‫مؤسســــــــة‬

‫العـــــــــــون‬
‫لالستجــــابة‬
‫والتنميــــــــة‬
ARD

Conducting Pre-KAP Survey Report

Taiz - governorate
Maqbanah, Almisrakh, Alshmayateen and Salah districts

Lahj –Governorate

Tuban district

Conducted by the UN-Habitat local IP:

Assistance For Response and Development (ARD-Y)

I. Background
The introduction and key objectives of the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey are
addressed in particular where assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the
community is essential for the planning and implementation of preventive measures. This report
summarizes the outcomes of a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey conducted in
December 2023 in Taiz's Maqbanah, Almisrakh, Alshmayateen and Salah districts and Lahj’s
Tuban district The survey's major goal was to determine baseline trends in knowledge, attitude, and
practices among the affected community, as well as to identify gaps in hygiene practices so that
harmful practices might be prioritized for improvement in awareness activities.

II. Purposes and Objectives

Assessing KAP in the community is critical for planning and implementing preventative actions,
as well as conducting pre and post surveys on the target audience's awareness levels of the associated
public information activities being developed and rolled out in the targeted locations for project
monitoring and evaluation purposes. The socio-demographic makeup of the people who live in the
catchment areas will also be described in the study. It also designed to examine People of Concern's
(PoC) knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in the areas of water, sanitation, and hygiene. also in
order Identify and document important knowledge, attitude, and practice gaps that remain unresolved
among the targeted population in order to mobilize resources and programs in the future. In addition,
use the findings to generate evidence-based interventions to close gaps in knowledge, attitude, and
practice.

III. Methodology
The data was collected from 100 HHs through interviews using a qualitative descriptive design. Due
to unavailability of the internet in the targeted areas, data was collected in two stages: collecting data
through a paper and pencil survey questionnaire and then entering the data collected into KOBO
questionnaire.

To ensure that the entire population was represented, the sample of the current KAP was selected
randomly from the various groups of the population in the targeted areas. A total of 100 interview( 20
in Maqbanah- 20 in Salah- 2- in Alshamayateen- 20 in Almisrakh – 20 in Tuban ) participated in the
interviews to collect the data for the this KAP survey.

To collect data, enumerators with past data gathering experience and familiarity with the target
locations were selected to interview the respondents of this KAP survey. Besides, to ensure
consistency in data collection and entering into KOBO as well as effective data entry monitoring, the
enumerators were trained on filling in the paper questionnaire as well as entering data into KOBO. To
fill in the KAP survey, the enumerators asked the respondents the questions of the survey orally. The
M&E officerprepared the work plan, which was authorized by the project manager.

Page (2) of (15)

 IV. Data Analysis
The data entered into KOBO software was transferred into Excel spreadsheets ona computer. First,
the data was cleaned to ensure consistency and then the data was analyzed statistically using the
Excel MS suite.Values for each demographic variable,Besides, frequencies, counts, and valid
percentages were used to assess and report nominal demographic information. For non-normally
distributed values, the means, SD, minimum and maximumwere calculated. The sample demographic
data, as well as the elements that influence respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about
WASH facilitieswere described using valid percentages and frequencies distribution. To highlight
variations between male and female respondents and to give sex-disaggregated information, cross-
tabs were employed.

Key Findings of the survey – Maqbanah district:

Section 1#
Demographic Data (Characteristics of the Respondents)

1.1 Targeted Areas

The respondents of the current pre-KAP were selected from the various targeted IDP sites in
Maqbanah, Salah, Almisrakh and Alshamayateen districts in Taiz Gov and Tuban district in Lahj
Gov . Figure (1) gives an idea about the number of respondents of the population targeted with
raising awareness activities and sessions per IDP site.

Figure (1) Respondents per site

‫الشمايتين‬
‫تبن‬
20%
20%

‫صالة‬ ‫المسراخ‬
20% ‫مقبنة‬ 20%
20%

Page (3) of (15)

 1.2 Respondent’s characteristics
In terms of gender, 2 Figure (2) highlight the variable of gender in relation to the respondents who
were involved in the interviews of the pre-KAP survey according to the IDP sites.

Classification of respondents' gender

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
‫الشمايتين‬ ‫المسراخ‬ ‫مقبنة‬ ‫صالة‬ ‫تبن‬

Male Female

.
Section 2#
Analysis of Respondents’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in
relation to sanitary facility
#water
2.1 Sources of water for drinking and how far it is from the sites
As figure (5) shows, 100% of households in the targeted sites get their drinking from unprotected wells dug
by hand/spring water

Page (4) of (15)

 Fig.5 Source of drinking water
‫غير ذلك‬ 0
0
0
‫ال أعرف‬ 0
0
0
)‫نقاط مياه ( خزانات عبر فاعلي خير ومنظمات‬ 0 4 7
‫تجميع مياه األمطار‬ 0
0
0
‫مياه عيون‬ 0
0
0
‫شبكة منزلية‬ 0
0
0
‫وايتات‬ 0 14
0
‫آبار غير محمية بشكل جيد محفورة باليد‬ 4 22
10
‫ اآلبار‬/‫مضخات يدوية‬ 0
0 5
0 5 10 15 20 25

‫المسراخ‬ ‫صالة‬ ‫الشمايتين‬

Figure (6) illustrates the time which the households of the respondents take to go in one direction to get
drinking water. As figure (6) shows, 51% of the households of the respondents said it takes 25 minutes as an
average to go in one direction bring water

Fig. (6): Time required to go one way direction to get drinking water

‫ دقيقة‬60 0
0 5
‫ دقيقة‬50 0
0 3
‫ دقيقة‬40 0
0 2
‫ دقيقة‬35 0
0 1
‫ دقيقة‬30 0 3
4
‫دقيقة‬25 0 2
0
‫دقيقة‬20 0 3
0
‫دقيقة‬18 0 1
0
‫دقيقة‬17 0 1
0
‫دقيقة‬15 3 7
1
‫دقائق‬10 0 4
1
‫دقائق‬9 0 1
0
‫دقائق‬3 0 1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

‫واحجة‬ ‫الدوش‬ ‫الحريقية‬

2.2 Sources of water for general use and how far it is from IDPs sites
Regarding the main source of water for general use, Figure (8) indicated that 100% of the households of
respondents get their water for general use from unprotected wells dug by hand.

Page (5) of (15)

 ‫‪Fig. (7):Main water source for general use‬‬

‫غير ذلك‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫ال أعرف‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫نقاط مياه ( خزانات عبر فاعلي خير ومنظمات)‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫تجميع مياه األمطار‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫مياه عيون‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫شبكة منزلية‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫البقاالت أو األكشاك التي تباع فيها مياه الشرب‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫آبار محمية بشكل جيد محفورة باليد‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫مضخات يدوية‪ /‬اآلبار‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬

‫صالة‬ ‫المسراخ‬ ‫الشمايتين‬

‫‪Fig. (8): Time required to go one way direction to get general‬‬

‫‪purposes water‬‬
‫‪ 60‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪ 50‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ 40‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ 35‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ 30‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ 20‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 15‬دقيقة‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ 13‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 12‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 10‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ 8‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 9‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 5‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ 1‬دقائق‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫صالة‬ ‫المسراخ‬ ‫الشمايتين‬

‫‪2.3. Who get drinking/general use water to the house/site‬‬

‫‪70% of the respondents indicated that children under 18 are responsible for bringing‬‬
‫‪water‬‬

‫)‪Page (6) of (15‬‬

 fig.9 members of HHs who are responsible for
bringing water
12 12
20 1 0 1 6 0 0 2 4 3 2
0
10( ‫ أطفال‬- 11 ‫إناث أكبر من أطفال (من‬ ‫ذكور أكبر من‬
)‫سنوات أو أقل‬ )‫ سنة‬18 ‫ سنة‬18 ‫ سنة‬18

‫الشمايتين‬ ‫صالة‬ ‫المسراخ‬

2.3. Payment for getting water for drinking/general use

Figure 10 shows that 97.14 percent of respondents pay for drinking and general use water

Fig. (10): Payment for getting water for drinking/general

use
‫المسراخ‬
‫صالة‬
‫الشمايتين‬

0 5 10 15 20 25

‫هل تدفع مبالغ للحصول على مياه شرب واستخدام؟ ال‬ ‫هل تدفع مبالغ للحصول على مياه شرب واستخدام؟ نعم‬
2.4. Sufficiency
of water to meet family'sneeds
Surveyed households were asked if collecting enough water to meet all of their family's needs, only
100% said " No" and when asked them why does not enough they said the waiting time at the water
point is too long and the water is not enough for all people

Fig 11 Is the water you collect enough for

your family need?
50

0
‫نعم‬ ‫ال‬

‫الشمايتين‬ ‫صالة‬ ‫المسراخ‬

#Sanitation
3.1 Is there a latrine for each HH/IDP HH

Page (7) of (15)

 figurre (6) shows, the households in the targeted sites has not an individual latrine for each HH

Fig.6 Does the HHs/IDP HHs has latrine

for each
20

15

10

0
‫نعم‬ ‫ال‬

‫الشمايتين‬ ‫المسراخ‬
‫مقبنة‬ )‫صالة(المحوى‬
)‫ الخضراء‬- ‫ الكندم‬- ‫ المشقافة‬-‫تبن( عتيرة‬

3.2 Where do the HHs defecate?

All respondents who indicated that they have not individual latrines forced to go to far places to defecated
in open

Fig. 7 Where do the HHs defecate?

‫صالة‬
‫مقبنة‬
‫المسراخ‬
‫الشمايتين‬

0 2 4 6 8 10

‫في اكياس بالستيكية‬ ‫مكان بعيد في العراء‬

3.3 Transmitted diseases because of open defecation in IDPs sites

100% of the respondents in both sites respectively said that watery dhireah is the most disease spread
between IDPs due to the open defecation

Page (8) of (15)

 fig.9 Transmitted diseases because of open
defecation

‫أخرى‬
‫كوليرا‬
‫اسهاالت مائية\ أخرى‬
‫اسهاالت مائية \كوليرا‬
‫اسهاالت مائية‬

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

#Hygiene

4.1 Respondents' knowledge on cholera

fig.10 Respondents' knowledge on

cholera in each IDP site
‫كل ما سبق‬ 8
0
‫أي حالة تعاني من إسهال مائي حاد مصحوب بالقيء‬ 13
0
‫أي حالة تعاني من إسهال حاد يشبه ماء األرز‬ 0
12
‫أي حالة تعاني من إسهال حاد مع الجفاف‬ 4
12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

4.2 Respondents' knowledge on transmission ways of cholera

The respondents were also asked about cholera transmission methods; the graph below depicts their
awareness of these approaches.

Page (9) of (15)

 fig .11 Respondents' knowledge on transmission
ways of cholera

‫ال أعرف‬ 0
1
‫كل ما سبق‬ 12
0
‫المياه الملوثة المختلطة بمياه الصرف الصحي‬ 10
2
‫األطعمة والمشروبات المكشوفة\ ال اعرف‬ 0
1
‫الخضروات أو الفواكه الملوثة‬ 1
12
‫األطعمة والمشروبات المكشوفة‬ 2
8

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

4.3 Respondents’ knowledge on cholera prevention ways.

As shown in figure below, only 6 % of participants have awareness of cholera preventive methods
such as chlorine water sterilization, boiling water sterilization, covering drinking and eating utensils,
and chlorine water sterilization, while 94 percent have no notion. This is a difficulty in terms of
improving the respondents' understanding of the messaging.

fig.12 Respondents’ knowledge on cholera

prevention ways.

‫غسل اليدين\ تعقيم المياه بالكلور \تعقيم المياه بالغليان‬ 0

3

‫غسل اليدين\ تعقيم المياه بالكلور‬ 2

13

‫غسل اليدين‬ 23
8

0 5 10 15 20 25

4.4 Attitude in dealing with a person with cholera

In terms of what they would do if one of their family members contracted cholera, survey results
revealed that only 4 % of all respondents would take him to the nearest health ,while others (
96%) said they would follow the procedures and aid at home.

Page (10) of (15)

 Fig.13: Respondents’ attitude in dealing
with a cholera patient

‫ال أعرف‬ 8
19
‫كل ما سبق‬ 1
0
‫بقاؤه في المنزل وتعويض السوائل‬ 14
5
‫إسعافه إلى أقرب مرفق صحي‬ 0
2

0 5 10 15 20

4.5 Attitude in treating the contaminated water

99% of the respondents are aware on how to treat the contaminated water

Fig.14 Respondent attitude in treating the

contamenated water

‫كل ما سبق‬

‫تعقيمها بالغليان‬

0 10 20 30 40 50

4.6 critical time for hand washing

Only 25% of the respondents wash their hands on all critical times while 75 % of them are not aware and
need to increase their awareness.

Page (11) of (15)

 fig.15 Respondents knowledge on the critical
times for handwashing

4 9
0 12

2 11
1 10

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

‫ال اعرف‬ ‫كل ما سبق‬ ‫قبل تناول الطعام‬ ‫بعد الخروج من الحمام‬

4.7 Respondents’ knowledge about the common symptoms of diseases and epidemics
in the targeted IDPs Sites.
100% of the respondents reported that watery diarrhea of all kinds is common epidemics in the
camp

Fig.16: Respondents’ knowledge about symptoms of diseases and

epidemicsin IDPs sites

‫ال ُحميات بأنواعها‬ 0

0
‫طفح جلدي وحكة‬ 0
0
‫اإلسهاالت الحادة‬ 0
0

‫اإلسهاالت الحادة\ طفح جلدي وحكة \ال ُحميات بأنواعها‬ 25

24

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

4.8 Survey respondents' views on whether or not space around the side of the IDPs
sites clean.

.17 Respondents’ answers about the

cleanness of the areas in the sites

20
15
10
5
0

‫نعم‬ ‫ال‬

Page (12) of (15)

 4.9 Survey respondents' views on whether or not suffer from problems due to
distance of bathrooms or crowded access.

Fig.18:Respondents’ suffering to reach

bathrooms in IDP sites
30

20

10

0
‫نعم‬ ‫ال‬

2.13Survey respondents' views on whether or not bathrooms sufficient for their needs.

Fig.19 :Respondents’ views on whether or not

bathrooms sufficient for their needs
24 25
30

20

10
0 0
0

‫نعم‬ ‫ال‬

Section 3#
Findings and Recommendation
3.1. PRE- KAP Findings
Salah district
 94% of the respondents in Almahwa are in Salah district indicated that latrines are not sufficient for
their needs
 94% of the respondents indicated that IDPs including women, children, and PWDs are defecated in
open
 95 % of respondents are not aware on the critical time for hand washing .
 The space around the side of the IDp site and HC in Salh isn't clean, according to 100%. Of
respondents answer

Page (13) of (15)

  99% of the respondents are not aware on how to treat the contaminated water.
 95% of the respondents in salah district are not familiar with cholera transmission/ prevention
methods.

Maqbanah district

• Only 5% of the respondents in Maqbanah district are familiar with cholera transmission
methods.
• 97% of the respondents are not aware on how to treat the contaminated water
• 85 % of respondents are not aware on the critical time for hand washing .
• The space around the side of the IDp site and HC in Maqnaha isn't clean, according to 100%.
Of respondents answer
• 100% of the respondents reported that diarrhea/AWD diseases is common epidemics in the
sites this period

Almisrakh district

 96% of the respondents in Almisrakh district are indicated that latrines are not sufficient for their
needs
 94% of the respondents indicated that they walk far spaces spending one hour to bring water
 95% of the respondents are not aware on how to treat the contaminated water
 80 % of respondents are not aware on the critical time for hand washing .
 99% of the respondents reported that diarrhea/AWD diseases is common epidemics in the sites this
period

Alshamayateen district

 Only10 % of the respondents in Alshamayateen district are familiar with cholera transmission
methods.
 92% of the respondents are not aware on how to treat the contaminated water
 85 % of respondents are not aware on the critical time for hand washing .
 The areas in all streets of Alturba city , IDp site and HC in Alshmayateen district isn't clean,
according to 100%. Of respondents answer
 96% of the respondents reported that diarrhea/AWD diseases is common epidemics in the sites this
period

Tuban district

 100% of the respondents suffer from problems due to distance of latrines or crowded access in Tuban
districts IDp sites( Oteera- Alkandam-Alkhadhraa).
 98% of the respondents in Tuban district are not familiar with cholera transmission methods.
 98% of the respondents indicated that IDPs including women, children, and PWDs are defecated in
open

Page (14) of (15)

  99% of the respondents are not aware on how to treat the contaminated water
 100% of the respondents reported that diarrhea/AWD diseases is common epidemics in the sites this
period

5.2P PRE_KAP Recommendations

 Providing more latrines for HHs in the Almahwa sites in Salah district, and in Almisrakh
district
 Providing more latrines for HHs in the Oteera, Alkandam, Alkhadjraa sites in Tuban district
 Taking into consideration designing latrines with protection standards for women, elderly
people and disabilities
 Increase awareness on cholera definition and symptoms for all targeted districts
 Increase awareness messages on cholera transmission methods for all targeted districts
 Increase people awareness on disinfecting the water using chlorine for all targeted districts
 Increase awareness messages on the critical times for hand washing for all targeted districts
 Increase people awareness on how to deal with a person with cholera for all targeted districts
 Increase people awareness on number of times to clean water container for all targeted
districts
 Intensify the awareness topics to enhance the respondents "attitude in treating the water that
is expected to be contaminated with pathogens".
 Intensify the awareness toward fighting the common symptoms of diseases and epidemics in the
camp.
 Increase awareness on the precautions and methods of make space around the side of the
camp clean.
 Rehabilitate water sources in Al kuseer Asabeh and Alabed Alwaine Asapeah which needs a
sustainable power sources to cover the people’s needs form the safe water.at Alshamayateen
district ,to provide safe access to water in the area
 Rehabilitate water sources in Almisrakh district ,to provide safe access to water in the area
 Conduct water quality monitoring for harvesting tanks in Maqbanh- Almisrakh-
Alshamayateen to decrease the contamination that transmit diarrhea diseases among the
residents
 Providing water trucking as a temporary solution in Salah district

Page (15) of (15)