CHRISTMAS EXAM

VOCABULARY
 MARKETING AND GENERATION Z

1. Eco-Friendly:
Respectful towards the environment, not harmful in this regard.
2. Peer:
Someone at your own level. If you are a 10th grader, other high-school students are your
peers.
3. Core Values:
The fundamental beliefs of a person or organization. For example: efficiency, reliability,
sustainability, honesty…
4. Win-Win Situation:
Denotes a situation in which each party is benefitted in some way.
5. Authenticity:
The quality of being authentic, something that is real and genuine.
6. Purpose:
The reason for which something is done or created.
7. Lay-Off Employees:
To dismiss or downgrade an employee because of an external problem.
8. Employee Tenure:
The number of years an employee has been in a company.
9. Tuition Fees:
Money that students pay to a university or college to gain academic qualifications.
10. Bond:
Create a close relationship with someone or something.
11. Customer Retention:
The ability to attract frequent customers.
12. Brand Consciousness:
Being aware of the availability and existence of multiple brands, and choosing to buy from
a specific one.
13. Brand Loyalty:
Selecting a specific brand when it comes to buying a specific product and maintaining
yourself attached to it; either because of a rooted feeling, or because of a desire to stay
in one’s comfort zone.
14. Blatant:
Obvious and intentional, used when we refer to something harmful.
15. Fake News:
False stories that appear to be news flashes. Mass-spread through social media.
16. Sales Copy:
Ineffective and aggressive way of advertisement.
17. CBA:
“Can’t be Arced.” Used when you do not want to do something because you feel lazy.
18. ROI:
“Return on Investments.” Performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an
investment.
19. Checkout Process:
Process a consumer goes through to purchase a product.
20. Big-Ticket Item:
An expensive product.
21. Optimize:
To ensure the best possible outcome out of a situation.
22. Vertical Video:
A video filmed by a camera, mimicking a portrait.
23. Resonate:
When something or someone has a deep impact in a specific field. For example, in the
social media field: influencers.
24. Showcase:
To display or exhibit personal information about yourself.
25. Aspirational-Self:
A version of yourself you would like to achieve.
26. Glean Information:
The action of trying to obtain detailed answers by asking the right questions.
27. Target:
Objective you are trying to achieve or get the attention of.
28. Constant Barrage:
Overwhelming and continuous delivery of words, questions, or information.
29. Take its Toll:
To cause suffering, damage, or decease.
30. Attention Span:
The amount of time you can spend on a task before becoming distracted.
31. Loathe:
Feel intense disgust for.
32. Non-Skippable Ads:
An ad format that may appear pre-, mid-, or post-roll while viewing content that you
cannot close until you fully watch it.
33. Pop-Ups:
Graphical user interface display area, usually a small window, that suddenly appears in
the foreground of the visual interface.
34. Step Up:
To act when there is need or opportunity. To take the initiative, come forward.
35. Transparency:
The quality of being done in an open way and without secrets.
36. Commitment:
Willingness to give your energy to a job or activity.
37. Purchase History:
List of the last items bought out on the internet.
38. Niche (market):
A specific focused market with its own customers, preferences and needs. Focused
towards trying to satisfy a small subgroup instead of the general public.
39. Free Sample:
Product given for free to a potential client, or to an influencer to sponsor your business.
 THE GIG ECONOMY

1. Gig Economy:
An economy in which temporary jobs are a commonplace and companies tend to hire
independent contractors and/or freelancers instead of full-time employees.
The gig economy undermines the traditional economy of full-time workers who rarely
change job positions and choose to focus on a lifetime career.
2. The ‘Precariat’:
The class of people whose income is so irregular it adversely affects both their physical
and psychological well-being.
3. Zero Hours Contract:
A contract in which the worker’s availability for any job is set beforehand. The employer
is not forced to provide regular job conditions for the worker, such as a stable salary, since
every job is paid for independently.
4. Mortgage:
An agreement between a bank and another entity, usually a person, that allows for the
latter to have access to money to buy a property. The money is paid back after a certain
amount of time with an interest rate.
5. Contractors/Self-Employed People:
Those who work for themselves in a variety of professions rather than working for a single
employer or company.
6. Free-Lancers:
Contractors that collaborate with one or multiple companies without having a
professional relationship with them. They are not considered employees by the
businesses.
7. Side-Hustle:
Any kind of employment undertaken in addition to one’s fulltime job. It provides
supplemental income, and is usually free-lance, so it gives you the freedom to decide how
much you want to work and earn.
8. Permanent Job:
A job position in a company that does not have a predetermined end date in the contract.
This type of job usually has additional benefits, such as healthcare or retirement plan;
however, it is more difficult to leave directly.
9. Fixed-Term/Temporary Contract:
A contract that ends when a specific date arrives, or when a specific job is completed.
Companies often rely on temporary employees for different projects, to fill in when a
permanent employee is on vacation, or when there is insufficient budget to hire a full-
time employee.
10. Unemployment Benefits:
Financial compensation that a public organization gives to someone who is unemployed.
11. Income Support:
A subsidy given to those who are out of work.
12. Tax Office:
A public entity with the function of controlling financial movements and collecting the
taxes (income, payroll, property, consumption) that are used for the public service.
13. Social Security Payments:
Money from the government which is given to people who are unemployed or ill. This
money is received in regular, consistent periods of time.
14. Welfare State:
A governmental system with the objective of satisfying the needs of society in order to
achieve social well-being and protection of citizens.
15. Social Safety Net:
Services provided by a community with the primary goal of reducing poverty in a specific
area. For example: job placement, public works or school feeding programs.
16. Healthcare:
The set of services provided by a country or entity for the treatment of those who are
physically or mentally ill.
17. Pensions:
Money periodically paid by the state to elderly people who are retired. This money is also
given to people with special needs.
18. Job Security:
Security provided by a permanent job contract, which ensures the probability of an
individual keeping his/her job.
 BUSINESS AND SOFT SKILLS

1. The Fourth Industrial Revolution:

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a way of describing the blurring of boundaries between
the physical, digital, and biological worlds. It is a fusion of advances in artificial
intelligence, robotics, 3D printing, genetic engineering, quantum computing, and other
technologies.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is paving the way for transformative changes in the way
we live and radically disrupting almost every business sector.
2. Soft Skills:
Soft skills relate to how you work and get along with people. These skills are not usually
quantifiable and are hard to teach. This type of skillset is highly valued by employers.
Examples of soft skills include: communication, teamwork, problem-solving, time
management, critical thinking, decision-making, active listening, among others.
3. Hard Skills:
Skills that are directly relevant to the job you are carrying out, they are often more
quantifiable and easier to learn. For example, a hard skill for a carpenter might be the
ability to operate a power saw.
4. Machine Learning:
Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the
ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly
programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that
can access data and use it to learn for themselves.
5. Artificial Intelligence (AI):
The simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer
systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for
using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite
conclusions) and self-correction. Applications of AI include expert systems, speech
recognition and machine vision. AI is exceptionally wide in scope.
6. Emotional Intelligence (EQ):
The ability to recognize, understand and manage our own emotions and the emotions of
others. In practical terms, this means being aware that emotions can drive
our behavior and impact people (positively and negatively); and learning how to manage
those emotions, especially under pressure.
7. Critical Thinking:
The intellectual process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing,
synthesizing, and evaluating information. This information is gathered from, or generated
by observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication.
8. Visual Communication:
The practice of graphically representing information to create meaning efficiently and
effectively.
9. Labor-Enabling Technologies:
Labor-enabling technologies help workers be more productive. For example, computers
and the internet have made it easier to write essays, find information, or talk to
coworkers.
10. Labor-Replacing Technologies:
Labor-replacing technologies are technologies that can remove the need for human
workers. For example, self-driving cars and industrial robots.
11. Disruption:
Disruption, in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, refers to a radical change
due to technological innovation. For example, digital disruption. Newspapers worldwide
have been digitally disrupted, as they have had to switch from being paper-based
businesses to operating almost entirely through online platforms.
12. Active Listening:
Active listening refers to the ability to focus completely on a speaker in order to
understand his/her message, comprehending the given information, and being able to
respond thoughtfully.
13. Up-Skill:
To learn new skills or to teach workers new skills in order for a business to operate more
efficiently and effectively, hence be more successful.
14. STEM Education:
Education focused on the fields of: science, technology, engineering, mathematics.
15. Blue Collar Workers:
Term that refers to a worker whose profession requires a substantial amount of manual
work.
16. White Collar Workers:
Term that refers to a worker whose profession is based on desk, managerial or
administrative work.
17. Universal Basic Income:
A governmental program in which every adult citizen receives a set amount of money on
a regular basis. The goal of UBI is to alleviate poverty and replace other need-based social
programs.
18. Apprenticeships:
Systems for training new generations of potential workers of a profession.