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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE POWER ELECTRONICS

COURSE CODE BEE4203

COURSE COO RD INA TOR NORAZILA BINTI JAALAM

DATE 16 FEBRUARY 2022

DURATION 3 HOURS

SESSION/SEMESTER SESSION 2021/2022 SEMESTER I

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. This examination paper consists of THREE (3) questions. Answer ALL questions.
2. All answers to a new question should start on a new page.
3. All calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
4. Candidates are not allowed to bring any materials other than those allowed by the
invigilator into the examination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:
1. NIL

APPENDICES:
1. NIL

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of SIX (6) printed pages including the front page.
CONFIDENTIAL 20211/BEE4203

QUESTION 1 [20 MARKS]

(a) Power electronics relate to the control and flow of an electrical energy. But why power
electronics is said to play an important role for the integration between the distributed
generation and the grid? Elaborate your answer with an appropriate example and suitable
diagram.
[8Marks]
[COl, POl, C3]

(b) Thyristors are an electronic switch used in some power electronics circuit where control of
the switch tum-on is required.
i) State TWO (2) conditions to tum on the thyristor
ii) Explain why the thyristors are used in high power applications
iii) Explain how the thyristors can be turned off
[6 Marks]
[COl, POl, C3]

(c) Power losses in an electronic switch can produces heat. Therefore, minimizing power losses
during electronic switching is an important objective when designing power electronics
circuits. Explain how power loss in a MOSFET can be reduced.
[6 Marks]
[COl, POl, C3]

2
CONFIDENTIAL 20211/BEE4203

QUESTION 2 [40 MARKS]

(a) The current expression for a controlled full-wave bridge rectifier operated at 50 Hz with
load impedance of 8.53 0 and 22 mH is given by:
wt
i 0 (wt) = 14.77sin(wt-x)-ye-wr

If xis depends on the value of the delay angle, determine:

i) The value of the RMS source voltage of the system
ii) The value of x
iii) The value of y if the delay angle is 50°
iv) The power absorbed by the resistor
v) The mode of operation if the extinction angle is 240'
[15 Marks]
[C02, P02, C4]

(b) Figure 1 shows a normalized rms load voltage vs. delay angle for a single-phase AC
voltage controller for a resistive load that has a 230 V, 50 Hz. If therms output voltage is
92 V, determine:
i) The angle, a required to deliver the output power to the load using Figure 1
ii) Compare your answer in (i) with numerical solution
iii) Therms current in the SCRs, lsrn,rms
iv) The average current in the SCRs, Ism.avg
[9 Marks]
[C02, P02, C4]

Figure 1

3
CONFIDENTIAL 20211/BEE4203

(c) Figure 2 shows one application employing a de-de converter to deliver 5 V output voltage
to a 5 0 load resistor. The input voltage of this circuit is coming from a photovoltaic panel
which has a minimum input voltage of2.5 V and maximum output voltage of3.5 V. lfthe
average load current is 1 A and the switching frequency is x, determine:
i) The duty ratio, D for a continuous current operation
ii) The average inductor current, IL
iii) The value of the inductor, L if the inductor current variation must be less than 30 %
of the average
iv) The value of the capacitor, C if the output voltage ripple is less than 4 %

x = 10 +last 2 digit of your ID number

Example: If your ID number is 17099, therefore x = 10 + 99 = I 09 kHz

D
L
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II.,
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Figure 2
[16 Marks]
[C02, P02, C4]

4
CONFIDENTIAL 20211/BEE4203

QUESTION 3 [40 MARKS]

(a) Figure 3 shows a single-phase rectifier circuit with a resistive load. However, this circuit
cannot be controlled and it may produce a high ripple output current. With the aid of
suitable circuit diagram, design a new rectifier circuit that can be controlled with reduce
ripple current.
[7 Marks]
[C03, P03, C4]

+
+
\".:...c R

Figure 3

(b) The amplitude of a full-bridge inverter can be controlled by modifying the switching
scheme or adjusting the interval, a. A harmonic content can also be controlled using a.
Figure 4 shows a single-phase inverter which has a DC voltage of a 105 V, 50 Hz with
R = 12 Q and L = 25 mH. Using Fourier series analysis, the inverter is found to have a total
harmonic distortion, THDi of more than 20 %. Design for a new inverter that has THDi of
less than 10% by eliminating the 5th harmonic. Select up to 5th harmonics only for the
calculation.
[20 Marks]
[C03, P03, CS]

Figure 4

5
CONFIDENTIAL 20211/BEE4203

(c) A converter circuit shown in Figure 5 has the following parameters:

Vs= 20 V, Vo= 5 v, N1=4, N2= 2, c= 33 µF, Lm = 500 µH

From the analysis, it is found that this converter is in continuous current mode (CCM).
Design a new converter for the converter to operate in discontinuous current mode (DCM).
This is an open-ended question, thus justify your design and clearly states all assumptions.
Then, specify the new value for:
i) The minimum inductor current, I Lm,min
ii) The minimum inductance, Lm,min

iii) The output voltage, V0 of the new design

[13 Marks]
[C02, P03, CS]

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Figure 5

END OF QUESTION PAPER