Elementary and Intermediate Algebra

Functions and Authentic Applications

2nd Edition Jay Lehmann Test Bank
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Factor when possible. If the polynomial is prime, say so.

1) x2 - x - 42 1)
A) (x + 1)(x - 42) B) (x + 6)(x - 7) C) (x + 7)(x - 6) D) prime

2) x2 + 9x - 22 2)
A) (x - 11)(x + 2) B) (x + 11)(x - 2) C) (x - 11)(x + 1) D) prime

3) x2 + 6x - 7 3)
A) (x + 1)2 B) (x + 1)(x + 7) C) (x - 1)(x + 7) D) prime

4) x2 - x - 54 4)
A) (x - 54)(x + 1) B) (x - 6)2 C) (x + 6)(x - 9) D) prime

5) x2 + 17x + 18 5)
A) (x - 6)(x + 3) B) (x + 18)(x - 1) C) (x + 6)(x - 3) D) prime

6) 4x - 96 + x2 6)
A) (x - 12)(x + 8) B) (x - 12)(x + 1) C) (x + 12)(x - 8) D) prime

7) 66 + 65x + x2 7)
A) (x + 11)(x + 6) B) (x + 66)(x + 1) C) (x + 66)(x - 1) D) prime

8) -8x + x2 - 48 8)
A) (x + 12)(x - 4) B) (x - 12)(x + 4) C) (x + 12)(x + 4) D) (x - 12)(x - 4)

9) 72 - 17x + x2 9)
A) (x + 9)(x - 8) B) (x - 9)(x - 8) C) (x + 9)(x + 8) D) (x - 9)(x + 8)

10) x2 + 17xy + 72y2 10)

A) (x + 8y)(x + 9y) B) (x - 8y)(x + y) C) (x - 8y)(x + 9y) D) prime

11) x2 + 6xy - 135y2 11)

A) (x - 15y)(x + y) B) (x + 15y)(x - 9y)
C) (x - 15y)(x + 9y) D) prime

12) u2 - 5uv - 24v2 12)

A) (u - 3v)(u + v) B) (u + 3v)(u - 8v) C) (u - 3v)(u + 8v) D) prime

13) a2 - 5ab - 36b2 13)

A) (a - 4b)(a + 9b) B) (a + 4b)(a - 9b) C) (a - 4b)(a + b) D) prime

14) m2 + mn - 20n 2 14)

A) (m + 5n)(m + 4n) B) (m + 5n)(m - 4n)
C) (m - 5n)(m - 4n) D) (m - 5n)(m + 4n)

1
Factor when possible. If the polynomial is prime, so state.
15) z2 - 36 15)
A) (x - 6)2 B) (x + 6)2 C) (z + 6)(z - 6) D) prime

16) 81x2 - 49 16)

A) (9x - 7)2 B) (9x + 7)(9x - 7) C) (9x + 7)2 D) prime

17) 36x2 - 25y2 17)

A) (6x + 5y)(6x - 5y) B) (6x + 5y)2
C) (6x - 5y) 2 D) prime

18) 81x2 + 25y2 18)

A) (9x + 5y) 2 B) (9x + 5y)(9x - 5y)
C) (9x - 5y) 2 D) prime

Factor.
19) 5x + 40 19)
A) 200x B) 5(x + 8) C) 5x + 8 D) 5(x + 40)

20) 60x - 15 20)

A) 15(4x) B) 3(20x - 5) C) 15(4x - 1) D) 5(12x - 3)

21) 5x8 - 30x6 21)

A) x8(5x2 - 30) B) 5x6 (x2 - 6) C) 5x7 (x - 6x) D) 5(x8 - 6x6 )

22) 13x5 + 8x7 22)

8 2
A) 13(x5 + 104) B) 13x5 1 + x C) x5(13 + 8x2 ) D) x5 (1 + 8x2 )
13

23) 3x6 y - 18x4 23)

A) 3x4 (x2 y - 6) B) 3x5 ( xy - 6x) C) 3x4 y(x2 - 6) D) x4 (3x2 y - 18)

24) 40x3 y + 35xy6 24)

A) xy(40x2 + 35y5) B) 5xy(8x2 + 7y5 )
C) 5y(8x3 + 7xy5 ) D) 5x(8x2 y + 7y6 )

25) 27y3 - 9y2 + 15y 25)

A) 3(9y3 - 3y2 + 5y) B) y(27y2 - 9y + 15)
C) 3y(9y2 - 3y + 5) D) 3y(9y3 - 3y2 + 5y)

26) 24x5 y + 27xy6 26)

A) 3y(8x5 + 9xy5 ) B) 3x(8x4 y + 9y6 )
C) 3xy(8x4 + 9y5 ) D) xy(24x4 + 27y5 )

2
 27) 16m 7 + 20m4 - 8m 2 27)
A) 4(4m7 + 5m4 - 2m 2 ) B) 4m2 (4m 5 + 5m 2 - 2)
C) m2 (16m 5 + 20m2 - 8) D) prime

28) 15x4 y + 35x3 y - 45xy 28)

A) 5x3 y(3 + 7x2 - 9x) B) 5xy(x3 + x2 - 9)
C) 5xy(3x3 + 7x2 - 9) D) 3x3 + 7x2 - 9

29) 6m 4 n - 18m 2n + 9mn 29)

A) 3mn(2m 3 - 6m + 3) B) 2m3 - 6m + 3
C) 3m(2m 3 - 6m + 3n) D) (3mn - 6m)(2m3 + 3)

Factor completely.
30) 147x2 - 3 30)
A) 3(7x - 1)2 B) 6(7x + 1)(7x - 1)
C) 3(7x + 1)2 D) 3(7x + 1)(7x - 1)

31) 9a 3 - 16a 31)

A) (3a 2 + 4)(3a - 4) B) a(3a - 4)2
C) a(9a + 1)(a - 16) D) a(3a + 4)(3a - 4)

32) ab4 - 9a 3b2 32)

A) ab4 - 9a 3 b2 B) ab2(b + 3a)(b - 3a)
C) ab2 (b - 3a)2 D) a(b2 + 3ab)(b2 - 3ab)

33) 6x7 - 6x5 33)

A) 6x5 (x + 1)2 B) 6x5(x + 1)(x - 1)
C) 6x5 (x - 1)2 D) prime

34) 3x7 - 12x5 34)

A) 3x5 (x - 2)2 B) 3x5(x + 2)(x - 2)
C) 3x5 (x + 2)2 D) 3x(x + 2)(x - 2)

35) 3x2 + 3x - 36 35)

A) (3x + 9)(x - 4) B) 3(x + 3)(x - 4) C) (x - 3)(3x + 12) D) 3(x - 3)(x + 4)

36) 4y2 + 68y + 288 36)

A) 4(y + 9)(y + 8) B) (4y + 9)(y + 8) C) (y + 9)(4y + 32) D) 4(y - 9)(y - 8)

37) 7x2 - 70x + 168 37)

A) (7x + 4)(x + 6) B) 7(x + 4)(x + 6) C) 7(x - 4)(x - 6) D) (x + 4)(7x + 42)

38) -x2 - 3x + 40 38)

A) -(x - 8)(x - 5) B) -(x + 8)(x - 5) C) -(x - 8)(x + 1) D) -(x - 8)(x + 5)

3
 39) -4w2 - 44w - 96 39)
A) -(4w + 32)(w + 3) B) -4(w + 8)(w + 3)
C) -(w - 8)(w - 3) D) prime

40) 5y3 - 10y2 - 75y 40)

A) (y - 3)(5y2 + 25) B) (5y2 + 15y)(y - 5)
C) 5y(y + 3)(y - 5) D) 5y(y - 3)(y + 5)

41) 2x3 + 4x2 - 30x 41)

A) 2x(x - 3)(x + 5) B) 2x(x + 3)(x - 5) C) (x - 3)(2x2 + 10) D) (2x2 + 6x)(x - 5)

42) 2y3 - 4y2 - 30y 42)

A) 2y(y + 3)(y - 5) B) (y - 3)(2y2 + 10)
C) 2y(y - 3)(y + 5) D) (2y2 + 6y)(y - 5)

43) a3 b2 - 2a 2 b - 3a 43)
A) a(ab + 3)(ab - 1) B) a(ab - 3)(ab + 1)
C) a 3(b - 3)(b + 1) D) a(a 2 b2 - 2ab - 3)

44) 3x2 y - 18xy - 120y 44)

A) 3y(x + 10)(x - 4) B) 3y(x - 10)(x - 4)
C) 3y(x + 10)(x + 4) D) 3y(x - 10)(x + 4)

45) x3 - 10x - 3x2 45)

A) x(x - 5)(x - 2) B) x(x - 5)(x + 2) C) x(x + 5)(x - 2) D) x(x + 5)(x + 2)

46) 8x2 - 60x + 4x3 46)

A) 4x(x + 3)(x - 5) B) 4x(x - 3)(x + 5)
C) (x - 3)(4x2 + 20) D) (4x2 + 12x)(x - 5)

47) 20x2 - 100x + 125 47)

A) 5(2x - 5)2 B) 5(2x + 5)2
C) -10(2x - 5)2 D) 5(2x + 5)(2x - 5)

48) 100x2 + 80x + 16 48)

A) 4(5x + 2)2 B) 4(5x + 2)(5x - 2)
C) 4(5x - 2)2 D) 4(25x + 4)2

Factor.
49) 2x + 18 + xy + 9y 49)
A) (y + 9)(2x + y) B) (y + 9)(x + 2) C) (x + 9y)(2 + y) D) (x + 9)(2 + y)

50) xy + 6x - 4y - 24 50)
A) (x - 6)(y + 4) B) (y - 6)(x + 4) C) (y + 6)(x - 4) D) (x + 6)(y - 4)

4
 51) x3 + 7x2 + x + 7 51)
A) (x2 + 7)(x + 1) B) (7x2 + 7)(x + 1) C) (x2 + 1)(x + 7) D) (x2 + 1)(7x + 7)

52) x3 + 6x + x2 + 6 52)
A) (x2 + 6)(x + 1) B) (6x + 1)(x + 1) C) (x2 + 1)(x + 6) D) (x2 + 1)(6x + 1)

53) x3 - x2 + 9x - 9 53)
A) (x2 + 9)(x - 1) B) (x2 + 1)(x - 9) C) (x2 - 1)(x + 9) D) (x2 - 9)(x + 1)

54) 4xy - 12x + 9y - 27 54)

A) (4x - 3)(y + 9) B) (4x + 9)(y - 3) C) (4x + 9y)(y - 3) D) (4x + y)(9y - 3)

55) x(y + 7) + 14(y +7) 55)

A) 7y(x + 14) B) (y + 7)(x + 14)
C) 14x(y + 7) D) (xy + 7x) + (14y + 98)

56) w(z - 7) - 12(z - 7) 56)

A) (wz - 7w) - (12z - 84) B) 12w(z - 7)
C) (z - 7)(w - 12) D) (z - 7)(w + 12)

57) 20x3 + 25x2 + 16x + 20 57)

A) (5x2 + 4)(4x + 5) B) (4x2 - 4)(5x + 4)
C) 20x(4x2 + 5x + 9) D) (5x2 - 4)(4x - 5)

58) 15y3 - 3y2 + 20y - 4 58)

A) (3y2 + 4)(5y - 1) B) 3y2(5y - 5)
C) (3y2 - 4)(5y + 1) D) (3y2 - 4)(5y - 1)

59) 15w3 + 12w2 - 35w - 28 59)

A) (w2 - 7)(15w + 4) B) (3w2 - 7)(5w - 4)
C) (3w2 - 7)(5w + 4) D) (3w2 + 7)(5w - 4)

60) 16p3 - 20p2 - 12p + 15 60)

A) (4p2 - 3)(4p + 5) B) (4p2 + 3)(4p - 5)
C) (4p2 + 3)(4p + 5) D) (4p2 - 3)(4p - 5)

61) 5n 3 - 3n 2 - 125n + 75 61)

A) (n + 5)(n - 5)(5n - 3) B) (n + 5)(n + 5)(5n - 3)
C) (n + 5)(n - 5)(5n + 3) D) (n - 5)(n - 5)(5n + 3)

Factor completely. If the polynomial is prime, so state.

62) 6x2 + x - 5 62)
A) (6x + 5)(x - 1) B) (6x + 1)(x - 5) C) (6x - 1)(x + 5) D) (6x - 5)(x + 1)

63) 5x2 + 56x + 11 63)

A) (5x + 11)(x + 1) B) (5x - 1)(x - 11) C) (5x + 1)(x + 11) D) prime

5
64) 4x2 + 7x - 15 64)
A) (x + 3)(4x - 5) B) (x - 3)(4x + 5) C) (x - 5)(4x + 3) D) prime

65) 3x2 - 11x - 10 65)

A) (3x + 2)(x - 5) B) (3x - 2)(x + 5) C) (3x - 5)(x + 2) D) prime

66) 15x2 + 22x + 8 66)

A) (3x - 2)(5x - 4) B) (15x + 2)(x + 4) C) (3x + 2)(5x + 4) D) prime

67) 15x2 + 13x + 2 67)

A) (x + 1)(15x + 2) B) (5x - 1)(3x - 2) C) (3x + 1)(5x + 2) D) (5x + 1)(3x + 2)

68) 20y2 - 23y + 6 68)

A) (20y + 3)(y + 2) B) (4y + 3)(5y + 2) C) (4y - 3)(5y - 2) D) prime

69) 9x2 - 6x - 8 69)

A) (9x + 2)(x - 4) B) (3x - 2)(3x + 4) C) (3x + 2)(3x - 4) D) prime

70) 6a 2 - 7ab - 3b2 70)

A) (3a + b)(2a - 3b) B) (6a + b)(a - 3b)
C) (3a - b)(2a + 3b) D) prime

71) 9x2 + 6xy - 8y2 71)

A) (9x + 4y)(x - 2y) B) (3x + 4y)(3x - 2y)
C) (3x - 4y)(3x + 2y) D) prime

72) 9x2 + 3x - 20 72)

A) (3x - 4)(x + 5) B) (3x - 4)(3x + 5) C) (3x + 4)(3x - 5) D) prime

73) 20 + 21x2 - 43x 73)

A) (7x + 5)(-3x + 4) B) (7x - 5)(3x + 4) C) (7x - 5)(3x - 4) D) prime

74) 12x2 + 25xt + 12t2 74)

A) (12x + 4t)(x + 3t) B) (3x + 4t)(4x + 3t)
C) (12x - 4t)(x - 3t) D) (3x - 4t)(4x - 3t)

75) -45x3 + 96x2 - 48x 75)

A) -3(5x2 - 4)(3x - 4) B) -3x(5x - 4)(3x - 4)
C) x(-15x + 12)(3x - 4) D) x(5x - 4)(-9x + 12)

76) 32x3 - 8x2 - 60x 76)

A) x(4x + 5)(8x - 12) B) 4(4x2 + 5)(2x - 3)
C) x(16x + 20)(2x - 3) D) 4x(4x + 5)(2x - 3)

6
 77) - 17x3 + 6x2 + 12x4 77)
A) x2(3x - 2)(4x - 3) B) x2 (12x - 1)(x - 6)
C) (12x2 + 2)(x2 + 3) D) x(3x + 2)(4x + 3)

78) 60x2 + 35xy + 5y2 78)

A) 5(3x + y)(4x + y) B) (15x + 5y)(4x + y)
C) 5(3x - y)(4x - y) D) prime

79) 18x3 - 207x2 + 405x 79)

A) x(9x - 9)(2x - 5) B) 9x(x + 9)(2x + 5)
C) 9x(x - 9)(2x - 5) D) prime

80) 16x2 - 56x - 32 80)

A) (16x - 8)(x + 4) B) 8(2x - 1)(x + 4) C) 8(2x + 1)(x - 4) D) prime

81) 14y2 + 63y - 35 81)

A) 7(2y - 1)(y + 5) B) (14y - 7)(y + 5) C) 7(2y + 1)(y - 5) D) prime

82) 12x2 y2 + 29xy2 + 15y2 82)

A) (4x + 5y)(3x + 3y) B) y2 (x + 5)(12x + 3)
C) y2(3x + 5)(4x + 3) D) (3x + 5y)(4x + 3y)

83) -40x3 + 42x2 - 8x 83)

A) -2(5x2 - 4)(4x - 1) B) -2x(5x - 4)(4x - 1)
C) x(-10x + 8)(4x - 1) D) x(5x - 4)(-8x + 2)

84) 10x2 y2 - 29xy2 + 10y2 84)

A) (5x - 2y)(2x - 5y) B) y2 (5x - 2)(2x - 5)
C) y2(x - 2)(10x - 5) D) (2x - 2y)(5x - 5y)

85) 24x3 + 22x2 + 4x 85)

A) x(4x + 1)(6x + 4) B) x(8x + 2)(3x + 2)
C) 2x(4x + 1)(3x + 2) D) 2(4x2 + 1)(3x + 2)

Factor the sum or difference of two cubes completely.

86) t3 + 729 86)
A) (t - 9)(t2 + 9t + 81) B) (t - 729)(t + 1)(t - 1)
C) (t + 9)(t2 - 9t + 81) D) (t + 9)(t2 + 81)

87) x3 - 27 87)
A) (x + 27)(x + 1)(x - 1) B) (x - 3)(x2 + 9)
C) (x + 3)(x2 - 3x + 9) D) (x - 3)(x2 + 3x + 9)

7
 88) 1000p3 + 1 88)
A) (10p + 1)(100p2 - 10p + 1) B) (10p + 1)(100p2 - 10p - 1)
C) (10p + 1)(100p2 + 10p + 1) D) (10p + 1)(100p2 + 1)

89) 81s3 + 3 89)

A) 3(3s - 1)(9s2 + 3s + 1) B) 3(3s + 1)(9s2 - 3s + 1)
C) 3(3s + 3)(9s2 - 9s + 3) D) 3(3s + 1)(9s2 + 3s + 1)

90) 729p3 - 1 90)

A) (9p + 1)(81p2 - 9p + 1) B) (9p - 1)(81p2 + 1)
C) (729p - 1)(p2 + 9p + 1) D) (9p - 1)(81p2 + 9p + 1)

91) 56t3 - 7 91)

A) 7(2t + 1)(4t2 - 2t + 1) B) 7(2t - 7)(4t2 + 14t + 7)
C) 7(2t - 1)(4t2 + 2t + 1) D) 7(2t - 1)(4t2 - 2t + 1)

92) 7r3 - 189 92)

A) 7(r - 3)(r2 + 3r + 9) B) 7(r - 21)(r2 + 21r + 63)
C) 7(r + 3)(r2 - 3r + 9) D) 7(r - 3)(r2 - 3r + 9)

93) 4k3 + 108 93)

A) 4(k + 3)(k2 - 3k + 9) B) 4(k + 12)(k2 - 12k + 36)
C) 4(k - 3)(k2 + 3k + 9) D) 4(k + 3)(k2 + 3k + 9)

94) 343x3 - y3 94)

A) (343x - y)(x2 + 7xy + y2 ) B) (7x + y)(49x2 - 7xy + y2)
C) (7x - y)(49x2 + 7xy + y2 ) D) (7x - y)(49x2 + y2 )

95) s3 - 8t3 95)

A) (s + 8t)(s + t)(s - t) B) (s + 2t)(s2 - 2st + 4t2 )
C) (s - 2t)(s2 + 4t2 ) D) (s - 2t)(s 2 + 2st + 4t2 )

96) 125p3 + q3 96)

A) (5p + q)(25p2 + q2 ) B) (5p + q)(25p2 - 5pq - q2 )
C) (5p + q)(25p2 - 5pq + q2 ) D) (5p + q)(25p2 + 5pq + q2 )

97) 64a 3 - 27b3 97)

A) (64a - 3b)(a 2 + 12ab + 9b2 ) B) (4a + 3b2 )(16a 2 - 12ab + 9b2 )
C) (4a - 3b)(16a 2 + 9b2 ) D) (4a - 3b)(16a 2 + 12ab + 9b2 )

Factor completely. If the polynomial is prime, so state.

98) x2 - 9 98)
A) (x + 3)(x + 3) B) (x + 3)(x - 3) C) (x - 3)(x - 3) D) prime

8
 99) x2 + x - 6 99)
A) (x + 1)(x - 6) B) (x - 3)(x + 2) C) (x - 2)(x + 3) D) prime

100) x2 - x - 12 100)
A) (x + 3)(x - 4) B) (x + 1)(x - 12) C) (x + 4)(x - 3) D) prime

101) 7x2 + 11x - 6 101)

A) (x - 3)(7x + 2) B) (x - 2)(7x + 3) C) (x + 2)(7x - 3) D) prime

102) 3x2 + 19x + 10 102)

A) (3x + 2)(x + 5) B) (3x - 2)(x - 5) C) (3x + 5)(x + 2) D) prime

103) 4x2 - 5x + 4 103)

A) (4x - 1)(x - 4) B) (4x - 4)(x - 1) C) (2x - 4)(2x - 1) D) prime

104) x2 + 2x - 63 104)
A) (x - 9)(x + 7) B) (x + 9)(x - 7) C) (x - 9)(x + 1) D) prime

105) 6y2 + 27y - 15 105)

A) 3(2y + 1)(y - 5) B) (6y - 3)(y + 5) C) 3(2y - 1)(y + 5) D) prime

106) 5x3 + 23x2 + 12x 106)

A) x(x + 4)(5x + 3) B) x(5x + 4)(x + 3) C) 5x(x + 4)(x + 3) D) prime

107) x2 + 5xy - 14y2 107)

A) (x - 7y)(x + 2y) B) (x - 7y)(x + y) C) (x + 7y)(x - 2y) D) (x - y)(x + 2y)

108) x2 + 2xy - 35y2 108)

A) (x + 5y)(x + 7y) B) (x + 5y)(x + y) C) (x - 5y)(x + 7y) D) prime

109) x2 - 9xy + 18y2 109)

A) (x - 3y)(x - 6y) B) (x - 3y)(x + 6y) C) (x + 3y)(x - 6y) D) (x + 3y)(x + 6y)

110) 12x3 - 68x2 + 80x 110)

A) x(4x - 4)(3x - 5) B) 4x(x - 4)(3x - 5)
C) 4x(x + 4)(3x + 5) D) prime

111) -48x3 - 140x2 - 100x 111)

A) x(4x + 5)(-12x - 20) B) -4(4x2 + 5)(3x + 5)
C) -4x(4x + 5)(3x + 5) D) x(-16x - 20)(3x + 5)

112) 9x4 - 12x3 + 4x2 112)

A) x2(9x - 1)(x - 4) B) x2 (3x - 2)(3x - 2)
C) (9x2 + 2)(x2 + 2) D) x(3x + 2)(3x + 2)

9
 113) 25x2 + 60x + 36 113)
A) (5x - 6)2 B) (25x + 1)(x + 36)
C) (5x + 6)2 D) (5x + 6)(5x - 6)

114) 49x2 - 16 114)

A) (7x + 4)(7x - 4) B) (7x + 4)(7x + 4) C) (7x - 4)(7x - 4) D) prime

115) 36x2 - 49y2 115)

A) (6x + 7y) 2 B) (6x - 7y) 2
C) (6x + 7y)(6x - 7y) D) prime

116) 6m 6 + 10m 4 + 8m 2 116)

A) m2 (6m 4 + 10m 2 + 8) B) 2m2 (3m 4 + 5m 2 + 4)
C) 2(3m6 + 5m4 + 4m2 ) D) prime

Solve.
117) 4x(8x - 3) = 0 117)
3 1 3 3 3 1
A) x = , , 0 B) x = - ,0 C) x = ,0 D) x = ,
8 4 8 8 8 4

118) (x - 5)(x + 2) = 0 118)

A) x = 5, 2 B) x = 5, -2, 0 C) x = 5, -2 D) x = -5, 2

119) x2 - x = 56 119)
A) x = 1, 56 B) x = -7, -8 C) x = -7, 8 D) x = 7, 8

120) x2 + 2x - 15 = 0 120)
A) x = 5, 3 B) x = -5, 3 C) x = -5, 1 D) x = 5, -3

121) 4x2 - 5x - 9 = 0 121)

4 4 4 9
A) x = , 1 B) x = , -1 C) x = , 0 D) x = , -1
9 9 9 4

122) x(4x + 22) = 12 122)

11 1 11
A) x = 2, 6 B) x = 0, C) x = , -6 D) x = 0, -
2 2 2

123) x2 - 49 = 48x 123)

A) x = 1, -49 B) x = -7, 7 C) x = 0, -7 D) x = -1, 49

124) 3x2 - 27x + 60 = 0 124)

A) x = 4, 5 B) x = 3, 4, 5 C) x = 0, 4, 5 D) x = -4, -5

125) 4x2 = 9 125)

5 3 3 5 3 3
A) x = B) x = , - C) x = D) x = , -
36 2 2 6 4 4

10
126) 17x2 - 5x = 0 126)
17 5 5 17
A) x = ,0 B) x = - ,0 C) x = ,0 D) x = - ,0
5 17 17 5

127) 5x3 + 4x2 = 45x + 36 127)

4 4 4
A) x = -3, 3 B) x = -3, - , 3 C) x = - , 0 D) x = - , 3
5 5 5

128) 8x3 + 64x2 + 120x = 0 128)

1
A) x = -3, -5 B) x = 0, 3, 5 C) x = - , -5 D) x = 0, -3, -5
3

129) 49x2 + 15 = 56x 129)

5 3 5 3 5 3 3 12
A) x = , B) x = - , - C) x = , D) x = ,
7 7 7 7 49 49 49 49

130) 7x2 + 21x = - 14 130)

1 1
A) no real solution B) x = 1, x = 2 C) x = - , x = D) x = - 2, x = - 1
2 2

131) 10x2 + 37x + 18 = -12 131)

5 2 5 5 6 5 6 5
A) x = , B) x = - , - C) x = - , - D) x = ,
6 5 6 2 5 2 5 2

132) x3 + x2 - 20x = 0 132)

A) x = 0, 3, 4 B) x = - 5, 4 C) x = 3, 4 D) x = 0, - 5, 4

133) x3 + 4x2 - x - 4 = 0 133)

A) x = 1, - 4, 4 B) x = 16 C) x = - 4, 4 D) x = -1, 1, - 4

134) 4x3 - 8x2 = 12x 134)

A) x = -1, 3 B) x = -1, 0, 3 C) x = 1, -3 D) x = 0, 1, -3

135) 2x(x - 4) = 6x2 - 9x 135)

1 1
A) x = - , 0 B) x = 0 C) x = 0, D) x = 0, 4
4 4

136) 2 - 10x = (3x - 7)(x + 1) 136)

1 7
A) x = B) x = -1, 3 C) x = -3, 1 D) x = -1,
5 3

137) 4x(x + 5) = (3x - 8)(x + 5) 137)

A) x = -8 B) x = -5, -8 C) x = 5, 8 D) x = 8

138) (x + 4)(x + 1) = 54 138)

A) x = -4, -1 B) x = -5, 10 C) x = -10, 5 D) x = 1, 4

11
 139) m2 + 8m - 48 = 0 139)
A) m = -12, 1 B) m = -12, 4 C) m = 12, -4 D) m = 12, 4

140) x2 + 6x = 55 140)
A) x = 11, -5 B) x = -11, 1 C) x = -11, 5 D) x = 11, 5

141) x2 - x = 20 141)
A) x = 1, 20 B) x = -4, 5 C) x = -4, -5 D) x = 4, 5

7 x
142) x2 - x = 142)
2 2
A) x = 0, -4 B) x = 0, 4 C) x = 0, 7 D) x = -2, 4

143) q(3q + 16) = 12 143)

16 2 3 16
A) q = 0, B) q = , -6 C) q = , 6 D) q = 0, -
3 3 2 3

144) x2 + 7x = x(x - 10) 144)

A) x = 0 B) No solutions C) x = 7, -10 D) x = -7, 10

145) 2(x - 3) = 16x + 2(x2 + 3) 145)

A) x = 1, 6 B) x = -1, -6 C) x = 2, -1, 6 D) x = 2, 1, -6

x2 1 x
146) + = 146)
210 10 21
A) x = 3, 7 B) x = -7, 3 C) x = -7, -3 D) x = -3, 7

Find all x-intercepts.

147) f(x) = x2 + 4x - 32 147)
A) (-8, 0), (-4, 0) B) (-8, 0), (4, 0) C) (8, 0), (-4, 0) D) (8, 0), (4, 0)

148) g(t) = t2 + 10t - 24 148)

A) (-12, 0), (1, 0) B) (12, 0), (2, 0) C) (-12, 0), (2, 0) D) (12, 0), (-2, 0)

149) s(p) = 4p2 - 5p - 9 149)

9 4 4 4
A) , 0 , (-1, 0) B) , 0 , (0, 0) C) , 0 , (-1, 0) D) , 0 , (1, 0)
4 9 9 9

150) f(x) = x3 + x2 - 12x 150)

A) (- 4, 0), (3, 0) B) (0, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0)
C) (2, 0), (3, 0) D) (0, 0), (- 4, 0), (3, 0)

151) f(x) = x3 + 6x2 - x - 6 151)

A) (- 6, 0), (6, 0) B) (-1, 0), (1, 0), (- 6, 0)
C) (36, 0) D) (1, 0), (- 6, 0), (6, 0)

12
 152) f(x) = x2 - 5x - 36 152)
A) (-6, 0), (6, 0) B) (-4, 0), (9, 0) C) (-9, 0), (4, 0) D) (-12, 0), (3, 0)

Solve the problem.

153) Let f(x) = 4x2 + 3x + 8. Find f(-2). 153)
A) f(-2) = 18 B) f(-2) = 30 C) f(-2) = -14 D) f(-2) = -2

154) Let f(x) = x2 - 2x - 2. Find f(-4). 154)

A) f(-4) = 12 B) f(-4) = 22 C) f(-4) = 2 D) f(-4) = 24

155) Let f(x) = x2 + 9. Find f(2). 155)

A) f(2) = 121 B) f(2) = 4 C) f(2) = 13 D) f(2) = 11

156) Let f(x) = x2 + 105x + 2250. Find f(-5). 156)

A) f(-5) = -30 B) f(-5) = -71 C) f(-5) = -120 D) f(-5) = -75

157) Let f(x) = x2 + 9x + 13. Find x when f(x) = -5. 157)

A) x = -7, -4 B) x = -3, -6 C) x = -7, -6 D) x = -3, -4

Use the graph to solve the equation.

1 3
158) Solve: x2 + 2x + = 0 158)
2 2

1 2 3
y= x + 2x +
2 2
10 y

8
6

4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2

-4
-6
-8

-10
A) x = -4 or -2 B) x = -3 or -1 C) x = -2 or 0 D) x = 0 or 2

13
 159) Solve: x3 - 3x2 - 1 = x - 4 159)

y = x3 - 3x2 - 1
12 y

10 y =x-4
8
6
4

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2
-4

-6
-8
A) x = -3, -1, or 1 B) x = -1, 1, or 3 C) x = -5, -3, or -1 D) x = 0 or 0

Use the table to solve the equation.

160) Solve: 2x2 - 5x + 3 = 1 160)

x y
-2 21
-1 10
0 3
1 0
2 1
3 6
4 15

A) 4 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1

Solve the problem.

161) The side of a square equals the length of a rectangle. The width of the rectangle is 4 meters longer 161)
than its length. The sum of the areas of the square and the rectangle is 198 square centimeters.
Find the side of the square.
A) 81 cm B) 11 cm C) 9 cm D) 2 cm

162) The width of a rectangle is 6 kilometers less than twice its length. If its area is 176 square 162)
kilometers, find the dimensions of the rectangle.
176
A) width = 11 km, length = 16 km B) length = 3 km, width = km
3

C) length = 11 km, width = 16 km D) length = 8 km, width = 10 km

163) The length of a rectangular storage room is 4 feet longer than its width. If the area of the room is 77 163)
square feet, find its dimensions.
A) w = 6 ft, l = 10 ft B) w = 8 ft, l = 12 ft
C) w = 7 ft, l = 11 ft D) w = 6 ft, l = 12 ft

14
164) Use the given area to find the missing sides of the rectangle. 164)

A = 120

2x + 8

A) -10, -12 B) 20, 12 C) 6, 20 D) 6, 12

165) Use the given area to find the dimensions of the quadrilateral. 165)

A = 44

2x - 10

2x + 10

A) base = -8, height = 12 B) base = 2, height = 22

C) base = 10, height = 10 D) base = 22, height = 2

166) A local business sign is in the shape of a triangle. If the base of the sign is 3 times the height and 166)
the area is 864 square feet, find the dimensions of the sign.
A) height = 12 ft, base = 36 ft B) height = 36 ft, base = 12 ft
C) height = 72 ft, base = 24 ft D) height = 24 ft, base = 72 ft

167) A triangular piece of glass is being cut so that the height of the triangle is 4 inches shorter than 167)
twice the base. If the area of the triangle is 120 square inches, how long is the height of the
triangle?
A) 12 in. B) 24 in. C) 20 in. D) 22 in.

168) If A = 12 cm 2 , find the base of the triangle. 168)

h+2
A) 7 cm B) 6 cm C) 2 cm D) 4 cm

15
169) An object is thrown upward from the top of a 160-foot building with an initial velocity of 48 feet 169)
per second. The height h of the object after t seconds is given by the quadratic equation
h = -16t2 + 48t + 160. When will the object hit the ground?
A) 160 sec B) 2 sec C) 5 sec D) -2 sec

170) A window washer accidentally drops a bucket from the top of a 256-foot building. The height h of 170)
the bucket after t seconds is given by h = -16t2 + 256. When will the bucket hit the ground?
A) -4 sec B) 64 sec C) 16 sec D) 4 sec

171) If h = -16t2 + 224t represents the height of a firework, in feet, t seconds after is was fired, when will 171)
the firework be 784 feet high?
A) -7 sec B) 7 sec C) 49 sec D) 112 sec

172) The number of music CD's (in thousands) sold by a leading retailer has been decreasing due to the 172)
introduction of the MP3 player.

Number of music CD's sold

Year (thousands)
2000 80
2001 76
2002 70
2003 62
2004 52

Let S be the number (in thousands) of CD's sold t years since the year 2000. A model of the
situation is
S = -t2 - 3t + 80. Predict the number of CD's that will be sold in the year 2006.
A) 2600 B) 260 C) 26,000 D) 26

173) The amount of money (in thousands of dollars) that Americans spend yearly at coffee retailers has 173)
increased greatly.

Amount spent
Year (thousands of dollars)
1996 40
1997 43
1998 48
1999 55

Let D be the amount (in thousands of dollars) Americans have spent on coffee every year since
1996. A model for the situation is D = t2 + 2t + 40. Use factoring strategies to determine the year
when 88,000 dollars was or will be spent on coffee.
A) 1992 B) 1988 C) 2002, 1988 D) 2002

16
174) The amount of money (in thousands of dollars) that Americans spend yearly at coffee retailers has 174)
increased greatly.

Amount spent
Year (thousands of dollars)
1996 40
1997 43
1998 48
1999 55

Let D be the amount (in thousands of dollars) Americans have spent on coffee every year since
1996. A model for the situation is D = t2 + 2t + 40. How much money will Americans spend on
coffee in the year 2009?
A) $235,000 B) $23,500 C) $2350 D) $235

175) If the cost, C(x), for manufacturing x units of a certain product is given by C(x) = x2 - 10x + 4200, 175)
find the number of units manufactured at a cost of $5400.
A) 30 units B) 60 units C) 70 units D) 40 units

176) A manufacturer determines that the profit in dollars for manufacturing n units is 176)
P = 2n 2 - 60n - 370. (Assume that n is a positive integer) How many units are produced when the
profit is $430?
A) 50 units B) 45 units C) 10 units D) 40 units

177) The net income y (in millions of dollars) of Pet Products Unlimited from 1997 to 1999 is given by 177)
the equation y = 9x2 + 15x + 52, where x represents the number of years after 1997. Assume this
trend continues and predict the year in which Pet Products Unlimited's net income will be $256
million.
A) 2001 B) 2000 C) 2003 D) 2002

17
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED8

1) B
2) B
3) C
4) D
5) D
6) C
7) D
8) B
9) B
10) A
11) B
12) B
13) B
14) B
15) C
16) B
17) A
18) D
19) B
20) C
21) B
22) C
23) A
24) B
25) C
26) C
27) B
28) C
29) A
30) D
31) D
32) B
33) B
34) B
35) D
36) A
37) C
38) B
39) B
40) C
41) A
42) A
43) B
44) D
45) B
46) B
47) A
48) A
49) D
50) C
18
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED8

51) C
52) A
53) A
54) B
55) B
56) C
57) A
58) A
59) C
60) D
61) A
62) D
63) C
64) A
65) D
66) C
67) D
68) C
69) C
70) A
71) B
72) B
73) C
74) B
75) B
76) D
77) A
78) A
79) C
80) C
81) A
82) C
83) B
84) B
85) C
86) C
87) D
88) A
89) B
90) D
91) C
92) A
93) A
94) C
95) D
96) C
97) D
98) B
99) C
100) A
19
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED8

101) C
102) D
103) D
104) B
105) C
106) A
107) C
108) C
109) A
110) B
111) C
112) B
113) C
114) A
115) C
116) B
117) C
118) C
119) C
120) B
121) D
122) C
123) D
124) A
125) B
126) C
127) B
128) D
129) A
130) D
131) C
132) D
133) D
134) B
135) C
136) C
137) B
138) C
139) B
140) C
141) B
142) B
143) B
144) A
145) B
146) A
147) B
148) C
149) A
150) D
20
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED8

151) B
152) B
153) A
154) B
155) C
156) C
157) B
158) B
159) B
160) B
161) C
162) C
163) C
164) C
165) D
166) D
167) C
168) B
169) C
170) D
171) B
172) C
173) C
174) A
175) D
176) D
177) A

21
Another random document with
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 Her Majesty, however, continuing to express herself of a different
opinion, I found it useless to offer objections.
When I returned home in the evening, I set myself, therefore, to
consider how I might best execute her orders, and before I went to
bed I drew up a sort of plan, which I thought might furnish some
ideas for the formation of the establishment in view, and sent it off to
the Empress, more, indeed, for the purpose of complying with her
wishes than from any serious thought of furnishing a design worthy
of her choice and adoption. My astonishment may therefore be
imagined, when I received back, from the hands of her Majesty, this
imperfect outline of a scheme hastily conceived and informally drawn
up, with all the ceremonial of an official instrument, confirmed by the
sanction of her Imperial signature, and accompanied with an ukase
which conferred on me the presidentship of the embryo academy. A
copy of this ukase, I at the same time learned, had been transmitted
to the Senate.
Though this had the air of the Empress’s being in earnest, and
resolute in her intentions with regard to me, I nevertheless went to
Tsárskoe Seló two days afterwards, still hoping to prevail on her
Majesty to make choice of some other president. Finding my efforts
unavailing, I told her Majesty that as Director of the Academy of Arts
and Sciences I had already at my disposal sufficient funds for the
maintenance of the new establishment, and that she need be at no
other expense, at present, than the purchase of a house for it. These
funds, I observed, in explanation, would arise out of the five
thousand roubles which she gave annually, from her private purse,
for translations of the classics. The Empress evinced her surprise
and satisfaction, but expressed her hopes that the translations
should be continued.
“Most assuredly, madam,” said I, “the translations shall be carried
on, and I trust more extensively than hitherto, by the students of the
Academy of Sciences, subject to the revision and correction of the
professors; and thus the five thousand roubles, of which the directors
have never rendered any account, and which, to judge from the very
few translations that have appeared, they seem to have put into their
own pockets, may now be turned to a very useful purpose. I will have
the honour, madam,” added I, “of presenting you soon with an
estimate of all the necessary expenses of the proposed
establishment; and considering the sum I have stated as the extent
of its means, we shall then see if anything remains for the less
absolute requisites, such as medals and casts,—a few of which may
be deemed, indeed, almost indispensable, in order to reward and
distinguish the most deserving of its students.”
In the estimate, which I accordingly made, I fixed the salary of two
secretaries at 900 roubles, and of two translators at 450 roubles
each. It was necessary, also, to have a treasurer, and four persons,
invalid soldiers, to heat the stove and take care of the house. These
appointments together I estimated at 3300 roubles, which left the
1700 for fuel, paper and the occasional purchase of books, but no
surplus whatever for casts and medals.
Her Majesty, who had been accustomed to a very different scale of
expenditure, was, I think, more surprised than pleased at this
estimate; but signified her desire to add whatever was wanted for the
purposes not provided for in it, and this I fixed at 1250 roubles. The
salary of the president, and contingent perquisites of office, were not
usually forgotten in estimates of this nature, but in the present I had
not assigned myself a single rouble; and thus was a most useful
establishment, answering every object of its institution, founded and
supported at no greater expense to her Majesty than the price of a
few honorary badges.
To sum up all that may be said on the subject of the Russian
Academy, I may be allowed to state the following particulars: viz., in
the first place, that with three years’ arrears of her Majesty’s bounty,
originally granted for the translation of the classics, which had not
been paid to Mr. Domáshnev,—that is to say, with 15,000 roubles, in
addition to what sums I could spare from the economic fund,—I built
two houses in the court of the house given by the Empress for the
Academy, which added a rent of 1950 roubles to its revenue; I
furnished the house of the Academy, and by degrees purchased a
very considerable library, having, in the meantime, lent my own for
its use; I left 4900 roubles as a fund, placed in the Foundling
Hospital; I began, finished and published a dictionary; and all this I
had accomplished at the end of eleven years. I say nothing of the
new building for the Academy, the elevation of which has been so
much admired, executed, indeed, under my directions, but at the
expense of the Crown, and therefore not to be enumerated among
those labours which were more especially my own. Besides, had it
been, strictly speaking, a work of mine, I could never have
considered it as one of my labours; for with so decided a taste, or
rather passion, as I had for architecture, such a work would have
formed one of my highest gratifications.
I ought to observe, before I dismiss the subject, that many things
occurred at Court relative to the concerns of my office both to vex
and disgust me. The enlightened part of the public, indeed, rendered
me more than justice in the tribute of praise they bestowed on my
zeal and public-spiritedness, to which they were pleased to refer all
the merit of the institution of a Russian Academy, as well as the
astonishing rapidity with which the first dictionary of our native
language was completed.
This latter work was the subject of a very clamorous criticism,
particularly as to the method of its verbal arrangement, which was
not according to an alphabetical, but an etymological order. This was
objected to, as rendering the dictionary confused, and ill adapted for
popular use; an objection very loudly echoed by the courtiers as
soon as it was known to have been made by the Empress, who
asked me more than once why we had adopted so inconvenient an
arrangement. It was, I informed her Majesty, no unusual one in the
first dictionary of any language, on account of the greater facility it
afforded in showing and even discovering the roots of words; but that
the Academy would publish, in about three years, a second edition,
arranged alphabetically, and much more perfect in every respect.
I know not how it was that the Empress, whose perception could
embrace every object, even those the most profound, appeared not
to comprehend me, but this I know, that I experienced in
consequence much annoyance, and notwithstanding my repugnance
to declare the opinion which her Majesty had pronounced against
our dictionary, at a sitting of the Academy, I determined to bring
forward the question again at our first meeting, without entering into
some other matters connected with it for which I had often been
made accountable.
All the members, as I expected, gave their judgment that it was
impossible to arrange otherwise the first dictionary of our language,
but that the second would be more complete, and disposed in
alphabetical order.
I repeated to the Empress, the next time I saw her, the unanimous
opinion of the academicians, and the reason for it. Her Majesty,
however, continued to retain her own, and was, in fact, at that time
much interested in a work dignified by the name of a dictionary, of
which Mr. Pallas was the compiler. It was a sort of vocabulary, in
nearly a hundred languages, some of which presented the reader
with about a score of words only, such as earth, air, water, father,
mother and so forth. Its learned author, celebrated for the publication
of his travels in Russia, and for his attainments in natural history, had
dared to run up the expense of printing this work, called a dictionary,
to flatter a little prejudice of her Majesty, to a sum exceeding 20,000
roubles, not to mention the very considerable cost it brought on the
Cabinet in dispatching couriers into Siberia, Kamchatka and so forth,
to pick up a few words in different languages, meagre and of little
utility.
Paltry and imperfect as was this singular performance, it was
extolled as an admirable dictionary, and was to me at that time an
occasion of much disgust and vexation.
 Semén Andréevich Poroshín. (1741-1769.)
Poroshín studied in the military school, where he
distinguished himself for his knowledge of foreign languages
and mathematics. Even as a student, he became a
contributor to literary magazines. After leaving school, he was
attached as adjutant to Peter III. From 1762 he was teacher of
mathematics to Paul, whom he tried to impress with a sense
of duty and love of country. In 1764 and 1765 he kept a diary
of his relations to the young Grand Duke, hoping some day to
use it as material for a history of his reign. In 1769 he died
during an expedition against Turkey, being then commander
of a regiment of infantry.

FROM HIS “DIARY”

October 29, 1764.—Having dressed himself, his Highness sat

down to study. Then he went incognito to his drawing-room to get a
look at the Turkish ambassador, who was having an audience with
his Excellency Nikíta Ivánovich. He was received in the same
manner as the first time. But when I arrived, his Highness did not
receive me so kindly as to make me satisfied with him. I do not wish
now to enter into any especial discussion of the cause of it, but will
only remark that his Highness is frequently greatly influenced by the
remarks made in regard to absent persons which he happens to
overhear. I have repeatedly noticed that if anything favourable or
laudatory is said in his hearing of someone, his Highness later
shows himself kindly disposed to him; if, on the contrary, something
unfavourable and deprecatory is said of anyone, especially when the
remark is not made directly to his Highness, but as if by accident, he,
seeing him, appears to be cold to him.
We seated ourselves at the table. His Excellency Nikíta Ivánovich
did not dine with us. Of outsiders there was only Count Alexander
Sergyéich Stroganóv. I have suffered terrible anguish to-day at table.
How could one help suffering, considering what had taken place?
We were talking about Peter the Great. Someone, passing in silence
all the great qualities of that monarch, deemed it proper to dwell only
on the fact that the Tsar used often to get drunk, and that he beat his
ministers with his cane. Another person, incautiously emulating this
conversation, which ought in no way be tolerated in the presence of
his Highness, added that when the Tsar was at one time beating with
his cane one of his generals who was a German, the latter later
repeated from the Bible: “The hand of the Lord was upon me, etc.”
The first person continued, saying that history knew only of two royal
wallopers, Peter I. and the late King of Prussia, the father of the
present King. Later he began to praise Charles XII., the King of
Sweden; I told him that Voltaire had written that Charles XII.
deserved to be the first soldier in Peter the Great’s army. Upon this
his Highness asked whether it was really so. The speaker answered
his Highness that it was very likely written that way, but that it was
nothing but mere flattery.
When I later spoke of the Emperor’s letters, which he had written
from abroad to his ministers, and remarked that for the correct
understanding of his time it was necessary to have these letters, and
that I possessed many of them, and so forth, the first speaker did not
deign to make any other remarks thereupon except that these letters
were very funny because the Emperor often addressed them to “Min
Her Admiral,” and signed them “Piter.” I found it difficult to dissemble
my dissatisfaction, and to subdue my excitement.
I leave it to the whole intelligent and unbiassed world whether it is
proper to let his Imperial Highness, the heir apparent of the Russian
throne, and a great-grandchild of Emperor Peter the Great, to be a
witness to such malicious remarks. Xenophon has represented in his
Cyrus a perfect king, and his rule a beneficent rule, and an example
for the emulation of the monarchs of future generations. Senseless
historians in many points contradict Xenophon’s history, and try to
point out the weaknesses of his hero. But clever and far-sighted men
care very little whether Cyrus was really such as Xenophon has
painted him, or otherwise, and extol the historian for having given us
a perfect model for kings, and they adduce his wise rule as an
example for them to follow. Thus, too, many other monarchs, whose
great deeds history has preserved to our own days, are adduced as
an example. Is it not necessary to present to his Highness the
praiseworthy deeds of famous heroes, in order to rouse in him the
desire and noble impulse of emulating them? That seems to be
evident and incontrovertible. Now, whose deeds will awaken in him a
greater attention, will produce a stronger effect upon him, and are
more important for his knowledge, than the deeds of Emperor Peter
the Great of blessed memory? They are esteemed great and
glorious in the whole subsolar world, and are proclaimed with
ecstasy by the lips of the sons of Russia. The Grand Duke, his
Highness’s own grandchild, was born in the same nation, and by the
decree of God will in time be the ruler of the same nation.
If there had never been on the Russian throne such an
incomparable man as was his Highness’s great ancestor, it would be
useful to invent him, for his Highness’s emulation. But we have such
a famous hero,—and what happens? I do not mean to say that the
Emperor Peter the Great was free from imperfections. Who of
mortals is? As many great men as history knows have all been
subject to certain weaknesses. But when they are used as
examples, we must not sermonise about their vices, but about their
virtues. Vices may either entirely be passed over in silence, or they
may be mentioned, but only incidentally, with the remark that the
ruler who is taken as a model tried his best to free himself from them
and that he overcame them. And the very opposite has happened....
At table Prince Baryatínski remarked that during his stay in
Sweden he had heard that all the wearing apparel, sword, boots and
everything else that had belonged to King Charles XII. was
preserved in the arsenal. I retorted that in our Museum are
preserved the wearing apparel and other belongings of Peter the
Great, but that we naturally had more reason to keep these things
than the Swedes, because the one defended his country and
brought it to a nourishing condition, while the other had brought his
to such ruin that even to the present day it has not been
resuscitated, and that, of course, not one intelligent Swede could
mention the name of Charles XII. without disgust. Prince Sergyéich
assented to this. Then the conversation turned to Keissler’s travels,
and then to the academic translators Teplóv, Golubtsóv and
Lébedev. I said that they knew and translated Russian well. The first
speaker remarked to that: “And yet they all died the same death,
namely, from drinking.” Thereupon the Grand Duke turned to me and
said: “Now, you hear that yourself. I suppose that is not a lie?” I
answered that I did not know them intimately, that I was not
acquainted with the manner of their demise, and that equally I did
not know where that gentleman got his information.
February 28, 1765.—His Highness arose at eight o’clock. After
having dressed himself, he sat down to his customary studies. After
his lesson he looked with me carefully at the road map to Moscow,
and recollected where and how we passed the time on our last
journey thither. I read to his Highness Vertot’s History of the Order of
Maltese Knights. Then he amused himself with his toys, and,
attaching to his cavalry the flag of the admiralty, imagined himself a
Maltese Knight. At ten o’clock we sat down to breakfast. We spoke
of Moscow and dramatic performances. We were about to rise from
table, when someone, I do not remember who, asked for butter and
cheese. The Grand Duke became angry at the butler and said: “Why
did you not put it on the table before?” and then turning to us: “They
simply steal the things for themselves!” We all armed ourselves
against the Grand Duke and told him in French how bad it was to
insult in this way a man of whom he could not know whether he was
guilty or not.
When we left the table, this sermon was continued. Mr. Osterwald
and I told his Highness in strong terms how bad his action was, and
how easily he could cause those people to hate him. Then our
conversation turned to the labours that an Emperor must undertake.
His Highness remarked among other things: “But an Emperor cannot
work all the time! He needs also some rest, and his amusements.”
To this I retorted to the Grand Duke: “No one demands that an
Emperor should never have any rest, for that is above human
strength, and an Emperor is just such a man as anybody else; only
he has been exalted to his position by God for his nation, and not for
himself; that, consequently, he must use all his endeavour in the
welfare and advancement of his nation; that his amusements and
pleasures ought to consist in his knowledge and vivid representation
of the great mass of his subjects who through his labours and cares
enjoy well-being and numberless advantages, and of the flourishing
condition of his country as the result of his work, and how his name
will in just glory redound to the future generations.” These are the
exact words which I spoke to his Highness. He listened to them very
attentively.
September 20, 1765.—The birthday of his Imperial Highness; he is
eleven years old. His Highness arose a little after seven.... I was not
yet all dressed, when he appeared in my room, took me by my hand
and began to walk around with me. I congratulated the Tsarévich
upon his birthday, and explained to him my wishes in regard to him,
which were similar to those of all the faithful sons of the country.
Having dressed himself, he went into the yellow room. His
Reverence, Father Platón, addressed to the Tsarévich a short
congratulation, in which he presented very strongly and wittily our
wishes and hopes in the progress of his Highness’s studies. Then
his Highness went into the interior apartments to the Empress, and
from there with her Highness to church. At the end of the liturgy,
Father Platón spoke a sermon on the theme: “Settle it therefore in
your hearts, not to meditate before what ye shall answer” (Luke xxi.
14). The whole sermon was beautiful. But especially the final
address to her Highness and the Grand Duke visibly moved the
hearts of all. Many eyes were seen in tears.... The Empress went
from church to her inner apartments, and his Highness followed her.
As we were there admitted to kiss her hand, she said among other
things: “Father Platón does with us what he wants. If he wants us to
weep, we weep; if he wants us to laugh, we laugh.”
The Satirical Journals (1769-1774), and Nikoláy
Ivánovich Nóvikov. (1744-1818.)
The first attempt at a periodical was made as early as the
year 1728, when literary essays were regularly added to the
news of the day in the St. Petersburg Gazette, but the first
literary journal was established in 1759 by Sumarókov under
the name of The Industrious Bee. The example of Russia’s
first littérateur was at once imitated by a number of private
individuals, and magazines became common, though their life
was nearly always very short. In 1769 there was issued by
Grigóri Kozítski, under Catherine’s supervision, the first
satirical journal, under the name of All Kinds of Things. During
the time of reforms, satire appears as a natural weapon of
attack against the old order of things, and there was,
therefore, nothing unusual in the popularity which this and the
following satirical journals attained. There is, however, also
another reason for their appearance. The English Spectator,
Tatler and Rambler were at that time well known in Russia,
and the literary part of the St. Petersburg Gazette brought out
a large number of translations from these English journals. All
Kinds of Things shows plainly the influence of Addison in the
tone of playful censure which was to Catherine’s liking and
which it cultivated.
Of the several satirical periodicals that followed, the Hell’s
Post; or, Correspondence between the Lame and the Halt
Devils, by F. Émin, and the famous Drone, by N. I. Nóvikov,
may be mentioned. The name of the latter is evidently chosen
in contradistinction to Sumarókov’s Industrious Bee, and its
editor, of whose imposing personality we shall speak later,
belonged to that enlightened class of men who were in
sympathy with the most advanced reforms, but had no love
for the flimsy Voltairism which pervaded Russian society, and,
like the Slavophile Shcherbátov (see p. 287), thought he
discerned some stern virtues in the generations preceding the
reforms of Peter the Great. He therefore set out to scourge
vice wherever he found it. The satirical journals were divided
into two camps: some clung to the mild and harmless satire of
All Kinds of Things, the others took the Drone for their model.
When the collaboration of Catherine in the first became
known, Nóvikov found it necessary to desist from his attacks,
to avoid the displeasure of the Empress, and soon his journal
stopped entirely. He later edited for a short time the Painter
and the Purse, but in 1774 all satirical journals ceased to
exist. The most important of these journals has been the
Painter, from which a generation of writers drew subjects for
their satire or comedy.
Nóvikov’s early education was received at the Gymnasium
connected with the Moscow University; he was excluded from
it in 1760 for laziness and insufficient progress. He soon
drifted into literature, and directed his attention to the
dissemination of useful knowledge among the people. He
developed a prodigious activity from 1772 to 1778, publishing
a large number of chronicles and documents dealing with
Russian antiquity. In 1779 he rented the University press for
ten years, published in three years more books than had been
issued by that institution in the preceding twenty-four years of
its existence, opened bookstores all over Russia and
encouraged and protected a whole generation of young
writers. He was a zealous Mason, and in that capacity
practised a most generous philanthropy by using the very
great income from his venture for the establishment of
charities and schools. Catherine was never favourable to the
Masons and other mystics who had got a firm foothold in St.
Petersburg and Moscow, and when the French Revolution
had broken out, she suspected such men as Radíshchev (see
p. 361) and Nóvikov of belonging to a secret society whose
object was the overturning of the existing order of things. At
first she ordered the metropolitan Platón to examine into the
soundness of Nóvikov’s religious views, but the enlightened
prelate reported: “I implore the all-merciful God that not only
in the flock which has been entrusted by God and you to me,
 but in the whole world there should be such good Christians
as Nóvikov.” Nevertheless, Catherine later found an excuse
for seizing Nóvikov and imprisoning him in the fortress of
Schlüsselburg, from which he was released by Emperor Paul,
who is said with tears in his eyes and upon his knees to have
begged Nóvikov’s forgiveness for his mother’s cruelty to him.
He passed the rest of his days in his estate of Tikhvín.

FROM “ALL KINDS OF THINGS”

I lately went to dine in a Moscow suburb with a friend of mine. To

my great displeasure I found the house in great sorrow because his
wife had had a bad dream which threatened some danger to him,
her and their children. We seated ourselves at the table. Their
youngest boy, who was sitting at the end of the table, began to cry:
“Mamma, I shall begin my problems on Monday.” “On Monday!”
exclaimed his mother: “The Lord preserve us! Nobody begins
anything new on Monday. Tell the deacon to begin on Tuesday.” The
lady of the house asked me to pass her the salt. I hastened to do her
the favour, but, being timid and overzealous, I dropped the salt-cellar
in passing it. She trembled when she saw the mishap, and
immediately remarked that the salt was spilled in her direction.
Collecting herself again, she sighed and said to her husband: “My
darling, misfortune never comes single. You will remember that the
dove-cot broke down the same day our servant girl spilled the salt on
the table.” “Yes, I remember,” said her husband, “and next day we
received the news of the battle of Zorndorf.” I managed to finish my
dinner, though with a heavy heart. The dinner being over, I
accidentally placed my knife and fork crosswise on my plate. The
hostess asked me to put them together. I soon learned from the
lady’s behaviour that she looked upon me as an odd fellow and
foreboder of misfortunes.
Gentlemen:—He who writes All Kinds of Things ought not to
disdain anything. In this hope I, though a common labourer, take up
the pen without hesitation, thinking that you might find something of
interest in what I write. I have no intricate style, but write simply, just
as I think.
I am a silversmith. Though I was not born here, I love Russia. I am
not the only German whom it supports. The Lord may grant all to feel
as gratefully to Russia, but people feel differently about that. I work
for many people, among them for a French teacher. You know there
are bushels of them in Moscow. The one I am telling you about came
to his profession in a strange manner. He was originally a
shoemaker. Suddenly he was seized by the spirit of heroism, or, to
tell the truth, indolence and starvation compelled him to enlist as a
soldier. After the battle of Rossbach, he fled in company with many
others. He worked in many capacities, wandering about from place
to place, and finally reached Russia, where he developed the proper
qualifications for a coachman. But he soon grew tired of sitting on
the coachman’s seat, and had a strong desire of getting inside the
carriage. He found no easier way of accomplishing his ambition than
by becoming a teacher, emulating in this the example of many of his
countrymen who, some from the box, like him, others from the
footman’s stand, have found their way into the carriage. And he
succeeded. Thus a lazy shoemaker, runaway soldier and bad
coachman was turned into a first-class teacher. At least he appears
to me to be good because he pays promptly for my work and does
not feed me, as other gentlemen do, with to-morrows.

SOUND REASONING ADORNS A MAN

My teacher made me once a present of a doll on my name-day,

accompanying it with the following noteworthy words: “Every
brainless man is a doll.” I asked him whom he meant by the word
“brainless,” and he answered: “Him who obeys more his will than
established rules.” I wanted to know why. He said: “Will without rule
is licence, and licence is injurious to oneself and his neighbour,
whereas rules have been established in life in order to curb harmful
lusts.” I sighed and said: “Oh, I see, then our neighbour committed
an act of licence, and did not obey the established rules, when he
took away our meadows so that our cattle are starving.” “Our
neighbour,” he answered with a smile, “has his own rules. He
belongs to the class of people who say every morning: ‘Lord, I am in
need of everything, but my neighbour is in need of nothing.’”
We paid such a high salary to this teacher that my step-mother
found it necessary to dismiss him, in order to add one hundred
roubles to the cook’s wages, and another cheaper teacher was hired
for me. He belonged to the class of people who write in their will that
they are to be buried without being washed. His affection for his
ungrateful country was so strong that he always had the name of
Paris in his mouth, in spite of the fact that he had been driven out of
his country with the coat of arms of a full-blown lily imprinted on his
back.[144] He knew by heart the names of all the streets of Paris, and
the external walls of all the prominent buildings of that city were
familiar to him, but he had never had the courage to enter them. He
was so adorned with wisdom that he knew everything without having
studied anything. He had an absolute contempt for everything that
did not transpire in France. For other things he had no mind, for
frequently, in a fit of abstraction, he put other people’s property into
his pockets, the result of which was a certain misunderstanding, as
he called it, between him and the police. The police proved that he
had stolen, but he affirmed the word “steal” was the invention of
crass ignorance, and that an honest man must defend his honour
from the police by means of the rapier. So he invited the commissary
of police to fight a duel with him. The latter not being as good a talker
as he was wont to stick to incontrovertible proofs, ordered my mentor
to be cast into prison. My mother was quite put out about him, for
she said she did not know where to get another cheap teacher like
him. However, there arrived at that time some guests at our house
who assured her that that very day there had arrived in Moscow the
coachman of the French ambassador, with his scullion, hair-dresser,
courier and lackey, who did not wish to return with him, and that for
the common good of the people of Moscow they had the intention of
imparting their arts to those who wanted to be instructed for a
reasonable consideration, though somewhat higher than the price
they had received in the stable, kitchen, kennel, or for blackening
shoes and making wigs.
 I once went to see my friend and, as he was not at home, went to
his wife’s apartments. She had stepped down into the nursery. As I
am quite at home there, I went down into the nursery myself and
found her surrounded by her four children. The smallest boy started
crying; to pacify him, his mother made him beat the nurse with a
handkerchief. She pretended she was crying, while the mother kept
on repeating: “Beat her, my darling, beat well the stupid nurse! She
had no business annoying baby.” The child was trying to strike the
nurse hard; and the harder he struck her, she feigned weeping
harder, whereat the child smiled. A little while later, another child fell
down. The mother told it to spit on the floor and to kick the place
where it had stumbled. When I remarked that it was not good
education to allow the child to do that, she answered me: “My friend,
you are always philosophising. As if we had not been brought up in
the same way! Why should it be different with these babies?” Then I
heard the whining of a dog. I looked around and saw a third child
pinching a pup, while another child was frightening a canary bird by
striking with his hands against the cage: the poor little bird flitted
about distressed from one corner to another. I lost my patience, and
told their mother: “You are making tyrants of these children, if you do
not teach them to respect man and beast. I’ll tell your husband so!”
and I slammed the door as I went out.

FROM THE “DRONE”

RECIPE FOR HIS EXCELLENCY, MR. LACKSENSE

This nobleman suffers from a quotidian fever of boasting of his

family. He traces his family tree to the beginning of the universe, and
hates all those who cannot prove their aristocratic blood at least five
hundred years back, and loathes to speak with those whose nobility
is only a hundred years old or less. He shakes with fever the
moment somebody mentions burghers or peasants in his presence.
In opposition to the modern current appellation, he does not even
honour them with the name “low-born,” but in the fifty years of his
fruitless life he has not yet been able to find a proper term for them.
He does not travel to church nor in the streets, for fear of a dead
faint which would unavoidably fall upon him the moment he met an
ignoble man. Our patient complains hourly against fate for having
destined him to share the same air, sun and moon with the common
people. He wishes there were no other beings on the whole globe
but aristocrats, and that the common people should all be
annihilated. He had repeatedly handed in projects to that effect, and
they had been highly praised for the good and novel ideas contained
therein, though many rejected them, because the inventor
demanded three million roubles in advance in order to execute his
plans.
Our aristocrat hates and loathes all the sciences and arts, and
regards them as a disgrace for any noble gentleman. In his opinion a
blueblood can know everything without having learned it; but
philosophy, mathematics, physics and all the other sciences are
trifles that are below a nobleman’s attention. Books of heraldry and
letters patent that have just escaped the dust-pile and mould are the
only books which he continually reads by spelling out. Alexandrian
sheets, on which the names of his ancestors are written in circles,
are the only pictures with which his house is adorned. But to be
short; the trees by which he illustrates the descent of his family have
many a dry limb, but there is no more rotten twig upon them than he
himself is, and in all his family coats of arms there is not such a
beast as is his Excellency. However, Mr. Lacksense thinks differently
of himself, and worships himself as a great man in mind, and as a
small god in his nobility. To make the whole world believe the same
way, he tries to differ from all others, not by useful and glorious
deeds, but by magnificent houses, carriages and liveries, though he
spends on his foolishness all his income that ought to support him
ten years hence.
Recipe, to cure Mr. Lacksense of his fever.—It is necessary to
inoculate the sick man with a good dose of common sense and
philanthropy, in order to kill in him his empty superciliousness and
the lofty contempt for other people. Noble descent is, indeed, a great
privilege, but it will always be dishonoured if it is not fortified by
personal worth and noble services to your country. Meseems it is
more laudable to be a poor yeoman or burgher and a useful member
of society than a distinguished drone who is known only for his
stupidity, his house, carriages and liveries.

THE LAUGHING DEMOCRITOS

Bah! There is the miser in his rags and tags, who has all his life
been hoarding money and squandering his conscience; who is dying
from hunger and cold; who teaches his servants to eat to live, that is,
not more than is necessary to keep body and soul together; who is
known far and wide for his unlawful usury; who has imposed upon
himself and all his slave cattle a whole year’s fast; who in winter
heats his miserable hut only once a week; who is ready to sell
himself for a dime, and who has forty thousand roubles, in order to
leave them after his death to his stupid nephew, that seventeen-
year-old wretch who in miserliness and unscrupulous usury has
surpassed his uncle of sixty years; who steals money from himself
and takes a fine from himself for this theft; and who does not want to
get married all his life, only not to spend his income on his wife and
children. Oh, they deserve being laughed at. Ha, ha, ha!
Meseems I see his opposite. Of course, it is Spendthrift? Certainly.
Oh, that young man has not the vices of his father, but he is infested
by other vices, not less objectionable. His father hoarded money by
unlawful exactions, and he spends it recklessly. His miserly father
consumed in one month what he ought to have eaten in one day;
Spendthrift, on the contrary, devours in a day what he ought to eat
up in a year. The other walked in order not to spend money for the
feeding of the horses; this one keeps six carriages and six tandems,
not counting the saddle and sleigh horses, only that he may not get
tired of travelling all the time in one and the same carriage. The other
wore for twenty years the same miserable caftan; while to
Spendthrift twenty pairs a year seem too little. In short, his father
collected a great treasure through all illegal means, usury,
maltreatment of his kin, and ruin of the helpless; but Spendthrift ruins
himself and lavishes on others: they are both fools, and I laugh at
both. Ha, ha, ha, ha!
 Who is galloping there so swiftly? Bah! it is Simple. He is hurrying
to some aristocratic house, to show there his stupidity. Simple glories
in visiting distinguished people. He goes to see them as often as
possible and, to please them, makes a fool of himself, then boasts to
others of the influence he has there. He takes part in their
conversations and, though he knows nothing, thinks he is posing as
a wise man; he reads books, but he does not understand them; goes
to the theatre, criticises the actors and, repeating what he has heard
elsewhere, speaks authoritatively: this actor is good, that one is bad.
He tells distinguished people all kinds of jokes, and wants to be
cutting in his remarks, though he never adapts them to the occasion;
in short, Simple tries to convince himself that his acts are intelligent,
but others think that they are silly. Ha, ha, ha!
Hypocrite steps humbly out of church and distributes to the poor
that surround him a farthing each, and counts them off on his rosary.
As he walks along, he mumbles his prayers. He turns his eyes away
from women, and shades them with his hands, for he avers he would
take them out if they tempted him. Hypocrite sins every minute, but
he appears as a righteous man that walks over a path strewn with
thorns. His simulated prayers, piety and fasts in no way keep him
from ruining and oppressing his like. Hypocrite has stolen thousands,
and he gives them away by farthings. By such appearances he
deceives many. He hourly preaches the nine virtues to young
people, but in the sixty years of his life he has never carried out one
himself. Hypocrite always walks humbly and never turns his looks to
heaven, for he cannot hope to deceive those that abide there; but he
looks upon the earth whose inhabitants he cheats. Ha, ha, ha!

FROM “HELL’S POST”

LETTER FROM HALT TO LAME

Last evening I took a walk in the park where nearly the whole town
disports itself twice a week. I seated myself with a friend on a bench:
four men, all acquaintances of my friend, passed by us; one of them
was an ex-officer who had left the service, in order that he may not
serve the Tsar, that he may cheat the world and become rich through
illegal means. All the pettifoggers and the minor officials at the court
of justice, and all the large litigators are known to him. He hardly
ever goes out of the Land Office, and even in other places there
appears almost every day a complaint of his. All the doubtful villages
are his, and he frequently makes application for them, proving that
they once belonged to his ancestors. He has no end of genealogies
in his pocket, and upon request can prove his descent from any
family he pleases. He buys promissory notes at a great discount,
and gets the money from the creditor with all the interest due
thereupon. If anybody borrows money from him, he never asks more
than five kopeks from the rouble a month, and he deducts the
interest in advance.

FROM LAME TO HALT

A certain secretary of a government office in this town got himself

into trouble by taking bribes, but he very soon freed himself through
his cunning. Although many orders explicitly demand that no bribes
should be received by officers, yet they insist that it is superhuman to
receive nothing from complainants. Many people of that class,
however, do not submit to the common weakness of the office, and
live on their incomes and salaries, but they have always empty
pockets. Scribe S. is much richer than Secretary V. because the one
sells every step of his, while the other attends to the affairs under his
charge for nothing. Now many of these gentlemen have discovered a
secret of stealing in a diplomatic way, that is, they no longer take
bribes themselves, but send the complainant to their wives, who
receive them very graciously. If he is a merchant, she asks for some
stuffs or velvet for a dress. When the goods have been brought to
her house, she says to the merchant: “My friend, come again in a
few days, and I will pay you!” The merchant knows what that means
and, being in need of her husband, goes home and for ever bids
good-bye to the goods he has furnished. If the complainant is a
nobleman, the officer’s wife tells him that she has no servant-girl, or
boy, and that she is compelled to do all the work herself; and the
complainant, having of necessity learned this conventional language,
answers her as she wants to be answered. Thus, in the taking of
bribes there has been produced this change: formerly the husband
was dishonest, now his wife helps him. But there are some officials
who are even more cunning and who steal in an honourable manner.
They invite the complainant who has any dealing with them to dinner,
after which they sit down and play cards with him. When they lose,
they assume a very angry look, but when they win, they look
exceedingly satisfied: this language the complainants have soon
learned to understand. To please the host, they throw off trumps and,
losing to the host, say two hundred roubles or as much as the host
expects for the case in hand, receive the next day a favourable
decision for it. Even the merchants have become refined and
frequent the houses of officials to play cards with them.

FROM THE “PAINTER”

To My Son Falaléy:—
Is that the way you respect your father, an honourably discharged
captain of dragoons? Did I educate you, accursed one, that I should
in my old age be made through you a laughing-stock of the whole
town? I wrote you, wretch, in order to instruct you, and you had my
letter published. You fiend, you have ruined me, and it is enough to
make me insane! Has such a thing ever been heard, that children
should ridicule their parents? Do you know that I will order you to be
whipped with the knout, in strength of ukases, for disrespect to your
parents! God and the Tsar have given me this right, and I have
power over your life, which you seem to have forgotten. I think I have
told you more than once that if a father or mother kills a son, they are
guilty only of an offence against the church.[145] My son, stop in time!
Don’t play a bad trick upon yourself: it is not far to the Great Lent,
and I don’t mind fasting then. St. Petersburg is not beyond the hills,
and I can reach you by going there myself.
Well, my son, I forgive you for the last time, at your mother’s
request. If it were not for her, you would have heard of me ere this,
nor would I have paid attention to her now, if she were not sick unto
death. Only I tell you, look out: if you will be guilty once more of