Examples:

 If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.

But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.
 If I had taken French in high school, I would have more job opportunities.
But I didn't take French in high school and I don't have many job opportunities.
 If she had been born in the United States, she wouldn't need a visa to work here.
But she wasn't born in the United States and she does need a visa now to work here.

Examples:

 If I were rich, I would have bought that Ferrari we saw yesterday.

But I am not currently rich and that is why I didn't buy the Ferrari yesterday.
 If Sam spoke Russian, he would have translated the letter for you.
But Sam doesn't speak Russian and that is why he didn't translate the letter.
 If I didn't have to work so much, I would have gone to the party last night.
But I have to work a lot and that is why I didn't go to the party last night.
 If you listened more carefully in class, you would get better grades in Maths.
 If you had listened more carefully in class, you would have gotten better grades in maths.

 The main difference is that you can use the Second Conditional to describe a result that
can happen although it is unlikely that it will, while you use the Third Conditional to
describe a situation that could have happened in the past had a condition been met.
 The point is this - the Second Conditional denotes an action that could still happen in the
future, while the Third Conditional describes an event that didn’t happen in the past,
although it could have, and that will remain unchanged


2. Present condition/past result - The other mixed conditional is even more difficult than the
last. We take the “main” part of the Third Conditional and the “if” part of the Second
Conditional. We use Past Simple Tense in the if-clause and would + have + past participle in the
main clause.
We use this mixed Conditional to express a present condition, i.e. something that hasn’t
changed from the past, to describe why a certain past result didn’t occur.

 If I had more money, I would have gone to France.

 If I slept longer, I would not have been too tired to go to class.
 If she tried harder, she would have been more successful.
1. Past ⊃ Present
This mix conditional describes the unreal present result of an unreal past
condition.

 If I had studied finance, I would have more job opportunities.

 If he had been born in the United States, he wouldn’t need a tourist visa.
 If you had prepared better for the interview, you would be working at that
company.
 If I had won that competition, I would be rich right now.
3. Present ⊃ Past
This conditional expresses how an unreal general condition would have affected a
past situation. While the form in the if-clause is past tense, the meaning refers to a
condition that is present and extends into a past. The if-clause of this conditional
typically uses stative verbs or verbs that refer to a general ability, habit, or ongoing
situation.

 If I were rich, I would have bought that house.

 If Ben spoke Chinese, he would have translated the form for you.
 If I drank coffee, I would have ordered a cup.
 If I were you, I would have bought that hat.