ADMN2080H

MARKET AND
MANAGERIAL RESEARCH.
An introduction to social research methods in market and managerial contexts
Instructor: An Kosurko M.A. Sustainability Studies, Ph.D. Candidate, Social Sciences
CLASS SCHEDULE I TOPICS I FOCUS
I READINGS.

CLASS 1 CLASS 2 CLASS 3

Introductions, Expectations Research Problems, Approaches, Quantitative Research Design ,
Questions Sampling, Surveys

FOCUS
FOCUS FOCUS The Survey Method Part 1
Theory of Knowledge Qualitative vs. Quantitative Chapters 6, 14
Chapter 1 Chapter 1,2,6
Survey Assignment due next Fri
WEEK 4 WEEK 5 = TODAY WEEK 6
Quantitative Part 2 Research Ethics MIDTERM

FOCUS FOCUS FOCUS

- Survey Design Part 2, - Working with Indigenous Peoples, - Review of everything in the course
Questionnaires and knowledges so far
- Readings: Chapters 6, 9, 10, 14
 RECAP

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

WHAT WE OPERATIONALIZING VARIABLES

DID LAST TIME.

QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN
 TODAY

• Research Ethics

TODAY’S • Introductory Statements

AGENDA: • Indigenous Perspectives
 eg, plagiarism & cheating
• Trent’s Undergraduate Academic Integrity Policy:
www.trentu.ca/vpacademic/integrity.php
eg, plagiarism & cheating
 RESEARCH ETHICS
The moral conduct of researchers and
their responsibilities to those involved in
the research.

RESEARCH • A means of specifying what is right & wrong

ETHICS • Some ethics are widely accepted & adhered to
…while others are contested & ignored
• Bottom-line: you must be ‘critically reflexive’
 RESEARCH ETHICS
No research is ever free of ethical
concerns

You must always consider 3 key issues:

KEY ETHICAL
ISSUES AND
CONCERNS (i) Privacy
(ii) Permission
(iii) Risk
 RESEARCH ETHICS
• Collecting & interpreting participant’s private life

• Concern that private information is not released

into public domain: it must remain confidential
PRIVACY AND
CONFIDENTIALITY
• Practiced through anonymity, pseudonyms,
masking identity, destruction of data, etc

• Not always possible. Why?

 • Human research requires voluntary participation
RESEARCH ETHICS

(ie, you need permission)

INFORMED • Practiced through asking for and receiving, ‘consent’

CONSENT
• Participants must be informed about what they are
agreeing to

• Some research does not require consent (deception?)

 RESEARCH ETHICS

• Neither the researcher nor the participant should be

exposed to ‘undue risk’ of harm
• Physical harm = personal safety, accidents, violence
PHYSICAL AND • Social harm = psychological damage, self-esteem, self-
SOCIAL HARM determination
•Practiced through precautionary measures, safety protocols,
termination of research, etc
 RESEARCH ETHICS
Trent University: Human Subject
Research Policy Statement
All University-based research involving
human participants, whether funded or
RESEARCH non-funded, faculty or student, scholarly,
ETHICS commercial, or consultative, is subject to
the ethics review process. Research subject
to review includes, but is not limited to,
experiments, surveys, questionnaires,
interviews, and participant observation
https://www.trentu.ca/researchinnovation/r
esearchers/faculty-and-staff/ethics/human-
research
 RESEARCH ETHICS

Ethical Conduct for Research

Involving Human

CORE • Respect for Persons

PRINCIPLES OF • Concern for Welfare
THE CANADIAN • Justice
TRI-COUNCIL
POLICY:
 RESEARCH ETHICS
• Dual moral obligations to respect
autonomy/protect those with
developing, impaired or diminished
autonomy

RESPECT FOR • Humans are not objects or a means

to an end
PERSONS • Free, informed, ongoing consent
• Informed Consent:
https://www.trentu.ca/researchinnova
tion/researchers/faculty-and-
staff/ethics/human-research/outline-
standard-consent-form-or-statement
 RESEARCH ETHICS

• Protect welfare w respect to

foreseeable risks
• Physical, mental, emotional,
CONCERN FOR spiritual, social, economic

WELFARE • Respect for privacy and

confidentiality
• Prevent and Minimize harm
(embarrassment, psychological
trauma)
 RESEARCH ETHICS

• Burdens and benefits of research should

be shared equally
• Inclusion

JUSTICE • Conflict of interest

• Fairness with regard to access and
vulnerability pre/in process (imbalance of
power w regard to researcher/subject)
RECONCILIATION

RESPECT FOR PERSONS =

BEYOND THE INDIVIDUAL

INDIGENOUS CONCERN FOR WELFARE =

BROADER IN SCOPE
KNOWLEDGES.
JUSTICE =
RESPECT FOR CULTURE
RESEARCH ETHICS
RECONCILIATION

RESPECT FOR • CONTINUITY OF PEOPLES

PERSONS =
BEYOND THE • INTERCONNECTIONS W
NATURAL WORLD
INDIVIDUAL. • OBLIGATIONS TO PAST
AND FUTURE
GENERATIONS
RECONCILIATION

CONCERN FOR • CONCERN FOR CULTURE

WELFARE =
BROADER IN • CONCERN FOR
COMMUNITY
SCOPE. • COLLECTIVE WELFARE
RECONCILIATION

IMBALANCE OF POWER …
JUSTICE =
•

RESPECT FOR • EG: MISAPPROPRIATION,

DEVALUATION OF
CULTURE. KNOWLEDGE, ABUSE OF
NORMS REGARDING USE
OF ARTEFACTS, FAILURE
TO SHARE BENEFITS

• RELATIONSHIPS OF TRUST
AND MUTUAL BENEFIT
 RESEARCH ETHICS

Ethical Considerations pertain to all

research methods and come into
consideration at every stage: recruitment to
dissemination.
RESEARCH ETHICS
COMING UP

• Survey Assignment due Saturday

NEXT Oct 21 at :00pm (Use Chapter 14 as
CHALLENGES a guide)
FOR YOU: • Midterm next Tuesday – Everything
we’ve talked about as it relates to
your own research question. –
Multiple Choice, Short answer, mini
essay