Contents

US Editors Allison Singer, Jenny Siklos How the course works 8

Editors Gareth Clark, Lisa Gillespie, Andrew Kerr-Jarrett
Art Editors Chrissy Barnard, Ray Bryant
Senior Art Editor Sharon Spencer
Editorial Assistants Jessica Cawthra, Sarah Edwards
Illustrators Edwood Burn, Denise Joos, Michael Parkin, Introducing yourself 12
Jemma Westing
Audio Producer Liz Hammond New language Using “to be” with names
Managing Editor Daniel Mills
Managing Art Editor Anna Hall Vocabulary Names and letters
Project Manager Christine Stroyan New skill Saying your name
Jacket Designer Natalie Godwin
Jacket Editor Claire Gell
Jacket Design Development Manager Sophia MTT
Producer, Pre-Production Luca Frassinetti
Producer Mary Slater
Publisher Andrew Macintyre Vocabulary Countries 16
Art Director Karen Self
Publishing Director Jonathan Metcalf

DK India
Jacket Designer Surabhi Wadhwa
Managing Jackets Editor Saloni Singh
Talking about yourself 18
Senior DTP Designer Harish Aggarwal New language “To be” with ages and nationalities
First American Edition, 2016 Vocabulary Numbers and nationalities
Published in the United States by DK Publishing
345 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014
New skill Talking about yourself

Copyright © 2016 Dorling Kindersley Limited

DK, a Division of Penguin Random House LLC
10 9 8 7 6
023–258528–Jun/2016 Vocabulary Family and pets 22
All rights reserved.
Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part
of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means
(electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without
Things you have 24
the prior written permission of the copyright owner. New language Possessive adjectives; “this” and “that”
Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited.
Vocabulary Animals and family
A catalog record for this book
is available from the Library of Congress. New skill Talking about who things belong to
ISBN 978-1-4654-4762-3

DK books are available at special discounts when purchased

in bulk for sales promotions, premiums, fund-raising, or educational
use. For details, contact: DK Publishing Special Markets, 345 Hudson Using apostrophes 28
Street, New York, New York 10014
SpecialSales@dk.com New language Possessive apostrophe
Printed and bound in China Vocabulary Family and pets
All images © Dorling Kindersley Limited
New skill Talking about belonging
For further information see: www.dkimages.com

A WORLD OF IDEAS:
SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW
Vocabulary Everyday things 30
www.dk.com
 Talking about your things 32 Negatives with “to be” 54
New language “These” and “those” New language Negatives with “to be”
Vocabulary Possessions Vocabulary “Not”
New skill Using determiners and pronouns New skill Saying what things are not

Vocabulary Jobs 36 More negatives 58

Talking about your job
New language Using “I am” for your job
Vocabulary Jobs and workplaces
New skill Describing your job
Telling the time
New language Times of day
Vocabulary Words for time
New skill Saying what the time is
Vocabulary Daily routines
New language Present simple negative
Vocabulary Daily activities
38 New skill Saying what you don’t do
Simple questions 62
New language Simple questions
Vocabulary Jobs and routine activities
42 New skill Asking simple questions
Answering questions 66
New language Short answers
Vocabulary Jobs and routines
44 New skill Answering spoken questions

Describing your day 46 Asking questions 68

New language The present simple New language Open questions
Vocabulary Routine activities Vocabulary Question words
New skill Talking about your daily routine New skill Asking for details

Describing your week 50 Vocabulary Around town 74

New language Days and prepositions
Vocabulary Days of the week
New skill Talking about your weekly routine
 Talking about your town 76 The things I have 102
New language “There is” and “there are” New language Using “have”
Vocabulary Towns and buildings Vocabulary Household objects
New skill Describing a town New skill Talking about possessions

Using “a” and “the” 80 What do you have? 106

New language Definite and indefinite articles New language “Have” questions
Vocabulary Places in town Vocabulary House and furniture
New skill Using articles New skill Asking about household objects

Orders and directions 84 Vocabulary Food and drink 110

New language Imperatives
Vocabulary Directions
New skill Finding your way Counting 112
New language Uncountable nouns
Vocabulary Food containers
Joining sentences 88 New skill Talking about food
New language Using “and” and “but”
Vocabulary Town, jobs, and family
New skill Joining sentences Measuring 116
New language Measurements
Vocabulary Ingredients and quantities
Describing places 92 New skill Talking about amounts
New language Adjectives
Vocabulary Place adjectives and nouns
New skill Describing places Vocabulary Clothes 118

Giving reasons 98 At the shops 120

New language “Because” New language Using “too” and “fit”
Vocabulary Places and jobs Vocabulary Shopping and clothes
New skill Giving reasons New skill Describing clothes

Vocabulary Around the house 100

 Introducing yourself
You can greet people by saying “Hello!” or “Hi!” New language Using “to be” with names
Introduce yourself using “I am.” You may also Vocabulary Names and letters
need to spell out the letters of your name. New skill Saying your name

KEY LANGUAGE SAYING YOUR NAME

There are different
ways of greeting This can be a formal This is an informal greeting.
or informal greeting. It is often used in casual conversation.
someone and
introducing yourself.

You can use “I am” You can also

plus your name to use ”my name is”
introduce yourself. plus your name
to introduce yourself.

OTHER WAYS TO SAY YOUR NAME

In conversational English,
speakers often use
contractions. These are
shortened versions
of pairs of words.

You can contract “I am’” to “I’m.” You can contract “name is” to “name’s.”

HOW TO FORM SAYING YOUR NAME

SUBJECT “TO BE” NAME

Use a capital letter at

the start of a name.

12
 REWRITE EACH SENTENCE LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN
IN ITS CONTRACTED FORM NUMBER THE PEOPLE IN THE
ORDER IN WHICH THEY SPEAK

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with Choose a Choose a Finish with

a greeting. subject. verb form. a name.

13
 KEY LANGUAGE SPELLING YOUR NAME

This is how you ask You say each letter.

someone to spell
their first name.

This is how you ask someone

to spell their last name.

This is your first name

and your last name.

PRONUNCIATION THE ALPHABET

Listen to how the letters of the
alphabet are pronounced in English.

14
 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AS PEOPLE SPELL THEIR NAMES, AND WRITE OUT
EACH SPELLING

SPELL OUT EACH PERSON’S NAME, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD

CHECKLIST
Using “to be” with names Names and letters Saying your name

15
 Vocabulary
COUNTRIES

16
NATIONALITIES

17
 Talking about yourself
It’s useful to know how to say your age and New language “To be” with ages and nationalities
where you come from. You can use the verb Vocabulary Numbers and nationalities
“to be” to talk about these topics. New skill Talking about yourself

KEY LANGUAGE SAYING YOUR AGE

Use the verb “to be” to
talk about your age.

The verb “to be”

changes with the subject.

FURTHER EXAMPLES SAYING YOUR AGE

HOW TO FORM SAYING YOUR AGE

SUBJECT “TO BE” AGE

The number can be

followed by “years old.”

These are pronouns. They are The verb changes with the subject.
the subjects of these sentences.

18
VOCABULARY NUMBERS

WRITE THE NUMBERS FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE

AS WORDS CORRECT FORMS OF “TO BE”

19
 PRONUNCIATION SIMILAR LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND
SOUNDING NUMBERS MARK THE CORRECT AGES
It is important to stress the correct syllable in these numbers.
Stress the Stress the
last syllables. first syllables.

KEY LANGUAGE SAYING WHERE YOU’RE FROM

There are different ways of saying where you are from.
This describes the country
“Where” is the question
that you belong to.
word for place. Remember, “to be”
changes with the subject. You use an adjective to
talk about nationality.

FURTHER EXAMPLES SAYING WHERE YOU’RE FROM

20
 HOW TO FORM SAYING WHERE YOU’RE FROM
I + “TO BE” “FROM” COUNTRY I + “TO BE” NATIONALITY

You use the noun Here you use

after ‘“from.” the adjective.

MATCH EACH FLAG WRITE THE NATIONALITY

TO ITS COUNTRY FOR EACH COUNTRY

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with Choose the correct form of Finish with a noun

a pronoun. the verb, with or without “from.” or an adjective.

CHECKLIST
“To be” with ages and nationalities Numbers and nationalities Talking about yourself

21
 Vocabulary
PABLO’S FAMILY

MARY’S FAMILY SARAH’S FAMILY

22
DAN’S FAMILY HARRY’S FAMILY

PETS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS

23
 Things you have
Possessive adjectives tell you who something (such as New language Possessive adjectives; “this” and “that”
a pet) belongs to. “This” and “that” are determiners. Vocabulary Animals and family
They point out a specific object or person. New skill Talking about who things belong to

KEY LANGUAGE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Possessive adjectives are used before the noun. They change
depending on whether the owner is singular, plural, male
or female, the person you are talking to, or yourself.

I own the cat. The rabbit belongs to you.

The dog belongs to a woman. The parrot belongs to a man.

We are her parents. They are his parents.

HOW TO FORM POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

24
 MATCH THE PICTURES FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE
TO THE PHRASES CORRECT POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

25
 KEY LANGUAGE “THIS” AND “THAT”
“This” and “that” are called
determiners. They point
out a specific object you
want to talk about. Use
“this” for something close
to you. Use “that” for The dog is close to you.
something farther away.

The dog is farther away from you.

FURTHER EXAMPLES “THIS” AND “THAT”

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH “THIS” OR “THAT”

26
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN NUMBER THE IMAGES IN THE ORDER

THEY ARE DESCRIBED

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with a Choose a Finish with

determiner. possessive adjective. a noun.

CHECKLIST
Possessive adjectives; “this” and “that” Animals and family Talking about who things belong to

27
 Using apostrophes
In English, you can use apostrophes (’) to show New language Possessive apostrophe
belonging. You can use them to show who owns Vocabulary Family and pets
something, such as a pet, and to talk about your family. New skill Talking about belonging

KEY LANGUAGE APOSTROPHE WITH “S” This form is correct in English,

but it is not normally used.
Add an apostrophe and the
letter “s” to the end of a singular
noun to show that what comes
after the noun belongs to it.

This is a common way of An apostrophe with an “s” shows ownership.

talking about belonging.

FURTHER EXAMPLES APOSTROPHE WITH “S”

This can also If something belongs to more than one

be written Tess’. noun, only add “-’s” to the last one.

REWRITE THE PHRASES USING AN LISTEN TO THE AUDIO

APOSTROPHE PLUS “S” AND MATCH THE PAIRS

28
 KEY LANGUAGE APOSTROPHES AND PLURAL NOUNS
To show belonging
with a plural noun, just
add an apostrophe
with no “s.” Plural nouns use an apostrophe with no “s.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES APOSTROPHES AND PLURAL NOUNS

For plural nouns that don't end

“s,” you should still add “-’s.”

REWRITE PUTTING THE SAY THE SENTENCES OUT

WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
Possessive apostrophe Family and pets Talking about belonging

29
 Vocabulary
EVERYDAY THINGS

30
31
 Talking about your things
You use “these” and “those” when you are referring New language “These” and “those”
to more than one thing. To show who owns a thing, Vocabulary Possessions
you can use determiners or possessive pronouns. New skill Using determiners and pronouns

KEY LANGUAGE USING “THESE” AND “THOSE”

Use “this” for Use “that” for

something near you. something far from you.

“These” is the “Those” is the

plural of “this.” plural of “that.”

Use “these” and “those” “Those” things

for contrast, too. “These” belong to
things belong to one person. another person.

CROSS OUT THE WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS

INCORRECT WORD OTHER FORM
IN EACH SENTENCE

32
 VOCABULARY SPELLING FIND EIGHT PLURALS IN THE GRID
RULES FOR PLURALS AND WRITE THEM IN GROUPS
For most nouns, to make the plural
you add “s.”

For nouns ending in “x,” “ch,”

and “sh,” you add “es.”

For nouns ending in a consonant followed “S” PLURALS: “ES” PLURALS: “IES” PLURALS:
by a “y,” drop the “y” and add “ies.”

WRITE A PLURAL TO DESCRIBE EACH PICTURE

33
 KEY LANGUAGE DETERMINERS AND PRONOUNS HOW TO FORM
You can use determiners or possessive DETERMINERS PRONOUNS
pronouns to explain who owns something.

The determiner comes

before the noun.

The noun comes The possessive pronoun

before the verb. is used after the verb.

FILL IN THE GAPS TO WRITE EACH SENTENCE TWO OTHER WAYS

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN WRITE EACH NOUN IN THE CORRECT GROUP

Tom and Sarah are packing their bags

and getting ready to go to work.

TOM’S BAG SARAH’S BAG

34
 USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM
OUT LOUD

Start with Choose the singular Choose a Finish with one

one of these or plural of “to be” determiner of these nouns.
determiners. to match. or name.

CHECKLIST
“These” and “those” Possessions Using determiners and pronouns

REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 01–08

NEW LANGUAGE SAMPLE SENTENCE UNIT

INTRODUCING YOURSELF

HOW OLD ARE YOU?

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

APOSTROPHE WITH “S”

“THIS,” “THAT,”
“THESE,” AND “THOSE”

DETERMINERS AND PRONOUNS

35
 Vocabulary
JOBS

36
 PLURALS
Most nouns about people and
jobs are made plural in the usual
way by adding “-s” or “-es”.

Nouns that end in “man” change

to end in “men” in the plural.

For nouns made up of two words,

the second word is made plural.

37
 Talking about your job
You can use the verb “to be” to describe your job. New language Using “I am” for your job
The verb “to work” can give more information Vocabulary Jobs and workplaces
about where you work and who you work with. New skill Describing your job

KEY LANGUAGE YOUR JOB FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE

CORRECT VERB AND ARTICLE
Use “to be” before the job noun.
Use “a” before a noun beginning
with a consonant.

You can use contractions

for these statements.

Use “an” before a noun

beginning with a vowel.

There is no article
before a plural.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

38
VOCABULARY WORKPLACES

MATCH THE JOBS KEY LANGUAGE INSIDE / OUTSIDE

TO THE WORKPLACES Use “inside” for jobs in buildings.

Use “outside” for jobs in the open air.

MARK THE CORRECT ANSWERS

39
 KEY LANGUAGE USING “WORK IN” AND “WORK ON”
Use “work in” for the locations of most jobs.

Use “work on” for farms and construction sites.

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND NUMBER THE IMAGES IN THE ORDER

THEY ARE DESCRIBED

WRITE TWO SENTENCES TO DESCRIBE EACH PICTURE

40
 KEY LANGUAGE “WORK WITH” LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND
Use “work with” followed by MATCH THE PEOPLE TO THEIR JOBS
a noun that relates to your job.

VOCABULARY “WORK WITH”

SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
Using “I am” for your job Jobs and workplaces Describing your job

41
 Telling the time
There are two ways of saying the time in English. You can New language Times of day
use hours and minutes, or you can say the minutes first Vocabulary Words for time
and state their relation to the hour. New skill Saying what the time is

KEY LANGUAGE TELLING THE TIME

Use the verb “to be”
when giving or asking
the time in English.

US English can use

“quarter after” instead
of “quarter past.”

You can leave out the

“a” before “quarter.”

VOCABULARY TIMES OF DAY

42
 MATCH THE CLOCKS TO LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND
THE TIME PHRASES MARK THE TIMES YOU HEAR

WRITE DOWN THE TIMES,

THEN SAY THEM OUT LOUD

WRITE THE TIMES IN FIGURES

CHECKLIST
Times of day Words for time Saying what the time is

43
 Vocabulary
DAILY ROUTINES

TIMES OF THE DAY

44
45
 Describing your day
Use the present simple tense to talk about the things New language The present simple
you do regularly: for example, when you normally go Vocabulary Routine activities
to work or eat lunch. New skill Talking about your daily routine

KEY LANGUAGE THE PRESENT SIMPLE

To make the present
simple, use the base The base form of the verb “to eat.”
form of the verb (the
infinitive without “to”).

With he, she, and it, add “s” to the base form.

FURTHER EXAMPLES THE PRESENT SIMPLE

HOW TO FORM THE PRESENT SIMPLE

The base form of the verb.

SUBJECT VERB REST OF SENTENCE

With he, she, and it, add “s.”

46
 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

FILL IN THE GAPS USING SAY THE SENTENCES OUT

THE WORDS IN THE PANEL LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

47
 KEY LANGUAGE “S” AND “ES” ENDINGS
With some verbs you add “es” for he, she, and it. These
include verbs ending “sh,” “ch,” “o,” “ss,” “x,” and “z.”

For most verbs, Add “es” to verbs Add “es” to verbs

just add “s.” ending “sh.” ending “ch.”

PRONUNCIATION SAYING “S” AND “ES”

The “-s” endings are pronounced
different ways. Listen to the difference.

An “s” sound. A “z” sound. Say the “es”

like the verb “is.”

SAY THE WORDS FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE

OUT LOUD VERBS IN THE CORRECT FORM

48
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, LISTEN TO THE AUDIO
CORRECTING THE ERRORS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
Joan talks about her daily
routine and work schedule.

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with Finish with a time.

a noun Choose the correct
or pronoun. form of the verb.

CHECKLIST
The present simple Routine activities Talking about your daily routine

49
 Describing your week
You can talk about your usual weekly activities using the New language Days and prepositions
present simple with time phrases. Time phrases are often Vocabulary Days of the week
formed using prepositions and days of the week. New skill Talking about your weekly routine

VOCABULARY DAYS OF THE WEEK

KEY LANGUAGE PREPOSITIONS AND DAYS OF THE WEEK

Use “on” before the day You can add “–s” to the day of
of the week to say the the week to show that the thing
day you do something. happens regularly on that day.

TIP
In US English, you can
also leave out “go to”
and the preposition
Use “from” to say Use “to” to say when saying what day
the day you start the day you finish you work: “I work
doing something. doing something. Mondays.”

“On the weekend” is more

common in the US.

“At the weekend” is more

common in the UK.

50
 FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

VOCABULARY ACTIVITIES

FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE SAY THE SENTENCES OUT

THE SENTENCES LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

51
 VOCABULARY FREQUENCY PHRASES
Use frequency
phrases to say how
often something
normally happens.

HOW TO FORM USING FREQUENCY PHRASES

The frequency phrase PRESENT SIMPLE FREQUENCY
usually goes at the
end of the sentence.

FURTHER EXAMPLES FREQUENCY PHRASES

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

52
 PUT THE WORDS IN ORDER SAY THE SENTENCES OUT
TO FORM A CORRECT SENTENCE LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
Days and prepositions Days of the week Talking about your weekly routine

REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 10-14

NEW LANGUAGE SAMPLE SENTENCE UNIT

TALKING ABOUT JOBS

USING “WORK IN,” “WORK ON,”

AND “WORK WITH”

TELLING THE TIME

THE PRESENT SIMPLE

PREPOSITIONS AND DAYS

OF THE WEEK

FREQUENCY PHRASES

53
 Negatives with “to be”
You make a sentence negative by using “not” or its short New language Negatives with “to be”
form “n’t.” Negative sentences with the verb “to be” have Vocabulary “Not”
different rules than negatives with other verbs. New skill Saying what things are not

KEY LANGUAGE NEGATIVES WITH THE VERB “TO BE”

Add “not” after “to be” to
make the sentence negative.

“Not” is added to make the

sentence negative.

FURTHER EXAMPLES NEGATIVES WITH THE VERB “TO BE”

HOW TO FORM NEGATIVES WITH THE VERB “TO BE”

The verb “to be”
takes the same form SUBJECT + VERB “NOT” REST OF SENTENCE
in positive and
negative sentences.
The only difference
is adding “not.”

A plural subject is usually

followed by a plural noun.

54
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

FILL IN THE GAPS TO MAKE LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN

NEGATIVE SENTENCES NUMBER THE IMAGES IN THE
ORDER THEY ARE DESCRIBED

55
 KEY LANGUAGE NEGATIVE SHORT FORMS
You can contract
“you are not” in
“You are” contracts
two ways. You can to “you’re.”
contract the
subject and verb,
or you can contract
the verb and “not.”

“Are not” contracts to “aren’t.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES NEGATIVE SHORT FORMS

You cannot say “I amn’t.”

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

56
 READ THE BLOG AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with Choose a Finish with a

a pronoun. negative form. noun or phrase.

CHECKLIST
Negatives with “to be” “Not” Saying what things are not

57
 More negatives
Add ‘“do not” or “does not” before most verbs New language Present simple negative
in English to make them negative. This is often Vocabulary Daily activities
shortened to “don’t” or “doesn’t.” New skill Saying what you don’t do

KEY LANGUAGE PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE

Put “do not”
before the verb
to make the The main verb
does not change.
negative for “I,”
“you,” “we,” or
“they.” After “he,”
“she,” or ”it,” use
“does not.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE

HOW TO FORM PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE

Use “do” or “does” with “not” followed by the base
form of the main verb (the infinitive without “to”).

SUBJECT “DO / DOES” + “NOT” BASE FORM REST OF SENTENCE

58
 FILL IN THE GAPS USING LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND
“DO NOT” OR “DOES NOT” ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
Frank talks about his daily
and weekly routines.

KEY LANGUAGE CONTRACTED NEGATIVES

In English, “do not”
and “does not” are
often contracted
to “don’t”
and “doesn’t.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE: SHORT FORMS

59
 FILL IN THE GAPS TO WRITE EACH SENTENCE THREE DIFFERENT WAYS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY

THEM OUT LOUD

60
 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

CHECKLIST
Present simple negative Daily activities Saying what you don’t do

61
 Simple questions
To form simple questions with the verb “to be,” you New language Simple questions
change the order of the subject and verb. The answer Vocabulary Jobs and routine activities
to a simple question usually starts with “yes” or “no.” New skill Asking simple questions

KEY LANGUAGE QUESTIONS WITH “TO BE”

To make a question In a statement, the subject
using the verb “to be,” comes before the verb.
put the verb before
the subject.

In a question, the verb moves The subject comes after the verb.
to the start of the sentence.

FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS WITH “TO BE”

HOW TO FORM QUESTIONS WITH “TO BE”

“TO BE” SUBJECT REST OF SENTENCE

62
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND INTONATION SIMPLE QUESTIONS

CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER The tone of the voice usually rises at
TO EACH QUESTION the end of a simple question in English.
The tone falls at the
end of statements.

The tone goes up at

the end of questions.

SAY THESE SENTENCES OUT

LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

63
 KEY LANGUAGE QUESTIONS WITH “DO” AND “DOES”
For questions
without the verb
“to be,” start the
question with
“do” or “does.”

Add “do” to questions Add “does” to The main verb is

with “I,” “you,” “we,” questions with in its base form
and “they.” “he,” “she,” and “it.” (the infinitive without “to”).

FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS WITH “DO” AND “DOES”

HOW TO FORM QUESTIONS WITH “DO” AND “DOES”

“DO” / “DOES” SUBJECT BASE FORM OF VERB REST OF SENTENCE

FILL IN THE GAPS IN THE QUESTIONS USING “DO” OR “DOES”

64
 REWRITE THE QUESTIONS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

REWRITE THE SENTENCES SAY THE SENTENCES OUT

AS QUESTIONS LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
Simple questions Jobs and routine activities Asking simple questions

65
 Answering questions
When answering questions in English, you can often New language Short answers
leave out words to shorten your response. These short Vocabulary Jobs and routines
answers are often used in spoken English. New skill Answering spoken questions

KEY LANGUAGE SHORT ANSWERS

Question uses “to be.”
When the
question uses the
verb “to be,” use
“to be” in the short
answer. If the You don’t need to repeat “a doctor” in your answer.
question uses “do”
or “does,” so does
the short answer.
Question uses “do.”
The rest of the sentence is implied.

FURTHER EXAMPLES SHORT ANSWERS

Question uses “does.”

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

Maria Kowalski goes

for a job interview.

66
 MARK THE CORRECT REPLY ANSWER THE QUESTIONS,
TO EACH QUESTION SPEAKING OUT LOUD

CHECKLIST
Short answers Jobs and routines Answering spoken questions

67
 Asking questions
Use question words such as “what,” “who,” “when,” New language Open questions
and “where” to ask open questions that can’t be Vocabulary Question words
answered with “yes” or “no.” New skill Asking for details

KEY LANGUAGE OPEN QUESTIONS WITH THE VERB “TO BE”

The question word
goes at the beginning
of the question. It is
usually followed by
the verb “to be.”

The question word goes The question is “open”

at the beginning. because it can’t be
answered “yes” or “no.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES OPEN QUESTIONS WITH THE VERB “TO BE”

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

68
 VOCABULARY MATCH THE QUESTIONS TO
QUESTION WORDS THE CORRECT ANSWERS

FURTHER EXAMPLES FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE

QUESTION WORDS WORDS IN THE PANEL

69
 KEY LANGUAGE OPEN QUESTIONS USING “DO” AND “DOES”
With most verbs
other than “to be” “Do” or “does” follows the question word.
you use the
question word
followed by “do”
or “does” to make The question word Main verb changes
a question. goes at the beginning. to its base form.

HOW TO FORM OPEN QUESTIONS USING “DO” AND “DOES”

QUESTION WORD “DO / DOES” SUBJECT VERB + OBJECT

FURTHER EXAMPLES OPEN QUESTIONS USING “DO” AND “DOES”

FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS

70
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES,
PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE
CORRECT ORDER
LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND
MARK THE QUESTIONS YOU HEAR
Ben talks about his
life as a student.

SAY THE QUESTIONS OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS USING THE
WORDS IN THE PANEL

71
 READ THE EMAIL AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with a Choose the correct Choose a Finish with the main
question word. form “do” or “does.” pronoun or name. verb and object.

72
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, FILL IN THE GAPS TO
CORRECTING THE ERRORS COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS

CHECKLIST
Open questions Question words Asking for details

REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 15-19

NEW LANGUAGE SAMPLE SENTENCE UNIT

NEGATIVES WITH “TO BE”

PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE

SIMPLE QUESTIONS

SHORT ANSWERS

OPEN QUESTIONS WITH “TO BE”

OPEN QUESTIONS USING

“DO” AND “DOES”

73
 Vocabulary
AROUND TOWN

74
75
 Talking about your town
When you talk about things, you can use “there New language “There is” and “there are”
is” for one and “there are” for more than one. Vocabulary Towns and buildings
“There isn’t” and “there aren’t” are the negatives. New skill Describing a town

KEY LANGUAGE “THERE IS” AND “THERE ARE”

Use “there is” to talk about one thing (singular).

Use “there are” to talk about more than one (plural).

FURTHER EXAMPLES “THERE IS” AND “THERE ARE”

FILL IN THE GAPS USING SAY THESE PLURALS

“THERE IS” AND “THERE ARE” OUT LOUD

76
 LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE
THE SENTENCES

KEY LANGUAGE “THERE IS NOT” AND “THERE ARE NOT ANY”

Add “not” to make a Add “not any” to make a
singular sentence negative. plural sentence negative.

You can shorten You can shorten

“is not” to “isn’t.” “are not” to “aren’t.”

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

77
 ANOTHER WAY TO SAY LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN
“THERE AREN’T ANY” NUMBER THE PICTURES IN THE
You can use “are no” instead of ORDER THEY ARE DESCRIBED
“aren’t any.” It means the same thing.
This is the contracted
form of “are not.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES “ARE NO”

FILL IN THE GAPS

USING “ARE” AND “AREN’T”

78
 READ THE EMAIL AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

LOOK AT THE PICTURE, THEN SAY EACH SENTENCE

OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
“There is” and ”there are” Towns and buildings Describing a town

79
 Using “a” and “the”
Use the definite article (“the”) or indefinite article New language Definite and indefinite articles
(“a,” “an”) to talk about things in specific or general Vocabulary Places in town
terms. Use “some” to talk about more than one thing. New skill Using articles

KEY LANGUAGE “A / AN / THE”

Use “a” to talk Use “a” because you are talking about your work
in general, not the specific place where you work.
about a thing
in general. Use
“the” to talk about
a place, person,
or thing that you
and the listener
both know about.
Use “the” because you are talking about
the specific building where you work.

FURTHER EXAMPLES “A / AN / THE”

Use “a / an” to talk about jobs. Use “the” to talk about a particular doctor.

Use “an” before words

that start with a vowel.

Use “a” with “is there” Use “the” to talk about a particular bank.
and “there is.”

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

80
 KEY LANGUAGE “A / SOME”
You can only use Use “a” and “an” to
talk about one thing. Singular.
“a” and “an” for
singular nouns. Use
“some” for plurals.

Use “some” to talk about more than one thing. Plural.

FURTHER EXAMPLES “A / SOME”

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH REWRITE THE SENTENCES,

“A” OR “SOME” CORRECTING THE ERRORS

81
 KEY LANGUAGE QUESTIONS WITH “A / ANY”

Use “a” to find out if there Use “any” to find out if there
is one of something. is one or more of something.

FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS WITH “A / ANY”

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH QUESTION

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

82
 KEY LANGUAGE SHORT ANSWERS Short for: “Yes, there is
When answering questions in English, you don’t a hotel in the town.”
have to repeat all the words from the question.

Short for: “No, there aren’t any hotels in the town.”

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH LOOK AT THE MAP AND

SHORT ANSWERS ANSWER THE QUESTIONS,
SPEAKING OUT LOUD

CHECKLIST
Definite and indefinite articles Places in town Using articles

83
 Orders and directions
Use imperatives to tell someone to do something. New language Imperatives
They are also useful to give a warning, or to give Vocabulary Directions
directions to someone. New skill Finding your way

KEY LANGUAGE IMPERATIVES

To make the imperative,
use the base form of
the verb (the infinitive
without “to”).

The base form of the

verb “to stop.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES IMPERATIVES

REWRITE THE INFINITIVES AS IMPERATIVES

84
 KEY LANGUAGE MARK THE DIRECTIONS THAT LEAD YOU TO
GIVING DIRECTIONS THE CORRECT PLACES ON THE MAP

85
 VOCABULARY DIRECTIONS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING DIRECTIONS

86
 KEY LANGUAGE NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE
Add “don’t” or “do not”
before the verb to make
an imperative negative.

FURTHER EXAMPLES NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES LISTEN AND MATCH THE

AS NEGATIVE IMPERATIVES DIRECTIONS TO THE PLACES

CHECKLIST
Imperatives Directions Finding your way

87
 Joining sentences
“And” and “but” are conjunctions: words that join statements New language Using “and” and “but”
together. “And” adds things to a sentence or links sentences Vocabulary Town, jobs, and family
together. “But” introduces a contrast to a sentence. New skill Joining sentences

KEY LANGUAGE USING “AND” TO JOIN SENTENCES

Use “and” to join two “There’s” is the same as “There is.”
sentences together.

You can drop the second “there’s”

when you join sentences using “and.”

FURTHER EXAMPLES USING “AND” TO JOIN SENTENCES

REWRITE THESE STATEMENTS AS SINGLE SENTENCES USING “AND”

88
 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MATCH THE PLACES MENTIONED
IN EACH “AND” STATEMENT

KEY LANGUAGE USING A COMMA INSTEAD OF “AND”

For lists of more than
two items, you can You can use a comma Use another comma
to replace “and” in a list. before the “and.”
use commas instead
of “and.”

Keep the “and” between

the final two nouns.

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT USE COMMAS AND “AND” CORRECTLY

89
 KEY LANGUAGE USING “BUT” TO JOIN SENTENCES
Use “but” to join
a positive and a
negative statement.

You can use “but” to add something

negative to a positive sentence.

You can use “but” to add something

positive to a negative sentence.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE EACH PAIR OF STATEMENTS AS A SINGLE SENTENCE

90
 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

LOOK AT THE TABLE, THEN SAY “AND” AND “BUT” SENTENCES OUT LOUD

CHECKLIST
Using “and” and “but” Town, jobs, and family Joining sentences

91
 Describing places
Use adjectives to give more information New language Adjectives
about nouns, for example to describe Vocabulary Place adjectives and nouns
a person, building, or place. New skill Describing places

KEY LANGUAGE USING ADJECTIVES

Adjectives are usually placed before
the noun they describe.

Adjectives are the same Adjectives are the same

for male and female nouns. for singular and plural nouns.

VOCABULARY ADJECTIVES

92
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

OTHER WAYS TO USE ADJECTIVES READ THE PASSAGE

Sometimes, adjectives can be put AND CIRCLE SEVEN ADJECTIVES
in different places in a sentence.

You can put the adjective at the end of

the sentence after the verb “to be.”

The adjective usually

comes before the noun.

You can replace the

noun with a pronoun.

93
 FILL IN THE GAPS TO WRITE EACH SENTENCE THREE DIFFERENT WAYS

VOCABULARY PLACES AND SCENERY

94
READ THE POSTCARD AND CORRECT THE INCORRECTLY SPELLED WORDS

SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

95
 KEY LANGUAGE USING QUANTITY PHRASES
English has many Use “some” when there is more than one,
different phrases but you don’t know exactly how many.
for quantities when
the exact number
is not known. Use “a few” for
a small number.

Use “lots of ” for

a large number.

FURTHER EXAMPLES USING QUANTITY PHRASES

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN NUMBER THE PICTURES IN THE ORDER

THEY ARE DESCRIBED

96
 WRITE SENTENCES ABOUT THE IMAGE USING “A FEW,”
“SOME,” OR “LOTS OF”

LOOK AT THE TABLE, THEN SAY SENTENCES OUT LOUD

USING “A FEW,” “SOME,” AND “LOTS OF”

CHECKLIST
Adjectives Place adjectives and nouns Describing places

97
 Giving reasons
Use the conjunction “because” to give a reason Key language “Because”
for something. You can also use “because” Vocabulary Places and jobs
to answer the question “Why?” New skill Giving reasons

KEY LANGUAGE USING “BECAUSE”

This is the Use “because” before This is
main clause. you give the reason. the reason.

FURTHER EXAMPLES

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

98
 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

CHECKLIST
“Because” Places and jobs Giving reasons

REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 21–26

NEW LANGUAGE SAMPLE SENTENCE UNIT

USING “THERE IS” AND “THERE ARE”

ARTICLES

USING “ANY” AND “SOME”

IMPERATIVES

JOINING SENTENCES

USING ADJECTIVES

USING “BECAUSE”

99
 Vocabulary
AROUND THE HOUSE

100
101
 The things I have
When you talk about things you own, such as furniture or pets, New language Using “have”
you can use the verb “have.” You can also use it to talk about Vocabulary Household objects
your qualifications and the appliances and rooms in your home. New skill Talking about possessions

KEY LANGUAGE USING “HAVE” Use “has” for the third

person singular (he, she, or it).
“Have” is an irregular
verb. The third person
singular form is “has,”
not “haves.”

HOW TO FORM STATEMENTS USING “HAVE”

SUBJECT “HAVE” OBJECT
These pronouns
take “have.”

These pronouns
take “has.”

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “HAVE” OR “HAS”

102
 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHO OWNS WHICH OBJECT

READ THE ADVERTISEMENTS

AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

103
 KEY LANGUAGE “HAVE” NEGATIVES
Although “have” is irregular, its negative is formed in the usual way.
The negative form can also be contracted as with other verbs.

Use “does not”

instead of “do not”
for she, he, and it.

Always use “have”

instead of “has”
“Do not” can be “Does not” can
in the negative.
shortened to “don’t.” be shortened
to “doesn’t.”

WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER NEGATIVE FORM

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 11 CORRECT SENTENCES

AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start with a Choose the correct Choose an article Finish with

pronoun. form of the verb. or determiner. a noun.

104
 ANOTHER WAY TO SAY “HAVE”
Some English speakers,
especially in the UK, use
“have got” instead of “have.”
It means the same thing.
The only difference is the word “got.”

HOW TO FORM ”HAVE GOT”

POSITIVE NEGATIVE

Only use this form when using “have” with “Has not got” can be
“got.” Don’t shorten “I have” to “I’ve a dog.” shortened to “hasn’t got.”

WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER TWO FORMS

CHECKLIST
Using “have” Household objects Talking about possessions

105
 What do you have?
Use questions with “have” to ask someone New language “Have” questions
about the things they own. “Do” or “does” Vocabulary House and furniture
are used to form the question. New skill Asking about household objects

KEY LANGUAGE ASKING “HAVE” QUESTIONS

Form “have” questions by adding “do” or “does.” “Has” changes to ”have” in questions.

Add “do” to turn “I,” “you,” “we,” Add “does” to form questions
and “they” statements into questions. for “he,” “she,” and “it.”

VOCABULARY HOUSEHOLD OBJECTS

106
 REWRITE THE LISTEN AND MARK WHO OWNS
SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS WHICH OBJECTS

USE THE CHART TO CREATE NINE CORRECT SENTENCES AND

SAY THEM OUT LOUD

Start the question Choose a Use “have.” Finish with

with “do” or “does.” pronoun. a noun.

107
 KEY LANGUAGE SHORT ANSWERS TO “HAVE” QUESTIONS
You can give short Use “do” in the
positive answer.
answers to “have” Add “do” to form
questions using a question.

“do” and “don’t.”

Use “do not” or “don’t”

in the negative answer.

LOOK AT THE PICTURE LOOK AT THE PICTURE, THEN

AND WRITE SHORT ANSWERS ANSWER THE QUESTIONS OUT LOUD
TO THE QUESTIONS

108
 KEY LANGUAGE “HAVE GOT” QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Questions and answers using “have got” are formed differently.
Remember, you mostly hear this in British English. Use “have” in the
positive answer.
“Have” or “has” moves to
the start of the question.

“Got” does
not move.
Use “have not” or “haven’t”
in the negative answer.

REWRITE EACH “HAVE” SAY THE ANSWERS OUT

QUESTION USING “HAVE GOT” LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS

CHECKLIST
“Have” questions House and furniture Asking about household objects

109
 Vocabulary
FOOD AND DRINK

110
111
 Counting
In English, nouns can be countable or uncountable. New language Uncountable nouns
Countable nouns can be individually counted. Objects Vocabulary Food containers
that can’t be separated and counted are uncountable. New skill Talking about food

KEY LANGUAGE COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Use “a,” “an,” or a number to talk about countable nouns.
“Some” can be used for both countable and uncountable nouns.

COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Uncountable nouns are always
paired with verbs in the singular.

Always use “some”

with uncountable nouns,
not “a,” “an,” or a number.
Use “some” when there
are more countable things
than you can easily count.

FURTHER EXAMPLES COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

112
 KEY LANGUAGE NEGATIVES AND QUESTIONS
For both countable and uncountable nouns, use “any” in negative sentences and questions.

COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Use “are” for positive Use “is” for positive

countable statements. uncountable statements.

Use “aren’t” for negative Use “isn’t” for negative

countable statements. uncountable statements.

Use “are there” for Use “is there” for

countable questions. uncountable questions.

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH STATEMENTS AND QUESTIONS

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BY FILLING IN THE GAPS, SPEAKING OUT LOUD

113
 VOCABULARY FOOD CONTAINERS

KEY LANGUAGE MAKING UNCOUNTABLE THINGS COUNTABLE

Uncountable
nouns can be
made countable
if they are placed
in containers.

FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

114
 KEY LANGUAGE QUESTIONS ABOUT QUANTITIES
You use “many” to ask questions about quantities of countable nouns,
and “much” to ask questions about quantities of uncountable nouns.

Use “many” for countable questions. Use “much” for uncountable questions.

FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS ABOUT QUANTITIES

FILL IN THE GAPS USING LISTEN TO THE AUDIO

“HOW MUCH” AND “HOW MANY” AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

Listen as Mila and Jon

plan a shopping trip.

CHECKLIST
Uncountable nouns Food containers Talking about food

115
 Measuring
Use “enough” when you have the correct New language Measurements
number or amount of something. Use “too many” Vocabulary Ingredients and quantities
or “too much” if you have more than enough. New skill Talking about amounts

KEY LANGUAGE “ENOUGH / TOO MANY”

Use “enough,” Eggs are countable.
“not enough,”
and “too many”
You need four eggs. Two is not enough.
to talk about
quantities of
countable nouns. Use “enough”
for questions.
Four eggs is the correct amount: enough.

Five eggs is more than enough: too many.

FURTHER EXAMPLES “ENOUGH / TOO MANY”

READ THE RECIPE AND CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT

WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

116
 KEY LANGUAGE “ENOUGH / TOO MUCH”
Use “enough,”
“not enough,” and We need eight ounces of flour. Do we have enough?
“too much” to talk
about quantities of
uncountable nouns.

4oz 8oz 12oz

You need eight ounces of Eight ounces is the Twelve ounces is more
flour. Four is not enough. correct amount: enough. than enough: too much.

FURTHER EXAMPLES “ENOUGH / TOO MUCH”

LISTEN AND MATCH THE CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT

PICTURES TO THE AMOUNTS WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE
Sheila and Vikram are
preparing to bake a cake.

CHECKLIST
Measurements Ingredients and quantities Talking about amounts

117
 Vocabulary
CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES

118
CLOTHING SIZES

DESCRIBING CLOTHES

COLORS (US) / COLOURS (UK)

119
 At the shops
You can use many different verbs to talk about what New language Using “too” and “fit”
happens when you are shopping. Use “too” and Vocabulary Shopping and clothes
“enough” to describe how well clothes fit you. New skill Describing clothes

VOCABULARY SHOPPING VERBS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

120
 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

READ THE MESSAGES LISTEN TO THE AUDIO

AND CIRCLE 12 ADJECTIVES AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

Five groups of friends are talking

about the things they want to buy.

121
 KEY LANGUAGE ANSWERING “DOES IT FIT?”
In English, you use “enough” and “too” with adjectives
to describe how well a piece of clothing fits you.

The noun comes first when

asking if something is the correct size.

MATCH THE PHRASES FILL IN THE GAPS USING

THAT MEAN THE SAME THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

122
 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHICH PIECE OF CLOTHING
EACH PERSON DESCRIBES

USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM

OUT LOUD

Start with a Choose an Choose Choose the Finish with

determiner. adjective. a noun. correct verb form. a size adjective.

CHECKLIST
Using “too” and “fit” Shopping and clothes Describing clothes

123