English 1 st Paper

Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)

China
Dining
Sit where you are instructed to sit. Be graceful and polite when taking food with chopsticks. Don’t
make much noise when eating or drinking soup. Don’t play with chopsticks or point at anyone with
them. For a formal dinner wear formal dress.
Gift
Do present and receive things with both hands. Politely refusing a gift before accepting it is the norm
in Chinese culture, so don’t be discouraged when someone initially refuses your gift. White flowers
are not good as gifts as they symbolize death.
Greetings
Shake hands softly as a firm handshake could be considered a sign of aggression. It may make your
Chinese friends feel uncomfortable. Greet the most senior first and gradually others. Children are
expected to greet you rather than you greeting the children.
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)

South African
Dining
Arrive on time. Wear casual clothes. Offer help to the hostess with the preparation of the meal and
clearing up after the meal is over. The guest is served first, then gradually the oldest male, rest of
the men, children, and finally women. Do not begin to eat or drink anything until the oldest man at
the table has begun. South African people usually do not use left hand in taking meals.
Gift
In general. South Africans give gifts on birthdays and Christmas. It is common for several friends to
share the cost of a gift. If you are invited to a South African’s home, bring flowers and good quality
chocolates to the host family.
Greetings
When dealing with foreigners, most South Africans shake hands with a smile while maintaining eye-
contact. Some women do not shake hands and merely nod their head, so it is best to wait for a
woman to extend her hand. Men may kiss a woman they know well on the cheek in place of a
handshake. Greetings are leisurely and are marked by good cheers.
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)

Great Britain
Dining
If you are invited to a dinner wait until your host (ess) indicates you to begin eating. Your may use a
piece of bread on a fork to soak up sauce or gravy. Never hold the bread in your fingers to do this.
You may eat chicken and pizza with your fingers if you are at a barbecue, or in a very informal
setting. Other-wise always use a knife and fork.
Gift
It is customary to take a small gift for the host if invited to a home. This is usually flowers or
chocolates. Some people may send flowers in advance of a dinner party but it is equally acceptable
to take them on the day. Gifts are opened on receipt.
Greetings
A handshake is the most common form of greeting among the British people and is customary when
you are introduced to somebody new. It is only when you meet a friend of the opposite sex whom
you haven’t seen for a long time, that you would give a kiss on the cheek.
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)
Middle East
Dining
Use your right hand when picking up and eating food; never your left hand, which you keep at your
side. Do not place your left hand on the table, and do not use it to pass food. People use spoons
forks and knives, if necessary, and hardly any utensils.
Gift
Gifts are given frequently to show love, gratitude and respect. Anytime you are invited to someone’s
place, bring a gift. The most common gifts are food items such as pastries, chocolates, sweets and
cookies. Dates are also commonly given as gifts. People also value food and arts and crafts items
form other cultures.
Greetings
The most common greeting is salaam alaykum (‘May peace be upon you’), to which the reply is
waalaykum as salaam (‘and peace be upon you too’). Shaking hands (between men) is an
important gesture of mutual respect. Hugging and kissing on the cheeks between same sex people
in social situations are quite common though it is strictly forbidden between men and women.
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)
• কতকগুল ো Noun এর Singular এ একটি অর্থ টকন্তু Plural এ দুইটি অর্থ র্োলক।
Singular Plural Meaning of Plurals
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)
• কটতপয় Noun এর Number টিন্ন হল অর্থও টিন্ন হয়। যেমন-
Singular Plural Meaning of Plurals Singular
Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)

Word & Meaning Synonym Antonym

Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)

Word & Meaning Synonym Antonym

 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)
❖ Choose the correct answer from the alternatives:
(a) The word Chopsticks mentioned in the passage refers-
(i) two small sticks used for pointing at anyone with them
(ii) two small sticks used for picking up and eating food
(iii) small utensils used for cooking
(iv) two big spoons for picking up and eating food
(b) The word initially mentioned in the passage means-
(i) at last (ii) at the middle (iii) in the end (iv) at first
(c) In south Africa at dinner people wear……..
(i) formal clothes (ii) special dress (iii) casual dress (iv) new clothes
(d) The phrase shake hands mentioned in the passage implies……
(i) way of greeting (ii) showing hospitality to others
(iii) paying respect ot others (iv) saying goodbye to the guest
(e) Be graceful and polite when ______ with chopsticks.
(i) drinking soup (ii) taking food (iii) pointing at anyone (iv) talking to anybody
 Unit : 3, Lesson-1 (Manners Around the World)
❖ Answer the following questions.
(a) “Sit where you are instructed to sit” What does the instruction imply? What special rules must
you follow when dining in China?
(b) What, according to the norm in Chinese culture, is the etiquette on gift giving and receiving?
(c) What makes your Chinese friends feel uncomfortable?
(d) What are dining manners and etiquette in South Africa?
(e) What is the specialty of dealing with foreigners in South Africa? Explain.
English 2 nd Paper
 Pronoun Reference
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Example:

Answer :

Example:
Answer:
 Pronoun Reference
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❖
 Pronoun Reference
❖

❖
 Pronoun Reference
❖

❖
 Pronoun Reference
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 PRONOUN REFERENCING
❖ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where
necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all pronoun references are clear.
Salam and Salma are siblings. They read in a local primary school. Salam is in class five
whereas her sister, Salma reads in class three. They go to school together. Sometimes
they take rickshaw because it is five kilometers away from their home. Today, she is going
to school with her father because her brother Salam is sick. He is taking medicine and bed
rest.
 PRONOUN REFERENCING
❖ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where
necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all pronoun references are clear.
Both educated and uneducated women are at present as important as men in our society.
She constitutes nearly half of our total population. No country can make real progress
keeping half of it in darkness. Without the upliftment of our women, it is not possible.
Again, without education, women cannot be uplifted. So proper education should be given
to her in order that they can work hand in hand with them in all development programs.
 PRONOUN REFERENCING
❖ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where
necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all pronoun references are clear.
Autism is a physical disorder of the brain who causes lifelong developmental disability.
Unfortunately the number of boys and girls become victim of it after their birth. Children
with autism vary widely with their activities, abilities, behaviors etc. and the symptoms may
appear differently in him. The sorrows and sufferings of the parent of those autistic children
know no bounds. Though the autistic children are quite different in activities from the
normal children, they should not be neglected. Rather, we have great responsibilities
towards them.
 PRONOUN REFERENCING
❖ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where
necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all pronoun references are clear.
Once a woman’s only son died. She was overwhelmed with grief and cried hard at the
untimely death of the beloved son. The woman had heard about Lord Buddha and went to
his to get back the life of the dead son. She prayed to him, ”O Lord, give life to her dead
son.” Buddha took a great pity for her and said, “Your son will get back him life if you can
bring a handful of mustard seeds from a house where nobody has ever died.” Then the
woman went from door to door in search of the mustard seeds buy found no such house.
Buddha now said to her,” So, you see, death is common to and she should not weep.” It
found great consolation.
 PRONOUN REFERENCING
❖ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where
necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all pronoun references are clear.
Once a king ordered his cook to prepare a delicious duck roast. When he cooked it, he
could not resist his temptation and ate one of the legs of a roasted duck. When he sat to
eat, he found one of the legs was missing and so, he asked him about it. But the cook said
that it had only one leg. At this he got furious and said that there was no such thing as a
one-legged duck.
 ANTECEDENT
❑ Antecedent is actually the noun, the noun which clarifies the pronoun is called antecedent.

Nobody wants his or her name slandered.

singular indefinite singular referent

pronoun antecedent

Each of the participants has given his or her approval.

singular indefinite singular referent

pronoun antecedent
Neither of the men looked as if he wanted the job.

singular indefinite Singular referent

pronoun antecedent

One of the women put her briefcase under the seat.

singular indefinite singular referent

pronoun antecedent
 Pronoun Referencing (Board Style Practice)
❑ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where necessary, rewrite
the sentence so that all pronoun references are clear. [B.B-2017] 1×5=5
Teaching is a profession who is full of challenge. I want to be a teacher because you like working
with children. But my father argues that one cannot make much money from it. He wants me to look
after their farms instead. But this does not inspire me much.
Answer
Teaching is a profession which is full of challenge. I want to be a teacher because I like working
with children. But my father argues that I cannot make much money from teaching. He wants me to
look after his farms instead. But this does not inspire me much.
 Pronoun Referencing (Board Style Practice)

❑ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where necessary,
rewrite the sentence so that all pronoun references are clear. [S.B-2017] 𝟏 × 𝟓 = 𝟓

Mandela left public life in June 2004 telling his adoring countrymen not to call them.
Regarding it, Nadine Gordimer said, “He is at the epicenter of his time, our in south Africa
and your, wherever you are”.

Answer
Mandela left public life in June 2004 telling his adoring countrymen not to call him.
Regarding him, Nadine Gordimer said, “He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South
Africa and yours, wherever you are."
 Pronoun Referencing (Board Style Practice)
❑ Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where necessary,
rewrite the sentence so that all pronoun references are clear. [C.B-2017] 𝟏 × 𝟓 = 𝟓

Travelling is a part of education. These means going from place to place. One can enhance
knowledge by going from place to place. These gives one the opportunity to see the unseen
and know the unknown. Some people are averse to travelling. This limits his vision.
However, by travelling to different parts of the world, my knowledge can be enriched.

Answer
Travelling is a part of education. This means going from place to place. One can enhance
knowledge by going from place to place. This gives a traveler the opportunity to see the
unseen and know the unknown. Some people are averse to travelling. This limits their
vision. However, by travelling to different parts of the world, their/our knowledge can be
enriched.
 Poll Question - 01

❑ My uncle has three sons, ______ work in the same office.

(a) all of them

(b) who all

(c) they all

(d) all of whom

 Poll Question - 02

❑ I know baby _________ was present there.

(a) who

(b) which

(c) whose

(d) who’s
 Poll Question - 03

❑ There are almost a million people with Spanish surnames in Los Angeles, out of a

total population of more than seven millions . Find out the incorrect part of the

sentence

(a) There are

(b) out of

(c) more than

(d) seven millions

 Poll Question - 04

❑ Blake is among the very __________ as genuinely significant in the history of both

art and literature made a tremendous advancement.

(a) few individuals whom critics regard

(b) few individual who critics regard

(c) few individuals who critical regard

(d) few individuals who critics regard

 Poll Question - 05

❑ During her rise to fame, she betrayed many of her friends, and because of it , few

people trust her.

Find out the incorrect part of the sentence

(a) her rise to fame

(b) she

(c) because of it

(d) her
Today’s
Topic
Review