13.

4 Transport in Plants
• Sugars from photosynthesis  phloem 
________________________________________
• Water and dissolved minerals  xylem 
__________________________________

How water and nutrients move?

• Diffusion: movement of particles (____________)
• Osmosis: movement of water (_______________)
• Active transport: movement of nutrients using energy

Transport in the xylem

• Root cells contain a higher conc. of dissolved nutrients than the soil
– Water moves into roots (__________________)
• Carries water and minerals through the plant  spreads by diffusion
or active transport
• Transpiration: ____________________________________
• Must fight against gravity!!!

• Root pressure
– _____________________ in root moves water
upwards in plant
• As minerals move into xylem,
more water is pulled in
increasing the push upwards
– Process is helped by _________ 
water molecules sticking to sides of
xylem
 • Transpirational pull
– Causes a negative pressure pulling from
above as water evaporates
– Cohesion-tension model: water is
___________ up to replace the water lost by
transpiration, attraction between water
molecules creates an unbroken water
column
– Extends all the way to the roots!

Transport in phloem
• Translocation: movement of sucrose and other
organic molecules
– Sugars (leaves)  __________________

• The pressure-flow model

– Organic molecules move from a
source to a sink due to pressure
– Water aids in this process
– Sink can be roots, flowers or fruits

___________________________