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Abstract: The paper deals with a variable speed, constant variation of excitation current. The generated voltage is
voltage controller for induction generator operating in self- regulated by controlling the current drawn by the inverter.
excited mode. A new PWM controller is proposed to regulate The voltage is regulated irrespective of varying rotor speed,
the induction generator terminal voltage. The proposed transient load, and reactive loads. The controller does not
controller regulates three-phase AC output voltage of the self-
require any real time mathematical computation,
excited induction generator with varying rotor speed, transient
load conditions and reactive loads. The proposed scheme does minimizing hardware and reducing overall cost. A simple
not require any real time computations for calculating over-current protection is incwporated to prevent the
excitation current, thus m h h i z h g the electronic hardware inverter switches fiom being damaged
and the cost of the contrdler. A simple over-current protection The principle of operation of the proposed
is incorporated to protect the inverter switches. Computer controller and its block diagram are explained in section 2.
simulation and experimentd resnlts shaw satisfactory operalion of The controller has been extensively simulated and the
an indu&generatorwiththe proposed contrd scheme. operation is validated by experimental work. The details of
simulation and experimental work are presented in sections
1. INTRODUCTION: 3 and 4 respectively followed by conclusions in section 5.
1999IEEE
0-7803-5769-8/99/$10.000
98
1 I
Resistive load 2 0 -r
99
fixed 70S2 resistance in series with 100 mH inductor. Fig. 4 controller current are shown in Fig. 6. The controller current
shows the generated voltage, lagging load current and the decreases with a reduction in excitation current demand.
controller current. The controller supplies the leading 10
I I
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(A) 00
3 0 4 . . - . - . . , . . . . . . . . J
I S 16 165 17 171 18 185 19 195 LO
m 0)
F i g 6: Respom to step d m in load current (a) Load current
(b) Generated voltage (c) Control!a currect
100
Over-current protection
(A)
0
The placement of current sensors directly in series
with the controller, enable the controller to be protected
against over-current. Operation of the controller against
over-current is shown in Fig. 8, where the transient load
current reaches the trip current reference at 1.64 sec. A
mechanical contactor trips the controller and generator
voltage decays as shown in the figure.
1.0
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1
4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS:
1.5 155
TImE (a
1.6
Reactive load
The reactive load test is performed with a balanced
three phase RL load comprising IOOQ resistance in series
with 200 mH inductor. The generated voltage and lagging
load current waveforms are shown in Fig. 9, while, the
generator voltage and w e n t wavefonns are shown in Fig. 10.
Trmient load
The rotor speed is adjusted to 900 rpm at steady
state with 200Q resistance. The three phase balanced
resistive load is decreased from 200R to IOOQ using a
mechanical contactor. After the sudden change in load, the
rotor speed drops to 870 rpm. The increase in load causes
transient decrease in the generated voltage as shown in Fig.
11.
Similarly, the response of the controller to step
decrease in load is shown in Fig. 12. In this experiment,
rotor speed is adjusted to 900 rpm at lOOQ load resistance.
The per phase balanced load resistance is suddenly increased
form lOOQ to 200Q in a step manner. The rotor speed
1.6s 17 1.75
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machine wind generation system”, KEEE trans. on PE 191 S. S. Wekhande and V. A g m a l , “ Static VAR
vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 1997, pp. 87-95. compensator with supply side current sensors and
[6] S. R Silva and R. 0. C. Lya, “PWM convefter for improved transient response using feed-forward control
excitation of induction generators”, The European ”, IEEE-PEDES’98, Australia, pp. 757-76 1.
Power Electronic Conference EPE-’93, pp. 174- 178. [IO] S. S. Wekhande and V. Agarwal, “A simple wind
[7] C. B. Jacobina, E. R C. da Silva, et. al. “Induction driven self-excited induction generator with regulated
generator static systems with a reduced number of output voltage”, Accepted in rNTELEC’99 conference
components”, IEEE IAS annual meeting 1996, pp. 432- to be held in Denmark in June 1999.
439. [ 111 S . S . Wekhande and V. Aganval, “Wind driven self-
[8] Y. W. Liao and E. Levi, ‘Modeling and simulation of a excited induction generator with simple de-coupled
stand-alone induction generator with rotor flux oriented excitation control”, Accepted in Annual IAS’99
control”, Journal of Ele. power systems research, vol. conference to be held in USA in Oct. 1999.
26, 1998, pp. 141-152.
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