Paper 1 Section A

Questions No. Key Questions No. Key

1. B 26. A
2. B 27. C
3. D 28. D
4. C 29. A
5. A 30. C

6. D 31. D
7. B 32. B
8. C 33. A
9. C
10. B

11. C
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. C

16. A
17. A
18. D
19. A
20. C

21. B
22. C
23. D
24. C
25. C

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Paper 1 Section B
Marks

1. (a) ΔE = (0.4)(4200)(60 − 0) + (0.4)(2100)[0 − (−5)] + (0.4)(3.34 × 105) 1M+1M

= 239 kJ 1A 3

(b)
temperature / °C

0 time / h

(each segment carries 1 mark) 1A+1A+1A 3

(c) Metal is a better thermal conductor than plastic. 1A

When he touches the metal plate and the plastic cup respectively, heat flows from his hand to
the metal plate at a faster rate, and so he feels the metal plate cooler. 1A 2

2. (a) m = (3)(28) + (6)(32) = 276 g 1A 1

(b) By ideal gas law,

=
(101 × 10 ) = (3 + 6)(8.31)(273 + 25) 1M
= 0.221 m3 1A 2

(c) (i) The number of moles of molecules changes from 9 to 6.

= (101 × 10 ) = 67.3 × 10 Pa 1A 1

(ii) Fewer gas particles are present in the container. 1A

The gas particles hit the walls of the container less often, leading to a lower pressure. 1A 2

3. (a) Measure the distance s between the bottom of the ball and the pad with the metre rule. 1A
Use the switch to start the timer and turn off the electromagnet to release the ball so that it
falls onto the pad. 1A
Measure the time t taken by the ball to hit the pad. 1A
The acceleration due to gravity can be estimated by
1 2
s= + ⇒ = 1A 4
2

(b) Air resistance acts on the ball as it falls. 1A

The ball takes a longer time to hit the pad so that the measured acceleration is lower than the
actual acceleration due to gravity. 1A 2

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 Marks

4. (a) Tension in B = tension in C = 10 N 1A 1

(b) Taking moments about the hinge,

clockwise moments = anticlockwise moments
(10)(0.3) + (5)(0.45) + (10)(0.6) = ( sin 30°)(0.9) 1M
= 25 N 1A
The tension in A is 25 N. 2

(c) Since the sign is at rest, the net force acting on the sign is zero.
Considering the vertical forces, we have 1M
+ 12.5 = 5 + 20 ⇒ = 12.5 N
Considering the horizontal forces, we have 1M
= (25) cos 30° = 21.7 N

The magnitude of the force is

= + = √21.7 + 12.5 = 25 N 1A 3

(d) (i)

c.g.

(c.g. located at the centre of the sign & directly under cable B.) 1A 1

(ii) The tension in A would become smaller. 1A 1

5. (a) Average net force

− (0.05)(20) 1M
= =
0.5
=2N 1A
2

(b) = 20 sin 60° = 17.32 m s 1M

0= + = 17.32 + (−9.81) ⇒ = 1.766 s 1M
1 1
ℎ= + = (17.32)(1.766) + (−9.81)(1.766 ) = 15.3 m 1A
2 2
3

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 Marks

5. (c) Time of travel of the golf ball before it lands = 1.766 × 2 = 3.531 s
The horizontal distance
= 1M
= (20 cos 60°)(3.531) = 35.3 m 1A
2

(d) 30° < θ < 60° (accept any angle within the range) 1A 1

(e) (i) Some energy is lost during the rebound. 1A

Therefore, the maximum GPE of the golf ball is lower than before. 1A 2

(ii)
vy

0 t

(overall shape of the graph) 1A

(parallel lines) 1A 2

6. (a) A convex lens is used. 1A

Only convex lens can give a magnified image. 1A 2

(b)
lens

F B F′

(correct refracted light rays – any two) 1A+1A

(correct image) 1A 3

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 Marks

6. (c) (i) By lens formula,

1 1 1
+ = 1M
1 1 1
+ =
20 60
= −30 mm
The distance between the lens and the image is 30 mm. 1A

(ii) The magnification is

30 1A
= = = 1.5
20
3

(d) The entire image can still be seen because the light rays can still be refracted by the part of the
lens not covered by the black ink. 1A 1

7. (a) The angle θ is

36
tan = ⇒ = 16.7° 1M+1A
120
2

(b) By sin = , the wavelength λ is given by

10 sin 16.7°
= = 4.79 × 10 m 1M+1A
300 2
2

(c) The highest order of bright fringe is given by

10 1
max = = 6.96 1M
300 4.79 × 10
∴ highest order of bright fringe that can be observed = 6
∴ total number of bright fringes = 2(6) + 1 = 13 1A 2

(d) The relative error can be reduced as distance between fringes can be measured more
accurately using the same measuring device. 1A 1

8. (a) The ball remains stationary. 1A 1

(b) The electric field strength is

=

20 1M+1A
= = 40 N C or V m
0.5
2

(c) Negative 1A 1

5
 Marks

8. (d) Diagram:
tension

5°

electric force

weight
(each correct arrow with label carries 1 mark) 1A+1A+1A 3

(e) The tension T in the string is given by

T cos 5° = mg = (0.5)(9.81) ⇒ T = 4.924 N 1M
The electric force acting on the ball is given by
F = T sin 5° = (4.924)(sin 5°) = 0.429 N 1M+1A 3

(f) By F = qE,
q = 0.429/40 = 0.0107 C 1M
The electric charge on the ball is –0.0107 C. 1A 2

9. (a) Soft iron can be magnetized and demagnetized easily. 1A

It can concentrate magnetic field lines within the clamp. 1A 2

(b) When an alternating current passes through the wire, an alternating magnetic field is
generated around the wire. 1A
There is a change in magnetic flux through the coil of copper wire in the clamp. 1A
By Lenz’s law, an e.m.f. and hence a current is induced to oppose the change. 1A 3

(c) A steady current cannot generate an alternating magnetic field to induce a change in the
magnetic flux through the coil. 1A 1

(d) (i) P = VI
I = 30/220 = 0.136 A 1M+1A 2

(ii) The cable contain both the neutral wire and live wire, which carry electric currents in
opposite directions. 1A
The magnetic fields generated by these two wires cancel each other out. 1A 2

10. (a) 235 + 1 = 144 + 90 + x × 1 ⇒ x=2 1A

92 = 55 + y ⇒ y = 37 1A 2

(b) ΔE = [(235.0439 + 1.0087) − (144.9321 + 89.9148 + 2 × 1.0087)] × 931 1M

= 175 MeV 1A 2

(c) To initiate a fission reaction with a proton, the proton has to be extremely energetic to 1A
overcome the electrostatic repulsion between the proton and the protons in the target nucleus. 1A 2

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Paper 2

Section A : Astronomy and Space Science

1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A
5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A

Marks

(a) (i) The total power radiated by a star per unit surface area J is related to its surface temperature T by
= 1A
The surface area A of a star is related to its radius R by
=4
Hence, we have

= = = ⇒ =4 1A
4

(ii) The luminosity of the star X is

=4 = 4 (8.20 × 10 × 10 ) 5.67 × 10– (3590) = 7.96 × 10 W 1A 1

(b) (i) The apparent magnitude of a star tells us how bright that star appears from the Earth. 1A
The absolute magnitude of a star is the apparent magnitude the star would have if it were
placed at a fixed distance (of 10 parsecs) from the Earth. 1A 2

(ii) Y is closer to the Earth. 1A

X emits a larger amount of light than Y but Y appears brighter than X as observed from the
Earth, so Y is closer to the Earth. 1A 2

(c) (i) The Doppler’s shift is the change in the observed frequency (and wavelength) of a (light)
wave due to the relative motion between the (light) wave source and the observer. 1A 1

(ii) The Doppler’s shift is

Δ
=
21.91 × 10 Δ 1M
=
3 × 10 656 × 10
Δ = 4.79 × 10 m

There is a red shift of 4.79 × 10−11 m. 1A 2

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Section B : Atomic World

1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D
5. D 6. D 7. C 8. C

Marks

(a) The energy level is

−13.6 eV 1A
= = −1.51 eV
3
1

(b) r3 = 3r1 = 4.76 × 10−10 m 1A

ℎ 6.63 × 10
=3 =3 = 3.17×10 kg m2 s 1M+1A
2 2

(c)

3rd excited state

2nd excited state

1st excited state

ground state

1A+1A 2

(d) (i) Largest energy released = E∞ − E2 = 0 − (−3.4 eV) = 3.4 eV 1A

ℎ (6.63 × 10 )(3 × 10 )
= = = 3.66 × 10 m 1M+1A
3.4 × (1.60 × 10 )
3

(ii) Bohr’s model cannot explain the relative brightness among the lines/fine structures of the
lines. 1A 1

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Section C : Energy and Use of Energy

1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A
5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D

Marks

(a) (i) kinetic energy → electrical energy 1A 1

(ii) The efficiency is given by

1
= 1M
2
1 1M
4.2 × 10 = (1.25) (50) (12)
2
= 0.495 = 49.5% 1A

(iii) Friction exists within the turbine. / Air does not stop after passing through the turbine and
therefore still carries kinetic energy. (Accept any other reasonable answer.) 1A 1

(iv) Yes, because there is strong seasonal wind in Hong Kong. / No, because the land value in
Hong Kong is so high that it is not economical to build a wind farm. (Accept any reasonable
answer.) 1A 1

(b) (i) Component P is the motor/generator. 1A

It uses the energy stored in the battery to provide extra power for the vehicle upon
acceleration and generates electricity to charge the battery upon deceleration. 1A
It increases the energy efficiency of the vehicle by reusing the energy lost during braking. 1A 3

(ii) In case of a very rapid deceleration, a mechanical brake is necessary to provide sufficient
braking force to stop the vehicle and to prevent any damage with the battery. 1A 1

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Section D : Medical Physics

1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C
5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C

Marks

(a) It is the curves of threshold of hearing. 1A 1

(b) It represents the sound intensity level of a sound with the same perceived loudness of 1A
a 1000 Hz pure note at 60 dB. 1A 2

(c) Any sound of frequency below 20 Hz is inaudible to humans. 1A 1

(d) (i) The sound intensity level is

= 10 log
10 1M
= 10 log
10
= 100 dB 1A

(ii) 4000 Hz (accept 3500 – 4500 Hz) 1A 1

(iii) The sound intensity is

50 = 10 log( )
= 10 Wm 1M

Since ∝ 1/ , we have 1M
10
=
10 2
= 632 m
The distance is 632 m. 1A 3

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Sources of materials

Paper 1B p. 10

(Photo Credit: ‘Google Cardboard’ by othree is licensed under CC BY 2.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)

Paper 2 p. 12

(Photo Credit: ‘Ultrasonography of hydronephrosis with dilated anechoic pelvis and calyces, along with cortical atrophy’ by
Kristoffer Lindskov Hansen, Michael Bachmann Nielsen and Caroline Ewertsen in Ultrasonography of the Kidney: A Pictorial
Review". Diagnostics 6 (1): 2 is licensed under CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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