Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sudirman 2018 IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 420 012089
Sudirman 2018 IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 420 012089
- Quasicrystals
C Janot and J M Dubois
'DWDPLQLQJWRROV_UDSLGPLQHU.PHDQVPHWKRGRQFOXVWHULQJRIULFHFURSV
E\SURYLQFHDVHIIRUWVWRVWDELOL]HIRRGFURSVLQ,QGRQHVLD
6XGLUPDQ$JXV3HUGDQD:LQGDUWRDQG$QMDU:DQWR
8QLYHUVLW\RI%XQJ.DUQR-DNDUWD,QGRQHVLD
67,.207XQDV%DQJVD3HPDWDQJVLDQWDU0HGDQ,QGRQHVLD
VGU#JPDLOFRPDJXVSHUGDQD#DPLNWXQDVEDQJVDDFLG
DQMDUZDQWR#DPLNWXQDVEDQJVDDFLG
$EVWUDFW ,QGRQHVLD LV DQ DJULFXOWXUHEDVHG FRXQWU\ $JULFXOWXUH LV D VHFWRU WKDW
EHFRPHV WKH EDFNERQH RI ,QGRQHVLD V HFRQRPLF GHYHORSPHQW DQG LPSURYHPHQW
)RRG VHFXULW\ LV RQH RI WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW RI IDUPV 7KHUH DUH VHYHUDO W\SHV RI
IRRGFURSVWKDWEHFRPHLPSRUWDQWFRPPRGLWLHVIRUWKHQDWLRQRI,QGRQHVLDQDPHO\
ULFHFRUQSHDQXWJUHHQEHDQVFDVVDYDDQGVZHHWSRWDWRHV7KLVUHVHDUFKGDWDLV
VRXUFHG IURP %366WDWLVWLF KWWSVZZZESVJRLG 7KLV UHVHDUFK UDLVHG WKH
WRSLFRIULFHFURSVFOXVWHULQJE\SURYLQFH XVLQJGDWDPLQLQJZLWK.
PHDQV PHWKRG 7KH PHWKRG XVHG ZLWK WKH KHOS RI UDSLGPLQHU VRIWZDUH 7KH
VDPSOH GDWD XVHG DUH SURYLQFHV LQ ,QGRQHVLD ZLWK SDUDPHWHUV QDPHO\
ODFN RI +DUYHVW $UHD KHFWDUHV 3URGXFWLYLW\ TXLQWDO KHFWDUH DQG
3URGXFWLRQ WRQ &OXVWHU UHVXOWV XVLQJ FOXVWHUV & KLJK SURGXFWLRQ FOXVWHU
& QRUPDO SURGXFWLRQ FOXVWHU DQG & ORZ SURGXFWLRQ FOXVWHU %DVHG RQ WKH
UHVHDUFKUHVXOWVREWDLQHG & KLJKSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU SURYLQFHV & QRUPDO
SURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU SURYLQFHVDQG & ORZSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU SURYLQFHV
7KLVVWXG\DOVRXVHVSHUIRUPDQFHWRVHH WKH DFFXUDF\RIWKH DOJRULWKPXVHG
ZLWK WKH UHVHDUFK WRSLF )URP WKH UHVXOW RI DFFXUDF\ XVLQJ SDUDPHWHU DYHUDJH
ZLWKLQ FHQWURLG GLVWDQFH DQG 'DYLHV %RXOGLQ REWDLQHG 'DYLHV%RXOGLQ LQGH[ IRU
ULFHSODQWLV%DVHGRQWKHVHSHUIRUPDQFHUHVXOWVFDQEHVXPPHGXSDVWKH
EHVWDOJRULWKPEDVHGRQFULWHULD7KHORZHVWFOXVWHUFOXVWHULQJ & $FHK1RUWK
6XPDWHUD :HVW 6XPDWHUD 6RXWK 6XPDWHUD /DPSXQJ :HVW 1XVD 7HQJJDUD
6RXWK .DOLPDQWDQ DQG 6RXWK 6XODZHVL DUH LQSXW LQSXWV WR WKH JRYHUQPHQW WR
SURYLGH VRFLDOL]DWLRQ WR WKH SURYLQFH WR LQFUHDVH ULFH SURGXFWLRQ LV RQH RI WKH
FRPPRGLWLHVRI,QGRQHVLDQSHRSOHHVSHFLDOO\ULFH
,QWURGXFWLRQ
,QGRQHVLDLVDFRXQWU\EDVHGRQDJULFXOWXUH$JULFXOWXUHLVDVHFWRUWKDWEHFDPHWKHEDFNERQH
LQWKHGHYHORSPHQW DQGLPSURYHPHQWRIWKH,QGRQHVLDQ HFRQRP\$JULFXOWXUDOGHYHORSPHQW
FDQQRWEHVHSDUDWHGIURPWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIUXUDODUHDVWKDWSXWDJULFXOWXUHDVWKHPDLQGULYHU
RI WKH HFRQRP\ /DQG ODERU SRWHQWLDO DQG UXUDO ORFDO HFRQRPLF EDVH DUH D PDMRU IDFWRU LQ
DJULFXOWXUDO GHYHORSPHQW ,QGRQHVLD LV DOVR NQRZQ DV DQ DJUDULDQ FRXQWU\ D FRXQWU\ ZKHUH
PRVWRIWKHSRSXODWLRQKDVOLYHOLKRRGVLQYDULRXVILHOGVRIDJULFXOWXUHVXFKDVFXOWLYDWLRQRI
IRRG FURSV &URSV LQFOXGLQJ IRRG FRPPRGLWLHV DUH IRRG FURSV QRQKRUWLFXOWXUDO FURSV DQG
RWKHUFURSVSURGXFLQJUDZPDWHULDOVIRUIRRGSURGXFWV7KHUHVXOWVRIFXOWLYDWLRQRIIRRGFURSV
DUHXVHGWRPHHWWKHQHHGVRIIRRGLWVHOI7KHUHDUHVHYHUDOW\SHVRIIRRGFURSVWKDWEHFRPH
LPSRUWDQWFRPPRGLWLHVIRUWKHQDWLRQRI,QGRQHVLDQDPHO\5LFH&RUQ3HDQXW*UHHQEHDQV
&DVVDYD DQG 6ZHHW SRWDWRHV 7KLV VWXG\ H[DPLQHVULFH FURSV ZLWK DVVHVVPHQW SDUDPHWHUV RI
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution
of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
KDUYHVW DUHD KHFWDUHV SURGXFWLYLW\ TXLQWDOKHFWDUH DQG SURGXFWLRQ WRQ 7KH ELJJHVW
SUREOHPIDFHGE\WKH,QGRQHVLDQQDWLRQFXUUHQWO\OLHVLQWKHDJULFXOWXUDOVHFWRUWKHLPEDODQFH
EHWZHHQ WKH SRSXODWLRQ DQG WKH LQFUHDVLQJO\ XQEDODQFHG DYDLODELOLW\ RI IRRG ODQG WRGD\ KDV
IRUFHG WKH JRYHUQPHQW WR WKLQN DERXW WKH VROXWLRQ IRU WKH DJULFXOWXUHVHFWRU HVSHFLDOO\ IRRG
FURSVWKDWEHFRPHWKHFRPPRGLW\RI,QGRQHVLDQVRFLHW\WREHPDLQWDLQHG7KHDLPLVWRNQRZ
WKHSRWHQWLDODUHDVRIIRRGFURSVLQ,QGRQHVLDHVSHFLDOO\ULFHFURSV
&OXVWHULQJLVRQHRIFODVVLFSUREOHPVLQSDWWHUQUHFRJQLWLRQLPDJHSURFHVVLQJ>@PDFKLQH
OHDUQLQJ DQG VWDWLVWLFV >@±>@ ,WV DLP LV WR SDUWLWLRQ D FROOHFWLRQ RI SDWWHUQV LQWR GLVMRLQW
FOXVWHUVVXFKWKDWSDWWHUQVLQWKHVDPHFOXVWHUDUHVLPLODUKRZHYHUSDWWHUQVEHORQJLQJWRWZR
GLIIHUHQW FOXVWHUV DUH GLVVLPLODU>@ &OXVWHULQJ WHFKQLTXH>@ >@ FDQ EH XVHG DV D PHWKRG LQ
FODVVLI\LQJWH[WGRFXPHQWVWKDWKDYHVLPLODUFRQWHQWDQGWKHPHRIWKHWH[W,QDFOXVWHULQJRI
GRFXPHQWVDVHWRIGRFXPHQWVWKDWKDYHQRWEHHQODEHOHGLWVFODVVZLOOEHJURXSHGDFFRUGLQJ
WRWKHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIZRUGVWKDWHDFKGRFXPHQWKDVWRSHUIRUPWKHFOXVWHULQJSURFHVVWKHUH
LVDQDOJRULWKPWKDWLVRIWHQXVHGEHFDXVHRILWVUHODWLYHO\IDVWDQGHDV\WRDGDSWWKH.0HDQV
DOJRULWKP
2QHPHWKRGWKDWFDQEHXVHGWRVROYHWKHSUREOHPLVWKH.0HDQVPHWKRG>@.0HDQVLV
DQRQKLHUDUFKLFDOGDWDFOXVWHULQJ PHWKRG WKDW DWWHPSWVWRSDUWLWLRQH[LVWLQJGDWDLQWRRQHRU
PRUHFOXVWHUV.0HDQVLVWKHVLPSOHVWDQGPRVWFRPPRQFOXVWHULQJPHWKRG>@±>@%DVHG
RQWKHDERYHSUREOHPWKHUHVHDUFKHUZDQWHGWRGRUHVHDUFKDERXWWKHFOXVWHULQJRIIRRGSODQWV
E\ SURYLQFH ZKHUH WKH GDWD XVHG FDPH IURP WKH &HQWUDO %XUHDX RI 6WDWLVWLFV
KWWSVESVJRLG ,WLVH[SHFWHGWKDWWKHUHVXOWVRIWKLVVWXG\FDQIDFLOLWDWHWKHJRYHUQPHQWLQ
FDOFXODWLQJDJULFXOWXUDOSURGXFWVLQHDFKUHJLRQWRNQRZZKLFKSURYLQFHVSURGXFHFURSVWKDW
DUH PDQ\ PHGLXP DQG IHZ 7KLV UHVXOW FDQ EH DQ LQSXW IRU WKH JRYHUQPHQW WR VWULYH
FRQWLQXRXVO\LQVWDELOL]LQJIRRGFURSVFRPPRGLWLHVLQ,QGRQHVLD
/LWHUDWXUH5HYLHZ
2.1. Data Mining
'DWD PLQLQJ LV D SURFHVV WKDW XVHV D YDULHW\ RI GDWD DQDO\VLV WHFKQLTXHV DQG WRROV WR
GLVFRYHU KLGGHQ UHODWLRQVKLSV DQG SDWWHUQV 7KH EDVLF DSSURDFK LQ 'DWD PLQLQJ LV WR
VXPPDUL]HWKHGDWDDQGWRH[WUDFWUHDVRQDEOHDQGSUHYLRXVO\XQNQRZQXVHIXOLQIRUPDWLRQ>@
2.2. Clustering
&OXVWHULQJ PHWKRGV DUH D IDPLO\ RI ZLGHO\ XVHG PRGHO VHOHFWLRQ WHFKQLTXHV IRU GDWD
FOXVWHULQJ 7KHLU XQLI\LQJ WKHPH LV WKDW DQ DSSURSULDWH PRGHO VKRXOG UHVXOW LQ D FOXVWHULQJ
ZKLFKLVUREXVWZLWKUHVSHFWWRYDULRXVNLQGVRISHUWXUEDWLRQV'HVSLWHWKHLUUHODWLYHVXFFHVV
QRW PXFK LV NQRZQ WKHRUHWLFDOO\ RQ ZK\ RU ZKHQ GR WKH\ ZRUN RU HYHQ ZKDW NLQG RI
DVVXPSWLRQVWKH\PDNHLQFKRRVLQJDQµDSSURSULDWH¶PRGHO>@&OXVWHULQJLVDZLGHO\XVHG
WHFKQLTXH LQ FRPSXWHU VFLHQFH ZLWK DSSOLFDWLRQV WR XQVX SHUYLVHG OHDUQLQJ FODVVLILFDWLRQ
GDWD PLQLQJ DQG RWKHU ILHOG>@ 7\SHV RI FOXVWHULQJ DOJRULWKPV D +LHUDUFKLFDO FOXVWHULQJ
DOJRULWKP E .PHDQV FOXVWHULQJ DOJRULWKP F 'HQVLW\ EDVHG FOXVWHULQJ DOJRULWKP G 6HOI
RUJDQL]DWLRQPDSV 620 DQGH (0FOXVWHULQJ$OJRULWKP>@
2.3. K-Means
.PHDQV LV RQH RI WKH VLPSOHVW XQVXSHUYLVHG OHDUQLQJ DOJRULWKPV WKDW VROYHWKH ZHOO NQRZQ
FOXVWHULQJSUREOHP>@ $V PHQWLRQHGSUHYLRXVO\FOXVWHULQJ PHDQV WKH GLYLVLRQRIDGDWDVHW
LQWR D QXPEHU RI JURXSV VXFK WKDW VLPLODU LWHPV IDOOV RU EHORQJ WR VDPH JURXSV ,Q RUGHU WR
FOXVWHUWKHGDWDEDVH.PHDQVDOJRULWKPXVHVDQLWHUDWLYHDSSURDFK>@
2
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
0HWKRGRORJ\
7KHGHVLJQRIULFHFURSFOXVWHULQJV\VWHPE\SURYLQFHFDQEHVHHQLQWKHIROORZLQJILJXUH
7KH GHVLJQ LQFOXGHV VHOHFWLRQ RI LQSXW GRFXPHQWV LQLWLDO SURFHVVHV GRFXPHQW GDWDEDVH
SDWWHUQGLVFRYHU\ZLWKNPHDQVFOXVWHULQJDOJRULWKPVDQGRXWSXWIRUPVRIWKHV\VWHP
)LJXUH'HVLJQRIULFHFURSFOXVWHULQJV\VWHPE\SURYLQFH
7KHGHVFULSWLRQRIILJXUH
D ,QSXW'RFXPHQW
,QSXWIURPWKHV\VWHPLVDQLPSRUWDQWSDUWRIGDWDSURFHVVLQJUHODWHGWR5LFHFURSV
7KHILOHW\SHXVHGLV[OV
E ,QLWLDO3URVHV
7KHLQLWLDOSURFHVVLQFOXGHVWKHILOWHULQJVWDJH$WWKHILOWHULQJVWDJHDOOGDWDWKDWKDV
SDVVHGWKHILOWHULQJSURFHVVKHUHLQDIWHUUHIHUUHGWRDVWHUP
F 'RFXPHQW'DWDEDVH
)RUWKHPHPRU\HIILFLHQF\DQGDFFXUDF\RIWKHSDWWHUQGLVFRYHU\WKHQWKHWKUHVKROGRI
WKHQXPEHURIWHUPVZLOOEHPDLQWDLQHGLQWKHPDWUL[2QO\WKRVHWHUPVWKDWKDYHWKH
VWURQJHVW SRWHQWLDO WR FKDUDFWHUL]H WKH JURXS ZLOO EH WKH PDWHULDO LQ WKH QH[W VWDJH RI
WKHSDWWHUQGLVFRYHU\
G 3DWWHUQ'LVFRYHU\
&OXVWHU DQDO\VLV LV WKH PRVW DSSURSULDWH WHFKQLTXH IRU REWDLQLQJ ODUJH JURXSV RI
H[LVWLQJUHVHDUFKWRSLFV7KHNPHDQVFOXVWHULQJDOJRULWKPZDVWKHQXVHGLQWKHVWXG\
WR IDFLOLWDWH WKH JURXS V DQDO\VLV 7KH NPHDQV FOXVWHULQJ DOJRULWKP EHJLQV ZLWK
GHWHUPLQLQJWKHQXPEHURIFOXVWHUVWREHIRUPHG VHHILJXUH
)LJXUH)ORZFKDUWRI.PHDQVFOXVWHULQJ
3
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
H 2XWSXW
7KHUHVXOWRIFOXVWHULQJIURPNPHDQVFOXVWHULQJVWDJHLVSUHGHWHUPLQHGFOXVWHUV
5HVXOWV$QG'LVFXVVLRQ
4.1. Data Collection
,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRIGDWDPLQLQJRQULFHFURSVXVLQJWKH.PHDQVPHWKRGXVHVDVVHVVPHQW
DWWULEXWHV VXFK DV +DUYHVW $UHD KHFWDUH 3URGXFWLYLW\ TXLQWDO KHFWDUH DQG 3URGXFWLRQ
WRQ 7KH GDWD XVHG DUH ULFH FURSV EDVHG RQ SURYLQFH RULJLQDWLQJ IURP &HQWUDO
%XUHDX RI 6WDWLVWLFV KWWSESVJRLG 'DWD ZLOO EH SURFHVVHG LQ FOXVWHUV & KLJK
SURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU & QRUPDOSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHUDQG & ORZSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU
4
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
)LJXUH'HVLJQRI.PHDQVDOJRULWKPXVDJHZLWKYDOXH.
)LJXUHGHVFULEHVWKHILUVWUHDGDQGUHDGH[FHOPRGHOUHDGXVLQJH[FHOGDWDLQIRUPDWLRQ
UHODWHG WR UHDG H[FHO SULQW E\ PRGHO 7KHQ WKH PRGHO FDQ EH DSSOLHG WR H[FHO UHDG PRUH
QRUPDOO\IRUSUHGLFWLRQ$OOQHFHVVDU\SDUDPHWHUVDUHVWRUHGLQWKHREMHFWPRGHO,QWKLVFDVH
UHVHDUFKHUVXVHGSURYLQFHVRIVDPSOHGDWDRQULFHFURSVZLWKDWWULEXWHVQDPHO\KDUYHVW
DUHD SURGXFWLYLW\ DQG SURGXFWLRQ %DVHG RQ WKH GHVLJQ RI ILJXUH UDSLGPLQHU WRROV ZLOO
FODVVLI\ WKH IRRG FXOWLYDWLRQ DUHD EDVHG RQ WKH FOXVWHUV WKDW KDYH EHHQ PDGH 7KH ILQDO
FOXVWHULQJUHVXOWVFDQEHVHHQLQWKHLPDJHEHORZ
5
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
)LJXUH5HVXOWV&OXVWHULQJ
,QILJXUHWKHUHVXOWVRIWKHFOXVWHULQJRIULFHIRRGFURSVE\SURYLQFHZLWK5DSLG0LQHUWRROV
SURYLQFHV & KLJKSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHUSURYLQFHV & QRUPDOSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHUDQG
SURYLQFHV & ORZSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU,QWKLVFDVHWKHSURYLQFHVSURGXFLQJWKHKLJKHVWULFH
FURSVDUH&HQWUDO-DYD(DVW-DYDDQG:HVW-DYD
)LJXUH7KHILQDO&HQWURLGYDOXHDWWKHODVWLWHUDWLRQ
,Q ILJXUH WKH FHQWHU YDOXH RI WKH FOXVWHU FRQWLQXHV WR FKDQJH EDVHG RQ WKH QXPEHU RI
LWHUDWLRQV SHUIRUPHG WKLV KDSSHQV EHFDXVH WKH GLVWDQFH RI HDFK GDWD WR HDFK FHQWURLG WKDW
PHDVXUHV WKH GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ WKH GDWD ZLWK WKH FOXVWHU FHQWHU XVLQJ HXFOLGLDQ LV DOZD\V
GLIIHUHQWRQHDFKLWHUDWLRQ,QWKHFDVHRIFOXVWHULQJRIULFHFURSVE\SURYLQFHWKHSURFHVVHQGV
LQ WKH UG LWHUDWLRQ 7KLV PHDQV WKDW WKH QG DQG UG LWHUDWLRQ FOXVWHU YDOXHV KDYH WKH VDPH
QXPEHURIFOXVWHUV
)LJXUH5HVXOWVRI.PHDQVZLWKUDSLGPLQHU
6
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”
2QH RI WKH RSHUDWRUVXVHG WR PHDVXUH .PHDQV DFFXUDF\ SHUIRUPDQFH SHUIRUPDQFH LV
XVHG IRU SHUIRUPDQFH HYDOXDWLRQ RI FHQWURLGEDVHG FOXVWHULQJ PHWKRGV 7KH SHUIRUPDQFH
PHDVXUHPHQWSDUDPHWHUVDUHDYJBZLWKLQBFHQWURLGBGLVWDQFHDQGGDYLHVBERXOGLQ$VVHVVPHQW
RI WKH 3HUIRUPDQFH PHDVXUHPHQW SDUDPHWHUV DUH avg._within_centroid_distance DQG
davies_bouldin$VVHVVPHQWSDUDPHWHULVDQDOJRULWKPWKDWSURGXFHVFOXVWHUVZLWKORZLQWUD
FOXVWHU GLVWDQFH DQG KLJK LQWHUFOXVWHU VSDFLQJ ORZ LQWHUFOXVWHU VLPLODULW\ ZLOO KDYH D ORZ
'DYLHV%RXOGLQ LQGH[ D FOXVWHULQJ DOJRULWKP WKDW SURGXFHV D VHW RI JURXSV ZLWK WKH 'DYLHV
LQGH[7KHVPDOOHVWEXQGOHLVFRQVLGHUHGWKHEHVWDOJRULWKPEDVHGRQWKHFULWHULD7KHUHVXOWV
REWDLQHGRQWKH'DYLHV%RXOGLQLQGH[IRUULFHFURSVDUHEDVHGRQWKHUHVXOWVRIWKHVH
SHUIRUPDQFHFDQEHVXPPHGXSDVWKHEHVWDOJRULWKPEDVHGRQFULWHULD
)LJXUH3HUIRUPDQFHDFFXUDF\3HUIRUPDQFH
&RQFOXVLRQ
&OXVWHULQJRIULFHFURSVEDVHGRQSURYLQFHVLQ,QGRQHVLDFDQEHGRQHZLWKGDWDPLQLQJ'DWD
PLQLQJ PHWKRG XVHG LV .PHDQV E\ XWLOL]LQJ 5DSLG0LQHU WRROV %DVHG RQ DVVHVVPHQW
DWWULEXWHV +DUYHVW $UHD 3URGXFWLYLW\ DQG 3URGXFWLRQ FOXVWHULQJ XVHV FOXVWHUV QDPHO\
& KLJKSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU & QRUPDOSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHUDQG & ORZSURGXFWLRQFOXVWHU
)URP WKH FOXVWHULQJ UHVXOWV SURYLQFHV DUH ORFDWHG LQ & /RZ 3URGXFWLRQ &OXVWHU 7KH
SURYLQFHV DUH Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, South Sumatera, Lampung, West
Nusa Tenggara, South Kalimantan and South Sulawesi 7KH UHVXOWV RI WKLV VWXG\ FDQ
SURYLGH LQSXW WR WKH JRYHUQPHQW WR SURYLGH VRFLDOL]DWLRQ WR WKH SURYLQFH WR LQFUHDVH WKH
SURGXFWLRQ RI ULFH FURSV JLYHQ WKH IRRG FURS LV RQH FRPPRGLW\ RI ,QGRQHVLDQ VRFLHW\
HVSHFLDOO\ULFH
5HIHUHQFHV
>@ 5 5DKLP 7 $IULOLDQV\DK + :LQDWD ' 1RIULDQV\DK 5DWQDGHZL DQG 6 $U\]D
³5HVHDUFK RI )DFH 5HFRJQLWLRQ ZLWK )LVKHU /LQHDU 'LVFULPLQDQW´ IOP Conf. Ser.
Mater. Sci. Eng.YROS
>@ % 3 ³$ VXUYH\ RI FOXVWHULQJ GDWD PLQLQJ WHFKQLTXHV ,Q .RJDQ - 1LFKRODV &
7HERXOOH 0 HGV *URXSLQJ PXOWL GLPHQVLRQDO GDWD UHFHQW DGYDQFHV LQ FOXVWHULQJ´
Springer, BerlinSS±
>@ -$.³'DWDFOXVWHULQJ\HDUVEH\RQG.PHDQV´LQPattern Recognit Lett 31
SS±
>@ 3 KDUOLDQD DQG 5 5DKLP ³&RPSDUDWLYH $QDO\VLV RI 0HPEHUVKLS )XQFWLRQ RQ
0DPGDQL)X]]\,QIHUHQFH6\VWHPIRU'HFLVLRQ0DNLQJ´J. Phys. Conf. Ser.YRO
QRS'HF
>@ ' 6LUHJDU ' $ULVDQGL $ 8VPDQ ' ,UZDQ DQG 5 5DKLP ³5HVHDUFK RI 6LPSOH
7
2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012089 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012089
1234567890‘’“”