13.

(a) corrosive (or its label) 1

(b) (i) 1

(ii) Polyethene lining is inert / does not react with acid. 1

It can prevent acid from reacting with the steel storage tank. 1
(NOT accept separate acid and steel)
(c) Mass of HCl = 57 000 000  0.38 = 21660000 g
21 660 000
No. of mole of HCl = = 593424.7 mol 1*
1.0 + 35.5
593424.7
Molarity of HCl = = 11.868 M (Accept 11.860 to 11.90 M) 1
50000
(Deduct 1 mark if: wrong unit / without  1000 above & / 1000 below)
Candidates’ Performance:
(a) Well answered.
(b) (i) Fairly answered. Only a few candidates were able to draw the repeating unit of the
polymer.
(ii) Fairly answered. Many candidates were able to point out that the polymer is
chemically inert, but they failed to mention that there would be a reaction between
hydrochloric acid and steel.
(c) Poorly answered. Many candidates were not able to accurately determine the molarity of
the hydrochloric acid. One of the reasons is that many candidates did not recognise the
need to make conversions between different mass and volume units. Most candidates
failed to check their calculations and thus some unreasonable values were presented.

14.

(1)
Candidates’ Performance:
Poorly answered. Many candidates failed to give a correct repeating unit for polypropene. The
following wrong repeating unit was commonly given.

8
15. (a) Repeating unit: 1

(b) Addition polymerisation (†) 1

(c) Prevent wetting the paper layer. 1
(d) The box has an aluminium layer. 1
Aluminium can react with oxygen so as to prevent the beverage from spoiling. 1
(e) (i)

1
(ii) monomer of PVC / short chain molecule of PVC / plasticiser 1
Candidates’ Performance:
(a) Fairly answered. Some candidates wrongly drew –[CH2–CH2]–n as the repeating unit of
PE.
(b) Generally well answered. However, some candidates gave ‘additional polymerisation’
instead of ‘addition polymerisation’.
(c) Fairly answered. Some candidates wrongly wrote that PE is strong so it gives shape to
the box. Some candidates wrongly suggested that the outermost PE layer is used for
printing purposes.
(d) Fairly answered. Some candidates only explained that aluminium is a metal so it can
prevent oxygen from entering the beverage box. They failed to mention the aluminium
oxide layer formed.
(e) (i) Fairly answered. A high proportion of candidates failed to give the correct structure
of the monomer of PVC.
(ii) Poorly answered. Most candidates wrongly suggested that ‘chlorine’ or ‘hydrogen
chloride’ can be released from PVC food packing material. They might have
confused this situation with the incineration of PVC waste.

16. (ii) Benzoyl peroxide readily undergoes homolytic cleavage / decompose / O–O bond is broken
to give free radicals. 1
or Benzoyl peroxide is a free radical initiator. (1)
(iii) Concnetration of reactant is high. Therefore chance of (effective) collision between ethene
and free radical increases / higher reaction rate. 1
(iv) No, because the product is a mixture of polymer moelcules with different chain lengths. 1
(Accept: different lengths / carbon cahins)

17. 1