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Electronic Principles 8th Edition

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Chapter 09 Test Bank: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

1. The emitter follower is also called a common-collector amplifier.

TRUE

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Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

2. In a common-collector amplifier, the emitter is always connected to ground.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

3. One of the advantages of an emitter follower is its high output impedance.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.04 Output Impedance
Subtopic: Output Impedance
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

4. It is very difficult to get a small output impedance with a common-collector amplifier.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.04 Output Impedance
Subtopic: Output Impedance
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

5. An emitter follower can act as a buffer between the high output impedance of a common-emitter amplifier and a low resistance
load.

TRUE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.05 Cascading CE and CC
Subtopic: Cascading CE and CC
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

6. A Darlington connection is a connection of two transistors whose overall current gain equals the sum of the individual gains.

FALSE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: 2. Understand

1
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

7. A complementary Darlington is a connection of npn and pnp transistors.

TRUE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

8. Used with a zener diode, an emitter follower can produce regulated output voltages with much larger currents.

TRUE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

9. A zener follower is a circuit that combines a zener regulator and a common emitter.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

10. A zener follower provides the regulation of a zener diode with the increased current-handling capability of an emitter follower.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

11. The common-base amplifier is also called a grounded-base amplifier.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

12. The output voltage of a common-base amplifier is out of phase with its input.

FALSE

2
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

13. One of the major differences between the CB amplifier and other amplifier configurations is its

A. low input impedance.


B. low output impedance.
C. high input impedance.
D. input and output phase difference.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

14. The CB amplifier is most often used

A. as an audio amplifier.
B. in low frequency applications.
C. in high frequency applications.
D. in high fidelity audio applications.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

15. A common-base circuit can be used to couple a

A. high impedance source to a low impedance load.


B. low impedance source to a high impedance load.
C. high impedance source to a high impedance load.
D. low impedance source to a low impedance load.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

16. With a common-collector amplifier, the input signal is

A. coupled to the base and the output signal is taken from the emitter.
B. coupled to the base and the output signal is taken from the collector.
C. coupled to the emitter and the output signal is taken from the collector.
D. coupled to the emitter and the output signal is taken from the base.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

17. The emitter-follower amplifier has a

3
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
A. low input impedance and low distortion.
B. high input impedance and high distortion.
C. high input impedance and low distortion.
D. low input impedance and high distortion.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

18. The voltage gain of a common-collector amplifier is ________.

A. infinite
B. 1
C. 10
D. 100

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Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

19. The emitter follower can be considered a

A. voltage amplifier.
B. power amplifier.
C. a current attenuator.
D. a power supply.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

20. Small load resistances that would overload a CE amplifier can be used with an emitter follower because an emitter follower

A. steps up impedance.
B. amplifies high frequencies better.
C. has a higher voltage gain.
D. cannot amplify current.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

21. In any amplifier, maximum power transfer occurs when the

A. load impedance is much higher than the source impedance.


B. load impedance is much lower than the source impedance.
C. load impedance is made equal to the source impedance.
D. load impedance is infinite and source impedance is zero.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.04 Output Impedance
Subtopic: Output Impedance
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

4
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
22. When an emitter follower is configured between a high output impedance and a low resistance load, it is referred to as

A. an attenuator.
B. a clamper.
C. a constant current source.
D. a buffer.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.05 Cascading CE and CC
Subtopic: Cascading CE and CC
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

23. A connection of two transistors whose overall current gain equals the product of the individual current gains is called a

A. complementing connection.
B. cascade connection.
C. Darlington connection.
D. Quiescent connection.

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Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

24. A Darlington connection typically has a

A. very high input impedance and can produce large output currents.
B. very low input impedance and can produce large output currents.
C. very high input impedance and can produce only small output currents.
D. very low input impedance and can produce only small output currents.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

25. If each transistor in a Darlington pair has a gain of 100, what is the overall current gain?

A. 100
B. 200
C. 1000
D. 10,000

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Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

26. Semiconductor manufacturers make Darlington pairs inside a single case. What is this device known as?

A. Semiconductor single case


B. Darlington transistor
C. power transistor
D. regulator transistor

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Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

5
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
27. A Darlington connection comprised of npn and pnp transistors is called a

A. stationary Darlington.
B. Duo-Darlington.
C. supplementary Darlington.
D. complementary Darlington.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

28. In conjunction with a zener diode, the emitter follower can

A. provide amplified full-wave rectification.


B. provide amplified and filtered dc voltages.
C. produce regulated voltages with large output currents.
D. produce unregulated voltages.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

29. A circuit that combines a zener regulator and an emitter follower is referred to as

A. an emitter regulator.
B. a follower regulator.
C. a zener follower.
D. a zener diode.

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Bloom's: 1. Remember
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

30. An advantage of a zener follower is

A. low output impedance.


B. high output impedance.
C. large zener diode.
D. low cost.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

31. The zener follower provides the regulation of a zener diode with the increased current-handling capability of a

A. common-collector circuit.
B. common-emitter circuit.
C. common-base circuit.
D. common-follower circuit.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium

6
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

32. The amplifier configuration in which the input signal drives the emitter and the output signal is taken from the collector is the

A. common collector.
B. common emitter.
C. common base.
D. emitter follower.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.08 The Common-Base Amplifier
Subtopic: The Common-Base Amplifier
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

33. What amplifier configuration is shown in Figure 9-6 (a)?

A. common emitter
B. common collector
C. common base.
D. base follower

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

34. With the amplifier configuration shown in Figure 9-6 (a)

A. ac output is 90° out of phase with the input.


B. ac output is 180° out of phase with the input.
C. ac output is 270° out of phase with the input.
D. ac output is in phase with the input.

7
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

35. The collector voltage for the circuit shown in Figure 9-6 (a) is

A. dc only.
B. ac only.
C. ac riding on dc.
D. 0 V.

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

36. The reason a common-collector amplifier is called an emitter follower is because

A. the output voltage follows the input voltage.


B. the output voltage is taken from the collector.
C. the emitter is grounded.
D. the output voltage is out of phase with the input.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

37. What is the base voltage for the circuit shown in Figure 9-8?

8
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
A. 10 V
B. 5 V
C. 1 V
D. 4.3 V

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

38. What is the emitter voltage for the circuit shown in Figure 9-8?

A. 10 V
B. 5 V
C. 1 V
D. 4.3 V

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

39. In the circuit shown in Figure 9-8, what is the purpose of the capacitor connected to the emitter?

A. filter
B. bypass
C. coupling
D. to block ac

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.03 CC Amplifer
Subtopic: CC Amplifer
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

9
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
40. The low impedance of a speaker can be matched to the output impedance of

A. a common collector to deliver maximum power.


B. a common base to deliver maximum power.
C. a common emitter to deliver maximum power.
D. a coupling capacitor.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.04 Output Impedance
Subtopic: Output Impedance
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

41. It is very difficult to get a small output impedance with a

A. common-collector amplifier.
B. common-emitter amplifier.
C. common-base amplifier.
D. emitter-follower amplifier.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.04 Output Impedance
Subtopic: Output Impedance
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

42. What is the circuit shown in Figure 9-16 (c)?

A. two cascaded common-emitter amplifiers


B. a small-signal amplifier
C. a supplementary Darlington
D. a complementary Darlington

Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.06 Darlington Connection
Subtopic: Darlington Connection
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

43. What is the circuit shown in Figure 9-20?

A. full-wave rectifier
B. zener follower
C. two-transistor amplifier

10
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
D. two-transistor regulator

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.07 Voltage Regulation
Subtopic: Voltage Regulation
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

44. If the output voltage across RL increases in the circuit shown in Figure 9-15, what will the voltage at the base of Q2 do?

A. increase
B. decrease
C. remain the same
D. drops to zero

Bloom's: 3. Apply
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Hard
Section: 09.05 Cascading CE and CC
Subtopic: Cascading CE and CC
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

45. Voltage gain can be increased by using a multistage amplifier.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

46. A multistage amplifier can be created by cascading two or more filter circuits.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

11
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Medium
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

47. What is a multistage amplifier?

A. a single stage amplifier


B. a single stage attenuator
C. two or more attenuators cascaded
D. two or more amplifiers cascaded

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

48. If two or more amplifiers are connected to form a multistage amplifier

A. gain remains constant.


B. gain increases.
C. gain is reduced.
D. more attenuation results.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

49. A multistage amplifier using two common-emitter amplifiers will provide a total phase inversion of ________.

A. 360°
B. 270°
C. 180°
D. 90°

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

50. How is the total voltage gain of a multistage amplifier calculated?

A. sum of individual gains


B. difference of individual gains
C. product of individual gains
D. it is the gain of one amplifier

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation


Bloom's: 2. Understand
Chapter: 09 Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers
Difficulty: Easy
Section: 09.01 Multistage Amplifiers
Subtopic: Multistage Amplifiers
Topic: Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

12
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
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Fig. 1
Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Fig. 4 Fig. 5
Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8
The House
Accommodates 20
Pigeons; Additional
Stories may be
Added. Fig. 1, Floor
and Ceiling; Fig. 3,
Arrangement of
Compartments; Fig.
8, Lower Story
Fig. 10 Fig. 9
Assembled Ready for
Roof Story; Fig. 10,
Framing of the Roof;
Fig. 11, Side View,
Showing Spacing of
Roof Boards; Fig. 12,
End View, Showing
Trim and Door on
Gable End
Fig. 11 Fig. 12

The post should be sunk into the ground about 2¹⁄₂ ft. and set into
a concrete foundation, if convenient. This will insure a more nearly
permanent as well as a more rigid support. Care should be taken
that the post is set plumb and this can be accomplished if a plumb
bob is used. The post should be braced to keep it vertical,
particularly if a concrete foundation is poured and tamped around it.
The construction should be painted two coats, inside and out, of a
color to harmonize with buildings or other surroundings.
The cost of building the house shown in the illustration was $3.50
and by using tar paper for the roof and discarded wire mesh, hinges,
and other fittings, this may be reduced considerably.

¶In matching molding into corners it is often difficult to make miter


joints. The molding may then be “coped” together by matching the
end of the piece to be joined to it with the curves or surface of the
molding. A coping saw is used in sawing the irregular end.
Roses Tinged Blue by Chemicals

Roses may be colored without any detrimental effect by placing


their stems in a solution of 100 cubic centimeters of water, 2 grams
of saltpeter, and 2 grams of an aniline dye. A centerpiece of roses
colored to represent the national colors was made in this way and
proved very effective as a table decoration. A convenient way to
color the flowers is to place their stems in a test tube containing the
mixture.—Contributed by Chester Keene, Hoboken, N. J.
Making Photographic Trays
Serviceable trays for use in developing and printing photographs
may be made quickly of cardboard boxes of suitable sizes. Where
one is unable to transport readily a full photographic equipment
these trays will prove convenient as well as inexpensive. They are
made as follows:
Procure boxes of proper sizes and see that they have no holes or
openings at the corners. Melt paraffin and pour it into the box,
permitting it to cover both outside and inside surfaces. If the paraffin
hardens too rapidly the box may be heated and the work completed.
—Contributed by Paul A. Baumeister, Flushing, N. Y.
Camp Lantern Made of a Tin Can

Campers, and others who have need of an emergency lantern,


may be interested in the contrivance shown in the sketch, which was
used in preference to other lanterns and made quickly when no light
was at hand. It consists of an ordinary tin can, in the side of which a
candle has been fixed. A ring of holes was punched through the
metal around the candle and wires were placed at the opposite side
for a support. The glistening interior of the can reflects the light
admirably.—Contributed by F. H. Sweet, Waynesboro, Va.
¶Interior woodwork may be made proof against ordinary flame by
coating it with silicate of soda, known as water glass.
Sidecar for a Parcel-Delivery Bicycle
By P. P. AVERY

Q uick delivery of small packages within a two-mile radius can be


accomplished with a bicycle by a sturdy boy. An ordinary bicycle
is used, preferably one with coaster brake and mudguards. Iron
braces, ¹⁄₄ by 1¹⁄₄ in., are shaped to make the framework, and the
ends are looped to fasten around the frame of the bicycle and the
supporting fork of the third wheel. This wheel is a bicycle front wheel
with a fork. A mudguard on the third wheel is desirable. Make the
iron parts as detailed, and fasten them into place. The body is made
of ⁷⁄₈-in. wood, preferably oak. The upper portion of the body is cut to
receive the top brace, which is not in the way in loading or unloading
the packages. Fasten the box with ¹⁄₄-in. carriage bolts, using a
spring washer under the nut wherever a joint is made between wood
and iron. A canvas cover can be cut to fit the top and secured at one
end only, with three catch knobs on the sides and corresponding
eyelets in the canvas, keeping the dust and rain from the interior of
the body.
An Ordinary Strong Bicycle can be Made into a Substantial Delivery Car by
the Addition of a Body and a Third Wheel

It is a good plan to stiffen the body with corner braces, using ¹⁄₈ by
³⁄₄-in. band iron. The floor of the body should be strongly fastened,
tongue-and-groove boards being used, and the side corners should
be fitted with iron braces at the bottom. The body may be extended
farther over the rear, if more loading space is required.
One coat of priming and one of paint finishes the box, and with the
name of the merchant on the front and rear, the whole makes a neat
advertising feature. Regarding the selection of a bicycle, since great
speed is not essential, the lower the gearing is, the easier it will be to
propel the load, and for ordinary work, where only small grades are
covered, a gear of about 65 will be found efficient.
Handy Use for Adhesive Tape
Adhesive tape is useful in the shop and for the home mechanic,
for many purposes: to mend broken handles temporarily; to bind up
a cut finger; to prevent a hammer or ax handle from slipping in the
hands, by applying tape around the handle; for making a ferrule for
an awl, chisel, etc.; around the nail set it will keep that tool from
jarring the hand; around a lead pencil in the vest pocket as a guard.
A Toy Machine Gun That Fires Wooden Bullets
For use in the mimic battles which most boys like to stage in this
war time, an interesting mechanical toy that a boy can easily make of
materials picked up in the workshop, is a machine gun having a
magazine for wooden bullets, and which can be made as a single or
a double-barrel gun. The construction of the single-barrel
arrangement is detailed in the sketch and the modification for a
double-barrel gun is shown in the smaller diagram. It is a duplicate of
the first type, suitably mounted as shown. The gun is fired by turning
the crank on the wheel and the bullets can be quickly replaced in the
magazine at the top.
The Machine Gun is Fired by Turning the Crank at the Wheel, the Pins on the
Latter Drawing Back the Hammer, Which is Hooked Up with a Rubber Band

The support for the gun is made of wood and braced strongly at
the base. The gun proper is set into the top of the vertical piece, as
shown, and the magazine, which is bent from a piece of tin to the
shape detailed in the sectional view, fits on top of the breach of the
gun. The hammer, which drives the bullets, is made of a piece of stiff
wire bent to the shape shown. The lower curved end is connected to
a small nail set on a block at the shaft of the wheel. To fire the gun,
the hammer is drawn back by contact with the small nails set into the
side of the wheel. As the wheel is turned, the nails grip the hammer
and then suddenly release it, driving out the lowest bullet each time.
The bullets are piled in the magazine, as shown in the detailed view
at the right, where the rear view of the gun barrel is indicated.—
Edward R. Smith, Walla Walla, Washington.
Using Plate Holder as Printing Frame
A cumbersome part of a commercial photographer’s equipment
when “on the road” is his set of printing frames. Amateur
photographers who have cameras using plates of more than one
size find these frames an expensive part of their outfits. A method
that is practical and inexpensive for these requirements in many
cases, is as follows: Place the sensitized paper in the plate holder
with the emulsion side up. Then put the plate in the holder in the
same way as if about to expose it in a camera, but with the emulsion
side down, so that the sensitized side of the paper and the emulsion
side of the plate are in contact. The paper and plate are thus held in
close contact without the use of springs, as in the regular printing
frames. The plate and paper can be removed by pressing the spring
catch at the bottom of the holder, and the plate is not easily moved
while in place.—Francis W. Clinton, Brooklyn, New York.

¶Leaks in garden hose may be repaired by wrapping several layers


of adhesive tape over the break, lapping the edges carefully.
Wire Clips Weight Paper in Typewriter
Three wire paper clips linked together make a good weight for
typewriter sheets that keep rolling or blowing back over the carriage,
into the operator’s way, in a breezy office or where a fan is not
properly stationed. They may be quickly applied to the end of the
sheet, or batch of paper and carbon sheets, and removed as easily,
saving time and annoyance.—H. P. Roy, Kansas City, Mo.
Chain Weight Prevents Whipping of Flag
A length of chain, sewed into a hem at the lower edge of a flag
makes an inconspicuous and effective weight to prevent whipping of
a flag suspended from a horizontal staff. A piece of cord can be
threaded through the links of a chain to prevent it from rattling, if
necessary.
Poultry-Fence Construction Economical of
Netting

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