verbal the main weapon the bully uses their voice even though verbal
bullying creates no physical damage this abuse can have lasting psychological impact on victims.
 William (2018) found out in his study that the themes were identified including reasons
students bully and are bullied such as weight size clothing being perceived as different sexual
preferences and placement in special education. De lara et al (2017) stated that bullying
negatively affects both the child being victimized and the child who is bully. There are always
short-term effects and if the bullying is severe enough there can be also long-term effects.
Smokowski and kopash (2015) stated that victims may suffer from low self-esteem loneliness
depression, anxiety absenteeism and academic difficulties.
Espero Et Al (2014) stated in his study that bullying is an impediment to education.
Many students who have been victims of bullying decided to drop from school. Even those who
just witnesses bullying are more probable to skip school. Victims are more likely to lose focus
and to perform poorly in their academics and it may affect to the relationship to the family.
Having been the identified the causes and effects of bullying by the former researchers
this dilemma must come to an end. There are many ways or things to do to stop bullying, many
programs help to address the same protective and risk factors that bullying programs to do. The
best way to address bullying is to stop it before it starts, hence the researcher undertook to
conduct this study in the levels of bullying as related to personal and family characteristics of
Junior High School Students and propose anti bullying action plan for the protection of the
students and to make the other people realize that too much bullied can cause an effect to the
students.

Background of the study

As previously stated, bullying happens mostly in school and the role of the school to
prevent it is very crucial. The schools have partners in educating and molding the youth to be a
responsible person, first and foremost are the parents, and then we have the community and
other stakeholders and the environment where the students belong. They must form a team in
order to have a clear guideline such as policies cooperatively planned and prepared by the
team. Schools cannot handle it single-handedly it is always with the participation and support of
the team and it does not start from the school. The home is the first place where these
students learn how to adapt themselves outside so what we need are responsible parents,
responsible peers’ community and school.
It is very easy to say that, parents ,school staff and other adults in the community can
help the students prevent bullying by taking about it , building a safe school environment and
creating a community wide bullying prevention strategy .There are so many prevention tips,
suggested solutions ,school wide rules such as posted students duties and responsibilities laws
enacted for such purpose guidelines and policies by the local government and by the
Department of Education yet the problem on bullying is getting worst.
One effective means to bust or arrest bullying in the Philippines is the Act known as
(Anti-bullying Policy Act) the bill seeks to mandate and compel the school to create policy to
address the existence of bullying in their respective institutions’ act is further improved to
republic act no.10627 also known as the ‘’Anti Bullying Act of 2013’’All elementary and
secondary schools are hereby directed to adopt policies to address the existence of bullying in
their respective institutions. School shall provide students and their parents or guardians a copy
of the Anti-bullying policies being adopted by the school. Such policies shall likewise be
included in the school students and or employee handbook and shall be conspicuously posted
on the school walls and website if there is any. The department of education (DepEd)shall
include in its training programs, courses of activities which shall provide opportunities for
school administrators, teachers, stakeholders and other employees to develop their knowledge
and skills in preventing or responding to anti bullying act.
It is very imperative to investigate the student’s awareness regarding bullying and to
find out the incidents of bullying at the elementary level .it is very important to identify high
risk children or those who have tendency of being bullied. School administration should
therefore plan a bullying awareness campaign and involvement in all levels. The emphasis is on
developing a positive and caring school environment conducive to the attainment of the
learning objectives, development of healthy relationship to other people. The administrator’s
faculty, staff, parents and students should know the basic facts about bullying and how to deal
with such situation. School staff need to learn when and how to intervene confidently. The
teacher should know how to intervene in bullying incidents improve classroom management
and recognize and reinforce positive behaviors of students. The homeroom advisers can discuss
bullying and ways to get along with others and build a strong teacher-pupils relationship deeply
understand the behaviors of the pupils.
Statement of the Problem
This study was conducted to determine the Levels of bullying as Related to Personal and Family
Characteristics of students for the school year 2023-2024
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions;

1. What are the levels of bullying encountered by Junior high school students in terms of
1.1 physical, and
1.2 Verbal
2. How may the Junior high school students describe the causes and effect of bullying in
terms of personal and family characteristics.
3. Is there significant difference on the assessment of bullying in the Junior high school
students in terms of personal and family characteristics?
4. What interventions can be applied to lessen or eradicate bullying incidence.

Hypotheses:
Based on the identified research questions, the researcher formulated the following
hypotheses:
1. There is significant significant difference on the assessment of bullying in the Junior high
school students in terms of personal and family characteristics.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study may be beneficial to the following individuals and
organizations:

Administrators
This study will help administrators to be aware of what is happening in its
school.it will help them to build system in place which will make the child feel safe
making sure that it will not violate the child right to human dignity ,freedom and
security.
Teachers
This study will notify teachers and contribute to more effective preparation in
dealing with bullying in school.it is hoped that teachers will be able to reduce
bullying incidents and provide safer environment for the students through
establishing rules regarding bullying and holding regular classroom meeting with
parents to inform about their child's behavior.
Guidance Counselor
This will help them to improve their strategies on how to deal with bullying
cases and decide on individual therapy needs. Through the pupils’ insights it will also
help them to explore the feelings of each individual.
Learners
This will give way to the pupils to hear their voices about their experiences
and insights about bullying. the insight gained from them could aid in the creation of
learning environment which is safe, conducive to learning and child friendly.
Parents
This study will notify the parents on how to a child's behavior is affected
without their support. They will also be informed on what to do to support their child
in school activities.
Future Researcher
This study will help the future researcher in having knowledge about the
incidence in bullying.it will help them to think of better ideas to improve the
intervention in lessening or eradicating bullying.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The main concern of this study was to assess the levels of bullying as related to
personal and family characteristics of Junior high school students during the Academic
year 2023-2024.The respondents in the study is Junior high school students.
The researcher will be gathering data through the handing out survey
questionnaires for the participants to answer.
The research data will be delimited on the answer of the participants in their
survey questionnaires they were asked to answer based on their experience in
bullying.

Definition of KEY TERMS

For better clarification and understanding of the terms related to this study
the following terms were define conceptually and operationally.
Bullies
This term refers to any students who commits acts of bullying to other
students. (Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 10627, Definition of
Terms)
Bullying
This term refers to any severe ,repeated use by one or more students of a
written verbal or electronic expression or a physical act or gesture or any
combination thereof, directed at another student that has the effect of actually
causing or placing the latter in reasonable fear or physical or emotional harm or
damage to his property ,creating a hostile environment at school ,or materially and
substantially disrupting the education process on the orderly operation of a school.
(Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 10627,Definition of Terms)
Low Self-Esteem
This term refers to individuals’ perception of himself and be measured by how
much the person appreciates and love himself.
Interventions
This term refers to actions that will be done in lessening or eradicating
bullying in school.
Physical Bullying
This term refers to any unwanted physical contact between the bully and the
victim like punching pushing kicking, slapping, inflicting, pranks, fighting and the use
of objects as weapons. (Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 10627,
Definition of Terms)

Verbal Bullying
This term refers to the kind of bullying that includes saying or writing mean
things to the victim .it includes teasing name calling inappropriate sexual comments
threatening to cause harm.
Victims
This term refers to any students who experiences the acts of bullying or
retaliation. (Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 10627, Definition of
Terms)
 Chapter II
ONLINE REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Bullying
Bullying takes place in a variety of settings. For many victims, bullying is an everyday
part of their life. They are bullied at home, at work at even at school. For many years now,
schools in the Philippines are plague by instances of bullying in and out of school. Bullying is
unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived
power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated over time. Both
kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious lasting problems. In order to be
considered bullying, the behavior must be aggressive and include: an imbalance of power which
means that kids who bully use their power -such as physical strength, access to embarrassing
information, or popularity -to control or harm others. Power imbalances can change over time
and in different situations even if they involve in the same people; and b) repetition or bullying
behavior happen more than once or have the potential to happen more than once. It includes
actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally and
excluding someone from group on purpose.
(Retrieve on September 9 2015from www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/definition).
Koike (2018) revealed that students experienced physical and verbal bullying very often.
They were physically attacked or hurt, verbally harassed or embarrassed in school by a student
or a group of students and experienced having rumors or gossip about them. They noted that
these experiences had an impact in their personality and their life was affected.
A stated in the Republic Act 10627(2013) that any severe or repeated use by one or
more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any
combination thereof directed at another student that has the effect of actually causing or
placing the latter in reasonable fear of physical or emotional harm or damage to his property,
creating a hostile environment at school for the other students.

Verbal Bullying
As cited in Non Bullying Movement.com,it is not uncommon for people to experience
some of verbal bullying(being called names or insults)at some point in their lives. Many young
people heard insults of a daily basis when they are in school or in the community .It was further
emphasized that these experiences after the wellbeing of a person (Retrieved on February 4
2016 from www.bullying.co.uk/ general advice/verbal-bullying/).It was further pointed out that
it can be confusing for someone to try and work out whether the name calling is banter or
bullying. A young person going through this problem might feel intimidated or feel under
pressure not to make an argument because others are saying it is just a joke.
However, if the name calling becomes persistent and regular, then this is bullying. It is
equally about how one feels. If it makes him/her uncomfortable and somebody has told them
to stop but they are still name calling, then this is what we call verbal bullying. The verbal
bullying can be anything about weight ,appearance ,racist sexual or homophobic bullying. Name
calling has been around for what may seem forever but for someone who is on the receiving
end of this ,it can often have devastating consequences.
 Most people think of bullying, they think of physical bullying. However, bullying goes
beyond the physical and can encompass the verbal. It may seem strange, but verbal bullying
can be harmful as physical bullying. With the verbal bullying, the goal is still to degrade and
demean the victim, while making the aggressor look dominant and powerful. All bullying
focuses on creating a situation in which the victim is dominated by the aggressor .And this can
happen verbally as well as physical (Retrieved on February 04,2016 from
www.bullyingstatistics.org/content/verbal-bullying.html).
Moreover, the author pointed out that many victims of verbal bullying are affected in
very real ways. Verbal bullying can affect one’s self-image, and affect them emotionally and
psychologically. This level of bullying can lead the low self-esteem as well as depression and
other problems. It can aggravate problems that a victim may already experiencing at home or in
other places. In some cases, verbal bullying can reach a point where the victim is so depressed
and wants to Escape so badly, that he or she may turn to substance abuse or in some extreme
cases suicide.in the end words have a power of their own, and the realities of verbal bullying
can have a very physical consequences, even if the aggressor never lays a finger on the victim.
Physical Bullying
Physical bullying can include harassment like name calling or stalking behaviors and
more violent abusers like hitting or intimidating. Sometimes group of young adults will target
and alienate a peer because of some adolescent prejudice. This can lead to a situation where
they are being taunted, torture beat up from their fellow classmates. This level of bullying can
end tragically and therefore must be stopped immediately (Retrieved on February 04 2016 from
http:/nobullying.com/physical-bullying/).
It was also stated that physical bullying can really happen to anyone. No one is safe.
Adults, young adults, young children and the elderly are all at risk of this level of bullying. No
matter how young or old someone is, there is always a chance that someone could harass or
abuse them. Often time in children, bullying happens way from home, but physical bullying
can also take place in the home. School and after school programs are also danger zones.
Further, it was mentioned that its roots are mainly violent, but some people who
dominate others have underlying emotions issues urging them to control others. This is an
indirect way to make them feel better. By degrading the victim with verbal and physical abuse,
they somehow ease their own pain, though temporarily and superficially. They elevate their
own ego through the degradation of others. This domineering and sometimes sadist seeming
behavior seems to be genetically predisposed, but ultimately develops from harsh parenting
styles.
Characteristics of the bullies
It is often difficult to identify bullies because several myths that surround bullying.
Kreidler (2014) stated that it is widely believed that bullies have the low self-esteem.
Nevertheless, some bullies tend to score very high on self-esteem measure, and compared with
other children, they suffer less anxiety and insecurity (Power 2017). They exhibit little empathy
for how their targets feel; therefore, bullies see themselves in a positive light. They may even
see themselves as a victim. A bully assume that another child didn’t accidentally bump into
him/her and therefore deserved the resulting victimization. This thinking helps bullies to justify
their behavior and encourages the belief that ‘’I’ve got them before they get me’’(Kriedler
2014).Kreidler further stated that although this is widely believed that bullies fail or frustrated
in school, many do quite academically.
Some studies claim that there are links between bullying and the family that bullying can
be passed from generation to generation(Sullivan 2016)Bullies tend to have more family
problems that other children, to be physically or emotionally abused and to be disciplined with
inconsistency at home (Viadero 2015).Discipline can also be very punitive and rigid ,with
physical punishment being very common(Dehan 2014).Bullies tend to come from families that
are characterized as having little warmth or affection. Members of these families also report
trouble sharing their feelings and report feeling distant from one another. Bullies often come
from families in which all the relationships are poor, and communication is minimal or non-
existent (Sullivan 2016).
According to Viadero (2015), most researcher agree that the roots of the problem may
be partly cultural. Students learn to bully and tease from the other actions or inaction of the
adults they see around them and on television. Viadero also pointed out that when the adults
ignore bullying behavior through inaction, tragic consequences may result because ‘’bullies,
many of whom were bullied at home themselves, are four times more likely to be criminals
than are nonbullies’’. Aggressive and manipulative behavior in a family is transferred to the
world at large can be expressed as bullying in school; that is how children act outside the family
closely related to what goes on inside the family (Sullivan 2016).

Characteristics of the Victims

Being a victims typically begins in the second grade ,but the likelihood of being bullied
decrease each year because bullies in elementary school are more likely to pick on younger
children(Dehaan ,2013;Suderman et al 2014) Most researcher on bullying (Power,2017;
Sullivan,2016)identify three specific types off victims.(1) Passive victims are characterized as
anxious ,lacking self-esteem and self-confidence ,physically weak ,and unpopular, they do
nothing provoke attacks and do little ,if anything to defend themselves.(2)Provocative victims
are characterized as physically stronger and more active than passive victims. They may have
problems with concentration and therefore, cause tension and irritation around them,
provoking other children to turn on them. (3) Bully/victims are described as both provoking
aggression in others and instigating aggressive acts. Given the complexity of theses
descriptions, victims may be difficult to identify.
According to Dehaan(2013) ,attitude sin recent years have changed about what it means
to be a victim. Many parents and school officials are likely to blame victims of bullying for being
weak and unable to stand up for themselves. In addition, victims are usually warned by bullies
not to tell anyone, making it difficult for them to talk with parents and teachers. Victims are
just; likely to be boys as girls. They may have strong fears or dislike going to school. Victims
report feeling closer to parents and siblings some victims are not. Being labeled a victim is likely
to follow children around from year to year. The most extreme victims, report is having few or
no friends and being alone at recess and lunch (Dehaan).
Furthermore Dehaan(2013) believed that it is important to rote the short-and long -
term consequences of being a victim. The short-term consequences include developing a strong
dislike or going to school and specially of participating in or in class (Dehaan2013). Victims may
distrust peers and have trouble making friends. Psychological injuries may cause more long-
term effects that include anxiety; embarrassment; guilt loneliness; loss of self-esteem; sleep
speech; panic attacks and delays in physical mental and emotional development. The most
severely bullied students develop Post traumatic stress disorder, as, many domestic violence
and child abuse victims do. Dehaan noted that the long-term consequences of being a victim
vary widely. Most of bullying do well in school and are able to make friends as they grow older.
Most victims, especially if they receive support from adults important in their lives, survive the
experience of being bullied without long-term effect.
Family Characteristics of bullies and victims
Families of bullies or violent students have some characteristics such as using physical
discipline, repudiations or hostile actions against children, poor problem-solving skills, and
permission for hostile acts (Demeray, & Malecki, 2013). Fielder (2016) indicated that there was
a relationship between authoritarian parenting style and the acts of bullying. Families of victims
show more defender and less repudiation and less hostile acting ( Koucka, 2015).

It is determined from the literature that bully children and adolescents have parents
having poor problem-solving skills, inconsistent relationship with their parents and siblings
(Connolly, & O’Moore, 2017). Mothers or fathers of both victims and bullies have power
imbalance and their children perceive fathers having more power than mothers (Bowers,&
Binney, 2015). Bullies experience family conflict of their parents and less emotional reactions
(Van Oost, 2013). Poor dependence, poor human touch, poor control and discipline strategies
are also evident in this group.

Different assessment methods such as observation, sociometric procedures,

questionnaires, surveys, teacher ratings, self-reports, are used for determining bullying
(Crothers, & Levinson,2014). The self-report method is generally used in many studies in Turkey
for determining the groups related to bullying. Assessment using peer nominations is an
important source of knowledge because it includes observation of many people having mutual
interaction Pekel, (2017). Peer nomination permits the aggregation of peer/classmate judgment
about individuals’ roles in school bullying. Aggregation mitigates against the biases of a
particular person while allowing for the richness of individual reports at the level of the child
(Henry, 2015). There are many studies in the literature indicating that teacher and peer ratings
are more effective than self-report for determination of physical and verbal or direct and
indirect aggression. National and international research shows that studies on family
characteristics are necessary for understanding and preventing bullying Dölek,(2013).

Anti-Bullying Act
Republic At No.10627 or Anti-bullying Act of 2013 is an act requiring all elementary and
secondary schools to adopt policies to prevent and address the acts of bullying in their
institutions. In the section 2 of the Act of bullying ,this bullying acts shall refer to any severe or
repeated used by one or more students of a written ,verbal or electronic expression, or a
physical act or gesture ,or any combination thereof, directed at another students that has effect
of actually causing or placing latter in reasonable fear of physical or emotional harm damage to
his property; creating hostile environment at actions do not match our internal code of ethics
and morality(Retrieved from http://www.crisisprevention.com
 The policies under the Anti Bullying Act clearly protects students against bullying while
on school grounds within its perimeter. It also takes effect at school functions or programs,
whether these are within the school grounds or at an outside venue. Even school buses and
carpools are covered by the Anti Bullying Act, given that they bare owned, leases by or
accredited by the school. Finally, students re also protected from acts of bullying that result
from or through technological or electronic devices owned by school.
Other malicious acts may also consider as protected by Anti Bullying Act if they cause a
student to feel that he or she is unsafe in school, and in effect, affecting the student learning
process. As for students who report case of bullying, or are witnesses to acts of bullying, they
are also protected by this act and any form of violence or abuse directed towards may also be
sanctioned.
Palo (2018) stated that the usual notion to bullying is in the form of physical aggression
where bully punches, kicks or even throws the supposed victim around. Nowadays, it can be a
form of giving insults, threats or spreading rumors about the victim he added that solution to
bullying is to use preventive policy, and could be best achieved in school and in the community
as well.
Similarly, Trillanes (2011) discussed that bullying is an internal, or physical abuse that
harms a student /pupil or damages the student’s property, interferes with a student’s
education, threatens the educational environment, and disrupts the orderly operation of the
school.
According to Era Children who resort to bullying may be seeking recognition in some
way. They may also have wrong role models at home, and even in the society. He also revealed
that all basic things in life learn from the family and from the parents. It was also stated that
even if good laws are implemented to address the bullying incidents, but the family values
orientation bad or weak, problems still cannot be addressed. It is essential to teach the right
values to the children. The elders the parents and the teachers, should teach the children that it
is better to be friendly and caring so they would gain more friends. (As cited in Genio 2016)

Role of Parents and Teachers

House Bill 2361 authored by Botacabe (2017) Or the Anti-Bullying Act criminalizes
bullying and penalizes bullies’ whore are minors (below 18 years old) and their parents.
Penalties include public reprimand from the school ,2-6 months of mandatory counseling,
suspension, or expulsion for those who commit a series of bullying incidents and a mandatory
rehabilitation in an institution for juvenile delinquents for 6 months to one year for bullying
with violence. [for the teaches and the guardians of the bully, they will also be held liable and
will be required to pay the victim damages from P10,000 to P100,000 and 2-6 months
mandatory counseling with their child.
It was stated by Divecha (2019) that the best solution to stop bullying is to educate and
form the right values in children during formative years. Curbing violence against children
should begin at home. Parents should be partners in putting an end to the child bullying
behavior. Parents must recognize their child is a bully and help him change his negative
behavior to others and they consider bullying as a serious matter and hence should not be
treated slightly (as cited Genio 2016).
 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains the description of the research design, the subjects of the study, sampling
techniques, research instrument construction and validation, research procedure and the
statistical treatment used in the analysis of the data.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The researcher used the descriptive -survey type of research. According to Burns and
Grove(2017)descriptive research is ‘’design to provide a picture of situation as it naturally
happened’ ’It may be used to justify current practice and make judgement and also to develop
theories. For this purpose of this study ,descriptive research was used to assess the levels of
bullying as related to personal and family characteristics of intermediate pupils of San Juan
Elementary School Unit-I .A survey was to gather information about the levels of bullying in
terms of Physical and verbal ,causes and effects to personal and family characteristics that
came up with the best intervention s that can be applied to lessen or eradicate bullying.

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents of the study are selected Junior high school students. The total number
of the participants was 6 Junior high school students. Table-I shows the number of respondents
according to the grade level.
Table 1.
Respondents of the study
Grade Level Number of Students
Grade 7 1
Grade 8 2
Grade 9 2
Grade 10 1
Total 6

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
In this study researcher will utilize Purposive sampling.
Purposive sampling (also known as judgment, selective or subjective
sampling) is a sampling technique in which researcher relies on his or her own
judgment when choosing members of population to participate in the study.

Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling method and it occurs when

“elements selected for the sample are chosen by the judgment of the researcher.
Researchers often believe that they can obtain a representative sample by using
a sound judgment, which will result in saving time and money”
 The researcher considered this technique because the purpose of this study is to know
the levels of bullying in terms of physical and verbal as related to personal and family
characteristics Junior high school students.

RESEARCH INTRUMENT
The researcher used unstructured interview for the respondents in this study. The
interview according to Vockell(2000) is a technique in which the researcher stimulates the
respondents to give the needed information for the study. It was advantage because
respondents were encouraged to express their thoughts freely. Only few questions were asked
to obtain the information on the respondent’s experiences about the levels of bullying causes,
effects in terms of personal and family characteristics and how they dealt with it. These
identified respondents were later used as the researchers interview respondents. It was done in
a casual manner that the respondents were not aware that they were being interviewed.

RESEARCH PROCEDURE
To ascertain the effective conduct of this study, the following step were observed

1. Asked the approval of the principal and advisers to undertake the survey
2. Distributed survey among selected respondents of the study.
3. Collated ,Collected,tabulated analyzed,and interpreted the data using statistical treatment.
4. Finalized and prepared for the final presentation of the study.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The collected data will be tabulated ,categorized,analyzed and interpreted through statistical .
The statistical treatment will used

In determining the levels of physical and verbal bullying of intermediate pupils ,norms
of interpretation and weighted mean will be used.

In determining the causes of bullying to personal and family characteristics weighted

mean and norms of interpretation will be used.

In determining the effects of bullying to personal and family characteristics weighted

mean and norms of interpretation will be used.

To determine the significant difference on the assessment of bullying in the intermediate

pupils in terms of personal and family characteristics an analysis of variance was used.
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 Survey Questionnaire for the Pupils
This questionnaire tends to assess the incidence of bullying among intermediate pupils.
Your effort in answering all questions and /or furnishing ,he needed information will help in
solving problems and in lessening or eradicating bullying in the school.
Rest assured that whatever information given in the survey will be used exclusively for
the purpose of stopping bullying in the school.
1. Bullying in terms of Physical and Verbal,Frequency and Intensity
Put a check mark( )after each item indicating your experiences of bullying.Use the following
scale.
Descriptive Rating Rating Scale
Very Often (VO) everyday
Often (O) 3-4times in a week
Seldom (Se) twice in a week
Sometimes (S) Once in a week
Never (N) This never happen to me
VO O SE S N
Physical 5 4 3 2 1
1. Hit by another pupils
(Hinampas)
2.Tripped when walking
(Tinisod habang naglalakad)
3Physically pushed by another pupils
(Tinulak)
4.Hurt with a weapon like stick ,pair of scissors or sharp objects
(Sinaktan gamit ang patpat ,gunting o matutulis na bagay)
5. Forced to fight with another person /other people
(Pinilit makipag away sa iba)
6. Slapped on face
(Sinampal sa mukha)
7. Hair was pulled
(Sinabunutan)
8. Punched or stamped on
(tinadyakan)
9. I was bitten
(Kinagat)
10.Forced into doing things I did not want to do.
(Pinilit gawin ang mga bagay na labag sa kalooban)
VO O SE S N
Verbal 5 4 3 2 1
1. Received violent threats
(Matinding pananakot and sinabi)
2. Sexually ofensive remarks were made
(Nilait and kasarian)
3. Humiliated in front of others
(Pinahiya sa ibang tao)
4. Teased about body or physcial appearance
(Nilait ang panlabas na kaanyuan)
5. Rumors were spread
(Sinira ang pagkatao sa iba)
6. Called by hurtful names
(Tinawag sa masakit na pangalan)
7. Threatened in a language which I did not understand
(Tinakot sa mga salitang sila lang ang nakakaalam)
8. Blamed things I did not do
(Pinagbintangan sa mga maling hindi ginawa)
 9. Told others to exclude me in a group
(Sinabihan ang ibang tao na wag akong kaibiganin)
10.Untrue,hurtful words were said
(Sinabihan ng masasakit na salita)

2. Causes of Bullying to personal and family characteristics

Put a check mark( )after each item indicating your experiences of bullying.Use the following
scale.
Descriptive Rating Rating Scale
Strongly Agree (SA) 5
Agree (A) 4
Moderately Agree (MA) 3
Disagree (D) 2
Strongly Disagree (SD) 1
Causes of Bullying
SA A MA D SD
Personal Characteristics 5 4 3 2 1
1. Aggression
(Mapusok akong kumilos)
2. Want to become powerful
(Gusto ko na nakakataas ako sa iba)
3. Want to hurt other
(Gusto ko na nakakapanakit ako ng iba)
4. Want to be recognized
(Gusto ko na makilala ako)
5. Seeking attention
(Humihingi ako ng atensyon)
SA A MA D SD
Family Characteristics 5 4 3 2 1
1. Lack of love and attention from the family
(Kakulangan ng atensyon at pagmamahal mula sa pamilya)
2. Harsh Descipline by parents
(Malupitmagdisiplina ang aking pamilya
3. Broken Family
(Hindi buo ang aking pamilya)
4. Parental rejection)
(Pagtangi sa akin ng aking mga magulang)
5. Lack of supervision
(Hindi ako nagagabang ng aking magulang)

3. Effects of bullying to personal and family characteristics

Put a check mark( )after each item indicating your experiences of bullying.Use the following
scale.
Descriptive Rating Rating Scale
Strongly Agree (SA) 5
Agree (A) 4
Moderately Agree (MA) 3
Disagree (D) 2
Strongly Disagree (SD) 1
Effects of Bullying
SA A MA D SD
Personal Characteristics 5 4 3 2 1
1. Low of self esteem
(Kawalan ng kumpiyansa sa sarili)
2. Lost appetite
(Nawalan ng gana kumain)
3. Felt like a failure
(Pakiramdam isang talunan)
4. Felt nervous all the time
(Naging nerbiyoso)
5. Unmotivated in school
(Nawalan ng ganang pumasok sa eskwelahan)
SA A MA D SD
Family Characteristics 5 4 3 2 1
1. Secrecy
(Pagsesekreto sa magulang)
2. Withdrawal
(Paglayo ng loob sa pamilya
3. Lack of trust
(Kawalan ng tiwala)
4. Lying
(Pagsisinungaling sapamilya
5. Overprotectiveness
(Pagiging strikto ng magulang)

https://www.slideshare.net/victoriasantos9822924/bullying-thesis