BUELLA, LADYLYN S.

BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

LESSON 4: REPUBLIC ACT OF 9293:

QUESTIONS:
1. What amendments to RA 7836 were made by RA 9293 on the following:
-Number of units in professional education required of non-education graduates
-Registration of those engaged in teaching without examination
-Required rating for para-teachers

2. Other than para-teachers who else are entitled to a special permit?

3. What is required of teachers covered by Sec. 26 of RA 9293 who have not practiced
profession for the past five years?

4. Who can be issued a license without examination?

5. In what year was Republic Act 9293 implemented?

ANSWERS:
1. The amendments made by RA 9293 to RA 7836 are as follows:
-Number of units in professional education required of non-education graduates: RA
9293 reduced the required units from 18 to 12.
-Registration of those engaged in teaching without examination: RA 9293 allowed the
registration of individuals engaged in teaching without examination, provided they meet
certain criteria.
-Required rating for para-teachers: RA 9293 lowered the required rating for para-teachers
from 75% to 50%.
2. Other than para-teachers, individuals entitled to a special permit include foreign
students enrolled in a teacher education program, exchange teachers, and others as
determined by the Professional Regulatory Board for Professional Teachers.
3. Teachers covered by Sec. 26 of RA 9293 who have not practiced the profession for the
past five years are required to undergo a refresher course or earn additional units in
education as determined by the Board.
4. A license without examination can be issued to individuals who have obtained a degree
in education and have passed the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) in a foreign
country, subject to the conditions set by the Board.
5. Republic Act 9293, also known as the "Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of
2004," was implemented on August 27, 2004.

ANALYSIS:
As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Republic Act No. 9293 is not a known
or widely recognized piece of legislation. It's important to note that laws and regulations
can be enacted or amended after my last update, and I may not have information on more
recent developments.

To obtain accurate and up-to-date information about Republic Act No. 9293, I
recommend checking the latest legal databases, government websites, or consulting with
a legal professional or expert in the field of Philippine law. They can provide you with
the most current and accurate details about the specific provisions, purpose, and
implications of this legislation.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

LESSON 5: CODES OF ETHICS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS

QUESTIONS:

1. What is the primary purpose of a teacher's code of ethics?

2. How does a teacher's code of ethics guide professional conduct in the classroom?
3. What role does confidentiality play in the ethical responsibilities of a teacher?
4. Can you provide an example of a situation where a teacher might face an ethical
dilemma and how the code of ethics would guide their decision?
5. How do codes of ethics for professional teachers contribute to maintaining trust
between educators, students, and the community?

ANSWERS:
1. The primary purpose of a teacher's code of ethics is to establish standards for
professional behavior, ensuring integrity, fairness, and the well-being of students.
2. A teacher's code of ethics guides professional conduct in the classroom by setting clear
expectations, promoting fairness, and fostering a positive learning environment.
3. Confidentiality is crucial in a teacher's ethical responsibilities, safeguarding sensitive
student information and creating an environment of trust between educators, students,
and parents.
4. An ethical dilemma for a teacher may involve disclosing a student's personal struggles.
The code of ethics would guide them to balance confidentiality with the well-being of the
student, possibly involving appropriate support services.
5. Codes of ethics contribute to maintaining trust by promoting transparency,
accountability, and consistent ethical behavior, fostering a positive relationship between
educators, students, and the community.

ANALYSIS:
As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, the Code of Ethics for Professional
Teachers in the Philippines is outlined in Republic Act No. 7836, also known as the
"Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994." This law establishes the
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) and the Board for Professional Teachers to
regulate the practice of teaching in the country.

 The Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers serves as a guide for educators, setting
the standards for professional behavior and conduct. Here's a brief analysis of some
key aspects of the code:
 Commitment to the Teaching Profession: The code emphasizes the teacher's
commitment to the ideals of the teaching profession. This commitment includes the
pursuit of continuing professional development and the advancement of knowledge
in the field of education.
 Duties to Students: Teachers are expected to create a positive and conducive learning
environment. They must facilitate the holistic development of their students,
ensuring that their academic, social, and emotional needs are met.
 Integrity and Professionalism: The code underscores the importance of honesty and
integrity among teachers. It encourages teachers to maintain and uphold the highest
standards of personal and professional conduct. Responsibilities to the School and
 Community: Teachers are seen as integral parts of the school and community. They
are expected to contribute positively to both, fostering collaboration and partnerships
that benefit the students and the larger community.
 Compliance with Laws and Regulations: The code highlights the necessity for
teachers to comply with relevant laws and regulations governing the teaching
 profession. This includes adherence to curriculum guidelines and educational
policies.
 Social Responsibility: Teachers are urged to be socially aware and responsible. This
involves promoting social justice, equality, and environmental consciousness, and
instilling these values in their students.

Adherence to the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers is not only a legal requirement
but also a fundamental aspect of maintaining the integrity and effectiveness of the
education system. It reflects the commitment of educators to the well-being and
development of their students and the broader community. Keep in mind that specific
details or amendments to the code may have occurred after my last update in January
2022, so it's advisable to refer to the latest legal documents for the most accurate
information.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

1987 CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

QUESTIONS:
1. What is the Article 14 of the 1987 constitution of the Philippines about?
2. How does Article 14 address the language of instruction in schools?
3. Which specific provisions in Article 14 relate to the establishment of free public
education?
4. What provisions in Article 14 relate to the arts and culture?
5. How does Article 14 contribute to the development of sports in the Philippines?

ANSWERS:

1. Article 14 of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines is about the education system in
the country.
2. Article 14 addresses the language of instruction by recognizing Filipino as the medium
of instruction in schools and promoting the use of regional languages.
3. Specific provisions in Article 14 related to the establishment of free public education
include ensuring accessible quality education and providing subsidies to private schools.
4. Provisions in Article 14 related to the arts and culture emphasize the promotion of
cultural heritage, the protection of historical sites, and the support for arts and letters.
5. Article 14 contributes to the development of sports in the Philippines by recognizing
the State's role in promoting physical education and encouraging sports programs in
schools and communities.

ANALYSIS:
Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines pertains to
Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports. Here's a brief analysis of
key provisions within Article XIV:

 Educational Goals: The Constitution emphasizes the role of education in fostering

patriotism and nationalism, developing moral character, and promoting the
intellectual and vocational efficiency of the people. It underscores the duty of the
state to protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels.
 Academic Freedom: Article XIV recognizes the academic freedom of all institutions
of higher learning. This means that institutions such as universities and colleges have
the autonomy to determine their aims, establish their programs, and set admission
requirements.
 State Responsibility: The state is mandated to allocate the highest budgetary priority
to education. This underscores the importance of government support for educational
initiatives and institutions. The Constitution also specifies that the State shall take
appropriate steps to make quality education accessible to all and shall establish and
maintain a system of free public education in the elementary and high school levels.
 Language of Instruction: The Constitution recognizes Filipino as the national
language of the Philippines and English as an official language. It states that the
regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in their respective regions.
 Cultural Heritage: Article XIV acknowledges the importance of fostering the Filipino
cultural identity. It emphasizes the duty of the State to conserve, promote, and
popularize the nation's historical and cultural heritage.
 Arts and Culture: The Constitution directs the State to encourage the development of
Filipino arts and culture. This includes support for artists and cultural workers, as
well as the protection of tangible and intangible cultural heritage.
 Sports: The State is tasked with promoting physical education and sports programs,
fostering character, discipline, teamwork, and excellence among the people. It
encourages private-sector involvement in the development of sports.

The provisions in Article XIV reflect the constitutional principles that guide education
policies in the Philippines. They aim to ensure the accessibility, quality, and relevance of
education while promoting the preservation and enrichment of the country's cultural
heritage. The recognition of academic freedom and the state's responsibility in providing
education underscore the balance between autonomy and regulation within the
educational system.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

RA 9155:

QUESTIONS:
1. According to R.A. 9155, a school head has two roles, namely administrative manager
and ___.
2. Which is the ideal stage of moral development? Stage of ___.
3. According to R.A. 9155, which among the following is considered the "heart of the
formal education system"?
4. With R.A. 9155, to which body were all the functions, programs, and activities of the
Department of Education related to Sports competition transferred?
5. What is RA 9155 also known as?

ANSWERS:
1. According to R.A. 9155, a school head has two roles, namely administrative manager
and instructional leader.
2. The ideal stage of moral development is the stage of post-conventional morality.
3. According to R.A. 9155, the school is considered the "heart of the formal education
system."
4. With R.A. 9155, all functions, programs, and activities related to sports competition
were transferred to the Philippine Sports Commission.
5. RA 9155 is also known as the Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001.

ANALYSIS:
Republic Act No. 9155, also known as the "Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001,"
is a significant piece of legislation in the Philippines that aims to improve the quality of
basic education in the country. Here is a brief analysis of RA 9155:

 Decentralization of Authority: One of the key features of RA 9155 is the

decentralization of authority in the management of basic education. It devolves the
responsibility for the establishment and maintenance of complete, adequate, and
integrated systems of education to the local government units (LGUs).
 Role of Local School Boards: The law establishes Local School Boards to help in the
planning and implementation of educational policies at the local level. These boards,
composed of local officials and representatives, collaborate to address the specific
needs and challenges of their respective communities.
 Empowerment of School Heads and Teachers: RA 9155 emphasizes the importance
of empowering school heads and teachers in decision-making processes. It
encourages the involvement of these stakeholders in school governance, recognizing
their firsthand knowledge of the needs and conditions within their schools.
 Accountability and Transparency: The law promotes accountability and transparency
in the management of education resources. It requires the submission of school
improvement plans and financial reports, ensuring that schools and LGUs are
accountable for the funds allocated for education.
 Quality Education for All: RA 9155 underscores the goal of providing quality
education for all Filipino children. It advocates for inclusive and equitable access to
education, recognizing the diverse needs of learners and promoting programs that
address these needs.
 Strengthening School-Based Management: The law strengthens the concept of
School-Based Management (SBM), which involves delegating more authority to
schools for decision-making. This is seen as a strategy to enhance the efficiency and
effectiveness of educational institutions.
 Alignment with Education Reforms: RA 9155 aligns with broader education reforms
in the country, including efforts to enhance curriculum, teaching methods, and
 assessment systems. It aims to bring about positive changes in the Philippine
education system to meet global standards.
 Professional Development: The law recognizes the importance of professional
development for teachers and school administrators. It encourages the establishment
of mechanisms for continuous learning and improvement within the education sector.

RA 9155 represents a shift toward decentralized governance and increased community

involvement in the management of basic education. It reflects an effort to address the
specific needs of schools and communities while promoting accountability and
transparency in the education sector. The law is part of ongoing efforts to enhance the
quality of education in the Philippines.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

BATAS PAMBANSA:

QUESTIONS:
1. What is the main purpose of Batas Pambansa Bilang 232?
2. What changes did BP 232 bring to curriculum development?
3. What role does Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 play in educational administration?
4. How has Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 impacted the Philippine educational system
since its enactment?
5. What are the key components outlined in BP 232?

ANSWERS:
1. 'The main purpose of Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 is to establish and maintain an
integrated system of education in the Philippines.
2. BP 232 introduced decentralization in curriculum development, giving more
autonomy to schools and divisions to tailor educational programs to local needs.
3. Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 plays a significant role in educational administration by
emphasizing local autonomy, allowing for more effective and responsive management of
educational institutions.
4. Since its enactment, BP 232 has contributed to a more flexible and responsive
educational system, promoting local empowerment and adaptability to diverse
educational needs.
5. Key components outlined in BP 232 include decentralization of educational
management, increased local autonomy, and flexibility in curriculum development to
accommodate regional and local variations.

ANALYSIS:
Batas Pambansa refers to laws enacted under the authority of the Philippine President
during the period of martial law and the interim Batasang Pambansa (National Assembly)
from 1978 to 1986. Here is a brief analysis of Batas Pambansa:

 Origin and Context: The term "Batas Pambansa" translates to "National Law" in
English. These laws were enacted during a time when the Philippines was under
martial law, declared by then-President Ferdinand Marcos in 1972. The martial law
period lasted until 1981, and the National Assembly (Batasang Pambansa) served as
the legislative body during this time.
 Centralization of Power: The period of martial law was characterized by the
concentration of power in the executive branch, specifically in the person of the
President. The President issued decrees, and the Batasang Pambansa, which was
dominated by Marcos' political allies, ratified and enacted laws known as Batas
Pambansa.
 Expansion of Executive Authority: The Batas Pambansa laws often expanded the
authority of the executive branch. They were instrumental in implementing various
policies and programs initiated by the Marcos administration.
 Authoritarian Rule: The enactment of Batas Pambansa laws occurred within the
broader context of an authoritarian regime. Critics argue that these laws were used to
suppress dissent, control institutions, and consolidate power in the hands of the
ruling elite.
 Constitutional Changes: Batas Pambansa laws also included amendments to the 1973
Constitution, which was promulgated during the martial law period. These
amendments were often viewed as tools to legitimize and consolidate the political
power of the ruling government.
 Legacy and Repeal: Some Batas Pambansa laws have been repealed or amended
after the overthrow of the Marcos regime in 1986. The post-Marcos governments
 have revisited and revised some of these laws to align with democratic principles and
human rights standards.

It's important to note that opinions about Batas Pambansa laws can vary widely, with
supporters arguing that they were necessary for governance and development during a
challenging period, while critics point to issues of human rights abuses and authoritarian
rule. The analysis of Batas Pambansa should be considered within the historical and
political context of the martial law era in the Philippines.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

RA 7610:
QUESTIONS:
1. What is the main purpose of Republic Act No. 7610?
2. How does R.A. 7610 protect the rights of children in the Philippines?
3. Can you explain the key provisions of R.A. 7610 related to child abuse and
exploitation?
4. How does R.A. 7610 contribute to the promotion of the welfare of children in various
aspects of their lives?
5. In cases of child abuse, what legal actions and procedures does R.A. 7610 establish to
ensure justice and protection for the victims?

ANSWERS:
1. The main purpose of Republic Act No. 7610 is to protect the rights of children from
abuse, exploitation, and discrimination.
2. R.A. 7610 protects the rights of children in the Philippines by criminalizing child
abuse, exploitation, and neglect, and by promoting their welfare and development.
3. Key provisions of R.A. 7610 related to child abuse and exploitation include defining
various forms of abuse, establishing penalties for offenders, and outlining protective
measures for child victims.
4. R.A. 7610 contributes to the promotion of the welfare of children by addressing their
rights in areas such as education, health, and overall well-being, and by providing legal
mechanisms to ensure their protection.
5. In cases of child abuse, R.A. 7610 establishes legal actions and procedures by defining
offenses, specifying penalties, and outlining the role of law enforcement agencies and
courts in ensuring justice and protection for the victims.

ANALYSIS:

Republic Act 7610, also known as the "Special Protection of Children Against Abuse,
Exploitation, and Discrimination Act," is a Philippine law aimed at ensuring the welfare
and protection of children from various forms of abuse. Enacted on June 17, 1992, this
law reflects the Philippines' commitment to international conventions and agreements
that promote and protect children's rights. Here is a short analysis of RA 7610:

 Comprehensive Protection: RA 7610 provides a comprehensive framework for

protecting children from abuse, exploitation, and discrimination. It covers a wide
range of offenses, including child abuse, child exploitation, and situations that may
be detrimental to the child's development.
 Definition of Child Abuse: The law defines child abuse broadly to encompass
physical, sexual, and psychological abuse, as well as neglect, maltreatment, and
exploitation. This broad definition reflects a recognition that child abuse takes
various forms and may occur in different settings.
 Penalties and Accountability: RA 7610 imposes penalties for individuals found
guilty of committing offenses against children. These penalties are designed to deter
potential abusers and ensure accountability. The severity of the penalties reflects the
gravity of the offenses and the commitment to protecting children.
 Preventive Measures: The law emphasizes preventive measures, recognizing that
protecting children goes beyond legal consequences for offenders. It encourages the
implementation of programs and policies that address the root causes of abuse and
exploitation, with the goal of creating a safer environment for children.
 Collaboration and Coordination: RA 7610 promotes collaboration and coordination
among government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and other
stakeholders involved in child protection. This multi-sectoral approach recognizes
 that effective child protection requires the concerted efforts of various entities.
Special Courts: The law establishes special courts for cases involving offenses
against children to ensure that these cases are given priority and handled with
sensitivity. This reflects an understanding of the unique nature of child abuse cases
and the need for specialized attention.
 Reporting Mechanisms: RA 7610 encourages the reporting of child abuse cases and
provides mechanisms for reporting and intervention. This is crucial for timely
identification and resolution of cases, as well as for providing support to the victims.

RA 7610 is a significant legal framework in the Philippines aimed at safeguarding the

rights and well-being of children. It addresses various forms of abuse, establishes
penalties for offenders, promotes preventive measures, and emphasizes collaboration
among stakeholders to create a protective environment for children.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

RA 7877:

QUESTIONS:

1. How has the implementation of R.A 7877 evolved since its enactment in 1995, and
what notable changes or improvements have occurred over time?
2. In what ways does R.A 7877 intersect or align with other legal frameworks or
international conventions addressing sexual harassment and human rights?
3. How effective has R.A 7877 been in addressing sexual harassment beyond the
traditional workplace setting, such as in online environments or non-traditional work
arrangements?
4. What are the common challenges or obstacles faced in the effective enforcement of
R.A 7877, and what strategies or initiatives have been proposed or implemented to
overcome these hurdles?
5. How does R.A 7877 accommodate the needs and protection of marginalized or
vulnerable groups in the context of sexual harassment prevention and resolution?

ANSWERS:

1. The evolution of R.A 7877 since its enactment in 1995 has seen increased awareness,
amendments, and improved mechanisms for addressing sexual harassment, reflecting a
growing understanding of the issue and the need for more comprehensive protection.
2. R.A 7877 intersects with other legal frameworks and international conventions by
aligning with principles of gender equality and human rights, contributing to a broader
global effort to combat sexual harassment.
3. R.A 7877 faces challenges in addressing sexual harassment beyond traditional
workplaces, but its principles can be applied to online environments. However, adapting
to non-traditional work arrangements remains a work in progress.
4. Common challenges in enforcing R.A 7877 include underreporting, lack of awareness,
and delays in legal processes. Initiatives focus on education, awareness campaigns, and
streamlining procedures to enhance effectiveness.
5. R.A 7877 aims to protect marginalized or vulnerable groups by recognizing diverse
forms of harassment. Strategies include inclusive awareness programs and tailored
support mechanisms to address the specific needs of these groups.

ANALYSIS:

As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Republic Act 7877 pertains to the
"Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995" in the Philippines. However, please note that laws
can be amended or repealed, and it's advisable to check for any updates or changes to the
law since my last update. Analysis of Republic Act 7877:

 Scope and Definition: RA 7877 addresses the issue of sexual harassment in the
workplace, educational institutions, and training centers. It defines sexual harassment
broadly, encompassing unwanted sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and
other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature.
 Preventive Measures: The law emphasizes the importance of preventing sexual
harassment by requiring the formulation of policies and guidelines within workplaces
and institutions. Employers and heads of institutions are mandated to take steps to
prevent sexual harassment and provide mechanisms for reporting and addressing
complaints.
 Liability and Accountability: RA 7877 holds both employers or heads of institutions
and the perpetrators accountable for acts of sexual harassment. Employers are
 expected to create a work environment that prevents sexual harassment, and
individuals found guilty of sexual harassment may face penalties. Education and
 Awareness: The law encourages education and training programs to raise awareness
about sexual harassment, its consequences, and the rights and responsibilities of
individuals in preventing and addressing such behavior.
 Complaint Mechanisms: RA 7877 establishes procedures for the filing and resolution
of complaints related to sexual harassment. This includes the creation of a committee
tasked with investigating complaints and taking appropriate action.
 Confidentiality and Protection: The law recognizes the sensitivity of sexual
harassment cases and emphasizes the importance of confidentiality during the
investigation process. It also safeguards the victim against retaliation, ensuring that
individuals who file complaints are protected from adverse consequences.
 Penalties: RA 7877 imposes penalties for individuals found guilty of committing
sexual harassment. These penalties may include suspension, termination, or other
appropriate disciplinary actions, depending on the severity of the offense.

Republic Act 7877 is a crucial piece of legislation in the Philippines that addresses the
pervasive issue of sexual harassment. It not only defines sexual harassment but also
mandates preventive measures, establishes accountability, and provides mechanisms for
complaint resolution. The law aims to create a safer and more respectful environment in
workplaces and educational institutions.
BUELLA, LADYLYN S.
BTLED-2 ICT
MRS. ROSA FELICIANO PORTILLO

EXCERPTS FROM R.A 8980:

QUESTIONS:

1. What is R.A 8980 ?

2. What is the purpose of this Act ?
3. Who are the beneficiary of the EECD Act ?
4. What is the impact of ECCD law in our present educational system?
5. What is the role of the national government in the implementation of ECCD?

ANSWERS:

1. R.A. 8980 is the Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) Act of 2000.
2. The purpose of the ECCD Act is to ensure the holistic development of young children
through comprehensive programs that promote health, nutrition, early education, and
social services.
3. The beneficiaries of the ECCD Act are young children, typically from birth to six years
old, and their families.
4. The ECCD law has positively impacted the present educational system by emphasizing
the importance of early childhood development, laying the foundation for lifelong
learning, and enhancing the overall well-being of children.
5. The national government plays a crucial role in the implementation of ECCD by
providing policy direction, allocating resources, and coordinating efforts to ensure the
effective delivery of early childhood care and development services nationwide.

ANALYSIS:

As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Republic Act 8980 is known as the
"Early Childhood Care and Development Act." It focuses on the welfare and
development of young children in the Philippines. If you have specific excerpts or
sections from RA 8980 that you'd like analyzed, please provide those excerpts for a more
tailored response. However, I can offer a general analysis based on the typical content
found in such acts related to early childhood care and development:

 Comprehensive Approach: Early childhood care and development acts typically take
a comprehensive approach, addressing various aspects of a child's well-being,
including health, nutrition, education, and social development. This holistic approach
recognizes the interconnected nature of a child's development.
 Government Responsibility: These laws often outline the role of the government in
ensuring the provision of essential services for early childhood development. This
can include the establishment of programs, services, and facilities to support young
children and their families.
 Parental and Community Involvement: Acts related to early childhood development
usually emphasize the importance of involving parents, families, and communities in
the care and education of young children. Collaborative efforts are seen as essential
for optimal child development.
 Health and Nutrition: Ensuring the health and nutritional needs of young children is a
common focus. This may include provisions for healthcare services, immunization,
and nutritional programs to address the specific needs of children during their early
years.
 Educational Initiatives: Legislation in this area often supports early childhood
education, recognizing the importance of early learning experiences in a child's
cognitive and social development. It may outline strategies for improving the quality
 of early childhood education and expanding access to such programs. Monitoring
and
 Evaluation: Acts related to early childhood care and development typically include
provisions for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of programs and services.
This ensures that resources are used efficiently and that the intended outcomes for
children are achieved.

Remember, for a more accurate analysis, it would be helpful to have specific excerpts or
sections from RA 8980 that you would like to discuss further. Additionally, there may
have been amendments or updates to the law since my last knowledge update, so it's
advisable to check the most recent version for any changes.