Class 15_B1_Part1_Module2_L1_21/05/2023

Class 15 Summary of Bayyinah Dream 21/05/2023

Intensive 2, (Arabic Language with NAK) Salmiah Abd Majid
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 Doa, kindly recite individually

“ Ya Allah, bukakanlah ke atas kami hikmah-Mu dan limpahilah ke atas kami khazanah
rahmat-Mu, wahai yang Maha Pemurah lagi Maha Penyayang”.

“ Ya Allah, bukakanlah ke atas kami hikmah-Mu dan limpahilah ke atas kami khazanah
“Wahai tuhanku, lapangkanlah bagiku dadaku. Dan mudahkanlah bagiku, urusanku. Dan
rahmat-Mu, wahai yang Maha Pemurah lagi Maha Penyayang”.
lepaskanlah simpulan dari lidahku supaya mereka faham perkataanku.”
(Surah Taha, 20: 25-28)

“Ya Allah, tunjukkanlah kepada kami kebenaran itu sebagai kebenaran, dan rezekikan kami
untuk mengikutinya. Ya Allah tunjukkanlah kami kebatilan itu sebagai kebatilan dan
rezekikan kepada kami untuk menjauhinya.“ 2
 The focus of the program

The fundamentals of Classical Arabic

(Ancient Arabic)

This intensive Module 2 course focuses on Arabic Grammar (Nahu) of

Classical Arabic.

To go through the same documents of Module 1 (Intensive 1) without

leaving anything out, including the exercises.

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 The 3 kinds of Arabic
1-Street Arabic (the
different dialects of
Arabic based on places,
etc.)
- Different
neighborhood/places/countries
/dialects of spoken Arabic.
Our
3 kinds of Arabic; focus
2-Formal Arabic [Fus-Ha
ْ ُ‫( ] (ف‬Proper Arabic,
) ‫صحى‬ 3-Classical Arabic (the
Standard Arabic, Modern language of ancient Arabs,
Standard Arabic) lughatul Arabia, the
language of the Quran
- Proper Arabic as spoken before Islam)
today; Newspaper/News.
- A person is able to speak and
write well in today’s Arabic.
- A subset of the Ancient
The Quranic Arabic
Arabic ‫لسان العرب‬
(These two items have something in
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common that will be studied later.)
The relationship between the Ancient and Fus-Ha Arabic.

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The Three kinds of words in Arabic

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The Three Types of Words in Arabic – The Definition

Any word in the Quran will be any of

the three only

Fi’l

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 The Harf (Huruf)
In some cases, harf
is more than
•HARF > / Particles
Preposition (Kata sendi nama).
A few examples of prepositions
are on, in, at and onto.

For example, the preposition in a

sentence :
- The bag is in the box.
- I will be home by noon. 8
 Notes: The process of elimination.

The definition and the elimination

process help to identify the type of
the word ( harf/Ism/fi’l)
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The Alternative Definition

fi’l

Pls change to fi’l

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 The Ism (Noun/Nama )

The Ism is more than just a noun…..

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 More Examples on Ism: Person, Place, Thing

THING: Chair, whiteboard, cup, etc.

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Examples of Ism

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Examples: the difference between Fi’l and Ism

-
-

= FI’L
THEY = ISM
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 More Examples on Ism : Adverb

(Kata keterangan)
dengan gembira

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 More Examples on Ism: Adverb

For an adverb, it needs to answer……….

?
(It doesn’t answer HOW) (Adjective) (Adverb)

Example: Example:
What a lovely They care for
car. me lovingly

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 The Fi’l (Verb/Perbuatan)

(3 types: Past, Present & Future, and Command) 19

 Summary of Feil/verb – Past tense (1st 2nd & 3rd Person pronouns)
From this
point
onwards,
the ‫ ر‬is
silent.

Pg 33

prerequisite
understanding
Feil
• The only thing
that is carried
over from Ism
is Pronouns. 20
Summary of Feil/verb - Present tense (1st 2nd & 3rd Person pronouns)

Pg 39

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 Example of Harf in Arabic : 7 of Harfun Nasb
Contoh :
Seandainya itu sesungguhnya

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Example of Harf in Arabic: 11 of Harfun Jarr

Contoh : dari

sehingga 24
Exercise

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Exercise: Identify which is Ism, Fi’l and Harf

Page 1
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The Answer to the Exercise: Identify which is Ism, Fi’l and Harf

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 The type of the word (Ism or Fi’l) depends on the sentence

Fi’l
-

Ism -
- I did ten jumps (Ism- idea)
However, in Arabic, this doesn’t happen (i.e same word appears as Fi’l and Ism)
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Note: In English, a word ends with ‘s’ or ‘ing’ = Fil & Ism

In English, a
word ends
with ‘s’ or
‘ing’ can be
Fil or Ism
depending
on the
sentence

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Every Ism has 4 properties

Pg 2

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32
 Ism: Status

Ism Status: 4 lessons;

i. Raf’, Nasb & Jarr
Status ii. How to tell the status
iii. Light vs heavy status
Number iv. Word flexibility

Gender

Type
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 Three Forms of Status

1. Only ISM
uses all
three forms.
(Pelaku) 2. The concept
of how words
show their status
(Yang kena buat/detail) (explicitly –jelas)
or implicitly -
tersirat) through
(Yang menunjukkan kepunyaan) changes in their
endings (baris
akhir).
 Example; Three Forms of Status: Subject
An example
of Raf’ form

The two ways of saying (book) ;

- is in Raf’ form
- is marfoo’ (Raf’ied)

Example:
The steps when you see the sentence:
R (Raf’) Fi’l N (Nasb) 1. Identify the Fi’l
2. 2 questions:
- To Identify the Raf’ (Doer/subject)
- To identify the details (Nasb)
The book is in Raf’ form or is marfoo’

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 Example: The Three Forms of Status;

In Jarr form In Nasb form In Raf’ form

or Majroo or Mansuub or Marfoo’

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 Example; Three Forms of Status: Object

Example:
The steps when you see the sentence:
R (Raf’) Fi’l N (Nasb) 1. Identify the Fi’l
2. 2 questions:
- To Identify the Raf’ (Doer/subject)
- To identify the Nasb (details/Object)
‘Me a lot’ is in Nasb form or is
mansuub

The two ways of saying “me a lot”

- is in Nasb form
- is mansuub (Mansuubfied)
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 What is Jarr?

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Examples of Jarr (Whatever comes after ‘of’)

(Jarr)

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Examples: Ism - Status; Raf’ (R), Nasb (N) & Jarr (J)

In Raf’ form or In Nasb form

Marfoo’ or Mansub

In Jarr form or
Majroo

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 Examples: Ism - Status; Raf’ (R), Nasb (N)
(Raf’) (Nasb)

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb Ism/place

(orang) (perbuatan) (tempat)/detail

- Whenever there is Fi’l, something happened, there is an action.

- The question occurs, who did it?
- The steps: i) Find the Fi’l Ans: entered
ii) Find who did it [Doer (pelaku) of the Fi’l ] Ans: teacher
(who did the act?)

- A doer (teacher) has a Raf’ (R) status.

- The classroom is the detail of the Fi’l. Detail has a Nasb (N) status.
(The classroom is not Raf’ bcoz it is not doing anything.) 41
 Examples: Ism - Status; Raf’ (R), Nasb (N) & Jarr (J)

(Raf’) (Jarr) (Nasb)

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb Ism/adverb (kata

(orang) (perbuatan) keterangan)/detail

- The steps: i) Find the Fi’l Ans: was sleeping

ii) Find who did it [Doer (pelaku) of the Fi’l ] Ans: Student
(who did the act?)

- A doer (student) has a Raf’ (R) status.

- The soundly is the detail of the Fi’l. Detail has a Nasb (N) status.
- The ‘his’ the word that comes after ‘of’ has a Jarr (J) status 42
 Possible questions about the sentence

A Question from the

Internet
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 Example: Possible questions about the sentence
Example
Status
DOER (R)

Questioning for
Types of Questions

(N)

It doesn’t address Raf’ or Nasb

becoz there is no verb word
(sleeping). However, it
addresses the Jarr (J).
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 Example of a Question

What about a question like

…….Whose student was sleeping?

In this case, we are not focusing on the act

anymore or detail but rather on the owner
which is not the main question.

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Example: A sentence with Raf’ only

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb
(orang) (perbuatan)

There is no Nasb and Jarr

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 More Example: Possible questions about the sentence
Fi’l/Verb
N
R (perbuatan)
Example Status
DOER (R)

Questioning for
Types of Questions

(N)

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Note
• A thorough understanding of the fundamental concept of
R/N/J of sentences in English is critical as it will help
understand complex Arabic structures ayah in the Quran.

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 Examples: Ism - Status; Raf’ (R), Nasb (N)
(Raf’) (Nasb)

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb Ism/object

(orang) (perbuatan) (benda)/detail

- The steps: i) Find the Fi’l Ans: threw

ii) Find who did it [Doer (pelaku) of the Fi’l ] Ans: teacher
(who did the act?)

- A doer (teacher) has a Raf’ (R) status.

- The pencil is the detail of the Fi’l. Detail has a Nasb (N) status.
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 Examples: Ism - Status; Raf’ (R), Nasb (N) & Jarr (J)

(Jarr) (Raf’) (Nasb)

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb Ism/adverb (kata

(orang) (perbuatan) keterangan)
/detail
- The steps: i) Find the Fi’l Ans: woke up
ii) Find who did it [Doer (pelaku) of the Fi’l ] Ans: Student
(who did the act?)

- A doer (student) has a Raf’ (R) status. (Note: the doer is not necessary the first word.)
- The suddenly is the detail of the Fi’l. Detail has a Nasb (N) status.
- The ‘ teacher’s ’ the word that comes after ‘of’ (student of the teacher) has a Jarr (J)
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status
Examples: Rewriting the sentence

J (Jarr) R (Raf’) N (Nasb)

Ism/Person Fi’l/Verb Ism/adverb (kata

(orang) (perbuatan) keterangan)
/detail

R (Raf’) J (Jarr)

N (Nasb)
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Exercise

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 Pg 3

The steps:
1- identify the Fi’L/Verb
( Fi’L/Verb)

2- Identify R/N/J :
R – Doer
N – Nasb
J - Jarr

Leave
out 53
Pg 3

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The complete answer and explanation; - (1 to 10)
Sentences Notes
- J (Jarr) indicates
ownership. i.e. teacher
of mine.
Fi’l
- Or: has no meaning by
itself, therefore it is Harf
(H).
Fi’l
- When a noun (Ism) is
Nasb, the adverb
(happily) is Nasb as
Fi’l well.
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 Sentences Notes
- When a noun (Ism) is
5) My te Nasb, the adjective
Fi’l (yummy) is Nasb as
well.
- Also will be dealt
with later. For now, it
is part of the Fi’l.

- Also can also be

Fi’l
considered as the
6) Nasb but will be dealt
with later.
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 Sentences Notes
- Sometimes detail comes
with a harf (for his class)
7) which is a special
Fi’l Nasb/detail that will be
dealt with later.
- Similarly for “I met you
at the airport” becoz it
(N)
answer where did I meet.

8)
Fi’l
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 Sentences Notes
- Patiently is an adverb
which is a noun/ism and
9) -
is a detail/Nasb.
Hard is the adjective of
Fi’l the concepts (noun/ism),
therefore is also a Nasb

- May and forgive make up

one Fi’l
Fi’l Fi’l
10)

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A reminder that motivates us to be istiqamah…in learning Arabic

Sebaik-baik kamu ialah orang yang

belajar Al-Quran dan mengajarkannya
kepada orang lain
[Riwayat al-Bukhari (5027)]

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End of Slides

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