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Practicing Texas Politics 15Th Edition Brown Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Practicing Texas Politics 15Th Edition Brown Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. An organization that works with government officials for the purpose of influencing public policy is
referred to as a(n)
a. political party.
b. interest group.
c. legislature.
d. social brigade.
ANS: B REF: 210 NOT: conceptual
3. An organization of individuals with similar views that tries to influence government to respond
favorably to its views is called a(n)
a. voluntary association.
b. benevolent society.
c. interest group.
d. political party.
ANS: C REF: 210 NOT: conceptual
9. Which constitutional right is the foundation of the right to form and participate in interest groups?
a. Free speech
b. Freedom of association
c. The right to vote
d. Equal protection under the laws
ANS: B REF: 211 NOT: conceptual
13. The decentralized structure of Texas politics and governance __________ the ability of interest groups
to influence public policy.
a. decreases
b. eliminates
c. increases
d. has no effect on
ANS: C REF: 212 NOT: applied
14. Texas is among a group of states that has strong _________and weak __________.
a. political parties; interest groups
b. centralized power; political parties
c. interest groups; politicians
d. interest groups; political parties
ANS: D REF: 212 NOT: applied
15. Which occupational group is least likely to have a large representation in an interest group?
a. Lawyers
b. Accountants
c. Physicians
d. Receptionists
ANS: D REF: 214 NOT: applied
16. Which of the following generalizations regarding interest group leadership is incorrect?
a. Interest group decisions are usually made by an active minority of the membership.
b. Some individuals are better at playing politics to reach leadership levels than are others.
c. Some individuals have greater leadership qualities than do others.
d. Most interest group members can afford to devote time to interest group activities.
ANS: D REF: 214 NOT: applied
19. Which of the following goals would a business organization be least likely to pursue?
a. Lower state or federal taxes
b. Minimum government regulations
c. Fewer concessions to labor unions
d. Increased safety and environmental standards
ANS: D REF: 215 | 216 NOT: applied
22. Which of the following would a government employee interest group be least likely to pursue?
a. Higher wages
b. Better retirement packages
c. Increased health-care benefits
d. Decreased levels of government spending
ANS: D REF: 217 NOT: applied
25. Among state government employee interest groups, which is the largest?
a. Texas Public Employees Association
b. Texas City Management Association
c. Justices of the Peace and Constables Association of Texas
d. Texas City Attorneys Association
ANS: A REF: 218 NOT: factual
26. Which organization would most likely mount a vigorous campaign to oppose a reduction in the
staffing levels of the Texas Rehabilitation Commission?
a. Christian Coalition
b. Texas Public Employees Association
c. County Judges and Commissioners Association
d. Texas Alcohol and Narcotics Education
ANS: B REF: 218 NOT: applied
27. Ethnic minorities have found that their most successful political strategy has been to
a. dominate one of the major political parties.
b. organize into political interest groups.
c. elect their members to statewide public office.
d. seek amendments to the Texas Constitution.
ANS: B REF: 219 NOT: applied
29. Social interest groups exist to address which of the following issues?
a. Racial
b. Gender
c. Religious
d. All of the above are true.
ANS: D REF: 219 NOT: factual
30. Which of the following would the Christian Coalition likely not oppose?
a. The issuing of vouchers for school choice
b. Classifying acts against homosexuals as enhancing criminal penalties
c. Prohibiting picketing within 25 yards of a family planning clinic
d. Abolishing religious invocations prior to legislative sessions
ANS: A REF: 221 NOT: applied
32. Which of the following techniques do interest groups use to influence policy decisions?
a. Lobbying
b. Campaign financing
c. Providing favors and gifts
d. All of the above are true.
ANS: D REF: 224 NOT: applied
34. In which of the following activities are interest groups most involved?
a. Recruiting candidates
b. Writing party platforms
c. Providing an outlet for citizen activity
d. Electioneering
ANS: C REF: 224 NOT: applied
35. An individual seeking a favorable decision from government is most likely to succeed if he or she
a. works through the Democratic party.
b. works with a group having similar goals.
c. attempts to reach his or her goals alone.
d. votes in the general election.
ANS: B REF: 224 NOT: applied
37. Studies of lobbying in Texas indicate that the most commonly employed strategy of influencing
legislation is
a. personal argument with the legislator to persuade him.
b. providing the legislator with relevant information.
c. abandoning the legislature and lobbying the governor.
d. abandoning the legislative and executive branches and filing lawsuits.
ANS: B REF: 226 NOT: applied
43. Typically, in order to get people to the polls, which of the following is generally employed?
a. Mail-outs, telephone calls, door-to-door solicitation, and transportation to the polls
b. Bribes of money and promises of a job if one votes for a specific candidate
c. Providing free signs and food to potential voters
d. Calling mass meetings and demonstrating against opponents
ANS: A REF: 229 NOT: applied
44. The device by which a corporation may contribute money to a political candidate is
a. through a political action committee.
b. directly through the union that represents its workers.
c. directly from the corporation’s funds.
d. through a special state tax transfer fund.
ANS: A REF: 230 NOT: conceptual
45. In Texas, corporations and labor unions may provide campaign contributions
a. directly to the candidates.
b. through the state Treasury.
c. through Political Action Committees.
d. only up to $5,000 maximum.
ANS: C REF: 230 NOT: factual
46. Which of the following statements best explains campaign finance laws for candidates running for a
seat in the Texas legislature?
a. There is no limit on how much a PAC may contribute directly to a campaign.
b. There is no limit on how much a corporation can donate directly to a campaign.
c. There is no limit on how much a labor union can donate directly to a campaign.
d. There are no disclosure requirements for campaigns and lobbyists.
ANS: A REF: 231 NOT: factual
49. Which Texas House speaker was not the subject of an inquiry about potentially improper practices
with regard to interest groups?
a. Billy Clayton
b. Gus Mutscher
c. Gib Lewis
d. Pete Laney
ANS: D REF: 233 NOT: factual
51. The details of political contributions and expenditures of candidates must be filed with the Texas
Ethics Commission
a. between two and seven times each year.
b. every seven years.
c. between four and seven times each biennium.
d. only once during the campaign process.
ANS: A REF: 235 NOT: factual
53. Ethics laws prohibit a candidate or official from receiving a contribution inside
a. a commercial business building.
b. a religious organization’s building.
c. the Democratic or Republican headquarters.
d. the Texas state capitol building.
ANS: D REF: 235 NOT: factual
54. In response to big spending by lobbyists, Texas voters in 1991 approved a constitutional amendment to
create the eight-member
a. Texas Ethics Commission.
b. Texas Rangers Association.
c. Texas Governor’s Association.
d. Texas Common Cause.
ANS: A REF: 235 NOT: factual
57. Political races are most likely to be altered at the last minute as a result of
a. campaign laws being changed without public notice.
b. last minute contributions from interest groups.
c. changes in a candidates position on a key issue.
d. court challenges to candidate qualifications.
ANS: B REF: 235 | 236 NOT: applied
58. An interest group with substantial financial resources, sizable membership, unity, and a
competent leadership
a. would be mistrusted by the legislative leadership.
b. has no more influence over the legislative process than any other group of citizens.
c. should have success in getting its policy preferences honored.
d. is prevented from obtaining its policy preferences because of the Ethics Act.
ANS: C REF: 238 NOT: applied
ESSAY
1. Describe the characteristics of an interest group and explain the basic role of interest groups in the
political process
ANS:
Answers may vary.
2. Distinguish between an interest group and a political party. In what ways are their goals and
membership different? In what ways do they interact with one another?
ANS:
Answers may vary.
3. Distinguish between an “economic” interest group and a “business” interest group. In what ways are
their goals and membership different? Which of the two would “labor” groups more closely resemble?
ANS:
Answers may vary.
ANS:
Answers may vary.
5. Based on what you have learned about interest group membership and objectives, and using your own
socioeconomic circumstances as a starting point, which interest group would you most likely join and
why?
ANS:
Answers may vary.
6. Compare and contrast centralized and decentralized structures of interest groups. Which, if either,
seems to work best? Is there any special reason why an interest group would choose one over the
other?
ANS:
Answers may vary.
7. A triangular relationship is said to exist in Texas government. What are the elements of this triangle?
How do they benefit one another? In your judgment, does this relationship pose a problem for
democratic government? Defend your answer.
ANS:
Answers may vary.
8. Describe the interest group practice of “electioneering.” Explain the role and influence of Political
Action Committees (PACs) in this process.
ANS:
Answers may vary.
9. Identify and discuss the factors that contribute to the success or effectiveness of interest groups. Which
factors seem most important?
ANS:
Answers may vary.
10. Interest groups in Texas must operate under the laws of the state. What are the state regulations
regarding interest groups and how are the enforced? Comment on the perceived effectiveness of these
regulations in Texas.
ANS:
Answers may vary.
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M . CLAVDIO . M . F . MARCELLO
PATRONO [264].
Ho già detto più sopra che fosse all’ora terza, corrispondente alle
nostre nove antimeridiane, che incominciavano i giudizj. Giovenale
scrisse nella Satira IV di qual modo avessero essi principio:
. . . . . clamante Liburno,
Currite jam sedit [282],
Ante secundam
Roscius orabat sibi adesses ad puteal cras....
De re communi scribæ magna atque nova te
Orabant hodie meminisses, Quincte, reverti...
Imprimat his, cura, Mæcenas signa tabellis...
Dixeris, «experiar, si vis, potes» addit et instat [284].
Se falliva il tentativo dell’amichevole componimento, l’attore, actor,
citava con publica intimazione, detta edictum, l’avversario, reus, a
comparire in giudizio, in jus vocare, a che se questi rifiutava, l’attore
volgendosi ad uno degli astanti, interrogava: licet antestari? se
voleva, cioè, valergli di testimonio; al che assentendo porgevagli a
toccare l’estremità dell’orecchio, auriculam opponebat, perchè
nell’orecchio si riteneva fosse la sede della memoria. In questo caso
l’attore poteva trascinare a forza il reo in giudizio, in jus rapere,
afferrandolo persino per il collo, obtorto collo, come Plauto notò nella
scena quinta del terzo atto del Pænulus e nella sesta del terzo atto
della Rudens. Tali formule conservò il poeta e scriba Orazio testuali
nella Satira IX del lib. I:
Fugit improbus, ac me
Sub cultro linquit. Casu venit obvius illi
Adversarius, et: quo tu turpissime? magna
Inclamat voce, et: Licet antestari? Ego vero
Oppono auriculam. Rapit in jus: clamor utrinque [285].
Or udiamo lui stesso cantare questo episodio curioso, che del resto
ritrae una delle abitudini romane, infiltratasi nella vita di questi fieri
conquistatori, da che per le guerre d’Africa, di Grecia e d’Asia,
accresciutesi le ricchezze loro, i costumi presero a mutarsi e non in
meglio sicuramente.