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Chapter 2 Structured Questions
Chapter 2 Structured Questions
Structured questions
Sections 2.12.2
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When iron filings are mixed with sulphur powder, a mixture forms. When the mixture
is strongly heated, a new compound forms.
(a) What are the meaning of the terms ‘mixture’ and ‘compound’? (2 marks)
(b) State ONE observation when the mixture of iron and sulphur is heated strongly.
(1 mark)
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(a) A mixture consists of two or more pure substances which have not
chemically combined together. 1
A compound is a pure substance made up of two or more elements
chemically combined together. 1
(b) Sulphur melts. / Brown solid forms. 1
(c) Iron(II) sulphide 1
(d) Some iron filings are left in the compound as impurities. 1
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Sections 2.32.5
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Dry air contains 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen.
(a) Name TWO gases that make up the remaining 1% by volume of dry air.
(2 marks)
*(b) Briefly describe how the components of air can be separated by fractional
distillation. (4 marks)
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(a) Any TWO:
Carbon dioxide 1
Argon 1
Helium (1)
(b) - The air is first filtered to remove dust particles. 1
- The purified air is then compressed and cooled to become liquid. 1
- The liquid air is then warmed up bit by bit very slowly. As the
components of air have different boiling points, they boil at different
temperatures and so can be collected one by one. 1
- Communication mark 1
(c) Put a glowing splint into the test tube containing the gas. 1
Oxygen relights the glowing splint. 1
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Air is a mixture of elements and compounds.
(b) How can we obtain the element in (a)(i) from air? (1 mark)
(d) Oxygen can also be obtained from air. When a student puts a glowing splint into
a test tube containing oxygen, the splint relights. The student concluded that
oxygen is a flammable gas. Comment on the statement. (1 mark)
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(a) (i) Nitrogen 1
(ii) Carbon dioxide / water (accept other reasonable answers) 1
(b) Fractional distillation of liquid air 1
(c) It can be used in food packaging / as a refrigerant / to make ammonia. 1
(d) The statement is incorrect. Oxygen supports combustion only. 1
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The following diagram shows how the components of air can be separated.
air
gas A
gas B
gas D and
water vapour
are removed gas C
unit X
(a) Name the above process used to separate the components of air. (1 mark)
(d) Arrange the boiling points of gases A, B and C in ascending order. (1 mark)
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(a) Fractional distillation 1
(b) Carbon dioxide 1
(c) (i) Fractionating column 1
(ii) The liquid air is warmed up bit by bit. 1
(d) A < B < C 1
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