ANSWERS
Self Assessment Paper-4
Science
Section-A
1. Option (D) is correct.
Explanation: Zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid
to form zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas. When a
burning candle is brought near the hydrogen gas,
it burns with a pop sound which confirms the
presence of hydrogen gas.
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2↑1
2. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Since, copper is more reactive than
Ag, so it can displace Ag from its nitrate solution
and shows a displacement reaction. Similarly,
magnesium being more reactive than aluminium
displaces it from its sulphate solution.1
3. Option (D) is correct.
Explanation: A basic salt is made up of a
combination of a weak acid and a strong base.
Since sodium acetate is made up of weak acid
(acetic acid) and a strong base (NaOH), it is basic in
nature.1
4. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: PVC is a polymer and a bad
conductor of electricity. It is used as an insulating
material for covering electric wires. Graphite is a
good conductor of electricity, so cannot be used
as insulating material. Sulphur is a non-metal
although non-conductor of electricity but brittle in
nature. So, cannot be used as insulating material.1
5. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Unsaturated hydrocarbons have
multiple covalent bonds (double or triple bond)
like alkene and alkyne.1
6. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: When zinc reacts with hydrochloric
acid, the reaction bubbles vigorously as hydrogen
gas is produced.1
7. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) is an acidic
solution and hydrogen (H2) is a gas.
Zn(s) + H2SO4(l) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)↑ 1 diminished, inverted and a real image is formed.1
8. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: The palisade mesophyll layer is
made up of closely-packed, elongated cells
located just below the upper epidermis. They
contain chloroplasts and carry out most of the
photosynthesis.1
9. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: When a tendril touches an object,
then the side in contact with the object grows
slower than its other side, (i.e., rapid cell divisions
occur in cells that are away from the support). This
causes the tendril to bend towards the object by
growing towards it, wind around the object and
cling to it.1
10. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: Double fertilisation is a unique event
in flowering plants. It gives rise to endosperm,
which provides nourishment to the developing
embryo.1
11. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: This is a case of monohybrid cross,
in which all the progenies in the F1 generation
show dominant character. Hence, tallness is the
dominant trait.1
12. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: Heterotrophs are organisms which
cannot make their own food from inorganic
substances like CO2 and water as they do not have
chlorophyll to trap solar energy. They depend
on other organisms for their food. Autotrophs
synthesise their own food through photosynthesis
by utilising solar energy, e.g., green plants.1
13. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: The phenomenon of splitting of
white light into its seven constituent colours when
it passes through a glass prism is called dispersion
of white light. The various colours seen are Violet,
Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange and Red. The
different component colour of light bends at a
different angle w.r.t the incident angle.1
14. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: When the object is at infinity,
2 Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers, SCIENCE, Class-X

15. Option (C) is correct. OR

Explanation: In an ecosystem, the 10% of energy
available for transfer from one trophic level to
the next is in the form of chemical energy. The
producers or green plants capture the energy in
sunlight and convert it into chemical energy which
is passed onward to the other trophic level.1
16. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: The spreading of diseases is not a
consequence of global warming.1
17. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Sodium is a very reactive metal. It
is kept in kerosene to prevent it from coming in
contact with oxygen and moisture. If this happens,
it will react with the moisture present in air
and form sodium hydroxide. This is a strongly
exothermic reaction, and a lot of heat is generated.
Metallic sodium does not melt when exposed to
air.1
18. Option (B) is correct.
The biological process which involves the removal
of harmful metabolic wastes from the body is called
excretion.1
Unicellular organisms remove their waste by simple
diffusion.1
24. Functions of:
(a) Cornea: focuses light rays/permits the light to
enter the eye.
(b) Iris: Controls the amount of light entering the
eye and the size of pupil.
(c) Crystalline Lens: Converges light rays at retina.
(d) Ciliary Muscles: Adjusts the focal length of
the eye lens by contraction and relaxation so
that a sharp image can be obtained on the
retina/helps in accommodation
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2018] ½×4
25. (a)
2.0

difference (V)
Explanation: Mendel proposed the law of 1.6

Potential
inheritance of traits from the first generation to 1.2
the next generation. The law of inheritance is
made up of three laws: Law of segregation, law of 0.8
independent assortment and law of dominance.
0.4
The law of segregation is also known as “Law of
purity of gametes”.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
19. Option (B) is correct. Current (A)

Explanation: The resistivity of the conductors is

V-I graph for a nichrome wire
directly proportional to temperature.1
A straight line plot shows that as the current
20. Option (C) is correct. through a wire increases, the potential difference
Explanation: The first link in any food chain is across the wire increases. This is Ohm’s law. 1
green plants because only they have the capacity (b) Given:
to trap sunlight and synthesise food.1 I = 625 mm = 625 × 10–3 m
R=4W
ρ = 4.8 × 10–7 W m
Section – B A=?
l
Formula, R
21. Calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide A
present in the atmosphere to form calcium l
carbonate which results in milkiness/white ppt. / \A
R
formation of calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O 1 4.8  10 –7  625  10 –3
A
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2022] 4
\ A = 750 × 10-11 = 7.5 × 10-9 m2
22. (i) Oral pills: Changes hormonal balance so eggs Hence, the area of cross section of a wire is
are not released.1 7.25 × 10-9 m2 1
(ii) Loop/Copper-T: Placed in the uterus. Prevent OR
pregnancy by checking the entry of sperms (a) Maxwell’s Right-Hand Thumb rule. The
through the vagina.1 direction of the current is given by Maxwell’s
23. The desert plants are scotoactive, i.e., their stomata Right-Hand Thumb rule, “If the current
open during the night. Therefore, they take up carrying conductor is gripped with the right
CO2 at night and produce intermediate organic hand in such a way that the thumb gives the
acid which breaks up to release CO2. The CO2 so direction of the current, and then the direction
produced internally is used in photosynthesis of the fingers gives the direction of the magnetic
during the day when stomata are closed.2 field produced around the conductor”. 1
 Answers 3
(b) Since the direction of current in the straight
conductor is from Q to P, then according to
29.
• The adrenaline hormone is secreted into the
blood. 1
Maxwell’s Right-Hand Thumb rule, magnetic
field at point A is inside the paper and at point • The heart beats faster resulting in supply of
B is outside the paper. Since r1 < r2 the strength more oxygen to the muscles. ½
of the magnetic field at A is more than at B • Blood is diverted to skeletal muscles. ½
because the greater the distance of a point from
• The breathing rate increases. ½
the current carrying wire, the weaker will be
the magnetic field produced at that point. • The blood supply to the digestive systems and
skin is reduced. ½
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2020]
P
30. After pollen lands on a suitable stigma, the pollen
r1 grain absorbs water and nutrients. It produces a
A
tube called pollen tube. Pollen tube grows through
style and reaches the ovary. Its tip contains a tube
nucleus and two male gametes or sperm cells. The
I
advancing pollen tube enters an ovule, generally
through the micropyle and reaches the interior of
B r2 the embryo sac. Here, the tube bursts to release its
two male gametes. One male gamete fuses with
an egg to form zygote. The process is known as
Q syngamy.
1
26. (a) Plant → Man as it makes more energy available
according to ten per cent law.
(i) Plant will transfer the maximum energy.
(b)
(ii) Man will receive the maximum energy.
1+1

Section – C
27. (a) Displacement reaction 1
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Pb(s) + CuCl2(aq) → PbCl2(aq) + Cu(s)
 (Any one of the reactions or other displacement reaction.)
 1½
(b) Double displacement reaction
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) +
2NaCl(aq)1 ½
 (Any one of the reactions or other double displacement
The second male gamete fuses with binucleate
reaction.)
central cells which forms endosperm. Since the
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2022] process involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei,
it is known as triple fusion. Thus, triple fusion is the
28. (a) Yes, her finding is correct. 1 mole of CO2 is fusion of a male gamete with two polar nuclei inside
produced in both cases. the embryo sac of the angiosperm.3
(b) The amount of salt formed in case (i) is twice
the amount of salt formed in case (ii). 2 + 1 Commonly Made Error
OR
(a) G = Cl2 Students often fail to draw a neat diagram.
C = CaOCl2
(b) Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O
Answering Tip
(c) Common name: Bleaching powder
Chemical name: Calcium oxychloride
Practice self-explanatory diagrams with proper

Note: Give full credit for writing a common name only.
labelling, arrows and headings.
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2020] 1+1+1
4 Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers, SCIENCE, Class-X

31. Object distance, u = –40 cm, image distance V

But I =
v = (90 – 50) = +40 cm R
(a) Focal length of converging lens, f = ?
V×V V2
According to the lens formula: So, P = ⇒ P=
1 1 1 R R
= −
f v u
Electric power =
( Potential difference )2
1 1 1 1 1 Re sis tan ce  1
⇒ = − = +
f 40 −40 40 40
33. (a) The deflection in the compass needle
1 2 1 increases as magnetic field of the current-
⇒= =
f 40 20 carrying conductor is directly proportional to
∴ Focal length of converging lens, f = +20 cm the current flowing through it.
 1 (b) The deflection in the needle decreases as the
(b) If u = –20 cm (object is shifted from 10 cm to 30 magnetic field is inversely proportional to the
cm with respect to 50 cm) f = +20 cm perpendicular distance from the wire.
1 1 1  [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2022] 3
− =
u u f
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Section – D
⇒ = + = + = − =0 ⇒ =0 34. (a) (i) 
Rust will be seen on the plastic-coated
v f u 20 −20 20 20 v
iron piece. ½
⇒v=0
∴ v = ∞ (Reciprocal of 0 is ∞) (ii) Rust will be seen on the painted iron
So the image is formed at infinity. 1 piece.½
(c) If the object is shifted from 30 cm towards (iii) No rust will be seen on the zinc-coated
50 cm, the object lies between the focus and iron piece.1
optical centre of the lens. Then the image (b) (i) The iron rod is in contact with air and
formed will be behind the object, virtual, erect moisture. 1
and enlarged (larger than the object). 1 (ii) Zinc is more reactive than iron and gets
32. (a) Resistance of wire = Slope of the graph oxidised in preference to the iron object.1
According to Ohm’s law, (c) Galvanisation 1
V = IR (or) R = VI OR
V − V1 4−2 2 × 10 (a) (a) Calcination, (b) Reduction, (c) Purification
∴R = 2 = = = 20Ω
I2 − I2 0.2 − 0.1 1 (in the given sequence only)1
 1
(b) Resistance, R’ = 176 Ω, (b) Sulphide ore of copper is heated in air.
Potential difference, V = 220 volts, 2Cu2S + 3O2 → 2Cu2O + 2SO2
No of resistors = n, 2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO21
Current, I = 5A (Note: Full marks to be awarded even when only equations
Resultant resistance = R are written).
According to Ohm’s law, Labelled diagram of electrolytic refining of copper:
V 220
V = IR          ⇒ R= = = 44 Ω
I 5
1  1 1  1 + 1 + 1 + .....n times
= + + .....n times  =
R  R′ R′  R′
1 n R′ 176
=         ⇒ n = = =4
R R′ R 44
Thus 4 resistors of 176 Ω in parallel combination
are required to carry 5 A on a 220 V line. 1
(c) Electric power is defined as the electrical work
done per unit-time.
Power = Work done/Time taken
⇒ P = Wt 3
The work done, W by current, I when it flows
for time t under potential difference V is given
by W = V × I × t joules Commonly Made Error
W V × I ×t
∵ P= \ P= ∴ P=V× I Students usually write vague answers. It seems
t    t    they are confused about the extraction methods
involved.
 Answers 5

(d) Haemoglobin ½
Answering Tip Role: Due to the high affinity for O2, it helps in
its transport from alveoli to the tissue. ½
Understand the concept of ore extraction and  [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2018]
the order of the steps involved in the extraction
and the equation separately for sulphide and 36. (a) (i) The type of lens required by such a person
oxide ores. Diagrams are equally important. to improve the vision is bifocal lens. 1
(ii) A bifocal lens consists of both convex lens
and concave lenses. The convex lens used in
35. (i) Oxygenated: B/D/F [B = Left ventricle/D
bifocal lens is used to correct hypermetropia
=Aorta/F = Left auricle/Pulmonary vein]
(farsightedness) and the concave lens is used
Deoxygenated: A/ C /E [A = Right ventricle / to correct myopia (short-sightedness).1
C = Pulmonary artery/E = Right auricle/Vena 1
cava] ½ + ½+ ½ + ½ (b) P=
f
(ii)
1
P1 = + 3D =
LUNGS f1
Pulmonary artery
(Deoxygenated blood) 1
Pulmonary vein F 1= m = + 0.33 m (Convex lens)
(Oxygenated blood) 3
Right Left 1
atrium atrium P2 = −3D =
f2
V2 V1
Right Left 1
ventricle ventricle Main artery (Aorta) F 2= − = −0.33 m (Concave lens) 3
(Oxygenated blood) 3 
Main vein (Vena cava) HEART
(Deoxygenated blood) OR
(a) Defect of vision – Myopia or short-sightedness
BODY or nearsightedness.
ORGANS Causes of myopia:
(i) Excessive curvature of the eye lens
V1 = Bicuspid valve/Mitral valve becomes more converging.
V2 = Tricuspid valve (ii) Elongation of eyeball.
(1 mark should be deducted if the arrows are not Methods of correction: By the use of concave
correctly marked) lens of suitable power or focal length the
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2020] 2 + 3 defect is corrected. It can be represented by a
suitable diagrammatic representation.
(b) Due to atmospheric refraction.
Commonly Made Error The density of different layers of air keeps on
changing due to which the apparent images
Some students forget labelling after drawing of the stars keep on changing. These changing
the diagram. positions of stars appear as twinkling of stars.
 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2018] 5
Answering Tip

Practice drawing neat and well-labelled Section – E

diagram of the human heart. Incorrect labelling 37. (a) Fourth member is butane (C4H10). 1
may deduct your marks. (b) —CH2— is the difference in the molecular
formula of any two consecutive members of a
OR
homologous series of organic compounds. 1
In Cytoplasm (c) (i) Carboxylic acid group
(a) Glucose Pyruvate
In absence of oxygen (ii) Ketone group1+1
 → Ethanol + CO2 + Energy 1
OR
(b) Fish take in water through the mouth and
(c) Homologous series is a series of organic
force it past the gills where the dissolved
compounds which have the same functional
oxygen is taken up by the blood. 1
group and similar chemical properties. 1
(c) Alveoli 1
C2H6O (C2H5OH) and CH4O (CH3OH) belong
Functions: They contain an extensive network
to same homologous series. 1
of blood vessels which exchange gases. ½
They increase the surface area of absorption of 38. (a) The graph indicates that the average height
gases. ½ of girls during puberty is greater than that of
boys. 1
6 Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers, SCIENCE, Class-X
(b) The title is incorrect because the height of boys
and girls from 0 to 3 years is not given.
(c)
Hormones are released directly into Yes
the bloodstream.
Endocrine glands use electrical No
impulses.
Sex hormones regulate changes Yes
associated with puberty.
 2
OR
(c) Both boys and girls go through the following
changes during puberty:
(i) Sudden increase in height.
(ii) Change in voice. Girls’ voices become
high-pitched, while boys’ voices become
deep and gruff.1+1
39. (a) Graph A represents direct current (DC) while
1 graph B represents alternating current (AC). 2
(b) DC source is the battery and AC source is the
AC generator. 1
(c) Frequency of AC in India = 50Hz. 1
OR
(c) Differences between A (direct current) and B
(Alternating current):
Direct current Alternating current
The magnitude of direct The magnitude of AC
current is constant and changes with time and di-
flows in one direction rection of alternating cur-
only. rent reverses periodically.
Direct current cannot
Alternating current is used
be used for large scale
to run electrical appliances
supply of electricity for
like electric bulb, electric
household purpose.
heater, electric iron,
refrigerator, etc.
1
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