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MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. The general ledger account representing the subsidiary ledger is known as a control account because:
A. inclusion of both control accounts and subsidiary ledger accounts in the general ledger
improves control.
B. the accuracy of the detailed accounts in the subsidiary ledger can be checked against the
aggregate data and the balance contained in it.
C. subsidiary ledgers eliminate the need to record totals in the general ledger.
D. it includes all transactions in the subsidiary ledger.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Subsidiary ledgers and control accounts
3. Which of the following statements about subsidiary ledgers and control accounts is NOT true?
A. Every entry made to an account in the subsidiary ledger is also reflected in the control
account in the general ledger.
B. All credit entries will be the same in aggregate between the subsidiary ledger and the control
account.
C. The total of the balances appearing in the accounts in the subsidiary ledger should equal the
balance appearing in the control account.
D. If the total of the subsidiary ledger accounts fails to agree with the balance of the control
account, the subsidiary ledger must be in error.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Subsidiary ledgers and control accounts
4. A credit balance in a customer’s account in the debtors’ ledger could be due to:
A. increased credit sales in the period.
B. an overpayment by the customer.
C. a bad debt.
D. return of goods purchased by the customer.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Subsidiary ledgers and control accounts
5. Griffin Ltd made a sale of $800 to a customer on terms of 2/10, n/30 on 1 July. The account was paid
on 8 July. Griffin Ltd would make which of the following postings to the ledger on 8 July?
A. Dr Discount expense $16
B. Dr Accounts receivable $800
C. Cr Discount revenue $16
D. Cr Discount expense $16
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
8. Which of these items is the source document for the sales journal?
A. Purchase order
B. Invoice from supplier
C. Duplicate of invoice sent to customer
D. Copy of receipt sent to customer
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
9. Which of these items is the source document for the purchase journal?
A. Purchase order
B. Invoice from supplier
C. Duplicate of invoice sent to customer
D. Copy of receipt sent to customer
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
10. Gum Ltd maintains subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 July 2015, debtors owed
$4000, and $7200 was owing to creditors. Transactions for year ended 30 June 2016 were as follows:
$
Credit sales 14 000
Cash sales 3000
Credit purchases 23 000
Cash purchases 1500
Cash received from debtors 11 000
Cash paid to creditors 25 000
What was the balance of the debtors control account at 30 June 2016?
A. $3000
B. $7000
C. $10 000
D. $14 000
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
11. Gum Ltd maintains subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 July 2015, debtors owed
$4000, and $7200 was owing to creditors. Transactions for year ended 30 June 2016 were as follows:
$
Credit sales 14 000
Cash sales 3000
Credit purchases 23 000
Cash purchases 1500
Cash received from debtors 11 000
Cash paid to creditors 25 000
What was the balance of the creditors control account at 30 June 2016?
A. $5200
B. $5500
C. $6000
D. $9200
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
12. Plume Ltd maintains subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 January 2016, debtors owed
$3000 and creditors were owed $5600. Transactions for the month of January 2016 were as follows:
$
Credit sales 9000
Cash sales 4000
Credit purchases 16 000
Cash purchases 2000
Cash received from debtors 8000
Cash paid to creditors 17 000
Freight charged to debtors 500
Charged debtors interest on overdue accounts 300
Discount received from creditors 800
Discount allowed to debtors 400
What was the balance of the debtors control account at 31 January 2016?
A. $8400
B. $4100
C. $3900
D. $4400
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
13. Plume Ltd maintains subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 January 2016, debtors owed
$3000 and creditors were owed $5600. Transactions for the month of January 2016 were as follows:
$
Credit sales 9000
Cash sales 4000
Credit purchases 16 000
Cash purchases 2000
Cash received from debtors 8000
Cash paid to creditors 17 000
Freight charged to debtors 500
Charged debtors interest on overdue accounts 300
Discount received from creditors 800
Discount allowed to debtors 400
What was the balance of the creditors control account at 31 January 2016?
A. $5800
B. $4600
C. $3800
D. $7400
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
14. Wrigley Ltd uses subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 July 2015 debtors owed $7000
and creditors were owed $4000. Transactions for year ended 30 June 2016 were as follows:
$
Cash purchases 6000
Credit purchases 11 000
Cash sales 15 000
Credit sales 20 000
Cash paid to creditors 9000
Cash received from debtors 18 000
Discount received from creditors 500
Discount allowed to debtors 700
What was the balance of the creditors control account at 30 June 2016?
A. $11 500
B. $6500
C. $5500
D. $6000
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
15. Wrigley Ltd uses subsidiary ledgers for debtors and creditors. At 1 July 2015 debtors owed $7000
and creditors were owed $4000. Transactions for year ended 30 June 2016 were as follows:
$
Cash purchases 6000
Credit purchases 11 000
Cash sales 15 000
Credit sales 20 000
Cash paid to creditors 9000
Cash received from debtors 18 000
Discount received from creditors 500
Discount allowed to debtors 700
What was the balance of the debtors control account at 30 June 2016?
A. $8300
B. $9700
C. $21 300
D. $9000
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Operation of special journals and subsidiary ledgers
16. Which of the following statements about the Allowance for doubtful debts account is true?
A. The Allowance for doubtful debts account represents cash available to meet losses
incurred when customers are unable to pay their accounts.
B. The Allowance for doubtful debts account functions to adjust the net value of
accounts receivable down to the lower of cost and current estimated collectable
amount.
C. The Allowance for doubtful debts account represents the total of accounts written
off as uncollectable for the current period.
D. None of the answers provided.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
17. The trial balance of Allen Ltd at balance date showed a credit balance of $80 000 in the
Allowance for doubtful debts account. Although the account of a customer standing at
$16 000 had been determined to be uncollectable, this had not been written off. What was
the effect of this neglect on the year-end balance sheet?
A. There was an understatement of total liabilities.
B. There was an overstatement of total assets and shareholders’ equity.
C. There was an understatement of total assets and shareholders’ equity.
D. There was no effect on total liabilities, assets or shareholders’ equity.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
18. The trial balance of Anderson Ltd included the following balances:
Debit Credit
Accounts receivable $35 000
Allowance for doubtful debts $4000
On 1 October 2016, an account for $1600 was determined to be uncollectable. The journal
entry to be made on that date would include a debit to:
A. Bad debts expense.
B. Accounts receivable.
C. Allowance for doubtful debts.
D. none of the answers provided.
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Allowance for doubtful debts
19. The balance in the Allowance for doubtful debts account represents:
A. bad debts written off in the current accounting period.
B. liquid funds available to meet losses arising from customers becoming insolvent.
C. an amount that is deducted from the Accounts receivable account to reduce it to the
estimated realisable value.
D. bad debts written off as Accounts receivable considered uncollectable.
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Allowance for doubtful debts
20. At year end Dodgy Ltd had a balance in Accounts receivable of $40 000 and an Allowance
for doubtful debts of $2000. It was decided to write off as irrecoverable the debt of Houdini
Ltd totalling $3500. It was further decided that the Allowance for doubtful debts should
stand at 10 per cent of Accounts receivable. What was the journal entry needed to write off
the debt of Houdini Ltd as irrecoverable?
A. Dr Allowance for doubtful debts $3500
Cr Accounts receivable $3500
B. Dr Bad debts expense $3500
Cr Allowance for doubtful debts $3500
C. Dr Bad debts expense $3500
Cr Accounts receivable $3500
D. None of the answers provided
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Allowance for doubtful debts
21. At year end Dodgy Ltd had a balance in Accounts receivable of $40 000 and an Allowance
for doubtful debts of $2000. It was decided to write off as irrecoverable the debt of Houdini
Ltd totalling $3500. It was further decided that the Allowance for doubtful debts should
stand at 10 per cent of Accounts receivable. What was the journal entry needed to bring the
Allowance for doubtful debts to the required level after writing off the debt of Houdini Ltd?
A. Dr Bad debts expense $4000
Cr Allowance for doubtful debts $4000
B. Dr Bad debts expense $5150
Cr Allowance for doubtful debts $5150
C. Dr Bad debts expense $5500
Cr Allowance for doubtful debts $5500
D. Dr Allowance for doubtful debts $3500
Cr Accounts receivable $3500
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Allowance for doubtful debts
22. The trial balance of Wentworth Ltd included the following balances:
Debit Credit
Accounts receivable $45 000
Allowance for doubtful debts $6000
An account for $3000 was determined to be uncollectable. The journal entry to be made on
that date would include a debit to:
A. Bad debts expense.
B. Accounts receivable.
C. Allowance for doubtful debts.
D. none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Allowance for doubtful debts
23. At 30 June 2016 Shifty Ltd had a balance of Accounts receivable of $90 000 and an
Allowance for doubtful debts of $4000. It was decided to write off the debt of Wriggler,
totalling $2500, as irrecoverable. It was further decided that the Allowance for doubtful
debts should stand at 5 per cent of Accounts receivable. What was the journal entry needed
to write off the debt of Wriggler as irrecoverable?
A. Dr Bad debts expense $2500
Cr Accounts receivable $2500
B. Dr Bad debts expense $2500
Cr Allowance for doubtful debts $2500
C. Dr Allowance for doubtful debts $2500
Cr Accounts receivable $2500
D. None of the answers provided
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
24. The Allowance for doubtful debts account would appear in the balance sheet under:
A. current assets.
B. current liabilities.
C. shareholders’ equity.
D. property, plant and equipment.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
25. S Ltd has the following balance sheet information on 28 February 2016:
$
Accounts receivable 1 000 000
Allowance for doubtful debts 58 200
Accounts receivable net 941 800
On 28 February 2016, the company receives notification from R Ltd that it has filed for
bankruptcy. The controller of S Ltd decides to write off R Ltd’s account for $10 600. Which
of the following statements is true?
A. Net income and net accounts receivable will decrease.
B. Net income will decrease but no change will occur in net accounts receivable.
C. No change will occur in net income but net accounts receivable will decrease.
D. Neither net income or net accounts receivable will decrease.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
26. K Ltd reported beginning and ending balances in the Allowance for doubtful debts account
of $723 000 and $904 000 respectively. It also reported that write-offs of bad debts
amounted to $648 000. Assuming that no previously written-off accounts had been
collected, what amount did K Ltd record as bad debt expense for the period?
A. $467 000
B. $648 000
C. $829 000
D. $904 000
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
27. Management uses the ageing approach method to calculate the allowance for doubtful debts.
An analysis of the ageing of accounts receivable shows a substantial increase in the accounts
receivable in the over-90-days category. Management does not adjust the allowance for
doubtful debts at year-end. As a result:
A. assets are overstated, and net income is overstated.
B. assets are overstated, and net income is understated.
C. assets are understated, and net income is overstated.
D. assets are understated, and net income is understated.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
28. Management uses the percentage-of-sales approach method to calculate the allowance for
doubtful debts. Management calculated the allowance for doubtful debts on the basis of 2
per cent of sales. However, by year-end it was aware that the rate should have really been 3
per cent of sales. Management does not adjust the allowance for doubtful debts at year-end.
As a result:
A. assets are overstated, and net profit is overstated.
B. assets are overstated, and net profit is understated.
C. assets are understated, and net profit is overstated.
D. assets are understated, and net profit is understated.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
29. Blue Shoes Ltd has gone bankrupt and will not pay $10 000 to XYZ. XYZ has accounts
receivable of $12 million and an allowance for doubtful debts of $500 000. XYZ does not
adjust its accounts for the $10 000 that will not be paid by Blue Shoes Ltd. Which of the
following remarks is true about the financial statements?
A. There is an understatement of net profit.
B. There is an overstatement of total assets and net profit.
C. There is an understatement of total assets and net profit.
D. There is no effect on total liabilities, assets or net profit.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Accounts receivable and contra accounts
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the blind, and the ignorant, metaphorically speaking. Papa brought
them home and mamma took pity on them. Now it was Becky Sill, a
great, overgrown girl of sixteen, whose intemperate father had just
died in the poorhouse, where the three younger children—boys—
were waiting for a chance to be put out to the farmers.
“Look at this ’ere floor, Miss Rose! I’ve scrubbed it white as snow.
And I’ve been a peelin’ of pertaters.”
“This floor is sufficient, Becky; and peeling, and potatoes.”
“O, law, you’re just like your mother. Some people are born ladies
and have fine ways. I wasn’t.”
“You have been very industrious,” I returned, cheerfully; and then I
went at the dinner.
The hungry, noisy troop came home from school. What if they
were all boys!
Do you want a photograph of us? I was past seventeen, not very
tall, with a round sort of figure, and dimples everywhere in my face,
where one could have been put by accident or design. My skin was
fair, my hair—that was my sore point. I may as well tell the truth; it
was red, a sort of deep mahogany red, and curled. My features were
just passable. So, you see, I was not likely to set up for a beauty.
Fan was sixteen, taller than I, slender, blonde, with saucy blue eyes
and golden hair, and given to rather coquettish ways. Nelly was
fourteen, almost as tall as I, with papa’s gray eyes,—only hers had a
violet tint,—and mamma’s dark hair. Daisy was next, eleven, and on
the blonde order. Lily, whose name was Elizabeth, and Tim, aged
seven. Her real cognomen was Gertrude; but we began to call her
Tiny Tim, and the name, somehow stuck to her. What a host of girls,
to be sure!
“Papa,” I said that evening, going to the study for a good night
kiss, where he was writing in the quiet,—“papa, are you sorry to
have so many girls?”
I had been exercised on the subject all day, and I wanted to
dispose of it before I slept.
“Why, my dear! no;” with a sweet gravity.
“But, papa,”—and I stumbled a little,—“it isn’t likely that—that—we
shall all—get married—”
I could not proceed any farther, and hid my face on his shoulder.
“Married! What ever put such an absurd idea into your head,
Rosalind? A parcel of children—married!”
I knew papa was displeased, or he would never have called me
Rosalind.
“O, dear papa, don’t be angry!” I cried. “I was not thinking of being
married, I’m sure. I don’t believe any one will ever like me very
much, because my hair is red, and I may be fat as Mrs. Downs. And
if I should be an old maid,—and I know I shall,—I want you to love
me a little; and if I’m queer and fussy, and all that, you must be
patient with me. I will try to do my best always.”
“My dear darling! what a foolish little thing you are! Some of the
old women have been talking to you, I know. I shall certainly have to
turn the barrel upside down, and find the sermon on bridling the
tongue. You are all little girls, and I will not have the bloom rudely
rubbed off of my peaches. There don’t cry about it;” and he kissed
my wet face so tenderly that I did cry more than ever.
“My little girl, I want us to have a good many years of happiness
together,” he said, with solemn tenderness. “Put all these things out
of your head, and love your mother and me, and do your duty in that
state of life to which it shall please God to call you. I want you to be
like Martin Luther’s bird, who sat on the tree and sang, and let God
think for him. And now, run to bed, for I wish to finish this sermon
while I am in the humor.”
I kissed him many, many times. I was so sure of his sweet, never-
failing love. And I suppose fathers and mothers never do get tired of
us!
CHAPTER II.