Further specific and latent heat questions

Data
Specific heat capacity of aluminium = 910 J kg-1 K-1.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 K-1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 335 000 J kg-1
Specific latent heat of evaporation of water 2.26 MJ kg-1
1. How much heat energy is needed to heat 4 kg of aluminium by 8 oC?
2. If 48 000 J of heat energy are given off when a 2 kg block of metal cools by 12 oC,
what is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
3. A 50 W heater is used to heat, an aluminium block with a mass of 5 kg. After 10
minutes the temperature of the block has risen by 4 oC. Calculate:
(a) the heat given out by the heater;
(b) the specific heat capacity of aluminium.
(c) Why is your answer different from the correct value given in the data above?
4. How much heat energy is given out when 3 kg of water at 40 oC cool to 25 oC?
5. How much heat energy is given out when 500 g of steam at 100 oC condenses and
then cools to 50 oC?
6. Why is a scald by steam at 100 oC much more painful than one by water at 100 oC?
7. How long will it take a 50 W heater to melt 2 kg of ice at 0 oC?

Further specific and latent heat questions

Data
Specific heat capacity of aluminium = 910 J kg-1 K-1.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 K-1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 335 000 J kg-1
Specific latent heat of evaporation of water 2.26 MJ kg-1
1. How much heat energy is needed to heat 4 kg of aluminium by 8 oC?
2. If 48 000 J of heat energy are given off when a 2 kg block of metal cools by 12 oC,
what is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
3. A 50 W heater is used to heat, an aluminium block with a mass of 5 kg. After 10
minutes the temperature of the block has risen by 4 oC. Calculate:
(a) the heat given out by the heater;
(b) the specific heat capacity of aluminium.
(c) Why is your answer different from the correct value given in the data above?
4. How much heat energy is given out when 3 kg of water at 40 oC cool to 25 oC?
5. How much heat energy is given out when 500 g of steam at 100 oC condenses and
then cools to 50 oC?
6. Why is a scald by steam at 100 oC much more painful than one by water at 100 oC?
7. How long will it take a 50 W heater to melt 2 kg of ice at 0 oC?
Answers and worked solutions
1. Energy = mCθ = 4  1200  8 = 29120 J

2. Specific heat capacity = energy / (m θ) = 48000 / (2  12) = 2000 J kg-1 K-1

3. (a) Output energy = power x time = 50  10  60 = 30,000 J

(b) Specific heat capacity = energy/ (m θ) = 30000 / (5  4) = 1500 J kg-1 K-1
(c) Heat loss to the surroundings, so the energy retained by the metal is less than
30,000, so the value of C should be lower.

4. Heat energy given out = mCθ = 3  4200  (40 – 25) = 189,000 J= 189 kJ

5. Energy in condensing =mL = 0.5  2260000 = 1,130,000 J

Energy during cooling = mCθ = 0.5  4200  50 = 105,000 J
Total energy given out = 1,130,000 + 105 000 = 1,235,000 J =1,235,000 J

6. Because it has to condense first before cooling so giving out a large amount of
latent heat.
7. Power x time = mL so time = mL/power = 2  335000 / 50 = 670000 / 50 = 13400 s =
223 min = 3.7 hours = 3 hrs 43 minutes
(Assumes no heat lost to the surroundings and the water remains at 0 oC.)