CHILD HEALTH NURSING

INTRODUCTION

• Pediatric word is derived from a Greek word.'Pedia'

means child.
• A branch of science which deals with child health is
known as pediatrics.
• Father of Pediatrics: ABRAHAM JACOBI
• Father of Indian pediatrics: K.C. CHOUDHURY
• 1st Indian pediatrician: JEEVIKA KASHYAP
INTRODUCTION
• 14th nov: International children's day
• 1st printed book on pediatrics: LITTLE BOOK ON
DISEASE IN CHILDREN(Italian)
• 1st English book: Book of children
• Govt. of India adopted National Policy of Children:
AUG 1974
• UNO adopted Rights of child:1959
• Basic right of child:10
• Child labour Act: 1986
Modern Concept Of Pediatric Nursing:

It includes Continuous and Preventive care of

whole child.
Comprehensive care:
Preventive care
Promotive care
Curative care
Rehabilitation
Vital statistics:

Acc to 2014:

 Infant Mortality Rate:39/1000 live birth (27/1000)

 Neonatal mortality rate: 28/1000 live
birth(20/1000)
 post neonatal or late neonatal mortality rate:
13/1000 live birth
 Under five mortality rate: 49/1000 live
birth(33/1000)
BABY FRIENDLY
HOSPITAL INITIATIVE:
Launched by WHO and UNICEF in
1992 (1991)
Started in India in 1993
It includes ten steps:
hospital policy
staff competency
Antenatal care
care right after birth
support mother with bf
supplementing
rooming-in
responsive feeding
bottles, teats and pacifiers
discharge
INDIA NEWBORN
ACTION PLAN:
MISSION
INDRADHANUSH: Started on 25th dec 2014
target year 2020
7 vaccine preventable diseases
diptheria
pertussis
tetanus
polio
measles
Hep B
childhood TB
IMNCI(Integrated Management Of Neonatal And Childhood
Illness)

 It is focused on 0-5yr children

AIMS:
– to reduce death
– to promote growth and development under five year of
age
– to reduce illness and disability
 It provides treatment under two category
– young infant:(0-2yr)
– children(2-5yr)
COLOR CODING OF IMNCI
UNICEF:

United Nations International

Children's Emergency Fund
established on 11th dec 1946
head quater: New York
to provide emergency health and
food to children in country
GENERAL TERMS:

0-14days=Ovum
14-8weeks=Embryo
8wks-upto birth= Fetus
0-28days= Newborn/Neonate
29days-1yr=Infant (rapid G & D)
1-3yr=Toddler(rapid G & D)
GENERAL TERMS:

3-6yr=Pre school(slow G& D)

6-10yr(girl)=Schoolgoing(slow G& D)
6-12yr(boys)=Schoolgoing(slow G& D)
Adolescent=puberty to adulthood
 Early(12-14yr)
 Middle(14-16)
 Late(16-20)
as per WHO ADOLESCENT is 10-19yrs.
ANTHROPOMET
RIC
MEASUREMENT:

Weight:
 average weight 2.5-3.9kg
 10% extracellular fluid loss in first 7days and
regains in next 10th days.
 Fluid loss is due to immature kidney
 24-30gm wt gain upto 3month of age
 400gm/month upto 1yr
 weight is measured by Infant wt machine
and beam balance
ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENT:

• weight:
x= Birth weight
2x=5month
3x=1yr
4x=2yr
5x=3yr
6x=5yr
7x=7yr
10x=10yr
HEIGHT

• measured by Infantometer(≤1yr) and

stadiometer(≥1yr)
• after 4 yr 6cmheight increased every year till
12yrs
 birth=45-55cm
 3mo=60cm
 9mo=70cm
 1yr=75cm
 4yr=100cm(double)
 13.5-14.5=3x
 FORMULAS:

• 3mo-12mo:
(Age in mo+9)/2

 1yr-6yr:
(Age*2)+8

 7yr to 12yr:
(Age*7)-5/2
 HEAD
CIRCUMFERENC
E

• It is measured in supine position

• tape over occipital protubance at the back
just over ther supraorbital ridge in front of
glabella.
 1.5cm/month increases upto 6mo
 increased HC seen in hydrocephalus
• decreased HC seen in microcephaly
» birth=34-35cm
» 3mo=40cm
» 6mo=42-43cm
» 1yr=45cm=CC
 CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE:

 At birth CC is 3cm less than HC i.e 30cm

 at 1yr HC=CC=45cm
 measured at the level of nipple in mid inspiration.
 ≥5yr= check CC in standing position
 ≤5yr= check in lying position
MID ARM
CIRCUMFERENCE at birth mid arm circumference is
9-11cm
it is measured mid point between
Acromian process and
Olecranon process
it is measured by SHAKIR'S
TAPE
SHAKIR'S TAPE it is used to check malnutrition
Acc to UNICEF
•Red=0-11.5cm
•yellow=11.5-12.5cm
•Green=≥12.5cm
QUESTIONS
 Q.1:If a baby's body weight is 3kg.then at
5months the weight should be:
a)5kg
b)6kg
c)7kg
d)7.5kg

ANS: B
 Q.2.Expected weight of a child at one year
of age whose birth weight was 3.5kg:
a)7.5kg
b)10.5kg
c)11.5kg
d)12.5kg

ANS: B
 Q.3. BFHI started in India in which year?

a)1993
b)1992
c)1946
d)1956

ANS:A
Q.4.Head circumference of newborn baby is larger
than chest circumference by one ofthe following:

a)3cm
b)5cm
c)4cm
d)2cm

ANS:A
 Q.5.The newborn should always be kept
close to the mother for effective:
a)Attachment
b)Parenting
c)Caring
d)Bonding

ANS:D
THANK YOU!