You are on page 1of 8

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

PAPER • OPEN ACCESS You may also like


- Development of Risk-Based Standardized
Development of work breakdown structure Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to
Improve Quality Planning of Drainage
standard based on risk for safety planning on dam Construction Work
Budiarto Pasaribu, Yusuf Latief and Leni
Sagita Riantini
construction work
- Development of dictionary and checklist
based on Work Breakdown Structure
To cite this article: Defi Nurul Hidayah et al 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 420 012003 (WBS) at seaport project construction for
cost estimation planning
A A Ilmi, L S R Supriadi, Y Latief et al.

- Recent progress of heterostructures based


on two dimensional materials and wide
View the article online for updates and enhancements. bandgap semiconductors
Ying Liu, Yanjun Fang, Deren Yang et al.

This content was downloaded from IP address 202.21.120.187 on 13/10/2022 at 01:08




2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”



'HYHORSPHQW RI ZRUN EUHDNGRZQ VWUXFWXUH VWDQGDUG EDVHG RQ ULVN IRU
VDIHW\SODQQLQJRQGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN

'HIL1XUXO+LGD\DK<XVXI/DWLHI/HQL6DJLWD5LDQWLQL

'HSDUWPHQWRI&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ,QGRQHVLD8QLYHUVLW\-DNDUWD,QGRQHVLD

GHILBKLGD\DK#\DKRRFRLGODWLHI#HQJXLDFLGOVDJLWD#HQJXLDFLG

$EVWUDFW :RUN DFWLYLWLHV RQ FRQVWUXFWLRQ SURMHFWV FDQ H[SHULHQFH GLVUXSWLRQV
FDXVHG E\ YDULRXV WKLQJV RQH RI WKH FDXVHV LV WKH RFFXUUHQFHRI ZRUN DFFLGHQWV
,GHQWLILFDWLRQ DQG HDUO\ DQDO\VLV RI SRWHQWLDO KD]DUGV LQ HDFK ZRUN SDFNHW ZRUN
PHWKRGV ZRUN DFWLYLWLHV UHVRXUFHV DQG HQYLURQPHQWV LQ WKH :%6 :RUN
%UHDNGRZQ 6WUXFWXUH  FDQ SUHYHQW ZRUN DFFLGHQWV 7KXV WKH QHHG IRU :%6
VWDQGDUGL]DWLRQLVYHU\LPSRUWDQWLQSUHVHQWLQJWKHDVVHVVPHQWRIULVNLPSDFWDQG
IUHTXHQF\ DULVLQJ IURP ZRUNSODFH DFFLGHQWV 7KH SXUSRVH RI WKLV VWXG\ ZDV WR
GHYHORSDULVNEDVHG:%6VWDQGDUGIRUVDIHW\SODQQLQJRQGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQ7KH
UHVXOWV RI WKLV VWXG\ DUH :%6 VWDQGDUGV LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ PHWKRGV DFWLYLWLHV
SRWHQWLDO KD]DUG ULVNV VDIHW\ SODQQLQJ XVLQJ ULVNEDVHG :%6 VWDQGDUGV :%6
GLFWLRQDULHV DQG :%6 FKHFNOLVWV RQ GDP FRQVWUXFWLRQ ZRUN DV DQ HIIRUW LQ
SUHYHQWLQJUHGXFLQJRUHOLPLQDWLQJWKHDFFLGHQWLQGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN

,QWURGXFWLRQ
7KHSRWHQWLDORIZDWHUUHVRXUFHVLQ,QGRQHVLDLVYHU\ODUJHUHDFKHVELOOLRQFXELFPHWHUV
SHU \HDU DQG WKH SRWHQWLDO RI K\GURHOHFWULF SRZHU RI  0: %XW WKDW KDV EHHQ XWLOL]HG
DERXWELOOLRQFXELFPHWHUVSHU\HDU%HVLGHVWKHXQHYHQGLVWULEXWLRQRIZDWHUEHWZHHQWKH
ZHVWHUQ UHJLRQ ZLWK WKH HDVWHUQ UHJLRQ WKH ZHVWHUQ UHJLRQ LV ODUJHU WKDQ WKH HDVWHUQ UHJLRQ
7KXVGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQLVUHTXLUHGWKURXJKRXW,QGRQHVLD>@$OWKRXJKGDPSURYLGHHQRUPRXV
EHQHILWVWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQLVQRWZLWKRXWULVNRIIDLOXUH7KHUHIRUHGDPVDIHW\LVDPDWWHUWKDW
QHHGVDWWHQWLRQ
&RQVWUXFWLRQRIGDPSURMHFWVLVDFRPSOH[VHULHVRIZRUNDFWLYLWLHVDQGUHTXLUHVFDXWLRQLQ
LWVFRQVWUXFWLRQZKLFKLVOLPLWHGE\WLPHUHVRXUFHVDQGVHOHFWLRQRIDSSURSULDWHFRQVWUXFWLRQ
PHWKRGV'XHWRLWVFRPSOH[LW\WKHVXFFHVVRIDSURMHFWLVVWURQJO\LQIOXHQFHGE\WKHGHILQLQJ
SKDVH RI WKH SURMHFW DQG SURMHFW VFRSH 7KH QH[W VWDJH DIWHU GHILQLQJ WKH VFRSH LV WKH
SUHSDUDWLRQRI:%6 :RUN%UHDNGRZQ6WUXFWXUH 2QHFRPPRQDSSURDFKXVHGE\WKHSURMHFW
WHDP WR FUHDWH :%6 LV WKH XVH RI SUHYLRXV :%6 SURMHFWV ZLWK VRPH FKDQJHV +RZHYHU
DOWKRXJKHDFKSURMHFWLVXQLTXHPRVWFDQEHVWDQGDUGL]HGWRHQDEOHWKHSURYLVLRQRIDVWURQJHU
IRUHFDVWEDVHIRUSURMHFWPDQDJHPHQW>@:%6KDVDPDMRUUROHLQDSURMHFWVRWKHFUHDWLRQ
RI :%6 LV DQ REOLJDWLRQ LQ SURMHFW PDQDJHPHQW ERWK LQ WKH SODQQLQJ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ
SKDVHV%XWLQSUDFWLFHLQ,QGRQHVLDWKHUHDUHVWLOOPDQ\SURMHFWVWKDWGRQRWXVH:%6RUUDUHO\
PDGH:%6LQWKHIRUPDOIRUP>@
(DFK:%6OHYHOWKDWKDVEHHQDVVLJQHGEULQJV:%6WRDPRUHFRPSOH[OHYHORIDFWLYLW\LQ
ZKLFKFDVHDFWLYLW\LVVHYHUHO\DIIHFWHGE\ULVN5LVNVZLOOKDYHDQLPSDFWRQWKHVDIHW\SODQ
$V SDUW RI WKH PDQDJHPHQW SURFHVV WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI ULVN PDQDJHPHQW LQ 60. WR
DVVLVWPDQDJHPHQWWRSUHYHQWORVVHVWKURXJKDFFXUDWHULVNPDQDJHPHQW,QULVNPDQDJHPHQW
ULVN DVVHVVPHQW LV YHU\ LQIOXHQWLDO LQ GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH FRQVHTXHQFHV RU H[SRVXUH RI SRWHQWLDO
KD]DUGV EHFDXVH WKURXJK ULVN DVVHVVPHQW WKH DFFLGHQW FDQ EH SUHYHQWHG RU HOLPLQDWHG >@

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution
of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”



5LVN PDQDJHPHQW LV WKH FRUH RI 60. WKHUHIRUH 2+6$6 DQG 33 QR UHTXLUHV WKH
H[LVWHQFHRIULVNPDQDJHPHQW
)XQGDPHQWDOO\ZRUNDFFLGHQWVFDQEHUHGXFHGLIDFWLYLWLHVRQWKHSURMHFWDUHZHOOGHILQHG
DQGZRUNSDFNDJHVFDQEHSODFHGDWOHYHOVDQGOHYHOVFRUUHVSRQGLQJWRDVWDQGDUGL]HG:%6
$WHDFKOHYHO:%6OHDGVWRDPRUHFRPSOH[OHYHORIDFWLYLW\WKDWLVKHDYLO\DIIHFWHGE\ULVN
DQG KDV DQ LPSDFW RQ WKH VDIHW\ SODQ,Q DQ\ DFWLYLW\ WKDW KDV EHHQ FODVVLILHG XQGHU :%6
VWDQGDUGVLWLVHDVLHUWRLGHQWLI\SRWHQWLDOULVNVDQGFRQWUDFWRUVFDQPDNHULVNPLWLJDWLRQIRUPV
IURPH[LVWLQJULVNVRXUFHVVRLWLVLPSRUWDQWWRGHYHORSD:RUN%UHDNGRZQ6WUXFWXUDO :%6 
VWDQGDUG IRU D ULVNEDVHG VDIHW\ SODQ VR WKDW LW LV H[SHFWHG WR REWDLQ XVDEOH RXWSXWV DV D
FRQVWUXFWLRQJXLGHOLQH

5HVHDUFK2EMHFWLYHV
7KHREMHFWLYHVRIWKLVUHVHDUFKDUH
D 7RFUHDWH:%6VWDQGDUGVIRUGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQ 54 
E 7RLGHQWLI\WKHZRUNLQJPHWKRGHIRUHDFKGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNSDFNDJH 54 
F 7RLGHQWLI\WKHDFWLYLWLHVRIHDFKGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNSDFNDJH 54 
G 7RLGHQWLI\WKHUHVRXUFHVIRUHDFKGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQDFWLYLW\ 54 
H 7RLGHQWLI\WKHULVNWKDWFRPHIURPZRUNSDFNDJHVDFWLYLWLHVDQGUHVRXUFHVWKDWDIIHFW
WKHVDIHW\SHUIRUPDQFHRIGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN 54 
I 7R GHYHORS RI ULVNEDVHG :%6 VWDQGDUGV XVHG WR GHYHORS VDIHW\ SODQV IRU GDP
FRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN 54 
J 7R FUHDWH :%6 GLFWLRQDU\ EDVHG RQ WKHQHHGV XVHGWR GHYHORS D VDIHW\ SODQ RQ GDP
FRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN 54 
K 7RFUHDWH:%6FKHFNOLVWIURPHYHU\:%6OHYHOWRWKHZRUNSDFNDJHV 54 

/LWHUDWXUH5HYLHZ
3.1. Work Breakdown Structure at Dam Construction
7KH:%6LVDKLHUDUFKLFDOGHFRPSRVLWLRQRIWKHWRWDOVFRSHRIZRUNWREHFDUULHGRXWE\WKH
SURMHFW WHDP WR DFFRPSOLVK WKH SURMHFW REMHFWLYHV DQG FUHDWH WKH UHTXLUHG GHOLYHUDEOHV7KH
SODQQHG ZRUN LV FRQWDLQHG ZLWKLQ WKH ORZHVW OHYHO RI :%6 FRPSRQHQWV ZKLFK DUH FDOOHG
ZRUNSDFNDJHV$ZRUNSDFNDJHFDQEHXVHGWRJURXSWKHDFWLYLWLHVZKHUHZRUNLVVFKHGXOHG
DQG HVWLPDWHG PRQLWRUHG DQG FRQWUROOHG>@7KH DSSURDFK IROORZHG E\ WKH SURMHFW WHDP LQ
WHUPV RI :%6 GHYHORSPHQW UHYROYHV DURXQG WKH SUHYLRXV :%6 ZLWK VRPH FKDQJHV WR
SURJUHVVLYH GHWDLOV RI WKH ZRUN UHTXLUHG IRU WKH SURMHFW WR WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI :%6EDVHG
GHOLYHUDEOHVZLWKDIRFXVRQWKHEDVLFIXQFWLRQDOLW\RIWKHILQDOSURGXFW>@
,QLWLDOLQSXWIRUWKHGHYHORSPHQW:%6RIGDPLVGRQHE\UHYLHZLQJWKHUHJXODWLRQVLQWKH
IRUP RI JXLGHOLQHV UHODWHG WR WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI GDP FRQVWUXFWLRQ VXFK DV(PEDQNPHQW
'DP&RQVWUXFWLRQ*XLGHOLQHVLVVXHGE\'HSDUWPHQWRI6HWWOHPHQWDQG5HJLRQDO,QIUDVWUXFWXUH
'LUHFWRUDWH *HQHUDO RI :DWHU 5HVRXUFHV 'LUHFWRUDWH RI 7HFKQLFDO 'HYHORSPHQW <HDU 
,QVWUXPHQWDWLRQ RI (PEDQNPHQW 'DP &RQVWUXFWLRQ *XLGHOLQHV LVVXHG E\ 'HSDUWPHQW RI
6HWWOHPHQWVDQG5HJLRQDO,QIUDVWUXFWXUHQXPEHU.3760<HDUDQG 5HJXODWLRQRI
WKH0LQLVWHURI3XEOLF:RUNVDQG3HRSOH V+RXVLQJ1RPRU3570DERXW*XLGHOLQHVIRU
$QDO\VLVRI3XEOLF:RUN8QLW:RUN8QLW3ULFHV
3.2. Risk Management
3URMHFW ULVN PDQDJHPHQW LV D V\VWHPDWLF SURFHVV RI SURMHFW ULVN LGHQWLILFDWLRQ DQDO\VLV
UHVSRQVHDQGFRQWURO5LVNPDQDJHPHQWLVDLPHGDWLQFUHDVLQJWKHSUREDELOLW\DQGRULPSDFW

2


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”



RISRVLWLYHULVNVDQGWRGHFUHDVLQJWKHSUREDELOLW\DQGRULPSDFWRIQHJDWLYHULVNVLQRUGHUWR
RSWLPL]HWKHSURMHFW VVXFFHVV>@,QULVNPDQDJHPHQWULVNDVVHVVPHQWLVYHU\LQIOXHQWLDOLQ
GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH FRQVHTXHQFHV RU H[SRVXUH RI SRWHQWLDO KD]DUGV EHFDXVH WKURXJK ULVN
DVVHVVPHQWWKHDFFLGHQWFDQEHSUHYHQWHGRUHOLPLQDWHG>@7KHUHIRUHWREHDEOHWRLGHQWLI\
ULVNV WKH FDWHJRUL]DWLRQ RI :%6 VWDUWV IURP WKH ZRUN SDFNDJH PHWKRG  GHVLJQ DFWLYLW\
PDWHULDOUHVRXUFHVWRROVDQGODERUDVZHOODVWKHHQYLURQPHQWDVDFDWHJRU\RIULVNHYHQWVWKDW
FDQDIIHFWWKHREMHFWLYHVRIVDIHW\SHUIRUPDQFH
3.3. Performance Concepts of Occupational Safety and Health
2FFXSDWLRQDOVDIHW\DQGKHDOWKKHUHLQDIWHUDEEUHYLDWHGDV.LVDOODFWLYLWLHVWRJXDUDQWHHDQG
SURWHFWWKHVDIHW\DQGKHDOWKRIWKHZRUNIRUFHWKURXJKSUHYHQWLRQRIRFFXSDWLRQDOLQMXULHVDQG
RFFXSDWLRQDOGLVHDVHV>@,QWKH0LQLVWU\RI3XEOLF:RUNVSURMHFWVWKHVDIHW\SODQLVNQRZQ
DV5.. &RQWUDFW6DIHW\3ODQ 5..LVDFRPSOHWHGRFXPHQWRI60.FRQVWUXFWLRQSODQ
RI3XEOLF:RUNVDQGFRQVWLWXWHVDXQLW\ZLWKFRQWUDFWGRFXPHQWRIDFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNPDGH
E\ WKH RZQHU DQG DSSURYHG E\ WKH FRQWUDFWRU WR IXUWKHU VHUYH DV D PHDQV RI LQWHUDFWLRQ
EHWZHHQ WKH RZQHU DQG WKH FRQWUDFWRU LQ WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI 60. SXEOLF ZRUNV
FRQVWUXFWLRQ
3.4. WBS Dictionary
7KH:%6GLFWLRQDU\LVDEULHIGHVFULSWLRQRIHDFKZRUNSDFNDJHWKDWLQFOXGHVDQH[SODQDWLRQ
RI WKH :%6 FRGH WKH :%6 OHYHO WKH MRE UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV WKH MRE SDFNDJH GHVFULSWLRQ WKH
GHOLYHUDEOHVUHIHUHQFHVRUMREUHIHUHQFHVDFWLYLWLHVDQGUHVRXUFHV7KH:%6GLFWLRQDU\XVHVD
IRUPDWWKDWVKRZVDKLHUDUFKLFDOUHODWLRQVKLS
3.5. WBS Checklist
7KH :%6 FKHFNOLVW FRQWDLQV D FKHFNLQJ JXLGH IURP HYHU\ :%6 OHYHO WR WKH ZRUN SDFNDJH
&KHFNOLVWLVDXVHIXOWRROLQPHDVXULQJWKHVXLWDELOLW\RI:%67KLVFKHFNUHIHUVWRWKHGHWDLOV
RIWKHDFWLYLWLHVWKDWH[LVWDWHDFKOHYHORIWKH:%6IURPWKH:%6GLDJUDPDQGEDVHGRQWKH
GHVFULSWLRQRIHDFKDFWLYLW\RIWKH:%6GLFWLRQDU\

0HWKRGRORJ\
7KLV UHVHDUFK ZDV FRQGXFWHG ZLWK TXDOLWDWLYH DSSURDFK WR DQVZHU WKH UHVHDUFK REMHFWLYHV
VXUYH\V DQG LQWHUYLHZV ZHUH FRQGXFWHG XVLQJ VWUXFWXUHG TXHVWLRQQDLUHV WR GDP FRQVWUXFWLRQ
H[SHUWV ZLWK PRUH WKDQ  \HDUV RI H[SHULHQFH 7KH UHVHDUFK IORZ GLDJUDP FDQ EH VHHQ LQ
ILJXUH

3


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”




)LJXUH7KHUHVHDUFKIORZGLDJUDP

5HVXOWDQG'LVFXVVLRQ
D 7RDQVZHU545454DQG54
%DVHG RQ WKH OLWHUDWXUH UHYLHZ RQWKH GDP FRQVWUXFWLRQ WHFKQLFDO JXLGDQFH DQG  WKLUWHHQ 
SUHYLRXVSURMHFWGDWDLWLVIRXQGWKDWGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNLVFDWHJRUL]HGLQWR HLJKW ZRUN
WKDWLVSUHSDUDWLRQDFFHVVURDG EULGJHFRIIHUGDPWXQQHO FKDQQHOPDLQGDPVSLOOZD\
LQWDNHDQGSXEOLFIDFLOLWLHV(DFKRIWKHVHFDWHJRULHVKDV:%6WKDWIROORZVILJXUH,Q)LJXUH
LVVKRZQRQHRIWKH HLJKW ZRUNFDWHJRULHVWKDWLVIRUWKHPDLQGDP

:%6/HYHO :%6/HYHO :%6/HYHO :%6/HYHO :%6/HYHO :%6/HYHO
3URMHFW1DPH :RUN6HFWLRQ 6XE:RUN6HFWLRQ :RUN3DFNDJH $FWLYLWLHV 5HVRXUFHV


















)LJXUH:RUN%UHDNGRZQ6WUXFWXUH'LDJUDP


4


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”



/HYHO  LV IRU WKH QDPH RI SURMHFW OHYHO  LV ZRUN VHFWLRQ WKDW FRQVLVW RI GHZDWHULQJ
HDUWKZRUN VXSSRUW  SURWHFWLRQ GULOOLQJ  JURXWLQJ WRS RI GDP GUDLQDJH RI IRRW GDP
LQVWUXPHQWDWLRQ DQG PHFKDQLFDO  HOHFWULFDO OHYHO  LV VXE VHFWLRQ ZRUN OHYHO  LV ZRUN
SDFNDJH OHYHO  LV DFWLYLW\ DQG OHYHO  LV UHVRXUFHV WKDW FRQVLVW RI PDWHULDO HTXLSPHQW 
ODERU
E 7RDQVZHU54
,GHQWLI\DQ\SRWHQWLDOO\KD]DUGRXVULVNVLQGDP FRQVWUXFWLRQREWDLQHGIURPOLWHUDWXUHVWXGLHV
WKDWDUHWKHQYHULILHGFODULILHGDQGYDOLGDWHGIRUFRQWHQWDQGFRQVWUXFWVWRH[SHUWV([SHUWVDUH
DVNHG ZKHWKHU WKH\ DJUHH RU GLVDJUHH ZLWK VXFK ULVN IDFWRUV DQG LQSXW RQ HDFK RI WKH ULVN
IDFWRUVLPSDFWVDQGFDXVHV,QDGGLWLRQH[SHUWVDUHUHTXLUHGWRSURYLGHDGGLWLRQDOULVNIDFWRUV
2QFHWKHSUREDELOLW\DQGLPSDFWDUHGHWHUPLQHGWKHULVNVFRUHFDQEHFDOFXODWHGE\IROORZLQJ
5 3[,         
:KHUH5 ULVNIDFWRU3 SUREDELOLW\DQG, LPSDFW
F 7RDQVZHU54
$IWHUNQRZLQJZKDWDFWLYLWLHVDUHFDUULHGRXWRQWKHGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQ :%6OHYHO WKHQH[W
VWHSLVWRFUHDWHDSRWHQWLDOULVNDQGORRNIRUSRWHQWLDOVRXUFHVRIULVNWKDWLVYHU\LQIOXHQWLDORQ
.VRWKDWWKHUHVXOWVREWDLQHGLQWKHIRUPRIVDIHW\SODQQLQJUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVEDVHGRQWKH
IRUPDWFRQWDLQHGLQDSSHQGL[5..RIJRYHUQPHQWUHJXODWLRQV383570ZLWKWKH
DGGLWLRQRIZRUNSDFNDJHV FROXPQ DFWLYLW\ FROXPQ DQGULVNFRQWURO FROXPQ 7KH
UHVXOWIROORZVILJXUH




)LJXUH6DIHW\3ODQQLQJ

G 7RDQVZHU54
:%6 'LFWLRQDU\ LV GRQH E\ IROORZLQJ WKH IRUPDW LQ ILJXUH  )LJXUH  LV RQH RI WKH :%6
GLFWLRQDULHVIRURQHRIWKH HLJKW GDP VZRUNFDWHJRULHVWKDWLVIRUWKHPDLQGDP

5


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”




)LJXUH:%6'LFWLRQDU\

H 7RDQVZHU54
7KH:%6FKHFNOLVWLVGRQHE\IROORZLQJWKHIRUPDWLQILJXUH)LJXUHLVRQHRIWKH:%6
FKHFNOLVWVIRURQHRIWKH HLJKW GDP VZRUNFDWHJRULHVWKDWLVIRUPDLQGDP





















)LJXUH&KHFN/LVW:%6

&RQFOXVLRQ
%DVHG RQ WKH SURFHVV RI PDNLQJ WKLV :%6 VWDQGDUG FDQ EH FRQFOXGHG WKDWGDP FRQVWUXFWLRQ
ZRUNLVFDWHJRUL]HGLQWR HLJKW ZRUNWKDWLVSUHSDUDWLRQDFFHVVURDG EULGJHFRIIHUGDP
WXQQHO  FKDQQHO PDLQ GDP VSLOOZD\ LQWDNH DQG SXEOLF IDFLOLWLHV :%6 GDP VWDQGDUG IRU

6


2nd Nommensen
 International Conference on Technology and Engineering IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012003
1234567890‘’“”



HDFK FDWHJRU\ ZRUN GLYLGHG LQWR  /HYHO /HYHO  3URMHFW 1DPH /HYHO  :RUN 6HFWLRQ
/HYHO  6XE :RUN 6HFWLRQ /HYHO  :RUN 3DFNDJH /HYHO  $FWLYLW\ DQG /HYHO 
5HVRXUFHV
7KHVDIHW\SODQRQGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQZDVPDGHXVLQJWKHULVNEDVHG:%6VWDQGDUGZKLFK
ZDVWKHQGHYHORSHGEDVHGRQWKH5..3835705..GRFXPHQW)URPWKLV
GHYHORSPHQWWKHUHVXOWLVVDIHW\SODQQLQJUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVIRUGDPFRQVWUXFWLRQ

$FNQRZOHGJPHQW
7KH DXWKRUV ZRXOG OLNH WR WKDQN WKH ILQDQFLDO VXSSRUW SURYLGHG E\ ,QGRQHVLD 8QLYHUVLW\
WKURXJK WKH 3,77$  IXQGLQJ VFKHPH PDQDJHG E\ 'LUHFWRUDWH IRU 5HVHDUFK DQG 3XEOLF
6HUYLFHV '530 ,QGRQHVLD8QLYHUVLW\

5HIHUHQFHV
>@ %LUR .RPXQLNDVL 3XEOLN .HPHQWHULDQ 3835 KWWSVZZZSXJRLGEHULWDYLHZ
PLOLNLSRWHQVLOLVWULNSHPEDQJXQDQEHQGXQJDQELVDNSEX
>@ %O\WK./HZLV- .DND$  'HYHORSLQJ)UDPHZRUNIRU6WDQGDUGL]HG:RUN
3URJUDPPHIRU%XLOGLQJ3URMHFWConstruction Innovation
>@ 6XDQGD%XGLProject Management37337EN-DNDUWD
>@ $0 6XJHQJ %XGLRQR  3HQJHQDODQ 3RWHQVL %DKD\D ,QGLVWULDO GDQ $QDOLVD
.HFHODNDDQ.HUMD'HSQDNHUWUDQV
>@ 30%2.WK(GLWLRQ  $*XLGHWR7KH3URMHFW0DQDJHPHQW%RG\2I.QRZOHGJH
3URMHFW0DQDJHPHQW,QVWLWXWH,QF
>@ 9DQ 7RQGHU -& DQG %HNNHU 0&   ³$QDO\VLV RV $ 0HWKRGRORJ\ WR 2EWDLQ D
:RUN %UHDNGRZQ 6WUXYWXUH %XLOW 8S )URP ,QWHUGHSHQGHQW .H\ 3URMHFW 'HOLYHUDEHO
3DFNDJHV´6RXWK$IULFDTechnology Services International Lower Germinston Road
>@ 3HUDWXUDQ 3HPHULQWDK 1R    8QGDQJ8QGDQJ 5, 1R  7DKXQ 7HQWDQJ
3HQHUDSDQ6LVWHP0DQDMHPHQ.HVHODPDWDQ'DQ.HVHKDWDQ.HUMD

You might also like