UNIT-II

IMAGE RESTORATION

DeHrniion-
which we get
Restoxation 1s a process in
Image
thc degaaded image
mage
af 03:9inal image faorn
appxorimation
appxorimation

filters.
xCstovation
by using
Model:
Image Degadakion /Resoxation
Tmage
y) Degadotion|
g9 Rcstozation«
function
H
rtcY

image and 'H

19 03xiginal
I n above block diagzam f(xy) omPonent

a no; Sc
1S a degxadation function , no1)
s

and g,y) 1s degadcd image by cnvoing

Gnvoving
inage g y ) iS
obtained by
The degsadation Com Poncnt
rotse Cam ponent
funckion H' along wiEh
degsadation
y) to the oginal im age f(XY).
+n(N9)
99) fA9) * hcxy)
F(uv) A (u,v) +N(uV)
G7 Cuv)
19 c p r e entad s tn focg domain
foe2. domain
The degsaded tmagc
wortten in above.
lhat 1s
domain
1S in facg.
whexe F(uv) The îmage
Sscg. dorrain
HCuw) = degaadaion n în

în facg.dornain
omporrent
N u v ) = Notse
Cnit-3, 13
 fry) denofcs appaoximation
Tn he above blook diaqsam
that is obtainccd by applying
o he 0xiginal image
xcstosation
/p to
degsade image g(Yy) as a

Alhebxaic Resfovation'
Rcsfodadion 15 of tuo ypes.
Algebraic
) Censloaincd Reskoxation
Onconsfaincd Restoxation
Conskxained Restoxalion:-
assume
CXsor ) Let us
(Mean Squaste
Minimi3c

15 I1g-H?
The Mean squane ev0y

Le as assurnd C? a#l+ l9-HI

Thc Constöair
The atove expression equatino to
7s Zero.

Reskovation o funcion I n that we Should substac

the nois Cornponent

Can
let us assume a Conskant then the above
be wtte i as,

To Mintmie the emor We have to

to Con5idc
above
0Xde desivative and
Cquating t to the zexo.

nit-3 9l13
) la?1 :5 fn
a of n-Ig-HI

d;

laf+4 il9-H#-I}l=o
af-2« (H) (3-H?> =o
26 2kH (3-H) =o

aQf- 4gH 4 4HH =o

laa f HHTË]- «gH"

f aa Y+HH]-9#
e us assume =1
9H

Cac HH)

[aaTy+ HH] 9HT

f

Unit-3 313
 The above a funcbion cn 15 the inal op of

Corns brained Rc storalion

Constaained
Estimaled ofp s apphed by usingy
Rcsforation
On -ConsBaincd Restovation'-
we know that fom thc basit block diaqam
of deqadakion Moclal

g-HE
Restoration 1s used fo Mintmiie
An un-ConsBaained

Hcan S2uaNe e1NO

( Inl - Ig- Hf*

nnT lg-HfI (g-Hf)

to zso by t
By eyuatinq mcan 5guane es1N0a
0dder dcsivative.

19-'] -o
-

2H (g-H? ) =0
A

-9HT HHT -a
HH HT

Unit-3 4l 13
 InveYse FiHcsing
sestor
*This v e s e illexing, 1s best approach to get a

estoxation,
op in his e an use uncon stsained
dcstosation cstoxe
accoding to the unconskaained

olp 15 epresentcd bby,

gH

expyession in the
the rez
4IC?.
eprescnt lhe above
let us

domain
GICav)
u,v) H (u,v)
FCuv) H(u) +N(u)

H(uv)
NCuv
tav) F(uv) + Huv)

NuN)
Fuv) Fuv Huv)

N (uv)
F (uw) Gluv)

E (uN HUV) H(u)

Oni-3 5h3
 Cuv)
G7(uv)
f Cu v)
H(u v)

above Cn. we a1C no

Ho
* applying IFT

(y) oxnginal imoge

9elting eact

invexse Fouie Ezanstomn

CC fX,y)

*Because in the above cxp3ession we knoc

only
Cn
Component value s
degradation value and reise

mknocon.
* In the above cgnsF (uv)' denotes scq. dormain
epresentation of 0t9inal mage tx) and fse.

domain epresentation of degsadation image GCx9)

G (a 9)

and HCuv) is denotes ansfer turctio n [feg.

domain vepresentation of degaadation n 'H'.

Minimum Mean 5guae eror THCinGY] fltecx-

a Mcan S9uaxe
*weiner filkex 1s uScd fox Minimiaing
fn and he No'Se Compo-
Crros In this degsadation
as Random vaiables
ncnts ate Considcscd
Thercfore the cstore op s obtaired by Ninimiäina
the Hean Suaie erod S
Mean Sguane croY

epyesentad by

where f undeqsadcd image

Restored output

Unit-3, G13
 Restove o/p cp»cscntcd m regucncy dornain ith
undegvaded
he hep of fowcx specl>al densily of
of NoiSe
fmage and power SPccloal densy

fcu) Ga Cu)
IHN)l's uw)+S,w)
(uV HuNw)
Snu,v)Gr(u GtaN))
°FUN) (HtuND|+

HCuw= H(uw) H*(u N)

IHOu M) Cn(uv)
fauv) H(av) Huv)+na
LS (uv)
xanform degade
dqade
denotes

the above cxprcssion H(uv)

Tn
function to 'H
undegaaded mage.
mage.
dcnotes PsD o
Cu)
S omponent
Notse
denokes PsD of fransfam of
of
dojadation
degraation
Sn (4v) Coniugate of
Conjugate
xansfam

denotcs Cornple
Hu»v)
&cduce
cduce the noise
noise |
we
wC Can
Caan
f'n to no:se
otio

Using 5ignal
Byy tc as
it as
SNR 5
i-e,
ComPonenf

IFawl

SNRMN N (a)

N
M

Onit 3, |13
 nluv

whcxc 61 (u ) denotCs degradcd nage

o1Comcfdical Mcan ilfcr

The gcomelaical MCan fllcr is having ta 59uate

ilh a powCy d and1-<'.

brackels is having
lisalion af teinc f:lt c
a 9cncaa

*The xsBoxcd olp is eprcsenlcd b PCuv)

(u»v)
-

HuN)7* H (uN)
Gi(uv)
PCuv) H(uv IHCuv)+p Snuv

and cal Conslants

whec, B a1e +ve
diffexent valucs of we gek nuerse
*BB substituting
alkesstandaxd
mverse
hwe&se
WCinc&
Sller and Pasameter

faller and axo We iner hlHcr and by Subsliluting 'a'

'p'l then etse
valuc 1s greatcr han 2 («>%) and

gef geomckaical Mean filkcx olp.

above eg'n.we get invcase
1 in
) By substitulingd
1)
frltex op i-e
HAv)
Huv)1
ftuv) THuv*HCuv)4p [Sn(uv) G(u

HCu)
IHtuv) G(uV)

Tnvcse filkcs o/p.

Unit-3
 ) NOCw ubstitute d %. hen WC gct Po ramc taic
weiney tillcs o/r.
uv Huv)
Fcu v) -

GiCuv)
IH(u Huv)+B SSn(uN
[Sg (uJJ
Faxarnefxic weine illcr olp
tii) n oeder to gekting slandaxd einey frltcs olpP we

shoukd Substitute the valuc of s lesslhan %

(o ic, o) and B alue =

t-O
HCuN)7°r Hu)
fca Gu)
THCUND
IHuwLsuvJ
H Cuv)
uv) Hul Sptuw Gatuv)

P .
then
F l:l thcn
and
and
substituking the value of d
By
Mean hhcr olp.
itcs olp
9eometaic
we get
Mean s9uane /tcaing-
Corstaainad least
2uaxe iteatng is Mainly
least Mean
This on stoained that
that 15
15 one
one
iS
is Vasiance
Vaiance

Pasameters
on o
de pends
one isS Mean.
Second
and the block
Restoxation
to the degxadation /by
ACcoding
degadcd image s obtaine
know at a
we
diagxam .

(undegoaded mage) sth

with
cornvolving fx»y)
by
by
and noise Com Ponet nr y).
degaada tion f
unit-313
 fo Convolvcd o
is addcd

9() F0y)* H(X»y) +nxy)

fom
vecor fon
Vectox
be wrile
witc t 09
0s
Can
expxession
7he above

Hf4 n>0)

whexc, H degradalion furdion

function

f Lmdegaded mage
n'
omPonent
n no}se

vation
must be
be Constoainecd
lonsteaine

e he csto
*To Meantnqtull
blems af
af hand.
hand Thus,
of the pxo
by the Paxametcrs Cxtasian
aitasian
find he Minimum
whaf 1s desired 1s do

defincd as,
kretion that 1s

H-1N-

Caitaian fn
where, C Min,mum

(ov) lapaBion opevator

v ay)= laplacjan
Constrained
Subiect to the
19-H= lIni0)
The Restoration o n fseg. domain 7s dePacsented b
fca)

unit-3, l6|13
 H Cuv)
fcuv CnCa v)

IH(uv +x(puv)
1s YCPCCrled
7he mvexc of Power spcctxal densily
with Pr

PXy) -

)
-I

FSom he egn au) we Can Corncludc that b

difcsent
Ssubséituting diffeYcnt valucs of (y we
w e gek
TnVCase
nvcase
then if is egual to
Restoxation o P s I Xo

tle ing ofp. we should

to gelting belter Restored
*In oxde
define a esidual" as

Y9 -Hf

pa)=T

wherc '1s an Honotonically

.txt =lIn/l t a
csidual f'n
*T1s not a d:fficult to ind out a

bcttcr 3esfoxe o/P

of an image nosde
to getking
bc6ing he follocoing PYOceduae skeps we Can

Loni-3t13
 csidual fn value
go tihe
)subsf:tude the value

) Conpute he residuc (lix1)

Pocess
when Ilil-ni 2a
lxll-ttn2a
Processer (ox)
iStop the
Continue the
the by
b
process
Sabisficdofherwise
i5
15 Safisfied, IlvnE tnh a
decreasing
'value if
il19 Sakisfied
' value
(0X) by tncrcasinghe
the con dikion I = IIn/t-a
value
5 zc0 lo)
Co)
whee, a' 1s Cornstan&

then we get

above shauld find out he values o

For the we

Ili and Iml

esiducin fe9. domain
*we kmow that the

RCuv (uv) Hu vof(u)

discacte fouic r txansfom to
By aPPlying invese

above cxpaession we get the xesidue in SPatial ox

SPacial domain.

Uni-3, 12/13
 Jn above Suma tion ndiCafcs
CxpcsSion, double
double Hagnilude
subsl;(utde the
the
fox gelting desivad olp we stoud
of Cornponcnt
vakics of Vaiance and Mcan roisec

2 2n(y) -mn(y)
mn 2210y)
mnMN xo
CornPonent
where mn Smple Mean value o nise

Conclude that the

hat
Can
*FXom the beloc exprcssion w

Mean and
and
obtained by &abstitutinq,
optimized o is

vaiance of no1se.

unit-3, 1313