Module 1

General Concepts and

Historical Development
Inah Andrea M. Din, PABE
Intended Learning Outcomes
a. Demonstrate the interactions between S&T
and society throughout history
b. Discuss how scientific and technological
developments affect society and the
environment
c. Identify the paradigm shifts in history
 Points to Ponder

1. How does technology change throughout

history?
2. How does it affects humanity?
3. How does it affects our environment?
4. What are the technological advances in the
Philippines?
 Overview
Science and technology play a major
role in human lives from households,
transportations, communications,
education, agriculture, engineering,
health and nutrition.
 Introduction
What is Science?
Comes from the Latin word scientia, meaning
“knowledge.”
According to Britannica Encyclopedia, it is defined
as any system of knowledge that is concerned
with the physical world and its phenomena and
that entails unbiased observations and systematic
experimentation. In general, a science involves a
pursuit of knowledge covering general truths or
the operations of fundamental laws.
 Introduction
What is technology?

Etymologically the word comes from Greek and includes

téchne (art or craft) and logia (study of something).
It is the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation
and use of technical means and their interrelation with
life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such
subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science,
and pure science.
It also refers to methods, systems, and devices which
are the result of scientific knowledge being used for
practical purposes.
 Relationship between Science and
Technology
Science contributes to technology in at least six ways: (1) new knowledge
which serves as a direct source of ideas for new technological
possibilities; (2) source of tools and techniques for more efficient
engineering design and a knowledge base for evaluation of feasibility of
designs; (3) research instrumentation, laboratory techniques and
analytical methods used in research that eventually find their way into
design or industrial practices, often through intermediate disciplines; (4)
practice of research as a source for development and assimilation of new
human skills and capabilities eventually useful for technology; (5) creation
of a knowledge base that becomes increasingly important in the
assessment of technology in terms of its wider social and environmental
impacts; (6) knowledge base that enables more efficient strategies of
applied research, development, and refinement of new technologies.
 Relationship between Science and
Technology

The converse impact of technology on science is of at

least equal importance: (1) through providing a fertile
source of novel scientific questions and thereby also
helping to justify the allocation of resources needed to
address these questions in an efficient and timely
manner, extending the agenda of science; (2) as a source
of otherwise unavailable instrumentation and techniques
needed to address novel and more difficult scientific
questions more efficiently.
 0 To ensure national security and
SECURITY
1 social stability

0 ECONOMY
To sustain the growth of the
national economy and to
2 improve its efficiency

Roles of Science
0 INFORMATION
To prepare for a smooth
and Technology TECHNOLOGY
transition to an information
3 society

0
LIFE To improve the quality of life
4

0 To create a new culture suitable

CULTURE
5 for the new society
 References
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/technology
https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/business-models-for-
digital-economy/29481
https://www.britannica.com
Harvey Brooks, The relationship between science and
technology, Research Policy, Volume 23, Issue 5, 1994, Pages
477-486, ISSN 0048-7333
https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu04te/uu04te0g.h
tm
Contact Information

Name: Inah Andrea M. Din, PABE

E-mail: inahandrea.din@urs.edu.ph