Chapter 1:

Nature and Relationship of

Science, Technology and
Society
 What is SCIENCE?

From Latin scientia - knowledge

Science is a system of acquiring knowledge based on
the scientific method, as well as the organized body
of knowledge gained through such research.
Science sometimes termed as pure science to
differentiate it from applied science, which is the
application of scientific research to specific human
needs.
 What is SCIENCE?

Fields of science are commonly classified into two

major lines:
1. Natural sciences, which study natural phenomena
(including biological life), and
2. Social sciences, which study human behavior and
societies
 What is TECHNOLOGY?

From Greek word “technologia” - techne (art, craft,

skill), and logia (word).
1.Application of scientific knowledge for practical
purposes
2.Involves the design or products, systems, and
processes that affect the quality of life
3.An applied enterprise concerned with producing
appliances, tools, machines, and techniques
4.Products are called inventions
 Interconnection
between SCIENCE and
TECHNOLOGY
Science explores for the purpose of knowing, while
technology explores for the purpose of making
something useful from that knowledge.
Without science, technology could not proceed.
Without technology, some science experiments would
not be possible.
Science drives technology by making new technology
possible through scientific breakthroughs.
Science is a way of Knowing while
Technology is a way of Doing
 What is SOCIETY?

The term society emerged in the fifteenth century and

is derived from the French société. The French word,
in turn, had its origin in the Latin societas, a "friendly
association with others," from socius meaning
"companion, associate, comrade or business partner.“
A society is a group of individuals, which is
characterized by common interest and may have
distinctive culture an institutions.
 What is STS?

Study of how social, political, and cultural

values affects scientific research and
technological innovation and how these in
turn affect society, politics and culture
 From CHED Memorandum Order No. 20
• Science, Technology, and Society is an interdisciplinary
course engages students to confront the realities brought
about by science and technology in society. Such realities
pervade the personal, the public, and the global aspects of
our living and are integral to human development. Scientific
knowledge and technological development happen in the
context of society with all its socio-political, cultural,
economic, and philosophical underpinnings at play. This
course seeks to instill reflective knowledge in the students
that they are able to live the good life and display ethical
decision making in the face of scientific and technological
advancement.
• This course includes mandatory topics on climate change
and environmental awareness.
 Importance of STS to
the Students

STS prepares students to understand both the technical

and social dimensions of science and technology, helps
them become more thoughtful and better-informed
citizens of our high-tech society, and develops their
critical interdisciplinary thinking, research, and
communication skills. Students flourish intellectually in
an environment where critical questioning is encouraged
and opportunities for research are abundant.
Interaction of Science, Technology
and Society
 Sample Interaction of
Science, Technology and
Society
A Science - Technology Interaction A Science - Society Interaction

Example: Research on the methods of

Example: Discovery of electricity SCIENCE

serves as the baseline of most of how to increase the production of rice.

the inventions.

STS

Interactions
TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY

A Technology-Society Interaction

Example: Internet can gather information faster than books

also people can communicate to others through internet faster.

 Activity No. 1
Make an illustration of one specific societal issue
(either positive or negative) in your community.
1.Discuss the connection of science and
technology in your specific societal issue.
2.Can society influences science and technology?
Or it is science and technology influence the
society? Explain and cite examples.
 Assignment No.1

• Give five (5) developments of Science and Technology

according to the following periods/eras:
a.Pre-historic
b.Ancient
c.Middle
d.Modern
 References :
• http://mickogrady.blogspot.com/2012/08/the-relationship-
between-science.html
• https://slw.univie.ac.at/en/studying/master-programmes/
science-technology-society-master/
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Relationship-
between-Science-Technology-and-the-
Society_fig2_308961638
• https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Society