Amani Vol 8

ËôµdG ¿BGô≤dG Ò°ùØJ
hnip≤ Izp¿B≥
hnhcWw
apl-ΩZv Aam\n auehn
hmeyw 8
{]km-[-I¿:
tIcf \ZvhØ
- p¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥ (dPn.)
hnjb hnhcw AÉ°ùædG IQƒ°S A²ymbw 4 A¶nkm-Dv
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VISHUDHA QUR’AN VIVARANAM

(Malayalam)
Vol: 8
Translation and Commentary:

Moulavi Muhammad Amani
Publishers:
Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen (Regd)
Mujahid Centre, CD Tower, Calicut - 673004, Kerala, India
Phone: +91495 2722801, 2722802, 2722805
Fax: +91495 2724262
e-mail: nadvath@gmail.com
Web: www.knm.org.in
XIVth Edition : 2015
Price : ` 500.00
All rights reserved
4758
{]kvXm-h\
a¿lqw apl-ΩZv Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS "hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ hnh-cWw'

]cn-jvI-cn® ]Xn-∏ns‚ 8˛mw hmey-amWv hmb-\-°m-cpsS Iøn¬. CXn¬
lZoZv apX¬ \mkv hsc-bp≈ kqd:I-fm-Wpƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv.
hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ hnh-c-W-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v ]WvUnX ]ma-c-hy-Xym-k-
an-√m-sX, I£n-t`-Z-as\y F√m-h-cn¬\n∂pw e`n® k¿∆ kzoIm-cyX A`q-
X-]q¿∆hpw Xpey-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. klr-Z-b-cmb Bbn-c-am-bncw A\p-
hm-N-I¿°v "tIcf \Zvh-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥' {]kn-≤o-I-cW hIp-∏ns‚
AssI-X-h-amb \µn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-tXm-sSm-∏w, F√m-h¿°pw Cu alZv
{KŸw aptJ\ hn⁄m-\hpw k≥am¿Khpw k¿∆-i-‡≥ \¬Ip-am-dm-Is´
F∂v Bflm¿∞-ambn {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
tImgn-t°mSv ˛ 4 tIcf \Zvh-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥

2015 Pq¨ 01 {]kn-≤o-I-cW hn`m-K-w
4759
ËôµdG ¿BGô≤dG Ò°ùØJ

hnip≤ Izp¿B≥ hnhcWw
hmeyw F´v
{][m\ hnj-b-ßƒ
57. kq: lZoZv (~j~◊G IQƒ°S)
hnP-b-Øn\v apºv Nne-h-gn-°p-Ibpw, bp≤w sNbvIbpw sNbvX-hcpw,
A√m-Ø-hcpw ka-a√ .......................................................................................... 4774
kzlm-_n-I-fpsS t{ijvTX ........................................................................................4776
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv
{]Im-i-Øn-∂-t]-£n-°p-∂Xv ............................................................................ 4778
"kn±oIzp'Ifpw "iplZm'°fpw ..................................................................................... 4785
kz¿Kw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-ƒ°v th≠n Xøm-dm-°-s∏-´XmWv ............................ 4789
kz¿K-Øns‚ hnim-eX ................................................................................................... 4789
`qan-bnepw a\p-jy-cn-ep-ap≈ F√m Imcy-ßfpw A√mlp aptº
IW-°m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p......................................................................................... 4791
thZ-°m¿ ]utcm-lnXyw sIń-bp-≠m-°n, AXv icn°v ]men-®n√ ................ 4797
hymJym-\-¡p-dn¸v "IzZzmIzZvÀ' (Q~≤dGh AÉ° ≤dG)..................................... 4806
Nne ]Z-ßfpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw ........................................................................................ 4810
"ain-ø-Øpw,' "Cdm-ZØpw' (IOGQ’Gh áÄ«°ûŸG) ..................................................................... 4815
Izp¿Bs‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ .................................................................................................... 4816
\_n-h-N-\-ß-fpsS sXfn-hp-Iƒ .................................................................................... 4828
\ntj-[n-I-fpsS \ymb-ßƒ ............................................................................................. 4833
Nne bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ......................................................................................................... 4841
{][m\ kwibw ................................................................................................................. 4843
A¿∞-h-Ømb Hcp kw`m-jWw ................................................................................ 4849
Camw Aiv-A-cnbpw Pp∫m-Cubpw XΩn¬ .............................................................. 4853
A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂ cl-ky-ßƒ.................................................... 4855
bp‡n-bpsS t]cn¬ ........................................................................................................... 4858
NqjWw sNøp-∂-hcpw sX‰n-≤-cn-®-hcpw ................................................................. 4860
4760
c≠v Btcm-]-W-ßƒ........................................................................................................ 4862
58. kq: apPm-Znex (∫OÉÛG IQƒ°S)
"fnlmdpw' (QÉ¡X) AXns‚ hn[nbpw ............................................................................ 4869
B¿˛ Fhn-sS-bpw˛ kzImcyw ]d-bp-tºmgpw
A√mlp IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw ......................................................................... 4873
blq-Zn-I-fpsS cl-ky-kw-km-chpw KqVm-tem-N-\bpw ........................................ 4875
cl-ky-kw-kmcw \√ Imcy-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww ...................................................... 4877
kZ- p-I-fn¬ BN-cn-t°≠ acym-Z-Iƒ .................................................................... 4879
A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Spw, dkq-en-t\mSpw InS-a¬kcw \SØp∂-h¿ ........................ 4888
Ah-tcmSv kvt\l-_‘w ]men-®p-IqSm .................................................................... 4889
A√m-lp-hns‚ I£n-bmWv hnP-bn-Iƒ .................................................................... 4890
59. kq: liv¿ (ô°û◊G IQƒ°S)
CuØ-∏\ apdn-®Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-aXn{]Im-c-amWv .............................. 4897
"ss^C's‚ Ah-Im-in-Iƒ ............................................................................................ 4899
˜
dkq¬ -Im-ń-Ø-∂-sX√mw kzoI-cn-°Ww, hntcm-[n-®-sX√mw
h¿÷n-°Ww .......................................................................................................... 4900
"aplm-Pndp'Ifpw, "A≥kzmcn'Ifpw "Xm_nD'Ifpw ............................................ 4905
ac-W-s∏-´-h¿°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-°¬ ...................................................................... 4909
kzlm-_n-Isf Ip‰w ]d-bp-∂-h¿ ................................................................................ 4910
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hoºn-f-°¬ ............................................................................... 4911
]nimNv BZyw D]-tZ-in-°pw, ]ns∂ Hgn-™p-amdpw .............................................. 4916
Ggv Imcy-ßƒ°v ap-ºmbn [rXn-Iq-´pI.................................................................... 4918
Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv h√ ]¿∆-X-Øn\pw Bbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ .................... 4919
A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-ßƒ .................................................................................................. 1920
60. kq: apwX-ln\x(áæëàªŸG IQƒ°S)
lmXzn_v (d)s‚ FgpØv ............................................................................................... 4924
C_vdmlow (A) ]nXm-hn\v ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-b-Xn¬ amXr-I-bn√ ........... 4927
bp≤-Øn\pw _ln-jvI-c-W-Øn\pw Hcp-°-ap-≈-h-tcmSv
kvt\l-_‘w ]mSn-√, A√m-Ø-h-tcmSv hntcm-[-hp-an√ ....................... 4932
kv{XoIƒ lnPvdx h∂m¬ Ahsc ]co-£n-t°-≠-Xp≠v ................................ 4933
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb kv{XoIsf hnhmlw sNøm≥ ]mSn√ ................................ 4936
`mcy-am¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn-te°v t]mbm¬ ............................................................... 4937
4761
kv{XoI-tfmSv "ss_AØv' ({]-Xn-⁄) hmß¬ ................................................. 4938
A√mlp tIm]n-®-h-tcmSv kvt\l-_‘w AcpXv ................................................. 4941
61. kq: kz^v^v(∞°üdG IQƒ°S)
{]h¿Øn-°m-ØXv ]d-bp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn\v hfsc shdp-∏mWv .................. 4943
bp≤-Ønepw \a-kvIm-c-Ønepw AWn-Iƒ hnS-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°Ww ................... 4945
˜
dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n -sb-°p-dn®v Cukm \_n (A)bpsS
kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø .................................................................................................... 4947
CtX kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Xudm-Ønepw C≥Po-enepw D≠v ............................... 4949
G‰hpw em`-I-c-amb I®-hSw ........................................................................................ 4953
Cukm \_n (A)-bpw, "lhmco'Ifpw ...................................................................... 4955
62. kq: PpapAx(á©ª÷G IQƒ°S)
˜
dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n sb \ntbm-Kn-®-Xns‚ Bh-iy-ßƒ ................................... 4957
Ahn-Sp∂v Ad-_n-Iƒ°v am{X-ap≈ dkq-e√ ........................................................ 4958
Xßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ an{X-ß-fm-sW∂ blq-Zn-I-fpsS
hmZw s]m≈-bmWv.................................................................................................. 4961
sh≈n-bmgvN _m¶v tI´m¬ hym]mcw \ndpØn
PpapAx°v kw_-‘n-°Ww ............................................................................... 4963
\_n ˜
"JpXzv_x' \S-Øp-tºmƒ I®-hS kwLw h∂-Xpw,
P\-ßƒ Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]m-bXpw .......................................................................... 4964
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v:˛
PpapAx \a-kvIm-chpw JpXzv-_bpw ........................................................................... 4967
63. kq: ap\m-^n-Izq≥(¿ƒ≤aÉæŸG IQƒ°S)
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS I]-S-hm-°p-Ifpw k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw ................................... 4981
ac-W-Øn-\p-apºv Zm\-[¿a-ßfpw k¬°¿aßfpw sNøm-Ø-]£w
ac-W-k-abw tJZn°pw........................................................................................ 4987
64. kq: XKm-_p≥(øHÉ©àdG IQƒ°S)
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p, ]p\-xcp-∞m-\-an-s√∂v ................................................. 4994
em`-\jvSw shfn-s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw GXmWv? ............................................................ 4995
`mcy-am-cnepw a°-fn-ep-ap≠v i{Xp-°ƒ ..................................................................... 4998
Ign-bp-∂{X A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°pI ................................................................ 5000
]nip-°n¬\n∂v c£n-°-s∏-´-h¿ hnP-bn-I-fmWv .................................................... 5001
A√m-lp-hn\v ISw-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ Cc-ń-I-fmbn h¿≤n°pw .................................. 5002
4762
65. kq: XzemIzv (¥Ó£dG IQƒ°S)

hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏´ kv{XoI-fpsS "C±x', ]m¿∏n-Sw,
Nnehv apX-em-bh .................................................................................................. 5005
"Xzem-Izpw,' aS°n FSp-°epw km£n-Iƒ apJm-¥-c-am-IWw ........................ 5011
A√mlp F√m-‰n\pw Hcp tXmXv sh®n-´p≠v............................................................ 5011
Izp¿Bs‚ {]Xn-]m-Z-\-coXn ............................................................................................ 5012
EXp-a-Xn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cp-sSbpw, `¿Ømhv ac-W-s∏-´-h-cp-sSbpw "C±x' ............. 5015
K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ°pw, ape-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h¿°pw Ign-hn-\-\p-k-cn®v
Nnehv sImSp-°Ww...........................................................................................5017
Imcy-ßƒ IqSnbmtem-Nn®v sNø-Ww, Ign-hn-\-∏pdw IS-a-bn√ ....................... 5017
A√m-lp-hns‚ Iev]\ [n°-cn® kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°v t\cn´
A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ ................................................................................................. 5020
Ggp-`q-an-Iƒ .......................................................................................................................... 5023
66. kq: Xlvcow (ËôëàdG IQƒ°S)
\_n ˜
ssk\_v (d)-bpsS hoń¬\n∂v tX≥ IpSn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n .................. 5028
DØ-a-amb Imcy-Øn\v FXn-cmbn kXyw sNbvXm¬ {]mb-›nØw
("I-^v^md-Øv') sImSpØv AXn¬\n∂v aS-ßWw ................................. 5029
˜
\_n -s°-Xnsc B¿ KqVm-tem-N\ \S-Øn-bmepw \_n bpsS ˜
`mKØv A√m-lphpw ae-°p-Ifpw kZvhrØ-cmb Bfp-Ifpw
D≠m-bn-cn-°pw .......................................................................................................... 5031
\ne-hn-ep≈ `mcy-amsc ]ncn-®p-hn-´m-epw, A√mlp \_n °v ˜
Ah-sc-°mƒ \√-hsc ]Icw sImSp-tØ°pw ......................................... 5032
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ c£m-am¿K-hpw-IqSn
Ku\n-t°-≠-Xp≠v ................................................................................................. 5033
\c-I-Øn¬ IØn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv a\p-jycpw I√p-am-Ip∂p .................................. 5035
\njvI-f-¶-amb ]›m-Ø-m]-Øns‚ t\´-ßƒ ....................................................... 5036
Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw kacw \S-ØpI ...................... 5038
Zp¿hr-Ø-I-fmb c≠v kv{XoI-fpsS˛ \qln (A)-s‚bpw
eqXzv (A)-s‚bpw `mcy-am-cpsS˛ DZm-l-cWw .............................................. 5039
kZvhrØ-I-fmb c≠v kv{XoI-fpsS˛ ^n¿-Hus‚ `mcy-bp-sSbpw
a¿b-ans‚ (A)bpw˛ amXr-I-Iƒ ................................................................... 5039
67. kq: ap¬Iv (∂∏ŸG IQƒ°S)
4763
Ggv BIm-i-ßƒ ............................................................................................................... 5045
68. kq: Izew (º∏≤dG IQƒ°S)
tXm´-°m-cpsS kw`hw ...................................................................................................... 5067
bq\pkv \_nbpsS IY ................................................................................................... 5078
69. kq: A¬lmIzvIzx (ábÉ◊G IQƒ°S)
he-¶-øn¬ {KŸw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ .......................................................................... 5086
CS-¶-øn¬ {KŸw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ ........................................................................... 5088
Izp¿-B≥ Ihn-hm-Iy-sam-∂p-a√ ..................................................................................... 5091
Izp¿-B≥ ssZh-h-N-\-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v sXfn-hp-Iƒ ......................................... 5093
CXn∂v Hcp bp‡n-hmZn \¬Ip∂ sXfnhv .............................................................. 5097
70. kq: aB-cnPv (êQÉ©ŸG IQƒ°S)
Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√sØ Hcp Znhkw ................................................................... 5103
a\p-jy≥ A£-a-\mWv ..................................................................................................... 5110
71. kq: \qlv (ìƒf IQƒ°S)
a\p-jy≥ kky-am-bn-cp-∂n-´pt≠m? .............................................................................. 5126
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS XpS°w ........................................................................................... 5135
72. kq: Pn∂v (ø÷G IQƒ°S)
Pn∂p-h¿Kw ............................................................................................................................. 5139
Ah¿ Izp¿B≥ tI´ kw`hw ...................................................................................... 5140
Ah¿°v BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v I´p-tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ct∏mƒ km[y-a√ ................ 5146
Pn∂p-I-fn¬ \√-hcpw NoØ-s∏-´-h-cp-ap≠v ............................................................... 5149
AZr-iy-hm¿Ø A√m-lp-hnt∂ Adn-bp-I-bp≈q..................................................5157
73. kq: ap -Ωn¬ (πeõŸG IQƒ°S)
Izp¿-B≥ "X¿Xoem'°n HmXWw ................................................................................ 5163
cm{Xn-bnse kp∂-Øv- \-a-kvImcw IqSp-X¬ ê-h-Øm-bXv ............................ 5166
cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ \n¿_-‘-Øn\v Cfhv \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p ............... 5172
\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ "^mØnlx' HmX¬ ......................................................................... 5176
74. kq: ap±Yv-Yn¿ (ôK~ŸG IQƒ°S)
Xm°o-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw .................................................................................................... 5181
heo-Zp_v\p apKodx ............................................................................................................. 5184
4764
Izp¿-B-s\-∏‰n Ahs‚ {]kvXm-h\........................................................................... 5187
\c-I-Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-°m¿ 19 t]cmWv .................................................................. 5189
\c-I-°m¿ F¥p-sIm≠v in£-°¿l-cmbn............................................................. 5196
75. kq: Iznbmax (áª«≤dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................... 5201
{]mW≥ sXm≠-°p-gn-bn-se-Øp-tºmƒ .................................................................... 5209
76. kq: C≥km≥ (¥QÉ£dG IQƒ°S)
k÷-\-ß-fpsS KpW-K-W-ßfpw {]Xn-^-e-ßfpw ................................................ 5218
A√mlp Dt±-in-°msX a\p-jy≥ Dt±-in-°-bn√ .................................................. 5229
77. kq: ap¿k-emØv (äÓ°SôŸG IQƒ°S) ........................................................... 5231
78. kq: \_-Dv (ÉC ÑædG IQƒ°S) .......................................................................... 5245
79. kq: \mkn-BØv (äÉYRÉædG IQƒ°S) ......................................................... 5257
80. kq: A_k (¢ùÑY IQƒ°S) ....................................................................... 5271
81. kq: XIvho¿ (ôjƒµàdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................... 5283
82. kq: C≥^n-Xzm¿ (QÉ£Øf’G IQƒ°S) ........................................................... 5293
83. kq: apXz-^v^nô≥ (ÚØØ£ª∏dG IQƒ°S) ................................................... 5299
84. kq: C≥in-IzmIzv (¥É≤°ûf’G IQƒ°S) ........................................................ 5309
85. kq: _pdqPv (êhÈdG IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5317
86. kq: XzmcnIzv (¥QÉ£dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5325
87. kq: AAvem (≈∏Y’G IQƒ°S) .................................................................... 5329
88. kq: Kminbx (á«°TÉ¨dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5335
89. kq: ^Pv¿ (ôéØdG IQƒ°S) ........................................................................ 5343
90. kq: _eZv (~∏ÑdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................................. 5355
91. kq: iwkv (¢ùª°ûdG IQƒ°S) ............................................................................... 5363
92. kq: sse¬ (π«∏dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................................ 5367
93. kq: Zzplm (≈ë° dG IQƒ°S) ..................................................................... 5373
4765
94. kq: C≥in-dmlv (ìGô°ûf’G IQƒ°S) ................................................................ 5379
95. kq: Xo≥ (ÚàdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................................... 5385
96. kq: AeIzv (≥∏©dG IQƒ°S) ....................................................................... 5388
97. kq: IzZv¿ (Q~≤dG IQƒ°S) ......................................................................... 5397

ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ ................................................................................. 5401
98. kq: _øn\x (áæ«ÑdG IQƒ°S) ........................................................................... 5406
99. kq: kn¬km¬ (∫GõdõdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................... 5411
100. kq: BZn-bmØv (äÉjOÉ©dG IQƒ°S) .......................................................... 5414
101. kq: IzmcnAx (áYQÉ≤dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................ 5419
102. kq: XIm-Yp¿ (ôKÉµàdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................ 5422
103. kq: A¬-Akzv¿ (ô°ü©dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5426
104. kq: lpakx (Iõª¡dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................... 5431
105. kq: ô¬ (π«ØdG IQƒ°S) ............................................................................... 5434
106. kq: Izpssdiv (¢ûjôb IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5443
107. kq: amDu≥ (¿ƒYÉŸG IQƒ°S) ......................................................................... 5445
108. kq: IuY¿ (ôKƒµdG IQƒ°S) ........................................................................... 5449
109. kq: Im^n-dq≥ (¿hôaÉµdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................. 5452
110. kq: \kzv¿ (ô°üædG IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5456
111. kq: el_v (Ö¡dG IQƒ°S) ..................................................................... 5461
112. kq: CJvemkzv (¢UÓN’G IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5465
113. kq: êIzv (≥∏ØdG IQƒ°S) .............................................................................. 5469
114. kq: \mkv (¢SÉædG IQƒ°S) .............................................................................. 5478
4766
`mKw 27 ~j~◊G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 57 A¬ l-ZoZv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
~j~◊G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
57. kqdXp¬ lZoZv

aZo\x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 29 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv) 4
˜
\_n Dd-ßp-∂-Xn-\vap-ºmbn "apk-∫n-lmØv' (Cu kqd-Øn-ep-
≈-Xp-t]mse "Xkv_oln's‚ hm°p-IƒsIm≠v Bcw-`n-°p∂ kqd-Øp-Iƒ)
HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, (th-sd) Bbncw Bb-Øp-I-sf-°mƒ t{ijvT-
amb Hcp BbØv Ah-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂pw Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-Ib - p-≠mbn
F∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. (Xn; Zm; \.) Cu lZo-Yn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-
s∏´ hN\w Cu kqd-Ønse aq∂mw hN-\-am-sW-∂mWv C_v\p IYo¿ (d)
apX-em-b-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-bw. kq: livdns‚ Ah-km-\-`m-K-am-sW∂pw A`n-
{]m-b-ap≠v. A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-am-lm-fly-ßsf Ipdn-°p∂ D¬IrjvS \ma-
ß-fn¬ NneXv B hN-\-ß-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≈-XmWv AXn\v Imc-Ww.
º∏YCG ¬∏dG
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw, Icp-
Wm-\n-[n-bpamb A√m-lp-hns‚
\ma-Øn¬.
! 1! BIm- i - ß - f nepw
`qan-bn-ep-ap-≈h(sb-√mw) A√m-
lp-hn\v "Xkv_olp' [kvtXm{X-
Io¿Ø\w] sNøp- ∂ p. AKm- [ -
⁄\mb {]Xm- ] - i m- e n- b s{X
Ah≥.
!2! BIm-i-ß-fp-sS-bpw,
`qan-bp-sSbpw cmPm-[n-]Xyw Ah-
∂m-Ip∂p; Ah≥ Pohn-∏n-°p-I-
bpw, acn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p;
Ah≥, F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-
hp-≈-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
4767
!1! Xkv_olv (kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø-\w) sNøp-∂p, sNbvXn-cn-

°p∂p A√m-lp-hn\v BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bnepw
Ah≥, Ah-\s{X {]Xm-]-imen AKm-[-PvR-\m-b, bp‡n-
am≥ !2! Ah-∂mWv, Ah-s‚-XmWv BIm-i-ßfpsS cmPXzw
(B-[n-]-Xyw) `qan-bp-sSbpw Ah≥ Pohn-∏n-°p∂p acn-∏n-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p Ah≥(B-Ip∂pXm\pw) F√m Imcy-
Øn\pw, hkvXp-hn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h\pw
hm°p-sImt≠m {]hr-Øn-sIm-t≠m, a\x-]q¿∆tam krjvSn-k-l-P-

amb \ne-t°m, _p≤n-h¿K-ß-fn¬ \nt∂m A√m-Ø-h-bn¬\n-t∂m, Poh-h-
kvXp-°-fn¬\nt∂m A√m-Ø-h-bn¬\n-t∂m˛ GXv Xc-Øn-em-bm-epw th≠-
Xn-√˛ {kjvSm-hns‚ al-Xz-ßsf {]Io¿Ø\w sNøpI F∂ kmam-\ym¿∞-
Øn-emWv ChnsS "Xkv_olv'(kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø-\w) D]-tbm-K-n-°s∏ńcn-°p-
∂-Xv. GsXmcp hkvXp FSp-Ømepw icn AXv AXn-s‚-Xmb "Xkv_olv'
\S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°m-sX-bn-√. ]t£, AX-Xns‚ Xkv_olv F¥m-Wv, Fß-
s\-bmWv F∂v kq£va-ambn \n¿∆-Nn-°p-hm≥ \ap°v km[y-a-√. AsX, .
AGô°SE’G-ºo¡ë
n «pÑ°r ùnJ ¿n ƒo¡≤n Ør Jn ’
n øpµdn hn √p ~p ªr ë
n Hp í
o Ñu °n ùoj ’
s GE Å
m «r °n T ø
r ep ¿EGh
(G-sXmcp hkvXphpw Xs∂ Ahs\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v Xkv_olv

sNøm-Ø-Xm-bn-ń-√. ]t£, Ah-cpsS Xkv_olv \nßƒ {Kln-°p-I-bn-√.
(kq: Ckvdm-Dv 44.) AJne hkvXp-°-fpw˛ Hcp hn[-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp
hn[-Øn¬˛ Fßs\ Ah\v Xkv_olv \S-Øm-Xn-cn°pw?! Adn-t™m, Adn-
bm-sXtbm Ahs‚ \ma-ßsf hmgvØm-sX-bpw, Ahs‚ ]cn-ip-≤nsb
{]Io¿Ø\w sNøm-sXbpw Ccn-°p-hm≥ Fßs\ km[n°pw? C√, km[n-
°-bn-√. Imc-Ww, XpS¿∂p≈ 3 ˛ 6 hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂-Xm-
Wv.
!3! Ah≥ BZy-\m-bp-

≈-h-\pw, A¥y-\m-bp-≈-h-\pw,
{]Xy-£-\m-bp-≈-h-\pw, ]tcm-£-
\m-bp-≈-h-\p-a-s{X. Ah≥ F√m-
h- k vXpsh (A- Y hm Imcy-
sØ)°pdn®pw Adn-hp-≈-h-\p-am-
Ip-∂p.
4768
!3! Ah≥, Ah-\s{X BZy-\m-Ip-∂p, H∂m-a-sØ-h≥
A¥y\pw {]Xy-£-\pw, kv]jvS-am-b-h-\pw, shfn-s∏-´-h\pw
]tcm-£-am-b-h-\pw, ad-™-h-\pw, B¥-c-Øn-ep-≈-h\pw Ah≥
F√m ImcysØ (h-kvXp-sh)-°p-dn®pw Adn-hp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p
Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp∂ Hmtcm \ma-Øn-s‚bpw A¿∞-hym-]vXn-
bn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ Bi-b-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂-]£w AXv hfsc
Zo¿Ln-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Dd-ßp-hm≥ t]mIp-tºmƒ \_n ˜ {]m¿∞n-°m-
dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xpw, F√m-hcpw {]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-
Xp-amb Hcp {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ \n∂v Ah-bpsS kw£n]vX kmcw a\- n-em-
°m-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. {]kvXpX "ZpB' CXmWv:
(kmcw: "A√m-lpth, BIm-i-ß-fpsS dt∫, `qan-bpsS dt∫, al-

Ømb "A¿in's‚ dt∫, Rß-fp-sSbpw F√m hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw dt∫,
[m\yhpw Ipcphpw (A-≠n-bpw) ]nf¿Øn apf-∏n-°p-∂-h-t\, XudmØpw
C≥Poepw ^p¿Izm\pw (Izp¿-B-\pw) Cd-°n-b-h-t\, tZmj-ap-≠m-°p∂ F√m-
‰ns‚ tZmj-Øn¬\n∂pw Rm≥ \nt∂mSv c£ tXSp-∂p. Ah-sb√mw \ns‚
]nSp-Ø-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv'.)"A√m-lp-th, \obs{X BZy-\m-bp-≈-h≥, At∏mƒ
\n\-°p-apºv H∂pw-X-s∂-bn-√. \obs{X A¥y-\m-bp-≈-h≥, At∏mƒ \n\-
°p-tijw H∂pw-X-s∂-bn-√. \obs{X {]Xy-£-\m-bp-≈-h≥ At∏mƒ \ns‚
aosX H∂pw-X-s∂-bn-√. \obs{X ]tcm-£-\m-bp-≈-h≥. At∏mƒ \ns‚ ASn-
bn-embn H∂pw-X-s∂-bn-√. \o Rßƒ°v ISw hoń-Ø-cp-I-bpw, Zmcn-{Zy-
Øn¬\n∂v Rßƒ°v [\yX \¬Ip-Ibpw sNtø-Wta'! (A; ap; Xn; _.)
Cu ZpB-bpsS A¥y-`mKw ChnsS {]tXyIw {i≤n-°p-I.
"\ns‚ aosX Bcp-an√' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw: \ns∂ AXn-

P-bn-°p-∂-h-t\m, \ns∂-°mƒ ZrjvSm-¥s∏´h-t\m, \ns∂-°mƒ D∂-Xt\m
Bbn H∂p-an√ F∂pw, "\ns‚ ASn-bn-embn H∂pan√' F∂-Xns‚ Xm¬]-
cyw, \o Adn-bm-Ø-Xm-tbm, \ns‚ \nb-a-Øn\pw \nb-{¥-W-Øn\pw hnt[-b-
a-√m-Ø-Xmtbm H∂p-an√ F∂p-am-Ip-∂p. ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒsIm-≠pw, {]h¿Ø-
\-ßƒsIm≠pw A√mlp {]Xy-£\pw kv]jvS-am-b-h-\p-am-Wv. ]t£, Cu
_mly-Zr-jvSn-sIm≠v Ahs\ Is≠-Øp-hm-t\m, Cu _p≤n-sIm≠v Ahs\
4769
cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hmt\m km[y-a-√m-Ø-hÆw Ah≥ ]tcm-£\pw Akv]-jvS\pw
Xs∂. Ò°üÑdG ™«ª°ùdG ƒgh A»°T ¬∏ãªc ¢ù«d (A-hs\t∏mse H∂pw Xs∂-bn-√. Ah≥
(F-√mw) tI´-dn-bp-∂-h\pw I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.)
!4!Ah-\-s{X, BIm-i-
ß-sfbpw `qan-sbbpw Bdp-Zn-h-k-
ß-fn-embn krjvSn-®-h≥; ]n∂oSv
Ah≥ "A¿in'¬ [knwlm-k-\-
Øn¬] Btcm-lWw sNbvXp.
`qan-bn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sp-∂-
Xpw, AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-
∂-Xpw, BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-ßp-
∂-Xpw, AXn¬ Ib-dn-s®-√p-∂Xpw,
(F- √ mw) Ah≥ Adn- b p- ∂ p.
\nßƒ Fhn- s S- b m- b n- c n- ° - s ´,
Ah≥ \nß- f psS IqsS- b p- ≠ v .
A√mlp, \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-
Xn-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
!5! BIm-i-ß-fp-sSbpw
`qan-bp-sSbpw cmPm-[n-]Xyw Ah-
∂m- I p- ∂ p. A√m- l p- h n- ¶ - t e- ° p-
Xs∂ Imcy-ßƒ aS-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
!6! cm{Xnsb Ah≥ ]I-
en¬ IS-Øn-°q-´p∂p; ]I-ens\
cm{Xn- b nepw IS- Ø n- ° q- ´ p∂p;
Ah≥, lrZ-bß - f- n-ep-≈X
- n-s\-∏‰n
Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
!4! Ah-\s{X bmsXm-cp-h≥ BIm-i-ßsf

krjvSn® `qan-sbbpw Bdp Znh-k-ß-fn¬ ]ns∂
Ah≥ icn-s∏-´p, Btcm-lWw sNbvXp A¿in≥ta¬
4770
Ah≥ Adn-bpw, Adn-bp∂p IS-°p∂ ({]-th-in-°p-∂)Xv
`qan-bn¬ ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw AXn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-
∂Xpw BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v AXn¬ Ib-dp-∂Xpw Ah≥
\nß-fpsS IqsS (H-∏w) D≠v \nßƒ FhnsS Bbn-cp-∂mepw
A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-
\mWv !5! Ah-∂m-Ip∂p BIm-i-ß-fpsS cmP-Xzw, B[n-
]Xyw `qan-bp-sSbpw A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v Xs∂ aS-°-s∏-
Spw, aS-°-s∏-Sp∂p Imcy-ßƒ !6! Ah≥ IS-Øp-∂p, {]th-in-∏n-
°p∂p cm{Xnsb ]I-en¬ ]I-en-s\bpw {]th-in-∏n-
°p∂p cm{Xn-bn¬ Ah≥ Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv
s\™p (lr-Z-bw) Ifn-ep-ap-≈-Xns\
BIm-i-`q-an-Isf Bdp-Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬ krjvSn-®p-sh-∂-Xn-s‚-bpw,
A√mlp "A¿in'¬ Btcm-lWw sNbvXp-sh-∂-Xn-s‚bpw Dt±-iy-ß-sf-°p-
dn®pw a‰pw kq: kPZx 4, 5 apX-emb hN-\-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-Øn-embn H∂n-
e-[nIw {]mhiyw \mw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. `qan-bnepw BIm-i-Ønepw {]th-
in-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bpw, Ah-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xn-s\bpw kw_-‘n®v kq:
k_- D v 2 s‚ hymJym- \ - Ø nepw hnh- c n- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v . ta¬ Nq≠n- ° m- W n®
bmYm¿∞y-ßsf apJ-hp-c-bmbn D≤-cn-®-tijw A√mlp a\p-jysc A`n-ap-
Jo-I-cn®p ]d-bp∂p:
!7! (a-\p-jy-tc) \nßƒ
A√m- l p- h n- e pw, Ahs‚ dkq-
enepw hniz-kn-°p-hn≥; \nßsf
Ah≥ GsXm-∂n¬ {]mXn-\n[yw
\¬I- s ∏- ´ - h - c m°n sh®n- c n- ° p-
∂pthm AXn¬\n∂v \nßƒ Nne-
h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥.
F∂m¬, \nß-
fn¬\n∂v bmsXm-cp-h¿ hniz-kn-
°p- I - b pw, Nne- h - g n- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXpthm Ah¿°v hep-Xmb
{]Xn-^-e-ap-≠v.
!7! \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hn≥ Ahs‚
dkq-enepw \nßƒ Nne-h-gn-°bpw sNøpI \nßsf Ah≥
4771
B°n-b-Xn¬\n∂v {]mXn-\n[yw \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ ({]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ)
AXn¬ F∂m¬ (Im-c-Ww) hniz-kn-®-h¿ \nß-fn¬\n∂v
Nne-h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Ah¿°p≠v henb {]Xn-êw
"\nßsf {]mXn-\n[yw \¬I-s∏-´-h-cm-°n-b-Xn¬ \n∂v' F∂v ]d™
hm°v hfsc {i≤m¿l-am-Ip-∂p. kzØpw, kº-Øp-sa√mw A√m-lp-hn-s‚-Xm-
Wv. Ahs‚ krjvSn, Ah≥ \¬In-b-Xv. a\p-jy≥ P\n°pw apºp-Xs∂ Ah≥
AXn-hnsS Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ h¿≤-\hpw Ipdhpw hcp-Øp-∂Xpw
Ah≥ Xs∂. AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\pw, ssIImcyw \S-Øp-hm\pw Ah≥ a\p-
jys\ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. AXm-cp-sSbpw IpØ-I-tbm, krjvSntbm A√.
Hcn-°¬ Hcp Iq´-cpsS ssIh-i-am-sW-¶n¬, Ah-cpsS tijw as‰mcp Iq´¿
X¬ÿm-\Øv hcp-∂p. ]n∂oSv thsdm-cp-Iq-´¿ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p. AYhm
a\p-jy≥ AXns\ Dugw-sh®v D]-tbm-Kn-®p-h-cp∂p F∂v am{Xw. Cß-s\-bp≈
hkvXp-°-fmWv B hm°p-I-fn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n-cn-s°, ssIh-
i-apff [\-Øn¬ \n∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ Nne-hm-°p-hm≥ aSn-t°-≠-
Xn-√, aSn°p-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-hp-an-√. AtX ka-bØv kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-
∂-tXm-sSm∏w [\w \√ am¿K-Øn¬ Nne-hm-°p∂ ]£w A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v
hºn® {]Xn-êw Ah≥ hmKvZm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
a\p-jy≥ F{X [\n-I-\m-bn-cp-∂mepw AXn¬ \n∂v bYm¿∞-Øn¬

˛i-cn-bmb A¿∞-{]-Imcw˛ Ah≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Afhv F{X-am-{X-am-sW∂v
Btem-Nn®p t\m°n-bm¬, AXv hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂v ImWmw. _m°n-sb-
√mw˛ Ah≥ Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn \in-∏n-°m-Ø-]-£w˛ A\y¿°v \ncp-]m-[nIw
hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-Wv. Ah≥ [\-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ DS-a-ÿ-
\√ F∂p-≈-Xn\v CXp-Xs∂ sXfn-hm-W-t√m. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜C{]-Imcw
Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p∂p: "BZ-ans‚ aI≥˛ a\p-jy≥˛ ]d-bp∂p: Fs‚ [\w
Fs‚ [\w F∂v! (a-\p-jym) \ns‚ [\-Øn¬ \n∂pw \o Xn∂p Xo¿Ø-tXm,
\o DSpØp \in-∏n-®tXm As√-¶n¬ \o [¿aw sImSpØp \S-∏n-em-°n-btXm
A√msX \n\°v h√Xpw Dt≠m?! AX-√m-Øs - X√mw Xs∂, t]mbn-°f
- b
- p-∂Xpw
\o P\-ßƒ°v hnt´®v t]mIp-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p' (ap.)
!8! \nßƒs°-¥m-Wv˛
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-
°p- ∂ n√?! dkq- e m- I - s ´, \nß-
fpsS c£n-Xm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-
hm-\mbn \nßsf £Wn-®p-sIm-
≠p-an-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ [A√mlp]
\nß-fpsS Dd∏v (A-Yhm Icm¿)
4772
hmßn-bn-´p-ap-≠v. \nßƒ hniz-kn-
°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬...........!
!8! \nßƒ°v F¥mWv (F-¥p-]-‰n) \nßƒ hniz-

kn-°p-∂n√ A√m-lp-hn¬ dkq-em-Is´ \nßsf £Wn(-
hn-fn)-°p∂p \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ \nß-fpsS d∫n¬
Ah≥ hmßp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≠v \nß-fpsS Dd∏v (I-cm-dv, DS-ºSn)
\nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿
\nßƒ hniz- k n- ° p- h m≥ th≠p∂ Zrjv S m- ¥ - ß ƒ ]eXpw

\nßƒ°p-≠v. AXn\v ]pdsa dkq¬ \nßsf AXn\v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-an-
cn-°p-∂p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn \nßƒ kzbw Xs∂ {]Xn-PvRm-_-≤-cp-am-Wv.
CsXms° D≠m-bn´pw \nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn¬ \nßƒ F¥p-sIm≠v hniz-
kn-°p-∂n√?! F∂v kmcw. Ah≥ \nß-fpsS Dd-∏p-hmßn (ºµbÉã«e òNCG ~bh) F∂v
]d-™-Xn\v c≠v {]Im-c-Øn¬ hnh£ \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.
(1) A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-Xz-sØ-bpw, al¬ KpW-ßs

- fbpw ÿm]n-
°p-Ibpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-
Øp-Ibpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ah a\pjy_p≤nsb \n¿_-‘n-°p-
Ibpw sNøp- ∂ p. At∏mƒ, "\nßƒ hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ - h - c m- s W- ¶ n¬'
(ÚæeDƒe ºàæc ¿G) F∂ hm°ns‚ Xm¬]cyw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fnepw ImcyIm-c-W-ß-
fnepw \nßƒ°v hnizm-k-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-
cn-°p-hm≥ \n¿∆m-l-an√ F∂m-bn-cn-°mw.
(2) Bflo-b-tem-I-Øp-sh®v A√mlp a\p-jy-tcmSv: "Rm≥ \nß-

fpsS d∫- √ tbm?' F∂v tNmZn- ® - X mbpw, "AsX, Rßƒ km£yw
hln®ncn°p∂p' (Éf~¡°T ≈∏H) F∂v Ah¿ adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xmbpw A√mlp kq:
AAvdm^v 172 ¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. B kw`-h-amWv ChnsS Icm-dp-sIm-
≠p-t±-iyw. Cu Icm¿ a\p-jy¿°v C∂v Hm¿a-bn-√t√m F∂v ]d-t™-°mw.
AXn- \ p≈ adp- ] - S n- b m- b n- c n°pw "\nßƒ hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ - h - c m- s W- ¶ n¬'
(ÚæeDƒe ºàæc ¿G) F∂ hm°v. \nß-fpsS kIe Imcy-ßfpw Adn-bp∂ Rm≥ B
Icmdv \nßsf CXm Hm¿a-s∏SpØp-∂p, \nßƒ°v AXv hniz-kn-°m-sa-¶n¬
hniz-kn-®p-sIm-≈pI F∂v Kuc-h-s∏´ Hcp Xm°o-Xm-bn-cn°pw At∏mƒ B
˜
hm°n¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I. º∏YCG ¬∏dG dkq¬ \nßsf £Wn-°p-∂Xvkz¥w
CjvS{- ]-Im-ca
- √
- , A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\{- ]-Im-ca
- m-sW∂v ASpØ hN-\Ø
- n¬
DW¿Øp∂p:˛
4773
!9!Ah-\s{X, Xs‚ ASn-bm-s‚-
ta¬ kphy- ‡ - ß - f mb ]e e£y-
ßfpw Cd-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-h≥; \nß
sf A‘-Im-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v At±lw
{]Im-i-Øn-te°v shfn°v hcpØp
hm≥th-≠n. \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp
\nß-fn¬ hfsc Ir]-bp-≈h - \
- pw, Icp-
W-bp-≈-h\pw Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.
9! Ah-\s{X Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ Xs‚ ASn-
bms‚ ta¬ ]e e£y-ß-sf, ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf hy‡-ß-fmb
At±lw \nßsf shfn°p (]p-d-Øp) sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ A‘-Im-c-
ß-fn¬ (C-cp-ń¬)-\n∂v {]Im-i-Øn-te°v \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp
\nß-fn¬ hfsc Ir](-I-\n-hv) D≈-h≥Xs∂ Icp-W-bp-≈-h-\pw,
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-ambh\pw
7 ˛mw hN-\Ø - n¬ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-I, [\w Nne-hg
- n-°pI F∂o
c≠v Imcy-ß-fn-te°v A√mlp a\p-jysc £Wn-®p. Cu c≠pw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-
h¿°v hºn® {]Xn-êw hmKvZm\w sNbvIbpw sNbvXp. 8, 9 hN-\-ß-fn¬, \nßƒ
F¥p-sIm≠v hniz-kn-°p-∂n√ F∂v tNmZn-°p-I-bpw, XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v hnizmkw
kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂v ÿm]n-°p-am-dp≈ Imc-W-ßfpw \ymb-
ßfpw hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw D≠m-bn. ASp-Ø-h-N-\-Øn¬ c≠m-asØ hnj-b-amb [\w
Nne-h-gn-°-ens\ kw_-‘n®pw AtX-{]-Imcw tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v AXns‚ Bh-iy-
IX hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
!10!A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ Nne- h - g n- ° m- X n- c n- ° p- h m≥
\nßƒs°-¥mWv? BIm-i-ß-fp-sS-
bpw, `qan-bp-sSbpw A\-¥c - m-hI- miw
A√m- l p- h n- \ m- I p∂p (F- ∂ n-
´pw)!.\nß-fn¬\n∂v hnP-b-Øn-\p-
apºv Nne-h-gn-°p-Ibpw bp≤w sNøp-
Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ (A-√m-Ø-h-tcm-Sv),
ka-am-bn-cn-°b - n√; A°q-´¿, ]n∂oSv
Nne-hg- n-°p-Ibpw bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw
sNbvX-h-sc-°mƒ hºn® ]Z-hn-bp-
≈-h-cm-Ip-∂p.
4774
F√m- h - t cmSpw Xs∂,
A√mlp G‰hpw \√Xv [\√ {]Xn-
êw] hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p;
A√m-lp, \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-
s\-∏‰n kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-
am-Wv.
!10! \nßƒs°-¥mWv \nßƒ Nne-h-gn-°m-Xn-cn-
°p-hm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-\mWv
A\-¥-cm-h-Imiw BIm-i-ß-fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw
ka-am-Ip-I-bn√ \nß-fn¬\n∂v Nne-h-gn-®-h¿ hnP-
b-Øn-\a
v- pºv bp≤w sNbvIbpw sNbvX A°q-´¿ G‰hpw
hºn® ]Z-hn-bp-≈h
- c
- mWv bmsXm-cp-hs
- c-°mƒ Nne-hg
- n®
]n∂o- S v , tijw bp≤w sNbv X F√m- h - t cmSpw (Xs∂)
A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p G‰w \√-Xns\ A√mlp
\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xns\∏‰n kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv
Hcmƒ°pw Xs‚ ssIh-i-ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ imiz-X-a-√, Aev]-Imew

Ign-bp-tºmƒ AXv A\y¿°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]t£, hn´p-
sIm-Sp°pw apºp-Xs∂ AXv ssIhn´p t]mIbpw sNbvtX-°pw. F√mw A√m-
lp-hn-¶-te°v aS-ßp-∂p. BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep≈ apgp-h≥ hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw DSa-
ÿ-Xbpw Ah-Im-ihpw A√m-lp-hn-\m-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, Ah≥ CjvSs∏Sp∂
am¿K-Øn¬ Nne-h-gn-°msX kq£n®p sh°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v `mhn-bn¬ \nßƒ°v
Hcp \∑bpw {]Xo-£n-°p-hm-\n-√. t\sc adn®v \nßƒ Ct∏mƒ Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-
Xn\v ]Icw `mhn-bn¬ \nßƒ°v [mcmfw \∑ e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂p. \√ hnj-
b-Øn¬ [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂Xv Ft∏mgpw \√-Xp-X-s∂. F¶nepw Hcp Imcyw
{]tXyIw Ku\n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ASn-b-¥-c-L-´-ß-fn¬ Nne-h-gn-°p-I-bpw, XymK-a-
\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xpw, km[m-cW L´-ß-fn¬ Nne-h-gn-°p-∂Xpw Hcp-
t]m-se-b-√. kµ¿`w A\p-k-cn®v Ah-bpsS {]m[m-\yhpw {]Xn-^-ehpw IqSp-I-
bpw, Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb XXz-ßƒ.
i{Xp-°-fpsS A{I-aw, Zmcn-{Zyw, AwK-ß-fpsS Ipdhv BZn-bmb Imc-
W-ß-fm¬ apkvenwIƒ G‰-hp-a-[nIw IjvS-\-jvS-ßƒ kln-t°-≠n-h-cn-I-bpw,
bmX-\-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXXv Ckvemans‚ BZy-L-´-Øn-em-
W-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v A°m-eØv [\w-sIm-≠pw, tZlw-sIm≠pw Atß-A‰w
Ckveman-\p-th≠n XymKw sNøp-hm-\pw, IjvS∏ - m-Sp-Iƒ kln-°p-hm\pw apt∂m´v
h∂-h¿°v Ckveman\v hnPbw ssIh∂v hnj-aß - ƒ°v eLq-Ic - Ww h∂-tijw
apt∂m´v h∂-hsc°mƒ hfsc D∂-X-amb ]Z-hn-bmWv A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep-≈-Xv.
4775
F∂mepw c≠m-asØ hn`m-KsØ Ah-KW - n-°p-∂X
- s
- √-∂pw, F√m-h¿°pw A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ G‰hpw \√ {]Xn-êw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw A√mlp hmKvZm\w
sNøp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ [\w sIm≠pw tZlw sIm≠pw kacw
sNøp∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t{ijvT-Xbpw {]Xn-^-ehpw FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂-
Xn-\n-S°v kq: \nkm-Dv 95 epw Cu Imcyw˛ F√m-h-tcm-Spw-Xs∂ A√mlp G‰hpw
\√-Xns\ hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂v ˛A√mlp DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
_pJmco (d) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-
°p∂p: "i‡-\mb kXy-hn-izmkn IqSp-X¬ \√-h\pw Zp¿∫-e-\mb kXy-hn-
izm-kn-sb-°mƒ A√m-lp IqSp-X¬ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p. F√m-h-cnepw
\∑-bp-≠v-Xm\pw.'
hnP-b-Øns‚ apºv (íàØdG πÑb øe) F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. ChnsS "hnPbw'
sIm≠p-t±iyw a°m-hn-P-b-am-sW-∂mWv `qcn-]-£m-`n-{]m-bw. a°m-hn-P-b-Øn\v
am¿Kw Xpd-∂Xv lpssZ-_nbm kw`-h-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v AXmWv Dt±-iy-sa-∂pw,
s]mXp-hn¬ Ckvemans‚ hnPbw Ft∂ Dt±-iy-ap≈q F∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-
≠v. {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ Ch-sb√mw kmc-Øn¬ H∂m-sW∂v
ImWmw. [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-Xn¬ kwJy-bpsS G‰-°p-d-hpw, XymK-tk-h-\-ßƒ
sNøp-∂-Xn¬ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS hep-∏-sN-dp-∏hpw am{X-a√; Hmtcm-∂ns‚
kµ¿`hpw Bh-iy-I-Xbpw X¬I¿Øm-°-fpsS ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-Ifpw IW-°n-se-
Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw A√mlp Ahbv°v {]m[m\yw Iev]n-°p-∂Xv F∂mWv
CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm-\p-≈-Xv. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, Ckvemans‚ Bcw-`-
Øn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn®v ITn\ XymK-ßƒ sNbvX kzlm-_n-I-fpw,
]n¬°m-eØv Ckveman¬h∂v AXn\v tkh-\-a¿∏n® kzlm-_n-Ifpw XΩn-epw,
kzlm-_n-I-fpw Ah-cpsS tij-ap-≈-hcpw XΩnepw t{ijvT-X-bn¬ hyXym-k-ap-
≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. \_n ˜ ]d-bp-∂p.
¬Ø«°üf ’h ºg~MCG ~e ∑QOCG Ée ÉÑgP ~MCG πãe ≥ØfCG ºc~MCG ¿CG ƒd √~«H ~ªfi ¢ùØf …òdG ƒa »HÉë°UCG GƒÑ°ùJ ’
(\n-ßƒ Fs‚ kzlm-_n-Isf ]gn-®p-]-d-b-cp-Xv. Imc-Ww, apl-Ω-Zns‚
tZlw ˛A-Yhm Poh≥˛ bmsXm-cp-hs‚ Ibvhi-amtWm Ah≥Xs∂! \nß-
sfm-cmƒ DlvZv -a-et-bmfw kz¿Ww Nne-h-gn-®mepw Ah-cn-sem-cm-fpsS Hcp tkdn-
t\m, AXns‚ ]Ip-Xnt°m AXv FØp-∂-X-√. (_p; ap)
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!11! Bcp-≠v, A√m-lp-hn\v
\√- X mb ISw sImSp- ° p- ∂ h≥?
F∂m¬; Ah≥ AXns\ Cc-ń-∏n-®p-
sIm-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv; Ah\v am\y-amb
{]Xn-^-ehpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
4776
!11! Bcp≠v (B-cm-Wv) Cß-s\-bp-≈-h≥ ISw
sImSp-°p-∂-h≥ A√m-lp-hn\v \√-Xmb ISw F∂m-
eXv Ah≥ Cc-ń-∏n-®psImSp°pw Ah∂v Ah∂v D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-
amWv am\y-amb (D-Zm-c-am-b) {]Xn-^-ew, Iqen
k¬°m-cy-ß-fn¬ [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-hm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf t{]m’m-
ln-∏n-°p-∂X- n\v CXn-e[
- nIw F¥v hmN-Ia - mWv ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv? Bcp≠v A√m-
lp-hn\v sImSp-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dp-≈-h¿? AXpw [¿a-am-bn-´-√, IS-am-bn-´p-am-{Xw.
]t£, \√ \ne-°p≈ IS-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. AXv X°-k-a-bØv Xncn®p In´p-sa∂v
am{X-a-√, a‰m-cn¬\n∂pw e`n-°mØ tXmXn¬ h¿≤-\-thm-sS-bm-bn-cn°pw e`n-
°p-I. Cc-ń-°-W-°n¬˛ thsd Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, ]Øp-ap-X¬
Fgp-∂q-dp-h-sc-bpw, Nne-t∏mƒ AXn-e-[n-Ihpw Cc-ń-I-fm-bn˛ A√mlp h¿≤n-∏n-
®p-sIm-Sp-°pw. am{Xtam? DZm-chpw am\y-hp-amb {]Xn-êw AXn-\v]p-d-sabpw! .
hnizm-kt- Øm-Spw, kZp-t±-iytØm-Spw-Iq-Sn, A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnbpw {]Xn-ê - hpw
D∂wsh®p-sIm-≠p-≈Xv F∂s{X \√-Xmb ISw (kÉæn°ùnM kÉ°Vrônb) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚
Xm¬]-cyw. A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-s‚-bpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnbpw
{]Xn-^-e-hp-a-√mØ a‰p-h-√-Xn-s\bpw Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-s‚bpw I¿aßƒ°v A√m-
lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ ]cn-K-W-\-bn√ F∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]e-t∏mgpw hy‡-ambn
˜
{]kvXm-hn®n´p≈-Xm-Wv.-\-_n bpw Hcp lZo-Yn¬ C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p:
"Hcmƒ ]cn-ip-≤-amb kºm-Zy-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp Imc-°°v kam-\-am-b-Xns\ [¿aw
sNbvXm¬˛ ]cn-ip-≤-am-b-X-√msX A√mlp kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-an-√˛ AXv Xs‚
he-ss¶-sIm≠v (k-t¥m-j-]q¿∆w) A√mlp kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv \nß-
sfm-cmƒ Xs‚ IpXn-c-°p-ńsb (em-fn-®p) hf¿Øp-∂-Xp-t]mse Ah≥ AXns‚
Bƒ°p-th≠n AXns\ hf¿Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw, Aß-s\, AXv aet]mse
Bbn-Øo-cpw.' (_p; ap.). A√mlp hmßp∂ ISw aS-°n-°n-´p∂ kµ¿`w GXm-
sW∂v ASpØ Bb-Øn¬ shfn-hm-°p∂p:˛
!12! kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-
sSbpw hnizm-kn-\n-I-fp-sSbpw {]Im-
iw, Ah-cpsS apºn-eq-sS-bpw, Ah-
cpsS he- X p- ` m- K - ß - f n- e q- s Sbpw
]m™p (hym-]n-®p) sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-
Xmbn \o ImWp∂ Znhkw! (A-h-
tcmSv ]d-b-s∏Spw:) "C∂v \nßƒ°v
A\p- t am- Z \w (A- Y hm kt¥m- j -
hm¿Ø), ASn-`m-K-Øp-IqSn Acp-hn-
Iƒ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kz¿K-
ß-fm-Ip∂p; AXn¬ (\n-ßƒ) \nXy-
hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬.' AXp-X-s∂-
bm-Wv, hºn® `mKyw.
4777
!13! (A-Xm-b-Xv) I]-S-
hn-izm-kn-I-fpw, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-\n-
Ifpw hniz-kn-®-h-tcmSv ]d-bp∂
Znhkw: " Rßsf t\m°-tW,
Rßƒ \nß- f psS {]Im- i -
Øn¬\n∂v (A-ev]w) ]I¿Øn-
sb-Sp-°s´!' F∂v (A-htcm-Sv) ]d-
b-s∏Spw: "\nß-fpsS ]nt∂m´v aS-
ßn- s °m- ≈ p- h n≥, F∂n´v h√
{]Im-ihpw At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≈p-
hn≥!'
At∏mƒ, Ah¿°n- S -
bn¬ Hcp hmXn¬ D≈- X mb
AXn¿Øn-ad (A-Yhm aXn¬)
G¿s∏-Sp-Øs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
AXns‚ Dƒ`m-K-am-I-s´, AXn-
emWv ImcpWyw [kz¿Kw];
AXns‚ ]pd- ` m- K - a m- I - s ´,
AXns‚ `mK-Øq-sS-bmWv in£
[\c-Iw].
!14! Ah¿ Ahsc [kXy-
hn- i zm- k n- I sf] hnfn®p ]dbpw:
"Rßƒ (C-l-Øn¬) \nß-fpsS
H∂n-®m-bn-cp-∂nt√?!' Ah¿ ]dbpw:
"AsX, ]t£, \nßƒ \nß-sf-
Øs∂ Ipg-∏-Øn-em°n;
\nßƒ (k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-
Iƒ°v B]- Ø v ) {]Xo- £ n®p
sIm≠n-cn-°b - pw, (a-XØ
- n¬) ktµ-
l-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp; A√m-lp-hns‚ Iev]\
[acWw] hs∂-Øp-∂-Xp-h-scbpw
hymtam-l-ßƒ \nßsf h©n®p
If- b p- I bpw sNbv X p; A√m- l p-
hns\ kw_-‘n®v (B) alm h©-
I\pw \nßsf h©n®p If-™p.
4778
!15! "F\n, C∂v \nß-
fn¬ \n∂m-I-s´, Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-
cn¬\n- ∂ m- I - s ´, bmsXmcp sX
≠hpw [{]mb-›n-Øhpw] kzoI-cn-
°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√.\nß-fpsS kt¶-X-
ÿm\w \c- I - a m- I p∂p; AXs{X
\nßƒ°v (G‰hpw tbmPn- ® )
_‘p!' (B) Xncn-s®-Øp∂ ÿew
hfsc NoØ-Xs∂!
12! \o ImWp∂ Znhkw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf
hnizm-kn-\n-I-sfbpw ]m-bp∂ (k-©-cn-°p-∂)-Xm-bn´v Ah-
cpsS {]Im-iw, shfn-®w, tim` Ah-cp-sS ap∂n-eqsS Ah-
cpsS heXp `mK-ß-fnepw \nß-fpsS A\p-tam-Z\w, kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø
C∂v Nne kz¿K-ßf
- m-Wv, tXm∏p-If
- mWv k©-cn-°p-∂, HgpIpw
AXns‚ ASn-bn¬IqSn Acphn (\-Zn)-Iƒ AXn¬ \nXy
(-im-iz-X) hmkn-If
- mb \ne°v AXv Xs∂-bmWv `mKyw, hnPbw
hºn® al-Ømb !13! ]d-bp∂ Znhkw I]-S-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-\n-Ifpw hniz-kn-®-h-tcmSv
Rßsf t\m°-tW, Im°Ww Rßƒ ]I¿Øn-sb-Sp-°s´ (F-Sp-
Øp-]-tbm-Kn-°-s´) \nß-fpsS {]Im-i-Øn¬\n∂v ]d-b-s∏Spw
\nßƒ aS-ßn-s°m-≈p-hn≥ \nß-fpsS ]nt∂m-´v, ]pd-In-te°v
F∂n-´-t\z-jn-°p-hn≥, tXSpI h√ {]Im-ihpw At∏mƒ
G¿s∏-Sp-Ø(-ÿm-]n-°˛ B°)-s∏Spw Ah¿°nS-bn¬ Hcp aXn-en-
s\, ad-sb, AXn¿Ønsb AXn-\p≠v Hcp hmXn¬ AXns‚ D≈v
AXn-ep-≠v, AXn-emWv Imcp-Wyw, Zbhv AXns‚ ]pdw, shfn-
`mKw AXns‚ t\cn¬ (`m-K-Øn¬) IqSn-bmWv in£ !14!
Ah¿ Ahsc hnfn®p ]dbpw Rßƒ Bbn-cp-∂nt√ \nß-
fpsS IqsS Ah¿ ]dbpw C√m-tX, AsX, icn F¶nepw \nßƒ
\nßƒ Ipg-∏-Øn-em°n \nß-fpsS tZl-ßsf (\n-ß-sf-Ø-s∂)
\nßƒ {]Xo-£n-°pI (Im-Øn-cn-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp \nßƒ
ktµlw sh°pI (kw-i-b-s∏-Sp-I)bpw sNbvXp \nßsf h©n°p-
4779
Ibpw sNbvXp hym(Zp¿)tam-l-ßƒ , sImXn-Iƒ hcp-thm-fw,
Aßns\ h∂p A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ \nßsf h©n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp ¬p ∏q dÉpH A√m-lp-hn-s\-∏‰n (B) alm h©-I≥ !15!
F\n (B-I-bm¬) C∂v \nß-fn¬\n∂v kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√
Hcp sX≠hpw, tamN-\-aq-ey-hpw, {]mb-›n-Øhpw bmsXm-cp-
Ø-cn¬\n∂pw C√ Ahn-iz-kn® \nß-fpsS kt¶X (hm-k˛
hn{i-a˛ {]m]y) ÿm\w \c-I-am-Ip∂p AXv \nß-fpsS _‘p
(tbm-Pn-®-Xv˛ c£m-[n-Im-cn˛ bP-am-\≥) BIp∂p hfsc NoØ, tamiw
(-B) Xncn®p (a-S-ßn) sN√p∂ ÿm\w, Xncn-s®-Ø¬
]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS apºnepw he-Xp-`m-KØpw
D≠m-Ip∂ B {]Imiw Fß-s\-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂v Xo¿Øv ]d-bp-hm≥ \ap°v
km[y-a-√. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS apJ-ßƒ A∂v shfpØpw sXfn™pw {]k-
∂-ambpw Ccn-°p-sa-∂pw, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS apJ-ßƒ A∂v Idp-Øn-cp≠pw æm\-
hpam-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠v. (80: 38 ˛40; 3: 106.) k÷-\-ß-
fpsS \∑-Xn≥a-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ {KŸw Ah-cpsS apºn¬IqSn he-Xp-
I-øn-epw, Zp¿P-\-ß-fp-tSXv Ah-cpsS ]nºn¬IqSn CS-Xp-I-ønepw Bbn-cn°pw
\¬I-s∏-SpI F∂v Izp¿-B\nepw lZo-Ynepw {]kvXm-hn-°m-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. (69: 19,
25; 84: 7, 10.) "hpZzq'hns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ \nanØw Fs‚ kap-Zm-bsØ Iznbm-a-
Øp-\m-fn¬ ssIIm-ep-Iƒ shfp-Ø-h¿ (tim-`n-°p-∂-h¿) F∂v hnfn-°-s∏Spw;
BI-bm¬ \nß-fn¬\n∂v apJw \oń-°-gp-Ip-hm≥ km[n°p∂h¿ sNbvXp-sIm-
≈s´' F∂v \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p-∂p. (_p: ap.) "P\-ßƒ°v
Ah-cpsS I¿a-ß-fpsS tXmX-\p-k-cn®v ˛Nn-e¿°v AXn-hn-im-e-am-bpw, Nne¿°v
AXn\v Xmsg-bpw, a‰v Nne¿°v hfsc Ipd™ \ne-bn-epw˛ {]Imiw e`n-°p-sa-
∂pw, AXns‚ klm-b-tØmsS Ah¿ "kzndmXzv, (•Gô°üdG) IS∂p t]mIp-sa∂pw
* C_v\p akv-DuZv (d)¬ \n∂pw, IzØmZx (d)-bn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ Nne "cnhm-bØp'
Ifnepw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-hn´v A‘-cmbn Pohn-°p-∂-hsc
Iznbm-aØ
- v\m-fn¬ A‘≥amcmbn Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p-sa∂v kq: Xzmlm 124 epw ImWmw.
"A{Iaw Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fn¬ A‘-Im-c-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw' (_p; ap.) F∂ \_n hN-
\hpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNøp∂ k÷-\-ßƒ°v Ah-cp-tS-
(*) kz¿K-Øn-te°v {]th-in-°p-hm-\p-≈X - pw, \c-IØ

- n\v aosX-bmbn
\o≠p-In-S-°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp ]me-am-bn-´Wv "kzndmXzv' ( •Gô°üdG ) F∂ hm°v
lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "]mX, hgn' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv
hm°¿∞w. k÷-\-ßƒ AXp-hgn Ah-c-h-cpsS tbmKy-X-b-\p-k-cn®v thK-
X-bn¬ kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-sa-∂pw, Zp¿P-\-ßƒ AXv IS-°p-hm≥ Ign-
bmsX \c-I-Øn¬ hogvØ-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
4780
Xmb {]Xn-^-ehpw {]Im-ihpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Xmsg 19 ˛mw hN-\-Ønepw
ImWmw.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS {]Im-i-sØ-∏‰n Gsd-°psd a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

CsX√mw klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. t\sc-a-dn®v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw, I]-S-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°pw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂ Ccp-ń-s\-°p-dn®pw CXn¬\n-s∂√mw Duln-°m-hp-
∂-Xm-Wv. shfn-®hpw am¿K-Z¿i-\-hp-an-√msX alvi-dn¬sh®v A‘m-fn®v \´w-
Xn-cn-bp∂ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS {]Imiw ImWp-tºmƒ Ah-
tcmSv klmbw tXSp-∂-Xpw, AXn\v e`n-°p∂ adp-]-Sn-bpamWv A√mlp Cu
hN-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "\nßƒ ]nt∂m´v aS-ßp-hn≥, F∂n´v h√-{]-Im-
ihpw, At\z-jn®p sIm≈p-hn≥' (ïdG ºcAGQh Gƒ©LQG) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-
cyw, \nßƒ Cl-tem-I-tØ°v aS-ßn-t\m-°n≥, AhnsS\n-∂mWv {]Im-i-Øn-
\p≈ am¿K-ßƒ kºm-Zn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv, AXv \nßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øn. F\n
H∂p-IqSn aS-ßn-t∏mbn AXv kºm-Zn-°p-hm≥ t\m°pI F∂n-ßn-s\-bm-bn-cn-
°mw. As√-¶n¬, \nßƒ h∂-h-gn-°p-Xs∂ ]ntºm-s´m∂v aS-ßn-t∏mbn At\z-
jn-®p-t\m-°n≥ F∂p-am-bn-cn-°mw. GXm-bm-epw, \nßƒ°v Chn-sS-sh®v {]Imiw
e`n-°p-hm-\n√ F∂mWv adp-]S- n-bpsS kmcw F∂v hy‡-am-Wv. Ccp-`m-K°
- m¿°pw
CS-bn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ aXn¬˛ AXn¿Øn-a-d˛ Fß-s\-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂pw
\ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. GXm-bmepw AXns‚ hmXn¬ IS∂p Dt≈m´v t]mbm¬
AhnsS kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ kz¿Km-\p-
{K-lß - fpw AXns‚ ]n≥]p-dØv I]S hnizm-kn-Ifpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ah¿°v
e`n-°p∂ \cI in£-Ifpw Bbn-cn°pw D≠m-hp-I. c≠n-\p-an-S-bn-ep≈ Hc-
Xn¿Øn-bm-bn-cn°pw AXv.
"Rßƒ \nß-fpsS H∂n-®m-bn-cp-∂nt√? (ºµ©e øµf ⁄G) F∂v ]d-™Xv
Cl-Øn¬sh®v I]-Sh - n-izm-kn-Iƒ apkvenwth-ja- W
- n™v _mly-Øn¬ Ah-
tcmSv kº¿°w ]pe¿Øn-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xns\ Hm¿an-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. ]t£,
Ah-cpsS bYm¿∞-\ne C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, AXp-sIm≠v Chn-
sS-sh®v \ap°v kl-I-cn-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
DØcw ]d-bp-∂p. "\nßƒ {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p (ºà°üHôJ) F∂v ]d-™-
Xns‚ kmcw, apkvenwIƒ°v GsX-¶nepw hnt[\ A]-ISw ]nW-bp-I-bpw,
Aßs\ Xßƒ°v Ah-cn¬\n∂v c£-t\-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-sa∂v I]-S-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-sh-∂s{X'. As√-¶n¬, k¬°¿a-ßƒ
sNøm-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ß-sf√mw ]mgm°n ]n∂o-Sm-°m-sa∂v ImØn-cp∂p
F∂pw Bbn-cn-°mw. º∏YCG ¬∏dG "A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ hs∂-Øp-∂-Xp-hsc'
F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw acWw hsc F∂pw "alm-h-©-I≥' F∂-Xns‚
Dt±iyw ]nimNv F∂p-am-Ip-∂p. I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ]cy-h-km-\-sØ-°p-
dn®v ]eXpw {]kvXm-hn-®-ti-jw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw hfsc PmK-
cq-I-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw A√m-Ø-]£w Ah-cpsS `mhn hn\m-i-Øn-
te°v \oßp-sa∂pw A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p:˛
4781
! 16! hniz- k n- ® - h ¿°v
A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bn-te-°pw,
Ah- X - c n- ® n- ´ p≈ bYm¿∞- Ø n-
te°pw XßfpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ (H-
Xp-ßn) hn\-b-s∏-´p-h-cp-hm≥ ka-b-
am-bnt√?!
apºv thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏-
´-h-sc-t∏mse Ah¿ BIm-Xn-cn-°p-
hm\pw (k-a-b-am-bn-t√)?! F∂n´v
Ah- c n¬ [thZ- ° m- c n¬] Imew
Zo¿Ln®p; Aß-s\, Ah-cpsS lrZ-
b-ßƒ ISp-Øp-t]m-bn; Ah-cn¬
A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cp-am-
Ip∂p. (F-∂-Xp-t]m-se.)
!16! kabw (t\-cw) Bbn-ńt√ hniz-kn-®-h¿°v

hn\b (`-‡n)-s∏-Sp-hm≥, HXp-ßp-hm≥ Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ
A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bn-te°v (D-]-tZ-i-Øn-te-°v, D¬t_m-[-\-
Øn-\v) Cd-ßnb (A-h-X-cn-®)Xnte°pw bYm¿∞ (k-Xy)-
Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿ BIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw bmsXm-cp-h-sc-t∏mse
thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏´ apºv F∂n´v Zo¿Ln-®p, \o≠p
Ah-cn¬ Imew F∂n-´v ISp-Øp, ISp-∏-ambn Ah-cpsS
lrZ-b-ßƒ A[n-I-amfpIfpw, ]ecpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Zp¿∂-
S-∏p-Im-cmWv, tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fmWv
hfsc Kuc-h-]q¿∆w apkvenwIƒ kZm a\- n-cp-tØ-≠p∂ Hcp
Xm°o-Xm-Wn-Xv. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn®psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p; \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°nS-bn¬ Pohn-®p-h-cp-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈ A°m-e-Øv˛
apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ G‰hpw DØ-a-Im-e-Øv˛ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ Nne-
cn¬\ns∂-¶nepw {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ XpS-ßnb A\m-ÿ-sb-°p-dn-®m-Wt√m
Cu hN\w C{Xbpw Kuc-h-]q¿∆w Xm°oXv sNøp-∂Xv! F∂n-cn-s°,
C∂sØ apkvenwI-fpsS \ne-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp Xm°oXv hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬
AXv F{X-ta¬ ItTm-c-am-bn-cn°pw? Btem-Nn®p t\m°pI!
C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn IzØmZx (d) hgn C_v\p
A_o-lmXnw (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p: "kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-
b-ßƒ°v Hcp amµyX _m[n-®-Xmbn A√mlp I≠p. AXn-\m¬, Izp¿-B≥
4782
Ah-X-cn®p XpS-ßn-bXv apX¬ ]Xn-aq-∂p-sIm-√-°m-e-Øns‚ Xe-°¬sh®v
Ahsc Bt£-]n-°p-I-bm-bn. Ah≥ ]d™p: ïdG GƒæeBG øjò∏d ¿CÉj ⁄CG (k-Xy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°v ka-ba - m-bn-t√..........?!)' C_v\p-ak
- vD
- uZv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®X
- m-bn, Camw
apkvenw (d) C{]-Imcw D≤-cn-°p∂p; "kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v ka-b-am-bnt√'
F∂v XpS-ßp∂ Cu hN\w aptJ\ Rßsf Bt£-]n-®-Xn-\pw, Rßƒ
Ckvemans\ AwKo-I-cn-®-Xn-\p-an-S-bn¬ \mev-kw-h-’-c-a-√msX D≠m-bn-ń-√.'
C_v\p akv-DuZv (d) Xs∂ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn D≤-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ thsdmcp
˜
cnhm-b-Øns‚ kmcw CXmWv: "\_n -bpsS kzlm-_n-Iƒ aZo-\xbn¬ h∂-
t∏mƒ Ah¿°v Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ipd-s®ms° kuJyw e`y-am-bn. Ah¿ apºv
henb hnj-am-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. Aß-s\, Ah-cpsS apºsØ \ne-
]m-Sn¬ A¬]-sam-cp Abhv h∂p-sh-∂v-tXm-∂p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ Cu
Bb-Øv aqew Bt£-]n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.' Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn-°p-hm-
\p≈ kml-Ncyw CXn¬ \ns∂√mw a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
hfsc A¿∞-h-Ømb c≠v Imcy-ß-fmWv A√mlp CXn¬ kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Isf Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂X
- v. (1) A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kvac-Wbpw
t_m[hpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xn-epw, Izp¿-Bs‚ D¬t_m-[-\-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-
ßfpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw H´pw Abhp hcm-Ø-hn[w kXyhnizm-kn-I-fpsS
lrZ-b-ßƒ hn\-b-hpw `‡nbpw \nd-™-Xm-bn-cn-°p-I.
(2) blq-Zn-Ifpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-am-Ip∂ ]q¿∆ thZ-°m¿ Ah-cpsS
BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-®p-sh-¶n-epw, Ime-{I-taW Ah-cpsS
lrZbw Zpjn-®p-a-c-hn-°p-Ibpw tXm∂n-b-hm-k-Øn¬ apgp-IpIbpw sNbvX-
Xp-t]mse kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Bbn-Øo-cm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-I. c≠v
Imcy-ßfpw ]c-kv]cw At`-Zy-_-‘-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂p ImWmw. AYhm A√m-
lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®pw, thZ-{K-Ÿ-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ aXn∏pw `‡nbpw Ipd-bpw-
tXmdpw thZ-°m-cpsS AtX \ne-]mSv apkvenwI-fn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-SpI kzm`m-hn-
I-am-bn-cn-°pw. thZ-°m¿ sNbvX-sX-¥mWv? Ah¿ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ am‰n adn-
®p. kzm¿∞-Øn\pw sFln-I-Xm¬]-cy-Øn\pw A\p-k-cn®p \nb-a-ßƒ t`Z-
K-Xn-sN-bvXp. AXm-Xp-Im-esØ P\-hn-Im-c-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v aX-aq-eyßsf
Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXp; I≈-I-Y-Ifpw ]pØ≥kn-≤m-¥-ßfpw sIń-®-a-®p;
]ptcm-ln-X≥am-scbpw ]WvUn-X≥am-scbpw d∫p-I-fm-°n; C—-s°m-Ø-hÆw
{KŸ-ßƒ cNn-°p-Ibpw Ah ssZhnI {KŸ-ß-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]e hi-ß-sfbpw aX-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-
hm-°n; Aßs\ ]eXpw ]e-Xpw.!
Bbn-cØ- n-\m-\q-dp-sIm-√w-apºv ˛Ckvemans‚ BZy-kw-h’

- c
- ß
- f
- n¬X-
s∂˛ A√mlp \¬Inb Cu Xm°o-Xpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ \¬Inb Xm°o-
Xp-Ifpw hne-sh-°m-Ø-Xn≥^-e-ambn C∂v apkvenw kap-Zmbw FhnsS FØn-
4783
sb∂v Btem-Nn®p t\m°pI! AsX, \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS {]h-N\w ˜
A£cw {]Xn Ah-cn¬ ]pe¿∂pI-gn™p! Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS {]h-N\w CXmWv:
"Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cn¬ kw`-hn-®Xv sNcp-∏n\v sNcp-s∏-t∂mWw \n›-ba - mbpw Fs‚
kap-Zm-b-Ønepw kw`-hn-°pw. F{X-tØm-f-sa-∂p-sh-®m¬, Ah-cn¬ h√-hcpw
Xs‚ amXm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ ]c-ky-ambn (hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-\v) sN∂n-´p-s≠-¶n¬,
Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Aß-s\ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠m-Ipw. Ckvdm-Cu-ey¿
Fgp-]-Øn-c≠v I£n-I-fmbn `n∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ kap-Zmbw Fgp-]-Øn-aq∂v
I£n-I-fmbn `n∂n-t®-°pw. Ah-cn¬ Hs∂m-gn®v _m°n F√m-hcpw \c-I-Øn-
em-bn-cn-°pw.' kzlm-_n-Iƒ tNmZn®p: "dkq-te, B I£n BcmWv?' Xncp-ta\n
]d™p: Rm\pw Fs‚ kzlm-_n-Ifpw \ne-s°m-≈p∂ {]Im-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-
Wv' (Xn). as‰mcp lZo-Yn¬, I£n-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-™-tijw Xncp-ta\n C{]-
Imcw ]d-™n-cn°p∂p: "Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Nne P\-ßƒ hgnsb {]Xy-£-
s∏Spw. t]∏-ń-hnjw Xo≠n-b-h-\n¬ AXv ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xvt]mse B X∂n-
jvS-ßƒ Ah-cn¬ ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn-°pw. Ahs‚ Hcp Ah-b-hhpw Hcp k‘nbpw
AXv {]th-in-°msX _m°n-bm-hp-I-bn-√-t√m.' (A; Zm) bmYm-ÿn-XnI tNcn-
bn¬\n-∂pw, ]ptcm-K-a\ tNcn-bn¬\n-∂pw, s]mXp-P-\-ß-fn¬\n-∂pw, ÿm]n-
X-Xm¬]-cy-°m-cmb ]WvUn-X≥am-cn¬\n-∂p-sa√mw Xs∂, C∂v apkvenwk-ap-
Zm-b-Øn¬ \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ sNbvXn-I-sf-∏‰n A¬]-sam∂v Btem-Nn-
°p-∂h - ¿s°√mw Cu lZo-Yp-If - nse {]h-N\
- h
- pw, AXn-\∏
- p-dhpw C∂v ]pe¿∂p-
I-gn-™-Xmbn a\- n-em-Ipw. A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw!
! 17! \nßƒ Adn- ™ p-

sIm-≈pI: `qan \n¿÷o-ha
- m-bX
- n-\p-
tijw A√mlp AXns\ Pohn-∏n-
°p-∂p F∂v. Xo¿®-bm-bpw, \mw
\nßƒ°v ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ hnh-cn®p
X∂n-cn-°p-∂p, \nßƒ _p≤n-sImSp
(Øp Nn¥n)-°p-hm≥th-≠n.
17! \nßƒ Adn-™p-sIm-≈pI A√mlp (B-Ip-∂p)

F∂v Pohn-∏n-°p∂p (F-∂v) `qansb AXns‚ ac-W-Øn\v
(\n¿÷o-hm-h-ÿ-°v) tijw \mw hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v \nßƒ°v
ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf \nßƒ _p≤n (Nn-¥) sImSp-°p-hm≥ th≠n
thZ-°m-cn¬ ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn® t]∏-ń-hnjw t]mse-bp≈ X∂n-jvSß - ƒ

apkvenwIsf Xo≠m-Xn-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bpw, A√mlp
Ah-Xc- n-∏n® thZ-{K-Ÿhpw ssIhn-Sm-Xn-cn-°W
- s
- a∂v ta¬ hnh-cn-®X
- n¬\n∂v
4784
a\- n-em-°mw. Hcp D]-a-bn¬IqSn B hkvXpX Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. \n¿÷o-h-ambn ssNX-\y-an-√msX DW-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ `qan-
bn¬ ag-h¿jn-®m¬ AXv ]®-]n-Sn®p Poh- p≈Xmbn cq]-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXp-
t]m-se-bmWv lrZ-b-Øns‚ \ne-bpw. ISpØpNØ lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-
hns‚ kvac-Wbpw Izp¿-B\ - p-am-Ip∂ ag h¿jn-®p-Xp-Sß
- n-bm¬ Ah¿°v Poh-
ssN-X\yw D≠m-Ip-∂Xpw Ah \∑-Isf D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
Ú©ŸGh ≥aƒŸG ¬∏dGh
18! \n›-b-am-bpw, Zm\-
[¿aw sNøp-I-bpw, A√m-lp-hn\v
\√- X mb ISw- s Im- S p- ° p- I bpw
sNøp∂ ]pcp- j ≥amcpw kv { Xo
Ifpw (B-tcm) Ah¿°v Cc-ń-®p-
sIm-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv; Ah¿°v
am\y-amb {]Xn-^-ehpw D≠m-bn-cn-
°pw.
!19! bmsXm-cp-h≥ A√m-
lp-hn-epw, Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fnepw
hniz-kn-®p-thm, A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bm-
Wv, Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ ASp-°¬
"kzn±oIzp'Ifpw, iloZp'Ifpw
[kXy-k‘ - ≥am-cpw, c‡-km-£n-I-
fpw].
Ah¿°v Ah- c p- s S- X mb
{]Xn-^-e-hpw, Ah-cpsSXmb {]Im-
ihpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw, bmsXm-cp-h¿
Ahn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw, \ΩpsS Bb-
Øp(-e£- yw)Isf hymP-am-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-thm, A°q-´¿ Pzen-°p∂
\c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°m-cm-Ip-∂p.
!18! \n›-b-ambpw Zm\-[¿aw \¬Ip∂ ]pcp-j≥am¿

Zm\-[¿aw sNøp∂ kv{XoIfpw ISw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX
A√m-lp-hn\v \√-Xmb ISw Ah¿°v Cc-ń-bmbn
sImSp-°-s∏Spw Ah¿°p-≠v -Xm\pw am\y-amb {]Xn-^-ew, Iqen
!19! hniz-kn-®-h¿ A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fn-
epw, ZqX≥am-cnepw A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bmWv kzn±o-Izp-Iƒ,
4785
kXy-k-‘≥am¿ iloZv (c-‡-km-£n)-Ifpw Xß-fpsS
d∫ns‚ ASp-°¬ Ah¿°p≠v Ah-cpsS {]Xn-êw Ah-
cpsS {]Im-ihpw Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ hymP-am-°p-Ibpw
sNbvX \ΩpsS BbØv (e-£y-Zr-jvSm-¥w)Isf A°q-´¿
Pzen-°p∂ \c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°m-cm-Ip∂p
kXy- h n- i zm- k - Ø n- e pw, kXy- \ n- j v T - b nepw ASn- b p- d ® kXy- k -

‘≥am¿°mWv "kzn±oIzp'Iƒ F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kXy-a-X-Øn-\p-th≠n Pohs\
_en-b¿∏n® c‡-km£n ˛A-Yhm kXy-km-£n˛ Iƒ°mWv "iloZp'Iƒ F∂v
]d-bp-∂-Xv. kzn±o-Izns‚ ÿm\w hnizm-k-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬\n-∂pw, ilo-Zns‚
ÿm\w XymK-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂p. {]hm-NI - ≥am-cpsS ]Zhn
Ign-®m¬ a\p-jy\v FØn-t®-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ D∂X ]Z-hn-I-fs{X Ah. {]hm-
N-I-]-Zhn a\p-jys‚ I¿a-^-e-amtbm at‰m e`n-°p-∂-X-√. AXv A√mlp Dt±-
in-°p-∂-h¿°v Ahs‚ Imcp-Wyw-sIm≠v am{Xw e`n-°p∂ ÿm\-am-Wv. kzn±o-
Izn-s‚bpw ilo-Zn-s‚bpw ÿm\-am-I-s´, hnizm-k-I¿a-ß-fpsS ê-ambn kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Iƒs°√mw e`n-t®-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. "A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-
ep- I - f nepw hniz- k n- ® - h ¿ Xs∂- b mWv kzn±o- I zp- I - f pw, ilo- Z p- I - f pw,'
(ïdG ¬∏°SQh ¬∏dÉH GƒæeG øjòdGh) F∂m-Wt√m A√mlp ]d-™-Xv. ]t£, hniz-kn-®-h-
sc√mw kzn±o-Izpw, iloZpw BIp-sa-t∂m, {]h¿Ø\w IqSmsX hnizmkw
sIm≠pam{Xw B ÿm\w t\Sm-sat∂m CXn-\¿∞-an-√. hnizm-k-Øn\v ZrV-
Xbpw ]q¿W-Xbpw Ds≠-¶n¬ XZ-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ Pohn-X-{I-ahpw AXns‚
kl-P-Kp-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. kXy-hn-izmkw IqSm-sX-bp≈ GXv Pohn-X-{I-
a-Øn-\pw˛ AXv F{X-ta¬ \√tXm {]iw-k-\o-b-tam Bbn-cp-∂m¬ t]mepw˛
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ ]cn-K-W-\-bn√ Xm\pw. "Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw \ΩpsS Bb-Øp-
Isf hymPam-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ Pzen-°p∂ \c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°m-cmWv'
(ïdG GƒHòch GhôØc øjòdGh) F∂v ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂v Xs∂ CXv a\- n-em-°mw.
hn`m-Kw˛ 3
!20! \nßƒ Adn-™n-cn-
°Ww: sFlnI Pohn-X-sa-∂-Xv,
Ifn-bpw, hnt\mZ-hpw, Ae-¶m-c-
hpw, \nßƒ XΩn¬ Zpc-`n-am\w
\Sn-°-epw, kzØp-°-fnepw k¥m-
\- ß - f nepw s]cp∏w \Sn- ° epw
am{X-am-Ip-∂p-sh-∂v.
4786
(AsX, tIh-ew) Hcp ag-
bpsS amXn-cn, AXnse [AXn¬
apf®] sNSn I¿j-Isc B›-cy-
s∏-SpØn; ]n∂o-SXv hmSn-t∏m-Ip-
∂p, F∂n- ´ - X ns\ a™- \ ndw
]q≠-Xmbn \o ImWp-∂p, ]ns∂
AXv (D-W-ßn) Xpcp-ºm-bn-Øo-
cp∂p (F-∂-t]m-se.) ]c-tem-I-
Øn- e m- I s´ ITn- \ - a mb in£-
bpw, A√m- l p- h n- ¶ ¬\n- ∂ p≈
]m]-tam-N-\-hpw, {]oXnbpw! Cl-
tem-I-Po-hn-Xw, h©-\-bpsS (A-
Yhm Ir{Xn- a - Ø n- s ‚) hn`- h - a -
√msX (a-s‰m-∂pw) A√.
!20! Adn-bp-hn≥, \nßƒ Adn-bWw \n›-b-

ambpw sFln-I-Po-hnXw (B-Ip-∂p) F∂v Ifn-bmWv (F-∂v) hnt\m-
Zhpw Ae-¶m-c-hpw, `wKnbpw Zpc-`n-am\w (s]-cp-a˛ ]{Xm-kv) \Sn-
°epw \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬, XΩn¬ s]cp∏w (B-[n-Iyw) \Sn-°epw
kzØp-°-fnepw k¥m-\-ß-fnepw Hcp ag-bpsS
amXncn I¿j-Isc B›-cy-s∏-SpØn AXns‚ sNSn, kkyw,
apf ]ns∂ AXp-hm-Sn (D-Wßn, Cf-°w-]-‰n) t∏mIp∂p F∂n´v
\o AXns\ ImWp-∂p, ImWmw a™-h¿Wap-≈-Xmbn ]ns∂
AXm-Ip-∂p Xpcp-ºv, \pdp-ßv, Nhdv ]c-tem-I-Øn-em-Is´
ITn-\-in-£-bmWv ]m]-tam-N-\hpw A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬\n∂v {]oXn-bpw, s]mcp-Øhpw sFln-I-Po-hn-X-a√
hn`hw (N-c-°v, D]-I-c-Ww) A√msX h©\ (N-Xn)-bpsS, Ir{Xn-
a-Øns‚
sFln-I-Po-hn-Øns‚ BsI-Øp-I-bpw, AXns‚ bYm¿∞ \ne-]mSpw
A√mlp Cu hN-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. bmsXmcp hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Bh-
iy-an-√m-Ø-hn[w AXv kv]jvS-hp-am-Ip-∂p. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v ]c-tem-IØv e`n-
°p-hm-\p-≈Xv Fs¥-√m-am-sW∂pw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. {]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-
amtbm ùXnI hmZwsh®v ]pe¿Øp-∂-h¿ Ccn-°-s´, tIhew ùXn-I-hm-Zn-I-f-
4787
√mØ Nne Bfp-Iƒt]mepw Ah-cp-sS Nne {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ sFlnI Pohn-
X-sØ-bpw, ]mc-{XnI Pohn-X-sØbpw Htc Afhv tImep-sIm≠v Af-∂pw, Htc
Iń-sIm≠v Xq°nbpw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv-Im-Wmw. a‰v Nne-cpsS {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ
ImWp-tºmƒ, A√m-lphpw dkqepw a\p-jys‚ hnP-b-ambn IW-°m-°p-∂Xv
sFlnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ hnPbw am{X-am-sW∂pw tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw. Cß-s\-bp-
≈-h-sc√mw Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-hpw, CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ a‰v ]e Izp¿-B≥ hN-
\-ßfpw Xpd∂ a\-t msS {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ie-bp-
sS-tbm, Imbn-Im-`ym-k-Øn-s‚-tbm, kuµ-cym-kzm-Z-\-Øn-s‚tbm at‰m t]cp-I-
fn¬ C∂v {]Npc{]Nm-c-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ Ifn-hn-t\m-Z-ßƒ°pw, Ime-Øn-s\mØv
Pohn-X-\n-e-hmcw Db¿tØ-≠-Xm-sW∂pw a‰p-ap≈ \ymbo-I-c-W-ß-tfmsS
k¿∆{X ImW-s∏-Sp∂ BVw-_c X¬]-c-X°pw Ckvemans‚ AwKo-Im-cw-IqSn
hmßn-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥ shº¬sIm-≈p∂ ]ptcm-K-a-\-h-mZn-Ifpw CØcw hN-\-
ßƒ {]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sFlnI kpJ-ß-sf√mw h¿Pn-°-W-
sa-t∂m, ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-sWt∂m C∏-d-™-Xn\v A¿∞-am-t°-≠-Xn-√. AXym-h-
iy-amb Af-hn¬ am{Xw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-I, D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂s
- X√mw A√m-lp-hns‚
\nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®pw, ]mc-{XnI \∑°v DX-Ip∂ hn[-Ønepw Bbn-
cn-°p-I, CXmWv th≠-Xv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬, ]c-tem-It- Ø°v kºm-
Zn-°p-hm-\p≈ hnf-\n-e-am-bn-´mWv sFln-I-Po-hn-XsØ IW-°m-t°-≠-Xv.
ùXnI Pohn-XØ - ns‚ {]m[m\yw _mly-Zr-jvSn-bn¬ F¥p-Xs∂ Bbn-

cp-∂mepw icn˛ D]-am-cq-]-Øn¬ A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se˛ bYm¿∞-
Øn¬ AXv \iz-chpw £Wn-I-hp-am-W-t√m. ]n∂o-Sp-≈Xv imiz-X-amb ]c-tem-
I-Po-hn-X-am-Wv. Ahn-sS-bm-sW-¶n¬, H∂p-In¬ ITn-\-in-£; As√¶n¬ A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈ ]m]-tam-N-\hpw {]oXn-bpw. AYhm sFlnI Pohn-X-Øn¬
h©n-Xc - m-bh
- ¿°v ITn-\i
- n-£b- pw, AXn¬ h©n-Xc
- m-ImsX c£-s∏-´h - ¿°v ]m]-
tam-N-\hpw {]oXn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw. CXn¬ GXv thW-sa∂v Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw kzbw
Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bpw, AX-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p F∂v
kmcw. B¿°pw Aafn ]nW-bm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n "sFlnI PohnXw h©-\-
bpsS hn`-hw˛ AYhm I≈-®-c-°v˛ am{X-am-Wv.' (Qhô¨dG ´Éàe ’EG É«f~dG IÉ«◊G Éeh) Fs∂mcp
Xm°oXpw A√mlp \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. t]mcm, ]m]-tam-N-\hpw {]oXnbpw A\p-
`-hn-°p-hm≥ apt∂m´v hc-W-sa∂v hm¬k-ey-]q¿∆w XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-Øn¬
£Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p:˛
!21! \nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-
hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-
te-°pw, Hcp kz¿K-Øn-te°pw
ap≥I-S-∂p-h-cp-hn≥! AXns‚ [B
kz¿K-Øns‚] hnkvXmcw BIm-i-
Øn- s ‚- b pw, `qan- b p- s Sbpw
hnkvXmcw t]mse-bm-Ip∂p;
4788
A√m- l p- h n- e pw, Ahs‚
dkq-ep-I-fnepw hniz-kn-®-h¿°p-
th≠n AXv Xøm-dm-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-
∂p. AXv, A√m-lp-hns‚ Zb-h-s{X.
Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v AX-h≥
sImSp-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hm-I-s´, al-
Ømb Zb-hp-≈-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
!21! ap≥I-S-°p-hn≥, aptºm´v hcn≥, a¬k-cn®p hcp-hn≥

]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-te°v \nß-fpsS d∫n-¶¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp
kz¿K-Øn-te°pw AXns‚ hnkvXm-cw, hnim-e-X, hoXn
BIm-i-Øns‚ hnkvXmcw t]mse-bmWv `qan-bp-sSbpw AXv
Hcp° (X-øm-dm-°)-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p hniz-kn-®-h¿°v A√m-lp-
hn¬ Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fnepw AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ Zbhv
(A-\p-{K-lw)-B-Ip∂p Ah-\Xv sImSp-°p-∂p, \¬Ipw Ah≥
Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v A√mlp Zb-hp-≈-h-\m-Wv al-Ømb
kz¿Kw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv tIhew Hcp hºn® sIń-Stam henb
tXm´tam A√. AXv BIm-i-`q-an-I-tfmfw hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ AXn-hn-im-e-amb
Hcp alm-tem-I-am-Ip-∂p. {]kvXpX kz¿Kob PohnXw e`n-°p-hm-\pw, AXn¬
{]th-i\w e`n-t°-≠-Xn\v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ ]m]-tam-N\w hgn
A¿lX t\Sp-hm\pw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Rm≥ apºn-em-h-W-sa∂ Bth-i-
tØmsS aptºm-´p-h-cWw F∂v A√mlp D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. AYhm AXn-\mbn
A√mlphns\bpw dkq- e n- s \bpw A\p- k - c n- ® p- s Im≠v k¬°¿a- ß ƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw, Zpjv°¿a-ßƒ shSn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - n¬ Aam¥w hcp-
ØmsX kZm D¬kp-I-cm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. kq: Bep-Cw-dm-\n¬
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
(........... Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Hcp-°n-sh-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ \c-IsØ \nßƒ

kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. \nßƒ°v IcpW sNø-s∏-Sp-hm≥th≠n A√m-
lp-hn-s\-bpw, dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. \nß-fpsS d∫n-
¶¬\n-∂p≈ ]m]-tam-N\ - Ø
- n-te-°pw, kz¿K-Øn-te°pw [rXn-s∏-´p-hc
- p-Ibpw
sNøp-hn≥. AXns‚ hnkvXmcw BIm-i-ßfpw `qanbpw (IqSnb-{X) BIp-
∂p. AXv `b-`-‡≥am¿°p-th≠n Hcp-°n-sh-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. (B-ep-Cw-dm≥:
4789
131˛ 133.) XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v `b-`-‡≥amcpsS kz`m-h-Kp-W-ßƒ AhnsS FSp-
Øp-]-d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
A√mam køn-Zv-IzpXzp_v Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se, kz¿K-Øns‚ hnim-
e-X-sb-°p-dn®v Izp¿-B-\nepw lZo-Ynepw ImWp∂ CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ {]kvXm-
h-\-Isf ap≥Im-e-Øv˛ imkv{Xw C∂-sØ-t∏mse hnI-kn-®n-ń-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-
≠v˛ tIhew Nne Ae-¶m-c-{]-tbm-K-ß-fmbn Nne Bfp-Iƒ KWn-®p-h-∂n-cp-
∂p. F∂m¬, D]-cn-bm-Im-i-a-WvU-e-Øns‚ A\-¥-hn-Zq-cX t_m[y-s∏-´p-I-gn-
™n-´p≈ C°m-eØv Cß-s\-bp≈ {]kvXm-h-\-Isf t\¿°p-t\-sc-Øs∂
hne-bn-cp-Øp-hm≥ imkv{X-⁄≥am¿°vt]mepw ssha-\kyw Bh-iy-an-√m-sX-
bm-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
A√m-lp-hnepw dkq-ep-If - nepw hniz-kn-°p-∂h - ¿°p-th-≠n-bmWv kz¿Kw

Xøm-dm-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Cu Bb-Ønepw, `b-`-‡≥am¿°p-th-≠n-bm-
sW∂v Bep-Cw-dm-\nse Bb-Ønepw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®p. \cIw Xøm-dm-
°-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bm-sW∂v Bep-Cw-dm-\nse Bb-Øn-
epw, A¬_-Izdx 24epw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-
fn¬Xs∂ in£m¿l-amb ]m]-ßƒ sNbvX-h-cpsS ÿnXn F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
tNmZn-°-s∏-t´-°mw. B ]m]-ßƒ°v in£ Ah¿ \c-I-Øn¬ sh®v A\p-`-hn-
t°-≠n-h-cn-I-bpw, AX-h-km-\n-®-tijw Ah¿°v imiz-X-amb kz¿Kob PohnXw
\¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]e \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬\n-∂pw hy‡-ambn
Adn-b-s∏-´-Xm-Ip-∂p. Bep-Cw-dm-\nse Bb-Øn¬ "`b-`-‡≥am¿°p-th≠n'
F∂mWv ]d-™n-´p-≈-sX-¶n¬, ChnsS "A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fnepw
hniz-kn-®-h¿°p-th≠n' F∂m-Wt√m ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xpw. At∏mƒ kz¿Kw e`n-
°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ASn-ÿm-\-am-\-ZWvUw kXy-hn-izm-k-am-sW-∂pw, kXy-hn-izmkw
\jvS-s∏-ń-ń-√m-Ø-h¿°v˛-A-h¿ ]m]n-I-fm-sW-¶nepw˛X-ß-fpsS in£m-h-[n-°p-
tijw kz¿Kw e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw-C-Xn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em°mw. kXy-
hn-izmkw (¿ÉÁE’G) F∂Xv hnizm-khpw AX-\p-k-cn-®p≈ {]h¿Ø-\hpw tN¿∂-
Xn\v am{X-ap≈ t]cm-sW∂pw kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-tijw I¿a-]-c-ambn
alm- ] m]w sNbv X - h - s c√mw Ahn- i zm- k n- I - f m- b n- c n- ° p- s a∂pw hmZn- ° p∂
"apAvXknex' apX-emb Nne X¬]-c-I-£n-Iƒ°v am{Xta CXn¬ `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-
ap-≈q. F∂m¬, ¬∏dÉH ¿ÉÁE’G (A-√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°pI F∂v A¿∞w hcp-amdv
Ü F∂ Ahybw tN¿Øv "A¬-Cu-am-\p-_n-√mln') F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXv
a\- p-sIm-≠p≈ hnizm-k-sØ-b-√msX Ipdn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, CXv apAvXkn-
eo-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-bm-sW∂pw Camwdmko (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-
°p∂p. Cu Bb-Ønepw Aßs\ (¬dƒ°SQh ¬∏dÉH) F∂v Xs∂-bm-Wt√m D≈-Xpw.
(kq: kpa¿ 53 -s‚-bpw, kq: lpPp-dmØv 14- s‚bpw hnh-c-W-ßfpw t\m°p-I.)
as‰mcp kwK-Xnbpw Cu hN-\-Øn¬\n∂pw a‰p Nne hN-\-ß-fn¬\n-
∂p-ambn a\- n-em-°mw. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v kz¿Kw \¬Ip-∂Xv A√mlphns‚-
ta¬ \n¿_-‘-ap-≈-tXm, Ah-t\mSv tlan-®p-hm-ßp-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-s∏-´tXm
4790
A√. AsX, "AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ Zb-hm-Wv. Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v AX-
h≥ sImSp- ° p- ∂ p. A√mlp al- Ø mb Zb- h p- I m- c - \ m- I p- ∂ p'.¬∏dG π° a ∂dP)
(ïdG AÉ°ûj øe ¬«JDƒj \_n ˜ ]d-bp∂p: "\nß-fn¬ Hcm-sf-bpw˛ Fs∂bpw Xs∂˛
Xs‚ I¿aw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-∏n°p-I-bn-√, Ahs\ \c-I-Øn¬\n∂v c£n-
°p-I-bp-an-√, A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wyw-sIm-≠-√m-sX.' (ap) CXv-t]mse _pJm-
cn-bpsS lZo-Ynepw ImWmw. k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNbvX-h¿°v kz¿Kw \¬Ip-sa-
∂pw, in£-bn¬\n∂v c£-In´psa∂pw A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv
icn-bm-Wv. AX-h≥ XnI®pw \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXv Xs‚ _m[y-X-bm-
sW∂pw A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ kwi-bta C√. F∂m¬, a\p-
jy≥ sNøp∂ I¿a-ßƒ \ap°v Adn-bm-hp-∂tXm A√m-ØtXm Bb Imc-W-
ßfm¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ Hcp ]t£, kzoIm-cy-ambns√∂v hcmw. AXp-
sIm- ≠ mWv "Rß- f psS c£n- X mth Rß- f n¬\n∂v kzoI- c n- t °- W ta'
(Éæe πÑ≤J ÉæHQ) F∂-Xp-t]m-ep≈ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ \mw sNøp-∂-Xpw, sNtø-≠n-h-∂-
Xpw. am{X-a-√, temI-{k-jvSmhpw ]cn-]m-e-I-\p-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ A\p-
k-cn®v Pohn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv \Ωp-sS-ta¬ \n¿_-‘-amb Hcp IS-a-bp-am-W-t√m.
F\n, Hcmƒ F{X-Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤-amb PohnXw \bn-®mepw AXv tIhew Hcp
]cn-an-X-amb Af-hnepw Ime-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°p-hmt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. kz¿Ko-bm-
\p-{K-l-ß-fm-I-s´, sFln-I-Po-hn-XsØ AXp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøm≥ t]mepw
km[y-a-√. A{Xbpw hºn-®Xpw Imem-Imew \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. "kz¿K-
Øn¬ Hcp NΩ-ń-bpsS ÿew Cl-tem-I-sØbpw AXn-ep-≈-h-sb-bpw-Imƒ
DØ-a-am-b-XmWv' (_p) F∂s{X \_n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Npcp-°n-]-
d- ™ m¬, k÷- \ - ß ƒ°v A√mlp kz¿Kw \¬Ip- I - b pw, Ahsc \c- I -
Øn¬\n∂v c£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.' F∂m-e-Xv, Ahs‚ hmKvZm-\-sa∂ \ne-
°pw, Ahs‚ HuZm-cy-hpw, Zb-hpw, A\p-{K-lhpw F∂ \ne-°p-am-Wv. Ahs‚
taep≈ \n¿_-‘-I-Sa F∂ \ne-°-√. Ah-t\mSv Ah-Imiw ]dt™m \n¿_-
‘-]q¿∆tam AXv hmßp-hm≥ B¿°pw A¿l-Xbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw, Ignhpw
C√.
!22! `qan-bn-em-Is - ´, \nß-

fn¬ [\nß- f psS tZl- ß - f n¬]
Xs∂-bm-Is´ GsXmcp _m[bpw
(A-Yhm B]-Øpw)˛ \mw AXns\
krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºmbn
AsXmcp (tc-Jm) {KŸ-Øn¬ C√m-
sX˛ _m[n- ° p- I - b n- √ . \n›- b -
ambpw AXv [B tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø¬]
A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n m-c-am-Ip-
∂p.
4791
!23! \nßƒ°v (e-`n-°m-
sX) ]mgm-bn-t∏m-b-Xns‚ t]cn¬
\nßƒ k¶-S-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw,
\nßƒ°v Ah≥ \¬In- b - X n¬
\nßƒ BÀmZw sIm≈m-Xn-cn-°p-
hm\pw th≠n- b s{X (A- ß s\
sNbvX-Xv). Zpc-`n-am-\n-bm-b, s]mß-
®-°m-c-\mb F√m-h-scbpw [Hcm-
sfbpw] A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√.
24! AXm-b-Xv, ]nip°v
ImWn-°p-Ib
- pw, ]nip°v ImWn-°p-
hm≥ a\p-jy-tcmSv I¬]n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-hsc. Bsc-¶nepw ]n≥Xn-
cn™p t]mIp-∂-]-£w, \n›-b-
ambpw A√mlp [\y\pw
kvXpXy¿l-\p-a-s{X.
22! _m[n-°p-I-bn√ Hcp _m[-bpw, B]Øpw

(X-s∂) `qan-bn¬ \nß-fpsS tZl-ß-fnepw (\n-ß-fn¬
Xs∂-bpw) C√ Hcp {KŸ-Øn¬ (tc-J-bn¬) C√msX
apºmbn AXns\ \mw krjvSn-°p-∂-Xns‚ \n›-b-ambpw
AXv A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n m-ca - mWv !23!
- m-Wv, Ffp-∏a
\nßƒ k¶-S(-hy-k\
- )-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n bmsXm-∂ns‚ t]cn¬
\nßƒ°v ]mgmbn (H-gn-hm-bn)t∏mb \nßƒ BÀmZw (k-
t¥m-jw) sIm≈m-sXbpw Ah≥ \nßƒ°v \¬In-b-Xn¬, X∂-
Xp-sIm≠v A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√, kvt\ln-°p-I-bn√
F√m (Hm-tcm) s]mß-®-°m-cs\ (A-l-¶m-cn-sb˛ ]{Xmkp Im´p-∂-h-s\)bpw
Zpc-`n-am-\n-bm-b, s]cp-a-\-Sn-°p-∂-h\pw !24! AXm-bXv
]nip°v ImWn-°p-∂-h¿ I¬]n-°pI (D-]-tZ-in-°p-I)bpw sNøp∂
a\p-jy-tcm-Sv, a\p-jysc ]nip°v (ep-_v[v) ImWn-°p-∂-Xn\v
Bsc-¶nepw Xncn-™p-t]m-bm¬ F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw
A√mlp Ah≥ [\y≥, A\m-{i-b-\m-Ip∂p kvXpXy¿l-\m-
b, kvXpXn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\mWv
4792
`qan-bntem a\p-jy-cntem _m[n-°p∂ tcmKw, £maw XpS-ßnb
GsXmcp _m[bpw AXv cq]w-sIm-≈p-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ Hcp tcJm-{K-Ÿ-
Øn¬ A√mlp tcJ-s∏-SpØn sh°m-Ø-Xm-bn-ń√ F∂v Cu hN-\-Øn¬
A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "GsXmcp _m[bpw' (áÑ«°üe øe) F∂
hm°n¬ sNdp-tXm, heptXm, s]mXp-hm-b-tXm, {]tXy-I-am-btXm Bb F√m-
Xcw _m[-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. F√mw A√mlp ap≥Iqń tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-
s≠∂v hcp-tºmƒ, Hmtcm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºp-X-s∂˛ AXv C∂n-
∂-{]-Im-c-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v˛ A√mlp icn°pw Adn-™n-cn-°p-sa∂pw
\n¿W-bn-®n-cn-°p-sa∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. Ckvemanse auen-I-{]-[m-\-amb hnizm-
k-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fn¬ H∂s{X CXv. CXn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv A√m-lp-hns‚ "IzZzm˛
IzZvdn'ep≈ (hn-[n-hy-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≈) hnizmkw F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
ÉgCGÈf ¿CG πÑb øe (\mw AXns\ krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv) F∂
hm°n¬ "AXns\' (ÉgC) F∂ k¿∆-\maw (Òª°V) sIm≠p-t±iyw AXn-\p-apºv
]d-b-s∏´ "_m[' (áÑ«°üe) Bbn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv IqSp-X¬ km[y-X. F¶nepw,
AXv "`qan' (¢VQC’G)sb Dt±-in-t®m, As√-¶n¬ "\nß-fpsS tZl-ßsf' (ºµ°ùØfCG)
Dt±-int®m Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw hntcm-[-an-√. Cu aq∂n¬ GsXm-∂m-bn-cp-
∂mepw hnj-b-Øn¬ am‰w t\cn-Sp-hm\n√. Imc-Ww, AXXv _m[-Iƒ cq]w-
sIm-≈p-∂-Xn\v apºm-bm-epw, `qansb krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºm-bm-epw, a\p-
jysc krjvSn°p∂-Xn\v apºm-bm-epw˛ GXm-bmepw icn˛ t\csØ Hcp
{KŸ-Øn¬ Ahsb tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-°-gn-™-Xns‚ tijta Hmtcm _m[bpw
ChnsS _m[n-°p-∂p≈q F∂v kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. F√m Imcyhpw A√mlp
ap≥Iqń Adn-bp-sa-∂pw, Hmtcm∂pw C∂n-∂-{]-Imcw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥
ap≥Iqń \n¿W-bn-®n-cn-°p-sa∂pw ]d-bp-tºmƒ, AXv bp‡n-hm-Z° - m-cmb Bfp-
Iƒ°pw, A√m-lp-hn-ep-ff hnizmkw ]q¿W-am-bn-ń-√m-Ø-h¿°pw am{Xta
Zln-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. ]t£, A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw
AsXmcp {]bm-k-s∏-´tXm Kuc-h-s∏-´tXm A√. \n mcw am{X-am-Ip-∂p.
Ò°ùj ¬∏dG ≈∏Y ∂dP ¿G
Cßs\ ap≥Iqń tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥n-\vth-≠n-bmWv?

As√-¶n¬ Cu hkvXpX P\-ßsf Adn-bn-®Xv F¥n-\p-th-≠n-bmWv? AXn-
\p≈ adp-]-Sn-bmWv A√mlp XpS¿∂v ]d-™Xv:ºcÉJCG ÉÃ GƒMôØJ ’h ºµJÉa Ée ≈∏Y Gƒ°SCÉJ Ó«µd
(\n-ßƒ°v ]mgm-bn˛ In´m-sX˛ t]mb-Xns‚ t]cn¬ \nßƒ k¶-S-s∏-Sm-Xn-
cn-°p-hm-\pw, \nßƒ°-h≥ \¬In-bX - ns‚ t]cn¬ \nßƒ BÀmZw sIm≈m-
Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw th≠n.) AsX, F√mw A√m-lp IW-°m-°n-b-Xm-sW-∂-dn-
™m¬, \jvSw _m[n-°p-∂-Xns‚ t]cn¬ k¶-S-Øn\pw \ncm-i°pw Ah-
Im-ia - n-√. AXp-t]m-se-Øs
- ∂, t\´w e`n-°p-∂X- ns‚ t]cn¬ BÀm-ZØ - n\pw
Al-¶m-c-Øn\pw Ah-Im-i-an-√. \jvS-Øn¬ £a-bpw, kam-[m-\hpw, t\´-
Øn¬ \µnbpw kt¥m-jhpw kzoI-cn-°m-a-t√m, F∂m¬, Xn∑-_m-[n-°p-
4793
tºmƒ \ncm-i-bpw, \∑-_m-[n-°p-tºmƒ Al-¶m-chpw a\p-jys‚ Hcp kz`m-
h-am-Wv. Izp¿-B≥ CXn-s\-∏‰n ]e-t∏mgpw {]kvXm-hn-°m-dp-≠v. A√m-lp-
hns‚ hn[n hyh-ÿ-bn-ep≈ ZrV-hn-izm-kw-sImt≠ Cu kz`m-h-Øn¬\n∂v
a\p-jy\v c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. CIvcnax (d) ]d™ Hcp hmIyw
ChnsS {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip∂p: "kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw hyk-\n-°p-Ibpw sNømØ
Hcm-fp-an-√. ]t£, \nßƒ kt¥mjw \µn-bpw, hyk\w £abpw B°n-
s°m-≈p-I.'
h√ \∑tbm t\´tam kn≤n-°p-tºmƒ AXv Xs‚ tbmKy-X-
sImt≠m kma¿∞yw-sImt≠m {]h¿Ø\w sImt≠m e`n-°p-∂X - m-sW-∂pw,
Xm\-Xn\v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-h-\m-sW∂pw a‰p-ap≈ [mc-W-I-fn¬\n-∂mWv Zpc-
`n-am-\hpw Al-¶m-chpw D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. F√mw A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂pw,
Ahs‚ \n›-b-{]-Im-c-hp-amWv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ e`n-°p-∂-Xv, Xm≥ h√Xpw
{]h¿Øn-®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv tIhew _mly-amb Hcp ImcWw am{X-am-Wv,
B {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p≈ km≤yX e`n-®Xpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Xs∂-bmWv
F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂mWv \µnbpw Iqdpw D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-I.
At∏mƒ, A√mlp Xß-ƒ°v [\w \¬In-b-Xn¬ Al-¶mcw sIm≈p-Ibpw
AXv th≠hnj-b-Øn¬ Nne-hm-°m≥ Iq´m-°msX ]nip°v ]nSn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-h¿ ta¬]-d™ [mc-W-Iƒ sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Hcm-
fn¬ Hcp NoØ kz`mhw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ B kz`mhw a‰p-≈-h-cnepw D≠m-
bn-°m-Wm≥ Ah\v B{K-l-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-amWv. AXn-\m¬,
a‰p-≈-hcpw Xs∂-t∏mse ]nip-°≥am-cm-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ Ah≥ {iaw \S-Øpw.
Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ, ]nip-°≥am-cpsS sX‰p-Iƒ ]e-Xm-bn-°m-Wmw. Zpc-`n-
am- \ n- b mb˛s]mß- ® - ° m- c - \ mb Hcm- s fbpw A√mlp Cjv S s∏Sp- ∂ n√
Qƒîa ∫Éàfl ∫c Öëj ’ ¬∏dG ¿EG F∂v samØ-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-ti-jw, ]nip-°p-Im-
Wn-°p-Ibpw P\-ß-tfmSv ]nip-°p-Im-Wn-°p-hm≥ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-h¿ (πîÑdÉH ¢SÉædG ¿hôeCÉjh ¿ƒ∏îÑj øjòdG) F∂v {]tXyIw FSpØv ]d-™n-´p-≈-
Xn¬ \n∂v ta¬ kqNn-∏n® hkvXp-X-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂p-
sIm≠v Al-¶m-cn-I-fpsS Al-¶mcw \nan-Øtam ]nip-°≥am-cpsS ]nip-°v-
\n-an-Øtam Ah¿°-√msX A√mlphn\v bmsXmcp \jvShpw ]‰m-\n-s√∂v
A√m-lp Ah¿°v \s√mcp Xm°oXpw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu kqdØv Ah-km-\n® DSs\ "IzZzm˛ IzZdn's\ kw_-‘n®v
hni-Z-amb Hcp hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v tN¿°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Cu (22, 23) Bb-
Øp-I-fnse Bi-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v AXn¬ hnkvX-cn®v ]d-bp-∂-Xv-sIm≠pw
ChnsS IqSp-X¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂n√. hnj-b-Øns‚ \m\m-h-i-ßfpw X¬]-c-I-
£n-I-fpsS \ymb-hm-Z-ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn-Ifpw th≠{X sXfn-hp-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn
AXn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ¬q∏dG AÉn°T ¿
r GE . B Ipdn∏v F√m-hcpw a\- n-cpØn
]Tn-°-W-sa∂v {]tXyIw D]-tZ-in-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.
4794
"25! Xo¿®-bm-bpw, \ΩpsS
dkq-ep-Isf hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ
klnXw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. a\p-jy¿
\oXn-ap-d-b-\p-k-cn®v \ne-sIm-≈p-
hm≥th≠n Ah-tcm-sSm∏w \mw thZ-
{K-Ÿ-hpw, (\o-Xn-bm-Ip-∂) Xpem- pw
Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
Ccpºv \mw Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. AXn¬ ITn-\-amb Btbm-[-\-
i-‡n-bpw, P\-ßƒ°v ]e D]-tbm-
K-ßfpw D≠v. (Iq-Sm-sX) A√m-lp-hn-
s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq- e p- I - s fbpw
AZr-iy-am-b-\n-e-bn¬ klm-bn-°p-
∂Xv Bcm-sW∂v Ah≥ Adn-bp-
hm\pw th≠n-bm-Ip∂p (A-Xv). \n›-
b-ambpw A√mlp i‡\pw {]Xm-]-
im-en-bp-am-Wv.
!25! Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p≠v \ΩpsS dkq-ep-

Isf hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ah-tcm-sSm-∏w \mw
Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp {KŸw Xpem pw \ne-sIm-≈p-
hm≥ th≠n a\p-jy¿ \oXn-apd A\p-k-cn®v \mw Cd-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp Ccpºv AXn-ep≠v (bp-≤) i‡n (B-tbm-[-\-i-
‡n), iqcX ITn-\-am-b, i‡-amb D]-tbm-K-ßfpw a\p-
jy¿°v -A-√mlp Adn-bp-hm\pw Ahs\ klm-bn-°p-∂-h-
sc, klm-bn-°p-∂-Xm-cm-sW∂v Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-sfbpw AZr-
iy-amb \ne-bn¬ \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp i‡-\m-Ip∂p {]Xm-
]-im-en-bmWv
a\p-jy-k-ap-Zmbw \oXnbpw s\dnbpw A\p-k-cn®v \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-
Xn-\m-h-iy-amb sXfn-hp-Ifpw e£y-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw klnXw
thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpw, \oXn-bpsS am\-Z-WvU-ßfpw \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-am-Ip∂
Xpem- p-Ifpw sIm≠mWv Hmtcm ImeØpw A√mlp Ahs‚ ZqX≥amsc
Ab-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n´v ]ns∂bpw Ipg-∏-Øn\pw A{I-a-Øn\pw apXn-cp-∂-
hsc _ew-{]-tbm-Kn®p HXp-°n-\n-dp-tØ-≠X
- n\v th≠p∂ D]m-[n-Ifpw Ah≥
G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. AXs{X, C-cpºv. Btbm-[-\-th-f-bn¬ Ccp-ºns‚ D]-
tbmKw ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. bp≤-Øn-epw, {]Xn-tcm-[-Ønepw am{X-a-√, a\p-
4795
jys‚ \nXym-h-iy-ß-fnepw Ccp-ºns‚ D]-tbmKw [mcmfamWv. CXn-s\-√mw-
Iq-Sn-Ø-s∂-bmWv A√mlp `qan-bn¬ Ccpºv \nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. as‰mcp
Dt±-iyw-IqSn AXn-ep-≠v. A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkq-ep-Ifpw \n¿t±-in-°p∂
\oXn-am¿K-ßƒ°v XS w krjvSn-°p∂ Zp»-‡n-Iƒ°p-t\sc AXns\ D]-
tbm-K-s∏-SpØn Ahsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw, Aßs\,A-√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw
dkq-ep-I-fp-sSbpw ]£sØ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc a‰p-≈-h-
cn¬\n∂v {]Xy-£-Øn¬Xs∂ th¿Xn-cn®p ImWp-I, CXm-W-Xv.
¿Gõ«ŸG (ao-km≥) F∂m¬ Xq°n-°-W-°m-°p-∂-Xv˛ AYhm Xpem- v˛

F∂v hm°¿∞w. kXym-k-Xy-ß-fpw, \ymbm-\ym-b-ßfpw Xq°n-°-W-°m-
°p∂ am\-ZWvUw F∂s{X ChnsS hnh-£. km[-\-ßƒ Xq°n-°-W-°m-
°p-hm-\p≈ km[m-cW Xpem pw B C\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ H∂p-X-s∂.
¢SCÉH(_-Avkv) F∂m¬ "i‡n, ka-c-i-‡n, [oc-X, `bw' Fs∂m-s°-bm-
W¿∞w. bp≤-th-f-bn¬ {]I-S-am-Ip∂ i‡nbpw [oc-X-bp-am-Wn-hnsS Dt±-
iyw. AZr-iy-amb \ne-bn¬ klm-bn-°pI F∂v ]d-™X - ns‚ Dt±-iyw, A√m-
lp-hns\ t\cn¬ ImWm-sX-Øs∂ Ah-s\˛ Ahs‚ am¿K-sØ˛ klm-bn-
°pI F∂m-bn-cn-°mw. As√-¶n¬, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-ep-I-sfbpw klm-
bn-°pI F∂ Dt±iyw a\- n¬sh-®p-sIm≠v klm-bn-°pI F∂pw Bhmw.
a\- nse Dt±iyw ]pdsa Zriy-am-Ip-I-bn-√-t√m. Cu c≠v {]Im-c-Ønepw
ChnsS hymJym\w \¬I-s∏-´p-Im-Wmw.º∏YG ¬q∏dG
a\p-jy-k-ap-Zmbw \oXn-ap-d-sX-d-dmsX \ne-sIm-≈p-hm≥ D]-tZ-i-
ßfpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw am{Xw aXn-bm-tb°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, AXn-\p-th≠n Nne-
t∏mƒ _ehpw {]tbm-Kn-t°-≠n-h-t∂-°p-sa-∂pw, AXn-\p≈ k÷o-I-c-W-
ßƒ Icp-Xn-sh-°p-I-IqSn th≠-Xp-s≠∂pw Cu hN-\-Øn¬ kqN-\-bp-≠v.
dkq-ep-Isf \ntbm-Kn-®-Xns‚ e£yw hnh-cn-®-ti-jw, Ah-cn¬ Nne-sc-∏-
‰nbpw, Ah-cpsS ZuXy-^-e-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw ASp-Ø-h-N-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-
°p∂p:˛
hn`m-Kw˛ 4
!26! \qln-s\-bpw, C_vdm-
lo-an-s\bpw \mw Ab-°p-I-bp-≠m-
bn. c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw k¥-Xn-I-fn¬
{]hm-N-I-Xz-hpw, thZ-{K-Ÿhpw \mw
G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂n´v
Ah-cn¬ k≥am¿Kw {]m]n®hcp≠v;
Ah-cn¬ hf-sc-t∏¿ Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cp-
am-Ip-∂p.
4796
!27! ]n∂oSv Ah-cpsS ]nd-
In-embn \ΩpsS ZqX≥amsc \mw
XpS¿∂- b - ® p. a¿bans‚ ]p{X≥
Cukm-sbbpw XpS¿∂-b®p; At±-l-
Øn\v \mw "C≥Poepw', [kphn-tij
{KŸhpw] \¬In. At±- l sØ
]n≥]-‰n-bh- c- psS lrZ-bß
- f
- n¬ Ir]-
bpw, Icp-Wbpw \mw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hcp (X- c w) k\ym- k - P o-
hnXw Ah¿ \qX-\-am-bp-≠m-°n.
A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnsb tXtS-≠-
Xn\v (A-hc - Xv sNbvXp) F∂-√msX,
Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ \maXv \nb-an-®n-ń-√.
F∂m¬, AXv ]men-t°≠ apd-{]-
Imcw AX-h¿ ]men-®n-√.
At∏mƒ, Ah- c n¬\n∂v
hniz-kn-®-h¿°v Ah-cpsS {]Xn-
êw \mw \¬In. Ah-cn¬ hfsc
Bfpw Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cm-Ip-∂p.
!26! Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ab-°-bp-≠mbn \qlns\

C_vdm-lo-an-s\bpw \mw B°pI (G¿s∏-Sp-Øp)-Ibpw sNbvXp
Ah¿ c≠m-fp-sSbpw k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ {]hm-N-I-Xzw, \_n-∏´w
{KŸhpw F∂n´v Ah-cn-ep≠v t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-®-h≥(¿)
Ah-cn¬\n∂v A[n-Iw, hfsc Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cm-Wv, tXm∂n-
b-hm-kn-I-fmWv !27! ]ns∂ \mw XpS¿Øn, (XpS¿∂b-®p)
Ah-cpsS ]nd-In-em-bn, Im¬]m-Sn¬°qSn \ΩpsS dkq-ep-Isf
\mw XpS¿∂-b-°bpw sNbvXp Cukmsb a¿b-ans‚ ]p{X≥
At±-l-Øn\v \mw \¬Ibpw sNbvXp C≥Po¬ (kp-hn-ti-jw)
\mw G¿s∏-Sp-ØpI (D-≠m-°p)-Ibpw sNbvXp bmsXm-
cp-h-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ At±-lsØ ]n≥]-‰nb Ir], Zb Icp-
Wbpw Hcp k\ym-k-sØ, ]utcm-ln-XysØ Ah-cXv \ho-
\-am-bp-≠m-°n, ]pØ-\mbn \n¿an®p AXns\ \mw \nb-an-®n-ń-√,
4797
\n¿_-‘n-®n-ń√ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ tXSp-∂-Xn-\-√m-sX, At\z-jn-
°-e√
- msX A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn, s]mcpØw F∂m-eX
- ns\
Ah¿ ]men-®n√, kq£n-®n-√, ]cn-K-Wn-®n√ AXns\ ]men-t°≠
apd-{]-Imcw At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬) \mw sImSpØp hniz-kn-®-
h¿°v Ah-cn¬\n∂v Xß-fp-sS {]Xn-êw Ah-cn¬ A[n-
I-hpw, hfsc tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fm-Wv, Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cmWv
]q¿h {]hm-NI - ≥am-cn¬ {][m-\n-If
- mb c≠v {]hm-NI - h
- c
- y≥am-cmWv
\qlv \_n (A)-bpw, C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpw. {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw thZ-
{K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚bpw ]mc-ºcyw \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-∂Xv Ah-cpsS k¥-Xn-Iƒ hgn-
bm-Wv. \qlv (A)s‚ P\X apßn \in-°p-I-bpw, At±-lhpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-
Ifpw c£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX kw`hw hnh-cn-®-tijw A√mlp Cßs\
]d-bp∂p:ÚbÉÑdG ºg ¬àjQP Éæ∏©Lh(A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ k¥-Xn-sb-Øs∂ \mw Ah-ti-
jn-°p-∂-h-cm-°n. (kzm-^v^mØv: 77.) At∏mƒ, ]n∂oSv C_vdmlow \_n
(A)-bpsS Imew-h-sc-bp≈ {]hm-N-I≥am¿ At±-l-Øns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬s]-
´-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. C_vdmlow \_n (A)-° p-tijw Adn-b-s∏-ń-´p≈ {]hm-
N-I≥amsc√mw At±-l-Øns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬s]-´-h-cp-am-Wv. \ap°v Adn-b-
s∏-SmØ {]hm-N-I≥amcpw Aß-s\-Øs∂ Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv Cu hN-\-
Øn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. ChnsS c≠v {]hm-N-I-
h-cy≥amscbpw tN¿Øp-sIm≠v "Ah-cpsS c≠m-fp-sSbpw k¥-Xn-Iƒ' (Éª¡àjQP)
F∂s{X ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kq: A≥I-_qØv 27 ¬ C_vdmlow \_n
(A)sb am{Xw Nq≠n-s°m≠v "At±-l-Øns‚ k¥-Xn-bn¬ \mw {]hm-N-
IXzw G¿s∏-SpØn' (IƒÑædG ¬àjQP ‘ Éæ∏©Lh) F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu c≠v {]hm-NI ]nXm-°ƒ°v-tijw Ah-cn¬ XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc
{]hm-N-I≥am¿ D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw Ah-cpsS k¥n-I-sf√mw
Ah¿ {]t_m-[\w sNbvX t\¿am¿Kw kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ipsd `mKw
t\¿am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-®p-sh-¶nepw A[n-I-am-fp-Iƒ Zp¿am¿Kn-Iƒ Xs∂-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. CXm-bn-cp∂p ]q¿h-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS s]mXp-\n-e. ]q¿h\-_n-am-cn¬
Ah-km-\sØ Bƒ Cukm \_n (A)-bm-W-t√m. \ne-hn-ep≈ aX-k-ap-Zm-
b-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw henb P\X C∂pw {]Xy-£-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ kap-
Zm-b-amb {InkvXym-\n-IƒX-s∂. {InkvXob kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ BZy-L-´-Øn¬
Ah¿ Xß-fpsS {]hm-N-Is‚ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n≥]-‰n-t]m-∂p-sh-¶n-epw˛ 16-˛mw
hN-\-Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se˛ Ime-{I-a-Øn¬ Ahcpw Zpjn-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw,
kXy-Øn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kap-Zm-bsØ
kw_-‘n®v Nne \ncq-]-W-ß-fmWv 27-˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv.
(1) "Cukm \_n (A)sb ]n≥]-‰n-b-h-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ A√mlp
Ir]bpw Icp-Wbpw G¿s∏-SpØn (áªMQh áaCGQ √ƒ©ÑJG øjòdG Üƒ∏b ‘ Éæ∏©Lh) AsX, kq:
4798
˜
"^Xvln'¬ \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS kzlm-_n-I-sf-∏‰n º¡æ«H AÉªMQ(A-h¿
XΩn¬ Icp-W-bp-≈-h-cm-Ip-∂p) F∂v ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, Ahcpw ]c-kv]cw
kvt\l-Øn-epw, Zb-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Ign-™p-Iq-Sn. km[p-Z-b, Zo\-ip-{iq-j,
]c-kv]c- k
- l- mbw BZn-bmb hnj-bß - f- n¬ Cukm (A) Ahsc i‡n-bmbn
D]-tZ-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv Ncn{X {]kn-≤-am-Wv. Cu KpW-ßƒ Ipsd-
sbms° C∂pw {InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Cukm (A)s‚
{]tXyI injy-K-W-ß-fmb At∏m-kvX-e≥am¿ (¿ƒjQGƒ◊G) XpSßn Ct∂m-f-ap≈
{InkvXob anjy-\-dn-am-cpw˛ a‰p-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ sIm≈-cp-Xmbva ]eXpw Ah-cn¬
Ds≠-¶n-epw˛ Cu ]mc-ºcyw Xmc-X-tay\ \ne-\n-dp-Øn-h-cp-∂p. Hcp kap-Zm-b-
Øns‚ \ne-\n¬∏n-\pw, A`n-hr-≤n°pw CsX-{X-am{Xw Bh-iy-am-sW∂v _p≤n-
bp≈ Bscbpw ]d-™-dn-bn-t°-≠-Xn-√. C∂sØ apkvenw kap-Zmbw Cu hnj-
b-Øn¬ Atß-A‰w hyk-\-I-c-amb Hc-h-ÿ-bn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. Ah-cpsS A[x-]-
X-\-Øn-\p≈ Hcp {][m\ ImcWw AXm-Wp-Xm-\pw. »µà°ûŸG ¬∏dG ¤EGh
(2) Hcp k\ym-k-Po-hnXw Ah¿ ]pXp-Xmbn \n¿an®p (ÉgƒY~àHG á«fÉÑgQh).
{InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ ]e Zpcm-Nm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw D¤-h-ÿm\w CXm-
Ip-∂p. ùXn-I-kp-J-ßsf Dt]-£n®v [ym\-Ønepw Bcm-[-\-bnepw apgpInbncn-
°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ Bcw-`w. hnhmlw Ign-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, IpSpw-_-
Po-hnXw Dt]-£n-°p-I, `£W]m\o-b-ßƒ h¿÷n-°p-I, P\-ß-fp-ambn
kº¿°-an-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I, Nne {]tXyI thjw kzoI-cn-°p-I, hnP-\-{]-tZ-iØv
Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-I, sNdnb sN‰-°p-Sn-ep-I-fn¬ Poh-]-cy¥w X]- n-cn-°p-I, au\-
{hXw kzoI-cn-°pI apX-em-b-h-sb√mw ]n∂oSv AXns‚ LS-Imw-i-ß-fmbn ]cn-
W-an-®-Xm-Ip-∂p. Cu IpSp- mb PohnX k{º-Zmbw kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Nne
{InkvXym-\n-Iƒ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-hp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂v ]d-bmw. PqX≥am-cn¬
\n∂pw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw CS-°m-eØv Ah¿ ]e bmX-\-Ifpw
A\p-`h- n-t°-≠n-h∂- Xv \nanØw Xß-fpsS aX-kn-≤m-¥a - \
- p-kc
- n®v Pohn-°p-hm≥
Ah¿°v {]bmkw t\cn-´p. At∏mƒ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS aX-hn-izm-ksØ kwc-
£n-°p-hm-\mbn ImSp-I-bdn acWwhsc `P-\-an-cn-°p-hm≥ an\-s°-Sp-I-bm-bn.-
{ItaW apºn-√mØ ]e D]m-[n-Ifpw AtXm-Sp-Iq-ń-t®¿°pIbpw sNbvXp. Cu
hkvXpX {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ s]mXp-hn¬ kΩ-Xn-°p-hm≥ Iq´m-°p-Ib - n-s√-¶nepw
Nne {InkvXo-b-]-WvUn-X≥am¿ Xpd∂v kΩ-Xn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. (*)
(*) {InkvXz_vZw 1883 ¬ CuPn-]vXn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-cp∂

á°ù«æµdG ïjQÉJ ‘ á°ù«ØædG I~jôÿG (N¿®ns‚ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ hne-tb-dnb Hcp apØv)
F∂ {KŸ-Øns‚ H∂mw ]Xn-∏n¬ CXv Xpd∂v {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
CXns‚ I¿Ømhv køn-Zm-_¿aq-knse {InkvXo-b-a-T-Ønse ]mXn-cn-bm-
Wv. {InkvXz_vZw 3 ˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ A¥y-Øn¬ k©m-cn-bmb ]ueqkv
( íFÉ°U ¢ùdƒH) F∂ BfmWv cmP-a¿±\w `b∂v k\ym-k-Po-hnXw \S-∏n¬ hcp-
Øn-b-sX∂v At±lw AXn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. …hÉ£æ£dG ï«°û∏d ôgGƒ÷G Ò°ùØJ
4799
Nne lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \n∂vXs∂ CXv a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
C_v\p-a-kv-DuZv (d)¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øns‚
Npcp°w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂p: "CkvdmCu¬ k¥-Xn-Iƒ Fgp-]-Øn-c≠v kwL-
ambn ]ncn-™p. AXn¬ aq∂p-Iq-´¿ am{Xta c£-s∏-ń-´p-≈q. Cukm \_n
(A)-°p-tijw Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ cmPm-°-fp-sS-bpw, tkz—m-[n-]-Xn-I-fp-
sSbpw apºn¬ sN∂v aX-Øn-te°v £Wn-®p. Ah-cp-ambn bp≤w \S-∂p.
AXn¬ Ah¿ sIm√-s∏-Sp-Ibpw £a ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aßs\
(A-√m-lp-hn-¶¬) Ah¿ c£-s∏-´p. as‰mcp Iq´¿°v bp≤-Øn\v Ign-hp-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahcpw aX-Øn-te°v £Wn-®p. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-
bpw, Dfn-hmƒsIm-≠v s]mfn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xo sIm≠v Icn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Ahcpw c£-s∏-´p. thsdmcp hn`m-K-Øn\v bp≤-Øn-\m-I-s´, \oXn-
b-\p-k-cn®v \ne-sIm-≈phm-\m-Is´ Ign-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah¿ ae-I-
fn¬t]mbn Bcm-[-\-bnepw k\ym-k-Ønepw G¿s∏-´p. Ch-sc-∏-‰n-bmWv
"Ah¿ Hcp k\ym-k-Po-hnXw ]pXp-Xmbn \n¿an-®p-≠m°n' F∂v A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xv.' (ìQ- ôjôL øHGh ”ÉM »HCG øHG)
Hcp kap-Zm-bØ
- n¬\n-∂pw, ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-If - psS kΩ¿±-Øn¬ \n∂p-
amWv k\ymk Pohn-X-Øns‚ XpS°w F∂v CXn¬ \ns∂ms° a\- n-em-
°mw. ]t£, AXv A√mlp I¬]n-®tXm \nb-an-®tXm A√. Ah¿ kzbw
\n¿an-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. (º¡«∏Y ÉgÉæÑàc Ée ÉgƒY~àHG) CXmWv Ch-cn¬ h∂ H∂m-
asØ A_-≤w. XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-amb ¬∏dG ¿Gƒ°VQ AÉ¨àHG ’EG (A-√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn
tXSp-∂-Xn-\-√m-sX) F∂ hmIy-Øn\v c≠v {]Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym\w \¬I-
s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.
(1) A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnsb tXSn-s°m≠v am{X-am-W-h¿ AXv \n¿an-
®p-≠m-°n-b-Xv. as‰mcp Dt±-iy-Øn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂pw,
(2) A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnsb (I-gn-h-\p-k-cn-®v) tXS-W-sa-∂-√m-sX,

Hcp k\ym-k-Po-hnXw ssIs°m-≈-W-sa∂v A√mlp \nb-an-®n-ń√ F∂pw.
c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, CXv aptJ\ aX-Øn¬ C√mØ Hcp I¿i\ \S-]Sn
kzbw \n¿_-‘-am-°n-Øo¿°p-I-bpw, Aß-s\, aX-Øn¬ AXn-cp-I-hn-bp-I-
bp-amWv Ah¿ sNbvX-Xv. Cukm (A)sb kw_-‘n-®p-t]mepw Cu AXn-cp-
I-hn-®-emWv {InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬ kw`-hn-®-Xv. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS \_n-
sb˛ a‰v Nne kap-Zm-b-ßfpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Ønse ]ng® Nne Bfp-
Ifpw sNøp-∂-Xv-t]m-se˛ Hcn-°epw CSn®v XmgvØn-bn-ń-√. F∂m¬ AXn-
s\-°mƒ hºn® A]-cm-[-amWv Ah¿ sNbvX-Xv. Ah¿ At±-lsØ
ssZhtam ssZh-]p-{Xt\m B°n-Øo¿Øp. CsX√mw Imc-W-am-bn-´mWv
ºµæjO ‘ Gƒ∏¨J ’ ÜÉàµdG πgCG Éj (th-Z-°m-tc, \nßƒ \nß-fpsS aX-Øn¬ AXn-cp-I-
hn-tb≠ F∂v A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xpw 4:171; 5:80)
4800
(3) Dt±iyw \√-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw A√mlp \nb-an-°mØ Hcp
k{º-Zmbw aX-Øn¬ Ah¿ sIń-bp-≠m-°n. F∂m¬, Ah¿ kzbw Gs‰-
SpØ B IrXyw ]men-t°≠ {]Imcw Ah¿ ]men-®pthm? C√. ÉgƒYQ Éªa
É¡àjÉYQ ≥M CXmWv c≠m-asØ sX‰pw hfsc `b-¶-c-amb `hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ°v
CS-bm-°n-b-Xpw. Fs¥√mw hn\-I-fmWv Cu k\ymkw sIm≠v ]n¬Im-eØv
kw`-hn-®-Xpw, C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw F∂-Xn\v Iøpw IW-°p-an-√.
F{Xtbm a\p-jym-bp- p-Iƒ k\ym-kn-aT - a
- m-Ip∂ Imcm-Kr-lØ
- n-\p-≈n¬ Nne-
h-gn-°-s∏-´p. F{Xtbm kv{Xo]p-cp-j≥am¿ cl-kyhpw ]c-ky-hp-ambn hºn®
ZpjvIr-Xy-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-bn. GXv ]m]-ßfpw GXv A{I-a-ßfpw sNømw,
]≈nbnse A—≥am¿ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Itb th≠q F∂m-bn. ]mXn-cn-
am¿ I¬∏n-°p∂ GXv \nb-ahpw aX-\n-b-a-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. Aßs\ ]e-Xpw.
]t£, CØcw Imcy-ß-sf√mw hnkvX-cn®v ]d-bm-sX, hfsc am\y-amb
\nebn¬ Hscm‰ hmN-I-Øn¬ AsX√mw HXp-°n-s°m-≠mWv A√mlp
]d™Xv É¡àjÉYQ ≥M ÉgƒYQ Éªa (A-h-cXv ]men-t°≠ apd-{]-Imcw ]men-®n-√)
F∂v. Xß-fpsS ad s]mfn-°msX Imcyw Xpd∂v ImWn® Cu Xncp-hm-Iy-
Øns‚ t]cn¬, {InkvXy≥k-ap-Zmbw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Izp¿-B-t\mSv IS-s∏-
ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
k\ym-kw, X]- v, ]utcm-lnXyw F∂n-XymZnsb kw_-‘n®v
Ckvemans‚ \ne F¥m-sW∂v ImWn-°p∂ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ Npcp°w NneXv
ChnsS Hm¿an-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
1) A\kv (d) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ Hcp lZo-Yns‚ kmcw: aq∂v kzlm-
_n-Iƒ \_n bpsS ]Xv\n-am-cpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂v Ahn-SpsØ Bcm-[-\- ˜
I-sf-∏‰n At\z-jn®v hnh-c-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ AXv tIhew Ipd-™-tXm-Xn-em-
sW∂v Ah¿°v tXm∂n. \mapw \_nbpw XΩn¬ F{Xtbm Zqc-ap≠v! Ahn-
SpsØ ap≥I-gn™ ]m]-ßfpw ]n∂o-Sp-≠m-Ip∂ ]m]-ßfpw s]mdp-°-s∏-ń-
cn-°p-∂p-ht√m F∂v Ah¿ ]d-™p. Ah-cn¬ Hcmƒ Cßs\ \n›-bn®p:
F∂m¬ Rm≥, Znh-tk\ cm{Xn apgp-h≥ \a-kvI-cn-°pw, Dd-ßp-I-bn-√. as‰-
bmƒ, Rm≥ F√m Znh-khpw t\mºp-]n-Sn-°pw, apdn-°-bn-√. aq∂m-a≥: Rm≥
kv{XoI-fn¬ \n∂v AI∂v \n¬°pw, hnhmlw Ign-°-bn-√. Cu hnhcw
Adn™p Xncp-ta\n Ah-tcmSv Cßs\ ]d™p: "\nß-fmtWm C∂n∂
{]Imcw ]d-™-h¿? Adn-t™°q: A√m-lp-hns\ Xs∂-bmW! \nß-sf-
°mfpw A√m-lp-hns\ t]Sn-°p-∂-h\pw \nß-sf-°mfpw Ah-t\mSv `‡n-bp-
≈-h-\p-amWv Rm≥. ]t£, Rm≥ (sF-—n-I-am-b) t\mºp-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw apdn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. (sF-—n-I-am-b) \a-kv°mcw \n¿∆-ln-°p-Ibpw Dd-ßp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Rm≥ kv{XoIsf hnhmlw Ign-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬,
Bsc-¶nepw Fs‚ Ncy-hn´v (a‰v h√-Xpw) B{K-ln-°p-∂]
- £w Ah≥ F∂n¬
s]´-h-\-√.' (_p; ap.)
4801
(2) Hcmƒ \_n b ˜
- psS ASp-°¬h∂v X\n°v hkzn-øØv \¬IWw
(th-≠-s∏-´ D]-tZiw \¬I-Ww) F∂m-h-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ AhnSp∂v ]d™p:
"A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv `b-`‡n ImWn-°-W-sa∂v Rm≥ \nt∂mSv hkznøØv
sNøp-∂p. AXv F√m-‰n-s‚bpw Xe-bmWv! ({]-[m-\-h-i-am-Wv). \o "PnlmZpw'
(k-a-cw) apdpsI ]nSn-°p-I. AXv Ckvemanse k\ym-k-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-
hns‚ ZnIvdpw, Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-Whpw kzoI-cn-°p-I. AXv BIm-i-Øn¬
\n\°v Poh- pw, `qan-bn¬ \n\°v Io¿Øn-bp-am-Ip-∂p.' (A.)
kap-Zm-b-as≤y A{I-a-a¿±-\-ß-fpw, A\o-Xnbpw k¿∆{X \S-am-Sp-
Ibpw, AXn-\n-S-bn¬ aX-]-c-amb \n¿_-‘-I-S-a-Iƒt]mepw \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm≥
\nhr-Øn-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ ITn-\-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ Np‰p]mSv
hcp-tºmƒ, Xs‚ aX-]-c-amb \nXy-I-S-a-Iƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-amdv
kaq-l-Øn¬\n∂v Ign-hXpw AI∂p \n¬t°-≠-Xmbn ht∂-°pw. ]t£,
AXv Hcp k\ym-k-cq-]-Øn-tem, {_“-Nm-cn-bm-bn-s°mt≠m A√. tIhew
Hcp lnPvd-xbm-bn-cn°pw AXv. AXmWv \_n ˜
Hcp lZo-Yn¬ Cßs\
{]kvXm-hn-®Xv: "apkvenans‚ kzØn¬sh®v G‰hpw DØ-a-am-b-Xv, Ipg-∏-ß-
fn¬ \n∂v Xs‚ aX-hp-ambn HmSn-c-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥th≠n ]¿∆XßfpsS D®n-
bpw, ag-s]-øp∂ ÿe-ßfpw At\z-jn-®p-t]m-Im-hp∂ Bń≥]-‰-am-bn-Øo-
cp∂ Imew Bk-∂-am-tb-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (_p.) ac-W-th-f-bn¬ Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fmb
Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp∂ Hgn-I-gn-hp-Iƒ°v adp-]-Sn-bmbnÉ¡«a GhôLÉ¡àa á©°SGh ¬∏dG ¢VQCG øµJ ⁄CG
(A-√m-lp-hns‚ `qan hnim-e-am-bn-cp-∂n-t√, \nßƒ°v AXn¬ lnPvdx t]mIm-
am-bn-cp-∂nt√?) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-sa∂v kq: \nkm-Dv 97 ¬ A√mlp ]d-™n-
cn-°p-∂Xpw ChnsS {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip-∂p.
Hcp hkvXp-X-IqSn ChnsS Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw.
"]ptcm-K-a-\m-i-b°m'sc∂ aqSp-]Sw AWn-™p-sIm≠v Ckvemanse [m¿anI
aqey-ßsf \njvIm-k\w sNøm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ ˛A-‘-hn-izm-k-
ßƒ°pw A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw FXn-cn¬ i_vZ-ap-b¿Øp∂ Nne Bfp-Iƒ Xs∂-
bpw˛ hntcm-[n-°-s∏´ k\ym-k-hr-Ø-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ ]e-Xn-s\bpw AXn¬
Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv C°m-eØv ImWm-dp-≠v. kp∂Øv \a-
kvIm-c-ßƒ, ZnIv¿, ZpB, kzem-Øv, Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw, kp∂-Øp-t\mºv
BZn-bmb Bcm-[\m I¿a-ßƒ BN-cn-°p-∂-Xvt]mepw hntcm-[n-°-s∏´ k\ym-
k-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØns°m≠v Ahsb ]cn-lm-ky-am-°n-Ø-≈p-I-bpw, AØcw
I¿a-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-hsc ]g-©≥amcpw k\ym-kn-I-fp-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNøpI Ah-cpsS Hcp ]Xn-hm-Wv. CsX√mw k\ym-k-am-sW-¶n¬,
Ckvemanse k\ym-k-Øns‚ H∂m-asØ amXrIm t\Xmhv apl-ΩZv apkvX^m
˜
Xncp-ta\n bpw, XpS¿∂v Ahn-SpsØ kzlm-_n-Iƒ XpS-ßnb ap≥Km-an-I-fp-am-
sW∂v Ah¿-˛ Ah¿°v Ckvemans‚ a\- m-£ntbm kXy-hn-izm-ktam Ds≠-
4802
¶n¬˛ Adn-™n-cn-°-s´. k\ym-k-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Ckvemans‚ t]cn¬
sh®p-sI-ńb A\o-Xn-Iƒ Ipd-s®m-∂p-a-√. F∂m¬, C∂sØ CØcw aX-]-cn-
jvI¿Øm-°ƒ Ckveman¬\n∂v shń-°p-d-®p-I-f-bp-∂-Xns‚ sISp-Xn-Iƒ AXn-
tesd B]¬°-chpw ITn-\-X-c-hp-am-Ip-∂p.thZ-°m-cn¬, AXn-cp-I-hn-™p-t]m-
Im-sX-bpw, Xß-fpsS {]hm-N-I≥am¿ ]Tn-∏n® am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-N-en-°m-
sXbpw \ne-sIm-≈p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:˛
28! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc,
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-
hn≥; Ahs‚ dkq-en¬ hniz-kn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp- h n≥; (F- ∂ m¬)
Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ \n∂v c≠v
Hmlcn Ah≥ \nßƒ°v \¬Ip-∂-
Xm-Wv. \nßƒ°v sIm≠p-\S- ° - p-hm-
\p≈ Hcp {]Imiw \nßƒ°v
Ah≥ G¿s∏SpØn- Ø - c p- I - b pw,
\nßƒ°v s]mdp- Ø p- X - c p- I bpw
sNøpw. A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-
∂-h-\mWv; Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
!28! tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ A√m-lp-

hns\ kq£n-°p-hn≥ hniz-kn-°bpw sNøp-hn≥ Ahs‚ dkq-
en¬ Ah≥ \nßƒ°v \¬Ipw c≠v Hmlcn (]-¶v, Cc-ń)
Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬\n∂v \nßƒ°-h≥ B°n (G¿s∏-Sp-Øn)
Xcp-Ibpw sNøpw Hcp {]Im-iw, shfn®w \nßƒ(-°v) \S-°m-
hp∂ AXp-am-bn, AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ°-h≥ s]mdp-Øp-X-cp-Ibpw
sNøpw A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
thZ-°m¿ Xß-fpsS ap≥{]-hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-I-bpw,

]n∂oSv \_n Xncp-ta\n -bnepw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]-£w, Ah¿°v ˜
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ Cc-ń-{]-Xn-êw e`n-°p-sa-∂pw, Xß-fpsS bYm¿∞ -a-X-kn-
≤m-¥-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-sIm≠v A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ apgp-In-°n-S-°p-I-bm-bn-
cp∂ Ah¿°v taen¬ k≥am¿Kw Is≠-Øp-hm-\p≈ shfn-®w˛ AYhm am¿K-
Z¿i-\w˛ kn≤n-°p-sa-∂pw, ]m]-ßƒ°v tamN\w e`n-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp
hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂p. "{]Imiw' sIm≠p≈ Dt±iyw C∏-d-™-Xn¬\n∂v
hy‡-am-b-t√m. apºv 12 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´Xpw ]c-tem-I-
4803
Øp-sh®v kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v e`n-°p-∂X - p-amb B {]Im-ia- mWv Chn-sSbpw
Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-sX∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. BZyw ]d-™-Xn-\mWv IqSp-X¬
\ymbw ImWp-∂-Xv. º∏YCG ¬∏dG
˜
\_n Cßs\ Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p∂p: "aq∂v Iq´¿°v Ah-cpsS {]Xn-
êw c≠p-{]m-hiyw \¬I-s∏-Spw. thZ-°m-cn¬s]´ a\p-jy≥: Ah≥ Xs‚
\_n-bn¬ hniz-kn-®p; F∂nepw hniz-kn-®p. AXn-\m¬ Ah\v c≠v {]Xn-^-e-
ap≠v . (A-\y-s‚) DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep≈ ASn-abpw: Ah≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈
IS-abpw, Ahs‚ bP-am-\≥am-tcm-Sp≈ IS-abpw \n¿∆-ln-®p. AXn-\m¬ Ah\pw
c≠v {]Xn-^-e-ap-≠v. Hcp a\p-jy\pw: Ah≥ Xs‚ ASn-a-kv{Xo°v in£Ww
\¬IpI (a-cymZ ioen-∏n-°p-I)bpw AXv \∂mbn sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp; ]n∂oSv
Ah≥ Ahsf hnhmlw Ign-®p. AXn-\m¬ Ah\pw c≠v {]Xn-^-e-ap-≠v.' (_p;
ap.)
!29! Xßƒ°v A√m-lp-
hns‚ A\p-{K-lØ - n¬\n∂v bmsXm-
∂n-\pw Ign-bp-∂-X-s√∂v thZ-°m¿
Adn-tb-≠-Xn\v th≠n-bs{X (A-
Xv); A\p-{Klw A√m-lp-hns‚ Iøn-
emWv ˛Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v
AX-h≥ \¬Ipw˛ F∂pw (A-dn-bp-
hm≥ th≠n). A√mlp al-Ømb
A\y-{K-l-ap-≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
29! Adn- t b- ≠ - X n- \ p- t h≠n thZ- ° m¿

Ah¿°v Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂v bmsXm-∂n\pw A√m-
lp-hns‚ Zb-hn¬ (A-\p-{K-l-Øn¬)-\n∂v Zbhv (A-\p-{K-lw)
BIp∂p F∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚ Iøn¬ AX-h≥ \¬Ipw
Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v A√mlp Zbhv (A-\p-{K-lw) D≈-h-
\mWv al-Øm-b, hºn®
Xßƒ GsXmcp {]hm-N-Is‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fmtWm B {]hm-N-I≥

am{Xta kXy-{]-hm-N-I-\m-bp-≈q. Xßƒ kzoI-cn® am¿Kw am{Xta A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬ kzoIm-cy-am-bp-≈q. kz¿Kw Xßƒ°v am{Xta e`n-°p-I-bp≈q. Fs∂m-
s°-bmbn-cp∂p thZ-°m-cpsS hmZ-ßƒ. {]kvXp-X- hm-Z-ß-fpsS JWvU\w AS-
ßp-∂-XmWv Cu hN-\w. apl-ΩZv Xncp-ta\n ˜-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v ta¬
hnh-cn-®Xv t]mse-bp≈ A\p-{K-l-ßƒ e`n-°p-sa-∂pw, At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-kn-
°m-Ø-h¿˛ Ah¿ ap≥{]-hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ hniz-kn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw icn˛ Ahn-
4804
izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw \n›-bn-®-Xn¬ AS-ßnb XXzw thZ-°msc AXv a\-
n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A√mlphns‚ A\p-{Klw e`n-°pI F∂Xv Hcp
Iq´¿°p≈ IpØ-I-sbm-∂p-a-√. AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ kz¥w A[n-Im-c-Øn¬s]-
´-XmWv; Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-h¿°v Ah-\Xv \¬Ipw; {]hm-N-IXzw \¬tI-≠Xv
B¿s°-√m-am-sW-∂pw, A\p-{Klw \¬tI-≠Xv B¿s°-√m-am-sW-∂pap≈
Imcyw Ah≥ IW-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-\m-I-s´, hºn® A\p-{K-l-im-en-bp-am-
Ip-∂p. CXmWv B XXzw. CX-h¿ Adn-™n-cn-°p-hm-\mWv CXv (28 ˛mw hN-\-
Ønse D≈-S-°w) Ahsc Adn-bn-°p-∂Xv F∂v kmcw.
º∏©j ÓÄd ("en˛ A¬˛ em˛ bAvea) F∂ hm°n-\mWv "Adn-tb-≠-Xn-
\p-th≠n' F∂v \mw A¿∞w Iev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ’ (em) F∂ \ntj-[-
Øns‚ Ahy-b-Øn\v Ign™ A≤ymbw 75 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-
se˛ {]tXy-In®v A¿∞-sam-∂p-an-√. Hcp hmN-I-Ønse Bi-b-Øn¬ Akv]-
jvS-amb h√ \ntj-[hpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, B hmN-I-Øn¬ Cßs\
Hcp "em sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sp∂ k{º-Zmbw Ad-_n-I-fn¬ ]Xn-hp-≠v. CXn\v
Izp¿-B-\n¬ thsdbpw DZm-l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. Ah-bn¬ H∂mWv (7 : 12¬)
~é°ùJ ’ ¿CG ∂©æe Ée F∂ hmIyw. "kpPqZv sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v \n\°v apS-°p-
≠m-°n-bXv F¥mWv F∂m-bn-cn°pw CXn\v hm°¿∞w hcp-I. ]t£,
Dt±iyw AX-√.' "kpPqZv sNøp-∂-Xn\v \n\°v apS-°p-≠m-°n-bXv F¥mWv'
F∂m-Ip-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bmWv Chn-sS-bpw. "em' IqSm-sXbpw (º∏©«d
F∂v) ChnsS hmbn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠-∂p-≈Xpw {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip-∂p. Npcp°w
Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ "em'bpsS \ntj-[m¿∞w ]cn-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
Cß-s\-bp≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬ hymJym-\n-s®m-∏n-°p-hm≥ kml-k-s∏´v ImWm-
dp-≠v. ]t£, `mjm-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sm-dp≈ Hcp ssien-bm-
Wn-Xv, F∂n-cn-s°, B kml-k-Øn\v ]ns∂ _p≤n-ap-t´-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√-
t√m. º∏YCG ¬∏dGh
π° ØdGh áæŸG ¬dh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh
4805
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏vx˛
Q~≤dGh AÉ° ≤dG

"IzZzm˛ IzZv¿' (Q~≤dGh ≤dG)
AYhm
A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ
A√mlp k¿∆-⁄\pw k¿∆-i‡ - \ - p-am-Wv. sNdp-∏h- e- p-∏t- am, ÿe-
Im- e tam hyXym- k - a n- √ msX kI- e - I m- c y- ß - f pw, kI- e - h - k v X p- ° - f pw˛
Hmtcm∂pw C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-Øn-em-sW-∂v˛ Ah≥ Adn-bp-∂p. Ahs‚ Adn-
hn¬ s]Sm-Ø-tXm, Adn-hn¬\n∂v A¬]-sa-¶nepw hyXy-kvX-am-btXm H∂pw-
X-s∂-bn-√. \ΩpsS Adn-hp-t]mse A∏-t∏mƒ e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Adn-
h√ A√m-lp-hn-t‚-Xv. Ahs‚ CX-c-Kp-W-ß-sf-t∏mse Ahs‚ Adnhpw
A\m-Znbpw A\-¥h - p-am-Ip-∂p. F∂n-ßs - \-bp≈ Ckvemanse auenI hnizm-
k- X-Xz-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hy-h-ÿ-
bm-Ip∂ "IzZzm-Iz-Zvdn'epw hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. aX-ZrjvSym
Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ IS-a-bp-am-W-Xv. Izp¿-B\pw lZoYpw kv]jvSamb `mj-bn¬
AXn-s\-∏‰n [mcmfw {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. apkvenwkap-Zmbw s]mXp-hn-epw,
CX-c-a-X-°m-cn¬ GXm\pw`mKhpw IzZzm-Iz-Zvdn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Ip-∂p.
IzZvdn-ep≈ hnizmkw bp‡n°v tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v hmZn-®p-

sIm≠v AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ Hcp sNdnb hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ apkvenwI-fn-
ep-≠v. aX-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-a-√mØ {]mNo\ XXz-imkv{X kn≤m-
¥-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu \ntj-[-Øns‚ D¤-hw. F√m-Xcw
]ng® hnizm-k-ßƒ°pw BZ¿i-ßƒ°pw A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p∂ C°m-eØv B ]g-©≥ hmZ-Øn\pw ]pXnb A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ D≠m-
Ip-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-W-t√m. Bbn-c-Øn-ap-∂q-dn¬]cw sIm√-ßƒ°vapºv
ChcpsS ap≥Km-an-Iƒ hmZn-®n-cp∂ AtX hmZ-ß-fpw, Ah¿ ]d-™n-cp∂
AtX \ymb-ß-fpw, Ah¿ kzoI-cn® AS-hp-I-fpw-X-s∂-bm-Wv˛ Ime-Øn-
s\mØ B ssien-Iƒ Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬˛ C∂v Chcpw kzoI-cn-®p-Im-Wp-∂-
Xv. Xß-fpsS hmZ-K-Xn-Iƒ°v tbmPn-°mØ Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßsf Zp¿hym-
Jym\w sNbvsXm-∏n-°p-I, Xßƒ°v A\p-Iq-e-a-√mØ lZo-Yp-Isf ]cn-lm-
k-]q¿∆w X≈n-°-f-bp-I, Xß-tfmSv A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ tbmPn-°m-Ø-hsc
hnUvVn-I-fm-°p-I, A\nkvemanI Nn¥m-K-Xn-Iƒ°v Ckvemans‚ Omb
4806
\¬Ip-I, Ckvemans‚ km£m¬ KpW-Imw-£n-Iƒ Xß-fm-sW∂v tLmjn-
°p-I, C√mØ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ßƒ krjvSn-®p-≠m°n AXn\v ]cn-lmcw Xß-
fpsS hmZ-Øn-em-Wp-≈-sX∂v ka¿∞n-°pI apX-em-bh Ah-cpsS ]Xn-h-
s{X.
_p≤n-bpsS JWvUn-X-amb GsX-¶nepw hn[n°v FXn-cm-b-tXm,

_p≤n-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-I-fm¬ Akw-`-hy-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂tXm
Bb H∂pw-Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\Ø - n-tem, \_n b˜ - psS hN-\Ø- ntem
D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂v Xo¿Øv ]d-bmw. ]t£, a\p-jy-_p≤n AXns‚ kz¥w
\ne°v hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ Bi-b-ßƒt°m \nK-a-\-ßƒt°m A\p-k-cn-
®p-am-{Xta aX-{]-am-W-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°mhq F∂n-√. \ΩpsS _p≤n°pw
bp‡n°pw tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-tØm-∂p∂ F√m XXz-ß-fpw, kn≤m-¥-ßfpw
km£m¬ bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xpw A_-≤-am-Ip-∂p.
_p≤n-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-IƒsIm-t≠m, bp‡n-\ym-b-ßƒ aptJ-\tbm FØn-
t®-cp-hm≥ km[y-a-√mØ F{Xtbm bmYm¿∞y-ßfpw XXz-kn-≤m-¥-ßfpw
\ne-hn-ep-f-f-XvsIm-≠v-X-s∂-bm-Wv, thZ-ß-fpsSbpw {]hm-N-I≥am-cp-sSbpw
Bhiyw t\cn-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. F∂n-cns° thZ-{]-am-W-ß-fp-sS-bpw, {]hm-N-
I-h-N-\-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°v ap-ºn¬ bmsXmcp bp‡n-
hm-Z-Øn\pw ÿm\-an-√. At∏mƒ, Izp¿-B-s‚bpw lZo-Yn-s‚bpw t\¿°p-
t\-sc-bp≈ \nc-h[n {]kvXm-h\ - I
- f
- m¬ kv]jvSa- mbn Adn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ GsXmcp
Imcyhpw bp‡n-cm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ ta¬hn-em-k-Øn¬ \ntj-[n®p X≈p-∂Xpw
Ah c≠nepw hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp apkvenan\v Hcn-°epw tbmPn-®-X√; ]mSp-
≈-Xp-a-√. bp‡n-hm-Z-ßsf aX-{]-am-W-ß-fpsS Dc-°-√n¬ am‰p-c-®p-t\m-°p-
∂-Xn\v ]I-cw, aX-{]-am-Wß - sf bp‡n-\ym-bß- f - psS Dc-°√- n¬ Dc-®p-t\m°n
hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-XmWv F°m-eØpw [m¿an-Im-cm-P-I-Xz-Øn\v {][m-\-Im-c-W-
am-Ip-∂-Xv. ssZh-Øn-\pw, aX-Øn\pw, am\p-jn-I-aq-ey-ßƒ°pw FXn-cn¬ ]S-
sb-Sp-°p-∂-h-cp-sS-sb√mw Bbp[w bp‡n-hmZw Xs∂. ]t£, Ime-Øn-
s\mØv thjw amdpw F∂v am{Xw.
a\p-jys‚ {]hr-Øn-I-f-S°w temIØv \S-°p∂ k¿∆-Im-cy-ß-
fpw, samØ-ambpw hni-Z-ambpw A√mlp Adn-bp∂p;C∂n∂ kw`hw C∂n-
∂-{]-Im-c-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ \n¿W-bhpw hyh-ÿbpw Ahs‚ ]°-ep≠v.
AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn bmsXm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn√; F¥v˛ Fß-s\˛ Ft∏mƒ
thW-sa∂v Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂pthm AXv Aßs\ At∏mƒ kw`-hn-°p∂p;
Ah≥ Adn-bm-sXtbm Dt±-in-°m-sXtbm bmsXm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√. Cu
hn[-ap≈ hnizm-k-amWv IzZvdn-ep≈ hnizm-kw-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw. Aß-s\-bm-
sW-¶n¬, a\p-jy≥ F¥n\v {]h¿Øn-°Ww? Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø\w IqSm-
sX-Øs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v Imcy-ßƒ Aßv \S-∂p-sIm-
4807
≈p-at√m?. a\p-jys‚ Dt±-iy-ß-fnepw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw \ncp-]m-[nI-amb
kzmX-{¥yhpw Ignhpw Ah-\n-s√-¶n¬˛ AYhm A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iya-\p-
k-cn-®mWv F√mw \S-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬˛ aX-]-c-amb hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ aptJ\
a\p-jy≥ imkn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥n-\mWv? F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Bi-b-
°p-g-∏-ßƒ ]eXpw IzZvdns‚ \ntj-[n-Iƒ {]N-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
lnPvdx BZy-\q-‰m-≠n¬X-s∂, IzZvdns‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ ]c-kv]-c-hn-

cp-≤-amb c≠v Bi-b-K-Xn-°m¿ DS-se-Sp-Øp.
(1) a\p-jy\v bmsXm-∂n\pw bmsXm-cp-hn[ kzmX-{¥ytam Ignthm

C√. tIhew Im‰n¬s]´ Ce-t]mse A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øn\pw Ign-
hn\pw apºn¬ Ah≥ Hcp ]mh-am-{X-amWv F∂v Hcp I£n hmZn-®p. Ch¿
"P_vcnø'x (a-\p-jy≥ \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-sW∂v hmZn-°p∂ I£n
=ájÈ÷G) F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu I£n {ItaW £tbm≥ap-J-am-bn-
´p-s≠∂v ]d-bmw.
(2) a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ Dt±-iy-Ønepw {]h¿Ø-\-Ønepw ]cn-]q¿W

kzX- { ¥- \ mWv ; F√mw Ahs‚ lnX- a - \ p- k - c n®v \S- ° p∂p. Ahs‚
{]h¿Ø\w Ahs‚ krjvSn Xs∂-bmWv; AXn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-
Øn-t\m, {]h¿Ø-\-Ønt\m ]¶n-√. Fs∂ms° as‰mcp I£n hmZn-®p. Cu
I£n "IzZvcnøx' (a-\p-jys‚ {]h¿Ø\w Ahs‚ Ign-hp-sIm-≠m-sW∂v
hmZn-°p∂ I£n= ájQ~≤dG) F∂ t]cnepw Adn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂p. "apAvXknex' (ádõà©ŸG)
hn`m-KØ- n¬ \n∂mWv Cu I£n P∑-sa-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂X - v. ]c-tem-IØ
- v sh®pw
A√m-lp-hns\ Imäm≥ km[y-a√ F∂pw; kz¿K-\-c-I-ßƒ, I¿a-ßsf
Xq°n-°-W-°m-°¬, C_veokv F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ ]eXpw bmYm¿∞y-ß-
f√ F∂pw, Ah tIhew Nne D]-am-e-¶m-c-ßƒ am{X-am-sW∂pw a‰pw hmZn-
°p-∂-hcpw Cu hn`m-K-Øn-ep-≠v. AXXv Ime-Øn\pw Ime-°m¿°pw A\p-
k-cn-®p≈ bp‡n-\ym-b-ßƒX-s∂-bmWv F√m-h¿°pw sIm≠p-h-cm-\p≈
sXfn-hv.
c≠m-asØ I£n-bmb IzZvcnø-xØns‚ {][m\ hmZ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

am{X-amWv \man-hnsS kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hmtcm Ime-Ømbn Nne ]pØ≥
XXz-ßfpw hmZ-K-Xn-Ifpw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-hm-\pw, NneXv Dt]-£n-°p-hm\pw
Ch¿ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-´p-≠v. Ah-bn¬ Nne-sX√mw Ime-l-c-W-s∏´v t]msb-
¶nepw Iptd-sb√mw C∂pw Ah-ti-jn-°p∂p. F√mw Xpd-∂p-]d - b
- p-hm≥ Ch¿
kt¶m-Ns- ∏-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv. "temIØv Hmtcm kw`-hhpw kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta
A√mlp Adn-bp-I-bp-≈q. AXn-\p-apºv AXn-s\-∏‰n Ah≥ H∂pw Adn-bp-
I-bn√; A√m-lp-hn\v Imcy-ßs - f-°p-dn®v samØ-Øn-ep≈ Adnth D≈q. F√m-
4808
‰n-s\-°p-dn®pw hni-Z-ambn Adn-™p-IqSm; temI-Im-cy-ßƒ°v Nne s]mXp-
hmb ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw Imcy-Im-cW
- _- ‘
- ß- fpw Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-®n-´p≠v;
AX-\p-k-cn®v a\p-jys‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XpS-ßnb F√m Imcy-ßfpw kzb-
tah \oßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv; a\p-jys‚ I¿a-ß-sf√mw Ahs‚ kz¥w
Ignhpw krjvSn-bp-amWv. A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iytam {]h¿Ø-\tam AXn-\m-
h-iy-an√; \√-Xns‚ am{Xw {kjvSm-hmWv A√mlp; NoØ-bm-b-sXm∂pw
Ahs‚ krjvSn-b√; NoØ-bm-bX - ns‚ {kjvSmhv ]nimtNm a\p-jyt\m Bbn-
cn°pw; \∑-am{Xw krjvSn-°¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ \n¿_-‘-am-Wv..........' CXym-
Zn -hm-Z-ß-sf√mw A°q-´-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-´-Xm-Ip-∂p. GÒÑc Gh∏Y ¬∏c ∂dP øY ¬∏dG ∫É©J(A-
√mlp AXn¬\n-s∂√mw Xs∂ AXyp-∂-X-\-s{X.)
ta¬]-d™ c≠v I£n-Iƒ°pw CS-bn-emWv hmkvXhw ÿnXn-

sN-øp-∂-Xv. kzlm-_Øpw Xm_n-D-Ifpw AS-°-ap≈ ap≥Km-an-Iƒ apgp-h\pw,
]n¬°m-e-°m-cmb apkvenwIƒ _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw Cu a≤y-K-Xn-°m-cm-Ip-∂p.
a\p-jy\v Ahs‚ C—bpw Dt±-iyhpw A\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈
kzmX-{¥yhpw kml-N-cy-ß-fpw \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-s≠-∂pw, AtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂
A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øn-\pw \n›-b-Øn\pw AXn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb ]¶p-
s≠∂p-amWv Ah-cpsS hnizm-kw. At\Iw Izp¿-B≥ hN-\ßfpw \_n-h-
N-\-ßfpw Ah¿°v sXfn-hp-I-fm-bp-≠v Xm-\pw. Chbv°v ]pd-sa, _p≤n-]-c-
amb ]e sXfn-hp-I-tfmSpwIqSn ]e alm-∑mcpw AXns\ ÿm]n-®p-sIm-≠pw,
AXns‚ A\n-hm-cyX sXfn-bn-®p-sIm≠pw {KŸ-ßƒ cNn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. ]t£,
X¬]-c-I-£n-Iƒ A√m-lp-hn\v I¬]n-t°≠p∂ al-Xz-ß-fpw, {]tXy-I-X-
Ifpw I¬]n-°p-∂X - n\v ]I-cw, a\p-jy\pw a\p-jys‚ bp‡n-ho-£W
- Ø
- n\pw
Af- h n¬ Ihn™ ÿm\w I¬]n- ° p- I - b mWv sNbv X n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v .
√Q~b ≥M ¬∏dG Q~b Éeh (A-h¿ A√m-lp-hns\ IW-°m-t°-≠p∂ {]Imcw IW-°m-
°n-bn-√.)
Cu hnj-bØ - n¬ Izp¿-Bs
- ‚bpw lZo-Yns‚bpw t\¿°p-t\-sc-bp≈
{]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ F¥mWv \ap-°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv? AXn¬ _p≤n-
bpsS JWvUn-X-amb GsX-¶nepw hn[n°v hn]-co-X-ambn h√Xpw Dt≠m?
IzZvdns‚ \ntj[w bp‡n-bpsS ASnÿm-\-Øn¬Xs∂ A\n-hm-cy-amtWm?
Fs∂ms° Hcp kmam-\y-ho-£Ww \S-Øp-I-bmWv Cu Ipdn-∏ns‚ Dt±-iyw.
Izp¿-B-s‚bpw \_n-h-N-\-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡-amb Xm¬]-cy-ßsf \ncp-]m-
[nIw AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-Ibpw , AXn-s\-Xn-cmb Nn¥m-K-Xn-Isf
AXn-\-\p-k-cn®v cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ssha-\kyw tXm∂m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNø-
Ø-°-hÆw \njvIf¶-amb kXy-hn-izmkw lrZ-b-Øn¬ ÿew-]n-Sn-®n-
´p≈h¿°v \n›- b - a mbpw Cu Ipdn∏v D]- I m- c - s ∏- t ´- ° pw.
ÜGƒ°ü∏d ≥aƒŸG ƒgh ¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG
4809
Nne ]Z-ß-fpw, Ah-bpsS D]-tbm-K-ßfpw

hnj-bØ- n¬ {]th-in-°pw-apºv Xmsg ImWp∂ Ad-_n-hm-°p-If- psS
A¿∞-ßfpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn Imcyw
{Kln-°p-hm≥ klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp `mj-bnse hm°p-Iƒ as‰mcp `mj-
bn-te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNøp-tºmƒ˛ Izp¿-B≥ {]tXy-In-®pw˛ aqe-hm-°p-I-
tfmSv Ft∏mgpw F√m\ne°pw InS-\n¬°p∂ ]cym-b-]-Z-ßƒ hnh¿Ø-\-
`m-j-bn¬ Is≠-Øp-hm≥ km[n-s®∂v hcn-I-bn-√. aqe-`m-j-bn¬ hnhn-[-cw-
K-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp hm°n\v Ahn-S-ß-fn-se√mw Htc-hm-°n¬
X¿÷a \¬Ip-hm≥ {KŸ-I¿Øm-°ƒ°pw kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am¿°pw km[n-
°msX hcp-∂-Xpw, kµ¿`-a-\p-k-cn®v IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ]Z-ßƒ
D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠n-hc
- p-∂Xpw AXvs
- Im-≠m-Wv. Ad-_n-`m-jb
- n¬ A¬]-sams°
]cn-N-b-ap-≈-h¿°v Xmsg ImWp∂ hnh-cWw IqSp-X¬ {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-
Øo-cp-sa-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
oôjp~r≤sàdG , oQn~n≤rdG , oQr~n≤rdG (Iz-Zv¿, IzZ¿, XIzvZo¿)

"IzZ¿' F∂ hm°n\v {]kn≤ Ad-_n˛ \nL-≠p-hmb "Izmaqkn'
(¢SƒeÉ≤dG)¬ A»°ûdG ≠∏Ñeh ºµ◊Gh AÉ° ≤dG (Xo-cp-am-\w, hn[n, Hcp hkvXp-hns‚ XpI˛
AYhm BsI Af-hv) F∂mWv A¿∞w sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv. "IzZvdn'\mI-
s´, ]e A¿∞-ßfpw AXn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-´p-≠v. "[\w, Ign-hv, i‡n,
IpSp- m-°p-I, IW-°m-°p-I, \n¿W-bn-°p-I, al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, Nn´-s∏-Sp-
Øp-I, thhn-°pI' F∂pw a‰pw. B[p-\nI \nL-≠p-hmb "ap≥PnZn' (~éæŸG)¬
"IzZvdn's‚ A¿∞-ß-fn¬ É¡JÉbhG ‘ AÉ«°TC’ÉH IOGQE’G ≥∏©J ^¬H ºµëjh AÉ° ≤dG øe ¬∏dG Q~≤j Ée (A-
√mlp IW-°m-°p-∂X - pw hn[n-°p-∂X - p-amb Xocp-am-\w, hkvXp-°t- fmSv X°-
k-a-b-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw _‘-s∏-S¬) F∂v-IqSn A¿∞w
sImSp-Øp-Im-Wmw.
Izp¿-Bs‚ {]tXyI \nL-≠p-hmb "A¬ ap^vd-ZmØn' (äGOôØŸG)¬

Camw dmKn_v Cu [mXp°sf-∏‰n Ipsd A[nIw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXnse
Nne `mK-ßƒ ChnsS D≤-cn°mw:
(1)Å«°ûdG á«ªc Ú«ÑJ ôj~≤àdGh Q~≤dG (Hcp hkvXp F{X-bm-sW-∂p≈ Afhv

hnh-cn-°-emWv "IzZvdpw', "XIzvZodpw'.) ]n∂oSv "IzZ-d, Iz±d' (nQ~s bn , Qn ~n bn ) F∂o
{Inbm-cq-]-ßƒ°v "Ignhv \¬In' F∂v A¿∞w ]d-™-tijw At±lw
Cßs\{]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: É¡∏©éj ¿ÉH ÊÉãdG IQ~≤dG AÉ£YÉH Éªg~MG Ú¡Lh ≈∏Y AÉ«°TÓd ¬∏dG ôj~≤àa
4810
-â° àbG ÉªÑ°ùM ¢Uƒ°üfl ¬Lhh ¢Uƒ°üflQG~≤e ≈∏Y (F-∂m¬, A√mlp Imcy-
ßsf "XIzvZo¿' sNøp-I˛ AYhm "IzZvdm'°pI˛ F∂Xv c≠v {]Im-c-Øn-ep-
≠v. H∂v AXn\v Ignhv \¬Ip-∂Xv aptJ-\-bpw, at‰Xv Ahs‚ bp‡n-°-\p-
k-cn-®-hn[w Hcp {]tXyI tXmXnepw Hcp {]tXyI coXn-bnepw Aßs\
B°p-∂Xv aptJ-\-bpw.)
"XIzvZo¿' Cu c≠v {]Im-c-Øn-em-bn-Øo-cp-hm-\p≈ ]›m-Ø-ehpw
Camw-dm-Kn_v hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, AXns‚ Npcp°w CXmWv: A√m-lp-hns‚
{]hrØn c≠v hn[-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. H∂v: A√mlp Dt±-in® Ime-tØmfw
bmsXmcp t`Z-KX - nbpw IqSmsX ÿnc-amb AkvXnXzw \¬In-s°m≠v krjvSn-
°p-I. DZm-l-cWw: BIm-i-ßfpw AXnse hkvXp-°-fpw. c≠m-a-tØXv: aqe-
h-kvXp-°sf krjvSn-°p-I-bpw, Ah≥ \n›-bn® hyh-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn®v am{Xw.
AXn¬ \n∂v P\y-ß-fmb Awi-ßƒ (A-Yhm imJ-Iƒ) D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-hm-
\p≈ i‡n AXn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I. DZm-l-cWw: CuØ-°p-cp-
hn¬ \n∂v CuØ-∏-\bpw, a\pjy _oP-Øn¬ \n∂v a\p-jy\pw D≠m-Ip-∂-
Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Imcy-ßƒ (*)
XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v dmKn_v (d) XIzvZo-dns\ H∂p-IqSn hni-Zo-I-cn®p
Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: .
(A-t∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚ "XIzvZo¿' c≠v hn[-am-Wv. H∂v: C∂-

{]-Imcw D≠m-hWw As√-¶n¬ C∂-{]-Imcw D≠m-h-cpXv F∂v \n¿_-‘-
Øns‚ \ne-t°m, km[y-X-bpsS \ne-t°m, hn[n-°p-I. "F√m Imcy-Øn\pw
A√mlp Hcp IzZv¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v' F∂ Izp¿-B≥ hmIyw (**) CX-
\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. c≠m-a-tØXv: AXn\v ˛Hcp Imcy-Øn\v ˛I-gn-hp-sIm-
Sp-°-em-Wv.)
Nne {]kvXm-h\
- I
- ƒ°pw DZm-lc
- W
- ß
- ƒ°pw-tijw At±lw XpS-
cp∂p:
(*) IzZvdns‚ \ntj-[n-I-fmb Nne¿ Camw-dm-Kn_v ImWn® Cu

c≠m-asØ A¿∞w s]m°n-∏n-Sn-°p-Ibpw BZysØ A¿∞w aqSn-sh-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-Im-Wmw.
(**) kq: XzemIzv 3.
4811
(A-√m-lp-hns‚ Imcyw aIzvZq-dmb IzZvdm-Ip∂p' F∂ Bb-Ønse (*) "IzZv¿'
F∂ hm°v A√mlp t\csØ Xocp-am-\n-®n-´p-≈X - n-s\bpw eulp¬ alv^qZzn'¬
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bX
- n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. "krjvSn, Imem-h[- n, Blmcw F∂n-
h-bpsS tPmen-bn¬\n∂v \nß-fpsS d∫v hnc-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p˛ AYhm Ahsb
kw_-‘n® Xocp-am\w Ign-™n-cn-°p∂p' ˛F∂ \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-
°-s∏-´Xpw AXp-X-s∂. "aIzvZq¿' F∂ hm°m-h-s´, Ah≥ IW-°m-°n-sh-®-
Xn¬\n∂v A∏-t∏mƒ kw`-hn-°p-∂X - n-te-°p≈ kqN-\b - m-Wv. "F√m Znh-khpw
A√mlp Hmtcm Imcy-Øn-emWv' F∂ Bb-Øn¬ (**) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xpw
AXp-X-s∂. C{]-Imcw Xs∂-bmWv "\mw AXns\ (Hmtcm hkvXp-sh-bpw)
Hcp \n›n-X-tXm-Xn-e-√msX Cd-°p-∂n√' F∂ Bb-Øpw.) (***)
A√m-lp-hns‚ "XIzvZodn's\∏‰n hnh-cn-®-ti-jw, a\p-jysc kw_-

‘n®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ "XIzvZodn's‚ A¿∞w F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Camw dmKn_v
(d) XpS¿∂v hnh-cn-°p∂p:
(a-\p-jys‚ XIzvZodpw c≠v {]Im-cØ

- n-ep-≠v. H∂v: _p≤n-bpsS ho£-
W-a-\p-k-cn®v Imcy-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw B ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Imcyw \S-
Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I. CXv {]iw-k-\o-b-a-s{X. (\√ Imcy-am-Wv). c≠m-a-tØXv:
taml-Øn\pw C—°pw A\p-k-cn®v Nn¥n-°p-I. CXv Bt£-]m¿l-am-b-Xm-
Ip-∂p. [Camw dmKn-_n¬\n-∂p≈ D≤-cWn ChnsS Ah-km-\n-®p.]
Camw C_v\p-IY
- o¿ (d) At±-lØ
- ns‚ X^vko-dn¬ "IzZvdn'\p \n¿∆-
N\w \¬Ip∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Ip-∂p. É¡FôH πÑb É¡d ¬àHÉàch É¡fƒc πÑb AÉ«°TC’G ¬ª∏Y ƒg (Im-cy-
ßƒ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Ah≥˛ A√m-lp˛ Adn-b-epw,
Ahsb krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv Ahsb Ah≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-am-
Ip∂p AXv.) alm-\mb C_v\p-Iz-ønw (d) bp‡n-hm-Zn-I-fmb Nne I£n-I-
sf-∏‰n kwkm-cn-°p∂ Iq´-Øn¬ GQ~b Å«°T πµd ¬∏dG π©L ~b (A-√mlp F√m-‰n\pw
Htcm IzZv¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v) F∂ Izp¿-B≥ hmIyw hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v
{]kvXmhn-®n-´p≈ Nne hmIy-ßfpw ChnsS {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. At±lw ]d-
(*) kq: Alvkm-_v, 38. "A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcyw km[n-X-{]m-b-am-

b˛ AYhm hyh-ÿm-]n-Xa - m-b˛ JWvUnX hyh-ÿb - m-Ip∂p' F∂v kmcw.
hnh-c-W-Øns‚ kuIcyw Hm¿Øv ta¬{]-Imcw aqe-hm-°p-Iƒ AtX-
]Sn D]-tbm-Kn-®-XmWv.
(**) kq: A¿ dlvam≥ (***) kq: lnPv¿, 21

4812
bp∂p: "⁄m\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xv, {]tXyI hkvXp-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´Xv
(»æ«©dGh »ª∏©dG) F∂n-ßs\ IzZv¿ c≠p-X-c-Øn-ep-≠v. Hcmƒ Xm≥ ]d-bp-Itbm
Fgp-Xp-Itbm {]h¿Øn-°p-Itbm sNøm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xns‚ cq]w BZyw
a\- p-sIm≠v IW-°m-°p-Ibpw ]n∂o-SXv {]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-I-bp-am-
Wt√m sNøp-I. AXp-t]m-se, krjvSn-Isf krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºmbn Ah-
bpsS tXmXp-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ (≥∏ÿG ôjOÉ≤e)°v A√m-lp-hns‚ Adn-hnepw \n›-b-
Ønepw Hcp hyh-ÿ-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw ]n∂o-S-hsb B Adn-hn-s‚bpw
tcJ-bp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ krjvSn-°p-∂X - p-am-Ip-∂p. At±lw XpS-cp∂p:
(ssZ-hn-I-amb IzZv¿ c≠v hn[-am-Ip-∂p. H∂v: Adn-hnepw, \n›-b-

Ønepw AYhm tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xnepw D≈-Xv. c≠m-a-tØXv: hkvXp-°sf
krjvSn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ahs‚ Ign-hp-sIm≠v Ahsb krjvSn-°epw Ahbv°v
cq]w \¬Iepw BIp-∂p. \n¿am-Whpw hyh-ÿbpw IqSn Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-
XmWv krjvSn-∏v.
"JZ¿' F∂pw, "JZv¿' F∂pw ("Zmen'\p "^Xvlv' sImSpØpw,
"kpIq≥' sImSp-Øpw) D]-tbm-Kn-°m-sa∂v C_v\p-Izp-ssX_x (d) apX-emb
`mjm-]-WvUn-X≥am¿ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Camw \hho (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. (º∏°ùe ìô°T) c≠m-bmepw A¿∞-Øn¬ hyXym-k-an√ F∂v kmcw.
AÉ° ≤dG , ºµ◊G ("lpIvav' "IzZzm-Dv')

"lpIvav' F∂m¬ "hn[n' F∂¿∞w. Camw dmKn_v (d) ]d-bp∂p:
¬eõ∏J ⁄ hG ∑ÒZ ∂dP âeõdG AGƒ°S Gòc ¢ù«d hCG Gòc ¬fCÉH ≈° ≤J ¿G A»°ûdÉH ºµ◊Gh (Hcp Imcy-sØ-∏‰n
"lpIvav' sNøpI F∂p-sh-®m¬, AXv C∂-{]-Im-c-am-Wv˛ As√-¶n¬ C∂-{]-
Im-c-a-√˛ F∂v Xocp-am-\n-°-em-Wv. a‰p-≈-h¿°v AXv _m[-I-am-°n-bmepw
Cs√-¶nepw icn. "IzZzm-Dv' F∂m¬ "hn[n, Xocp-am-\w, \n¿∆-l-Ww, IS-a-
ho´¬, \S- ∏ n¬ hcp- Ø ¬' Fs∂ms° A¿∞w hcpw.
Ó©ahG ¿Éc ’ƒb ôe’G π©a AÉ° ≤dG(Iz-Zzm-Dv F∂m¬, hm°p-sImt≠m {]hr-Øn-sImt≠m
Imcy-Øn\v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-em-Wv.) F∂v {]kvXm-hn-®-tijw dmKn_v (d)
AXns\ ssZhn-I-sa-∂pw, am\p-jn-I-sa∂pw (iô°ûHh »¡dG) hn`-Pn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
√ÉjEG ’EG Gh~Ñ©J ’ ¿CG ∂HQ ≈° bh (X-s∂-b-√msX \nßƒ Bcm-[n-°-cp-sX∂v \ns‚
d∫v "IzZzm' sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-˛ Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.) F∂-Xvt]m-ep-ff Nne
Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ hmIvaqe-ap≈ ssZhnI IzZzm-C\v At±lw DZm-l-cWw
ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Úeƒj ‘ äGhÉª°S ™Ñ°S øgÉ° ≤a (c≠v Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Ahsb Ggv
BIm-i-ß-fmbn IzZzm sNbvXp˛ krjvSn ]q¿Øn-bm-°n) F∂ hN\w {]hr-
Øn-aq-e-ap≈ ssZhnI IzZzm-C\pw At±lw DZm-l-cWw ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
4813
GòµH ºcÉ◊G ≈° b (\ym-bm-[n-]≥ C∂-{]-Imcw IzZzm sNbvXp˛ Xocp-am-\n-®p) F∂v
]d-bm-dp-≈-Xv hmIvaqe-ap≈ am\p-jnI IzZzm-C-\pw,ºµµ°S Éæe ºà«° b GPEÉa(\n-ß-fpsS
l÷v kw_-‘-amb Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßƒ IzZzm-sN-bvXm¬ ˛\n¿∆-ln-®m¬)
F∂ Izp¿-B≥ hmIyw {]hr-Øn-aq-e-ap≈ am\p-jn-I-Iz-Zzm-C\pw At±lw
DZm-l-c-W-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Q~≤dGh AÉ° ≤dG ÚH Ée

("Iz-ZzmDw' "IzZdpw' XΩn¬)
`mjm¿∞-Øn¬ IzZzmDw IzZdpw Gsd-°psd tbmPn-°p-sa-¶nepw
c≠pw XΩn¬ Nne hyXym-k-ß-fp-≠v. F√m IzZdpw IzZzm-Dv Bbn-cn-°p-I-
bn- √ . IzZ- d n- s \- ° mƒ {]tXy- I - a m- b n- ´ p≈ (¢UÉN)- X mWv "IzZzm- D v '
Fs∂ms°CamwdmKn_v Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-´p-≠v. XIzvZo-dp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \S-°p-
∂-XmWv IzZzm-Dv. AXm-b-Xv, "IzZ¿' F∂m¬ hyhÿ \n›-bn-°-epw, IzZzm-
Dv F∂m¬ AXv JWvUn-X-am-°epw Xocp-am-\-am-°-ep-am-Ip-∂p. CXm-W-Xn\v
Imc-Ww. ]n∂oSv At±lw ]d-bp∂p: "iman-ep-≠mb (N-cn-{X-{]-kn-≤-am-b)
hnjq--Nn-I-bn¬\n∂v ÿew-hn´p c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Da¿ (d) Dt±-in-®-t∏mƒ,
A_q- D - s s_Zx (d) At±- l - t ØmSv ]d™p: AÉ° ≤dG øe ôØJG (Xm- ¶ ƒ
IzZzm- C ¬\n∂v HmSn- t ∏m- I p- I - b mtWm?!) Da¿ (d) ]d™p:
¬∏dG Q~b ¤EG ¬∏dG AÉ° b øe ôaG (Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ IzZzm-C¬\n∂v A√m-lp-hns‚
IzZ-dn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-Ip-I-bm-Wv.) IzZ¿ IzZzm Bbn-°-gn-bm-Ø-t∏mƒ˛
\n›bw \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm-Ø-t∏mƒ˛ A√mlp AXns\ XS-™p-sh-t®-°m-
sa-∂p≈ {]Xo-£° - h - I- m-ia - p-s≠-∂pw, AXv IzZzm Bbn-°g - n-™m¬ ]n∂o-
S- X n\v XShp≠m- I - b n- s √∂pw DW¿Øp- I - b mWv Da¿ (d) sNbv X - X v ' .
É«° ≤e ôeCG ¿Éch(A-Xv˛ ]nXm-hn-√m-sX-bp≈ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS P\-\w˛ Hcp Xocp-
am-\n-°-s∏´ Imcyw BIp-∂p) F∂p≈ Izp¿-B≥ hmIyhpw a‰pw At±-
lw ChnsS FSp-Øp-≤c - n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. IzZzm-Dv, IzZ¿ F∂o hm°p-Iƒ XΩn¬
D≈ Cu hyXymkw B [mXp-hn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ {Inb-Iƒ apX-emb
cq]-ß-fnepw D≠m-bn-cn°pw. c≠v hm°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ hyXymkw thsd
cq]-Ønepw Nne¿ {]kvXm-hn®p ImWm-sa-¶nepw AXnhnsS D≤-cn-t°-≠p∂
Bhiyw ImWp-∂n-√.
ÜÉàc , Öàc ("I-X_-', "InXm_v')
"Iqń-t®¿Øp, Hcp-an-®p-Iqń' F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv Öàc ("I-X_')°p
`mj-bn¬ km£m¬ A¿∞w. "Fgp-Xn, tcJ-s∏-SpØn' F∂o A¿∞-ß-
fn¬ AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-am-Ip-∂p. A£-c-ßfpw
4814
hm°p-Ifpw Iqń-t®¿°-em-Wt√m Fgp-Øv, "\nb-an-®p, \n¿_-‘-am°n' F∂n-
ß-s\-bp≈ A¿∞-ß-fnepw "IX_' D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. ÜÉàc (In-Xm-
_v) F∂ hm°v "{KŸw, GSv (F-gp-X-s∏-´-Xv), ]pkvX-Iw, tcJ F∂o A¿∞-
ß-fn-emWv A[n-Ihpw D]-tbm-Kw. "\n¿_-‘w, \nb-aw, hyhÿ' CXymZn
A¿∞-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. Cu [mXp-hn¬\n-∂p≈ a‰v cq]-ß-
fnepw Cu A¿∞-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
IOGQE’G , á«°ûŸG ("a-in-øØpw', "Cdm-ZØpw')
AhbpsS CXc cq]-ßfpw
Cu c≠v hm°n\pw "Dt±-in-°pI' F∂pw, Ch-bpsS {Inbm-cq-]-ß-

fmb ABÉ°T , OGQG (imA, Adm-Z) F∂n-h°v "Dt±-in®p' F∂p-amWv ae-bm-f-Øn¬
km[m-cW A¿∞w ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-f-f-Xv. F¶nepw OGQG °v "CjvS-s∏-´p, Xm¬]-cy-
s∏-´p, DZy-an-®p, B{K-ln-®p, ]cn-K-Wn®p' (¬H »æY , ¬«a ÖZQ , ÖMG) F∂n-ß-s\bpw
ABÉ°T °v "IW-°m-°n-, \n›-bn®p' (Q~b) F∂pw A¿∞ß-fp-≠v. c≠pw XΩn-
ep≈ hyXym-ks - Ø-∏‰n A¬]w a\- n-cp-tØ-≠X - p-≠v. CXv kw_-‘n®v Camw-
dm-Kn_v (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈Xv Cßs\ kw{K-ln°mw:˛
(1) "ain-øØn' (á«°ûe)s‚ I¿Ømhv A√mlp Bbn-cn-°p-tºmƒ B

Dt±-iyw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-bn-
cn-°W - s- a-∂n-√. Gòc ¬∏dG AÉ°T F∂v (A-√mlp C∂Xv Dt±-in®p F∂v "ain-øØn's‚
{Inb D]-tbm-Kn-®v) ]d-™m¬ A°mcyw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®-Xm-bn-cn-
°pw. CXv I¿Øm-hns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ hyXym-k-am-Wv.-
(2) Gòc ¬∏dG OGQCG F∂v (A-√mlp C∂Xv Dt±-in®p F∂v "Cdm-ZØn's‚
{Inb D]-tbm-Kn-®v) ]d-bp-tºmƒ B Dt±-in-°-s∏´ Imcyw kw`-hn-®n-cn-°-W-
sa-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv "A√mlp Dt±-in-®-sXt¥m AXv D≠m-hpw, Ah≥
Dt±-in-°m-Ø-sXt¥m AXv D≠m-hp-I-bp-an-√.' øµj ⁄ CÉ°ûj ⁄ Éeh ¿Éc ¬∏dG AÉ°T Ée F∂v
"ain-øØn's‚ {Inb-am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn®v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ChnsS "AdmZ' (OGQG)
D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dn-√. AtX ka-bØv "A√mlp \nß-fn¬ Ffp-∏sØ Dt±-in-
°p- ∂ p, \nß- f n¬ Ah≥ sRcp- ° sØ Dt±- i n- ° p∂n- √ .'
(ô°ù©dG ºµH ~jôj ’h ô°ù«dG ºµH ¬∏dG ~jôj) F∂v Izp¿-B-\n¬ D≠v-Xm\pw. ChnsS "Cdm-
ZØn's‚ {Inb-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. a\p-jy-cn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ Ffp-∏-hpw, Nne-t∏mƒ
sRcp-°hpw D≠m-Ip-∂Xv \mw ImWm-dp-≠-t√m. *
* kq: \nkm-Dv 27 ¬ Éª«¶Y Ó«e Gƒ∏«“ ¿G äGƒ¡°ûdG ¿ƒ©Ñàj øjòdG ~jôjh ºµ«∏Y Üƒàj ¿G ~jôj ¬∏dGh (A-
√mlp \nß-fn¬ ]›m-Øm]w kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂p; CO-Isf
]n≥]-‰p-∂-h¿, \nßƒ hºn® sX‰¬sX-d-dn-t∏m-I-W-sa∂pw Dt±-in-°p-
∂p) F∂v ]d-™n-´p-≈Xpw CXn\v DZm-l-c-W-am-Ip-∂p. Chn-sSbpw IOGQG
s‚ {Inb-bm-Wp-f-f-Xv.
4815
(3) a\p-jys‚ "Cdm-ZØm'Ip∂ Dt±-iy-Øn\v apºv A√m-lp-hns‚ "Cdm-
ZØv' D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n√. ac-W-s∏Scp-sX∂v a\p-jy≥ Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
s°, Ah≥ ac-W-a-S-bp-hm≥ A√mlp Dt±-in-°m-dp-≠-t√m. F∂m¬ a\p-jys‚
"ain-øØm'Ip∂ Dt±iyw A√m-lp-hns‚ "ain-øtØm'SpIqSn am{Xta D≠m-hp-
I-bp-≈q. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG ¿hAÉ°ûJ Éeh (A-√mlpDt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-
√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-I-bn-√.) CXv "ain-øØm'Ip∂ Dt±-iy-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m Imcy-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ "ain-øØn's\ B{i-bn-®n-
cn-°p-∂X - p-sIm-≠mWv F√m-hcpw ¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG (A-√mlp Dt±-in-s®-¶n¬ "ain-øØn's\
D]-tbm-Kn®p) ]d-bp-∂Xv (18 : 69 epw a‰pw) aqkm \_n (A)bpw, (37 : 102 ¬)
Ckvam-Cu¬ \_n (A)bpw, (12 : 99)¬ bqkp^v \_n (A)bpw CtX-hmIyw
(¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG) D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-f-f-Xmbn ImWmw. Hcmƒ `mhn-bn¬ GsXmcp Imcyhpw
sNøp-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ ¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG F∂v ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°-cp-sX∂v \_n Xncp-ta\n
˜tbmSpw (kq: A¬Ilv^v; 23 ˛ 24¬) Iev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (äGOôØŸG øe `gG)
"Dt±iyw' c≠p-X-c-Øn-ep-s≠∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m. C∂-
Imcyw D≠m-h-Ww, As√-¶n¬ D≠m-h-cpXv F∂p≈ C—-bn¬\n∂pw B{K-l-
Øn¬\n∂pw D¤-hn-°p-∂-XmWv Ah-bn¬ H∂v. A°mcyw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-
∂-XmWv as‰m-∂v. H∂m-a-tØXv A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw IqSm-sX-Øs∂ D≠m-
hp-∂-Xpw, c≠m-a-tØXv A√mlphns‚ Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-IqSn am{Xw D≠m-Ip-∂-
Xp-am-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-bn. hm°¿∞w-am{Xw t\m°p-tºmƒ,
ain-øØpw Cdm-ZØpw XΩn¬ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hyXymkw ImWp-I-bn-s√-¶nepw,
{]tbm-KØ- n¬ Ah XΩn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ ta¬{]-kvXm-hn® hyXym-kß - ƒ {]tXyIw
a\- n-cp-tØ≠Xp≠v.
Izp¿-B≥ \¬Ip∂ Nne sXfn-hp-Iƒ

"IzZ-dn's\ ÿm]n-°p∂ At\Iw Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fp-≠v. t\sc-
a-dn®v AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-am-dp≈ Hscm‰ hmIyhpw AXn-en-√-Xm-\pw. IzZ-
dns‚ \ntj[w ap≥Iqń a\- n¬ Dd-∏n-®p-sh-°p-It- bm, \ntj-[Ø
- n\v sXfnhv
I≠p-In-´p-hm-\p-ff Xmev]cyw D≈n¬ Hfn-®p-sh-°p-Itbm sNbvXp-sIm≠v
Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßsf ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-bn¬ ]e-Xn-s\bpw Zp¿hym-
Jym\w sNøp-sa-∂pw, Nne-Xns‚ t\sc ImWm-Ø-`mhw \Sn-°p-sa∂pw \ap-
°-dn-bmw. F¶nepw kXym-t\z-jn-I-fpw, Izp¿-Bs‚ hy‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-
Isf A\yYm hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ CjvS-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cp-amb ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ°v
Ah XnI®pw a\- -am-[m\w \¬Ip-sa∂v Xo¿®- Xs∂. ( ≥aƒŸG ¬∏dGh) A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:˛
4816
(`q-an-bn-em-I-s´, \nß-fn¬ Xs∂˛ AYhm \nß-fp-sS tZl-ß-fn¬
Xs∂˛ BI-s´, GsXmcp _m[bpw AXns\ \mw krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-
\vap-ºmbn AsXmcp "InXm_n'¬ C√m-sX-bn-√. \n›-b-am-bpw, AXv A√m-
lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n mc Imcy-am-Ip-∂p. \nßƒ°v ]mgm-bn-t∏m-b-Xns‚ t]cn¬
\nßƒ k¶-S-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw, \nßƒ°v Ah≥ X∂-Xn-s\-∏-ddn \nßƒ
BÀm-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw th≠n-bm-Ip∂p AXv. Zpc-l-¶m-cn-bmb F√m
s]mß-®-°m-scbpw A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. kq: lZo-Zv 22,23)
lrZbw Xpd-∂p-sIm≠v Cu hN\w hmbn-®p-t\m-°p-I. ChnsS InXm_v
sIm≠p-t±-iyw, A√mlp-hns‚ Adn-thm, \n›-b-tam, hyh-ÿtbm, tcJtbm,
{KŸ-tam, "eulp¬a-lv^qtZm' GsX-¶n-ep-am-bn-s°m-≈-s´. (C-ß-s\-sb√mw
A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≠v.) GXm-bm-epw, `qan-bnepw a\p-jy-cnepw kw`-hn-°p∂ F√m
_m[bpw (áÑ«°üe) InXm_n¬ tcJ-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v A√mlp CXn¬ Xo¿Øp-]-d-
bp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ft∏m-gmWv AXv B InXm-_n¬ ÿew ]nSn-°p-∂Xv? AsX,
ÉgCGÈf ¿CG πÑb øe (A-Xns\ krjvSn-bn¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºm-bn-Ø-s∂.) AXns\
(Ég)F∂ k¿∆-\maw Ipdn-°p-∂Xv AXn-\p-ap-ºv {]kvXm-hn® ºµ°ùØfG , ¢VQC’G , áÑ«°üe
(_m-[, `qan, \nß-fpsS tZl-ßƒ) F∂n-h-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂n-s\-bm-bn-cn-
°pw. As√-¶n¬˛ Nne Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛ krjvSn-
Isf krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv F∂p-am-bn-cn-°mw. Ch-bn¬ GXv \mw kzoI-cn-
®mepw icn, Hcp _m[ {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn _m[n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ AsXmcp
InXm-_n¬ tcJ-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv. Cß-s\, F√m _m[-I-sfbpw
ap≥Iqń tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-°p-∂-Xn¬ A√m-lp-hn\v h√ {]bm-khpw D≠m-hm-
\pt≠m? C√. AXv A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw hfsc \n m-c-Im-cy-a-
s{X. (Ò°ùj ¬∏dG ≈∏Y ∂dP ¿EG)
F\n, Aßs\ ap≥Iqń tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn¬ (A-s√-¶n¬ Cu

bmYm¿∞yw Adn-bn-®p-X-∂-Xn¬) a\p-jy¿°v h√ {]tbm-P-\hpw Dt≠m?
Xo¿®-bmbpw D≠v. c≠v {]tbm-P-\-ßƒ AXn-ep-≠v. H∂v:ºµJÉa Ée ≈∏Y Gƒ°SCÉJ Ó«µd
(\n-ßƒ°v e`n-°msX ]mgm-bn-t∏m-b-Xns‚ t]cn¬ \nßƒ k¶-S-s∏-Sm-Xn-
cn-°p-hm≥.) as‰m∂v: ºcÉJG ÉÃ GƒMôØJ ’h (\n-ßƒ°h≥ X∂-Xn¬ \nßƒ BÀm-
Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw.) lm! F{X al-Ømb c≠v e£y-ßƒ?. a\p-jy≥
F{X-Xs∂ C—n-®m-epw {]h¿Øn-®mepw Ahs‚ Nne Dt±-iy-ßƒ Ah\v
km[n-®p-In-´m-dn√! At∏mƒ Ah\v \ncm-i-bpw, a\x-t¢-ihpw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
Nne-t∏mƒ, Bfl-l-Xy-t]m-se-bp≈ ISpw-ssI-Iƒ°v t]mepw Ah≥
apXn¿∂pt]m-Ip-∂p. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬, F√mw A√mlp \n›-bn-®-Xm-Wv,
AXn-e-∏pdw X\n-s°m∂pw t\cn-Sp-I-bn-√. Ah≥ \n›-bn-®Xv _m[n-°m-Xn-
cn-°-bp-an√ F∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Xß-fpsS k¶Sw Cd-°n-sh®p kam-
[m-\-a-S-bp-hm≥ G‰hpw \√ Hcp AØm-Wn-bs{X Cu hnizm-kw. t\sc-a-
dn®v Xßƒ Dt±-in-®-tXm, Dt±-in-°m-ØtXm Bb t\´-ßƒ ssIh-cp-tºmƒ
]ecpw AXn¬ BÀm-Z-Nn-Ø-cpw, Al-¶m-cn-I-fp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. A√mlp
4817
X\n°v IW-°m-°n-sh-®-Xm-Wn-Xv, F√mw Ahs‚ A\p-{K-l-am-Wv, Xs‚
kma¿∞ytam tbmKy-Xtbm sIm≠v kn≤n-®X - √ Fs∂ms° Hcmƒ°v t_m[-
ap-s≠-¶n¬, AXn-e-h\v Al-¶m-c-Øn-t\m, ]{Xm-kn-t\m, Zpc-`n-am-\-Ønt\m
hI-bn-√-Xm-\pw.
F√m Imcyhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ \n›-b-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv kw`-hn-°p-
∂-sX-∂pw, AXn-\-∏pdw bmsXm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p-ap≈ IzZdns‚
hnizm-kw, k¥m-]-Øn¬ a\p-jys\ £am-ep-hpw, kt¥m-j-Øn¬Ahs\
IrX-⁄-\p-am-°n-Øo¿°p-∂p. \ncm-i-bn¬\n∂pw [n°m-c-Øn¬\n∂pw
Ahs\ tamNn-∏n-°p-∂p. ]cm-P-b-Øn-¶¬ òcp-Xz-Øn\v ]Icw at\m-ho-cyhpw
ss[cyhpw \¬Ip∂p. hnP-b-Øn-¶¬, Al-¶m-c-Øn\v ]Icw hn\-bhpw
\µnbpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. a¿lqw Pam-ep-±o≥ A^vKm\n (*)bpsS Nne {]kvXm-
h-\I- ƒ Cu Ah-kc - Ø
- n¬ Hm¿a-hc - n-Ib
- m-Wv. hfsc sNdp-sX-¶nepw hnes∏´
Hcp {KŸ-as{X At±-l-Øns‚ "IzZzm IzZ¿' (Q~≤dGh AÉ° ≤dG) F∂ IrXn. -Cu
Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn® bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ bp‡n-bp‡w At±-l-a-
Xn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvemans‚ BZy-L-´ßfn¬ apkvenwIƒ°v e`n®
F√m t\´-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Im-cWw IzZ-dn-ep≈ hnizm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p-
sh-∂pw, ]n¬°m-eØv Ah¿°v t\cn´ F√m ]cm-P-b-ßƒ°pw ImcWw
B hnizm-k-Øn\v `wKw t\cn-´-Xm-sW∂pw At±lw AXn¬ ka¿∞n-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ A[x-]-X-\-ßƒ°v ImcWw IzZ-dn-ep≈
hnizm-k-am-sW∂v bqtdm-]y≥amcpw Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw P¬]n-°m-dp-
≈-Xns\ At±lw AXn¬ i‡n-bmbn JWvUn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
A{X-bp-a√ - , hnP-b{- io-em-fn-Xc
- mbn Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Adn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ t]¿kymbnse
Jpdipw (Cyrus) bq\m-\nse alm-\mb CkvI-¥dpw (Alexandre) Xm¿Xm-
dnse N¶o-kp-Jm\pw˛ {^m≥knse s\t∏m-fn-b≥ _qWm-_¿Øv Xs∂bpw
˛Iz-Zv-dn¬ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂-XmWv Ah-cpsS hnP-b-c-l-ky-sa-∂s{X
(*) Ckvemanse XXz-⁄m\n ΩÓ°SE’G º«µM F∂ ÿm\-t∏-cn¬

hnJym-X-\mb a¿lqw A√mam Pam-ep-±o≥ A^vKm\n (d) ]uckvXy
\mSpIsf ]e-\n-e°pw Xń-bp-W¿Ønb Hcp alm-]-WvUn-X\pw D∂X
Nn¥-I-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. lnPvdx 1254¬ Ak-Zm-_m-Zn-emWv P\-\w. A⁄-X-
°pw, A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw A\o-Xn-Iƒ°p-sa-Xn-cn¬ ac-Ww-hsc hoc-k-acw
\S-Ønb Hcp hn]vf-h-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Gjy-bnse am{X-a-√,
bqtdm-∏n-epw, B{^n-°b - n-ep-sa√mw At±-lØ
- ns‚ {]h¿Ø\-cw-Kß- f
- p-≠m-
bn-´p-≠v. IzZv-dns‚ \ntj-[n-I-fmb C∂sØ Nne ]WvUn-X≥am¿ At±-l-
sØ-∏‰n "apkvenwtem-IØv C∂o-Im-Wp∂ apgp-h≥ DW¿∆p-Iƒ°pw Imc-
W-`q-X≥' F∂p-t]mepw {]iw-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. CXv ]d-bp-tºmƒ
IzZzm-Iz-Zv-dns‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ B alm≥ Ch-cpsS FXn¿tN-cn-bn-em-Wp-≈-
sX∂ hkvXpX Ch¿ ad-°p-Itbm ad-bv°p-Itbm sNbvX-Xm-bn-cn-°mw.
4818
AXn¬ At±lw ka¿∞n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B sNdp-Ir-Xn-bnse c≠p-aq∂v hcn-
Iƒam{Xw ChnsS D≤-cn°mw:˛ -
kmcw: "Bbp-jvImew ¢n]vX-am-°-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂pw, Blmcw A√mlp G‰n-

´p-f-f-Xm-sW∂pw, Imcy-ß-sf√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ Iøn-emWv; Ah≥ Dt±-in-
®-t]mse AX-h≥ ssIImcyw sNøp∂p F∂pw hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ Xs‚
Ah-Im-i-Øn-\p-th≠n sNdp-°p-∂-Xn-epw, Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚tbm aX-Øn-
s‚tbm ap{Zm-hmIyw Db¿Øp-∂-Xn-epw, AXn¬ Xs‚-ta¬ A√mlp \n¿_-
‘-am-°n-bn-´p≈ IS-a -\n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xnepw Fß-s\-bmWv ac-WsØ `b-
s∏-SpI?! ssZhn-I-amb I¬]-\-Iƒ°pw, am\p-jn-I-amb kmaq-ly-aq-ey-
ßƒ°pw A\p-k-cn®v kXysØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-epw, bi v sIń-∏-Sp-
°p-∂-Xnepw [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-Xvaqew Zmcn{Zyw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥
Fßs\ t]Sn°pw?!'
taep-≤-cn® kq: lZo-Znse Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬
Camw dmkn (d) sNbvX {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS Nne `mK-ßƒIqSn Adn-bp-∂Xv
kµ¿t`m-Nn-Xa - m-Ip-∂p. AXn-ßns\ kw{K-ln°mw:˛ "CXns‚ t\sc apºsØ
ïdG IôØë ¤EG Gƒ≤HÉ°S F∂v XpS-ßp-∂) Bb-Øn¬ ]m]-tam-N-\hpw kz¿Khpw e`n-
°p-hm≥ apt∂m´v hc-W-sa∂v A√mlp Blzm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AXv
B¿°mWv e`n-°pI F∂pw, AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-am-Wv, Ah≥
Dt±-in-°p-∂h - ¿°v AXv e`n°pw F∂pw AXn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-
s\-Øp-S¿∂p-sIm-≠mWv F√m "apkzo-_Øpw' (_m-[-bpw) A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
aptº tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-®n-´p-s≠∂v Cu hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. `qan-
bnse "apkzo-_Øv' sIm≠p-t±-iyw, ag-bn-√m-bva, ImbvI-\n-I-fpsS Zu¿e`yw
apX-em-b-h-bm-sW-∂pw, tZl-Ønse "apkzo-_Øp' sIm≠p-t±iyw tcmKw,
Zmcn-{Zyw, k¥m-\-\jvSw BZn-bmb bmX-\-I-fm-sW∂pamWv Hc-`n-{]m-bw.
\√Xpw Xob-Xp-amb F√m _m[-Ifpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-∂mWv as‰m-c-`n-
{]mbw*. "]mgm-bn-t∏m-b-Xn¬ k¶-S-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw, X∂-Xn¬ BÀm-Zn-
°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw' (ïdG Gƒ°SCÉJ Ó«µd) F∂ hmIyw Cu c≠masØ A`n-{]m-b-
amWv icn-sb∂v ImWn-°p-∂p. F√m _m[bpw "Hcp InXm_n'¬ Ds≠-∂m-
Wt√m A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv.'
(*) "apkzo-_Øv' (áÑ«°üe) F∂ hm°n\v "_m[' As√-¶n¬ "_m[n-

°p-∂Xv' F∂¿∞w. B]-Øp-I-fn-emWv A[nIw Cu hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-
°m-dp-≈-Xv. CXmWv c≠-`n-{]m-b-ßƒ°v Imc-Ww.
4819
ChnsS ]eXpw Adn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-´p-s≠∂ apJ-hp-c-tbmsS ]n∂oSv
dmko (d) XpS-cp∂p: "(1) `qan-bnse kw`-h-ß-sf√mw kw`-hn°pw apºp-Xs∂
Ah "eulp¬ alv^qZzn'¬ tcJs∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°pw. CXn\v "apX-I-√n-ap-
Iƒ' (hn-izmk imkv{X-]W - vUn-X≥am¿) ]e Imc-Wß - ƒ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v...........
(2) kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ F√m kw`-h-ßfpw A√mlp

Adnbpw F∂p-f-f-Xn\v Cu BbØv sXfn-hm-sW-∂mWv lnim-ap-_v\p¬
lIw (ºµ◊G øH ΩÉ°ûg) Hgn®v (*) Xulo-Zn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ `qcn-`mKw Bfp-I-fp-
sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw.
(3) "\nß-fpsS tZl-ß-fn¬ _m[n-°p∂ "apkzo-_Øv' F∂v ]d-

™m¬, a\p-jy-cpsS ]m]-ßfpw Ahn-izm-khpw Dƒs∏-Spw. At∏mƒ, a\p-
jys‚ F√m {]hr-Øn-Ifpw t\csØ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn¬ hyXymkw t\cn-
SpI Akw-`-hy-hp-am-Wv....'
dmko (d) XpS- c p∂p: "AXns\ \mw krjv S n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ p- a pºv

(ÉgCGÈf ¿CG πÑb øe) F∂ hm°ns‚ Dt±-iyw, B apkzo-_-Øns\ As√-¶n¬ `qan-
sb, As√-¶n¬ tZl-ßsf krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv F∂m-bn-cn-°mw. apkzo-
_-Øns\ krjvSn°pw apºv F∂v sh°p-∂-XmWv IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbmPyw.
a‰p≈ A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw sX‰√ ....]n∂oSv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: Ò°ùj ¬∏dG ≈∏Y ∂dP ¿EG
(\n-›-b-ambpw AXv A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n m-c-am-b-Xm-Wv.) F√mw ap≥Iqń
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-tXm, Ah-cpsS B[n-Iytam H∂pw Ah-s\mcp {]iv\-a√
F∂v km-cw. ïdG ôª©e øe ôª©j Éeh F∂ (kq: ^mXzn¿ 11 ˛mw) Bb-Øn-teXv
t]mep≈ Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-bmWv CXpw. (Hmtcm kv{Xobpw K¿`w [cn-°p-∂-
Xpw, {]k-hn-°p-∂X - pw, GsXm-cmƒ°pw Zo¿Lm-bpt m A¬∏m-bpt m \¬I-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sa√mw Xs∂ Hcp InXm-_n¬ C√m-sX-bn-√, AXv A√m-lp-hn-s‚-
ta¬ \n m-c-am-b-Xm-Ip-∂p, F∂mWv dmko (d) Nq≠n-°m-ńb Bb-Øn¬
]d-bp-∂-Xv.)
At±lw ho≠pw XpS-cp∂p: "Alvepp-kp-∂-Øns‚ A`n-{]m-bw,

temIØv \S-°p∂ F√m Imcy-ß-fpw˛ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv kw`-hn-°-epw, kw`-
hn-°m-ØXv kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°-epw˛ A\n-hm-cy-am-sW-∂m-Ip-∂p. CXmWv ]c-
am¿∞-hpw. ImcWw:
(1) GsX-√m-amWv kw`-hn-°pI F∂v A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. At∏mƒ,
kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥ Adn-bp∂ GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcyw kw`-hn-°msX
hcp-∂-]£w Ahs‚ PvRm\w A⁄m-\-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
(*) Hcp apgpØ ioB t\Xm-hmWv Ct±-lw.
4820
(2) kw`-hn-°p-∂h kw`-hn-°-W-sa∂v A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂p.
AXn¬ h√Xpw kw`-hn-°mØ ]Ivjw Ahs‚ Dt±iyw ("a-in-ø-Øv')
hymtamlw am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw.
(3) A√m-lp-hns‚ Ignhv (IQ~≤dG) kw`-h-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Ah kw`-hn-°msX hcp-∂-]£w B Ignhv Ign-hp-tI-Sm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m.
(4) Ah≥ Dt±-in-®Xv kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Ahs‚

hN\w kXy-hp-am-Wv. At∏mƒ GsX-¶n-ep-sam∂v kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p∂
]£w, Ah≥ ]d-™Xv If-hm-bn-Øo-cpw. Cu hkvXp-X-I-sf√mw a\- n-em-
°n-b-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw B]-Øp-Iƒ \n m-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
AsX, ÖFÉ°üŸG ¬«∏Y âfÉg Q~≤dG ‘ ¬∏dG ô°S ±ôY øe(A-√m-lp-hns‚ IzZvd
- n-eS- ß
- nb clkyw
a\- n-em-°n-b-h¿°v B]-Øp-Iƒ Ffp-Xm-bn-Øo-cpw.)'
dmko (d) XpS-cp∂p: "apAvXknex' I£n-sb-∏‰n ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬, Ign-hnepw Dt±-i-yØnepw ( IQ~b epw IOGQG -epw) Ah¿ `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-°m-
cm-sW-¶nepw * Adn-hnepw h¿Ø-am-\-Ønepw (º∏Y epw ÈN epw )Ah¿ \tΩmSv
tbmPn-°p-∂p-≠v. ** Cu c≠v KpW-ß-fpw˛ A√mlp F√mw Adn-bp-sa∂pw
Ah≥ ]d-bp-∂-sX√mw kXy-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-tXm-sS-Øs∂ \ΩpsS ta¬
apAvXknex Btcm-]n-°p∂ "P_v¿ (\n¿_-‘-hm-Zw) Ah¿°v _m[-I-am-
Wv. (***) Cu "P_vdn'\v hntcm-[-an-s√-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v at‰ "P_vdpw'
Bbn-°qSm?! (****) Hcp Xc-Øn¬ t\m°p-tºmƒ, XXz-im-kv{X-°m-cpsS A`n-
{]mbw kzoI-cn-®m¬, AXnepw a\p-jy≥ Nne \n¿_-‘-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-\m-
(*) a\p-jy\v Ahs‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈

]cn-]q¿W Ign-hp-≠v. AXn¬ A√m-lp-hn‚ Dt±-i-Øn\v ]¶n√ F∂mWv
"apAvXkn-exbp'sS hmZw. AXm-Wn-hnsS dmkn (d) Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv.
(**) A√mlp F√m Imcyhpw Adn-bp-sa-∂pw, Ahs‚ {]kvXm-
h-\-I-sf√mw kXyw-Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw \sΩ-t∏mse apAvXkn-
exbpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
(***) F√m Imcy-ßfpw C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-sa∂v A√mlp ap≥Iqń
\n›-bn-®n-cn-°-bm¬, a\p-jy≥ tIhew X\n b{¥w t]mse \n¿_-‘n-
X≥ am{X-am-sW-∂pw, a\p-jy\v bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ kzmX-{¥ytam
Ignthm Cs√-∂p-ap≈ hmZ-Øn-\mWv "P_v¿' (È÷G) F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
(****) Adn-hn-s‚-bpw, h¿Ø-am-\-Øn¬ kXy-X-bp-sSbpw Imc-W-
ambn D≠m-Ip∂ "P_vdn'\p hntcm-[-an-s√-¶n¬, Dt±-iy-Øn-s‚bpw Ign-
hn-s‚bpw Imc-W-ambn G¿s∏-Sp∂ "P_vdpw' F¥p-sIm≠v \ymbo-I-cn-
®p-IqSm F∂¿∞w.
4821
sW∂v ImWm-hp-∂X - mWv ............ F\n, {]Ir-Xn-hm-Z°
- m-sc-∏‰n ]d-bp∂ ]£w,
Ah¿ ssZhnI {]h¿Ø\-ßsf \ntj-[n-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬t]m-epw, Imcy-ßƒ
kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv bmZr-ivNn-I-am-bn-´m-sWt∂m at‰m Ahcpw ]d-bm-sX-h-ø.
At∏mgpw a\p-jy≥, XnI®pw Xs‚ lnXhpw C—bpw (QÉ«àNE’G) A\p-k-cn-®√
\ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX-∂pw, at‰tXm Xc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hnt[-b-
\m-sW∂pw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, Hcp {]Im-c-Øn-e-s√-
¶n¬ as‰mcp {]Im-cØ- n¬, a\p-jy≥ Nne \n¿_-‘ß - ƒ°v hnt[-b\ - m-sW∂v
hnti-j-_p-≤n-bp≈ B¿°pw kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI km[y-a√:˛
"apAvXknex' I£n-bp-sSbpw "P_vcnøx' I£n-bp-sSbpw \ymb-ßfpw

a‰pw hnh-cn-®-tijw Ahsc Nq≠n-s°m≠v dmko (d) Cßs\ D]-kw-l-cn-
°p∂p: "Cu \ymb-ß-sfms° IzZv-dn-s\bpw P_vdn-s\bpw kw_-‘n® sXfn-
hp-I-fm-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn-epw, Hmtcm I£nbpw AXm-Xns\ sIń-∏p-W¿∂p-
sIm- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X nepw _p≤n- P o- h n- I ƒ B›- c y- s ∏- S p- I - b mWv!'
(É°üî∏e 8 : 89, 88 ¢U …RGôdG Ò°ùØJ øe)
A[nI hnh-c-W-sam∂pw IqSm-sX-Ø-s∂, kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v hnj-

b-Øns‚ bYm¿∞w a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ DX-Ip∂ A¬]w Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-
ßƒIqSn ChnsS D≤-cn-°mw. a\- m-£n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-sbm∂v hmbn®p
t\m°p-I. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
51 áHƒàdG : ¿ƒ∏cƒàŸG πcƒà«∏a ¬∏dG ≈∏Yh Éf’ƒe ƒg Éæd ¬∏dG Öàc Ée ’G ÉæÑ«°üj ød πb
(]-d-bpI: A√mlp Rßƒ°v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-X-√m-sX, Rßƒ°v

_m[n-°p-I-bn√ Xs∂. Ah≥ Rß-fpsS bP-am-\-\m-Ip-∂p. `c-ta¬]n-°p-
∂-h¿ A√m-lp-hn¬ `c-ta¬]n®p sIm≈-s´. (kq: Xu_x) \_n °pw ˜
A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw \∑-h-cp-tºmƒ shdp-∏pw, Xn∑-h-cp-tºmƒ BÀm-Zhpw
ImWn-°p-∂-h-tcmSmWv Cßs\ ]d-bp-hm≥ A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS
Öàc Ée F∂ hm°n\v t\csØ hnh-cn® A¿∞-ß-fn¬ GX¿∞w sImSp-
Ømepw icn, A√mlp apºv \n›-bn-®tX kw`-hn-°p-Ib- p-≈q-sh∂mWv Bb-
Øns‚ kmcw F∂v hy‡w.
154 :¿GôªY ∫BG - º¡©LÉ° e ¤EG πà≤dG º¡«∏Y Öàc øjòdG RÈd ºµJƒ«H ‘ ºàæc ƒd πb
(]d-bpI: \nßƒ \nß-fpsS hoSp-I-fn-em-bn-cp-∂mepw bmsXm-cp-h-

cpsS ta¬ sIme \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p˛ sIm√-s∏-Sp-sa∂v hn[n-°-s∏-ń-
cn-°p-∂p˛ thm Ah¿ Xß-fpsS ac-W-s∏´v hogp∂ ÿe-ß-fn-te°v ]pd-s∏-
4822
´p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. (B-ep-Cw-dm≥) a\-an-√m-a-\-t msS bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ
I]-S-hn-izmknIƒ, "Rßƒ°v Imcy-Øn¬ h√ A[n-Im-chpw D≠m-bn-cp-
s∂- ¶ n¬ Chn- s S- s h®v sIm√- s ∏- t S- ≠ n- h- c p- a m- b n- c p- ∂ n- √ t√m
(Éæ¡g Éæ∏àb Ée A»°T ôeC’G øe Éæd ¿Éc ƒd) F∂v ]d-™-Xn\v "adp-]-Sn-bmWv Cu hmIyw'
Chn-sSbpw Öàc bpsS A¿∞w ta¬{]-Imcw Xs∂.
2:ΩÉ©fC’G -¿hÎ“ ºàfG ºK √~æY ≈ª°ùe πLG h ÓLG ≈° b ºK ÚW øe ºµ≤∏N …òdG ƒg
(A-h-\-s{X, \nßsf Ifn-a-Æn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®-h≥. ]n∂o-S-h≥

Hcp Ah[n hn[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. \n¿Wbn-°-s∏´ Hcp Ah[n
Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ D≠p-Xm-\pw. ]ns∂bpw \nßƒ ktµ-l-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p∂p! (A≥-Bw.) ac-W-Øn\v apºp-Xs∂ Bbp-jv°m-em-h[n \n›-bn-°-
s∏´p Ign-™n-´p-s≠∂v Cu hN\w hy‡-am-°p-∂p. {]IrXn \nb-a-{]-Imcw
a\p-jy≥ acn-t®-°p∂ kzm`m-hn-I-amb Imem-h-[n-bm-Wn-hnsS "\n¿Wbn-°-
s∏´ Ah[n (≈ª°ùe πLG) sIm≠v Dt±-iy-sa-∂p-sh-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. h√
IS-an-S-]m-Sp-Ifpw \S-Øp-tºmƒ AXns‚ \n›nX Ah-[n-h-tc°pw AXv
FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-°Ww (≈ª°ùe πLG ¤EG √ƒÑàcÉa) F∂v kqd- Ø p¬
_Izdxbn¬ A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXXv CS-]m-Sp-I-fpsS kzm`m-hn-I-
amb km[m-cW Ah-[n-hsc F∂v CXn-\¿∞-an-√-t√m. AtX hm°v
(≈ª°ùe πLG) Xs∂-bmWv Chn-sS-bp-ap-≈-Xv. At∏mƒ, Hmtcm-cp-h-s‚bpw Bbp-
jvIm-eØ - ns‚ IrXy-amb Ah[n A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ t\c-sØ-Øs∂
tcJ-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v Xs∂-bmWv Bb-Øns‚ kmcw.
(F√m Ah-[n°pw Hcp {KŸw˛ AYhm tcJ ˛D-≠v. A√mlp Dt±-

in-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ ambn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bpw, ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. aqe-
{K-Ÿw˛ AYhm tI{µ-tc-J˛ Ahs‚ ]°-ep-≠v -Xm-\pw. dAvZv.) Chn-sS-bpw-
Xs∂ InXm-_n\v hm°¿∞w F¥v sIm-Sp-Ømepw icn, Hmtcm Imcy-Øn\pw
Hmtcm {]tXyI Ah[n \n›-bn-®n-´p-s≠-∂pw, AXns‚ ssIIm-cy-ßƒ A√m-
lp-hns‚ Iøn-em-sW-∂pw, F√m-‰n-s\bpw kw_-‘n® aqe-tcJ Ahs‚ ]°-
ep-s≠-∂p-amWv Bb-Øns‚ hnh-£.
(A-Zr-iy-Im-cy-Øns‚ Xmt°m-ep-Iƒ Ahs‚ ASp-°-em-Wv. Ah-

\-√msX AXv Adn-bp-I-bn-√. Ic-bn-ep-≈Xpw IS-en-ep-≈Xpw Ah≥ Adn-bp-
∂p. Hcp Cebpw Ah≥ Adn-bmsX hogp-∂n-√. `qan-bpsS A‘-Im-c-ß-fn-
4823
ep≈ Hcp [m\y-a-Wn-bm-I-s´, Hcp Cud-ap≈ hkvXp-hm-I-s´, Hcp DW-ßnb
hkvXp-hm-I-s´, kv]jvS-amb Hcp InXm-_n¬ ˛tc-J-bn¬˛ C√m-Xn-√. (A≥-
Bw.) `qan-bn¬ \S-°p∂ F√m kw`-hß - fpw, F√m ad-™I - m-cyhpw A√mlp
Adn-bp-sa∂pw, F√mw Hcp tcJ-bn¬ tcJ-s∏´p InS-∏p-s≠-∂p-amWv A√mlp
Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ Adn-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn H∂pw kw`-
hn-°p-I-bp-an-√. F∂n-cn-s°, a\p-jys‚ {]hr-Øn-I-sf-am{Xw CXn¬\n∂v Hgn-
hm-°p-hm-\pw, Ahs‚ Adn-hn¬ s]Sm-ØtXm AXn\v \nc-°m-ØtXm Bb
h√ {]hr-Ønbpw a\p-jy\v sNøm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v sh°p-hm\pw bmsXmcp
\ymbhpw C√. Hs∂m-gn-bmsX F√m Imcyhpw F∂s{X "Cud-ap-≈Xpw DW-
ßn-bXpw' sIm≠v hnh-£.)
(F√m s]Æpw K¿`w [cn-°p-∂-Xpw, K¿`-]m-{X-ßƒ Npcp-ßp-∂-

Xpw, AXv h¿≤n-°p-∂Xpw A√mlp Adn-bp-∂p. F√m Imcy-hpw˛ AYhm
hkvXp-hpw˛ Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ Hcp tXmX\pkcn-®m-Ip-∂p. (A-h≥) AZr-
iyhpw Zriyhpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. alm-\m-Wv, D∂-X-\m-bp-f-f-h-\m-Wv. (d-
AvZv) "Hmtcm Imcy-hpw, Hmtcm hkvXphpw C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂
icn-bmb Afhpw IW°pw A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep-s≠∂pw AX-\p-k-cn®v am{Xta
F¥pw {]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-I-bp-≈p-sh∂pw Cu hN-\-Øn¬\n∂pw kv]jvSw-
X-s∂. a\p-jy≥ sNøp∂ I¿aß-sf-am{Xw CXn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°m≥
bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-√. \ymb-hp-an-√.)
(F√m Imcy-Øn\pw A√mlp Hcp "IzZv¿' G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. (Xz-

em-Izv.) apºv I≠-Xp-t]m-se, "IzZv¿' F∂ hm°n\v "tXmXv, Af-hv, hyh-
ÿ, IW-°v, \n›bw' F∂n-ßs\ GsX-¶nepw Hcp hm°n¬ A¿∞w
I¬]n-®p-sIm-≈p-I. sNdp-sX-t∂m-, hep-sX-t∂m, a\p-jy-s‚-sX-t∂m, A√m-
Ø-sXt∂m hyXym-k-an-√msX kIe Imcy-Øn\pw Hcp hyhÿ A√mlp
\n›-bn®p sh®n-´p-s≠∂v Cu hN-\hpw hy‡-am-°p-∂p.)
Hmtcm-∂n\pw Hmtcm "IzZv¿' G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v (GQ~b A»°T ºµd π©L)

F∂pw, F√m-‰n\pw Hmtcm "anIzvZm¿' D≠v (QG~≤Ã √~æY A»°T πch) F∂pw ]d-
™Xv temI-Øns‚ s]mXp-hy-hÿ - sb Dt±-in-®m-sW∂mWv IzZvdns\ \ntj-
[n-°p-∂-h¿ hmZn®p ImWp-∂-Xv. Cu hmZw kΩ-Xn®p sImSpØm¬X-s∂-
bpw, a\p-jys‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ Xp-S-ßnb Hmtcm temI-Im-cy-ß-fpw, ]c-am-Wp-
sXm´v BIm-i-tem-I-ßƒh-sc-bp≈ Hmtcm hkvXp-°fpw C∂n-∂-{]-Imcw
4824
am{Xta D≠m-hm≥ ]mSp-≈q-sh∂v kp\n-›n-X-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ Hcp \nba hyh-
ÿ-bm-bn-cn°pw AsX∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv. Imc-Ww, A√mlp \n›-bn-°p∂
GsXmcp hyh-ÿbpw ]cn-]q¿Whpw kkq-£vahpw Bbn-cn-°p-at- √m. AYhm
a\p-jy-cp-tS-Xp-t]mse GI-tZi cq]-Øn-ep-≈tXm A]q¿Wtam Bbn-cn-°-
bn-√. A√mlp kq£va-⁄\pw k¿∆-⁄-\p-am-W-t√m. ASpØ Bb-Øn¬
{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, F{X \n m-c-Im-cyhpw Ahs‚ {i≤-bn¬ s]Sm-
Xn-cn-°b
- n-√. At∏mƒ, Ah≥ \n›-bn-°p∂ Hmtcm hyh-ÿb - p-sSbpw, Ah≥
\n›- b n- ° p∂ Hmtcm Imcy- I m- c - W - _ - ‘ - Ø n- s ‚bpw ASn- ÿ m- \ - Ø n¬
Fs¥√mw \S- ° pw, F{X- s b√mw \S- ° pw, Fß- s \- s b√mw \S°pw
Fs∂ms° XnI®pw hni-Z-amb cq]-Øn¬Xs∂ Dƒs°m≈p∂ Hcp kp\n-
›n-XXzw AXn¬ A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXn-√m-Ø-]-£w, Ahs‚ B
hyh-ÿ-Iƒ tIhew a\p-jys‚ krjvSn-bmb `c-W-L-S-\-Iƒ°v kam-\-am-
bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-tb-≠n-hcpw! Hcp cmjv{S-Øns‚ `c-W-L-S-\-b-\p-k-cn®v
B cmPyØv Nne-sX√mw \S-t∂-°p-sa∂ Hcp A\p-am\w AXns‚ I¿Øm-
°ƒ sNbvXn-cn-°pw F∂-√msX Ft∏mƒ F¥v Fß-s\-sb√mw kw`-hn-
°p-sa∂ Hcp GI-tZ-i-\n¿Wbw t]mepw AXns‚ \n¿am-Xm-°ƒ°v ap≥Iqń
hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠m-W-t√m, `c-W-L-S-
\m-I¿Øm-°ƒ Xs∂ CS-°nsS B `c-W-L-S\ am‰m\pw t`Z-KXn sNøm\pw
apXn¿∂pIm-Wp-∂-Xpw, AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \S-∏n-em-°-s∏-Sp∂ Nne
Imcy-ßƒ AXns‚ Xs∂ e£y-Øn\v hncp-≤-ambn ]e-t∏mgpw A\p-`-
hs∏Sp∂-Xpw. A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-ßƒ a\p-jys‚ Dul-Øn\pw, A\p-am-
\-Øn\pw AXo-X-am-sW∂v Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
(A-Zr-iysØ Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ah≥. BIm-i-ß-fn-em-I-s´, `qan-

bn-em-I-s´, Hcp AWp-Øq-°hpw Ah-\n¬\n∂v hn´p-t]m-Ip-I-bn-√. AXn-s\-
°mƒ sNdp-Xm-I-s´, hep-Xm-Is´ Hcp kv]jvS-amb {KŸ-Øn¬ C√m-sX-bp-
an-√. (k-_-Dv) CtX-am-Xncn as‰mcp Izp¿-B≥hm-NIw kq: bq\pkv 61 epw
ImWmw.)
(B-Im-i-Ønepw `qan-bn-ep-ap-≈Xv A√mlp Adn-bp-∂p-sh∂v \n\-

°-dn-™p-IqtS? \n›-b-ambpw AsXmcp {KŸ-Øn-ep≠v. \n›-b-am-bpw, AXv
A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ \n m-c-am-b-Xm-Wv. (l-÷v). Bb-Øns‚ HSp-hn-esØ
hmNIw {]tXyIw a\- n-cp-Øp-I.)
4825
(]-d-bpI: \n›-b-ambpw Fs‚ d∫v Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v D]-

Po-h\w hnim-e-am-°p-I-bpw, IpSp- m-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]t£, a\p-jy-cn¬
A[n-I-amfpw Adn-bp-∂n-√. (k-_-Dv.) Cu hnjbw Izp¿-B-\n¬ Bh¿Øn®p
]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. Blm-c-am¿Kw e`n-°p-∂Xv Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw C—-
tbm, kma¿∞ytam {]h¿Ø-\tam A\p-k-cn-®-s√-∂pw, {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Ah-
sb√mw AXn\v Imc-Wß - ƒ Xs∂-bm-sW-¶nepw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw A\p-
k-cn-®mWv AXn¬ G‰-°p-d-hp-≠m-Ip-∂-sX∂pw Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp
hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv Htc-\n-e-°pw, Htc kml-
N-cy-Ønepw Htc-am-Xncn bXv\n-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ°v e`y-am-Ip∂ A≤zm-\-
êw hyXy-kvX-\n-e-bn-embn \mw ImWp-∂-Xpw. At∏mƒ, a\p-jys‚ D]-
Po-h-\-am¿K-ß-fpw, Ah-bpsS e`y-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-i-ya-\p-kn-®m-
sW-∂n-cn-s°, Ahs‚ \∑-Xn≥a-I-fm-Ip∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS B \nb-a-
Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-hm-\pw, AXn¬ a\p-jys‚ Dt±-iyØnt∂ ÿm\-ap≈q
F∂v sh°p-hm\pw F¥v bp‡n-bm-Wp-≈Xv?!
(\n-ßƒ c≠p-t]cpw hn[n-b-t\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Imcyw Xocp-

am\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. (bq-kp-^v.) bqkp^v \_n (A)-tbm-sSm∏w Pbn-
en-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ c≠p-t]¿ Xßƒ I≠ kz]v\-^-e-ß-sf-∏‰n At\z-jn-®-
t∏mƒ, Hcmƒ Pbn¬ hnap-‡-\m-hp-sa-∂pw, at‰-bmƒ Ipcn-in-te-‰-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw
At±lw AXn\v hymJym\w \¬In. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v At±lw ]d™
hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. AXm-bX
- v, B hymJym-\Ø- n¬ kwibn-t°-≠X - n-√. AXv A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ Xocp-am\w Ign-™ Imcy-amWv F∂v kmcw. IzZ-dns\ \ntj-[n-
°p-∂-h¿°v Cu hmIy-Øn\v Ah-cpsS hI ]pXnb A¿∞-hym-Jym\w Bh-
iy-am-W-t√m. BI-bm¬ "\nßƒ At\z-jn® Imcy-Øns‚ hn[n CXm \¬In-
°-gn™p' Fs∂mcp ]pXnb A¿∞-amWv Ah¿ Cu hmIy-Øn\v I¬]n-
°p-∂-Xv. Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ ]cn-N-b-ap≈ Hcp \njv]-£-lr-Z-b\pw CXv icn-
sh-°p-sa∂v \ap°v tXm∂p-∂n-√.
At∏mƒ, IW-°m-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ B sh≈w Iqń-

apń (Iz-a¿). BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v AXn-h¿j-hpw, `qan-bn¬\n∂v Aan-X-amb Dd-
hp-aqehpw D≠mb sh≈-s∏m-°-ßƒ tN¿∂v A√mlp apºv IW-°m-°n-
sh® B kw`-hw˛ \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X-bpsS \miw˛ D≠mbn F∂v
kmcw. \qlv (A)s‚ P\X At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, Ahsc
4826
Pe-{]-fbw hgn ap°n-\-in-∏n-°p-sa-∂pw, AXv C∂n∂ hn[-Øn-emWv kw`-
hn-°p-I-sb∂pw A√mlp ap≥Iqń IW-°m-°n-bn-´p-s≠∂v Cu hN-\-
Øn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-W-t√m. "\ns‚ P\-X-bn¬\n∂v hniz-kn-®p-I-gn™ Bfp-
I-f-√msX F\n Bcpw hniz-kn-°p-I-bn√' (øeBG ~b øe ’EG ∂eƒb øe øeDƒj ød) F∂v
Adn-bn-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp∂p Pe-{]-fb
- Ø
- n¬\n∂v c£-{]m-]n-°p-hm-\p≈ I∏¬
\n¿am-W-Øn\pw a‰pw \qlv \_n (A)-tbmSv A√mlp I¬]n-®n-cp∂sX∂
hkvXp-Xbpw ChnsS {it≤-b-am-Wv. a\p-jy-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS
lnX-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv F√mw \S-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ Cu Adn-bn-∏n\v ÿm\-an-√-
t√m.
(\mw Ah-cnte°v ae-°p-Isf Cd-°p-Ib

- pw, ac-Ws
- ∏-´h
- ¿ Ah-tcmSv
kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw, F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw Iq´w-Iq-ámbn \mw Ah¿°v Hcp-
an-®p-Iq-´p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-√msX Ah¿ hniz-
kn-°p-I-bn-√. F¶n-epw, Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-amfpw A⁄-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv)
(A≥-Bw). A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iyw-Iq-SmsX Ah¿ Hcn-°epw hniz-kn-°-bn-
s√∂v kmcw.
(C-Xv˛ Izp¿-B≥˛ temI¿°p-th-≠n-bp≈ Hcp D]-tZ-iw˛ AYhm

kvac-W˛ A√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√. AXm-b-Xv, \nß-fn¬\n∂v sNm∆n\v \n¬°p-
hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v. temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-
e-√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-I-bp-an-√). (XIvho¿.) as‰√m Imcy-ß-sfbpw
t]mse-Øs∂ a\p-jys‚ Dt±-iyß-fpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw IqSmsX
kw`-hn-°p-Ib- n-s√∂v A√mlp CXn¬ kv]jvSa - m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ChnsS "ain-
øØm'Ip∂ Dt±-iy-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv˛ "Cdm-ZØm'Ip∂ Dt±-iy-sØ-°p-dn-®-
√˛ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. c≠pw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw
\mw apºv Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-´p-≠-t√m. Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ F\nbpw [mcmfw
D≤-cn-°p-hm-\p-s≠-¶nepw IqSp-X¬ D≤-cn®p Zo¿Ln-∏n-°p-∂n-√.
4827
Nne \_n hN-\-ßƒ

kz¥w Bi- b - ß ƒ°pw Xm¬]- c y- ß ƒ°pw FXn- c m- b n- ° -
≠m¬t]mepw Izp¿B≥ hmIy-ßsf ]msS \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ apkvenwI-sf∂v
hmZn-°p∂ Hcmfpw ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Ib
- n-√t- √m. ]t£, Xßƒ°v tbmPn-°m-hp∂
A¿∞-hym-Jym-\-ßƒ \¬In kam-[m-\n-°p-I-tbm, au\w Ah-ew-_n-°p-
Itbm Bbn-cn°pw sNøp-I. lZo-Yns\ At]-£n-®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ hymJym\
km[yX IqSp-X-ep-≈Xv Izp¿-B-\n-em-Wp-Xm\pw. Izp¿-Bs‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-
ß-fm-I-sIm≠v Xmc-X-tay\ hymJym\ km[yX lZo-Yn¬ Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°pw.
IqSm-sX, Izp¿-Bs‚ hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ°v FXn-cm-bn-°m-Wp∂ lZo-
Yp-Iƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xn√ F∂p-≈Xv Hcp AwKo-IrX \nb-a-hpamWv. AXn-
\m¬, Xß-fpsS Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-ambn tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ lZo-Yp-
Iƒ ImWp-tºmƒ˛ Ah F{X-Xs∂ _e-s∏-´Xpw \yq\-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-bn-
cp-∂mepw icn˛ Ah Izp¿-B∂v FXn-cm-sW∂v ka¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v X≈n-°-
f-bp-I-bmWv Ah-cpsS ]Xn-hv. F∂n-cn-s°, Aß-s\-bp-≈-h-cpsS apºn¬
lZo-Yp-I-fpsS sXfn-hp-Iƒ°v henb ÿm\-sam-∂p-an-√. F¶n-epw, ip≤-lr-
Z-b-cmb kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Nne lZo-Yp-IƒIqSn ChnsS D≤-cn-°p-
∂p. IzZ-dns‚ hnj-b-hp-ambn F{Xtbm lZo-Yp-Iƒ D≤-cn-°p-hm-\p-s≠-¶nepw
amXr-I-°mbn Nne-Xp-am{Xw ImWpI:˛
(1) \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn C_v\p Da¿ (d) D≤-cn-

°p∂p: (º∏°ùe) - ïdG áæ°S ∞dCGÚ°ùªîH ¢VQC’Gh äGhÉª°ùdG ≥∏îj ¿G πÑb ≥FÓÿG ôjOÉ≤e Öàc ¬∏dG ¿G (B-
Im-i-`q-an-Isf krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\v Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√w apºv A√mlp
krjvSn-I-fpsS "anIzvZm-dp-Iƒ'˛ Afhpw tXmXpw˛ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
(apkvenw) krjvSn-Isf kw_-‘n® s]mXp-hy-h-ÿ-bmWv Cu lZoYn¬
Dt±-in-°s - ∏-´s
- X∂v kwi-bn-°p-∂] - £w ASpØ lZo-YpIƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ
B kwibw Xocp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
(2) C_v\p akv-DuZv (d) D≤-cn-°p-∂Xpw A¬]w Zo¿L-hp-amb Hcp

lZo-Yn¬ \_n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ Npcp-°-an-XmWv: "\nß-fn-sem-cp-h≥ ˜
Ahs‚ amXm-hns‚ hb-‰n¬ \mev]Xv Znhkw C{µn-ba - mbpw \mev]Xv Znhkw
c‡-°-´-bm-bpw, \mev]Xv Znhkw amwk-]n-WvU-ambpw Ign-bpw. A\-¥cw
\mev hm°p-Iƒ klnXw Hcp ae-°ns\ A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-°pw. Ahs‚
I¿aw, Bbp-jvIm-ew, Blm-cw, Ah≥ `mKy-hm-t\m, `mKyw sI´-ht\m F∂o
4828
\mev Imcy-ßƒ At±lw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øpw. ]n∂oSv Ah\v Poh≥ DuX-s∏-
Spw. A√mlp Xs∂-bmW kXyw! \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ kz¿K-°m-cpsS {]hr-
Øn-Iƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-s°, kz¿K-Øn\pw Ah-\p-an-Sb - n¬ Hcp apgw am{Xw
Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬, B tcJ Ah-\n¬ ap≥I-S°pw (A-Xn-P-bn-
°pw) At∏mƒ, Ah≥ \c-I° - m-cpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøpw. Aßs\, AXn¬
{]th-in-°pw. \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ \c-I-°m-cpsS {]h-rØnIƒ sNbvXp-sIm≠n-
cns° \c-Ih - pw Ah\pw XΩn¬ Hcp-apgw am{Xw Ah-ti-jn°p-tºmƒAhs‚
tcJ Ah-\n¬ ap≥I-S-°p-∂p. F∂n-´-h≥ kz¿K-°m-cpsS {]hr-Øn-sN-øp-
∂p. Aßs\ Ah≥ kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°pw.' (_p-Jmcn; apkvenw.)
(3) Aen (d) ]d-bp∂p: \_n˜ ]d™p: "\nß-fn¬ Hcmƒ Xs∂
\c-I-Øn¬\n-∂p-ff Ahs‚ Ccn-∏n-S-hpw, kz¿K-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ Ahs‚ Ccn-
∏n-S-hpw, tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cn-√.' kzlm-_n-Iƒ tNmZn®p: "dkq-te,
F∂m¬ \ap°v \ΩpsS InXm-_ns\ (B tcJ-sb) Bkv]-Z-am°n Ccn-°p-
I-bpw, I¿a-ßsf Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-IqtS?' Xncp-ta\n ]d™p:
"\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥. F√m-hcpw Ah-c-h¿ F¥n-\mbn krjvSn-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂pthm AXn-te°v kuIcyw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Ip-∂p. Hcmƒ
`mKy-hm≥am-cn¬ s]´-h-\m-sW-¶n¬, Ah\v `mKy-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v
kuIcyw \¬I-s∏-Spw. Hcmƒ Zp¿`m-Ky-hm≥am-cn¬ s]´-h-\m-sW-¶n¬, Ah\v
Zu¿`m-Ky-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\ß
- ƒ°pw kuIcyw \¬I-s∏-Spw.' ]n∂oSv \_n ˜
F∂o Izp¿- B ≥ hN\ßƒ HmXp- I bpw sNbv X p. (_p- J mcn:

apkvenw.)\_n sXfn-hmbn D≤-cn® Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN\ßƒ kqd-Øp- ˜
ss√-en-ep-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. AXns‚ kmc-an-XmWv: "B¿, Zm\-[¿aw sImSp-°p-
Ibpw kq£n- ° p- I bpw, G‰hpw \√- X m- b p- ≈ - X ns\ kXy- a m- ° p- I bpw
sNbv X pthm Ah\v G‰hpw kuI- c y- a p- ≈ - X n- t e°v \mw kuIcyw
sNbvXpsImSptØ-°pw. B¿, ]nip°v ImWn-°p-I-bpw, [\yX \Sn-°p-I-
bpw, G‰hpw \√-Xm-bp-≈-Xns\ If-hm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXpthm Ah\v G‰hpw
sRcp-°-am-b-Xn-te°v \mw kuIcyw sNbvtX-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.' ≈næ°r ùoëdr G (G-
‰hpw \√-Xv) XuloZv apX-em-b-h-bpw, inô°r ùo«dr G (G-‰hpw kuI-cy-am-b-Xv) kz¿Kw
apX-em-b-h-bpw, inôr°ùo©rdG (G-‰hpw sRcp-°-am-b-Xv) \c-Ihpw AtXmSv _‘-
s∏-´-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
(4) dkq¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn C_v\p A∫mkv (d)¬\n∂v \nth- ˜
Z\w h∂n-´p≈ Hcp lZo-Yv C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂p: "Adn-bpI: A√mlp \ns‚
t]cn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√m-Ø˛ \n›-bn-®n-ń-√m-Ø˛ Hcp Imcyw-sIm≠v
\n\°v D]-Imcw sNøm≥ th≠n kap-Zmbw apgp-h≥ Hcp-an®p tN¿∂mepw
4829
Ah¿ \n\°v D]-Imcw sNbvtX-°p-I-bn-√. \ns‚-ta¬ Ah≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-ń-√mØ Hcp Imcyw-sIm≠v \n\°v D]-{Zhw sNøm≥ Ah¿ HsØm-
cp-an-®mepw Ah¿ \n\°v D]-{Zhw sNbvtX-°p-∂-Xp-a√. t]\-Iƒ h‰n-t∏m-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. GSp-Iƒ aS-°n-sh-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.' (Xn¿aZo) Imcy-ß-fp-sS-
sb√mw Xocp-am\w Ign-™n-cn°p-∂p-sh∂v kmcw.
(5) A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: "Rßƒ IzZ-dns‚ Imcy-

˜
Øn¬ X¿°n-®p-sIm-≠n-cns° \_n Rß-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-´p. Ahn-Sp∂v
tIm]n-®p. c≠v Ihn-fnepw Ddp-am≥ (am-X-fw) ]g-Øns‚ Ipcp IpØn-∏n-gn-
™-Xp-t]mse Ahn-SpsØ apJw Nph-∏p-h¿W-am-bn. F∂n´v ]d™p: "C{]-
Im-c-amtWm \nß-tfmSv I¬∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv?! AX-s√-¶n¬ CXp-am-bn-
´mtWm Rm≥ \nß-fn-te°v Ab-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv?! \nß-fpsS apºp-≈-
h¿ \mi-a-S-™Xv Ah¿ C°m-cy-Øn¬ `n∂n-®-t∏m-gm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ \nß-
tfmSv Xo¿Øv ]d-bp∂p: \nßƒ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ `n∂n®p t]mI-cp-sX∂v!'
(Xn¿aZo; C_v\p-amPx)
(6) _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw (d) AS°w F√m {][m\ apl-±n-Yp-
Ifpw Ah-cpsS lZo-Yp-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xpw, kp{]-kn-≤-ambn Adn-
b-s∏-´-Xp-amb Hcp kw`-h-a-s{X, Pn_vco¬ a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏´p
˜
h∂v \_n tbmSv ]e Imcy-ßfpw tNmZn-®-dn™ kw`-hw. aX-Im-cy-ßƒ
tNmZn-®-dn-tb-≠p∂sXßn-s\-sb∂v kzlm-_n-Iƒ°v amXrI Im´p-I-bm-bn-
cp∂p AXns‚ Dt±-iyw. Bdv Cuam≥ Imcy-ßfpw ({]-[m\ hnizm-k-aq-ey-
ß-fpw) A©v Ckvemw Imcy-ßfpw ({]-[m\ \n¿_-‘-I¿a-ß-fpw) AS°w
]eXpw AXn¬ \_n ˜ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Cuam≥ Imcy-ßsf kw_-‘n®v
\_n ˜ sImSpØ adp-]Sn CXm-Wv. ôNB’G Ωƒ«dGh¬∏°SQh ¬Ñàch ¬àµÄ∏eh ¬∏dÉH øeDƒJ ¿CG ¿ÉÁE’G
¬«∏Y ≥Øàe-√ô°Th √ÒN Q~≤dÉH øeDƒJh (Cu-am≥ F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hn-epw, Ahs‚
ae-°p-I-fn-epw, Ahs‚ {KŸ-ß-fn-epw, Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fn-epw, A¥y-Zn-\-
Ønepw \o hniz-kn-°epw, IzZvdnepw AXm-bXv AXnse \∑-bnepw Xn∑-
bnepw \o hniz-kn-°epw BIp-∂p. (_p; ap.)
Cu kw`-hsØ kw_-‘n®v lZoYv ]e \nth-Z-\- ]-c-º-c-I-fn¬Iq-
Snbpw apkvenw (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Ah-bn¬ H∂m-
asØ \nth-Z-\-Øn¬, C_v\p Da¿ (d) Cu lZoYv D≤-cn® Hcp kµ¿`w
\nth-Z-I≥am-cn¬ Hcm-fm-b, blvb_v\p-b-Avap¿ (ôª©j øH ≈«ëj) Cßs\ hnh-cn-
°p∂p: "_kz-d-bn¬ BZyw IzZv-dn-s\-∏‰n kwkmcw XpS-ßn-bXv aAv_Zp¬
Ppl\o (»æ¡÷G ~Ñ©e)-bm-Wv. Rm\pw lpssaZpw (~«ªM) IqSn l÷nt\m Dwdxt°m
th≠n (a-°xbn-te-°v) t]mbn. kzlm-_n-am-cn¬ Bsc-sb-¶nepw I≠m¬
4830
IzZv-dns‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ Ch¿ kwkm-cn-°m-dp-≈-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-°m-sa∂v
Rßƒ ]d-™p, Aß-s\, C_v\p-D-a¿ (d) ]≈n-bn-te°v {]th-in-°p-∂Xv
Rßƒ I≠p. Rßƒ At±-lsØ CShpw he-hp-am-bn-sN∂v s]mXn-™p.
Rm≥ ]d™p: "Rß-fpsS AhnsS Nne-cp≠v; Ah¿°v Izp¿-B≥ Adnbmw;
Adn-hns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿ Kth-jWw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah¿
]d-bp∂p: IzZv¿ Fs∂m-∂n-s√-∂pw, Imcy-ß-sf√mw ]pØ-\m-bp-≠m-Ip-∂-
Xm-sW∂pw' (*) C_v\p Da¿ (d) ]d™p: "Ah-cp-ambn I≠m¬ Xm¶ƒ ]d-
bWw; Rm≥ Ah-cp-am-bpw, Ah¿ Rm\p-ambpw _‘-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-sW-∂v.
A√mlp Xs∂-bmW! DlvZp-a-e-tbmfw kz¿W-ap-≠m-bn´pw AsXms° Ah¿
[¿aw sNbvXm-epw, Ah¿ IzZv-dn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-]-£w, A√mlp AXv
kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-√.' ]n∂oSv Xs‚ ]nXmhv Da¿ (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xm-bn,
Pn_vco¬ (A) h∂v tNmZn® {]kvXpX-kw-`hw At±lw hnh-cn-®p-X-∂p.'
(A-Xnse Nne hmN-I-ß-fmWv apI-fn¬ \mw hmbn-®-Xv.)
Cu lZo-Yns‚ hnh-c-W-as≤y apkvenans‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ Camw
\hho (d) {]kvXmhn-®n-´p≈ Nne Imcy-ßƒ Adn-tb-≠X - m-Wv. Ah Cßs\
kw{K-ln°mw: "kXy-Øns‚ ]£-°m¿ (≥◊G πgG) IzZv-dns\ ÿm]n-°p-∂-h-
cm-Wv. A√mlp Imcy-ßƒ ]t≠ \n¿W-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, C∂-t∏mƒ C∂Xv
kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥ Adn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. B \n›-b-{]-Imcw Ah
kw`-hn-°p∂p F∂p-≈-XmWv IzZv¿. "IzZ-cn-bØv' (F∂ I£n) AXns\
\ntj-[n-°p-∂p. A√mlp apºv H∂pw \n¿W-bn-®n-ń-s√-∂pw, ap≥Iqń Adn-
bp-I-bn-s√-∂pw, Hmtcm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta Ah≥ Adn-bp-I-bp-
≈q-sh∂pw Ah¿ Pev]n-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ If-hp-]-d-bp-I-bm-
W-h¿. A√mlp AXn¬\n-s∂√mw F{Xtbm D∂-X-\m-Ip-∂p. \nc¿∞hpw
_men-i-hp-amb Cu hmZ-°m-cpsS Imew Ign-™p-t]mbn. Ah-cpsS ]n≥Km-
an-Iƒ IzZv-dns\ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, KpW-I-c-amb Imcy-ßƒ A√m-
lp-hn¬\n∂pw, tZmj-I-c-amb Imcy-ßƒ ]nim-Nn¬\n∂pw a‰pw D≠m-Ip-
∂p-sh-∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cß-s\, c≠v {kjvSm-°sf ÿm]n-°p-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v Ch-sc-∏‰n Cu kap-Zm-b-Ønse "aPqkn'Iƒ (\-∑-bp-sSbpw Xn≥a-
bp-sSbpw c≠v {]tXyI ssZh-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿) F∂v hnti-jn∏n-
°-s∏-Sm-dp≠v ....... JØzm_o (ìQ-»HÉ£ÿG) ]d-bp∂p: "A√mlp Ahs‚
hn[n \n¿W-b-Øns‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jys\ \n¿_-‘n-°pI (Xosc Akz-X-
(*) kzlm-_n-I-fpsS Imem-h-km-\-Øn\v apºp-Xs∂ IzZv-dns‚

\ntj[w kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Xe-s]m°nsb∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.
apkvenw cmPyw hnI-kn-®-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn, A\nkvemanI XXz-im-kv{X-ß-fp-
ambpw sshtZ-inI kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-ambpw Nnc-Imew Cgp-In-t®¿∂n-cp∂
Bfp-Iƒ Ckveman-te°v h∂p. Ah-cp-am-bp≈ kº¿°-Øn¬ \n∂mWv
]e \qX-\m-i-b-ßfpw apkvenwI-fn¬ D¤-hn-®-Xv.
4831
{¥-\m-°p-I) F∂mWv "IzZzm-IzZvdn's‚ kmc-sa∂v ]ecpw [cn-°m-dp-≠v. AXv
icn-b-√. a\p-jys‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A√mlp aptº Adn-bp-∂-Xp-
sIm-≠pw, \√tXm NoØtbm Bb F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ah≥ krjvSn-®Xpw
\n¿W-bn-®-Xp-am-I-sIm-≠p-amWv IzZv¿ D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. "IzZv¿' F∂m¬
"IzmZndm'b (I-gn-hp-≈-h-\m-b) A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ \n¿Wbw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ hyh-
ÿbpw, "IzZzm-Dv' F∂m¬ AXv \S-∏n¬ hcp-ØpI F∂p-am-Wp-t±-iyw...............'
(º∏°ùe ìô°T).
_pJm-cn-bpsS hymJym-Xm-hmb Camw AkvIz-em\o (d)-bpsS Nne

hmN-I-ßƒ IqSn ChnsS Npcp°n D≤-cn°mw: "IzZv-dn-s\-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ "InXm_pw kp∂Øpw' am{X-amWv am¿Kw. bp‡n°pw A\pam-\-
Øn\pw AXn¬ ÿm\-an-√. B am¿Kw B¿ sX‰n-t∏mtbm Ah≥ ]cn-{`-a-
Øns‚ kap-{Z-Øn¬ hogpw. Ah¿°v IÆn\v Ipfn¿atbm, a\- n\v kam-[m-
\tam e`n-°-bn-√. Imc-Ww, IzZv¿ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ cl-ky-
ß-fn¬s]´ H∂m-Wv. Hcp dkq-en-\pw, ae-°n\pw AXv Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°msX
Ah≥ ad-bn¬ kq£n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. IzZv-dn¬ AS-ßnb clkyw kz¿K-
ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ Ahn-sS-sh®v {Kln-°p-sa-∂-√m-sX, AXn-\vap-ºmbn
Ah¿°pw AXv shfn-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂v Nne alm≥am¿ ]d-™-Xmbn C_v\p-
kw-B\o (ìQ-ÊÉ©ª°S øH ôØ¶ŸG ƒHCG) {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. Q~≤H √Éæ≤∏N Å«°T πc ÉfG (F√m
hkvXp-shbpw \mw Hcp "IzZv¿' A\p-k-cn®v krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p) F∂ Izp¿-
B≥ hmIyw, \ΩpsS {]hr-Øn-I-f-S°w F√m-‰n-s‚bpw {kjvSmhpw, tXmXp-
I-W-°m-°n-b-h-\p-amWv A√mlp F∂p≈-Xn\v kv]jvS-amb sXfn-hm-Wv.
A»°T πc ≥dÉN ¬∏dG (A-√mlp F√m hkvXp-hn-s‚bpw {kjvSm-hm-Wv) F∂pw,
¿ƒ∏ª©J Éeh ºµ≤∏N ¬∏dGh (\n-ß-sfbpw \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw A√mlp
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p) F∂p-ap≈ Bb-Øp-I-sf-°mƒ hy‡-amb sXfn-hmWv
B Bb-Øv. AXv "IzZ-cn-øØn's‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-Xm-sW∂v ap≥Km-
an- I - f p- s S- b pw, ]n≥Km- a n- I - f p- s Sbpw \mhp- I fn¬ {]kn- ≤ - a m- W v.
Izpssdinapivcn°p-Iƒ \_n ˜
-tbmSv IzZv-dns‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ hnhmZw
\SØnb Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv B BbØv Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂v A_q-lp-dbvdx
(d)-bpsS \nth-Z-\-ambn AlvaZpw apkvenapw (d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cuam-
\ns‚ LS-I-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv IzZv-dnse hnizm-k-sa∂v Pn_vco-ens‚ lZo-
Ynepw apºv {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-t√m.
(G-sXmcp hkvXphpw Xs∂, AXns‚ JP-\m-°ƒ \ΩpsS ASp-
°¬ C√m-Ø-Xm-bn-ń-√. Hcp \n›nXamb Af-hn-e-√msX \mw AXns\ Cd-
°p-∂-Xp-a-√) F∂ Izp¿B≥ hmIyw A\p-k-cn®v k¿∆-Im-cy-ßfpw A√mlp
IW-°m-°nb {]Imcw \S-°p-∂p-sh-∂s{X "ke^n's‚ (kz-lm-_Ø - v˛ Xm_n-
D-Iƒ XpS-ßnb ap≥Km-an-I-fpsS) GI-I-WvT-amb A`n-{]m-bw.' (…QÉÑdG íàa øe)
4832
Ckvemans‚ {][m-\-I-£n-I-sf-∏‰n ]d-bp∂ Iq´-Øn¬ as‰m-cn-SØv
Camw AkvIz-em\o (d) Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: "Izp¿B≥ krjvSn-°-s∏-´-X-√,
IzZv¿ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ D≈-Xm-Wv, Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ ImWp-
∂-Xm-Wv, Izp¿-B-\nepw kp∂-Ønepw A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-j-W-\m-a-ß-fmbn
]d-bs- ∏-ń-´p-≈Xv (äÉØ°üdG) Ahs‚ bYm¿∞-Kp-Wß
- ƒ Xs∂-bm-Wv, (in¿°pw
Ip^vdp-a-√m-Ø) alm-]m-]-ßƒ sNbvX-Xp-sIm≠v Cuam-\n¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-
t]m-I-bn√ Fs∂ms° ]d-bp∂ Bcpw apAvXknex I£n-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-I-
bn-√˛ a‰v hnj-b-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ tbmPn-®mepw icn.' (13 ê 96 ¢U íàØdG)
alm-\mb C_v\p-Izønw (d) ]d-bp∂p: "A√m-lp-hns‚ F√m ap¿k-
ep-I-fpw, Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ F√m ssZhnI {KŸ-ßfpw tbmPn® hnj-b-ß-
fmWv IzZv-dns‚ ÿm]-\-hpw, A√mlp F√m-‰n\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-sW-∂pw,
F√m-‰n-s‚bpw {kjvSm-hm-sW-∂pw, F√m-‰n-s\-∏-‰nbpw Adn-bp-sa∂pw, F√m
Imcyhpw Ah≥ tcJ-s∏-SpØn sh®n-´p-s≠-∂pw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-sXt¥m
AXv D≠m-Ip-Ibpw Dt±-in-°m-Ø-sXt¥m AXv D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
sa-∂pw, Ahs‚ `c-W-Øn¬ Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-t\mSv Bcpw
A\p-kc - W
- t- °Sv sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂pw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ `qan-
bn-ep-≈-h¿ apgp-h\pw hniz-kn-°p-am-bn-cp∂p F∂pw, Ah-t\mSv A\p-k-c-
W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ \¬ImØ klm-b-ßƒ Ahs\ A\p-
k-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ \¬Ip-sa-∂pw, Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚ Bƒ°m¿°v
km[n-®p-In´mØ kml-N-cy-ßƒ kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ Bƒ°m¿°v Ah≥
D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-sa-∂pw, Ah-\mWv apkvenans\ apkvenam-°n-b-h-s\∂pw
Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-sa-∂pw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-
°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p-sa-∂p-sam-s°. samØ-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬
hkvXp-°-fm-tbm, {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmtbm D≈ GsXmcp Imcyhpw Ahs‚ Ign-
hn\pw krjvSn°pw ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂n-√. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ah Ahs‚
Adn-hn\pw Dt±iy-Øn\pw ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-a-√. CXmWv F√m ap¿k-ep-
I-fp-sSbpw aXw ......' (á∏°SôŸG ≥YGƒ°üdG)
"IzZvdn's\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS
\ymb-ßƒ
F\n \ap°v IzZv-dns‚ \ntj-[n-I-fpsS Nne \ymb-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

A¬]w Btem-Nn-°mw. Ah-cpsS kz¥w bp‡n-\ym-b-ßƒ°v ]pdsa
Xßƒ°v G‰hpw henb sXfn-hmbn Ah¿ D≤-cn-°m-dp-≈Xv aq∂v Izp¿-
B≥ hN-\-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. CXm-Wh:˛
4833
1. Ah¿ (_-lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ) ]d-bp∂p: "]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I≥

Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Rßƒ Ahsc (a-e° - p-Is
- f) Bcm-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√
F∂v. Ah¿°v AXn-s\-∏‰n bmsXmcp Adn-hp-an-√. Ah¿ aXn-∏n´v (Du-ln-
®v) ]d-bp-I-b-√msX sNøp-∂n-√.' (kpJvdp^v: 20)
2. "in¿°v sNbvX-h¿ ]d-bp∂p: A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,

Rß-fm-I-s´, RßfpsS ]nXm-°-fm-Is´ Ah\v ]pdsa bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw
Bcm-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√, Ah-s\-°q-SmsX Rßƒ bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw \njn-
≤-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v. A{]-Imcw Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p'. (\lv¬: 35.)
3. in¿°v sNbvXh - ¿ ]d-t™°pw: "A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,
Rß-fm-I-s´, Rß-fpsS ]nXm-°-fm-Is´ in¿°v sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n√; Rßƒ
bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw \njn-≤-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v. A{]-Imcw
Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw hymP-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Aß-s\, Ah¿ \ΩpsS
in£ A\p-`-hn-®p. (\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: \nß-fpsS ]°¬ h√ Adnhpw
Dt≠m? F∂m-eXv Rßƒ°v ]pdØv sIm≠p-h∂v Xcn-I. \nßƒ Dul-
sØ-b-√msX ]n≥]-‰p-∂n-√. \nßƒ aXn-∏n´p ]d-bp-I-b-√msX sNøp-∂p-an-
√'.(A≥ Bw: 148.)
Htc Bibw AS-ßp∂ Cu aq∂v hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Xm¬]cyw

IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂p. "A√mlp Dt±-
in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Rßƒ in¿°p-I-sfm∂pw sNøp-I-tbm, (Nne arK-ßƒ
apX-em-b-hsb `£n-°¬) \njn-≤-am-°p-Itbm sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AYhm
Rß-fXv sNøm≥ A√mlp Dt±-in-®Xv sIm≠mWv Rßƒ AsX√mw
sNbvXp-t]m-b-Xv. F∂n-cn-s°, Rßƒ AXn¬ Ip‰-°m-c√ Fs∂m-s°-bmWv
apivcn°p-Iƒ ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw. a\p-jy-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf√mw A√m-
lp-hns‚ ap≥Iqń-bp≈ Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX∂ ASn-
ÿm-\-Øn-emWv apivcn°p-Iƒ Xß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf C{]-Imcw \ymbo-
I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hm-I-s´, Ah¿°v AXn-s\-∏‰n bmsXmcp hnh-c-hp-an-
s√-∂pw, Ah¿ Duln®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW∂pw ]d-™v Ah-cpsS B {]kvXm-
h\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv. AXm-b-Xv, Ah-cpsS in¿°v apX-emb
4834
{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-i-y{]-Imcw D≠m-b-X-√. Ah¿ Duln®v
Ifhp ]d-bp-I-bmWv F∂v kmcw. F√m Imcy-ß-fpw˛ \√Xpw NoØ-bpw˛
A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw A\p-k-cn-®mWv kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX∂ hmZw A√mlp
Cu hN-\-ßƒ aptJ\ X≈n-°-f-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CXm-Wn-hcpsS hnh-c-
W-Øns‚ kz`m-hw."Izp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-amb `mj-bn¬ hnh-cn® ssZhnI
kn≤m-¥-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°Ww a‰v hmIy-ßsf hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xv.'
F∂ apJ-hp-c-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ch-cn¬ Nne¿ ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "ssZhn-I-hn[n
(IzZv¿)bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Izp¿-Bs‚ auenI kn≤m¥w F¥m-sW∂v Ad-
_n-Iƒ (apivcn°p-Iƒ)°v \¬Inb Cu adp-]-Sn-bn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-bn-°-gn-
™p. Cu adp-]-Sn°v (X-ßƒ \¬In-b) Cu A¿∞-a-√msX as‰m∂pw I¬∏n-
°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v Cu kn≤m-¥sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-
tb, Cu hnj-b-Øn-ep-ff a‰v Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-
≈q.'
Ch-cpsS Cu apJ-hp-c-bn¬ {]kvXm-hn® ASn-ÿm\ \nbaw icn-

°pw˛ AXns‚ A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂˛ \mapw kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. ]t£,
IqSp-X¬ hy‡-amb `mj-bn¬ hnh-cn® Bb-Øpw, A{X-Xs∂ hy‡-a√ - mØ
Bb-Øp-Ifpw Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ GXm-sW-∂pw, taep-≤-cn® aq∂v hN-\-ß-
fpsS Xm¬]cyw Ch¿ ]d-bp∂ {]Imcw Xs∂-bmtWm F∂pw ]cn-tim-[n-
t°-≠-Xp-≠-t√m. apI-fn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ At\Iw Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-
ß-fpw, Ah-bpsS hni-Zo-I-c-W-ambn h∂ ]e lZo-Yp-Ifpw IzZv-dn-ep≈
hnizmkw Hmtcm apkvenan-s‚bpw Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ IS-a-bm-sW-∂pw, AXn¬
Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv "Cuam\n'\pXs∂ lm\n-I-c-am-sW-∂pw \mw I≠p-I-gn-
™p. A√m-lp-hns‚ km¿∆-{Xn-I-amb Adn-hn-s\bpw Ign-hn-s\bpw ]cn-K-
Wn-°p-tºmƒ B hnizm-kw, _p≤n-]c - a
- m-bn-Øs∂ A\n-hm-cy-am-bX - m-sW∂pw
hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v IqSp-X¬ hy‡-amb `mj-bn¬ At\Iw Izp¿-
B≥ hmIy- ß ƒ a\- n- e m- ° n- Ø - c p- I - b pw, \_n hmIy- ß ƒ AXns\
{]m_eyw \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ XXz-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n
Cu aq∂v Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ°pw A\p-tbm-Py-amb hymJym\w I≠p-]n-Sn-
°p-hmt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. B hN-\-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ Xm¬]cyw Ch¿
ka¿∞n-°p∂ {]Im-c-a-s√-∂pw, IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-sb∂ Hcp ap≥hn[n
a\- n¬ sh®p-sIm≠v B hn[n \ymbo-Ic - n-°p-hm-\pw, km[m-cW
- °
- msc Bi-
b-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°p-hm\pw th≠n Ah¿ \¬Inb Ah-cp-sS-Xmb hymJym\w
am{X-amWv AsX∂pw Xmsg hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.¬q∏dG AÉn°T ¿ r GE
GXm-bmepw Xßƒ \¬Inb B hymJym-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønte Cu
hnj-bØ- n¬h∂ a‰v Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ ]mSp≈q F∂v
Ch¿ ]d-bp-tºmƒ Hcp hmkvXhw Chcpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂X - mbn ImWmw. AsX,
Xß-fpsS hmZ-°m¿°v ˛A-Yhm IzZv-dns‚ \ntj-[-Øn-\v˛ FXn-cmb Ipsd
4835
Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ thsd Ds≠∂v Chcpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. henb `mKyw
Xs∂. B ÿnXn°v IqSp-X¬ kv]jvS-amb Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ a‰v Nne-
Xm-sW∂v I≠m¬ AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cu hmIy-ßsf hymJym-\n-
°p-I-bmWv bp‡-sa∂v IqSn Ch¿ kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \ymb-an-√. Xmsg
]d-bp∂ kwK-Xn-Iƒ {i≤n-°pI:˛
1) Ch-cpsS hymJym-\hpw hmZhpw icn-bm-h-W-sa-¶n¬, B Ad_n
apivcn°p-Iƒ IzZvd - n¬ hniz-kn®ncp-∂p-sh-∂pw, B hnizm-kw-sh-®p-sIm-≠mWv
A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Ah¿ in¿°pw a‰pw \ymbo-I-cn-®-
sX∂pw sXfn-bW-a-t√m. AXn\v sXfn-hn-s√-¶n¬˛ Npcp-ßn-b-]-£w˛ adn®p
sXfn-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-¶nepw thWw. F∂m¬, hmkvXhw F¥m-sWt∂m?
˜
IzZv-dns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ apivcn°p-Iƒ \_n -tbmSv X¿°w \S-Ønb Ah-k-
c-Øn-emWv Qn~n≤pH o√Énær≤n∏nN mÅr«n°T sπoc ÉsfCG (F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw \mw Hcp IzZv¿ A\p-k-
cn®v krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p) F∂ hN\w Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂v Camw apkvenw (d)
D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p-≈Xv \mw apI-fn¬ hmbn-®p-h-t√m. apkvenw
(d) am{X-a-√, Xn¿a-Zo, C_v\p-amPx (d) apX-em-b-hcpw CXv D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
(Òãc øHG ‘ Éªc)
At∏mƒ, A√mlp Dt±-in-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ Xß-fpsS in¿°ns\
a\x-]q¿∆w \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-b-√˛ t\sc-a-dn®v IzZv-dn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ \_n
˜sbbpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw AXv {]Jym-]n-°p∂ Izp¿-B-s\bpw ]cn-
l-kn-°p-I-bmWv ˛hm-kvX-h-Øn¬ apivcn°p-Iƒ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ft∂m
at‰m sh°mt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. apkvenwIƒ IzZvd - n¬ hniz-kn-®ncp∂Xv aqew
a°m-apivcn°p-Iƒ Ahsc ]cn-l-kn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂v kq: bmko≥ 47˛mw hN-
\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. "\nßƒ°v A√mlp \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ Nne-h-gn-°p-hn≥ F∂v Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-s∏-´m¬, B Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿
hniz-kn-®-h-tcmSv ]dbpw:
(A-√mlp Dt±-in-°p∂ ]£w `£Ww \¬Ip-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp Iq´¿°v
Rßƒ `£Ww \¬Ip-Itbm? \nßƒ hy‡-amb hgn-]n-g-hn-e-√msX C√).
CXm-Wm-hm-Iyw. \nß-fpsS hnizm-k-{]-Imcw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v
Ah≥ `£Ww \¬Ip-I-bpw, Dt±-in-°m-Ø-h¿°v sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-a-t√m. F∂n-cns° F¥n-\mWv Ah≥ Dt±-in-°m-Ø-h¿°v (km-[p-
°ƒ°v) Rßƒ `£Ww \¬Ip-∂Xv? CXmWv Ah¿ tNmZn-°p-∂-Xns‚
kmcw. mºr∏pY røpe n∂pdnòpH rºo¡nd Éne(A-h¿°v AXn-s\-∏‰n Hcp Adnhpw C√) F∂pw a‰pw
apivcn°p-I-sf-∏‰n A√mlp Bt£-]n-®-Xns‚ Dt±iyw F¥m-sW∂v hgnsb
a\- n-em-°mw.
(2) "A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Rßƒ in¿°v sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-
√.' (Énæcr ôn °r TnGC Éne ¬∏dG An ÉBr °T ƒr dn ) F∂v XpS-ßnb ta¬I≠ hmIy-ßƒ ]d-™Xv apivcn°p-
4836
I-fm-I-sIm-≠m-Wt√m B Bb-Øp-Iƒ IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v
C°q-´¿ hmZn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-b-Xv. hmb-\-°m¿ a\- n-cp-Ø-Ww. kq: A≥-
B-an¬Xs∂ AXnse 106, 107 hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ kz¥w {]kvXm-
h-\-bm-bn-s°m≠v Ah¿ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv t\m°pI: pÚpcpôr°ûoªrdG rønY r¢VpôrYnCGnh
ΩÉ©fC’G- Én¶«pØnM rºp¡r«n∏nY n∑Énær∏n©nL Énenh Gƒocnôr°TnCG Éne ¬∏dG nABÉ°T rƒndnh (apivcn°p-I-fn¬\n∂v \o Xncn-™p-I-
f-bp-I. A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah¿ in¿°v sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ \ns∂ \mw kwc-£-I-\m-°n-bn-´p-an-√.) apivcn°p-Iƒ Xß-sf-
∏‰n ]d™ AtX-hmIyw Xs∂ Ah-sc-∏‰n A√m-lphpw AXm ]d-™n-cn-
°p-∂p. At∏mƒ, A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Rßƒ in¿°v sNøp-am-bn-
cp-∂n√ F∂ Ah-cpsS {]kvXm-h\ icn-b-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mtWm Ahsc
A√mlp Bt£-]n-®Xv? A√. B {]kvXm-h-\-aqew Ah¿ e£yw sh®
as‰t¥m H∂n-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv A√mlp Bt£-]n-®-sX∂v kv]jvS-am-b-t√m.
apivcn°p-Iƒ ]d™ Hcp Imcyw sX‰m-sW-¶n¬, AtX Imcyw AXp-t]m-
se-Øs∂ a‰mcp ]d-™mepw sX‰m-bn-cn-°-W-a-t√m.
(3) BZyta IzZv-dns‚ \ntj[w a\- n¬sh-®p-sIm-≠mWv B Bb-

Øp-Iƒ°v Ch¿ {]kvXpX hymJym\w \¬Ip-∂-sX∂pw, t\sc-a-dn®v Bb-
Øp-I-fpsS hy‡-amb Dt±iyw AXm-sW-∂p-I≠ Imc-W-Øm¬ Ch¿ IzZv-
dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ apXn¿∂-X-s√-∂pw, Ch-cpsS Nne {]kvXm-h-\-
IƒXs∂ sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. t\m°pI: apivcn°p-I-fpsS hmN-I-ß-fnse
nABÉ°T rƒnd ("eu-imA-') F∂-hm-°n\v "Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬' F∂ `qX-Im-e-{In-
b-bm-bpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ hmN-I-Øn¬ AtX hm°vh-∂-t∏mƒ AXn\v "Dt±-
in-°p-∂-]£w' F∂v h¿Ø-am-\-{In-b-bmbpw Ch¿ A¿∞w \¬Ip∂p.
CsXmcp kmc-s∏´ hyXym-k-ambn Hcp ]t£, km[m-c-W-°m¿°v tXm∂n-
bn-s√∂v hcmw. F∂m¬, Gƒocnôr°TnCG Éne ¬∏dG nABÉ°T rƒndnh (A-√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
Ah¿ in¿°v sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√) F∂ hmIy-Øn\v C°q-´¿ \¬Ip∂
hymJym\w ImWp-tºmƒ, Ah¿ Xm¬]-cy-]q¿∆w sNbvXn-´p≈ X{¥-amWv
AsX∂v B¿°pw hy‡-am-Ipw. "A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-]-£w, Ah≥ a\p-
jysc Htc am¿K-Øn¬ \S-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-≤-cm-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv,
Ah¿ _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.' CXm-Ws{X
AXns‚ Dt±iyw! ÈcCG ¬∏dG _p≤nbpw a\- m-£nbpw D≈h¿ Nn¥n-°-s´, F∂v
am{Xta \mw ]d-bp-∂p-≈q.
(4) kq: A≥-B-anse 148- ˛mw Bb-Øm-Wt√m apI-fn¬ I≠ aq∂v

Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ aq∂m-a-tØ-Xv. AXns\ØpS¿∂p≈ 149 ˛masØ BbØv
CXm-Ip∂p: (]d-bpI: At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-
hn-∂mWv {]_-e-amb \ymbw˛ sXfn-hv˛ D≈-Xv. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-
∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßsf apgp-h\pw Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.) F√m
4837
a\p-jy-scbpw t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-ń√ F∂m-Wt√m
Cu hN-\-Ønse hy‡-amb Xm¬]-cyw. ChnsS am{X-a√, CXv Izp¿-B-\n¬
a‰v ]te-SØpw ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂p-sh-®m¬, a\p-jy-k-ap-Zmbw ae-
°p-I-sf-t∏mse ]m]w sNømØ {]Ir-X-°mc√, k÷-\-ßfpw Zp¿÷-\-
ßfpw AS-ßp∂ kap-Zm-b-am-bn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
F∂¿∞w. CXn-s\-∏‰n A¬]w ]cm-a¿iw Xmsg hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. (C-hn-S-ß-fn-
se√mw "Dt±iyw' F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv "ain-øØm'Ip∂ Dt±-i-yam-sW∂v
Hm¿an-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.)
148 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v Xßƒ \¬Inb hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn\v FXn-cmWv
Cu hN\w F∂v \ntj-[n-Iƒ I≠p. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hN-\-Ønse
ACÉ°T rƒn∏na("^-eu-imA') F∂ hm°n\v h¿Ø-am-\-{In-b-bpsS A¿∞w Iev]n-®-
Xn\v ]pdsa Hcp "\n¿_‘w' IqSn Ch¿ AXn¬ IpØn-s®-ep-Øp-hm≥ \n¿_-
‘n-Xc - m-Wv. Aß-s\, Úp©ªn Lr GC ºr co Gn~¡n dn AÉn°T ƒr ∏n an F∂ hmIy-Øn\v "Ah≥
- m-bn-cn-°p-Ib
Dt±-in-°p∂ ]£w \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w \nß-sf-√m-hscbpw k≥am¿K-Øn-em-
°p-am-bn-cp∂p' Fs∂mcp ]pXnb A¿∞wIqSn Ch¿°v I¬]n-t°-≠n-h-∂n-
cn-°-bm-Wv. Izp¿-B-\n¬ AÉ°T ƒd F∂ hm°v ]e ÿeØpw D]-tbm-Kn®v
ImWmw. Ah-bn¬ Xßƒ°v tZmj-I-c-am-bn-tØm-∂p∂ AÉ°T ƒd Iƒs°√mw
Cu "\n¿_-‘-tam, at‰-sX-¶nepw Hcp ]pØ≥ hymJym-\tam \¬IpI
Ch¿s°mcp ]Xn-hm-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-≠v F∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. rºocG~n¡nd nArCÉ°Trƒnd
(A-h≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßsf t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p) F∂-
Xns‚ Dt±iyw ºµj~¡d ºµàjG~g AÉ°T ƒd (\n-ßsf t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-
®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p) F∂-√msX √GôcE’ÉH ºcG~¡d AÉ°T
ƒd (A-h≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßsf \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w t\¿am¿K-Øn-
em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p) F∂v A¿∞w hcp-I-bn-s√∂v Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ A¬]w
]cn-N-b-ap-≈-h¿s°√mw Adn-bmw. AXn-\v]p-d-sa, \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w am¿K-
Z¿i\w sNøp∂ {]iv\w Xs∂-bn-√. øju~dG »pa √n Gnôcr GE Énd(a-X-Øn¬ \n¿_‘w sNep-
Ø-en-√) F∂v kq: A¬_-Izdxbn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂p. \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-bn-ń-√m-sX, kza-\- mse hniz-kn-°p∂ hnizm-k-Ønt\
Ckveman¬ ÿm\-ap-≈qsh∂v ]d-tb≠Xn-√. IqSm-sX:˛
(1) kqd-Øp¬ A≥-B-an¬Xs∂, Zmcn-{ZysØ `b∂v k¥m-\-ßsf
sIme- s N- b vXn- c p∂ Ad- _ n- I sf∏‰n A√mlp ]d- b p∂p:
(A-√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
Ah-cXv sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-sc-bpw, Ah¿ sIń-®-a-°p-∂-
Xn-s\bpw \o hnt´-°p-I.) Cu Bb-Øn¬ Ch-cpsS Cu "\n¿_‘w' IpØn-
s®-ep-Øn-°m-Wp-∂n-√. "A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-]£w Ah-cXv sNøp-am-bn-cp-
∂n√' F∂v-am{Xw ]d™v aXn-bm-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ImcWw
A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. GXm-bmepw A≥-B-anse 107 ˛mw Bb-Øn-te-Xp-t]m-
4838
se-Ø-s∂, Cu Bb-Ønse Cu hmIyhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ kz¥w {]kvXm-
h-\b
- m-Ip-∂p. a‰m-cp-sSbpw {]kvXm-h\ D≤-cn-®X
- √
- . At∏mƒ AXns‚ kmcw
"Ah-cXv sNøm-Xn-cn-°-W-sa∂v A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah¿ AXv
sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, A√mlp Aßs\ Dt±-in-®n-ń√' F∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
CXv IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-b-√˛ ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-Wv˛ sNøp-∂-Xv.
Camw apkvenw (d) apX-em-bh

- ¿ D≤-cn® lZoYpw a‰pw t\m°p-tºmƒ,
apivcn°p-Iƒ IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv hmkvX-h-sa-
∂pw, B \ne°v Ah-cpsS ta∏Sn {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ tIhew ]cn-lm-k-ß-fm-
sW∂pw \mw apºv ]d-™p. F\n, apivcn°p-Iƒ IzZv-dn¬ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-cm-
bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pXs∂ hnNm-cn-°pI: F∂mepw, Ah-cpsS B {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ
Bt£-]m¿l-am-sW∂v ImWmw. 1 ˛m aXmbn, {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-s‚-bpw, thZ-
{K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚bpw \ntj-[-am-W-Xv. A√mlp Dt±-in-®-X-√msX H∂pw kw`-hn-
°p-I-bn√ F∂n-cn-s°, in¿°n-s\bpw a‰pw hntcm-[n-®p-sIm≠v {]hm-N-
I≥amcpw thZ-{KŸhpw htc-≠p∂ Bh-iy-sa¥v? Rßƒ in¿°v apX-em-
bh sNøp-∂Xv Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-Xp-sIm-≠m-W-t√m. F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Hcp
\ymb-hmZw At∏mƒ B {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hymP-
hmZw B apivcn°p-I-fpsS am{Xw hmZ-a-√, Ah-cpsS ]q¿∆n-I≥am-cp-sSbpw
hmZ-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv º¡∏Ñb øe øjòdG Üòc ∂dòc (A-h-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw
A{]-Imcw hymP-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v) F∂pw º¡∏Ñb øe øjòdG π©a ∂dòc(A-h-cpsS apºp-
≈-hcpw A{]-Imcw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p) F∂pw A√mlp ]d-™-Xpw.
2 ˛maXmbn, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-{]-Im-c-a-√msX H∂pw kw`-hn-
°p-I-bn-s√-∂Xv hmkvX-h-am-sW-¶n-epw, Ah¿ in¿°v apX-em-bXv sNøm≥
A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-´p-s≠∂v Adn-™Xv \nan-Ø-tam, Adn-™-Xn\pti-jtam
A√ Ah¿ AXv sNbvX-Xv. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS kz¥w CjvShpw C—bpw A\p-
k-cn®v a\x-]q¿∆w in¿°v apX-emb Ip‰-ßƒ sNbvXp. sNbvXp-Ig - n-™t- ijw
Ahsb \ymbo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-am{Xw A√m-lp-hns‚ IzZv-dn-s‚bpw Dt±-
iy-Øn-s‚bpw ad-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-t∂-bp-≈q. AY-hm, A√m-lp-hns‚
Dt±iyw F¥m-sW-∂-dn™v {]h¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-I-b-√˛ Xßƒ {]h¿Øn-®p-
I-gn-™-tijw AXv A√mlp Dt±-in-®-Xm-sW∂v hmZn®v \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-
bmWv ˛sNøp-∂-Xv. (*) AXp-sIm-≠mWv º∏Y øe ∂dòH º¡d Ée (A-h¿°v AXn-s\-
(*) Cu \bw apivcn°p-I-fn¬ am{X-a√ ImW-s∏-Sp-I. apkvenwI-

fn¬t]mepw Nne¿ Xßƒ sNbvX sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßsf IzZv-dns‚ t]cn¬
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øns‚ ad-hn¬ Hfn®v c£-
s∏-Sp-hm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dp-≠v. IzZv-dns‚ hnizmkw \∑ sNøm≥
XS- -tam, Xn≥a sNøm≥ t{]m¬km-l-\tam As√-∂pw, Bbn-°q-Sm-Ø-
Xm-sW∂pw ]ndsI hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ¬q∏dG AÉn°T ¿
r GE
4839
∏‰n bmsXmcp Adnhpw C√) F∂pw, Éæd √ƒLôîàa º∏Y øe ºc~æY πg (\nß-f-psS
]°¬ h√ Adnhpw Dt≠m F∂m-eXv Rßƒ°v shfn-°p-sIm-≠p-h∂v
Xcp-hn≥) F∂pw a‰pw A√mlp ]d-™-Xv.
3 ˛m-a-Xmbn, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-{]-Im-c-amWv Imcy-ß-sf√mw kw`-

hn-°p-∂Xv F∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, kw`-hn-°p∂ Imcy-ß-sf√mw A√m-lp-hns‚
Xr]vXn°v hnt[-b-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xt√?.AXp-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS in¿°pw a‰pw
A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw A\p-k-cn®v kw`-hn-®-Xm-sW-∂-t]m-se, Ah-sb√mw
Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fp-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-sb-∏‰n Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw
hntcm-[n-°p-∂Xpw \ymb-a√ F∂n{]Im-c-ap≈ Hcp Btcm-]-Whpw B
{]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ¿ƒ°UôîJ ’EG ºàfG ¿Gh ø¶dG ’EG ¿ƒ©ÑàJ ¿EG(\n-ßƒ
Dul-sØ-b-√msX ]n≥]-‰p-∂n√; \nßƒ aXn-∏n´v ]d-bp-I-b-√msX sNøp-
∂p-an-√.) F∂o hmIy-ßƒ B Btcm-]W - sØ JWvUn-°p-∂p. \√Xpw Xob-
Xp-amb GXv-Im-cyhpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ (a-in-ø-Øm-Ip-∂)
Dt±iyw sIm≠p-X-s∂-bm-sW-¶n-epw, \√-Xns\ am{Xta Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-
Sp-I-bp-≈q-sh-∂pw, NoØsb Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏SpI-bn-s√-∂pw, Dt±-iy-Øn-
s‚bpw Xr]vXn-bp-sSbpw ]›m-Ø-e-ßƒ H∂-s√-∂p-ap≈ hkvXp-X-Iƒ a\-
n-em-°m-Ø-XmWv Cu Btcm-]-W-Øn\v Imc-Ww. (CXv kw_-‘n®v IqSp-
X¬ hnhcw Xmsg ImWmw) apivcn°p-I-fpsS B {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°v Ahsc
t{]cn-∏n-®Xv ta¬I≠ aq∂p-Im-c-W-ß-fn¬ GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn AXn-s\-
Øp-S¿∂v A√mlp Ahsc Bt£-]n® hmIy-ß-fpsS Xm¬]cyw a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ {]bm-k-an-√.
Camw dmKn_v (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se, a\p-jys‚ F√m {]hr-

Øn-Ifpw A√mlp Dt±-in-®-sX-¶n¬ am{Xta D≠m-Ip-I-bp≈q F∂-Xn\v Izp¿-
B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-sc√mw kΩ-Xn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂ Hcp
sXfn-hmWv kqd-Øp¬ Ilv^nse 23, 24 hN-\-ßƒ:˛ ÊEG A»°ûd ødƒ≤J ’h
∞¡µdG - ïdG â«°ùf GPG ∂HQ ôcPGh ¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG G~Z ∂dP πYÉa (kmcw: Hcp Imcy-sØ-°p-
dn®pw \msf Rm\Xv sNøp-sa∂v \n›-b-ambpw \o ]d-b-cp-Xv˛ A√mlp Dt±-
in-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ F∂ \ne-°-√m-sX, \o ad-∂p-t]m-bm¬ \ns‚ d∫ns\ \o
kvacn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.) `mhn-bn¬ Xm≥ Hcp Imcyw sNøp-sa∂v ]d-bp-
tºmƒ ¬q∏dG AÉn°T ¿
r GE (A-√mlp Dt±-in-s®-¶n¬) F∂v Iqń-t®¿Øv sIm≠-√msX
Hcmfpw ]d-b-cp-sX∂v A√mlp Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. Hcp ]t£, ad-∂p-t]m-bm¬
Hm¿a hcp-tºmƒ B Ipdhv \nI-tØ-W-sa∂pw DW¿Øp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚
Dt±iw IqSm-sX, a\p-jys‚ Dt±-iyw-sImt≠m Ign-hp-sImt≠m am{Xw Ah\v
h√Xpw {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ Cu I¬]-\°v F¥mWv \ymbw?!
Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-I. IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw, IzZ-dn-ep≈ hnizmkw
4840
A\nkveman-I-am-sW∂v P¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp ]WvUn-X≥ Cu Bb-
Øn\v Cßs\ A¿∞w I¬]n®p ImWmw: " Rm≥ \msf A°mcyw {]h¿Øn-
°p-sa∂v Hcp hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®pw \o ]d-b-cp-Xv. (\o a\- n-em-°Ww:)
A√mlp Dt±-in-®m-e√- m-sX, (AXv \S-°p-Ib
- n-√).' At∏mƒ˛ Adnt™m Adn-
bm-sX-tbm˛ IzZ-dns‚ XXzw Chcpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-cn-
°-bm-Wv.
Nne bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ
ÿe-Im-e-hy-Xym-kw-Iq-SmsX, sNdp-∏-h-ep∏w IqSm-sX, F√m Hmtcm
hkvXp-hn\pw Hmtcm Imcy-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp Ad-_n-hm-°mWv
A»°T(ssi-Dv) F∂ hm°v. \nL-≠p-°-fn¬ CXn\v ¬æY Èîjh º∏©j ¿G í°üj Ée (G-sXm-
∂n-s\-°p-dn®v Adn-bp-hm\pw h¿Ø-am\w ]d-b-s∏-Sp-hm\pw DX-Ipt∂m AXv)
F∂mWv A¿∞w ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ Å«°T πc (F√m hkvXp-°-fpw˛
AYhm F√m Imcy-ß-fpw) F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ Hcp
km[-\-tam, kw`-h-tam, Imcy-tam, hkvXp-thm, hkvXp-Xtbm D≠m-bn-cn-°-
bn-√, CXv Hm¿a-bn¬sh-®p-sIm≠v Xmsg ImWp∂ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ
a\- n-cp-ØpI: Å«°T πc ≥dÉN ¬∏dG (A-√mlp F√m hkvXp-hn-s‚bpw {kjvSmhm-
Ip-∂p) Gôj~≤J √Q~≤a Å«°T πc ≥∏Nh (Ah≥ F√m hkvXp-shbpw krjvSn-°p-Ibpw
AXn\v Hcp \n¿Wbw˛ hyh-ÿ˛ \n¿W-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.)
GQ~b Å«°T πµd ¬∏dG π©L ~b (A-√mlp F√m hkvXp-hn\pw Hcp IzZv¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p-≠v.) º«∏Y Å«°T πµH ¬∏dGh (A-√mlp F√m hkvXp-sh°pdn®pw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-
∂p.) Éª∏Y Å«°T πµH •ÉMCG ~b (A-h≥ Adn-hp-sIm≠v F√m hkvXp-shbpw hebw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.) ôj~b Å«°T πc ≈∏Y ¬∏dGh(A-√mlp F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-
h-\m-Ip-∂p.) CXn-sem-∂n¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-s\-tbm, Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-
sf-tbm, Dt±-iy-ß-sftbm, \√-Xn-s\-tbm, NoØ-sb-tbm, a‰p-h-√-Xn-s\tbm
Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥ \ymb-sa-¥m-Wp-≈Xv?! H∂p-an-√.
Cu {]]-©-Øn-\pw AXpƒs°m-≈p∂ kIe Ncm-N-c-ßƒ°pw

_m[-I-amb Hcp s]mXp-hy-h-ÿbpw km¿∆-{Xn-I-amb \nb-ahpw A√m-lp-
hn-¶-ep-s≠-∂p-≈-Xn¬ ssZh-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb B¿°pw X¿°-ap-≠m-I-bn-√.
F∂m¬, B hyh-ÿbpw \nb-ahpw A\p-k-cn®v temI-Im-cy-ßƒ Hmtcm∂pw
kzbw \oßn-s°m-≈s´ F∂p-sh®v A√mlp NpΩm Ccn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v
hnti-j-_p-≤n-bp-≈-h¿°v Duln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bptam? As√-¶n¬ B hyh-
ÿ°pw, AXnse Imcy-Im-c-W-_-‘-ßƒ°pw A\p-k-cn®v \S-°p-∂-sX√mw
kzb-aßv \S-°s´ F∂p-sh®v A{i-≤-\m-bn˛ au\-h-Z-\-\m-bn˛ A⁄-\m-
bn˛ s°m≠v Ign-bp-I-bp-am-bn-cn°pw A√mlp F∂v B¿s°-¶nepw Duln-
4841
°p-hm≥ km[n-°ptam?! Hcn-°-ep-an-√. As√-¶n¬˛ Nne¿ P¬]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-
se˛ temI-Im-cy-ß-sf-sam-Ø-am-bn-´-√msX hni-Z-ambn A√mlp Adn-bp-I-bn-
s√-t∂m, AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ Hmtcm kwK-Xnbpw kw`-hn-°p-tºm-g-√msX ap≥Iqń
Ah≥ Adn-bp-I-bn-s√t∂m Hcp bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izmkn hmZn-°ptam?
apkvensa∂v A`n-am-\n-°p∂ h√-hcpw Aßs\ hmZn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬, Ah-
cpsS A√mlp \msa√mw hniz-kn-°p∂ A√m-lp-thm, Izp¿-B-\n¬ {]kvXm-
hn-°-s∏-´p-Im-Wp∂ B A√m-lpthm Bbn-cn-°-bn-s√t∂ Ah-tcmSv \ap°v
]d-bp-hm-\p-≈q. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ÚÑe ÜÉàc ‘ ’G ¢VQ’Gh äGhÉª°ùdG ‘ áÑFÉZ øe Éeh
75 :πªædG - (B-Im-i-Øn-epw `qan-bnepw ad™pIn-S-°p∂ GsXmcp Imcyhpw
hy‡-amb Hcp {KŸ-Øn¬ ˛tc-J-bn¬˛ C√m-Ø-Xn-√. kq: \wev.)
F√m Imcyhpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv A√mlp F∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-]-

£w, B Adn-hn¬s]´ Hmtcm-∂pw˛ AXn¬s]-SmØ bmsXm∂pw C√-Xm-
\pw˛ C∂ ka-bØv C∂n-∂-{]-Imcw Bbn-cn-°-Ww, As√-¶n¬ Bbn-cn-°-
cpXv F∂n-ßs\ Hcp Dt±-iyhpw \n¿W-bhpw Ah-∂n-√msX hcp-sa∂v hnNm-
cn-°p-hm≥ h√-h¿°pw km[n-°ptam? bp‡n AXv kΩ-Xn-°ptam?! AXXv
Imcy-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p-tºm-ƒ am{Xw AXns‚ Afhpw tXmXpw \n¿W-bn-°p-
Itb Ah≥ sNøp-∂p-≈q˛ Hmtcm-∂n\pw {]tXyI \n¿W-b-ß-sfm∂pw
ap≥Iqń \n›-bn-®n-ń-√˛ F∂v-sh-°p-∂-]-£w, AXv Ahs‚ k¿∆-⁄-X-
sb-bpw, k¿∆-i-‡n-Xz-sØbpw tNmZyw-sN-øepw, Ahs‚ krjvSn-I-tfmSv
Ahs\ ka-s∏-Sp-Øepw Bbn-cn-°pw. Ò°üÑdG ™«ª°ùdG ƒgh A»°T ¬∏ãªc ¢ù«d (A-h-s\-
t∏mse Hcp hkvXphpw Xs∂-bn-√. Ah≥ F√mw tIƒ°p-∂-h-\m-Wv, ImWp-
∂-h\ - m-Wv.) Hcp s]mXp-hy-hÿ G¿s∏-SpØn NpΩm Ccn-°p-Ib - √ - , Ft∏mgpw
F√m Imcy-ßfpw \nb-{¥n®pw \S-Ønbpw sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv A√mlp
sNøp-∂-Xv. ¢VQC’G ¤EG äGhÉª°ùdG øe ôe ’
C G ôH~j (A-h≥ BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v `qan-bn-te°v
Imcyw \nb-{¥n-®p˛ N´-h´w sNbvXp˛ sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p) ¿CÉ°T ‘ ƒg Ωƒj πc (F√m
Znh-khpw Ah≥ Hmtcm Imcy-Øn-em-Wv) Ωƒ∏©e Q~≤H ’EG ∫õæJ Éeh ¬æFGõN Éf~æY ’EG A»°T øe ¿EGh
(G-sXmcp hkvXp-hn-s‚bpw JP-\m-°ƒ \ΩpsS ]°¬ C√m-Xn-√. AXns\
Hcp \n›nX Af-hn-e-√msX \mw Cd-°p-∂p-an-√.) F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hN-\-
ß-fpsS hym]vXn-bn¬\n∂v a\p-jy-s\bpw, Ahs‚ sNbvXn-I-sfbpw am{Xw
Hgn-hm°n \ndp-Øp-hm≥ \ymban-√-X-s∂.
~jôj Ée ºµëj ¬∏dG ¿EG (A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ hn[n-°p-∂p.)
AÉ°ûj Ée π©Øjh(A-√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.)
¿ƒdCÉ°ùj ºghπ©Øj ÉªY ∫CÉ°ùj ’ (A-h≥ sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Ah≥ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-
I-bn-√. Ah-cm-I-s´, tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.) ]t£, Hcp AWp-
A-f-hnepw A\oXn AXn-sem∂pw A√mlp sNbvI-bn-√. IQP ∫É≤ãe º∏¶j ’ ¬∏dG ¿EG
(A-√mlp Hcp AWp-Xq-°hpw A\oXn sNbvIbn-√.) G~MCG ∂HQ º∏¶j ’h (\ns‚
d∫v Hcm-tfmSpw A\oXn sNbvI-bn-√) At∏mƒ, a\p-jy-s\bpw Ahs‚
4842
{]h¿Ø-\ß - s- fbpw A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-{¥-WØ
- n¬\n∂v kzX-{¥-am°n Hgn-
®p-\n-dp-Øp-hm-t\m, a\p-jys‚ taep≈ \nb-{¥Ww A\o-Xn-bm-sW∂v sh°p-
hmt\m A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp hnizm-kn°v km[n-°ptam? C√.
C√.
{][m\ kwibw
IzZv-dns\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ hn`m-K-°m¿ s]mXp-P-\-as≤y {]N-cn-∏n-
°m-dp≈ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ß-fpw, Xß-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ÿm]n-°p-hm≥
kzoI-cn-°p∂ \ymb-hm-Z-ßfpw ]e-Xm-Wv. Nne-sX√mw Cu Ipdn-∏n¬ ]e
kµ¿`-ß-fn-embn \mw kv]¿in-®n-´p-ap-≠v. Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw ASn-Ø-ń¬
ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xpw, s]mXpP-\-ß-sfbpw aX-{]-am-W-ß-fn¬ ]cnNbw Ipd-
™-h-scbpw BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ IqSp-X¬ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-amb
Hcp kwibw CXmWv: "a\p-jys‚ \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ß-f-S-
°-ap≈ F√m Imcy-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn-®pw, ap≥\n-›-b-a-
\p-kc
- n®pw \S-°p-∂X - pw, Ahs‚ krjvSnbpw BsW-¶n¬ AYhm a\p-jys‚
{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ a\p-jys‚ C—bpw Dt±-iy-hpw A\p-k-cn®pw Ahs‚ Ign-
hp-sIm≠v am{Xw D≠m-Ip-∂-X-s√-¶n¬˛ ]ns∂ a\p-jy≥ sNøp∂ sX‰p-Ip-
‰-ßƒ°v Ahs\ A√mlp in£n-°p-∂Xv \ymb-am-Iptam? AXv A\o-Xn-
bt√? bp‡n°v FXn-ct√? a\p-jys‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v Ah≥ Dt±-in-
°p∂ {]Imcw Ah≥ cq]w \¬Ip-∂Xv \mw ImWp-∂p. am{X-a-√, AsX√mw
a\p-jys‚ I¿a-ß-fm-bn-s°m≠v Xs∂-bmWv Izp¿-B≥ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xpw.
F∂n-cn-s°, a\p-jy-I¿a-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v Ahs‚
krjvSn-bm-bn-s°m-≠p-amWv D≠m-Ip-∂-sX∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv hnUvVn-Ø-at√?
Cu \ymb-hm-Z-Øn¬\n∂mWv a‰p-ff bp‡n-hm-Z-ßƒ DS-se-Sp-°p-∂X.v
Ahsb \ymbo-I-cn-°p∂ ]e D]-hm-Z-ßfpw, hymJym-\-ß-fpw, Zp¿hym-Jym-
\-ßfpw thsdbpw ImWpw.
At\Iw Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬\n-∂pw, [mcmfw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n-

∂pw, kzlm-_n-Ifpw Xm_n-DI
- fpw AS-°a
- p≈ _lp-`q-cn-`mKw ]WvUn-X≥am-
cpsS {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬\n∂pw kwi-b-c-ln-X-ambn Adn-b-s∏-´-XmWv a\p-
jys‚ I¿a-ßƒ AS-°-ap≈ F√m Imcy-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Adnhpw,
Dt±-iyhpw A\p-k-cn®p Ah≥ krjvSn-°p-∂-XmWv F∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚
km¿∆-{Xn-I-amb Adn-hv, Ahs‚ A]m-c-amb Ignhv apX-emb al¬Kp-W-
ßsf IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ aX-ZrjvSym am{X-a√ ˛_p-≤n-bpsS ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ Xs∂˛ AXv hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ \mw \n¿_-‘n-X-cp-am-Ip-∂p. F∂n-cn-
s°, Cu kwi-b-Øn\v adp-]Sn ImWp-hm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-s√-¶n¬t]m-
epw, A√m-lp-hns‚ F{Xtbm krjvSn-c-l-ky-ßƒ \ap°v Adn-bm≥ Ign-
4843
bm-Ø-Xvt]mse Cusbmcp cl-kyhpw \ap-°-dn-bp-I-bn-s√-∂p-sh®v kam-[m-
\n-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Izp¿B≥ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-sIm≠v am{Xw \ΩpsS
_p≤nt°m \nco-£-W-ßƒt°m I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ F{Xtbm
bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ \mw kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \ΩpsS
IS-ab- p-am-WX- v. (*) F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, kpÿm-]n-Xa
- mb aX-{]-am-Wß- sf Zp¿hym-
Jym\w sNbvXn-s´-¶nepw kz¥w bp‡n-hm-Zß - sf \ymbo-Ic - n-°W
- s- a∂ a¿°-
S-ap-jvSn-bn-√mØ kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v a\- -am-[m-\-Øn-\p≈ ]cn-lmcw Izp¿-
B-s‚bpw lZo-Yn-s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬Xs∂ \ap°v Is≠-Øm-hp-∂-XmWv
Xm\pw.
Hcp Imcy-Øns‚ Hcp hiw-am{Xw Btem-Nn®v hn[n-I¬]n-°p-∂Xv

icn-b-√. AXns‚ adp-h-i-ß-sf-°qSn IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-thWw hn[n-I¬]n-
°p-hm≥. sFln-I-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ _p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw \¬Ip∂ AtX
ÿm\w ssZhnI Imcy-ß-fnepw AXn\v \¬Ip-∂Xv icn-b-√. ssZhnI Imcy-
ß-fn-epw, ]mc-{XnI Imcy-ß-fnepw ssZh-hm-Iy-ßƒ°pw {]hm-NI hmIy-
ßƒ°p-amWv ap≥K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xv. Cu kwKXn CØcw hnj-b-ß-fn¬
\mw kZm Hm¿an-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Hmtcm hkvXp-hn\pw AX-Xn-s‚-Xmb krjvSnbpw {]Ir-Xn-hn-ti-j-

Xbpw A√mlp \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. AXm-Xn-\p-]-bp-‡-amb am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw
Ah≥ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (¬W -i~g ºK ¬≤∏N A»°T πc ≈£YCG) A°q-´Ø - n¬ a\p-jy\pw
Nne {]tXy-I-X-I-fp-≠v. Ah-bn¬ {][m-\-s∏´ H∂mWv hnti-j-_p≤n (π≤©dG).
hntij _p≤n D]-tbm-Kn®v Xm≥ F¥v sNø-Ww, F¥v sNø-cpXv F∂pw,
]e apJ-ß-fmb Imcy-ß-fn¬ GXmWv Xm≥ kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv F∂pw Xnc-
s™-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ A`n-{]m-b-i‡n (QÉ«àNE’G)-bpw, AXv {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ hcp-
Øp-hm-\p≈ Ignhpw (IQ~b) A√mlp Ah\v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ Xnc-
s™-SpØ Imcyw Ah≥ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-tºmƒ B Imcyw
Ahs‚ {]hr-Ønbpw Ahs‚ A≤zm-\hpw (Ö°ùc) Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
]t£, Cu A`n-{]mb kzmX-{¥y-hpw, {]h¿Ø-\-I-gnhpw XnI®pw ]cn-]q¿W-
tam \ncp-]m-[n-Itam A√. H∂m-a-Xmbn, A√mlp \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p≈
Hcp ]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ AXv HXp-ßn-\n¬°p-∂p. c≠m-aX - m-bn, Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n\pw
{]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p-ap≈ kml-N-cy-ßƒ kpc-£n-X-ambncn°p-Ibpw thWw.
(*) kz¿Kw, \c-Iw, Iznbm-a-Ønse ]e kw`-h-ßƒ, ae-°p-Iƒ,
Ah-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v A√m-lp-hns\ ImW¬
XpS-ßnb ]eXpw CXn\v DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv. bp‡n-hm-Z-°m¿°v Ch-bn-
se-√mw-Xs∂ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \ntj-[-hpw, _mly-Øn¬ Ah-cp-sS-Xmb
Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ß-fp-am-Wp-≈Xv; AXn-sem∂v am{X-amWv IzZv-dns‚ Imcy-
hpw.
4844
C∏-d-™-Xn¬ ssZh-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb B¿°pw kwibw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√.
a\p-jy≥ Xnc-s™-SpØXpw Ah≥ Dt±-in-®X - p-amb Imcy-ßs - f√mw

{]tbm-KØ - n¬ ht∂-°W - s
- a-∂n√. NneXv {]tbm-KØ - n¬ hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ah≥
kzbw Xs∂ Dt±-in-°m-bvI-sIm-≠pw, a‰v NneXv Fs¥-¶nepw hnLv\w t\cn-
´-Xv-sIm≠pw apS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ {]tbm-K-Øn¬h∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-
sf√mw ê-Øn¬ hcp-∂Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ am{Xw Dt±-iy-w-
sIm≠pw {]hr-Øn-sIm-≠p-amtWm? CXmWv Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xv. BZy-am-bn,
Ah≥ Xnc-s™-SpØ ˛A-Yhm C—n® ˛Imcyw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-hm-\p≈
Dt±iyw (C-Xn-\mWv ain-øØv F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv) thWw. CXm-I-s´, A√mlp
Dt±-in-s®-¶n¬ am{Xta kwPm-Xa - m-Ip-∂p-≈q. ÚŸÉ©dG ÜQ ¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG ¿hDhÉ°ûJ Éeh(temI
c£n-Xm-hmb A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-I-bn-
√) Nne Imcy-ßƒ C∂{]Imcw th≠-Xp-s≠∂ a\p-jys‚ a\- m£n hn[n
I¬]n-°p-∂p. AXv sNøm≥ B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. bmsXmcp XS-
hpw t\cn-´X - mbn ImWp-∂p-an-√. F∂n-´vt]mepw AXv sNøm≥ Ah≥ aptºm-
´p-h-cp-∂n-√. F{Xtbm DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ CXn\v ImWmw. ImcWw F¥mWv?
A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw C√m-ØXp Xs∂, F\n, {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in®p
Ign-™m¬ AXn-\p-th≠n a\p-jy≥ F¥mWv sNøp-∂Xv? Ahs‚ Adn-
hnepw Ign-hnepw s]´ Hcp-°-ßƒ Ah≥ sNøp-∂p. At∏mƒ an°-hmdpw
AXv ê-Øn¬ hcp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ ê-Øn¬ hcm-sXbpw kw`-hn-°p-∂p.
B Adnhpw Ignhpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v kn≤n-®-Xm-sW-∂-t]m-se-Ø-s∂,
AXn-\p-th≠n Ah≥ hn\n-tbm-Kn® Hmtcm D]m-[nbpw k÷-am-°n-b-Xpw,
AXns‚ D]-tbm-K-{Iaw \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xpw, Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw êw
C∂-{]-Im-c-sa∂v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpsa√mw A√mlp Xs∂. AsX,
¿ƒ∏ª©J Éeh ºµ≤∏N ¬∏dGh (A-√mlp \nß-sfbpw \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.)
a\p-jy≥ \new DgpXv Inf¿Øp-∂p, sh≈w \\-°p-∂p, AXn¬
hnØv hnX-°p-∂p. Cu aq∂n¬ Hmtcm∂n\pw-th≠n Ah≥ F{X-sb{X hkvXp-
°sf GsX√mw hnt[\ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sh∂v Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. Imcy-
Im-cW _‘-ß-fpsS Hcp \o≠ ]ń-I-Xs∂ \ΩpsS apºn¬ ImWmw. AXn-
cn-°-s´, HSp°w [m\yw apf®v hnf-bp-∂p. AXv Ahs‚ A≤zm-\-am-sW-∂pw,
{]h¿Ø-\^ - e
- a
- m-sW∂pw kΩ-Xn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. AXns‚ t]cn¬ B hnf-hns‚
DS-a-ÿ-Xbpw Ah\v Xs∂ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah≥ hnØn-s´-¶nepw hnØv
apf-∏n-®Xv Ah-\√; Ah≥ hf-ans´¶nepw hnf-bn-®Xv Ah\√; Dgp-sX-¶nepw
`qan ]nf¿ØXpw Inf¿Øn-bXpw Ah-\√; Imen-Isf hmßn-bXpw Ahsb
sIń Dgp-XXpw sXfn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xpw Ah-s\-¶nepw Ahsb AXn\v D]-
I-cn-°p-am-dm-°n-bXpw Ah-\√ Aßs\ ]e-Xpw. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Ah≥ AXn-
s\√mw Hcp Imc-W° - m-c\
- mbn CS-s]-´p-sh-∂vam-{Xw. Ah≥ Dgp-Xt- ∏mƒ \new-
4845
]n-f¿∂p; sh≈w Xncn®p hn´-t∏mƒ aÆp-\\
- ™p; Ipsd Ign-™t- ∏mƒ hnØv
apf®p; AXv {ItaW hnf™p. CXmWv kw`-hn-®-Xv. Ch Hmtcm∂pw bYm-
hn[n ê-Øn¬ hcpØn {]mtbm-Kn-I-cq]w \¬Inb AZr-iy-lkvXw Ch-
bp-sS-sb√mw ]n∂n¬ Ds≠∂v kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcp \njv]-£-_p-
≤n°v Ign-bptam? ssZh-\n-tj-[n-Iƒt]mepw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CXv kΩ-Xn-
°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Wv, AsX, temI-\n-b-¥m-hm-b˛ k¿∆-⁄\pw k¿∆-
i-‡-\p-am-b˛ Hs∂m-gn-bmsX kIe hkvXp-hn\pw AXm-Xns‚ krjvSn
\¬Ip∂ krjvSn-I¿Øm-hns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-am-W-Xv. Ahs‚ krjvSn-bm-W-
Xv. ]t£, IpSp- mb bp‡n-hm-Z-ß-fm¬ ssZh-\n-tj-[-Øn\v ASn-a-s∏´v
Dƒ°mgvN \in-®-h¿ B i‡n°v "{]Ir-Xn-hn-ti-jX'sbt∂m at‰m t]cv
\¬In Xr]vXn AS-bp-∂p. CsXmcp DZm-l-cWw am{Xw. Hmtcm a\p-jy-{]-
h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ \nebpw CXp-X-s∂.
CXn¬\n∂v \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-sX-¥mWv? a\p-jys‚ I¿a-ßƒ
\ncp-]m-[n-I-am-bn-cn-°-Ø-°-hn[w Ah≥ ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw kzX-{¥t\m
i‡t\m A√. A√m- l p- h ns‚ CS- s ]- S - e pw- I qSn Ds≠- ¶ nte Ah
km£m¬Ir-X-am-Ip-I-bp-≈q. Xnc-s™-Sp-°m-\p≈ A`n-{]mb kzmX{¥yw
(QÉ«àNG), GsX-¶nepw H∂n-ep-ff {]tXyI Xm¬]cyw (IOGQG), F∂n-h°v ]pdsa
AX-Xn\v A√mlp \n›-bn® Imcy-Im-cW _‘-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v X\n°v Ign-
hp-≈n-S-tØmfw Hcp-°-ßƒ sNøp-I, AYhm AXn-\p-th≠n bXv\n-°pI
(Ö°ùµdG) CsX√mw a\p-jys‚ hI-bm-Wv. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Ah-\n¬\n-∂p-
≠m-Ip∂ F√m I¿a-ßfpw Ah-t‚-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXns‚ KpW-tZm-j-^-
e-ßƒ°v Ah≥ DØ-c-hm-Znbpw Bbn-Øo-cp-∂p.
Ahs‚ A`n-{]m-bhpw Xm¬]-cyhpw {]h¿Ø\w aptJ\ {]mtbm-

Kn-I-am-°p-hm-\p≈ Dt±iyw Ah-\n¬ kwPm-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv A√mlp Dt±-in-
°p-tºmƒ am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\p≈ D]m-[n-Iƒ k÷-am-°p-∂X
- pw, Hmtcm-
∂n-s‚bpw ê-ßƒ Iqń-bn-W°n D±njvS Imcy-Øn\v km£m¬ {]mtbm-Kn-
I-cq]w \¬Ip-∂Xpw A√m-lp-hm-bn-cn-°pw. C°m-c-W-Øm¬˛ a‰v Imcy-
ßsft∏mse-X-s∂˛ a\p-jy-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øn\v
hnt[-b-am-Wv. F√mw Ah≥ krjvSn \¬In cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
bYm¿∞- Ø n¬ F√m- ‰ n- s ‚bpw {kjv S mhv A√m- l p- X - s ∂.

(A»°T πc ≥dÉN ¬∏dG) F¶n-epw, _mly-Øn-ep≈ I¿Øm-hpw, Xm¬]-cy-]q¿∆w
th≠p∂ Hcp-°-ßƒ sNbvXv bXv\n-®-h\pw F∂ \ne°v a\p-jys‚
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Nne-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ krjvSn F∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]d-
bm-dp-≠v. Cukm \_n (A) Ipcp-hn-bpsS cq]-Øn¬ Ifn-a-Æp-sIm≠v cq]-ap-
≠m°n DuXp-tºmƒ AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-a-Xn-{]-Imcw ]£n-bm-bn-Øo-
cpI Fs∂mcp ZrjvSm¥w A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-s\-
4846
∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°p∂ Hcn-SØv 110:òFÉŸG - Ò£dG áÄ«¡c Ú£dG øe ≥∏îJ PGh (\o ]£n-
bpsS BIr-Xn-bn¬ Ifn-a-Æp-sIm≠v krjvSn-°p-tºmƒ) F∂mWv ]d-™n-
cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ifhv sIń-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n .17:äƒÑµæ©dG -ÉµaEG ¿ƒ≤∏îJh (\n-ßƒ
\pW krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂p) F∂pw ]d™p ImWmw. _mly-Øn¬ ImWp-
∂-Xns\ Bkv]-Z-am-°n˛ As√-¶n¬ Be-¶m-cn-I-am-bn˛ s°m≠p≈ Hcp
{]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. ae-bm-f-Ønepw Cß-s\-bp≈ {]tbmKw km[m-c-W-am-Wv.
Ú≤dÉÿG ø°ùMCG ({k-jvSm-°-fn¬ G‰hpw \√-h≥) F∂v Izp¿-B-\nepw a‰pw
A√mlphns\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ kmcw CXm-Wv. km£m¬ krjvSn-
I¿Øm-hpw, F√m-d-dn-s‚bpw bYm¿∞ krjvSn-I¿Ømhpw A√mlp Xs∂.
16:~YôdG -QÉ¡≤dG ~MGƒdG ƒgh A»°T πc ≥dÉN ¬∏dG (A-√mlp F√m-d-dn-s‚bpw {kjvSm-hm-Ip-
∂p. Ah≥ GI\pw k¿∆m-[n-Im-cn-bp-a-s{X.) 3:ôWÉa - ¬∏dG ÒZ ≥dÉN øe πg (A-√mlp
A√msX h√ {kjvSm-hp-apt≠m?!)
a\p-jy-I¿a-ßƒ Ahs‚ C—-sIm≠pw {]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw D≠m-

Ip∂p F∂-tXm-sSm-∏w-X-s∂, Ah A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-bp-am-sW∂v I≠p-
h- t √m. At∏mƒ, k¬°¿a- ß ƒ A√m- l p- h ns‚ krjv S n- b m- s W- ∂ pw,
Zpjv°¿aßƒ a\p-jys‚ kz¥w krjvSn-bm-sW∂pw th¿Xn-cn-°p-hm≥
\ymb-an-√. Aßs\ k¶¬]n-°p-∂-]-£w, AXv "Y\-hnøm (ájƒæK) I£n-bpsS
ZznssZh kn≤m-¥Ø - ns‚ Hcp ]I¿∏p-am-{X-am-bn-cn°pw (*) A√mlp ]d-bp∂p
( Ah¿°v h√ \∑bpw _m[n-°p∂ ]£w Ah¿ ]dbpw: CXv A√m-lp-

hns‚ ASp-°¬\n∂p-≈-XmWv. h√ Xn∑bpw _m[n-°p∂ ]£w Ah¿
]dbpw CXp \ns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p-≈X - m-Wv.(-\_
- n-tb) ]d-bpI: F√mw A√m-
lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂mWv. F∂m¬ , Cu P\-X°v F¥mWv? Ah¿ Hcp
h¿Ø-am-\-hpw {Kln-°p-am-dm-Ip-∂n-√-t√m.)\∑-bpw Xn∑bpw A√m-lp-hns‚
]°¬ \n∂m-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂-sX∂v CXn¬ A√mlp hyIvX-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
(*) {]Im-i-Øns‚ ˛ \∑-bp-sS˛ {kjvSm-hpw, A‘-Im-c-Øn-s‚˛

Xn∑-bpsS {kjvSmhpw F∂n-ßs\ c≠v {kjvSm-°f - p-s≠∂ kn≤m-¥a- mWv
"Y\-hn-øØv' (Dualism), t]¿ky-bnse A·n-bm-cm-[-I-cmb "aPqkn'Isf-
∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Ch-cp-am-bp≈ kº¿°-Øn¬\n-∂pw, t]¿jy≥ kwkvIm-
chpw Nn¥m-K-Xnbpw Cdm-Izp-Im-cn¬ sNep-Øp∂ kzm[o-\-Øn¬\n∂pw DS-
se-Sp-Ø-XmWv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ IzZvdns‚ \ntj-
[w. apI-fn¬ hmbn® C_v\p Da¿ (d)s‚ lZo-Yn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ CXv a\-
n-em-°m-a-t√m. IzZvcnøm I£n-sb-∏‰n Cu kap-Zm-b-Ønse aPq-kn-Iƒ
F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-Xns‚ Imc-Whpw CXn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw.
4847
]t£, Hcp hyXym-k-ap≠v: \∑ A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wyhpw A\p-{K-
l-hp-am-Wv. Xn∑ a\p-jys‚ GsX-¶nepw ZpjvsN-bvXn-bpsS ê-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
Cu bmYm¿∞yw CXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂p≈ hN-\-Øn¬Xs∂ A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-
ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-ßn-s\-bmWv:∂°ùØf øªa áÄ«°S øe ∂HÉ°UCG Éeh ¬∏dG øªa áæ°ùM øe ∂HÉ°UCG Ée
(\n-\°v h√ \∑bpw _m[n-®m-eXv A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°pw. h√ Xn∑bpw
\n\°v _m[n-®m-eXv \n∂n¬ \n∂v Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. (4 : 79). as‰mcp hN-\-
Øn¬\n∂v Cu hkvXpX IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°mw. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p: iQƒ°ûdG-Òãc øY GƒØ©jh ºµj~jG âÑ°ùc ÉªÑa áÑ«°üe øe ºµHÉ°UCG Éeh (\n-ßƒ°v h√ _m[bpw
_m[n-®m-eXv \nß-fpsS Ic-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-®Xv \nan-Ø-am-Ip-∂p. ]e-Xn-s\-°p-
dn®pw Ah≥ am∏v \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. (42: 30) \∑sb am{Xta A√m-lp-
thmSv tN¿Øv ]d-bmhq F∂pw, Xn∑sb Ah-t\mSv tN¿Øv ]d-bp-∂-Xv A]-a-
cym-Z-bm-sW∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv CXv-sIm-≠m-Wv. CX-\p-k-cn-®mWv \_n Xncp-ta\n
˜-bn¬\n∂v Izp¿-B≥ tI´v hniz-kn® Pn∂p-Iƒ Ah-cpsS \o≠ {]kvXm-h-\-
bn¬ Cßs\ ]d-™Xv: ø÷G-G~°TQ º¡HQ º¡H OGQG ΩG ¢VQ’G ‘ øÃ ~jQG ô°TG …Q~f ’ (`q-an-bn-ep-
≈-h-sc-s°m≠v h√ tZmjhpw Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-thm, AX-√, Ah-cpsS
d∫v Ah-sc-s°m≠v t\¿hgn Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂pthm F∂v \ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm)
KpWsØ am{Xta ChnsS Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv tN¿Øv ]d-™p-≈q.
IzZvdns‚ \ntj-[n-Iƒ°v Xe-th-Z\

- b
- p-≠m-°p-∂X
- m-Wt√m Cu Bb-
Øp-Iƒ. AXn\v Ah-cpsS Hcp ]WvUn-X≥ I≠p-]n-Sn® ]cn-lm-c-am¿Kw
ImWp-I. At±lw ]d-bp∂p: "Hc¿∞-Øn¬ \∑bpw Xn∑bpw A√m-lp-hns‚
]°¬\n-∂m-sW∂v ]d-bm-sa-¶nepw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ckvemans‚ XXzw \∑-
am{Xw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-∂pw, Xn∑ a\p-jy-cn¬\n∂v am{X-hp-amWv
D≠m-Ip-∂Xv F∂m-Ip-∂p.' Aev]-sam∂v Btem-Nn®v t\m°p-I. Xßƒ°v
_m[n-°p∂ Xn∑ \_n ˜ \nan-Ø-am-sW∂v Btcm-]n® apivcn°p-I-tfmSv
adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm-\p≈ Iev]-\-bmWv ¬∏dG ~æY øe πc πb (]-d-bp-I, F√mw A√m-
lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-∂m-Ip-∂p.) F∂p≈ hmIyw, AtXm-sSm∏w "Cu Iq´¿°v
F¥m-bn-t∏mbn? Ah¿ Hcp h¿Øam-\hpw {Kln-°p-am-dm-Ip-∂n-√t√m!
( Éãj~M ¿ƒ¡≤Øj ¿hOÉµj ’ Ωƒ≤dG A’Dƒ¡d Éªa) F∂v A√mlp Ah-sc-∏‰n Bt£-]n-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p, BZysØ Bb-Ønse aq∂v hmN-I-ß-fnepw ~æY øe(-A-Sp-
°¬ \n∂v AYhm ]°¬ \n∂v) F∂v {]tbm-Kn-®Xpw XpS¿∂p≈ Bb-
Ønse c≠p hmN-I-ß-fnepw øe (C¬\n-∂v) F∂p-am{Xw {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-
∂Xpw {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. CsXm∂pw IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sX, BZysØ Bb-
Øn¬ "Hcp \ne-°p≈ adp-]Sn' ]d-™-Xm-sW-∂pw, "bYm¿∞ adp-]Sn' c≠m-
asØ Bb-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Xń-aq-fn-®Xv Ch¿°v tbmPn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-
°m-sa-¶n-epw, AXv X\n _men-i-am-bn-t∏m-bn. c≠v Bb-Øp-Ifpw XΩn¬
sshcp-≤y-ap-s≠-∂m-Wt√m CXns‚ A¿∞w. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, BZysØ
4848
BbØv \∑bpw Xn∑-bp-amb F√m _m[bpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip-
∂Xpw Ahs‚ krjvSn-bp-am-sW∂v Ipdn-°p-∂p. c≠m-asØ BbØv \∑-
bpsS D¤-hhpw Imc-Whpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Xs∂-bm-sW-∂pw, F∂m¬
Xn∑-bm-Ip∂ _m[ a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v D¤-hn-°p-∂p˛ AYhm Ah-\m-Wn-
Xns‚ Imc-W-°m-c≥˛ F∂pw Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. F∂-√m-sX,
BZysØ Bb-Øn¬ ]d-™-Xn\v hncp-≤-ambn c≠m-asØ Bb-Øn¬ Xn∑
a\p-jys‚ krjvSn-bm-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-I-b√ sNøp-∂-Xv.
A√mlp BtcmSpw AWp-A-fhv A\oXn sNøp-I-bn-s√∂v Xo¿®-

bm-Wv. Izp¿-B-\n¬ AXv Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v ]d-™n-´p-ap-≠v. At∏mƒ,
a\p-jy\v _m[n-°p∂ GsXmcp Xn∑bpw Ahs‚ kz¥w ImcWw sIm≠p-
≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Ip-hmt\ Xc-ap-≈q. ISpØ ap\m-^nIzv (I-]-S-hn-izm-kn)-I-fpsS
]e ZpjvsN-bvXn-Ifpw Xpd-∂p-Im-ń-s°m≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
(A-h-cpsS kzØp-°fpw k¥m-\-ßfpw \ns∂ B›-cy-s∏-Sp-Øm-

Xn-cn-°-s´. Ah-aqew Ahsc Cl-Øn¬ sh®v in£n-°p-hm-\pw, Ahn-izm-
kn-I-fm-bpw-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS Poh≥ t]mIp-hm\pw Xs∂-bmWv A√mlp
Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.) Ahsc A√mlp in£n-°p-hm-\pw, Ah¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-
bn-Øs∂ ]cy-h-km-\n-°p-hm\pw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw, AXn-\p≈
ImcWw ap≥-Bb - Ø- p-If - n¬ {]kvXm-hn® Ah-cpsS ZpjvsN-bvXn-If - m-sW∂pw
hy‡-am-Wt- √m. AXp-t]m-se-Øs - ∂, F{X D]-tZ-iß - fpw e£y-ßfpw D≠m-
bn´pw kXy- Ø n- t e°v sNhn- s Im- S p- ° mØ PqX≥am- s c- ∏ ‰n
41:I~FÉŸG - º¡Hƒ∏b ô¡£j ¿G ¬∏dG Oôj ⁄ øjòdG ∂ÄdhCG (lr-Z-b-ßsf ip≤n-bm-°-W-sa∂v
A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-ń-√mØ Iq´-cm-W-h¿.) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ
KpWsØ am{X-a-√, tZmj-sØbpw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-sa-∂pw, Ah-\n¬\n-
∂mWv tZmjw kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, AtX ka-bØv tZmj-Øn-\p≈ Imc-
W-°m-c≥ a\p-jy-\m-sW-∂pw, B ImcWw a\p-jy-\n¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip-tºm-gmWv
A√mlp B tZmjw krjvSn-°p-∂-sX∂pw a\- n-em-bn.
A¿∞-h-Ømb Hcp kw`m-jWw

Camw A_q-C-kvlmIzv Ckv^-dm-bo\o (d)bpw Hcp apAvXkn-en-
t\-Xm-hmb A_vZp¬ P∫mdpw XΩn¬ I≠p-ap-ń-b-t∏mƒ \S∂ Hcp ênX
kw`m-j-W-Øn¬\n∂v kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-ambn Nne Imcy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
D]-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp `mKw ChnsS ]I¿Ø-s´.
4849
A_vZp¬ P∫m¿: Zpjv{]-hr-Øn-I-fn¬\n∂v ]cn-ip-≤-\mb A√m-
lp-hns\ Rm≥ hmgvØp-∂p. [A√mlp \∑sb am{Xta Dt±-in-°p-Ibpw
krjvSn-°p-I-bp-ap≈q F∂p kqN-\.]
Ckv^dmbo\o: Xs‚ B[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ Xm≥ Dt±-in-®-X-√msX

as‰m∂pw kw`-hn-°mØ A√m-lp-hns\ Rm≥ hmgvØp∂p [A√mlp Dt±-
in-®-sX√mw Ah≥ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-sa-∂pw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-°m-Ø-]£w \∑-
bmIs´, Xn∑-bm-Is´ D≠m-Ip-I-bn-s√∂pw kqN\]
A_vZp¬ P∫m¿: Xm¶-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-

°p-∂Xv Ah≥ CjvSs - ∏-Sptam? [A√mlp Xn∑sb Dt±-in-°p-sa-¶n¬, Ahs‚
Iev]\
- °v hn]-coXw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂X - n\pw Ah≥ Dt±-in-t®-°p-sa-∂pw, AX-
h\v CjvS-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw hcp-at√m F∂v kqN-\.]
Ckv^-dm-bo\o: Xm¶-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-

∂Xv XS-bp-hm≥ Ign-bmsX Ah≥ \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hg-ßn-s°m≠v AXv
kln-°p-I-bmtWm? [A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚
Dt±iyw IqSm-sX˛ a\p-jys‚ am{Xw Dt±-iyhpw Ign-hpw-sIm-≠v˛ BsW-
¶n¬ A√m-lp-hn\v Xr]vXn-bn-√mØ A°mcyw XS-bp-hm≥ Ign-bmsX Ah≥
Zp¿∫-e-\m-bn-cn-°p-at√m F∂v kmcw.]
A_vZp¬P∫m¿: CXp-It≠m?! A√mlp F\n°v k≥am¿Kw XS-

bp-I-bpw, \mi-Øn\v hn[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬, Ah≥ Ft∂mSv sNøp-∂Xv
\∑tbm Xn∑tbm? [F\n°v Ah≥ Xn∑ Dt±-in-°p-sa-¶n¬ AXv A\o-Xn-
bt√? F∂v kmcw.]
Ckv^-dm-bo\o: \nßƒ°v A¿l-X-s∏´ \nß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-amWv

Ah≥ apS-°n-b-sX-¶n¬ Ah≥ sNbvXXv Xn∑-bm-Wv. Ah\v A¿l-X-s∏´
Ahs‚ Ah-Im-i-amWv Ah≥ apS°n-b-sX-¶n¬ AXv Xn∑-b-√. Hcp DS-a-
ÿ≥ Xs‚ DS-a-ÿ-X-bn¬s]´ Imcy-Øn¬ Xm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-Xm-Wv. [AXn\v Ah\v kzmX-{¥y-ap-≠v.]
kw`m-jWw C{X-bp-am-b-t∏mƒ AXv tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ kZ-ky¿

C{]-Imcw ]d™p: "F\n, CXn-\-∏pdw adp]Snbn√' (á«eÓ°SE’G ¥ôØdG øe `gG) kq:
amCZx 43¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "BIm-i-ß-fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw cmPm-[n-
]Xyw A√m-lp-hn-∂m-sW∂v \o Adn-bp-∂nt√?! Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc
Ah≥ in£n°pw; Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-
4850
Ibpw sNøpw. A√mlp F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-Wv.(ïdG ¬∏dG ¿CG º∏©J ⁄CG)
CtX Bi-b-amWv Ckv^-dm-bo\o (d)-bpsS adp-]-Sn-bn¬ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv.
\∑-Xn-∑-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw NneXv Adn-™n-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Nne Imcy-

ßƒ \ΩpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬ Xn∑-bmbn tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah
\∑-bm-bn -Iem-in-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°mw. Nne hy‡n-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw
tZmj-I-c-amb Hcp Imcyw s]mXp-hn¬ \∑-bp-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°mw. Nne-t∏mƒ
sNdn-sbmcp tZmj-am-bn-cn°pw hºn® as‰mcp tZmjsØ XS-bp-∂-Xv. Cu
Pohn-X-Øn¬ Xn∑tbm tZmjtam Bb Nne Imcy-ßƒ ]mc-{XnI Pohn-X-
Øn¬ henb \∑bpw `mKy-hp-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. tZmjw-
sIm≠pw KpWw- s Im≠pw \nßsf \mw ]co- £ Ww \SØpw
(AÉ«ÑfC’G-áæàa ÒÿGh ô°ûdÉH ºcƒ∏Ñfh) F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂v CXv a\- n-em-
°mw. Npcp-°-Øn¬, \mw, tZmj-I-c-ambn Icp-Xp-∂-sX√mw bYm¿∞-Øn¬
tZmj-I-c-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√.
(-Hcp Imcyw \nßƒ°v shdp-∏m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw AXv \nßƒ°v KpW-

am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvtX-°mw. Hcp Imcyw \nßƒ°v CjvS-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw
AXv \nßƒ°v tZmjam-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvtX-°mw. A√m-lp-hmWv Adn-
bpI. \nßƒ°v Adn-bp-I-bn-√. (kq: A¬_-Iz-dx) Cu hN\w hfsc
{i≤m¿l-am-Ip-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ hkvXp-XI-sfm∂pw Btem-Nn-°m-sX, A√m-
lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-hI - m-iß
- s
- f-bpw, Ahs‚ ]c-tam¬Ir-jvSK
- p-Wß
- s
- fbpw
Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v a\p-jys\ ]q¿W kzX-{¥-\m°n Db¿Øp-hm-\p≈
bp‡n-hm-Z-ßƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ bp‡n-lo-\hpw A\nkveman-I-hp-a-s{X.
k¿∆-Im-cy-ßfpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-{]-Im-c-am-
sW-¶n¬, a\p-jy≥ sNøp∂ sX‰p-Iƒ°v Ahs\ in£n-°p-∂Xv \ymb-a-
s√-∂m-Wt√m IzZ-dns‚ FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS Hcm-t£-]w. ChnsS Nne kwK-Xn-
Iƒ Btem-Nn-t°-≠-Xm-bp-≠v. Hcp {]hrØn Xn∑tbm ]m]tam Bbn-Øo-
cp-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpw AXn\v t{]c-I-amb Imc-W-sØ-bpw, AXn¬ AXns‚
I¿Øm-hn-\p≈ Xm¬]-cy-sØbpw B{i-bn-®m-bn-cn-°pw. DZm-lc - W
- a- m-bn, Hcm-
fpsS ssI°v as‰m-cmƒ sIm√-s∏-´p-sh∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. AXp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw
Abmƒ sIme-∏p-≈n-bmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. Abmsf sIme-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-
Xn¬ Ah\v Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, sIme-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂ Dt±-iy-
tØm-Sp-IqSn Icp-Xn-°qń sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb∂pw hcp-tºmtg Ah≥ sIme-
∏p-f-fnbpw in£m¿l\pw BIp-∂p-≈q. t\sc-a-dn®v Dt±-iy-]q¿∆-a-√m-sX-tbm,
D∂w-]n-gt®m A_-≤-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®-Xm-hm\pw, A[n-Im-c-ÿ≥am¿°v ]nSn-
4851
bn¬ In´msX P\-ßƒ KXn-ap-ń-s°m≠ncn°p-∂-h-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Ahs‚ B IrXyw {]iw-k-\o-bhpw \√-Xp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-
Ø-s∂, \a-kvImcw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp ]pWy I¿a-am-W-t√m. ]t£, A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ {]Xn-^-e-am-bn-cn-°Ww AXv sNøp-∂-hs‚ Xm¬]-cyw.
B Dt±-iy-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww AXv \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xpw. At∏mtg AXv \a-
kvIc- n-®h
- s‚ ]pWy-I¿a-am-Ip-∂p-≈q. P\-{]-iw-kb
- n-ep≈ Xm¬]cywsIm≠m-
WXv \n¿∆-ln-®-sX-¶n¬ AXv ]pWy-I¿a-a-s√∂v am{X-a√ ]m]-I¿ahpw IqSn-
bm-bn-cn-°pw.
At∏mƒ, a\p-jys‚ Xm¬]-cyw, C—, e£yw, ]cn-{iaw F∂n-h-

sbm-s°-bmWv Ahs‚ {]hr-Øn-Isf hne-bn-cp-Øp∂ D]m-[n-Iƒ. AY-hm,
Hcp am\-Z-WvU-hp-an-√mØ Nne Bfp-Isf hgn-]n-g-®-h-cpw, a‰pNnesc
t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-®-hcpw B°p-I-b-√ A√mlp sNøp-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p:
(£-Wn-I-am-bp-≈-Xns\ Bsc-¶nepw DZy-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-

bm¬, \mw Ah-\v˛ AXm-bXv \mw Dt±-in-°p∂h\v ˛\mw Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv
AXn¬ \mw thK-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂X - m-Wv. ]n∂o-Sh - \v \mw \c-IsØ G¿s∏-
Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pw. AXn-e-h≥ Bt£-]n-°-s∏-´-h-\mbpw B´-s∏-´-h-\mbpw
sIm≠v IS-s∂-cn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw Xm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-s°m≠v
]c-tem-IsØ Dt±-in-°p-I-bpw, AXn\vth≠n AXn-t‚-Xmb ]cn-{iaw ]cn-
{i-an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ A°q-´-cpsS ]cn-{iaw \µn-sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-
°pw. (kq: CkvdmDv) sFln-Ik - pJw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ib - pw, AXn¬ Xm¬]cyw
ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v AXn-te°v th≠p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw A√mlp
\¬Ip-I. ]t£, Ah¿ B{K-ln-°p∂ Af-hn-e√, A√mlp Dt±-in-°p∂
Af-hn-em-bn-cn-°pw. AXm-I-s´, Ah≥ Dt±-in® Bfp-Iƒ°v am{X-hp-am-bn-cn-
°pw. adn®v ]c-temI \∑-bn-emWv Hcm-fpsS Xm¬]-cyhpw e£y-hp-sa-¶n¬
B B{Klw A√mlp \µn-]q¿∆w kzoI-cn®p AXn\v th≠Xv sNbvXp-sIm-
Sp-°pw. ]t£, AXn-\m-h-iy-amb kXy-hn-izm-khpw ]cn-{i-ahpw IqSn-th-Ww.
Bscm-s°-bmWv \√-Xns\ B{K-ln-°p-∂-h-sc-∂pw, Bscm-s°-bmWv
NoØsb B{K-ln-°p-∂-h-sc∂pw A√m-lp-hn-\m-Wt√m IqSp-X¬ Adn-bp-
I. 117:ΩÉ©fC’G -øj~à¡ŸÉH º∏YCG ƒgh ¬∏«Ñ°S øY π° j øe º∏YCG ƒg ∂HQ` ¿EG (\n-›-b-ambpw \ns‚
d∫p-Xs - ∂-bmWv Ahs‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v hgn-]n-g® - p-t]m-Ip-∂h - s
- c-∏‰n G‰w
Adn-bp-∂-h≥. t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-°p-∂-h-sc-∏-‰nbpw Ah≥ G‰w Adn-bp-∂-
h-\-s{X. (A≥-Bw)
sFln-I-kp-J-ßsf Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p∂ tXmXn-
4852
es√-¶n-epw˛ A√mlp Dt±-in® tXmXn¬˛ AXv \¬Ip-∂Xv A√m-lp-X-s∂.
AtXm-sSm∏w Ah¿°v \c-I-amWv B[m-c-sa∂pw A√mlp ]d-™p. AsX,
B kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ \¬InbXv A√mlp Xs∂-bm-sW-¶nepw AXp-aqew
Ah¿ in£°pw Bt£-]-Øn\pw ]m{X-am-Ip-∂p. Imc-Ww, Ah≥ sFln-
I-kp-J-Øn\v {]m[m\yw I¬]n-®-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚ ("a-in-
øØm'Ip∂) Dt±-iy-{]-Imcw Ah≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-se√mw Ahs‚ {]oXnbpw
s]mcp-Øhpw D≠m-bn-s°m-≈-W-sa-∂n-√. t\sc-a-dn®v Nne-Xn¬ Ah\v
shdp∏pw tIm]hpw D≠m-Im-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. ]c-
tem-I-\-∑sb Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿°v AXn-\p-th-≠p∂ klm-b-ßƒ sNbvXp-
sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xpw A√m-lp-X-s∂. F∂m¬ AXn¬ Ahs‚ {]oXnbpw s]mcp-
Ø-hpw-IqSn D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah-cpsS ]cn-{i-a-Øn\v \µn
sNø-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
"A√mlp hgn- ] n- g - ∏ n- ® p,' "A√mlp A‘≥am- c m°n'

(ºgQÉ°üHCG ¬∏dG ≈ªYCG , ¬∏dG º¡∏°VCG) F∂pw a‰pw Nne-sc-∏‰n Izp¿-B-\nepw lZo-Ynepw
{]kvXm-hn-®p-Im-Wp-∂-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, Ah¿ t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ A√mlp Ahsc AXn¬\n∂v apS°n hgn-sX-‰n®p F∂-√.
\∂m-bn-Øo-cp-I-bn-s√∂v A√m-lp-hn\v Adn-bm-hp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn°pw
AØcw {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ. kXysØ kw_-‘n®v _[n-c≥amcpw Dua-I-fpw,
Nn¥m-iq-\y-cp-amb Bfp-I-fmWv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ Pohn-I-fn¬sh®v tami-s∏-
´-h¿ ¿ƒ∏≤©j ’ øjòdG ºµÑdG º°üdG ¬∏dG ~æY ÜGh~dG ô°T ¿EG F∂p ]d-™pw-sIm≠v kq: A≥^m-
en¬ A√mlp Cßs\ XpS-cp∂p: ºgh Gƒdƒàd º¡©ª°SG ƒdh º¡©ª°S ’ GÒN º¡«a ¬∏dG º∏Y ƒdh
23:∫ÉØfC’G -¿ƒ°Vô©e (A-h-cn¬ h√ KpWhpw D≈-Xmbn A√mlp Adn-™n-cp-∂p-
sh-¶n¬ Ahsc Ah≥ tIƒ∏n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahsc tIƒ∏n-®n-cp-∂m¬X-
s∂bpw Ah¿ Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v Xncn-™p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.)
I≠pw, tI´pw, _p≤n-sIm-SpØpw Imcyw {Kln-°p-sa-∂p≈ {]Xo-£°v hI-
bn-√m-Ø-hÆw lrZbw Zpjn-®-h-sc-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu ]d-™-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠-
Xn-√. kq: PmYn-bx-bnse Hcp hN\w IqSn ImWpI:
(bm-sXm-cp-hs\ \o I≠pthm? Ah≥ Xs‚ tZtl-—sb Xs‚ ssZh-

am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p! Adn-™pw-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ A√mlp Ahs\ hgn-]n-g-hn-em-
°p-I-bpw, Ahs‚ tIƒhn°pw lrZ-b-Øn\pw ap{Z-sh-°p-I-bpw, Ahs‚
ImgvN-°p-ta¬ Hcp aqSn G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. F\n, A√m-
lp-hn\v tijw Bcm-W-hs\ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°pI? At∏mƒ, \nßƒ
Btem-Nn-°p-∂nt√?!)
4853
H∂p-IqSn Cl-Øn-te°v aS-°n-Ø-∂m¬ Xßƒ taen¬ kXy-hn-
izm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m-≈m-sa∂v \c-I-Øn¬ sh®v tIW-t]-£n-°p-∂-h-sc-°p-
dn®v A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv: 28:ΩÉ©fC’G - ¬æY Gƒ¡f ÉŸ GhOÉ©d GhOQ ƒdh (A-h¿ aS-°-s∏-
´mepw Ah-tcmSv hntcm-[n-°s - ∏-´X - n-te°v Ah¿ aS-ßp-IX - s∂ sNøpw. (A≥-
Bw.)kq:livdn¬ Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:19:ô°û◊G -º¡°ùØfCG ºgÉ°ùfCÉa ¬∏dG Gƒ°ùf øjòdÉcGƒfƒµJ ’h
(bm-sXmcp Iq´-sc-t∏mse \nßƒ BI-cpXv; Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns\ ad-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ Ah≥ Ah¿°v Ah-sc-Øs∂ ad-∏n-®p.) kq: dAvZn¬ ]d-bp∂p:
11:~YôdG- º¡°ùØfCÉH Ée GhÒ¨j ≈àM Ωƒ≤H Ée Ò¨j ’ ¬∏dG ¿EG (Hcp P\-X Xß-fpsS kz¥w ÿnXn
hyXym-k-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv-h-tc°pw A√mlpAh-cn-ep≈ ÿnXn hyXym-k-s∏-
Sp-Øp-I-bn-√.) C{Xbpw hnh-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂v GXv Xc-°m-sc-bmWv A√mlp
hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, lrZ-b-Øn\v ap{Z IpØp-∂-sX∂pw, Ft∏m-gmWv
AXv kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, AXn\v Imc-W-sa-¥m-sW∂pw A[nI hni-Zo-I-
cWw IqSm-sX-Øs∂ a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
\∑-bm-bXv am{Xta A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-I-bpw, krjvSn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvI- b p- ≈ q. AXv Ahs‚ ta¬ \n¿_- ‘ - h p- a mWv F∂s{X
"apAvXkneo'IfpsS ]£w. F∂m¬, hy‡n-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw˛
As√-¶n¬ {]Xy-£-Øn¬˛ ]eXpw Xn∑-bmbn A\p-`-h-s∏-t´-°m-sa-¶nepw
s]mXp-hn¬˛ As√-¶n¬˛ bYm¿∞-Øn¬˛ \∑-bm-bXv am{Xta A√m-lp-hns‚
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°-bp-≈q. a\p-jy-cn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ Xn∑-Iƒ°v
Imc-W-°m-c≥ a\p-jy≥X-s∂-bm-sW-¶nepw AXn\v krjvSn-cq]w \¬In
{]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-∂Xv A√m-lp-X-s∂. ]t£, \∑-am{Xw krjvSn-°-
epw, Xn∑-sbm∂pw krjvSn-°m-Xn-cn-°epw A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ \n¿_-‘-am-
sW-∂p≈ hmZw A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cs - Øbpw Ah-Im-is- Øbpw tNmZyw-
sN-øepw a\p-jys\ {kjvSm-hm-°e- p-am-Ip-∂p. apAvXknex I£n-bpsS t\Xm-
hmb A_q-Aen-øn¬ Pp∫mCu (»FÉÑ÷G »∏Y ƒHCG)-bpsS injy-\m-bn-cp∂ Camw
A_p¬ lk-\n¬ AivAcn (ìQ-…ô©°TC’G ø°ù◊G ƒHCG) Xs‚ Kpcp-h-cys\ hnt´®v
t]mIp-hm-\p-≠mb ImcWw Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ \S∂ Hcp
tNmtZym-Ø-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Camw Aiv-Aco tNmZn®p: aq∂v ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ ac-W-s∏-´p. Hcmƒ,

A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-kc - n-®h
- ≥, c≠m-a≥ A\p-kc
- W
- t- °Sv ImWn-®h
- ≥, aq∂m-
a≥ sNdp-{]m-b-°m-c≥. Ch-sc-∏‰n Aßp∂v F¥p-]-d-bp∂p?
Pp∫mCu: H∂m-a≥ kz¿K-Øn-epw, c≠m-a≥ \c-IØ

- n-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw.
aq∂m-a-Ø-h\v in£bpw {]Xn-^-e-hp-an-√.
Aiv-Aco: "F\n°v {]mb-]q¿Øn h∂v \ns‚ I¬∏-\-b-\p-k-cn®v

4854
Pohn®v kz¿Kw In´-Ø-°-hÆw Fs∂ Pohn-°p-hm≥ hnSmsX \o Fs∂
sNdp-∏-Øn¬ Xs∂ ac-W-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv F¥p-sIm-≠mWv?' F∂v aq∂m-a≥
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv tNmZn-®p-sh-¶ntem?
Pp∫mCu: "\o hep-Xm-bm¬ ]m]w sNbvXv \c-I-Øn¬ t]mtI-≠n-

h-cp-sa∂v F\n-°-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, \o sNdp-∏-Øn¬ ac-W-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p \n\°v \∑' F∂v A√mlp DØcw ]d-bpw.
AivAco: icn, At∏mƒ c≠m-a≥ Cßs\ ]d-™p-sh-¶ntem?

"dt∫, Rm≥ \ns‚ I¬∏-\°v hn]-coXw {]h¿Øn®p \c-I-Øn¬ {]th-in-
°p-hm≥ CS-hc
- msX F¥p-sIm≠v Fs∂ sNdp-∏Ø
- n¬ \o acn-∏n-®n√?: CXn\v
A√mlp F¥v adp-]Sn ]dbpw?
adp-]-Sn-bp-≠m-bn-√. CXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v Aiv-Aco (d) Kpcp-hns\

hnt´®p t]mbn. ]n∂oSv At±lw {ItaW Alvep p-∂-Ønse t\Xm-hmbn-
Øo-cp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂

bp‡n-c-l-ky-ßƒ
CsX-√m-am-bn-cp-∂m-epw, DØ-cw-In-´mØ Nne kwi-b-ßƒ Nne-cn¬
Ah-ti-jn-°p-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. Hmtcm Bsf-°p-dn®pw Abmƒ \√-ht\m
NoØ-s∏-´-ht\m F∂pw, `mKy-hmt\m `mKyw sI´-ht\m F∂pw, Abmƒ
Abm-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ Fs¥√mw {]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂pw a‰p-ap≈ hnhcw
A√m-lp-hn\v kq£va-ambn Adn-bm-a-t√m. F∂n-cn-s°, ]ns∂ F¥n-\mWv
a\p-jy≥ hn[n-hn-e-°p-I-fm¬ imkn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv? ZpjvI¿Ωn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-
sa-∂-dn-bm-hp-∂-hsc krjvSn-°p-∂Xv F¥n-\mWv? a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ B{K-
l-Ønepw Dt±-iyØnepw {]hr-Øn-bn-ep-sa√mw F{X-Xs∂ sX‰p-Im-c-\m-bn-
cp-∂mepw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn-®pw, Ah≥ a\p-jy\v \¬Inb Ign-
hp-sIm-≠p-am-Wt√m a\p-jy\v sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-
Xv. F∂n-cn-s°, Ah-bpsS Ip‰hpw in£bpw a\p-jys‚ ta¬ Npa-Ømtam?
CXymZn kwi- b - ß ƒ Nne¿s°√mw tXm∂n- t b- ° mw. aX- a q- e y- ß fn¬
hnizmkw Ipd-™-h-cn-em-bn-cn°pw CXv IqSp-X¬ ImWp-I. Ah-cn¬\n∂v
Nne-t∏mƒ {]Xy-£Ø - n¬Xs∂ CØcw tNmZy-ßƒ tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvtX-
4855
°pw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬, CØcw hnj-b-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn∂v am{Xw Adn-bm-
hp∂ cl-ky-ß-f-s{X.Iô≤ÑdG-AÉ°TÉÃ ’EG ¬ª∏Y øe Å«°ûH ¿ƒ£«ëj ’h º¡Ø∏N Éeh º¡j~jCG ÚH Ée º∏©j (A-
h-cpsS apºn-ep-≈Xpw ]nºn-ep-≈Xpw Ah≥ Adnbpw. Ahs‚ Adn-
hn¬\n∂pw Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®-√msX bmsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®pw
Ah¿°v icn-°-dn-bp-I-bp-an-√. (A¬_-Iz-dx)hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CXn-se√mw AS-
ßnb cl-ky-ßƒ a\pjy _p≤n°v Cu temI-Øp-sh®v Is≠-Øp-hm≥
km≤y-a√ Xs∂.
`qan-bn¬ a\p-jy-h¿K-am-Ip∂ Hcp Jeo^xsb G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

t]mIp∂ hnhcw A√mlp ae-°p-I-tfmSv ]d-™-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p:˛
Iô≤ÑdG-ïdG AÉe~dG ∂Ø°ùjh É¡«a ~°ùØj øe É¡«a π©ŒG (A-Xn¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-I-bpw, c‡w
Nn¥p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc AXn¬ B°p-I-bmtWm .................?!) CXn\v
A√mlp \¬Inb adp-]Sn Iô≤ÑdG-¿ƒª∏©J ’Ée º∏YCG ÊEG (\n-›-b-ambpw Rm≥,
\nßƒ°-dn-bm-ØXv Adn-bp-∂p) F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jy-h¿Kw Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-
°p-Ibpw c‡w Nn¥p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bn-s√∂v A√mlp ]d-™n-√, ae-°p-
Iƒ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se, F°m-eØpw `qan-bn¬ Ipg-∏hpw c‡w
Nn¥epw \S-am-Sp-∂p-ap-≠v. At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚ adp-]-Sn-bpsS kmcw, a\p-
jy-cn¬ Aßs\ Nne tZmj-hi - ß- ƒ D≈-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs
- ∂, \nßƒ°v Adn-
bm≥ Ign-bmØ bp‡n-c-l-ky-ßƒ a\p-jysc krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Rm≥
I≠p-sh-®n-´p≠v F∂m-W-t√m. CXc krjvSn-Iƒ°n-√mØ ]e KpW-ßfpw
t{ijvT-X-Ifpw a\p-jy-\p-≈-Xmbn Izp¿-B-\n¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠-
¶nepw AtX ka-bØv \µn-sI-´-h≥ (QƒØc) A£-a≥ (´hõL) A{I-a-Imcn
(Ωƒ∏X) hnUvVn (∫ƒ¡L) F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Ahs‚ tZmj {]Ir-Xnbpw AXv
Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
At∏mƒ a\p-jy-h¿K-Øn¬ KpWw am{X-ta-bp≈q F∂ \ne-°√
A√mlp B h¿KsØ krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m a\p-jy\pw Htc Xc-Øn-ep-
≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ \ne-°pa√ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-Xs∂ ]d-
bp-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv:
]119^118:Oƒ¡dG[
(\ns‚ d∫v Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah≥ a\p-jysc Htc Hcp kap-
Zm-b-am-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-°m-cm-bn-s°mt≠ Ccn-°pw˛ \ns‚
d∫v IcpW sNbvX-h¿ Hgn-sI. AXn-\p-th≠n Xs∂-bmWv Ahsc Ah≥
krjvSn-®-Xpw. Pn∂p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw, Rm≥ \n›-b-ambpw
\c-IsØ \nd°pw F∂v \ns‚ d∫ns‚ hm°v ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (lq-
4856
Zv.) a\p-jy-h¿Kw \∑bpw Xn∑bpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ hyXykvX \ne-]m-Sp-Im-
cmb Hcp h¿K-ambnØo-cp-hm-\mWv A√mlp BZyta Dt±-in-®n-´p-≈X - v. AYhm
a\p-jys‚ PohnXw Hcp ]co-£-W-am-Wv. hnP-bn°v kΩm-\hpw ]cm-Pn-X\v
A]-am-\hpw e`n-°p-am-dp≈ ]co-£-Ww. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ahsc A√mlp
ae-°p-I-sf-t∏m-ep≈ kap-Zm-b-am-°mXn-cp-∂-Xpw. kqd-Øv˛ dAvZn¬ A√mlp
tNmZn-°p-∂Xv t\m°pI: "F∂m¬ hniz-kn-®-h¿°v Xo¿®-bmbn Adn-™p-
Iq-tS, A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ a\p-jysc apgp-h\pw Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-
Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v?!')31:~YôdG -É©«ªL ¢SÉædG i~¡d ¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ƒd ¿G GƒæeG øjòdG ¢SCÉ«j º∏aCG
ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p: \ns‚ d∫v Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ `qan-bn¬ D≈-h-sc√mw
hniz-kn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.' (99:¢ùfƒj - É©«ªL º¡∏c ¢VQC’G ‘ øe øe’ ∂HQ AÉ°T ƒdh)
F√m-hcpw t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ am{Xw Ncn-°p-am-dp≈ Hcp {]IrXn a\p-

jy-cn¬ F¥p-sIm≠v A√mlp \¬In-bn√ F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v a\p-jy-\v A-
h-Im-ita C√. AXv [n°m-chpw AXn¿Øn-ew-L-\-hp-am-Wv. ae-°p-Iƒ ]d-
™-Xp-t]mse \ap°v ]d-bmw. º«µ◊G º«∏©dG âfCG ∂fEG Éæàª∏Y Ée ’EG Éæd º∏Y ’ ∂fÉëÑ°S (\o
alm ]cn-ip-≤≥! \o Rßƒ°v ]Tn-∏n®p X∂-X-√msX Rßƒ°v Adn-hn-
√. \n›-b-am-bpw, \o Xs∂-bmWv {]Xm-]-im-enbpw bp‡n-am-\pw.) Ahs‚
A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ Ahs‚ bp‡n-°-\p-k-cn®v F√m Imcyhpw Ah≥ \S-Øpw.
(~jôj Ée ºµëjh AÉ°ûj Ée π©Øj)
IzZvdns\ kw_-‘n®v ta¬ kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ kwi-b-ß-

fp-sSbpw tXm∂-ep-I-fp-sSbpw ÿnXnbpw CXv Xs∂. DØcw In´m-sX˛ A√,
a\p-jy\v Adn-bp-hm≥ km[y-a-√m-Ø˛ A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp-∂˛
Imcy-ß-fm-W-h. DØcw In´m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v h√ t]mcm-bvatbm ]cm-P-btam
\ap-°n-√-Xm-\pw. Hcp ]t£, Cu ùXn-I-amb ad-Iƒ \Ωn¬\n∂v \oßn-°-
gn-bp-tºmƒ CØcw cl-ky-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Ipsd-sb√mw \ap°v Adn-bp-hm≥
Ign-s™-∂p-hcmw º∏YCG ¬∏dG.IzZvdn¬ AS-ßnb clkyw ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v Adn-
bp-hm≥ Ign-t™-°p-sa∂v Nne alm≥am¿ {]kvXm-hn-®Xv \mw apI-fn¬
hmbn-®p-h-t√m. Nne Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw GXm≠v Aßs\ Duln-
°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬ A{I-a-Im-cn-I-fpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ hnh-
cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: 48:ôeõdG-¿ƒÑ°ùàëj Gƒfƒµj ⁄ Ée ¬∏dG øe º¡d G~Hh(A-h¿
IW-°m-°n-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√m-ØXv Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v shfn-hm-
Ip-Ibpw sNøpw.) ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Zn-hkw Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv C{]-Imcw ]d-b-
s∏Spw: 22:¥-~j~M Ωƒ«dG ∑ô°üÑa ∂FÉ£Y ∂æY ÉæØ°ûµa Gòg øe á∏ØZ ‘ âæc ~≤d (Xo¿®-bmbpw
CXn-s\-∏‰n \o A{i-≤-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ \n∂n¬\n∂v \ns‚ aqSn \mw
\o°n. AXn-\m¬, C∂v \ns‚ ImgvN aq¿®-tb-dn-b-Xm-Wv.) as‰mcp ÿeØv
]d-bp∂p: 25:QƒædG-ÚÑŸG ≥◊G ƒg ¬∏dG ¿CG ¿ƒª∏©jh ≥◊G º¡æjO ¬∏dG º¡«aƒj ~Äeƒj (A-∂sØ Znh-
4857
kw, Ah-cpsS \ymb-amb {]Xn-êw A√mlp Ah¿°v \nd-th-‰n-s°m-Sp-
°pw. A√m-lp-X-s∂-bmWv \ymb-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-s\∂v Ah≥ Adn-
bp-Ibpw sNøpw.)
Npcp-°-Øn¬˛ A√mam ^coZvhPvZo {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se˛ A√m-

lp-hns‚ krjvSn kwlm-cß - f
- n-epw, `c-Wh
- y-hÿ
- I
- f
- nepw AS-ßnb At\Iw
bp‡n-c-l-ky-ß-fn¬ H∂p-am-{X-amWv "IzZzm-IzZvdn's‚ cl-ky-hpw. AXn-s\-
∏‰n ssZh-Zq-X-∑m-cmb \_n-am¿t°m t{ijvT-cmb ae-°p-Iƒt°m B¿°pw-
Xs∂ Adn-™p-Iq-Sm, A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂ Hcp cl-ky-as{X
AXv. CXmWv bYm¿∞w. (¿Éaô©dG IƒØ°U) IzZvdns‚ F√m-h-i-ßfpw AXn-e-S-
ßnb cl-ky-ßfpw bp‡n-\ym-b-ßfpw kkq£vaw a\- n-em-°pI {]bm-
k-am-b-Xv- sIm≠pw, AXn¬ apgp-Ip-∂-]£w Ic-Im-WmØ Ipg-∏-ßƒ°v
Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv -sIm≠pw Xs∂-bmWv B hnj-b-Øn¬ X¿°n-°p-
∂-Xpw, hnhmZw \S-Øp-∂Xpw lZo-Yn¬ hntcm-[n-°-s∏-´p-Im-Wp-∂-Xv.
bp‡n-bpsS t]cn¬
_p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw hfsc hne-I¬]n-°p∂ aX-as{X Ckvemw.
CXn¬ B¿°pw X¿°-an-√. ]t£, a\p-jy-_p≤n ]cn-]q¿Wtam, F√m-
h¿°pw Xpey-ambn \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≈tXm A√. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpsS _p≤n-bn¬
tXm∂p-∂-Xpw, Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw bp‡-am-bn-°m-Wp-∂Xpw Ckvemw AwKo-I-
cn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa-t∂m, AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn CkvemanI {]am-W-ß-fn¬ H∂pw
D≠m-bn-°qSm Ft∂m C√. aX-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fn¬, thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fp-sS-bpw, {]hm-
N-I≥am-cp-sSbpw {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°mWv ap≥K-W-\-bp-≈-Xv. Ahsb ASn-
ÿm-\a - m°n Nn¥n-°p-hm-\pw, AXXv kn≤m-¥ß- f- n-eS- ß
- nb bp‡n-XX- z-ßƒ
Ign-bp-∂{X a\- n-em-°p-hm-\pw, Aßs\ hnizm-khpw {]h¿Ø-\hpw \∂m-
°n-Øo¿°p-hm-\p-amWv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {ian-t°-≠-Xv. AX-h-cpsS IS-a-
bp-am-Ip-∂p. adn®v Ah-bpsS km[p-X-bpw, km[y-Xbpw tNmZyw-sN-øm\pw
_p≤n-bpsS hn[n°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm\pw apXn-cp-I-b√ th≠-Xv. CXv hnizm-
k-°p-d-hn¬\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-°p∂ [n°m-c-a-s{X. Imcy-ßƒ {Kln-°p-hm≥
a\p-jy\v _mtly-{µn-b-ßƒ \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se, A√mlp Ah-\v
\¬Inb B¥-tc-{µn-b-amWv hnti-j-_p-≤n. B _p≤n°v tbmPn-®Xpw \√-
Xmbn tXm∂p-∂-Xp-amWv bp‡n F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcm-fpsS _p≤n-i-‡n,
Adn-hv, hnizm-kw, ]cn-N-bw, ho£-Ww, hnImcw apX-em-b-h-bpsS tXmX-\p-
k-cn-®pw, Abm-fpsS Bi-bw, Xm¬]-cyw, ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS
\ne-b\ - p-kc
- n®pw Ahs‚ bp‡n-hn-Nm-cß- fn¬ am‰-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXv sIm-
≠mWv Hcmƒ°v bp‡-sa∂v tXm∂n-bXv as‰m-cmƒ°v ]e-t∏mgpw bp‡-
4858
ambn tXm∂m-Ø-Xpw, Hcp P\-X°v bp‡-ambn tXm∂n-bn-cp∂ Hcp Imcyw
as‰mcp P\X bp‡n-lo-\-ambn KWn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xpw. Nn¥m-io-e-cmb _p≤n-a-
Xn-Ifpw ]WvUn-X-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ imkv{Xob XXz-kn-≤m-¥-ß-
fn¬t]mepw `n∂m-`n-{]mbw ImWp-∂Xpw CXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-Wv.
Adn-™n-St- Øm-fa - p≈ Imcy-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\a - m°n Nn¥n-°p-hmt\

a\p-jys‚ _p≤n°v Ign-bp-Ib - p-≈q. a\p-jys‚ Adn-hm-sW-¶n¬ ]cnan-Xhpw
AGô°SE’G-Ó«∏b ’EG º∏©dG øe ºà«JhCG Éeh (A-dn-hn¬\n∂pw \nßƒ°v A¬]-a-√msX \¬I-
s∏- ´ n- ´ n- √ .) ad- ™ - I mcyw Adn- b p- h m- \ m- I - s ´, a\p- j y\v Ign- t h- b n- √ ,
25:πªædG -¬∏dG ’EG Ö«¨dG ¢VQ’Gh äGhÉª°ùdG ‘ øe º∏©j ’ πb (]-d-bpI: BImiß-fnepw `qan-
bn-ep-ap≈-h¿ AZr-iy-hn-hcw Adn-bp-∂-X-√˛ A√m-lp-h-√m-sX.) a\p-jys‚
ùXnI Pohn-X-Øn\v Bh-iy-amb am¿K-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hm\pw \S-∏n¬
hcp-Øp-hm-\p-ap≈ Adnhv s]mXp-hn¬ A√mlp Ah\v sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v.
F∂m¬, Ahs‚ `mhn-Po-hn-X-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb (a-X-]-c-am-b) \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ß-
fpsS Imcyw Ahs\ G¬]n-°m-sX, A√mlp Ah-s‚ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ aptJ-
\bpw {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ aptJ-\bpw A°mcyw \n¿∆-ln-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.
BI-bm¬, aX-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ thZ-{K-Ÿhpw {]hm-N-I\pw {]Jym-]n-°p∂
GsXmcp hnj-bØ - nepw a\p-jy\v a\p-jy-t‚-Xmb as‰m-c`- n-{]m-bØ - n\v ÿm\-
an-√. 36:ÜGõMC’G-ºgôeCG øe IÒÿG º¡d ¿ƒµj ¿CG GôeG ¬dƒ°SQh ¬∏dG ≈° b GPEG áæeDƒD e’h øeDƒŸ ¿Éc Éeh (Hcp
kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb ]pcp-j-∂m-I-s´, kv{Xo°m-I-s´, A√m-lphpw Ahs‚
dkqepw Hcp Imcyw Xocp-am-\n-®m¬ Xß-fpsS ImcysØ kw_-‘n-®p (a-
s‰mcp) A`n-{]mbw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√.)
_p≤nbpw aX-{]-am-Whpw XΩn¬ FXn-cm-bm¬ _p≤n°v ap≥K-W\

\¬IWw (π≤©dG Ω~b π≤©dGh π≤ædG ¢VQÉ©J GPEG) F∂v Hcp s]mXp-N´w ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.
{]Y-a-ho-£-W-Øn¬ icn-bm-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂-Xpw, bp‡n-hm-Z-°m¿°v Izp¿-
B-s\-°mƒ Bth-i-I-c-ambn tXm∂p-∂-Xp-amb Cu N´-Øns‚ km£m¬
Ah-Xm-c-I-∑m¿, X¿°-im-kv{X-Øn¬°qSn aX-kn-≤m-¥-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-
h-cp∂ X¬]-c-I-£n-I-fm-Ip-∂p. CXns\ tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm≠v Camw
C_v\p ssXanøx (d) π≤ædGh π≤©dG (_p-≤nbpw {]am-W-hpw) F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp
{KŸw Xs∂ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Camw C_v\p¬ Izønapw (d) CtX Bh-iy-Øn-
\mbn hfsc Xmfp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ccp-]-Ø©v Imc-W-ßƒ kbp-
‡nIw \nc-Øn-sh-®p-sIm≠v á∏£©ŸGh á«ª¡÷G ≈∏Y á∏°SôŸG ≥FGƒ°üdG ('P-l-an-ø-Øv,' "apA-
Øzn-eØv' F∂o I£n-If - psS ta¬ Agn-®p-hn-Ss - ∏´ CSn-Øo-Iƒ) F∂ {KŸ-
Øn¬ Cu N´sØ At±lw JWvUn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-bpsS Npcp-°w-t]mepw
ChnsS D≤-cn-°p-hm≥ kuI-cy-an-√. 12 ˛masØ Imc-Wa - mbn At±lw {]kvXm-
hn-®-Xn¬ Npcp°w Nne-h-cn-Iƒ ChnsS kw{K-ln°mw:˛
4859
"_p≤n-am≥am¿°nSbn¬ `n∂n-∏n-√m-Ø-Xpw, _p≤n-bpsS hy‡-amb

hn[n-bm-bn-´p-≈-Xp-amb Hcp Imcy-Øn\v aXw (Ckvemw) FXn-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-
bn√ Xs∂. _p≤n-am≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ `n∂n-∏p≈ {][m\ hnj-b-ß-sf-∏‰n
Btem-Nn®p t\m°n-bm¬, Ah-bn¬ aX-Øns‚ hy‡hpw {]_-e-hp-amb
e£y-ßƒ°v FXn-cmb `mK-ß-f-{Xbpw tIhew \nc¿∞hpw Dul-hp-am-bn-
cn-°p-sa∂v _p≤n-°p-Xs∂ Imäm≥ Ign-bpw. Nnet∏mƒ A`n-{]m-b-ß-fpsS
hn]-co-X-am-bn-cn°pw icn F∂v hcpw. XuloZv kw_-‘-amb hnj-b-ßƒ,
A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-hn-ti-jß - ƒ, IzZvd
- ns‚ hnj-bß
- ƒ, {]hm-NI
- X
- z-sØbpw
ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-sØbpw kw_-‘n® Imcy-ßƒ F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Btem-
Nn®p t\m°p-I. _p≤n-bpsS hy‡-amb hn[n-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn bmsXm-cp aX-
{]-am-Whpw Ah-bn-en-√. h√Xpw Ds≠∂v ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-]-£w, AXv ASn-
ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-b-tXm, As√-¶n¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ _p≤n°v hncp-≤-am-ImØ
Bibw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂tXm am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. _p≤n Akw-`-hy-ambn (kw-`-
hn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn)-°m-Wp∂ bmsXm-∂pw, ssZh-Zq-X≥am¿
Adn-bn-®n-ń√ F∂v \ap°v Xo¿Øp-]-d-bmw. ]t£, _p≤n kw`-hy-ambn (kw-
`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\v km[y-X-bp-≈-Xm-bn)-°m-Wp∂ ]eXpw Ah¿ Adn-bn-®n-´p-ap-
≠v. ( á∏°SôŸG ≥FGƒ°üdG)
IzZvdns\ NqjWw sNøp-∂-h-cpw,

sX‰n-≤-cn-®-hcpw
IzZvdn¬ hniz-kn-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ D≠m-bn-´p≈ Nne tZmj-ß-sf-
°p-dn®pw c≠v hm°v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-cn¬ c≠p-Xcw Bƒ°msc
ImWmw. (1) A√mlp Dt±-in-®Xpw hn[n-®Xpw kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√, \mw
H∂pw {]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬t]mepw \ap°v hn[n-®Xv \ap°v FØn-t®cpw
F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hnNm-c-°m¿. A‘-X-bn¬\n∂pw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-bn¬\n∂pw
Df-hmb Cu hnNmcw Ahsc sFln-I-hpw, ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb Xocm-\-jvS-ß-
fn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. A√mlp IW-°m-°n-bXv F¥m-sW∂v a\p-jy\v
ap≥Iqń Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AX-\p-k-cn®v a\p-jy\v Ahs‚ Hmtcm
Imcy-Øn\pw ]cn-]mSn CSm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Hmtcm Imcyhpw A\p-`-h-
Øn¬ h∂-√msX AXn-s\-∏‰n Ah\v H∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-S-t√m. am{X-a-√,
Hmtcm kwK-Xn-bnepw Ah≥ C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-amWv {]h¿Ønt°-≠-sX-∂p≈
Hcp Xpd∂ ]cn-]mSn A√mlp Ahs‚ apºn¬sh®v sImSp-Øn-´p-≠p-Xm-\pw.
AX-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-amb kml-N-cy-ßfpw Ignhpw A√mlp
4860
\¬In-bn-´p-ap-≠v. AXv {]Imcw Pohn-°p-Itb a\p-jy≥ th≠-Xp-≈q. Xs‚

c£-°mbn Ah\v e`n-®n-´p≈ Ignhpw kml-N-cyhpw Ah≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-
Ø¬ Ah\v \n¿_-‘-am-Wv-Xm-\pw. AXn¬ Ahs‚ ]°¬h∂ hogvN-I-
sf-∏‰n Ah≥ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.
IzZv-dns‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jy≥ Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠p-∂-Xpw, {]h¿Ø-\-

Øn¬ hcp-tØ-≠-Xp-amb Imcyw shdpw cs≠-Æ-am-Wp-≈-sX∂v kq: lZo-
Znse \mw apI-fn¬ D≤-cn® Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.,
(1) h√ Imcyhpw km[n®p In´msX hcp-tºmƒ AXv A√m-lp-hns‚
hn[n-bm-sW∂v kam-[m-\n-®p-sIm≠v A£a ImWn-°m-sXbpw k¶-S-s∏-Sm-
sXbpw Ccn-°p-I. (ºµJÉa Ée ≈∏Y Gƒ°SCÉJ Ó«µd) c≠m-a-tØXv: km[n-®p-In-ń-b-Xns‚
t]cn¬ Al-¶-cn-°p-Itbm BÀm-Zn-°p-Itbm sNømsX A√mlp \¬Inb
A\p-{K-l-am-sW∂v IcpXn \µn ImWn-°p-I. (ºcÉJG ÉÃ GƒMôØJ ’h) Ch-bm-W-Xv.
CX-√msX IzZv-dns\ Bkv]-Z-am°n a\p-jy≥ Fs¥-¶nepw {]h¿Øn-t°-
≠-Xp-s≠∂v A√mlp \ap°v ]d-™p-X-∂n-ń-√.
(2) a\x-]q¿∆w sNbvXp-I-gn™ Ip‰-ßsf ]n∂oSv IzZv-dns‚ t]cn¬

\ymbo-Ic- n-°p-Ib
- pw, AXv hgn Xß-fpsS \nc-]c
- m-[nXzw ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ {ian-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿. a°m apivcn°p-Iƒ Xß-fpsS in¿°n-s\-bpw, a‰v Nne
sX‰p-I-sfbpw IzZvdns‚ t]cn¬ \ymbo-I-cn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n A√mlp Bt£-]n-
®Xv kq: A≥-B-an¬ \n∂pw a‰pw taep-≤-cn® Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \mw
hmbn-®p-h-t√m. CØ-c-°m-sc-°p-dn®v A√mam ^coZp hPvZn {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-
≈Xv hfsc hmkvX-hw. {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS Npcp°w CXmWv: "a\p-jys‚
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw ssIIm-cy-ß-fn-ep-sa√mw Xs∂, Ahs‚ Nn¥°pw Adn-
hn\pw A\p-tbm-Py-amb Nne Imcy-Im-c-W-_-‘-ßƒ A\p-k-cn®v \ne-sIm-
≈p-∂-h-\mWv Ah≥ F∂Xv B¿°pw A⁄m-X-a-√. Ah≥ \S-∂m¬,
"Rm≥ \S∂p' F∂pw, `£Ww Ign-®m¬ "Rm≥ `£Ww Ign®p'sh∂pw,
{]h¿Øn-®m¬ "Rm≥ {]h¿Øn®p' F∂pw Ah≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Ahs‚ Cf-
°hpw AS-°-hp-sa√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ Iøn-em-sW∂v Adn-bp-∂-tXm-sSm-∏w-
X-s∂, Xm≥ sNøp-∂-sX√mw Xs‚ kz¥w {]hr-Øn-I-fmbn Xt∂mSv _‘n-
∏n®p ]d-bp-hm≥ {]Ir-Xym-Xs∂ Ah≥ kzbw t{]cn-X-\p-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-
s°, Ah≥ h√ Ipg-∏hpw {]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ, Cu temI-hp-ambn Ahs\
_‘n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-amb B Imcy-Im-c-W-ß-sf√mw
Ah≥ ad-∂p-I-f-bp-I-bpw, AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ IzZzm-sIm≠v Aßs\ h∂p-
t]m-b-Xm-sW∂v ]d-s™m-gn-bp-hm≥ [m¿jvTyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
CXv Ahs‚ _p≤n-sb-Øs∂ Ah≥ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bt√?!'
4861
At±lw XpS-cp∂p: "Pohn-X-am¿K-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ ]°¬h∂ hogvN-

\n-anØw kw`-hn® tZmj-ß-fn¬ hn[nsb Bt£-]n®v Xs‚ Ip‰w Hgn-hm-
°p-hm-\pw, AtX ka-bØv kz¥w Imcy-Øn¬ as‰m-cm-fpsS ]°¬\n∂v
h∂p-t]mb ]mI-∏n-g-hns\ Atß-A‰w A[n-t£-]n-°p-hm\pw apXn-cp-∂-h≥,
a‰p-≈-h-cp-sS-ta¬ ]gn Nmcp∂ B sX‰p-Isf F¥p-sIm≠v Xs‚-ta¬ Nmcp-
∂n√?! X\n°v hn[n-bpsS Hgn-I-gn-hv Im-Wp∂ Ah≥ F¥p-sIm≠v a‰p-≈-
h¿°v B Hgn-I-gnhv ImWp-∂n√?! IzZzm-IzZv-dns‚ t]cn¬ Xs‚ Ip‰-ßsf
\ymbo-I-cn-°p∂ a\p-jy≥, as‰m-cmƒ Ahs\ ASn-®m¬ B ASn-®-h\pw
B Hgn-I-gnhv hI-sh®v sImSp-°p-I-bmtWm sNøpI? AX-√, Xs‚ B XXz-
imkv{Xw ad-∂p-sIm≠v Xs∂ ASn-®-h\v am∏n-\p-t]mepw A¿l-X-bn-√m-Ø-
hÆw Ah≥ ]cn-]q¿W C—m-kzm-X-{¥yhpw \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-Xbpw Df-f-h-\m-
sW∂ \bw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bmtWm sNøpI?! \mw ImWm-dp-≈-Xm-Wv˛ ]ecpw
ImWm-dp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw˛ kz¥w Imcy-Øn¬ ssZh-hn-[n-bpsS \ymbw IqSp-
X¬ ]d-bp-∂-h¿, a‰p-≈-hsc Xcw-Xm-gvØn-°m-´p-∂-Xn¬ IqSp-X¬ I¿i-\-
°m-cp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw.' (¿Éaô©dG IƒØ°U øe)
c≠v Btcm-]-W-ßƒ
IzZvdns‚ \ntj-[n-Iƒ AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-hm-\p≈ Imc-W-ß-fpw,
\ntj-[sØ ÿm]n-°p-hm-\p≈ \ymb-ßfpw ]eXpw \mw I≠p. F\n,
apkvenwIƒ IzZvdn¬ hniz-kn®v hcp-∂X
- va- qew Ah-cn¬ D≠m-bn-Øo¿∂Xmbn
\ntj-[n-Iƒ Btcm-]n-°p∂ c≠v Btcm-]-W-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv A¬]w ]cm-
a¿in°p-hm-\p-≈-Xv. "apkvenwIƒ IzZvdn-ep≈ hnizmkw Xe-bn¬ Ib‰n Ccn-
°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]e \mi-ßfpw D≠v. Ah¿s°m-cn-°epw a\- -am-[m-\-an-
√. Bfl-hn-izm-khpw C√.' CXmWv H∂v. "Ah-cpsS aXw bp‡n-lo-\-am-
sW∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-™m¬ AXn\v DØcw ]d-bp-hm-\n-√. aX-ssh-cn-
Iƒ°v aXsØ hna¿in-°p-hm≥ AsXmcp Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.' CXmWv
as‰m-∂v.
apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v a\- -am-[m-\hpw Bfl-hn-izmkhpw C∂v

hf-sc-b-[nIw \jvS-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂ tJZ-I-c-amb ]c-am¿∞w \ntj-[n-°m≥
hø. ]t£, AXn-\p≈ ImcWw IzZvdn-ep≈ hnizm-k-a-√. t\sc-a-dn®v IzZv¿
AS-°-ap≈ CkvemanI kn≤m-¥-ßƒ ]e-Xn¬\n∂pw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v
_m[n® AI¬®-bpw, kap-Zmbw aX-in-£-W-ß-fpsS AXn-cp-h-cºv ewLn-
®-Xp-amWv Imc-Ww. ]ucm-WnI apkvenwIƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Bfl-hn-izm-k-
Øn\pw t\´-ßƒ°pw {]Xm-]-Øn-\p-sa√mw Hcp {][m\ ImcWw IzZvdn-ep≈
4862
Ah-cpsS Dd-®-hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenwIsf A[x-]-Xn-∏n-®Xv IzZvdn-

ep≈ hnizm-khpw AXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰v Nne hnizm-k-hp-am-sW∂ Ip{]-N-c-
W-Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv Ckveman-s‚-t]-cn¬ apX-e-°-Æo-scm-
gp-°m-dp≈ bqtdm-]y≥ Hmdn-b‚-en-Ãp-I-fpw, Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-am-Ip-
∂p. icn-bmw-hÆw IzZvdn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ae-k-X-bpw, òcp-Xzhpw
D≠m-Ip-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿t° AXn-\-h-Im-i-ap-≈q. Cu
hnj-b-I-ambn A√mam Pam-ep-±o≥ A^vKm-\n-bpsS {]kvXm-h-\bpw A`n-
{]m-bhpw \mw apI-fn¬ D≤-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. AXp-X-s∂-bmWv \ap°pw ]d-
bp-hm-\p-≈-Xv.
ta¬ hnh-cn® {]Im-c-ap≈ IzZvdn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ kzm`m-hn-I-

ambpw H∂p-In¬ "P_vcnø-Øn-' s‚, As√-¶n¬ "IzZvcnø-Øn's‚ hmZw A\p-
Iq-en-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-hmt\ hgn-bp-≈q. (*) c≠n¬ GXmbm-epw icn, AXm-
bn-cn°pw IqSp-X¬ \mi-tl-Xp-hm-bn-cn-°p-I. Imc-Ww, P_vcnø-Øns‚ A`n-
{]m-b-{]-Imcw A√mlp IW-°m-°nb Imcy-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv IÆ-S®v
ImØn-cn-°p-I-b-√m-sX, Xß-fpsS \∑t°m hnP-b-Ønt\m th≠n Ah¿
H∂pw {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xm-bn-ń-√. a\p-jy\v bmsXm-cp-hn[ Ignhpw C—m-kzm-
X-{¥yhpw Cs√-∂m-Wt√m Ah-cpsS ]£w. IzZvcnø-Øns‚ A`n-{]m-b-{]-
Im-cw, Ah-cpsS F√m \∑°pw hnP-b-Øn\pw Xß-fpsS kz¥w ]cn-{i-a-ß-
sf-bpw Bkq-{X-W-ß-sf-bp-a-√m-sX, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iytam klm-btam
Ah¿°v {]Xo£n°p-hm-\n-√. am{X-a-√, A√m-lp-hns‚ k¿∆m-[n-]-Xy-sØ-
bpw, k¿∆-⁄X - sb-bpw, ]tcm-£Ø - n¬ Ah¿ tNmZyw sNbvtX-°pw. kz¥w
Ign-hnepw Adn-hnepw Ah¿ h©n-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬
]d-™m¬, a\p-jys\ Af-°p∂ AtX am\-Z-WvUw-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn-
s\bpw Af-°p-I-bm-W-h¿ sNøp-∂-Xv. AsX, √Q~b ≥M ¬∏dG GhQ~b Éeh(A-√m-lp-
hns\ IW-°m-t°-≠-{]-Imcw Ah¿ Ahs\ IW-°m-°n-bn-√). IzZvdn¬
icn°v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-I-s´, Xß-fpsS F√m Imcyhpw A√m-lp-hns‚
Dt±-iyhpw {]h¿Ø-\hpw A\p-k-cn-®mWv \S-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah¿°v t_m[y-
ap-≈-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Ø-s∂, Xß-fpsS \∑°pw hnP-b-Øn\pw A√mlp \n¿t±-
in-®p-sIm-SpØ am¿K-ßsf ]c-am-h[n D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw
sNøp- ∂ p. Xß- f psS Hmtcm Ne- \ - Ø n- s ‚bpw êw Ah¿ A√m- l p-
hn¬\n∂pw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. Cu aq∂v Xc-°mcn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-
bhpw s]mcp-Øhpw e`n-°p-hm-\pw, {]Xo-£n-°p-hm\pw IqSp-X¬ A¿lX
B¿°m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-I.
(*) Cu c≠v I£n-I-fp-sSbpw hnizm-k-sØ-∏‰n apºv {]kvXm-

hn-®n-´p-≠v.
4863
A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
(Xs∂ Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw A√mlp klm-bn-°p-∂-tX-b√

F∂v Bsc-¶nepw hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ D]-cn-`m-K-tØ°v Ah≥ Hcp
Ib¿\o-ń-s°ń sIm≈-s´. ]n∂oSv (I-gp-Øp-Ip-Sp-°n) apdn-®p-sIm-≈p-Ibpw
sNø-s´. F∂n´v Ahs‚ X{¥w (A-h-s\) t¢in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xns\
\o°n-°-f-bptam F∂v Ah≥ t\m°n-s°m-≈s´! (kq: l÷v: 15) .
(\n-›-b-am-bpw, Xßƒ°v h∂p-In-ń-bn-´p≈ bmsXmcp A[n-Ir-X-

e-£yhpw IqSmsX A√m-lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ X¿°w \S-Øp-∂-h-cpsS
lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Alw-`m-h-a-√msX as‰m-∂p-an-√. Ah¿ AXn\v (X-°-h-Æw)
FØn-b-h-c√. AXp-sIm≠v \o A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw tXSn-s°m-≈p-I. \n›-
b-ambpw Ah-\s{X tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw ImWp-∂-h-\pw. (40: 56) C{Xbpw ]d-
™Xv H∂m-asØ Btcm-]-WsØ∏‰n-bm-Wv.
c≠m-asØ Btcm-]-W-sØ-∏‰n \ap°v ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv CXmWv:

A√m-lp-hns‚ A]m-c-amb Ignhpw k¿∆-⁄-X, k¿∆m-[n-Im-cw, bp‡n-
⁄m\w apX-emb al¬Kp-W-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I-bpw, Ah-sb-∏‰n hnip≤
Izp¿-B-\nepw \_n-h-N-\-ß-fnepw h∂n-´p≈ hy‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-Isf
\ncp-]m-[nIw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw IzZzm-
IzZv-dns‚ hnizm-k-Øn¬ bp‡n-lo-\-ambn bmsXm∂pw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n-√.
A{X-bp-a-√, _p≤n-]-c-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ AXv XnI®pw bp‡-hpw, A\n-
hm-cyhpw IqSn-bm-Wv. sXfn-hp-Iƒ t\m°p-tºm-gm-I-s´, B hnizmkw Hcp
auen-I-amb IS-a-bp-am-Wv. IzZzm-IzZv-dn¬ AS-ßnb bp‡n-c-l-ky-sØ-∏‰n
X¿°-im-kv{X-]-c-amb \ymb-ßƒ \nc-Øn-°mń FXn-cm-fnsb DØ-cw-ap-ń®v
kΩ-Xn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-s‚-t]-cn¬ AXn¬ bp‡n-cm-lnXyw ImWp-
∂-h¿, A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n°v \nc-°m-Ø-hÆw Ahs‚ al¬Kp-
W-ß-sfbpw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sØbpw IpSp- m-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. CX-h¿
Hm¿°p-∂n-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lw-sIm≠v \ap°v Cu KXn-tISv G¿s∏-
Sp-∂n-√. kz¥w bp‡n-\ym-b-ß-tfmSv tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm≥th≠n {]Xy-£-amb
sXfn-hp-Isf Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøpI-tbm, X≈n-°-f-bp-Itbm sNtø≠ KXn-
tISpw \ap-°n-√.
Ckvemans‚ sshcn-Isf kw_-‘n®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬˛ Ah¿
aX-hm-Zn-Itfm bp‡n-hm-Zn-Itfm Bbn-s°m-≈-s´˛ IzZzmIzZvdns‚ hnj-b-
4864
Øn¬ am{X-a√ Ah¿°v Bt£-]-ap-≈-Xv. Ckvemanse hnizm-k-]-chpw
A\pjvTm\-]-c-hp-am-bp≈ ]e hnj-b-ß-fnepw Ah¿ bp‡n-cm-lnXyhpw
\ymb-cm-ln-Xyhpw Btcm-]n-°m-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-Xw, kz¿Kw, \c-
Iw, {]hm- N - I - X zw, Aam- \ p- j n- I - k w- ` - h - ß ƒ, hlv b v apX- e - m b- h - b pw,
Ckvemanse ]en-i-\n-tcm-[w, {Ib-hn-{I-b-\n-b-a-ßƒ, A\-¥-cm-h-Im-i -{I-a-
ßƒ, ]¿±m-\n-b-aw, in£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ, Nne Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßƒ F∂n-h-sb-
√mw-Xs- ∂˛ hyXy-kvX `- m-jI - f
- n-em-sW-¶n-epw˛ Ah-cpsS Bt£-]Ø - n\v hnt[-
b-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. F√m-h¿°pw Ah-cp-tS-Xmb ]e bp‡n-\ym-b-ßfpw ka¿∏n-
°p-hm\pw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. F∂n-cn-s°, XnI®pw Bt£-]-c-ln-X-amb Hcp
kao-]\w Ah-cn¬\n∂v e`n-°p-hm≥ Xp\n-bp∂ ]£w, AXns‚ A¿∞w
Ckvemans\ Ah-cpsS C—-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v t`Z-KXn sNøpI F∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
71:¿ƒæeDƒŸG- ø¡«a øeh ¢VQC’Gh äGhÉª°ùdG ä~°ùØd º¡FGƒgG ≥◊G ™ÑJG ƒdh (b-Ym¿∞w Ah-cpsS
C—-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ BIm-i-ß-fpw, `qanbpw, Ah-bn-ep-≈-
hcpw Ipg-∏-Øn-em-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. (ap-Avan\q≥.) F∂pw,
116:ΩÉ©fC’G-¿ƒ°Uôîj ’q GE ºg ¿EGh ø¶dG ’EG ¿ƒ©Ñàj ¿G ¬∏dG π«Ñ°S øY ∑ƒ∏° j ¢VQC’G ‘ øe ÌcG ™£J ¿EGh
(-`q-an-bnep≈h-cn¬ A[n-I-am-fp-I-tfbpw \o A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-]-£w,
Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ hgn-bn¬\n∂v \ns∂ ]ng-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ Dul-
sØ-b-√msX ]n≥]-‰p-∂n-√. Ah¿ aXn-∏n´v ]d-bp-I-b-√msX sNøp-∂p-an-√.
(A≥-Bw.) F∂pw a‰p-ap-ff Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ Cu hmkvXhw Nq≠n-
°m-´p-∂p.
GsXmcp aX- h n- j - b - a m- I - s ´, bp‡n- \ ym- b w- s Im≠v AXns\

FXn¿°p-∂-h-tcm-Sv, B hnj-b-sØ-am{Xw AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv \ymbo-I-cn-®p-
Imń ap´p-Ip-Øn-°p-hm≥ Xp\n-bp-∂Xv tIhew A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp
hymtam-l-am-bn-cn°pw. t\sc-a-dn®v B hnj-b-Øn-∂m-kv]-Z-ambn \ne-sIm-
≈p∂ XXz-ß-sf-bpw, AXns‚ auenI {][m-\-amb hi-ß-sf-bp-amWv BZyw
Ahsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv.- AXv t_m[y-s∏-´-ti-jta B {]tXy-I-hn-
jbw Ah-cpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-®n´v Imcy-ap-≈q. temI-Øn-s\mcp {kjvSm-
hp-≠v, Ah≥ k¿∆m-[n-]-Xn-bpw, k¿∆-⁄\pw, k¿∆-i-‡-\p-amWv F∂v
XpS-ßnb auenI {][m-\-amb hnizm-k-X-Xz-ßƒ Xe-Ip-ep°n kΩ-Xn-°p-
∂-h-tcmSv am{Xta IzZzm-Iz-Zv¿ t]mep≈ Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥
XpS-tß-≠-Xp-≈q. Ah¿t° AXns‚ bp‡nbpw \ymbhpw {Kln-°p-hm≥
Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. Ah¿ kXym-t\z-jn-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. hna¿i-\hpw
]cn-lm-khpw am{Xw e£y-am-°n-bn-´p-≈-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw A\p-
h¿Øn-t°-≠p∂ \bw F¥m-sW∂pw A√mlp \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXn-ß-s\-bm-Wv, 140:AÉ°ùædG-ïdGÉ¡H GC õ¡à°ùjh É¡H ôØµj ¬∏dG äÉjG ºà©ª°S GPG ¿G ÜÉàµdG ‘ ºµ«∏Y ∫õf ~bh
(A-√m-lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-I-fn¬; Ahn-iz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbpw Ahsb ]cn-
l-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbpw \nßƒ tI´m¬, Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ as‰mcp hnj-b-
4865
Øn¬ apgp-Ip-∂-Xv-h-tc°pw \nßƒ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w Ccn-°-cp-Xv. Aßs\
sNbvXm¬˛ H∏w Ccp-∂m¬˛ \nßfpw Ah-sc-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cn°pw F∂v \nß-
fp-sS-ta¬ Ah≥ {KŸ-Øn¬ Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.) ho≠pw A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
68:ΩÉ©fC’G-ïdG º¡æY ¢VôYCÉa ÉæJÉjG ‘ ¿ƒ°Vƒîj øjòdG âjCGQ GPEGh (\-ΩpsS Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ apgp-
In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂˛ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-∂˛ hsc \o I≠m¬ Ah¿ as‰mcp
hnj-b-Øn¬ apgp-Ip-∂Xv hsc \o Ah-cn¬\n∂v Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-I. F\n,
]nimNv \ns∂ ad-∏n-®p-I-f-bp-∂-]-£w, Hm¿a h∂-Xn-\p-tijw \o B A{I-
an-I-tfm-sSm∏w Ccn-°-cp-Xv.)
hnip-≤I
- zp¿-B\- nepw Xncp-kp-∂Ø - nepw h∂n-´p≈ hy‡-amb sXfn-
hp-If
- psS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ IzZzm-Iz-Zvdn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hnizmkw kzoI-cn-°¬
Hmtcm apkvenan-s‚bpw Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ IS-a-bm-sW-∂pw, AXn¬ _p≤n°v
tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xmbn H∂p-an-s√-∂pw, _p≤n AXns\ \n¿_-‘-am-°p-I-bmWv
sNøp-∂-sX-∂pw, IzZzm-IzZv-dn-e-S-ßnb F√m cl-ky-ßfpw \ap°v a\- n-em-
bn-s°m-≈-W-sa-∂n-s√-∂pw, A√m-lp-hns‚ k¿∆-⁄-Xbpw k¿h-i-‡nbpw
kΩ-Xn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ km[y-as - √-∂pw, AXns\
\ntj-[n-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ al-XzsØ CSn-®p-Xm-gvØepw a\p-jy-\n-
√mØ tbmKyX Ah\v I¬]n-°-ep-am-sW-∂pw, F{Xtbm Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-
ß-sfbpw \_n-h-N-\-ß-sfbpw Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠-√msX AXns\ \ntj-
[n-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-s√∂pw C{Xbpw hnh-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂v GsXmcp kXym-t\z-
jn°pw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. ≥«aƒàdG ‹h ¬∏dGh
ÜÉgƒdG âfCG ∂fG áªMQ ∂f~d øe Éæd Ögh Éæàj~g PEG ~©H ÉæHƒ∏b ÆõJ ’ ÉæHQ
4866
`mKw 28 ádOÉÛGIQƒ°S A≤ymbw 58 A¬ apPm-Zex
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ádOÉÛGIQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
58. kqdXp¬ apPm-Z-ex

Ckveman-\v-apºv "Pmln-enøm' Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ `mcy-am-sc-

hnhmltamN\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ Hcp k{º-Zm-b-am-bn-cp∂p
"fznlm¿'. »eCG ô¡¶c ≈∏Y âfG (\o Fs‚ ta¬ Fs‚ amXm-hns‚ apXp-Ivt]m-se-
bm-Ip-∂p) F∂v Ah¿ ]d-bpw. amXm-hp-ambn `mcym-`¿Xr-_‘w ]mSn-√m-Ø-
Xv-t]mse \mw XΩnepw ]mSn√ F∂v kmcw. Hcmƒ Xs‚ `mcy-tbmSv Cß-
s\ ]d-™p-I-gn-™m¬ ]n∂oSv Ahƒ Ah\v \njn-≤-am-sW-∂mWv Ah-
cpsS sh∏v. Ckveman¬ Cßs\ Hcp kw`hw D≠mb kµ¿`-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p
Cu kqd-Ønse BZysØ Nne hN-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®-Xv. Cu kw`-h-sØ-
°p-dn®v lZoYv {KŸ-ß-fn¬ ]e cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-
bn¬ {]k-‡-amb `mKw C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p:˛
Hukp_v\p kzmanØv (âeÉ°U øH ¢ShG) Hcp hr≤-\m-bn-cp-∂p. hm¿≤Iyw

h∂-t∏mƒ At±-lØ - ns‚ kz`m-hØ - n¬ Nne am‰-ßƒ h∂p. Hcn-°¬ hoń¬
h∂-t∏mƒ `mcy-bpsS kwkmcw X\n-°p-]n-Sn-®n-√. At±lw `mcysb "fznlm¿'
sNbvXp. `mcy-bpsS t]¿ Juex (¢VQ-Ö∏©K âæH ádƒN) F∂mWv. Xma-kn-bm-sX-
Øs∂ Cu Ahn-th-I-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn\v tJZ-am-bn. ]d-™p-t]mb hm°v
aS-°n-sb-SpØp F∂ \ne°v At±lw `mcysb kao-]n-®p. `mcy Iq´m-°n-bn-
√. fznlm¿ \S∂pI-gn™ ÿnXn°v AXn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-
s‚bpw hn[n F¥m-sW-∂-dn-bWw F∂m-bn. Ah¿ \_n ˜ bpsS ASp-
°¬sN∂v Cßs\ ]d™p: "dkq-te, Hukv Fs∂ hnhmlw sNøp-tºmƒ
(Rm-s\mcp bph-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.) Ct∏mƒ F\n°v hb- m-bn. a°fpw A[n-
I-ap-≠v. F∂n´v Ct∏m-gnXm At±lw Fs∂ fznlm¿ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p! AXp-
sIm≠v Fs∂ kw_-‘n®p h√ Hgn-I-gnhpw Ds≠-¶n¬, AXv F\n°pw
At±-l-Øn\pw Bizm-k-I-c-am-bn-cp∂p'.....
Xncp-ta\n adp-]Sn ]d™p: "\nß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ (Hcp Xocp-am\w

4867
\n›-bn-°p-am-dv) CXp-hsc Hcp Iev]-\bpw h∂v Inńbn-ń-√. \nßƒ At±-
l-Øn\v ldmam(\n-jn-≤a - m)-sW-∂√ - msX Rm≥ ImWp-∂n√'. At±lw Fs∂
hnhm-l-tam-N\w (X-emIzv) sNbvXn-ń-√t√m F∂pw a‰pw ]d™v Ah¿ \_n
˜ tbmSv X¿°n-®p. ]n∂oSv Cßs\ ]cmXn ]d-bp-hm≥ XpSßn: "A√m-lp-
th, Rm≥ H‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-ep≈ IjvS-∏m-Spw, Rm≥ ]ncn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-ep≈
hnj-aX- bpw \nt∂mSv k¶-Ss - ∏-Sp-∂p. F\n°v Ipsd sNdp-Ip-ń-If
- p-≠v. Ahsc
At±-l-Øns‚ H∂n®v tN¿Øm¬ Ah¿ ]mgm-bn-Øo-cpw. Fs‚ IqsS
tN¿Øm¬ hni-t°≠nh-cn-Ibpw sNøpw! (B-Im-i-tØ°v t\m°n-s°m-≠v)
A√m-lp-th, Rm≥ \nt∂mSv k¶Sw t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-th, \ns‚
{]hm-N-I\v Fs∂-∏‰n (hlvbv) Ah-X-cn-∏n®p sImSp-t°-Wta!' A[nIw Xma-
kn-®n-√. Xncp-ta-\n°v Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®p. "Juem, kt¥m-jn-
®p-sIm-≈pI!'F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v Xncp-ta\n C u kqd-Ønse BZy-h-N-\-
ßƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-®p. Cu h\n-Xm-kz-lm-_n-bmWv BZysØ hN-\-Øn¬
ImWp∂ X¿°n-°p∂ kv{Xo.
PpkvD
- v ˛ 28
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-
Wm-\n-[n-bpamb A√m-lp-hns‚
\ma-Øn¬.
1! (\-_n-tb,) Xs‚ `¿Øm-
hns‚ Imcy- Ø n¬ \nt∂mSv
X¿°n-°p-I-bpw, A√m-lp-hn-¶-
te°v k¶Sw t_m[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-h-fpsS hm°v A√mlp
tIń-´p≠v [kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p].
\nßƒ c≠p-t]¿ kw`m-jWw
\SØp-∂Xv A√mlp tIƒ°p-
∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \n›-b-am-bpw,
A√mlp tIƒ°p- ∂ - h - \ m- W v ,
ImWp-∂-h-\m-Wv.
!1! tIń-´p-≠v, Xo¿®-bmbpw tI´p A√mlp hm°v

\nt∂mSv X¿°n-°p-∂-h-fpsS Ah-fpsS CW-bpsS (`¿Øm-hn-s‚)
Imcy-Øn¬ ]cmXn (k-¶-Sw) t_m[n-∏n-°bpw sNøp∂p A√m-
4868
lp-hn-¶-te°v A√mlp tIƒ°pw, tIń-cp∂p \nßƒ c≠p-
t]-cp-sSbpw kw`m-jWw \n›-ba
- mbpw A√mlp tIƒ°p-∂h
- \
- mWv
ImWp-∂-h-\m-Wv.
"X¿°n-°p-∂h - ƒ'F∂v ]d-™Xv "Juex(d)'sb°p-dn-®m-sW-∂pw, X¿°-

hn-j-bw fznlmdmsW∂pw {]mcw-`-Ønse {]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-
W-t√m. BCix (d) C{]-Imcw ]d-™-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏ńcn-°p∂p:
F√m i_vZ-ßfpw tIƒ°p-amdv hnime tIƒhn-bp-≈-h-\mb A√m-lp-hn\v
kvXpXn; B X¿°w \S-Ønb kv{Xo dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n bpsS ASp-°¬ ˜
h∂v kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Rm≥ hońs‚ Hcp `mKØp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ
]d-bp-∂-sX-¥m-sW∂v Rm≥ (hy-‡-am-bn) tIƒ°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Aßs\
A√mlp ïdG n∂odpOÉnéoJ »pàdG n∫rƒnb o¬s∏dG n™pªn°S r~nb F∂ (Cu) hN\w Cd-°n.( É≤«∏©J …QÉîÑdG √GhQ)
Hch-k-c-Øn¬ Hcp Inghn Da¿ (d)s\ hnfn®v hf-sc-t\cw kwkm-cn-®p. CXv
I≠ Nne¿ AXn-s\-∏‰n tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Da¿ (d) Cßs\ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn:
s—! Cu kv{Xo Bcm-sW-∂d - n-bmtam? Ggm-Im-iß - ƒ°p-aosX \n∂v A√mlp
]cm-Xn-tI´v DØcw \¬Inb B kv{Xo CXm-Wv. AsX, YAve_-Øns‚
aIƒ JueØv. ( ïjQÉàdG ‘ …QÉîÑdGh »≤¡«ÑdG) ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ "fznlmdn's‚
hn[n {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:˛
!2! \nß-fn¬\n∂v Xß-
fpsS kv{XoI-tfmSv [`mcy-am-tcmSv]
fznlm¿ sNøp- ∂ - h ¿..........!
[Ah¿ A_-≤-amWv {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-Xv.] Ah¿ Ah-cpsS amXm-
°- f √; AhcpsS amXm- ° ƒ
Ahsc {]k-hn® kv{XoI-f√ - msX
(a-‰m-cpw) A√.
\n›-b-am-bpw, Bt£-]-
I-c-amb (A-Y-hm Zpcm-Nm-c-am-b)
Hcp hm°pw I≈-hpw-X-s∂-bmWv
Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A√mlp hfsc
am∏p-\¬Ip-∂-h\pw s]mdp-°p-∂-
h\pw Xs∂.
4869
! 3! Xß- f psS kv { XoIsf
[`mcy-amsc] "fznlm¿' sNøp-I-
bpw, ]n∂oSv Xßƒ ]d-™X - n¬
aS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿, Ah¿
c≠p- t ]cpw At\ym\yw kv ]
¿in-°p-∂-Xn-\vap-ºmbn Hcp ASn-
asb kzX-{¥-am-°p-Ib - mWv (th-
≠- X v). C∏- d - ™ Xv aptJ\
\nßƒ°v kZp-]-tZiw \¬I-
s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. A√mlp \nßƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n
kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-
∂p.
!4! F\n, B¿s°-¶nepw (A-
Xv ) FØ- s ∏- S mØ [km[y- a m-
hmØ] ]£w, Ah¿ At\ym\yw
kv]¿in- ° p- ∂ - X n\v apºmbn
XpS¿®- b mb c≠v amksØ
t\mºv (]n-Sn-°p-I).
F\n, B¿s°-¶nepw (A-

Xn- \ pw) km[n- ° msX hcp- ∂ - ] -
£w, Adp- ] Xv km[p- ° ƒ°v
`£Ww \¬Ip-I. AXv, A√m-lp-
hn- e pw, Ahs‚ dkq- e nepw
\nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-
b-s{X. Ah (sbm-s°) A√m-lp-
hns‚ (\n-b-a-]-c-am-b) AXn¿Øn-
I- f m- I p- ∂ p. Ahn- i zm- k n- I ƒ°v
thZ-\-tb-dnb in£-bp-ap-≠v.
!2! fznlm¿ sNøp-∂-h¿ \nß-fn¬\n∂v Ah-

cpsS kv{Xo (`m-cy)-I-tfm-Sv, kv{XoIsf Ah-c√ Ah-cpsS
DΩ-am¿, amXm-°ƒ Ah-cpsS DΩ-am-c√ bmsXmcp kv{XoI-
4870
f-√msX Ahsc {]k-hn® \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ ]d-bp-I-
bmWv Bt£-]-I-c-am-b-Xv, Zpcm-Nmcw, \njn-≤w, shdp-°-s∏-´Xv
hm°n¬\n∂v I≈(Ir-{Xn-a-˛-hym-P)hpw \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp
am∏v sNøp-∂-h-≥ Xs∂ hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw !3!
fznlm¿ sNøp-∂-h¿ Xß-fpsS kv{XoI-tfmSv ]ns∂ aS-
ßp-∂, aS-°n-sb-Sp-°p∂ Xßƒ ]d-™-Xn¬, ]d™Xns\
F∂m¬ kzX-{¥-am-°pI Hcp ]nc-Snsb (A-Sn-a-sb) apºmbn
c≠p-t]cpw At\ym\yw kv]¿in-°p-∂-Xns‚ AXv (C-∏-d-™-
Xv) AXv aptJ\ \nßƒ°v kZp-]-tZiw sNø-s∏-Sp∂p
A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq£va-ambn Adn-
bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. !4! F\n (F-∂m¬) B¿°v FØ-s∏-ń-√, Inńbn-
ń-√tbm F∂m¬ t\mºp-Iƒ (]n-Sn-°p-I) c≠p amksØ
XpS¿®bmb c≠v c≠p-t]cpw At\ym\yw kv]¿in°pw apºv
F\n B¿°v km[n-®n-√tbm F∂m¬ `£Ww sImSp-°-
emWv Adp-]Xv km[p-hn\v AXv \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-
hm≥ th≠n-bmWv A√m-lp-hn¬ Ahs‚ dkq-enepw Ah,
Ah- b m- I s´ A√m- l p- h ns‚ AXncv (\n- b - a m- X n¿Øn)IfmWv
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p≠v thZ-\-tb-dnb in£
Bb-Øp-I-fpsS kmcw: fznlm¿˛ \o Fs‚ amXm-hn-s\-t∏m-se-

bmWv ˛F∂v ]d-bp-tºm-sgms° `mcy-am¿ amXm-°-fm-Ip-∂n-√. B hm°v
tIhew s]mf-fbpw Zpcm-Nm-c-hp-amb Hcp sX‰v hm°m-Ip-∂p. ap≥Im-eØv
Aßs\ sNbvXp-t]m-b-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp s]mdp-tØ-°pw. fznlm¿
sNbvX-tijw AXn¬\n∂v h√-hcpw aS-ßm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-]£w, `mcy-
bp-ambn kv]¿i\w D≠m-Ip-∂X - n-\vap-ºp-Xs∂ {]mb-›nØw (InQÉsØµn dr G) sNtø-
≠-Xp-≠v. AXn-\v-ti-jta Ah-fp-ambn kv]¿i\w ]mSp-≈q. {]mb-›nØw
CXmWv: Hcp ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p-I. AXv In´m-Øh - ¿ c≠p-amkw XpS¿®-
bmbn t\mºv ]nSn-°p-I, AXn\pw Ign-bm-Ø] - £w Adp-]Xv km[p-°ƒ°v
`£Ww \¬Ip-I.
Cu hN-\ß
- f
- psS hniZ hymJym-\ß
- f
- pw, fznlm-dns\ kw_-‘n®
4871
hni-Z-hn-h-c-ßfpw ]e Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-\-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-epw, ^nIzvlv {KŸ-
ß-fnepw ImWmw. ap≥Im-eØv Ad-_n-I-fn¬ \S-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂ B k{º-
Zmbw C∂v \ne-hn-en-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS IqSp-X¬ hnh-cn-t°-≠p∂
Bhiyw ImWp-∂n-√. GXm-bm-epw, fznlm¿ sNø¬ sX‰mb Imcy-am-sW-
∂pw, AXv sNbvXm¬ ]n∂oSv `mcy-bn-te°v aS-ßp-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂]£w,
ta¬]-d™ {]mb-›nØw sNø¬ I¿i-\-amb \n¿_-‘-am-sW-∂p-amWv
Ckvemans‚ hn[n. A√m-lp-hnepw dkq-enepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ Cu \nb-
asØ ewLn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂pw, AXv hºn® sX‰m-sW∂pw Cu hN-
\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.
!5!\n›-b-ambpw, A√m-lp-hn-
t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw
InS-a¬kcw \S-Øp-∂-h¿, Ah-
cpsS apºp-≈-h¿ hj-fm-°-s∏-´-
Xp-t]mse hj-fm-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-
Wv . kphy- ‡ - a mb ]e e£y-
ßfpw \mw Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®n-´p-≠p-Xm-
\pw. Ahn-izm-kn-I-ƒ°v \nµy-
amb in£-bp-ap-≠v.
!6! Ahsc apgp-h\pw A√mlp

Fgp- t ∂- e v]n- ° p∂ Znh- k w,
At∏mƒ Xßƒ {]h¿Øn-®X - n-s\-
∏‰n Ah¿°v Ah≥ hnh-c-a-dn-bn-
®p- s Im- S p- ° p- ∂ - X m- W v . A√mlp
AXv IW- ° m°n [¢n]v X - s ∏-
SpØn] sh®n-cn-°p∂p; Ah-cXv ad-
∂p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
A√mlp F√m Imcy- Ø ns‚
taepw (Zr-°v)-km-£n-bm-Ip-∂p.
5! \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm-cp-h¿ AXn¿Øn-ew-Ln®p IS-

°p- ∂ , InS- a ¬kcw \S- Ø p- ∂ , I£nØw ImWn- ° p- ∂ , FXn¿°p∂
4872
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw Ah¿ hj-fm-°-
s∏Spw, \nµn-°-s∏-Spw, A]-am-\n-°-s∏Spw bmsXm-cp-Iq-´¿ hj-
fm-°-s∏-´-t]mse Ah-cpsS apºp≈ \mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-
ap-≠v. Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p ]e e£y-ßsf kphy-‡-
ß-fm-b, sXfn-hp-I-fmb Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-≠v-Xm\pw in£
\nµn-°p∂, \nµy-amb !6! Ahsc Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p∂ (]p-
\cp÷o-hn-∏n-°p-∂)Znhkw A√mlp apgp-h\
- pw, F√m-hc
- p-ambn
At∏mƒ Ah≥ Ahsc hnh-c-a-dn-bn-°pw, t_m[y-s∏-SpØpw Ah¿
{]h¿Øn-®-Xn-s\-∏-‰n A√mlp AXns\ ¢n]vX-s∏-SpØn (I-W-°m-
°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p) Ah-c-Xns\ ad-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p A√mlp
F√m Imcy-Øns‚ taepw, Imcy-Øn\pw Zr°vkm£n-bm-Wv,
lmP-dp-≈-h-\mWv
A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw \n›-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p≈ \nb-am-
Xn¿Øn-Isf AXn-ew-Ln-®p-sIm≠v InS-a-’cw \S-Øp-∂-hsc A√mlp ITn-
\-ambn Xm°oXv sNøp-I-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-a-ßsf ewLn®v ]Icw
a‰v \nb-a-ßƒ D≠m-°p-I-bpw, kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ t\Xm-°-fpw, ]cn-
jvI-c-W-hm-Zn-Ifpw Cu Xm°oXv {]tXyIw {i≤n-®n-cn-°s´.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
! 7! \o ImWp- ∂ n- t √,
BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈-Xpw, `qan-bn-ep-
≈Xpw (F-√mw) A√mlp Adn-bp-
∂p-sh∂v?!
Hcp aq∂m-fpsS cl-ky-`m-j-

Whpw Ah≥ Ah-cn¬ \mem-a-\m-
bn-s°m-≠-√msX D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√.
A©m- f p- t SXpw Xs∂, Ah≥
Ah- c n¬ Bdm- a - \ m- b n- s °m- ≠ n-
√msX (D-≠m-Ip-I)-bn√; AXn-s\-
4873
°mƒ Xmsg-bp-≈-Xm-I-s´, A[n-I-
cn-®-Xm-I-s´, Ah≥ Ah-tcm-sSm-∏-
an-√m-Xn-√˛ Ah¿ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-
∂mepw icn.
]n∂oSv Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-®-

Xn- s \- ∏ ‰n Iznbm- a - Ø v \ m- f n¬
Ah≥ Ahsc hnh-c-a-dn-bn-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv. \n›-b-am-bpw, A√mlp
F√m Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw Adn-bp-
∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
!7! \o I≠n-t√, \n\°v I≠p-IqtS \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp
Adnbpw (F-∂v) BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bn-

ep-≈Xpw D≠m-Ip-I-bn√ Hcp clky kw`m-j-W(-Kq-V-
kw-km-c)hpw, kzIm-cym-temN-\bpw aq∂m-fpsS Ah-\m-bn-ń-√msX
Ah-cn¬ \mem-a≥ A©mfp-tS-Xp-an√ Ah≥ C√msX
Ah-cn¬ Bdm-a≥ XmWXpw (Ip-d-™-Xpw)-C√ AXn-
s\-°mƒ A[n-I-am-b-Xp-an√ Ah≥ C√msX Ah-tcm-
sSm∏w Ah¿ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw ]ns∂ Ah≥
Ahsc hnh-c-a-dn-bn-°pw, t_m[y-s∏-SpØpw Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-®-Xn-
s\-∏‰n Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ \n›-b-am-bpw A√mlp
F√m Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv.
GXv cl-ky-kw-km-c-hpw˛ B¿, Fhn-sS, Fßs\ \SØs∏-´mepw

icn˛ A√mlp AsX√mw I≠pw tI´pw Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Iznbm-a-Øv
\m-fn¬ AXv Ahsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw F∂v kmcw. BIm-
i-Øn-em-I-s´, `qan-bn-em-Is´ Hcp AWp Af-hn-ep≈ Imcyhpw A√m-
lp-hn\v Adn-bmsX t]mIp-∂-X-√. ïdG ¢VQC’G ‘ ’h äGhÉª°ùdG ‘ IQP ∫É≤ãe ¬æY Üõ©j’
4874
!8! cl-ky-kw-km-c-sØ-
∏‰n hne°w sNø-s∏-ń-´p-≈-hsc
\o ImWp- ∂ nt√? ]ns∂- b pw,
Xß-tfmSv hne-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xn-
te°v Ah¿ aS-ßp-∂p [ho≠pw
AXm-h¿Øn-°p∂p:] ]m]-hpw,
AXn- { I- a - h pw, dkq- e n- t \m- S p≈
A\p-k-c-W-t°Spw kw_-‘n®v
Ah¿ ]c- k v]cw clky
kwkmcw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p!
Ah¿ \ns‚ ASp-°¬

h∂m-tem, A√mlp \ns∂ A`n-
hmZyw sNbvXn-ń-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v
Ah¿ \ns∂ A`n- h mZyw
sNbvIbpw sNøpw. Ah¿ Xß-
fn¬ (X-Ω-X-Ωn¬) ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNøpw: "\mw (Cu) ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v
A√mlp \sΩ in£n- ° m- Ø -
sX¥v' F∂v.
Ah¿°v Pl∂w [\cIw]

aXn; AXn- e - h ¿ IS- s ∂- c nbpw!
At∏mƒ (B) ]cy-h-km\ÿew
F{X NoØ!!
!8! \o I≠n-t√, I≠p a\- n-em-°p-∂nt√ bmsXm-cp-Iq-

´sc Ah¿ hntcm-[n-°-s∏´p cl-ky-kw-km-c-sØ-°p-dn®v
]ns∂ Ah¿ aS-ßp∂p (B-h¿Øn-°p-∂p) -A-h¿ hne-°-
s∏-´-Xn-te°v AXn-s\-∏‰n Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw cl-ky-kw-kmcw
\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p ]m]w-sIm≠v, Ip‰-am-b-Xn-s\-∏‰n AXn-
{I-ahpw dkq-en-t\mSv A\p-kc
- W
- t- °Spw Ah¿ \ns‚
ASp-°¬ h∂m¬ Ah¿ \ns∂ A`n-hmZyw sNøp-∂p, ImgvN-sh-°p∂p
bmsXm-∂n-s\, (Hcp A`n-hmZywsIm≠v) AXp-sIm≠v \n\°v
4875
A`n-hmZyw sNbvXn-ń√ A√mlp Ah¿ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p
Ah¿ Xß-fn¬ (X-Ωn¬, kzbw) XßfpsS a\- n¬ \sΩ
in£n-°m-Ø-sX-¥m-Wv, in£n-®p-IqtS A√mlp \mw ]d-bp-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿°paXn Pl∂w (\-c-Iw) AXn-e-h¿ IS-
°pw, Fcnbpw hfsc NoØ (B) ]cy-h-km\ ÿew, aS°w,
Xncn-s®-Ø¬
\_n ˜ aZo-\bn¬ sN∂-tijw blq-Zn-I-fp-ambn kam-[m\ k‘n-

bn¬ G¿s∏ń-cp-∂p-h-t√m. F∂m¬ apkvenwIƒ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬IqSn \S-
°p-tºmƒ Ah¿ XΩ-X-Ωn¬ Nne clky kwkm-c-ßƒ \S-ØpI ]Xn-hp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xßƒ apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-cn¬ h√ KqV-kw-km-chpw \S-Øp-
I-bm-sW∂v apkvenwIƒ°v tXm∂n-∏n-°p-I-bpw, Ahsc ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-bp-
am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Dt±-iyw. CXv apkvenwIƒ°v kwi-bhpw i¶bpw P\n-
∏n-°p-a-t√m. AXn-\m¬, AØcw KqV-kw-km-c-ßƒ \S-Ø-cp-sX∂v \_n
˜ Ah-tcmSv hntcm-[n-®n-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ah¿ ho≠pw AXm-h¿Øn®p h∂p.
CXn¬ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb apkvenw thj-[m-cn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ]¶p-h-ln-
°m-Xn-cp-∂n√. blq-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS-bpw, KqV-kw-km-c-hn-
jbw ]m]-hpw, AXn-{I-ahpw, dkq-en-t\m-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sp-am-bn-cn-°p-
sa∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. CXn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ BZy-`mKw {]kvXm-
hn-°p-∂-Xv.
blq-Zn-If- psS as‰mcp tXm∂n-bh

- m-ks
- Ø-°p-dn-®mWv Ah-km-\`- mKw
Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ \_n -bpsS ASp-°¬ hcp-tºmƒ, {]Xy-£-Øn¬ ˜
ºµ«∏Y ΩÓ°ùdG (A- -emap Asse-°pw) F∂p≈ Ckvemans‚ D]-Nm-c-hm-Iy-am-
sW∂v tXm∂-Ø-°-hn[w A£-c-hy-Xymkw icn°v kv]jvSam°msX
ºµ«∏Y ΩÉ°SCG (A- map Asse-°pw) F∂v kemw ]d-bpw. H∂m-a-tØ-Xns‚
A¿∞w, "\nßƒ°v kam-[m-\-im¥n D≠m-hs´' F∂m-W-t√m. c≠m-a-tØ-
Xn-\m-Is´ "\nßƒ°v acWw D≠m-Is´' F∂m-W¿∞w. CXmWv A√mlp
D]-Nmcw sNbvXn-ń-√mØ D]-Nmcw sIm≠v hnh-£. BCix (d) ]d-™n-
cn-°p∂p: Hcn-°¬ Ipsd blq-Zn-Iƒ h∂v \_n°v "A map AsseI'
F∂v kemw ]d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´p a\- n-em-°n. Rm≥ Cßs\ ]d™p:
áæ©∏dGh ΩÉ°ùdG ºµ«∏Yh (\n-ßƒ°v ac-Whpw im]hpw `hn-°-s´.) Xncp-ta\n Ft∂m-
Sp-]-d™p: "BCim £an-°q, F√mw Imcy-Ønepw abw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv
A√mlp CjvSs∏Sp-∂p'. BCix (d) ]d™p: "Ah¿ ]d-™Xv Aßp∂v
tIńt√?' Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "Rm≥ ºµ«∏Y (A-sse-Ipw) F∂v ]d-™p-ht√m'
(_p; ap.)"AsseIpw'F∂m¬ "\nßƒ°p-≠m-Is´' F∂¿∞-am-Ip-∂p.
4876
AXm-bXv F\n-°√ - ˛ \nßƒ°p-≠m-hs´ ac-Ww˛ F∂v kmcw. apl-ΩZv {]hm-
N-I-\m-sW-¶n¬ Cßs\ kemw ]d-bp-∂Xv \nanØw \ap°v h√ in£bpw
A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p-≠m-bn-°m-tW-≠-Xt√? H∂pw, kw`hn®p ImWm-Ø-sX-
¥mWv?! F∂v blq-Zn-Iƒ kzbw Zpc-`n-am\w \Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. CXn-\p≈ adp-]S- n-bmWv Ah-km-\sØ c≠v hmIy-ßƒ. AsX, Ah¿°v
Pl∂w Xs∂ aXn in£°v! AXn-tesd Zpjn® ]cy-h-km\w as‰-¥m-Wp-
≈Xv?!
A√mlp A`n-hm-Zy-am-°n-bn-ń-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ A`n-hmZyw

sNøpw (¬∏dG ¬H ∂«ëj ⁄ ÉÃ ∑ƒ«M) F∂ hmIyw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬, Hcp Imcyw
AXn¬\n∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. AXm-bX - v, apkvenwIƒ XΩn¬
kemw ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXv CkvemanI kemw-Xs∂ Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xpw,
apkvenwIƒ A\nkvemanIamb A`n-hm-Zy-hm-Iy-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-
≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf hnfn®p
D]-tZ-in-°p∂p:˛
! 9! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,
\nßƒ ]c- k v ] cw cl- k y- k w-
kmcw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-bm¬, ]m]-
hpw, AXn-{I-a-hpw, dkq-en-t\mSv
A\p-k-c-W-t°Spw kw_-‘n®v
clkykwkmcw \S- Ø - c pXv;
]pWyhpw, `b-` ‡nbpw kw_-
‘n®v cl-ky-kw-kmcw \S-Øp-
Ibpw sNbvXp- s Im- ≈ p- h n≥.
\nßƒ bmsXm-cp-h-\n-te°v Hcp-
an®p Iq´-s∏-Sptam B A√m-lp-
hns\ kq£n- ° p- I bpw sNøp-
hn≥.
!10! \n›-b-ambpw (B) cl-

ky- k w- k mcw ]nim- N n¬ \n∂v
Xs∂-bp-≈X - mWv; hniz-kn-®h
- sc
hyk-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n.
4877
A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-a-Xn-tbm-
sS-b-√m-sX, Ah¿°Xv H´pw D]-
{Zhw sNøp-∂-X-√-Xm-\pw. A√m-
lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ `c-ta-ev]n-®p-sIm-
≈s´, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ.
!9! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h tc \nßƒ clky

kwkmcw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-bm¬ F∂m¬ \nßƒ clky kwkmcw
sNø-cpXv ]m]w kw_-‘n®v AXn-{I-ahpw dkq-
en-t\mSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Spw \nßƒ cl-ky-kw-kmcw sNbvXp-sIm-
≈p-hn≥ ]pWyw (k¬Im-cyw) kw_-‘n®p kq£vaX (`b-
`‡n)bpw kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ bmsXmcp A√m-lp-hns\
Ah-\n-te°v \nßƒ Hcp-an®p Iq´-s∏Spw !10! \n›-
b-ambpw cl-ky-`m-j-Ww, KqVm-tem-N\ ]nim-Nn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂
(am-{Xw) BIp∂p AXv hyk-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n hniz-
kn-®-hsc AX-√-Xm\pw Ah¿°v D]-{Z-h-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xv, tZmjw
sNøp-∂Xv bmsXm∂pw, H´pw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-aX
- n-bn-√msX
A√m- l p- h ns‚ ta¬ F∂m¬ `c- t a¬]n- ® p- s Im- ≈ s´
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
cl-ky-amtbm KqV-amtbm kwkm-cn-°p-I-bpw, IqSn-bm-tem-N\ \S-

Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-√. ]t£, AXv \√ Imcy-Øn-epw,
th≠s∏´ hnj-b-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. blq-Zn-I-fpw, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw
sNøp-∂-Xv -t]mse NoØ-Im-cy-ß-fn-epw, Zpcp-t±-iy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw BI-cp-
Xv. F√mw A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°W - w. Fs∂ms° A√mlp
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS KqVm-tem-N-\-sIm≠v h√
B]Øpw ht∂-°p-sa∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ `b-s∏-tS-≠X - n-s√∂pw DW¿Øp-
∂p.
"kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf hyk-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥th≠n' ( GƒæeBG øjòdG ¿õë«d) F∂

hmIyw {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ XΩ-X-Ωn-em-bn-cp-∂mepw Hcp
4878
Iq´-cpsS cl-ky-kw-kmcw aptJ\ as‰mcp Iq´¿°v A\n-jvSw-h-cmsX kq£n-
t°-≠-Xps≠∂v CXn¬\n∂v {Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. \_n ˜
]d-bp-∂Xv
t\m°pI: "\nßƒ aq∂p-t]-cm-bn-cp-∂m¬, c≠p-t]¿ Xß-fpsS kvt\ln-X-
s\-°q-SmsX XΩn¬ cl-ky-kw-kmcw \S-Ø-cp-Xv. ImcWw AX-hs\ hyk-
\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv'. (A; _p; ap.)
!11! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-

tc, "Ccn- ∏ n- S - ß - f n¬ hnim- e X
[kuIcyw] sNøp- h n≥' F∂v
\nß-tfmSv ]d-b-s∏-´m¬, \nßƒ
hnim-eX \¬Ip-hn≥, (F-∂m¬)
A√mlp \nßƒ°v hnim- e X
\¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
\nß-t fmSv "Fgpt∂¬

°p- h n≥' F∂v ]d- b - s ∏- ´ m¬,
\nßƒ Fgp-t∂¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-
hn≥; \nß-fn¬\n∂v hniz-kn-®-h-
sc-bpw, Adnhv \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≈-h-
scbpw A√mlp ]e ]Sn- I ƒ
Db¿Øp- ∂ - X m- W v. A√mlp
\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n
kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
!11! tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \nß-tfmSv ]d-b-s∏-´m¬

hnim-eX (ku-I-cyw˛ Hgn-hv) sNøp-hn≥ F∂v Ccn-∏n-S-ß-
fn¬, kZ- p- I - f n¬ F∂m¬ \nßƒ hnim- e X \¬Ip- h n≥
A√mlp hnim-eX \¬Ipw \nßƒ°v ]d-b-s∏-´m¬
\nßƒ Fgp-t∂¬°p-hn≥ F∂v F∂m¬ \nßƒ Fgp-t∂¬°p-hn≥
A√mlp Db¿Øpw hniz-kn-®-hsc \nß-fn¬\n∂v
4879
\¬I-s∏-´-h-scbpw Adn-hv, ⁄m\w ]e ]Sn-Iƒ, ]Z-hn-
Iƒ A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq£va-am-
b-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv
P\-ßƒ ktΩ-fn-°p∂ kZ- p-I-fn¬ A\p-h¿Øn-°-s∏-tS-≠p∂
Nne acym-Z-Ifpw IS-a-I-fp-amWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. a‰p-f-f-h¿°v
h∂n-cn-°p-hm≥ CSw t]mcmsX hcn-I-bpw, Ah¿°v ÿe-Øn-\m-hiyw t\cn-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ ÿe-ku-Icyw sImSp-°-W-sa∂pw Hcp Iq´¿ Ccp∂v
Ign™ ÿe-Øp-\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬t°≠p∂ Bhiyw h∂m¬ Fgp-t∂‰v
sImSp-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂p. C°m-eØv F∂-sØ-
°mfpw P\-ßƒ Cu Iev]\ Hm¿an-t°-≠-Xm-bn-´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hml-\-ß-
fn-epw, s]mXp-ÿe - ß
- f
- n-ep-sa-√mw-Xs
- ∂, Hcp Iq´¿ as‰mcp Iq´-cpsS kuIcyw
Ku\n-°p-I-tbm, as‰m-cmƒ°v ÿe-ku-Icyw apX-emb klm-b-k-l-I-cWw
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv C∂v hnc-f-am-Ip-∂p. A¬]-sam∂v sRcp-
ßn-bn-s´-¶nepw A-∂y\p-IqSn kuI-cy-ap-≠m-°n-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw \me-
©p-t]¿°n-cn-°m-hp∂ ÿew A{Xbpw apS-°n-s°m≠v Imep-\oń kpJw-
sIm-≈p-∂-h-sc-bpw, \n¬°p-hm≥t]mepw hømØ tcmKn-Ifpw htbm-[n-
I≥amcpw \n∂v hnj-an-°p-∂Xv ImWp-tºmƒ Imsem∂v Npcp-°p-hm≥t]mepw
k≥a-\ v ImWn-°m-Ø-h-scbpw C∂v [mcmfw ImWp-Ibpw sNømw. a‰p-≈-
h¿ IjvS-s∏´v ImWp-∂-Xn¬ Ch¿°v kt¥m-j-am-sW-∂p-t]mepw tXm∂n-
t∏mIpw! A\y-cpsS Bhiyw I≠-dn™v Ah¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºm-
bn-Øs∂ Ign-bp∂ kuIcyw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bmWv th≠-Xv. Bh-iy-
s∏-Sp-I-IqSn sNbvXm¬ B ISa h¿≤n-°p-∂p. Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv DØ-c-hm-Z-
s∏-´-h¿ IqSn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ, AXv IqSp-X¬ \n¿_-‘n-X-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
kZ- n¬ BZy-amZyw hcp-∂-h¿ BZy-amZyw ÿew ]nSn-°p-a-t√m.

Hc-hk- Ø- n¬ {][m-\n-If
- mb Nne kzlm-_n-Iƒ hs∂-Øn-bt- ∏m-tg°pw \_n
˜ -bpsS kZ- n¬ ASpØ ÿe-ß-fn-se√mw Bƒ \nd-™n-cp-∂p. Ah-cm-
sW-¶n¬ ]e \ne-°pw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-Øp-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-
ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ kzbw kwKXn a\- n-em°n Ah¿°v
h∂n-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-an-√. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬,
Hcn-°¬ ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂ Nne-tcmSv B {][m-\n-Iƒ°p-th≠n ÿe-ku-
Icyw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ \_n ˜ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. I]-S-hn-
izm-kn-Iƒ Cu kµ¿`w NqjWw sNbvXp. \_n ˜ \oXn-]m-en-°p-∂n-s√-
∂pw, ]£w ImWn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw Ah¿ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-®p. Cu
Ah-kc - Ø
- n-emWv Cu hN\w Ah-Xc - n-®s
- X∂v ap^- n-dp-Iƒ ]d™p ImWp-
∂p. At∏mƒ, Cß-s\-bp≈ s]mXp-k-Z- p-I-fn¬ ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-
°¬ Bh-iy-amb Bfp-Iƒ°p-th≠n a‰p-≈-h¿ ÿew Hgn-hm-°n-s°m-Sp-
4880
t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂pw, DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏-´-h¿ AXn-\m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ AXv A\p-
k-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°¬ IS-a-bm-sW∂pw CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. kZ- nse
\S-]-Sn-I-sf-°p-dn®pw a‰pw Imcym-tem-N-\-Iƒ \S-ØpI apX-emb ]e-Xn\pw
Cßs\ kZ-kytcmSv Bh-iy-s∏-tS-≠-Xmbn ht∂-°p-a-t√m.
ºr µo dn ¬o ∏q dG í
p °n ùrØjn Gƒoë°n ùraÉna (\n-ßƒ hnim-eX sNøp-hn≥, A√mlp \nßƒ°v
hnim-eX sNøpw) F∂ hmIyw {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy≥ sNøp∂ ]pWy-
I¿a-ßƒ°v AtX Xc-Øn¬s]´ ˛F∂m¬ AXn-s\-°mƒ D∂-Xhpw h¿≤n-
®-Xp-amb˛ hn[-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw A√mlp {]Xn-êw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. \_n ˜
]d-bp∂p: "Cl-Ønse ZpxJ-ß-fn¬s]´ Hcp ZpxJw Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°v
Bsc-¶nepw Bizm-k-am-°n-s°m-Sp-Øm¬, Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fnse ZpxJ-ß-
fn¬\n∂v Hcp ZpxJw A√mlp Ah\v Bizm-k-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
sRcp-°-°m-c-\mb Hcmƒ°v (h√ Imcy-hpw) Bsc-¶nepw Ffp-∏-am-°n-s°m-
Sp-Øm¬, A√mlp Ah\v Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw Ffp-∏-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-
∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp apkvenans\ (A-hs‚ t]mcmbva shfn-°p-h-cm-sX) Hcmƒ ad-
®p-]n-Sn-®m¬, A√mlp Ahs\ Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw (A-Xp-t]m-se) ad-
®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Hc-Sn-bm≥ Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c\v klm-b-Øn¬ G¿s∏-ń-
cn-°p-tºm-sg√mw A√mlp Ahs‚ klm-b-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw..... (ap.)'
äÉnLQn On ºn ∏r ©p dr G GƒoJhoGC ø
n jpòds Gh ºr µo ær ep Gƒræen GB ø
n jpòds G ¬o ∏q dG ™p an ôr jn (\n-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-®-h-sc-bpw,
Adnhv \¬I-s∏-´-h-scbpw A√mlp ]e ]Sn-Iƒ Db¿Øpw) F∂ hmIy-
Øn¬\n∂v Nne-sX√mw a\- n-em-°p-hm-\p-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn:
(1) kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Adn-hp-≈h

- c
- p-am-Wv CØcw acymZ {]tXyIw
]men-t°-≠Xv F∂v ]d-tb≠-Xn√. F∂m¬ A\y¿°p-th≠n hn´p-hogvN
sNøp-∂Xv Ah¿°v Hcn-°epw XmgvN-b√, AX-h¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ Db¿®-
bm-Wp-≠m-°p-I. apkvenw (d) D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n ]d-bp∂p: ˜
"Hcp [¿ahpw [\-Øn¬ Npcp°w hcp-Øp-∂-X-√. Hc-Sn-bm\pw am∏v sNøp-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v Ah\v hocyw˛ {]Xm-]w˛ A√msX A√mlp h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bpan-
√. GsXm-cp-h\pw A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n Xmgva˛ hn\-bw˛ ImWn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬
A√mlp Ahs\ Db¿Øm-sXbpw Ccn-°p-I-bn-√'.
(2) hnizm-khpw Adn-hp-ap-≈-h¿ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv Hu∂Xyw ImWn-®p-

Iq-Sm. F¶nepw, a‰p-≈-h¿ Ah-cpsS ÿm\w ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
Ah¿°v ap≥K-W\ \¬tI-≠p∂ ÿm\Øv AXv \¬Ip-Ibpw thWw. \_n
˜
]d-bp∂p:"\nß-fn¬ _p≤nbpw hnth-I-hp-ap-≈-h¿ Fs‚ ASp-Øp-h-cs´;
]n∂oSv Ah-tcmSv ASp-Øp-\n¬°p∂-h¿. (Cu hm°v Xncp-ta\n aq∂v -h´w
]d-™p) \nßƒ Aßm-Sn-Øn-c-°p-Iƒ ˛A-ßm-Sn-bn-se-t]mse A®-S-°-an-
4881
√m-bva˛ h¿÷n-°-Ww'. (ap.) as‰mcp \_n hN\w: "\Ω-n-ep≈ sNdn-b-h-
t\mSv Icp-W-Im-Wn-°p-Ibpw \Ωn-ep≈ hen-b-hs‚ tbmKyX a\- n-em-°p-
Ibpw sNøm-Ø-h¿ \Ωn¬ s]´-h-c-√'.(Zm; Xn.)
\_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ -bpsS ASp-°¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn kzlm-_n-Iƒ
Ccp-∂n-cp-∂Xv Ah-cpsS ÿm\-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. A_q-_-Iv¿ (d)
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS he-Xp-`m-KØpw, Da¿ (d) CS-`m-K-Øp-am-bn-cp∂p Ccn-°pI
]Xn-hv. DYvam≥ (d), Aeo (d), F∂n-h¿ an°-hmdpw apºn-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw.
ImcWw Ah¿ c≠p-t]cpw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Fgp-Øp-Im-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Camw
apkvenw XpS-ßnb lZo-Yp-]-WvUn-X≥am¿ CXv tcJ-s∏SpØn-°m-Wmw. c≠p-
t]¿ tN¿∂v Ccn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS kΩ-X-an-√msX Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬
sN∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv \_n ˜ hntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (Zm; Xn.) Hcmƒ Ccn-°p∂
CS-Øn¬\n∂v Abmsf Fgp-t∂¬]n®v B ÿm\Øv Ccn-°c - p-sX-∂pw, hnim-
e-Xbpw kuI-cyhpw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa∂pw \_n ˜ Acp-fn-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. (_p; ap) Hcmƒ Hcp Ccn-∏n-S-Øn¬ \n∂v Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]m-bn´v ]n∂oSv
AXn-te-°p-Xs∂ aS-ßn-h-∂m¬ Ah≥ AXn\v IqSp-X¬ A¿l-\mWv F∂v
AhnSp∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. (ap.) \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ Hcp kZ- n¬ hcp-
tºmƒ apºv FØn-b-h¿ Ccp∂v Ign-™v _m°n-bp≈ ÿe-Øm-bn-cp∂p
Ahn-Sp∂v Ccp-∂n-cp-∂Xv F∂pw \_nGNcy-I-fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
CØcw BNm-c-a-cym-Z-I-sf-∏‰n Ku\n-°p-∂-h¿ C°m-eØv Xptemw Ipd-hm-
sW-∂Xv tJZ-I-c-a-s{X. P\-ßƒ XΩn¬ kvt\lhpw CW-°-hp-an-√m-Xm-bn-
Øo-cp-∂-Xn\v CsXm-s°-Ø-s∂-bmWv Imc-W-hpw.
!12! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-
tc, \nßƒ dkq-ep-ambn cl-ky-
kw-`m-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-bm¬,
-
\nß- f psS clky kw`m- j - W -
Øn\p apºn¬ (F-s¥-¶n-epw) Hcp
Zm\-[¿aw ka¿∏n-°p-hn≥
AXv, \nßƒ°v DØ-a-am-

b-Xpw, IqSp-X¬ ip≤-am-b-Xp-am-bn-
cn-°pw. F\n, \nßƒ°v (AXv)
Inń- b n- s √- ¶ n¬˛ F∂m¬˛
A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\m-
Wv, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
4882
!12! hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ kzImcy kwkmcw
\S-Øp-∂X
- m-bm¬ dkq-ep-ambn F∂m¬ ap¥n-°p-hn≥, ka¿∏n-
°p-hn≥ \nß-fpsS kzImcy `mj-W-Øn\v apºn¬
Hcp Zm\-[¿aw AXv \nßƒ°v DØaw (Kp-Ww) BIp∂p
IqSp-X¬ ip≤-am-bXpw F\n \nßƒ°v In-ń-bn-s√-¶n¬
F∂m¬ A√mlp s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
\_n ˜ -bpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂v ]ecpw ]eXpw tNmZn®pw sIm≠n-cn-

°pw. Iq´-Øn¬ hfsc \n m-cm-h-iy-ßƒ°p-th≠n kabw an\-s°SpØp-
˜
∂-h-cpw, \_n -bpsS hne-tb-dnb kabw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ I¬]n®p
Iqń sN√p∂ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. CXn¬ Hcp \nb-{¥Ww
D≠m-Ip-hm≥th-≠n, \_n b ˜ - psS ASp-°¬ kzIm-cy-kw-km-cØ - n\v sN√p-
∂-h¿ [¿a-hn-j-b-Øn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ Fs¥-¶nepw ka¿∏n-°-W-
sa-∂mWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kwJy C{X-sb∂v \n¿W-bn-°-s∏-
ń-ń-√. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpw, A√m-Ø-h-cpw, \njvI-f-¶cpw A√m-Ø-hcpw
XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn-®d - n-bp-hm-\pw, AtX ka-bØv Zcn-{Z≥am-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°v
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-hm-\pw, kwkm-c-Øn\v sN√p-∂-h-cpsS Dt±-iy-ip-≤n-{]-I-S-
am-Ip-hm-\pw, Ah¿°v -]pWyw e`n-°p-hm-\p-sa√mw CXv DX-Ip-at- √m. km[n-
°m-Øh - ¿ sNtø-≠X - n-s√-∂p-IqSn {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂X
- p-sIm≠v CsXmcp
I¿i-\-amb \n¿_-‘-a-s√∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. áb~°U (F-s¥-¶nepw Zm\-
˜
[¿aw) F∂v ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂v CXv \_n °v th≠n-b-√. km[p-°ƒ°v
-th-≠n-bm-W-sX∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. \_n ˜ Zm\-[¿aw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-
s√∂pw C\map (áj~g)-Iƒ am{Xta kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw {]kn-≤-am-
W-t√m. Cu I¬]\ aptJ\ \nhr-Øn-bm-tI-≠p∂ Imcy-ßƒ Xma-kw-
hn\m \nhr-Ønbm-bn-´ps≠∂pw, AXp-sIm≠v Cu I¬]-\-bn¬ Xma-kn-
bmsX Ab-hp-h-cp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-sb∂pw ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v hy‡-
am-Ipw.
!13! \nß-fpsS cl-ky`m-

j-W-Øn\v apºn¬ h√ Zm\-[¿a-
ßfpw ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v \nßƒ
`b-s∏-´pthm?!
4883
F∂m¬, \nßƒ (A-
Xv) sNøm- X n- c n- ° p- I - b pw,
A√mlp \nßƒ°v am∏v
\¬Ip- I bpw sNbvXn- c n- ° -
bm¬, \nßƒ \a-kv°mcw \ne-
\n-dp-Øp-I-bpw, kImØv sIm
Sp-°p-I-bpw, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw
Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-
cn- ° p- I bpw sNbv X p- s Im- ≈ p-
hn≥. \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-
Xn- s \- ∏ ‰n A√mlp kq£v a -
ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
!13! \nßƒ `b-s∏-´p-thm, \nßƒ°v `b-amtbm

\nßƒ ap¥n-°p(k-a¿∏n-°p)-hm≥ \nß-fpsS kzIm-cy-`m-
j-W-Øn\v apºn¬ h√ Zm\-[¿a-ßfpw F∂m¬ \nßƒ
sNøm-Xn-cn-s°, sNbvXn-ń-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ A√mlp am∏m-°pIbpw
(sN-bvXn-cn-s°) \nß-tfmSv F\n \nßƒ \a-kvImcw
\ne-\n-d-p-Øp-hn≥ k°mØv sImSp-°bpw sNøp-hn≥
A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-kc - n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw
A√mlp kq£v a - a mbn Adn- b p- ∂ - h - \ mWv \nßƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n
Zm\-[¿aw ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h¿°v ap≥ Bb-Øn¬Xs∂

A√mlp Hgnhv \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. Ign-hp-≈-hsc kw_-‘n®nS-tØmfw
Ah¿°v \_n !-bp-ambn kzImcy kwkmcw \StØ≠p∂ Bhiyw t\cn-
Sp-tºmƒ am{Xta Cu {]tXyI Zm\-[¿a-Øns‚ {]iv\w D¬`hn-°p-∂p-ap-
≈q. Hcp ]t£, Nne¿ AXv Xßƒ°v hnj-a-I-c-am-b-Xm-sWt∂m at‰m
`b-s∏´v AXn\v apXn-cm-sX-bpw Ccp-∂n-cn-°mw. º∏YCG ¬∏dG GXm-bmepw Cßs\
Hcp Zm\-[¿aw ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v \_n bpsS ASp-°¬ kzIm-cy-kw-`m- ˜
j-W-Øn\v Bcpw Xøm-dmbn hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. Aß-s\, \_n -bp-am- ˜
bp≈ kzImcy kw`m-jW - Ø
- ns‚ B[nIyw \ne®v Xncp-ta-\n°v sskzcyw
Inń. AXn-\m¬ A√mlp Cu Iev]-\-bn¬ \n∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v
4884
Cu hN\w aptJ\ Hgnhv \¬Ip-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. \a-kvIm-cw, k°mØv
apX-emb \n¿_-‘-I-S-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-hm-\pw, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-
s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-hm\pw {]tXyIw Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aen
(d) am{Xw Cu I¬]\ ]n≥h-en-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Hcn-°¬ Hcp kwJy
[¿a-ambn ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v kzImcy kw`m-jWw \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-
s≠∂pw Nne \nth-Z-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂p≠v. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw.
hn`m-Kw˛ 3
!14! (\-_n-tb) \o t\m°n-
°m-Wp-∂n-t√, A√mlp tIm]n-®n-
´p-≈X
- mb Hcp P\-Xt- bmSv ssa{Xo-
_‘w ÿm]n- ® - h sc?! Ah¿
[B P\X] \nß-fn¬s]-´-h-c-√,
Ah-cn¬ s]´h-cp-a√; Adn-™p-
sIm-≠v(-X-s∂) Ah¿ hymP-Øn-
s‚-t]-cn¬ i]Yw sNøp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
!15! A√mlp Ah¿°v ITn-\-

amb in£ Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
(Im-c-Ww) \n›-b-am-bpw, Ah¿
{]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv
F{Xtbm Zpjn-®-Xm-Wv.
! 16! Xß- f psS kXy- ß sf

Ah¿ Hcp XS- h m- ° n- Ø o¿Øp;
Aß-s\, A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿ (P-\-ß-sf) XS-
™p. AXn-\m¬, Ah¿°v A]-
am-\-I-c-amb in£-bp-≠v.
14! \o I≠nt√ ( t\m°p-∂n-t√) bm-sXmcp Iq´-tccn-

te°v, ssa{Xo-_‘w ÿm]n-®-h-cn-te°v -Hcp P\-X-tbmSv, P\-Xsb
A√mlp tIm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p A-h-tcmSv, Ah-cpsS ta¬ A-h-c-√ -\n-
4885
ß-fn¬s]´ Ah-cn¬ s]´-h-cp-a√ Ah¿ i]Yw ( kXyw ) sNøp-
∂p -hy-mP-(-A-k-Xy)Øns‚ ta¬ Ah¿ , Ah-tcm Adn-™p-
sIm-≠v, Adn-bp∂p Xm\pw !15! A√mlp Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p -A-h¿°v
-ITn\in£ \n-›-b-ambpw Ah¿ hfsc (F-{X-tbm) Zpjn-®Xv
( NoØ , tamiw A-h¿ Bbn-cp-∂-Xv -{]-h¿Øn-°pw !16! Ah¿
B°n ,B°n-Øo¿Øp A-h-cpsS kXy-ßsf, BW-I-sf Hcp adhv (
XS-hv, ]cn-N) -A-ßs\ Ah¿ XS-™p -A-√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ \n∂v A-Xn-\m¬ Ah¿°p≠v -A-]-am-\-I-c-am-b(-\n-µn-°p-∂)
in£
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sf˛ ap\m-^n-Izp-I-sf˛ °pdn-®mWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-

hn-°p-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ im]-tIm-]-Øn\v ]m{X-amb blq-Z-cp-ambn Ah¿
Iq´p-sI-´pw kvt\l-_-‘hpw ]pe¿Øn-t∏m-cp-I-bpw, apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-cmb
KqVm-tem-N-\-bn¬ Ahsc klm-bn-°bpw sNøpw. apkvenwI-tfm-Sp≈ hntZz-
j-a-√msX Ccp-Iq-´-scbpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°p∂ a‰v _‘-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√. Ah¿
blq-Zn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬s]-´-h-cmtWm? A√. F∂m¬ apkvenwI-fmtWm? AXp-
a-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬, A√mlp as‰mcp ÿeØv ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, Atßm-´p-an-
tßm-´p-a-√msX BSn-°-fn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-W-h-¿. ( ’h A’Dƒg ¤G ’ ∂dP ÚHòHòe
A’Dƒg ¤EG) Xßƒ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-sW-∂pw, Ckvemans‚ KpW-Imw-
£n-I-fm-sW∂pw Ah¿ Bh¿Øn®p i]Yw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Xß-fpsS
bYm¿∞-\ne shfn-®-Øm-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Hcp ad-hmbn Ah¿ B
I≈kXy-ßsf D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. am{X-a-√, hmkvX-h-a-dn-bmØ ip≤m-flm-
°-fmb apkvenwIƒ AXp-tI´v h©n-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu I]-S≥am¿°p≈
I\Ø in£-sb-°p-dn®v A√mlp i‡n-bmbn Xm°oXv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
A√mlp XpS-cp∂p:˛
!17! Ah-cpsS kzØp-°-fm-I-

s´, Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ß-fm-I-s´,
Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p(-
≠m-Ip-∂) bmsXm∂pw ]cn-l-cn-
°p- ∂ - t X- b - √ . A°q- ´ ¿, \c- I -
Øns‚ Bƒ°mcm-Ip∂p; Ah-c-
Xn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn°pw
4886
! 18! Ahsc apgp- h \pw
A√mlp Fgp- t ∂¬]n- ° p∂
[]p\cp÷o-hn-∏n-°p∂] Znh-kw,
At∏mƒ, \nß- t fmSv i]Yw
sNøp- ∂ - X p- t ]mse Ah- t \mSpw
Ah¿ i]Yw sNøp- ∂ - X mWv
Xßƒ Hcp Imcy-Øn-em-sW∂v
Ah¿ hnNm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
A√m (˛-A-dn-t™-°p-I:) \n›-b-
ambpw Ah¿ Xs∂ Ifhv ]d-bp-
∂-h¿.
!17! [\y-am-°pI (]-cn-l-kn-°p-I˛ D]-I-cn-°p-I˛ XS-bp-I˛ sFiz-

cy-am-°p-I) C√-Xs∂ Ah¿°v, Ah-cn¬\n∂v Ah-cpsS kzØp-
°ƒ Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ßfpw (a°fpw) C√ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
\n∂v H´pw, H∂n-s\bpw, bmsXm∂pw A°q-´¿ \c-I°m-
cm-Ip∂p Ah¿ AXn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-Wv, imiz-X≥am-cmWv
!18! Ahsc Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p∂ Znhkw A√mlp apgp-h-
\pw, F√m-h-scbpw At∏mƒ Ah¿ i]Yw (k-Xyw) sNøpw Ah-
t\mSv Ah¿ i]Yw sNøp-∂-t]mse \nß-tfmSv Ah¿
IW-°m-°pI (hn-N-m-cn-°p-I)bpw sNøpw \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ (B-Ip-
∂p) F∂v Hcp Imcy-Øn¬, GsX-¶nepw H∂n¬ A√m(A-dn-bp-I)
\n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ Xs∂ hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h¿, Ak-Xy-hm-
Zn-Iƒ
-
Xßƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-sW∂pw a‰pw Cl-Øn¬sh®v Ah¿ I≈-
kXyw sNbvXp ]d-™n-cp-∂X- v t- ]m-se, ]c-tem-IØv A√m-lp-hns‚ apºnepw
Ah¿ I≈-kXyw sNbvtX-°pw. ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v apivcn°p-Ifpw Aßs\
I≈-kXyw sNøp-sa∂v (6: 23 ¬) A√mlp {]kvXm-hn®p ImWmw. Cl-
Øn¬sh®v Xß-fpsS I≈-kXyw aptJ\ Nne Imcy-ß-sf√mw km[n-°p-
hm≥ Ah¿°v Ign-™n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ahn-sS-sh®pw B kXyw Ah¿°v
h√ Imcyhpw t\Sns°m-Sp-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cn°pw Ah-cpsS hnNm-cw. ]t£,
AXpt≠m km[n-°p∂p?! Ah¿ X\n-hym-Ph - m-Zn-If
- m-sW∂ hkvXpX ÿm]n-
°-s∏´p Ign-™n-cn-°-bm-W-t√m.
4887
! 19! ]nimNv Ahsc
Pbn- ® - S °n sh®n- c n- ° - b m- W v .
Aßs\, A√m- l p- h ns‚ Hm¿a
Ahsc Ah≥ ad-∏n®p If-™n-
cn-°p-∂p.
A°q-´¿ ]nim-Nns‚ I£n-
b-s{X. A√m (˛-A-dnt™°p-I)!
\n›-b-ambpw ]nim-Nns‚ I£n-
X-s∂-bmWv \jvS-°m¿.
!20! \n›-b-am-bpw, A√m-lp-

hn-t\mSpw, Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw
a¬kcw \S- Ø p- ∂ - h ¿, Ah¿
G‰hpw \nµy≥am-cpsS Iq´-Øn-em-
bn-cn-°pw.
!21! A√mlp tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

sh- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p, \n›- b - a mbpw
Rm\pw Fs‚ dkq-ep-Ifpw Xs∂
hnP- b w- t \Spw F∂v . \n›- b -
ambpw, A√mlp, i‡\pw {]Xm-
]-im-en-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
! 19! Ah- c n¬ A[n- I mcw \S- Ø n, Pbn- ® - S - ° n- s h®p

]nimNv F∂n-´-h≥ Ahsc ad-∏n-®p, hnkva-cn-∏n®p A√m-
lp-hns‚ Hm¿a, kvacW A°q-´¿ ]nim-Nns‚ I£n-bm-
Wv, kwL-amWv A√m (A-dn-t™-°p-I) \n›-b-ambpw
]nim-Nns‚ I£n Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv \jvS-s∏-´-h¿ !20!
\n›-b-ambpw bmsXmcp Iq´¿ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv (I-£n) a’cw
\S-Øp∂ Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw A°q-´¿ G‰w \n mc
(\n-µy)-am-b-h-cn-em-bn-cn°pw !21! A√mlp FgpXn (tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn)
sh®n-cn-°p∂p \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ Pbn°pw Rm≥ Xs∂
4888
Fs‚ dkq-ep-Ifpw \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp i‡-\m-Wv, Du°-
\mWv {]Xm-]-im-en-bmWv
Rm\pw Fs‚ dkq-ep-Ifpw Xs∂-bmWv hnP-bn-°pI F∂ Imcyw
A√mlp aptº \n›-bn®p tcJ-s∏-SpØn sh®-Xm-Wv. AXn¬ am‰-an√ F∂v
kmcw. kq: kzm^v^mØv 171 ˛ 173 Dw hnh-c-Whpw t\m°p-I. ]nim-Nns‚
I£n-sb-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-®-tijw, A√m-lp-hns‚ I£n-bpsS kz`m-hhpw
t\´ßfpw hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
! 22! A√m- l p- h n- e pw,
A¥y-Zn-\-Ønepw hniz-kn-°p∂
Hcp P\- X , A√m- l p- h n- t \mSpw
Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw a¬kcw
ImWn- ° p- ∂ - h - c p- a mbn kv t \l-
_‘w ]pe¿Øp- ∂ - X mbn \o
Is≠- Ø p- I - b n√; Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS ]nXm-°tfm ]p{X≥am-tcm,
ktlm- Z - c - ß - t fm, _‘p- I p- S pw-
_tam Bbn-cp-∂mepw icn.
(A-ß-s\-bp-≈) A°q-´-
cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Ah≥ kXy-
hn-izmkw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-®n-cn-
°p∂p; Ahs‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈
Hcp Bflm- h p- s Im≠v Ah≥
Ahsc _e- s ∏- S p- Ø p- I bpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
Xmgv`m-K-Øn-eqsS Acp-hn-
Iƒ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kz¿K-
ß-fn¬ ˛A-Xn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-
fmb \ne-bn¬˛ Ah≥ Ahsc
{]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
A√mlp Ah-sc-°p-dn®v Xr]vXn-

s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p; Ah¿ Ah-s\-°p-
dn®pw Xr]vXn-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
4889
A°q-´¿, A√m-lp-hns‚
I£n- b - s {X. A√m(- ˛ - A - d n- t ™-
°pI;) \n›-b -a mbpw A√m-l p-
hns‚ I£n-X-s∂-bmWv hnP-bn-
Iƒ.
!22! \o Is≠-Øp-I-bn√ Hcp P\-Xsb hniz-kn-°p∂

A√m-lp-hn¬ A¥y-\m-fnepw Ah¿ kvt\l-_‘w
(Xm¬]-cyw) ]pe¿Øp∂ (Im-Wn-°p-∂)-Xmbn a¬kcw ImWn-°p-∂-
h-cp-ambn A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw Ah¿
Bbn-cp-∂mepw Xß-fpsS ]nXm-°ƒ As√-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS
]p{X≥am¿ As√-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c≥am¿ As√-
¶n¬ Xß-fpsS _‘p (Ip-Spw-_w) A°q-´¿ Ah≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw
Ahsc _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p Hcp Bflmhv (Po-h≥)-
sIm≠v Ahs‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈ Ah≥ Ahsc {]th-in-∏n-°bpw
sNøpw Nne kz¿K-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ ASn-bn¬IqSn Hgp-
Ip∂ Acp-hn-Iƒ -A-Xn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬
A√mlp Xr]vXn (s]m-cp-Ø)-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p Ah-sc-∏‰n
Ahcpw Xr]vXn-s∏´p - A-h-s\-∏‰n A°q-´¿ A√m-lp-hns‚
I£n-bmWv A√m (A-dn-t™-°p-I) \n›-b-ambpw A√m-lp-
hns‚ I£n Ah¿ Xs∂ hnP-bn-Iƒ
A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-s‚bpw FXn¿I-£n-I-fpw, i{Xp-°-fp-ambn
\ne-s°m-≈p-∂-h-tcm-Sv˛ Ah¿ F{X ASpØ _‘p-°-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn˛
kvt\l-_‘w ]pe¿Øp-hm≥ bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb Bfp-Iƒ°v
km[y-a-√. Cß-s\-bp≈ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS hnizm-k-am-bn-cn°pw lrZ-b-Øn¬
thcp-d® AN-©e - a
- mb hnizm-kw. Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v Hcp {]tXyI
ssNX-\yhpw Bflo-b-i-‡nbpw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-
t∏mse Ch-cpsS hnizmkw Hcn-°epw BSn-°-fn-°p-I-tbm, A\y¿°v hg-
ßn-s°m-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-X-√. ]co-£-W-L-´-ß-fn¬ AXv ]X-dn-t∏m-Ip-
∂-Xp-a-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ I£n-bp-sS-bpw, ]nim-Nns‚ I£n-bp-sSbpw hnizm-
k-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-am-W-Xv.
4890
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n sb-°p-dn®v ]gn-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-tI´v kln-
°-hø- msX Hcn-°¬ A_q-_I - v¿ (d) Xs‚ ]nXm-hmb A_q-Izplm^x (d)sb
Xń-X-≈p-Ibpw At±lw adn-™p-ho-gp-Ibpw D≠m-bn. A∂v A_q-Izp-lm^x
(d) hniz-kn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬ Xm\p-ambn G‰p-ap-ńb kz]n-
Xm-hns\ A_q-D-ss_Zx (d) sIme-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. CsX√mw Ah-cpsS
lrZb-Øn¬ IpSn-sIm-≠n-cp∂ hnizm-k-i-‡n-bpsS _ln¿K-a-\-a-s{X. _Zv¿
bp≤-Øn¬ Nnd-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´-h-cn¬ F¥v \S-]-Sn-bmWv FSp-t°-≠sX∂v \_n
˜ kzlm-_n-I-fp-ambn Btem-N\ \S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ, Ahsc \n¿±bw sIm√-
W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Da¿ (d) A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. CXpw At±-l-Øns‚ ASn-bp-
d® kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ hnIm-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Ahn-izm-kn-I-
fm-bn-cp-∂m¬ t]mepw Ah-tcmSv \√-\n-e°v kl-h-kn-°-W-sa-∂pw, i{Xp-]-
£-Øp-≈-h-tcmSv \√ \ne-bn¬ h¿Øn-°-W-sa∂pw A√m-lphpw dkqepw
Bh¿Øn®p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXpw ta¬I-≠-Xp-t]m-ep≈ kw`-h-ßfpw
]c-kv]c hncp-≤a - √
- , c≠n-s‚bpw ÿm\w hyXy-kvXa - m-sW∂v am{Xw. ASpØ
c≠m-asØ A≤ym-b-amb kq: apwX-l\x-bn¬ CXv kw_-‘n®v IqSp-X¬
hnhcw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿G
"A√mlp Ah-sc-°p-dn-®pw, Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw Xr]vXn-

s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw CXmWv: \njvI-f-¶-hpw, AP-
ø-hp-amb Ah-cp-sS hnizm-k-i-‡n-bpw, XZ-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS Pohn-
X-{I-ahpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn°v Ahsc ]m{X-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-
lp-hns‚ hn[n hne-°p-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn-epw, Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v
e`n-°p∂ hºn® {]Xn-^-e-ß-fnepw Ahcpw XnI®pw kwXr-]vX-cm-bn-cn-°pw.
º∏YCG ¬∏dGh
4891
`mKw 28 ô°û◊G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 59 liv¿
4892
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ô°û◊G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
59. kqdXp¬ liv¿

aZo\xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 24 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv) 3
"A¬liv¿'(Xp-c-Øn-hn-S¬ AYhm \mSp-I-S-Ø¬) F∂ t]cn¬

Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse {][m-\-hn-jbw "_\q-\-Zzo¿'F∂
blqZn tKm{X-hpw, Ahsc aZo-\x-bn¬\n∂v \mSp-I-S-Øn-hn´ kw`-h-hp-am-
Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v˛ Camw _pJmco (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-t]m-se˛ Cu
kqd-Øn-\v˛"kqd-Øp-∂-Zzo¿' F∂pw C_v\p A∫mkv (d) t]cv ]d-™n-cn-
°p-∂p.
aZo-\m-]c
- n-kc
- ß
- f
- n¬ hkn-®n-cp∂ c≠v blqZn tKm{X-ßf - m-bn-cp∂p
"IzpssdZzx'bpw"\Zzodpw'.C u c≠v tKm{Xßfpambpw \_n ˜ kam[m\-
kJyw ÿm]n-®n-cp-∂p. ]t£, hnizm-kh - ©
- \
- b
- pw, NXnbpw Ah-cpsS {]Ir-
Xn-bmbn amdn-bn-cp-∂p. J≥ZIzv bp≤-Øn¬ apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-cn¬ IzpssdZzx
tKm{Xw Izpssd-in-Isf klm-bn-®p. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v \_n Ah-cpsS ˜
t\¿°v ]S-sb-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu hnhcw kq: Alvkm-_n¬ hnh-cn-°-
s∏-ń-´p-≠-t√m. \Zzo¿ tKm{Xhpw DS-º-Sn-s°-Xn-cmb ]e h©-\-Ifpw \S-
Øn. Ah- c psS Hcp t\Xm- h m- b n- c p∂ IAv_p_v\p¬ Aivd^v
˜
(±ô°TC’G øH Ö©c) Hcp Ihn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ \_n -sbbpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-
I-sfbpw ]gn-®p-sIm≠v Ihn-X-Iƒ cNn®p {]N-cn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, Ah¿s°-Xn-
cmbn Izpssd-in-Isf Cf°n hnSp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. IAv_ns\-s°m≠v
s]mdp-Xn-ap-ń-b-t∏mƒ, \_n ˜ Ahs\ D]m-b-Øn¬ sIme-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥
G¿∏mSv sNbvI-bp-≠m-bn.
Hcn-°¬ \_n Xncp-ta\n bpw Nne kzlm-_n-Ifpw IqSn Ah- ˜

cpsS hmk-ÿ-eØv sN∂n-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬, Hcp sIń-S-Øn-s‚ apI-
fn¬ hºn® Hcp ]md-°-√p-ambn ImØn-cp∂p \_n Xmsg \S-∂p-t]m- ˜
4893
Ip∂ X°w-t\m°n Xe-bv°n-Sp-hm≥ Ah¿ KqV-ambn i´w-sI-ń. A√mlp
Xncp-ta-\n°v Cu hnhcw hlvbv aqew Adn-bn-®p. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ Ah-
cpsS NXn-bn¬s]-SmsX c£-s∏-´p. A\-¥cw Xncp-ta\n Hcp ssk\yw Xøm-
dm-°n. \Zzo¿ tKm{X-tØmSv aZo-\x hn´p t]mbn-s°m-≈-W-sa∂v Bƒ aptJ\
Adn-bn-®p. "AXn-s\-°mƒ t`Zw acn-°p-I-bmWv' F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS adp-
]-Sn. I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p D_øpw
Ahs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw Ah-kcw ]mgm-°n-bn-√. Ah¿ blq-Zn-Isf kao-
]n®p bp≤-Øn\v t{]cn-∏n-®p. "\mSp-hn´v Hcn-°epw t]mI-cpXv; th≠n-h-∂m¬
Rßfpw \nß-fp-sS-IqsS t]m∂p-sIm≈mw; apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-cn¬ bp≤w
sNbvXp Rßƒ \nßsf klm-bn°pw' Fs∂√mw Ah¿ Xń-hn-´p. Aßs\
blq-Zn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS i‡-amb tIm´-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ AS-®n-cp-∂p. \_n bpw ˜
ssk\yhpw Ccp-]-sØm∂v Znhkw tIm´ D]-tcm[w sNbvXp. tIm´-bn¬\n∂v
shfn-°p-h-cp-hm≥ Ahsc \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-°p-amdv tIm´°v shfn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-
cp∂ Ah-cpsS Ipsd CuØ-∏-\-Iƒ apkvenwIƒ apdn-®p-ho-gvØn. I]-S-hn-
izm-kn-I-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂v bmsXmcp klm-bhpw Ah¿°v e`n-®-Xp-an-√.
F√mw-IqSn blq-Zn-Iƒ°v A√mlp òXn Df-hm-°n. HSp°w Ah¿ k‘n-°-
t]-£n-®p. Xncp-ta\n B At]£ \nc-kn-°p-Ibpw \mSp-hn-SpI Xs∂ thW-
sa∂v \n¿_-‘n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hmtcm apΩq∂v ho´p-Im¿°pw Hcp H´-I-∏p-dØv sIm≠p-t]m-Im-hp∂

ho´p-km-[-\-ßƒ kln-Xw, bm-sXmcp bp≤-km-a-{Kn-Ifpw IqSmsX IS-∂p-t]m-
˜
I-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p \_n -bpsS I¬]-\. Aßs\ Ign-bp-∂{X km[-\-
ßƒ IqsS FSp-Øp-sIm-≠pw, apkvenwIƒ°v e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\mbn Ign-
bp-∂n-S-tØmfw km[-\-ßƒ kz¥w ssII-fm¬ \in-∏n-®p-sIm≠pw Ah¿
Iq´-tØmsS ÿew-hn-´p. Ah-cn¬ c≠v IpSpw-_-ß-sfm-gn®v _m°n-bp-≈-h¿
iman-te°v (kn-cn-b-bn-te-°v) \oßn. Aco-lm, AZvcnBØv (äÉYQPG ,ÉëjQG)
F∂n-hnSßfn¬ Xma-k-am-°n. c≠v IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ H∂v ssJ_-dn-te-°pw,
at‰Xv lodx-bn-te-°p-amWv amdn-Øm-a-kn-®-Xv. AºXv ]S-A-¶n-I-fpw, AºXv
]S-sØm-∏n-Ifpw AS-ßp∂ Ipsd bp≤-km-a-{Kn-I-fpw, Ah¿ hnt´-®p-t]mb
˜
a‰v kzØp-°fpw \_n °v A[o-\-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. IqSp-X¬ hnhcw
kqd-Øn¬sh®v ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
"Xkv_o-ln's‚ hmN-Iw-sIm≠v Bcw-`n-°p∂ c≠m-asØ kqd-Øm-Wn-

Xv. H∂m-a-sØ-Xmb kqd-Øp¬lZo-Zns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn® Imcy-
ßƒ Chn-sS-bpw, CXp-t]mse Xmsg hcp∂ kqd-Øp-I-fnepw kvac-Wo-b-a-
s{X. F√m kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø-\-ßƒ°pw A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ A¿l-Xsb DZm-
l-cn-°p-∂X- m-bn-cn°pw XpS¿∂p≈ Bb-Øp-If
- nse {]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-jb
- ß
- s
- f∂v
ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
4894
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-
[n- b p- a mb A√m- l p- h ns‚ \ma-
Øn¬.
! 1!
! BIm- i - ß - f n- e p- ≈ - X pw,
`qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw (F√mw Xs∂)
A√m-lp-hn\v kvtXm{X Io¿Ø\w
sNøp- ∂ p. Ah≥ AKm- [ - ⁄ -
\mb {]Xm-]-im-en-bm-bp-≈-h-\-
s{X.
!2!! thZ-°m-cn¬ \n∂v Ahn-iz-
kn-®-hsc H∂m-asØ Xpc-Ø-en¬
Xß-fpsS hmk-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬\n∂v
]pd-Øm-°n-b-h-\mWv Ah≥.
Ah¿ ]pd- Ø p- t ]m- I p- s a∂v

\nßƒ [cn-®n-√. Xß-fpsS tIm´-
Iƒ Xßsf A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v
(X-Sp-Øp) c£n-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v
Ah¿ [cn- ° bpw sNbvXp.
F∂m¬, Ah¿ IW-°m-°m-Ø-
hn-[Ø
- n¬IqSn A√mlp Ah-cpsS
ASp-°¬ sN∂p; Ah-cpsS lrZ-
b-ß-fn¬ Ah≥ òXn Ct´-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xß- f psS hoSp- I sf Ah¿,
Xß-fpsS ssII-fm¬ \in-∏n-®n-
cp∂p; kXy- h n- i zm- k n- I - f psS
ssII-fmepw (\-in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p).
At∏mƒ˛ ImgvNb- p≈ Bfp-It- f˛
\nßƒ D‰m- t em- N n®p t\m°p-
hn≥!
!1! A√m-lp-hn\v kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp∂p BIm-

i-Øn-ep-≈h `qan-bn-ep-≈-hbpw Ah≥ {]Xm-]-im-en-
bs{X AKm-[-⁄-\m-b, bp‡n-am-\mb !2! Ah≥ ]pd-
4895
Øm-°n-bh
- \
- mWv Ahn-iz-kn-®h
- sc thZ-°m-cn¬ \n∂v
Ah-cpsS hmk-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂v H∂m-asØ Xpc-Ø-
en¬, \mSp-I-S-Ø-en-\p-th≠n \nßƒ [cn-®n√ Ah¿ ]pd-
Øp-t]m-Ip-sa∂v Ah¿ [cn-°bpw sNbvXp \n›-b-ambpw Ah-cm-
sW∂v Ahsc XS-bp∂ (c-£n-°p-∂)-Xm-sW∂v Ah-cpsS
tIm´-Iƒ A√mlp-hn¬ \n∂v F∂m¬ A√mlp Ah-cpsS
ASp-°¬ sN∂p hn[-Øn¬ IqSn, hnt[\ Ah¿ hnNm-cn-
°m-Ø, IW-°m-°mØ Ah≥ CSp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ah-cpsS
lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ òXn, t]Sn Ah¿ tISph-cpØn (\m-i-s∏SpØn,
iq\y-am-°n)bncp∂p Xß-fpsS hoSp-Isf Xß-fpsS ssII-fm¬
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ssII-fmepw At∏mƒ (A-Xn-\m¬)
D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-hn≥, Nn¥n-°p-hn≥ ImgvN-Iƒ (IÆpIƒ) D≈-htc
apºv ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, \Zzo¿ tKm{X-°m-cmb blq-Zn-Isf \mSp-I-S-

Ønb kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂m-asØ
Xpc-Øn-hn-S¬ (ôr°ûn◊G ∫shGC ) F∂v ]d™Xn¬\n∂v Ahsc Xpc-Øn-hn-Sp∂ kw`hw
CXp-Iq-SmsX thsdbpw D≠m-Ip-sa∂v [z\n-°p-∂p-h-t√m. AsX, Ah-cp-sS A{I-
a-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ho≠pw Ah¿ XpS¿∂v h∂-Xp-sIm≠v Da¿ (d)s‚ Jnem-^-
Øp-Im-eØv ssJ_-dn¬\n∂v c≠m-aXpw Ah¿ ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn.
Xß-fpsS i‡-amb tIm´-I-fn¬ AS-®n-cp-∂m¬ apkvenwIƒ°v
Ahsc ]pd-Øn-d-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-s√∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xn. km[m-c-W-\n-e°v
t\m°p- t ºmƒ, Ah¿ kzbw ]pd- Ø n- d - ß p- s a∂v hnNm- c n- ° p- h m≥
apkvenwIƒ°pw hgn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, A√mlp Ah-cpsS a\- n¬
òXn-\n-d-®p. Xßƒ Hgn®p t]mtI-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v I≠-t∏mƒ, apkvenwIƒ°v
Hgn™p sImSp-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂ Xß-fpsS hkvXp-°ƒ Ign-hXpw \jvS-
s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂ Dt±-iy-tØm-sS, Ah-cpsS hoSp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Ic-ßƒsIm-
≠p-Xs∂ Ah¿\in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ shfn-°p-h-cm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-tI-≠-
Xn-\p-th≠n apkvenwI-fpw Ipsd \in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. AXmWv A√mlp Cu hN-
\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-Xv. tIhew FXn¿h-i-Øp≈ ]´m-f-i-‡n-tbm, Bbp-
[-_-etam sIm≠√ C{Xbpw Zb-\ob \ne-bn¬ Ah¿ FØn-t®¿∂-sX∂v
hy‡-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, ImgvNbpw a\- m-£n-bp-ap-≈-h¿s°√mw CXn¬
Nn¥n-°p-hm\pw ]mT-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw hI-bnt√?! Xo¿®-bmbpw D≠.v
Atd-_y-bn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]e {]hm-N-I≥am-cmepw {]h-N\w sNø-
s∏-ń-cp∂ {]hm-N-Is‚ hchpw {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠v iX°W-°mb h¿j-
4896
ß-fmbn bYvcn_n¬ (a-Zo-\xbn¬) h∂v IpSn-tb-dn-∏m¿Øn-cp-∂-h-cmWv Ahn-
SsØ blq-Zn-Iƒ. ]t£, B {]hm-N-I≥ {]Xy-£-s∏´p Ign-™-t∏mƒ,
At±lw Xß-fpsS h¿K-Øn¬˛ CkvdmCu-ey-cn¬˛ s]´ Bf-√m-Ø-Xn-\m-
epw, Nnc-Im-e-ambn Xß-fn¬ aqSp-d®p Ign™ ]e Zpjn® ]mc-º-cy-ß-sfbpw
At±lw A\p-Iq-en-°m-Ø-Xn-\mepw At±-l-tØmSv Ah¿ Akq-bbpw i{Xp-
Xbpw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. aqkm \_n (A)-bpsS Imew apX¬
CXp-h-tc-°p-ap≈ Ah-cpsS Ncn-{Xhpw k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw t\m°p-tºmƒ, Ah-
c-hnsS \nh-kn-°p∂ Ime-tØmfw Ckveman\v AhnsS sskzc-hn-lmcw
sIm≈p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√ F∂v A√m-lp-hn\v Adn-bmw. AXp-sIm≠v Ahsc
AhnsS \n∂v Xpc-Øn-hnSphm≥ A√mlp \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXv \S-
∏n¬ hcp-Øp-I-bm-Ws{X Ct∏mƒ sNbvX-Xv. Ckvemans‚ a‰v i{Xp-°-tfmSv
ImWn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ I¿i\w Ch-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥
AXmWv Imc-Ww. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p;˛
!3!! (Cu) \mSp-I-S-∂p-t]m-I¬
Ah-cpsS ta¬ A√mlp (hn-[n-®v)
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n-
epw, Cl- Ø n¬ sh®v Ahsc
Ah≥ (a-‰p-hn-t[-\) in£n-°p-I-
Xs∂ sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-tem-I-
Øn¬ \c-I-in-£bpw Ah¿°p-
≠v.
! 4!
! AXv A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Spw,
Ahs‚ dkq- e n- t \mSpw Ah¿
I£n-]n-Sn(®p a¬k-cn)-®-Xp-sIm-
≠m-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Bsc-
¶nepw I£n-]n-Sn(®p a¬k-cn)-°p-
∂-Xm-bm¬, \n›-b-ambpw A√m
lp ITn-\-ambn in£m-\-S-]-Sn-sb-
Sp-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv.
! 5!! (k- X y- h n- i zm- k n- I - t f)
\nßƒ CuØ-∏-\-bn¬ \n∂v (h-√-
Xpw) apdn- ° p- I - t bm, As√- ¶ n¬
Ahsb Ah-bpsS apc-Sp-If - n¬ \ne-
sIm- ≈ p- ∂ - X mbn hnt´- ° p- I tbm
sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ kΩ-
X-{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p; (B) tXm∂n-b-
hm-kn-Isf A]-am-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥
th≠nbpw BIp-∂p.
4897
!3! Cs√-¶n-epw, C√m-Xn-cp-∂mepw Fgp-Xn-sh-°¬, tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Ø¬, \nb-an-°¬ A√mlp Ah-cpsS ta¬ \mSp-hn-S¬, shfn-
°p-t]m-I¬, IS-∂p-t]m°v Ahsc in£n-°pI Xs∂ sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p
Cl-Øn¬ Ah¿°p≠v Xm\pw ]c-tem-IØ
- n¬
\c-I-in£ !4! AXv Ah¿ tNcn-Xn-cn-™-Xv- (I-£n-]n-Sn-®-Xv˛
a¬k-cn-®-Xv)-sIm-≠mWv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Bsc-¶nepw tNcn (I-£n) ]nSn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬
F∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp {]Xn-Imcw (in-£m-\-S-]-
Sn) ITn-\-am-b-h-\mWv !5! \nßƒ apdn-®-Xv,- \n-ßƒ apdn-®m¬
h√ CuØ-∏-\bpw As√-¶n¬ \nß-f-Xns\ hnt´-®mepw
\n¬°p∂ \ne-bn¬, \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xmbn Ah-bpsS apc-Sp-I-
fn≥ta¬ F∂m-eXv A√m-lp-hns‚ kΩ-X-{]-Im-c-amWv A]-
am-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\pw, hj-fm-°p-hm\pw tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-sf, Zp¿÷-
\-ßsf
B blq-Zn-I-fpsS tIm´ D]-tcm[w sNbvXn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ, shfn-bn-ep≈ Ah-
cpsS CuØ-∏-\-Iƒ Ipsd-ap-dn®v \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ \_n ˜ I¬]n-°p-I-bp-
≠m-bn. CXv km[m-c-W-\n-e°v Hcp \√ hg-°-a-√-t√m. i{Xp-°-fpsS ac-ßƒ
apdn®v \in-∏n-°p-I, I∂p-Im-en-Isf sIm∂v \in-∏n-°pI apX-emb Imcy-
ßƒ \_n ˜ hntcm-[n-°m-dp-≈-Xp-am-Wv. blq-Zn-Iƒ CXn-s\-∏‰n A]-e-]n-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. BI-bm¬, apkvenwI-fn¬ Xs∂ Nne¿°v AkpJw
tXm∂p-I-bp-≠m-bn. apdn-°p-∂Xv hntcm-[-an-s√-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v apgp-h≥
\in-∏n-®p-IqSm F∂pw Nne¿°v tXm∂n-b-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. B {]tXyI
]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ AXv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, AXn\v A√mlp \_n
˜ °v kΩXw sImSp-Øn-´p-s≠∂pw A√mlp hy‡-am-°p-∂p. blq-Zn-Isf
A]-am-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ahsc tIm´bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-h∂p Iosgm-Xp-
ßp-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-I-bp-am-Wt√m AXns‚ e£yw.
! 6!
! Ah- c n¬\n∂v A√mlp
Xs‚ dkq- e n\v ssIh- c pØn
(ss^B°n)-s°m-Sp-ØXv Ft¥m
(A-Xv), AXn-\mbn \nßƒ IpXn-
c-I-sf-tbm, (H-´-I) hml-\-ßtfm
Hm´p-I-bp-≠m-bn-ń-√.
4898
F¶n-epw, A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-
∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah≥ Xs‚ dkq-
ep- I sf A[n- I m- c - s ∏- S p- Ø p- ∂ p.
A√mlp F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-
hp-≈-h-\m-Wv.
6! aS- ° n- s b- S p- Ø p- s Im- S p- Ø - X v , ssIh- c pØn sImSp- Ø - X v ,

ss^B°nbXv A√mlp Xs‚ dkq-en\v Ah-cn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ Hmń-bn-ń-√, HmSn-®n-ń√ AXn-\v, AXns‚ t]cn¬
IpXn-c-I-fn¬\n∂v hml-\-ß-fn¬ (H-´-I-ß-fn¬) \n∂p-an√
F¶nepw A√mlp Ah≥ A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p Ahs‚ dkq-ep-
Isf Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬ A√mlp
F√m Imcy-Øn∂pw Ign-bp-∂-h-\mWv
_\q-\-Zzo¿ Hgn-®p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ hnt´-®p-t]mb kzØp-°-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-
bp-∂-Xv. CXpw K\o-aØp( ánª«pæZn ) kzØp-°fpw XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠v. IpXn-
c-∏-Sbpw H´-I-∏-Sbpw CXn-\mbn Hmt´-≠n-h-∂n-ń-√. AYhm i{Xp-°-fp-ambn
G‰p-ap-´-epw, ]S-sh-épw IqSmsX A√mlp Ahs‚ dkq-en\v ssIh-cp-Øn-
s°m-Sp-Ø-XmWv Cu kzØv. K\o-a-Øp-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂Xv bp≤w \nan-Ø-am-b-
Xp-sIm≠v AXv ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ `mKn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXv ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ°n-
˜
S-bn¬ `mKn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. CXv \_n -bpsS Bh-iy-ßƒ°v hn\n-tbm-Kn-
°p-hm-\p-≈-XmWv F∂v kmcw. Cßs\ e`n-°p∂ kzØp-°ƒ "ss^Dv'
(År«nØrdG) F∂-t]-cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. "ss^Dv' kzØp-°-fn¬\n∂v \evI-s∏-tS-
≠-h¿ Bscm-s°-bm-sW∂v ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p;
!7!
! (F-∂p-sh-®m¬) A√mlp
Ahs‚ dkq- e n\v cmPy- ° m-
cn¬\n∂v ssIh-cpØn (ss^B
°n)s°mSp- Ø - s Xt¥m (A- X v ) ,
A√m- l p- h n- \ pw, dkq- e n- \ pw,
ASpØ IpSpw- _ - ß ƒ, A\m- Y -
Iƒ, km[p- ° ƒ, hgn- t ]m- ° ¿
F∂n-h¿°pw D≈-Xm-Ip∂p;˛
4899
\nß-fn¬ \n-∂p≈ [\n-I≥
am¿°n-S-bn¬ ssIam-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-
Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bs{X (A-
Xv). dkq¬ \nßƒ°v (sIm-≠v)
X∂-sXt¥m AXv \nßƒ kzoI-
cn-®p-sIm-≈pI-. At±lw \nß-
tfmSv F¥n-s\-°p-dn®p hntcm-[n-
®pthm (A-Xn¬\n-∂v) hnc-an-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-I.
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-
°p- I bpw sNøp- h n≥. \n›- b -
ambpw A√mlp in£m- \ - S - ] Sn
ITn-\-am-b-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
7! A√mlp "ss^DvB°n' (ssI-hc

- p-Øn)-s°m-Sp-ØXv Ft¥m
Xs‚ dkq-en\v cmPy-°m-cn¬ (\m-´p-Im-cn¬)-\n∂v
(A-Xv) A√m-lp-hn-\mWv dkq-en\pw ASpØ IpSpw-_-
Øn\pw A\m-Y-Iƒ°pw km[p-°ƒ°pw hgn-t]m-
°\pw AXm-hm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°(-ssI-am‰w
sNø)-s∏-Sp-∂Xv [\n-I≥am¿°n-Sb
- n¬ \nß-fn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ°v F¥v \¬In-tbm, sIm≠p-X-∂pthm dkq¬ AXv
\nßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-hn≥ At±lw \nß-tfmSv GsXm-∂n-s\-°p-
dn®v hntcm-[n-®pthm, hne-°ntbm At∏mƒ \nßƒ hnc-an-°p-hn≥
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ \n›-b-ambpw
A√mlp {]Xn-Imc (in-£) \S-]-Sn-I-Tn-\-am-b-h-\mWv
˜
_\q-\-Zzo-dn¬\n∂v A√mlp dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n °v ssIh-cp-Øn-
s°m-Sp-Ø-t]mse, F\n taenepw h√ \m´p-Im-cn¬\n∂pw e`n-t®-°p∂ F√m
ss^DIfpw dkq-en-\pw, Ahn-SpsØ ASpØ IpSpw-_w, A\m-Y-Iƒ, km[p-
°ƒ, hgn-t]m-°¿ (\n-cm-ew-_-cmb bm{X-°m¿) F∂n-h¿°pw D≈-Xm-Wv.
A√m-lp-hn\pw( ¬q∏pd) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw A√m-lp-hn\pw Hcp
Hmlcn thW-sa-∂-√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ B kzØv A√m-lp-hn-s‚-Xm-Wv, AXp-
sIm≠v Ah≥ \nb-an-°p∂{]Imcw ssIImcyw sNtø-≠-XmWv F∂ kqN-
\-bs{X AXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv."A√m-lp-hn\pw'F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚
Dt±-iyw, ta¬ {]kvXm-hn® A©p-Iq-´¿°v \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-]p-dsa Bdm-
4900
a-sXm-cp -`mKw IqSn {]tXyIw \o°n-sh-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂pw, B Hml-cn˛ A√m-
lp-hns‚ Hml-cn˛ s]mXp-hn-j-b-Øn¬ Nne-hm-°p-hm-\p-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Nne¿
A`n-{]m-bs - ∏-ń-´p-≠v. ]t£, ]e sXfn-hp-If
- p-sSbpw ]n≥_-ea
- p-≈X
- pw, s]mXp-
hn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂Xpw BZyw ]d-™-Xm-Wv.
"K\o-aØvkzØp-°ƒ' A©v `mK-ambn `mKn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X

- pw, AXn¬
\mep-`m-Khpw bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-h¿°v hoXn-®psImSp°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
_m°n-bp≈ A©n-sem∂v am{X-am-bn-cn°pw ta¬{]-kvXm-hn® A©p-Iq-´¿°v˛
dkq-en-\pw, IpSpw-_-Øn-\pw, A\m-Y-Iƒ°pw, km[p-°ƒ°pw hgn-t]m-
°¿°pw-IqSn ˛\¬Is∏-Sp-I. "ss^Dv'kzØp-°-fm-I-s´, B A©p-Iq-´¿°v
am{X-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. \Zzo¿ tKm{X-Øn¬\n∂v e`n® "ss^Dv' kzØp-°-fn¬\n∂v
˜
\_n Ahn-SpsØ ho´p-Im-cpsS Hcp sIm√sØ `£-W-Øn-\p≈ hI
FSpØp hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bpw, bp≤-km-a-{Kn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Nne-h-gn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. (_p. ap.) "ASpØ IpSpw_w' sIm≠p-t±iyw kIm-Øns‚
C\-Øn¬\n∂v Awiw \¬I-s∏-SmØ \_n bpsS ASpØ _‘p-°-f- ˜
s{X. Cu Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ P\-ß-fpsS Agp-°p-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv."AXv apl-Ω-Zn-
\pw, apl-Ω-Zns‚ IpSpw-_-Øn\pw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√'.F∂v Xncp-ta\n Acp-
fn-s®-bvXn-´p-≠v. (_p; ap.) AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v ss^C¬ {]tXyIw Ah-
˜
Imiw \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \_n -bpsS Ime-tijw AhnSpsØ
F√m kzØp-°-fp-sa-∂-t]m-se, ss^Cs‚ Ah-Im-ihpw s]mXp `WvUm-c-
Øn-te°v (ss_-Øp¬ amen-te-°v) \oßp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. "Rßƒ˛ \_n-am¿˛
A\-¥-cm-h-Imiw FSp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-c√. Rßƒ hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-sX√mw [¿aam-
˜
Ip∂p' F∂pw \_n -bpsS Hcp lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. (Zm) A_q-_-Iv¿
(d)s‚ Jnem-^-Øp-Im-eØv Cu \nbaw \S-∏n¬ hcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw D≠m-
bn.
˜
"ss^Dv' kzØp-°ƒ \_n °pw XpS¿∂p ]d™ \mev Iq´¿°p-
ap-≈-Xm-sW-∂pw, a‰p-≈-h¿°v AXn¬ Ah-Im-i-an-s√∂pw \n›-bn-®-Xn\v
A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-Wn® ImcWw hfsc {][m-\s - ∏´ Hcp CkvemanI kn≤m-
¥-sØ-bmWv hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. AsX, [\w [\n-I≥am-cp-sS CS-bn¬ am{Xw
ssIam-ds∏Sp∂ Hcp hkvXp Bbn-°q-Sm. AXn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Aßs\ \n›-
bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. (pAÉn«æp Zr ÉC dr G ø
n «r Hn ák dn hoO ¿
n ƒoµjn ’
n »
r c
n ) (kzØv kºm-Zn-°p-hm-\pw, hn\n-
tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ Ah-k-chpw kuI-cyhpw [\n-I≥am¿°m-Wt√m IqSp-
X-ep-≠m-hp-I. K\o-aØv kzØp-°ƒ `mKn-°p-tºmgpw Xmc-X-tay\ Ah¿°m-
bn-cn°pw IqSp-X¬ e`n-°p-hm≥ km[y-X. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, Im¬]-S-bm-fn-bpsS
Ccń IpXn-c-∏-S-bm-fn°v e`n-t®-°pw. ]S-°p-Xnc Xøm-dm-°pI t]mse-bp≈
Imcy-ßƒ Zcn-{Z≥am¿°v km[n-°m-Ø-Xm-W-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v Zcn-{Z≥amcpw
km[p-°-fp-am-b-h¿°pw [\w ssIam-dp-hm-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßƒ D≠m-h-Ww,
4901
D≠m-°p-Ibpw thWw. AXn-\p≈ am¿K-ß-fn¬ H∂s{X Cu ]≤-Xn.
Cu e£yw˛ [\w [\n-I≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ am{Xw ssIImcyw sNøp-

∂-Xm-bm¬ t]mc, a‰p-≈-h¿°n-S-bnepw ssIImcyw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-hWw
F∂ e£yw˛ sh®v Ckvemw Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p≈ \nb-a-ßfpw ]≤-Xn-Ifpw
]e-Xp-≠v. kImØv k{º-Zmbw \nb-an-®-Xv, ]qgvØn-sh∏pw ]en-ibpw \ntcm-
[n-®Xv XpS-ßnb ]e-Xpw. Cu aq∂v Imcy-ßƒ am{Xw kap-Zmbw th≠-Xp-
t]mse \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, CXp-hsc icn-s°mcp \n¿∆-N\w
t]mepw sNø-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ tkmjy-enkØns‚ (ÿn-Xn-k-a-Xz-hm-Z-Øn-s‚)
t]cn¬˛ C∂v ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛ temIw apgps° _lfw Iqt´-≠n-h-
cn-Ib
- n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. \nb-a{- ]-Im-ca
- p≈ kIm-Øn-\p-]p-dsa A∏-t∏mƒ t\cn-Sp∂
hy‡n-]-c-tam, kmaq-lytam Bb Bh-iy-ß-fn¬ Ign-hp-≈-h¿ Ign-hn-\-\p-
k-cn®v Nne-h-gn-°¬ \n¿_-‘-am-W-v F∂pw Izp¿-B\pw lZoYpw Bh¿Øn-
®m-h¿Øn®p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. IqSm-sX, ASn-b-¥n-c-L-´-ß-fn¬ \n¿_-‘-
]q¿∆w AXv sNøn-°p-hm-\p≈ A[n-Im-chpw Ah-Imihpw DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏-´-
h¿°p≠v-Xm-\pw. ]t£, tkmjy-en-k-Øns‚ el-cn-bn¬ aXn-a-d-∂-h¿ B{K-
ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, kzØv kºm-Zn-°p-hm\pw AXv hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈
hy‡nkzmX-{¥ysØ C√m-Xm-°p-I-tbm, [\n-I≥am-cpsS kzØp-°ƒ ]nSn-
s®-Sp-Øp a‰p-≈-h¿°v hoXn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp Ir-{Xna ÿnXn-k-
aXzw ÿm]n-°p-Itbm sNøm≥ Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-®n-ń-√. a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-
bpw, a\p-jy‚ hnIm-chpw Bh-iy-hp-sa√mw a\p-jy-s\-°mƒ Adn-bp∂
A√mlp AsX-ßns\ A\p-h-Zn°pw?!
ASpØ hmIy-Øn¬ CXn-s\-°mƒ {][m-\-s∏-´-Xpw, Ckvemans‚

ASnØ-db - p-amb Hcp auen-Ik
- n-≤m-¥a
- mWv A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf Adn-
bn-°p-∂-Xv. "dkq¬ \nßƒ°v F¥v sIm≠p-X-∂pthm AXv \nßƒ kzoI-
cn- ° Ww; At±lw \nß- t fmSv GsXm- ∂ n- s \- ° p- d n®v hntcm- [ n- ® pthm
AXn¬\n∂v hne-ßn-\n¬°Ww'. (Gƒ¡nàfr Éa ¬o ær Yn ºr c
o Én¡fn Énehn √o hoòî
o an ∫
o ƒo°SsôdG ºocÉnJGB Énehn ) F∂m-
W-Xv. dkq¬ I¬]n-®Xv F∂v ]d-bm-sX, dkq¬ sIm≠p-X∂Xv ( ºocÉnJGB Éne)
F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv hfsc {it≤-b-am-Wv. hm°p-sIm-t≠m, {]hr-Øn-
˜
sIm-t≠m, kΩ-Xw-sImt≠m dkq¬ ImWn-®p-X-∂-sX√mw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-
Sp-∂p. Izp¿-B\pw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-´-Xp-X-s∂. Ch-sbm-s°bpw Dƒs°m-≈-
Ø-°-hn[w hnim-em¿∞-ap-≈-XmWv B hm°v. A√m-sX, ss^Cs‚ kzØp-
°-fn¬ \n∂pw At±lw \nßƒ°-\p-hZ- n-®p-X∂ - Xv kzoI-cn-°W - s - a-t∂m, hmb-
sIm≠v I¬]n-®Xv A\p-k-cn-°-W-sat∂m am{X-a√ AXns‚ A¿∞w. t\sc
adn®v Xncp-ta\n ImWn®p Xcm-Ø-sX√mw hntcm-[n-t°-≠-Xpt≠m? C√. Ahn-
Sp∂p \ntcm-[n-®-sXt¥m AXp-am-{X-amWv \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv.-AXv
sIm≠mWv At±lw "sIm≠vX-cm-ØXv' F∂v ]d-bmsX "At±-lw hntcm[n-
4902
®Xv' (ºocÉn¡fn Éne) F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
\_n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p: "Rm≥ \nßsf Hgn-hm-°p-tºm-sg√mw

\nß-sfs∂ hnt´-°-Ww. \nßƒ°v apºp-≈-hsc \mi-Øn¬s]Sp-Øn-b-Xv,
Ah-cpsS tNmZyw sNø-ens‚ B[n-Iyhpw \_n-am-tcm-Sp≈ `n∂n-∏p-am-Ip-∂p.
AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv h√-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw hntcm-[n-®m¬ \nß-fXv
h¿÷n-°p-hn≥, Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv h√ Imcyhpw I¬]n-®m¬ AXn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ°v km[n-°p-∂{X sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥'.(_p; ap.) C u hN-
\-Ønse Bibw hy-XykvX hm°p-I-fn-embn Izp¿-B≥ Bh¿Øn®p ]d-
bp-∂p-≠v. "\nßƒ°v A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-en¬ \√-Xmb amXr-I-bp≠v' (33 :
21), "At±lw C—-b-\p-k-cn®v kwkm-cn-°p-I-bn-√. AXv hlvbv A√msX as‰m-
∂p-a√' (53: 3, 4) "dkq-ens\ B¿ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw
A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-®p'.(4 : 80) "At±-l-Øns‚ I¬]-\°v FXncv
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿, Xßƒ°v h√ Ipg-∏hpw _m[n-°p-I-tbm, As√-¶n¬
thZ-\-tb-dnb in£ _m[n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv kq£n-®p-sIm-≈s´!' (24 :
63.) apX-emb F{Xtbm Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ CXn\v DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
CsX√mw Iäp-ºn¬ I≠p-sIm-≠v˛ apkvenwI-fm-sW∂v A`n-am-

\n-°p-Itbm Pev]n-°p-Itbm sNbvXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂˛ Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂p, Izp¿-
B≥ am{Xta Ckveman¬ AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠p∂ {]am-W-am-bp≈q F∂v!. a‰v
Nne¿ CXv Xpd∂p ]d-bp-hm≥˛ aSn-sImt≠m t]Sn-sImt≠m Bh-s´˛ Xøm-
dn-s√-¶nepw ê-Øn¬ B \bw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bpw, thsd Nne¿, \_n - ˜
bpsS hm°p-I-fnepw Ncy-I-fnepw Xß-fpsS C—°pw bp‡n°pw \ymb-
ßƒ°pw tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xmbn ImWp-∂-h-bpsS t\sc ]p—hpw ]cn-lm-k-
hpw ssIsIm-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cß-s\-bp-≈-h-sc-√mw˛ bYm¿∞-Øn¬
Ah¿ Izp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬˛ Xmsg ImWp∂ Izp¿-B≥ hN-
\-ßƒ Xpd∂ a\-t msS Hm¿an-°p-∂Xv \∂v F∂v am{Xta \ap°v ]d-bp-
hm-\p≈q:˛
1. (\-_n-tb) F∂m¬ C√˛ \ns‚ d∫n-s\-Ø-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!

Ah¿°n-Sbn¬ `n∂n-∏p-≠m-Ip∂ Imcy-Øn¬ \ns∂ Ah¿ hn[n-I¿Øm-hm-
°p-I-bpw, ]n∂oSv \o Xocp-am\w sNbvX-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Ah-cpsS a\- p-I-
fn¬ bmsXmcp hnj-ahpw Ah¿°p-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw, Ah¿ (A-Xn-s\)
icn°v kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-I-bn-√. (4 : 65.)
2. Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-°m-I-s´, kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-°m-I-s´, A√m-

lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw Hcp Imcyw Xocp-am-\n-®m¬, Xß-fpsS Imcy-sØ-
°p-dn®v Xßƒ°v Xnc-s™-Sp∏p (A-`n-{]m-bw) D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-
4903
√. A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Spw, Ahs‚ dkqen-t\mSpw B¿ A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-
°p-∂pthm Ah≥, Xo¿®-bmbpw hy‡-amb hgn-]n-ghv ]ng-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. (33 : 36)
dkq¬ sIm≠p-X-∂-sX√mw kzoI-cn-°-Ww, hntcm-[n-®-sX√mw

h¿÷n-°Ww (ïdG ∫ o ƒo°SsôdG ºocÉnJGB Énehn ) F∂ hN-\-Øns‚ A¿∞-hym-]vXn-sb-∏‰n
kzlm-_n-Iƒ Fßs\ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ImWp-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-
°pw. ico-c-Øn¬ ]®-Ip-Øp-I-bpw, IpØn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kv{XoI-sf-bpw,
`wKn-°p-th≠n ]√v cmhn icn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw, cmhn hnS-hp-≠m-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂ kv{XoI-sfbpw dkq¬ ˜ i]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.F∂v C_v\p akv-D uZv
(d) ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn. Cu hnhcw DΩp-b-AvIzq_v (d) F∂ Hcp kv{Xo tI´p.
Ah¿ At±-l-tØmSv: "Xm¶ƒ C∂n-∂-hsc i]n®p ]d-™pthm?' F∂v
tNmZn-®p. At±lw ]d™p: dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n i]n-®-hsc F¥p-sIm≠v
F\n°v i]n-®p-IqSm? AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ InXm-_n-ep-≠v -Xm-\pw.kv{Xo
]d-™p: apkzvl-^-ns‚ c≠v N´-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep-≈-sX√mw Rm≥ hmbn-®n-´p-
≠v. AXn-sem∂pw CXv I≠n-√t√m?C_v\p-a-kv-D uZv(d): "\nß-fXv hmbn-®n-
´p-s≠-¶n- ¬ \nß-fXv I≠n-´p-ap-≠v.ïdG ∫ o ƒo°SsôdG ºocÉnJGB Énehn - d-kq¬ \nßƒ°v sIm≠p
X∂-Xv......) F∂ hmIyw hmbn-®n-ńt√? kv{Xo: "hmbn-°mtX?' C_-\p-a-kv-
DuZv (d): "F∂m¬ ta¬]-d-™-sX√mw Xncp-ta\n hntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'(_p;
ap.)
\_n-N-cy-Isf ]pdw-X-≈n-s°m≠v Izp¿-B≥ am{Xw aXn-sb∂v ]d-

bp-∂-h-sc-∏‰n Xncp-ta\n t\csØ Xs∂ {]h-N\w sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv ImWp-
tºmƒ, Hmtcm kXy-hn-izm-kn°pw B›-cyhpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw tXm∂n-
tb-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. GXp-Xcw Bfp-I-fn¬\n-∂mWv AØcw hmZ-ßƒ ]pd-
Øp-h-cn-I-sb-∂p-IqSn B {]h-N-\-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p∂p!
Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp∂p:
(kmcw: \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ Xs‚ Aew-Ir-X-amb Iń-en¬ Nmcn-bn-

cp∂p kpJn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-s°, Rm≥ Iev]n-®-tXm, hntcm-[n-®tXm Bb h√
Imcyhpw Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-I-bpw, At∏mƒ Ah≥ "F\n°v (A-sXm-
∂pw) Adn-™p-Iq-Sm, \mw A√m-lp-hns‚ InXm-_n¬ I≠Xp \ap°p
]n≥]‰mw' F∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv Rm≥ Is≠-Øm-Xn-cn-°-s´. (A;
Zm; Xn; P; _.) Bb-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°-W-
sa∂v ]d-™Xpw A√mlp ITn-\-amb in£m-\-S-]Sn FSp-°p-∂-h-\m-sW∂v
]d-™Xpw AØ-c-°m¿ Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
4904
˜
"ss^C's‚ kzØp-°ƒ \_n Xncp-ta\n -°v -]p-dsa \mep-Iq-´-cn¬
hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p-≈-XmWv F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. Cu \mep-Iq-´¿ FØ-c-
Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-sW-∂pw, Ah-cpsS {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ F¥m-sW∂pw A√mlp
XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p:˛
!8!
! AXm-b-Xv, Xß-fpsS hmk-
ÿ- e - ß - f n¬\n- ∂ pw, kzØp- ° -
fn¬\n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-ń-´p≈
"aplm-Pndp'Ifmb [kztZiw hn´p-
t]mb] Zcn-{Z≥am¿°v; A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬\n-∂p≈ Zbhpw s]mcp-Øhpw
tXSn-s°m-≠pw, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw
Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw klm-bn-®p-
sIm≠pan-cn-°sh (]p-dØ - m-°s
- ∏-
´-h¿) A°q-´¿X-s∂-bmWv kXy-
hm≥am¿.
8! Zcn-{Z≥am¿°v aplm-Pn-dp-I-fm-b, A`bm¿∞n-I-fmb

AXm-bXv ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-´-h¿ Xß-fpsS `h-\(-hm-k-ÿ-
e)-ß-fn¬\n∂v Xß-fpsS kzØp-°-fn¬\n∂pw Ah¿ tXSn
(A-t\z-jn-®p) sIm≠ncn-°sh Zb-hv, A\p-{Klw A√m-lp-
hn¬\n∂v s]mcp-Ø-hpw, {]oXnbpw Ah¿ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cns° A√m-lp-hns\ Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw
A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bmWv kXy-hm≥am¿
"Rß-fpsS d∫v A√m-lp-hmWv' ( ¬q∏dG ÉnæHt Qn )F∂v ]d™ Imc-W-Øm¬

a°-xbn¬\n∂v \mSpw hoSpw kzØp-sa√mw hnt´®p aZo-\x-bn-te°v \mSp-I-S-
°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmb aplm-Pn-dp-I-fmWv ss^C∂v A¿l-cmb ta¬
{]kvXm-hn® \mep-Iq-´-cn¬ Hcp hn`m-Kw. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lhpw s]mcp-
Ø-hp-am-W-h-cpsS e£yw. A√m-lp-hns‚ Zo\n-s\bpw \_n Xncp-ta\n
˜ sbbpw klm-bn®p kwc-£n-°p-hm≥ k¿∆hpw ka¿∏n-®-h-cm-W-h¿.
At∏mƒ, Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv kXy-hn-izmkw kXy-ambn ]pe¿Øn-b-h¿. adp-
Xp-Wn-bn-cn-°-s´, DSp-tXm-Wn-t]m-ep-an-√m-Ø˛ `mhn-Po-hn-X-Øn\v t]mI-s´,
lnPvd-xbm-{X-°p≈ Nne-hn-\p-t]m-ep-an-√mØ hn[-Øn-em-W-h¿ aZo-\x-bn¬
4905
h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. _\q-\-Zzo-dns‚ Cu kw`hw \S-°p-tºmgpw Ah¿ Zcn-{Z-
h¿Kw Xs∂. aZo-\-°m-cmb A≥kzm-cn-I-fp-sS klm-b-amWv Ah¿°-hnsS
{][m-\-ambpw Ah-ew-_w. CXpsIm≠mbn-cn°pw "Zcn-{Z≥am-cmb aplm-Pn-dp-
Iƒ" F∂v ]d-bmsX "aplm-Pn-dp-I-fmb Zcn-{Z≥am¿'( ø n jpôL
p Én¡ªo dr G AGnô≤n Øo ∏r dp ) F∂v
A√mlp ]d-™-Xv. \Zzo-dn¬\n∂v e`n® "ss^Dv' kzØn¬\n∂v \_n ˜
A[nIw \¬In-bXv aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°m-bn-cp-∂p. A≥kzm-cn-Iƒ°v Npcp°w
Nne¿°v am{Xta \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bp-≈q. AXn\pw ImcWw CXp-X-s∂. aplm-
Pn-dpI-sf-t∏m-se, Ah-cpsS kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fn-epw, Ckvemans‚ tkh-\-Ønepw
]¶p-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cm-Wt√m A≥kzm-cn-Iƒ.
!9!
! Ah-cpsS apºmbn [aplm-
Pn-dpI-fpsS hc-hn-\p-ap-ºmbn] hmk-
ÿ-ehpw kXy-hn-izm-khpw kzoI-
cn®p [kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-]sh-®-hcpw
(Bb Zcn- { Z≥am- c pw). Xß- f psS
ASp-°-te°v lnPvdx-h∂ [\mSp-hn-
´p-h∂]hsc Ah¿ kvt\ln-°p∂p;
Xßƒ°v \¬I-s∏-´Xv kw_-

‘n®v Ah-cpsS s\©p [a\- p]-I-
fn¬ bmsXm- c m- h - i yhpw Ah¿
Is≠-Øp-∂p-an√! Xß-fn¬ h√-hn-
Shpw (A-Yhm Zmcn{Zyw) D≠m-bn-
cp-∂m¬ t]mepw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS
tZl- ß - s f- ° mƒ (a- ‰ p- ≈ - h ¿°v )
{]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂p!
GsXm-cp-h≥ Xs‚ a\- ns‚

]nip- ° n¬ (A- Y hm B¿Øn-
bn¬) \n∂v ImØp-c-£n-°-s∏-Sp-
∂pthm, Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ Xs∂-
bmWv hnP-bn-Iƒ.
9! bmsXm-cp-Iq-ćpw Ah¿ kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn, Hcp°w sNbvXp,
Xma-k-am-°n, kzoI-cn®p hmk-ÿew, ]m¿∏n-S-Øn\v kXy-hn-
izm-k-hpw, hnizm-k-Øn∂pw Ah-cpsS apºv Ah¿ CjvS-s∏-Sp-
∂p, kvt\ln-°p∂p lnPvdx (\m-Sp-hn-´p)-h-∂-hsc Xß-fn-te°v
Ah¿ ImWp-∂n-√, Is≠-Øp-∂n√ Ah-cpsS s\©v (a-
\- p)-I-fn¬ Hcm-h-iyhpw Ah¿°v \¬I-s∏-´-Xn¬
4906
Ah¿ {]m[m\yw \¬IpI (Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-I)bpw sNøp∂p Xß-
fpsS tZl-ß-sf-°mƒ Xßfn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw h√
hnS-hpw, Zmcn-{Zy-hpw, ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-iyhpw Bsc-¶n-epw (bmsXm-cp-
h≥) ImØp-c£
- n-°s
- ∏-Sp-∂pthm Xs‚ a\- ns‚ ]nip-°v, B¿Øn
(bn¬\n-∂v) F∂m¬ Ah¿ Xs∂ hnP-bn-Iƒ
A≥kzm-cn-I-fpsS ÿnXn CXmWv. ss^C¬\n∂v \¬I-s∏-Sp-hm≥

Ah-cn-ep≈ Zcn-{Z≥am-cmWv Ah-Im-i-s∏´ as‰mcp hn`m-Kw. aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ
Xß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v hcp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºm-bn-Ø-s∂, Ah¿ aZo-\xbn¬
]m¿∏nSw Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°v hkn-°p-hm≥ th≠p∂ kml-N-
cy-ßƒ D≠m-°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kØ - n\v t\c-sØ-
Øs∂ Ah¿ kzoI-cWw \¬In-bn-´p-ap-≠v. AsX, \_n Xncp-ta\n a°x- ˜
bn¬sh®v ]e tKm{X-ß-sfbpw Ckveman-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Ah-
k-c-Øn¬, aZo-\x-bn¬\n∂v l÷n-\v-h-∂n-cp∂ A©m-dp-t]¿ BZyw \_n
˜ -bn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ASp-Ø-sIm√w ]{¥-≠p-t]-cpw. Aßs\,
Ckvemw Ah-cn¬ kwkm-c-hn-j-b-am-bn. ASp-Ø-h¿jw aZo-\-°m¿ ]ecpw
l÷n- \ v- h - ∂ p. A∂v Izpssd- i n- I ƒ Adn- b msX Ah¿ AIz_x
(ánÑn≤n©rdG)bn¬sh®v Xncp-ta-\n°v "ss_AØp(CkvemanI {]Xn-⁄) sNbvI-
bp-≠m-bn. Fgp-]-Xn¬]cw ]pcp-j≥amcpw c≠p kv{XoIfpw AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-
Øn-cp-∂p. Ncn-{X-{]-kn-≤a ˜
- mb Cu "ss_AØn'¬ Ckveman-\pw, \_n °pw
Xß-fm¬ Ign-bp∂ klm-bß - ƒ sNøp-sa∂v Ah¿ G‰n-cp-∂p. AXn-\v tijw
Izpssd-in-I-fpsS A{Iaw sImSp-ºn-cn-s°m-≈p-Ibpw apkvenwIƒ aZo-\x-bn-
te°v lnPvdx-t]m-Ip-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Aß-s\, aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ AhnsS
sN√p-tºm-tg-°p-Xs∂ Xß-fpsS \mń¬ Ah¿°v Xma-kn-°m-\p≈ kuIcyw
Ah¿ kwPm-X-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p. aZo-\x-bnse hoSp-I-fn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw ÿew
]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ sN∂p-tN¿∂ tijtam? Hmtcm aplm-Pn-dn-s\bpw

Hmtcm-k-tlm-Z-c≥ Xs‚ H∂n®p Xma-kn-∏n®p; Xß-fpsS kzØn¬\n∂pw
Hmtcm ]¶v -sIm-SpØp; c≠v `mcy-am-cp≈ Nne¿ Hcmsf hnhm-l-tam-N\w
sNbvXp Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c\v hnhmlw Ign-∏n-®p-sImSpØp; Xßƒ ]ń-Wn-In-
S∂pw Ah¿°v `£Ww \¬In. AsX, ss_A-Øp¬ AIz_xbnse Icm-
dp-Iƒ XnI-®pw, AXn-\-∏pdhpw Ah¿ ]men-®p. A≥kzm-cn-I-fpsS s]cp-am-‰-
sØ-°p-dn®v aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn A\kv (d) ]d-bp-
I-bp-≠mbn: dkq-te, \mw h∂p tN¿∂n-´p≈ Cu P\-X-sb-t∏m-se, GsXm-
cp \n m-c-Im-cy-Ønepw C{X-bpw \∂mbn kl-I-cWw sNøp-∂-Xpw, C{X
4907
hfsc HuZmcyw sNøp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp P\-Xsb Rßƒ I≠n-ń-√. Rß-
fpsS `mc-ßƒ Ah¿ Rßƒ°v Xo¿Øp-X-cp-∂p. Rß-fpsS tPmen-I-fn¬
Ah¿ Rß-tfmSv ]¶p-tN-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬ (A-√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p-≈) Iqen-
sb√mw Ah¿ sIm≠p-t]m-bn-°-f-bptam F∂v Rßƒ°v `b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ dkq¬ ˜ ]d™p; C√˛ \nßƒ Ah-sc-∏‰n ]pI-gvØn-∏-d-
bp-I-bpw, Ah¿°p-th≠n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ
AXp-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ aplm-Pn-dp-Isf Ah¿ Atß-A‰w
lrZ-bw-K-a-ambn kvt\ln-®n-cp-∂p. (ºp¡«r dn GE ôn L
n Éng ø
r en ¿
n ƒtÑë
p jo )
F\n, C{X-sb√mw DZm-c-ambn Ah¿ aplm-Pn-dp-I-tfmSv s]cp-am-dn-bn-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, Xßƒ°v e`n-°p∂ GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ e`y-ß-fntem
t\´-ßf - ntem A≥kzm-cn-Iƒ°v h√ Akq-btbm shdpt∏m D≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm?
Hcn-°-ep-an-√. thW-sa-¶n¬, _\q-\-Zzo-dn¬\n∂v e`n® "ss^Dv' Ah¿°pw
˜
aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ \_n `mKn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, aplm-
Pn-dp-I-fn¬ `mKn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.
_lvssd-\n-bn¬\n∂v e`n® `qan-Iƒ Ah¿°v `mKn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-sa∂v \_n
˜ ]d-™-t∏mƒ, th≠m, Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ß-fmb aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°pw
AXp-t]mse \¬Ip-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ aXn F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS adp-]-Sn. (_p.)
˜
Hcn-°¬ \_n bpsS ASp-°¬ Xs‚ Zmcn-{Zy-sØ-°p-dn®v k¶-S-s∏-´p-sIm-
≠p-h∂ Hcp AXn-Ynsb k¬°-cn-°p-hm≥ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS `mcy-am-cpsS hoSp-
I-fn¬ bmsXm∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A∂sØ cm{Xn At±-lsØ k¬°-cn-
°p-hm≥ Bcp≠v F∂v Xncp-ta\n At\z-jn-®p. A≥kzm-cn-°m-c-\mb A_q-
Xz¬lx (d) aptºm-´p-h∂v At±-lsØ Iqń-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn. At±-l-Øns‚
hoń-em-I-s´, Ip™p-ßƒ°p≈ `£Ww am{Xta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p≈q. Ip™p-
ßsf t\c-sØ-Øs∂ InSØn Dd-°p-hm-\pw, `£-W-Øn-\n-cn-°p-tºmƒ hnf-
°n-√msX Ign-®p-Iq-´p-hm\pw B am\y≥ Xs‚ `mcy-bp-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-´p.
Aß-s\, ho´p-Im-sc√mw ]ń-Wn-In-S∂v D≈ `£-Ww-sIm≠v AXn-Ynsb
˜
k¬°-cn-®p. \_n Ch-sc-∏‰n hfsc {]iw-kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu kw`hw
{][m-\s - ∏´ ]e lZo-Yv ]
- W
- vUn-X≥amcpw hnkvXc
- n®p tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-Wmw.
A≥kzm-cn-I-fpsS CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ KpW-K-W-ßsf Dt±-in®p sIm≠mWv
Ahsc∏‰n Ah-cn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw hnS-hv˛ AYhm {]mcm-_v[tam hnj-atam
˛D-≠m-bmepw Ah¿ Xß-sf-°mƒ a‰p-≈-h¿°v {]m[m\yw \¬Ipw F∂v
A√mlp ]d-bp-∂-Xpw.
kvt\lw, HuZm-cyw, XymKw, \nkzm¿∞X BZn-bmb KpW-ß-fn¬

A≥kzmcn-Iƒ Cu \ne°v FØn-t®-cp-hm-\p≈ Imc-W-sa-¥m-sW-∂pw, a\p-
jy¿°n-S-bn¬ CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ KpW-ßƒ hnc-f-am-bn-Øo-cp-hm-\p≈ Imc-
W- s a- ¥ m- s W∂pw A√mlp XpS¿∂v Nq≠n- ° m- ´ n- b n- c n- ° p∂p:
4908
¿ƒoë∏p Ør ªo dr G ºr go ∂
n Äp dhCÉan ¬°ùrØfn í
s °o T ¥
n ƒoj ø
r en hn (Xs‚ a\- ns‚ ]nip-°n¬\n∂v B¿ ImØp-
c- £ n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ pthm Ah¿X- s ∂- b mWv hnP- b n- I ƒ) ]nip°v F∂v
hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXXv ío°T (ip-lvlv) F∂ ]Z-sØ-bm-Wv. ssIh-i-ap-≈Xv
Nne-h-gn-°msX ep_v[X ImWn-°p-I-bpw-, a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Iøn-ep-≈-Xp-IqSn
e`n-°-W-sa∂v tamln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv "iplvlv'. Cu c≠p-Im-cy-ß-
fpw-IqSn tZymXn-∏n-°p∂ H‰ hm°v ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ImWp-∂n√. GXm-bmepw
A≥kzm-cn-Iƒ, "iplvln'¬ \n∂pw hnap-‡-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, "iplvlv' \nan-
Ø-amWv a\p-jy≥ kzm¿∞w apX-emb Zp¿Kp-W-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-Ip-∂-
sX∂pw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.
˜
\_n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: \nßƒ "iplvlv' (]n-ip-°v) kq£n-°p-
hn≥. Imc-Ww, "iplvlv' \nß-fpsS apºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-hsc \mi-Øn¬ ]Xn-
∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xß-fpsS c‡w Nn¥n-°p-hm-\pw, Ah-cn¬ hntcm-[n-°-s∏´
Imcy-ßsf A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°p-hm\pw AXv Ahsc t{]cn-∏n-®p(ap.) as‰mcp
\_n-h-N\w C{]-Imcw h∂n-cn-°p∂p: A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Ønse (bp-≤w-
aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip-∂) s]mSn-bpw, \c-Im-·n-bpsS ]pI-bpw-IqSn Hcp ASn-bms‚
D≈n¬ Hcn-°epw ktΩ-fn-°p-I-bn-√. kXy-hn-izm-khpw iplvlpw IqSn Hcp
ASn-bms‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw ktΩ-fn-°p-∂-Xp-a-√. (Xn¿a-Znbpw a‰v Nne-
cpw.) A√mlp \sΩ ]nip-°n¬\n∂pw AXns‚ tZmj-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ImØp-
c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥.
ss^Cs‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fmb ]mh-s∏-´-h¿ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Zcn-{Z-cmb
aplm-Pn-dp-Is - f-∏‰ - n-bpw, A≥kzm-cn-Is - f-∏‰
- nbpw hnh-cn-®t- ijw Ah¿ Dƒs°m-
≈p∂ aq∂m-asØ hn`m-K-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂p:˛
! 10!! Ah-cpsS tijw h∂-

hcpw (B- b - Z- c n- { Z≥am¿°pw).
Ah¿ ]dbpw: Rß-fpsS dt∫,
Rßƒ°pw, kXy- h n- i zm- k -
tØmsS Rßƒ°v ap≥I-gn-™p-
t]m-bn-´p-ff Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-
ßƒ°pw \o s]mdp-Øp-Xt- c-Wta!
kXy- h n- i zmkw kzoI- c n- ® - h -

tcmSv Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Hcp
hntZz- j hpw (A- Y hm ]I- b pw)
D≠m- ° - c ptX! Rß- f p- s S dt∫!
\n›-b-ambpw \o hfsc Ir]-bp-≈-
h-\m-Wv, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
4909
!10! h∂-hcpw Ah-cpsS tijw Ah¿
]d-bpw, ]d-bp∂p Rß-fpsS dt∫ Rßƒ°v s]mdpØp Xtc-
Wta Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ°pw Rßƒ°v ap≥I-
gn™ (ap≥I-S-∂)-h-cmb kXy-hn-izm-k-tØmsS B°-cp-tX,
D≠m-°-cptX Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ hntZz-jw, ]I, NXn, sIń-
°p-Sp°v hniz-kn-®-h-tcmSv Rß-fpsS dt∫ \n›-b-ambpw
\o hfsc Ir] (Zb) D≈-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
kzlm- _ n- I - s fsXm´v tijwhcp∂ Ah- c psS ]n≥Km- a n- I - f mb
Xm_nD( ¿n ƒo©Hp Én àdG)-I-fmWv {][m-\-ambpw Dt±-iyw. ]n∂oSv Iznbm-a-Øv-\mƒ hsc-
bp-≠m-Ip∂ Ah-cpsS ]n≥Km-an-Iƒ s]mXp-hnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. kq: Xu_x-
bn¬ aplm-Pn-dp-I-sfbpw A≥kzm-cn-I-sfbpw Ipdn®v hnh-cn-®-tijw (100 ˛mw
hN-\-Øn¬) ¿É°ùMÉH ºgƒ©ÑJG (kp-IrXw sNbvXp-sIm-≠v Ahsc ]n≥]-‰n-b-h-
cpw) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. kzlm-_n-I-fpsS amXr-I-Isf ]n≥]-‰n-s°m≠v
]n¬°m-e-ß-fn¬ Pohn-®p-t]m∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmWv CXv sIm≠p-t±iyw
F∂v CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. Cß-s\-bp-≈h - c
- n¬s]´ Zcn{ZP\-ßƒ°pw
AX-Xp-Im-eØv e`n-°p∂ ss^C¬ \n∂v \¬I-s∏-tS-≠X - mWv F∂v Xm¬]-
cyw.
kzlm-_n-I-fpsS Ime-Sn-Isf ]n≥]-‰nb k÷-\-ß-fmWv ChnsS

Dt±-iy-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\v Ah-cpsS Cu {]m¿∞-\-Xs∂ sXfn-hm-Ip-∂p. Ah-cpsS
Pohn-X-{I-a-ß-sfbpw k¬Kp-W-ß-sfbpw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw, am\n-°pIbpw
sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Ah¿°pw Xßƒ°pw th≠n Ch¿ {]m¿∞n-°p-
∂-Xv. {]m¿∞-\-bn-em-I-s´, Xß-fpsS ap≥I-gn™ B kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv
Xß-fpsS D≈n¬ bmsXmcp hntZz-j-tam, ]Itbm, shdpt∏m H∂pw D≠m-I-
cp-sX∂pw IqSn Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-t\m-St]£-n°p-∂p. ap≥Km-an-I-fmb k÷-
\-ß-tfmSv _lp-am-\-ap-≈-h-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬\n-∂pw, \mhn¬\n∂pw am{Xta
Cu {]m¿∞\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q. t\sc-a-dn®v ˛C-∂sØ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-
Ønse Hcp Iq´w Bfp-I-fn¬ (*) ]S¿∂p]n-Sn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se˛ kzlm-_n-
(*) Izp¿-B\- n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂h- c
- m-sW∂v kzbw hmZn-°p-∂t- Xm-sSm∏w
˜
Izp¿- B - s \bpw, \_n - b psS A\p- b m- b n- I - f m- s W∂v Ah- I m- i - s ∏-
´psIm≠v \_n sbbpw ]g-©s - c∂pw A]-cn-jvIr-Xs ˜
- c∂pw a‰pw ]d™v
]cn-l-kn-°p-hm≥˛ t]mcm, A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂ps≠∂v P¬∏n-
®p-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ Nne al¬Kp-W-ßsf hna¿i\ hnt[-b-am-°p-
hm≥ t]mepw˛ kt¶m-N-an-√mØ apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-Iƒ C∂v hnc-f-a-√.
F∂n-cn-s°, kzlm-_n-I-sf-bpw, ap≥Km-an-I-fmb k÷-\-ß-sfbpw A]-
am-\n®p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ A¬`p-X-s∏-Sp-hm≥ F¥p≠v?! ¬∏dG PÉn©ne
4910
I-tfmSpw Ah-cpsS \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®p-t]m∂ ap≥Km-an-I-tfmSpw BZ-
chpw kvt\lhpw tXm∂m-Ø-h¿ a\x-]q¿∆w Cß-s\-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ
sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-]-I-cw, Inńb Ah-kcw D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn Ahsc ]gn-°p-
hm\pw Ah-tcmSv shdp∏pw hntZz-j-hpw sh®p-sIm≠v Ahsc CSn®p XmgvØp-
hm-\p-am-Wt√m apXn-cp-I. kqd-Øp¬ lZoZv 10 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-
Øn¬ kzlm-_n-I-sf-°p-dn®v D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-Iƒ Hm¿°p-I.
Cu hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v \ap°v Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-

Xm-Wv.
(1) Hcmƒ as‰m-cmƒ°p-th-≠n-bpw, Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿ ac-W-s∏-´p-

t]mb kXy-hn-izm-kn-°p-th-≠nbpw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xv k¬°¿a-hpw, A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ {]Xn-êw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. AXv k÷-\-ß-fpsS e£-W-
hp-am-Wv. Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp∂ {]m¿∞\ AXn-s\mcp amXr-I-bp-am-Ip-
∂p. C°mcyw \_nhN-\-ß-fnepw t{]m¬km-ln-∏n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-X-s{X.
(2) ap≥Km-an-I-fmb k÷-\-ßsf Ip‰w ]d-bp-I-bpw, Ah-sc-°p-dn®p hntZz-

jhpw shdp∏pw sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv Zp¿P-\-ß-fpsS e£-
W-am-Ip-∂p. {]tXy-In®pw kzlm-_n-I-sf-∏-‰n. kzlm-_n-Isf ]gn-°p-∂-h-
cmb dm^nZzx (án° ap GsôdG) I£n°v "ss^Dv' kzØn¬\n∂v Hmlcn \¬In-°qSm
F∂v Camw amenIv (d) Cu Bb-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ChnsS
{]kvXm-hy-am-Ip-∂p. aplm-Pn-dp-I-fpw, A≥kzm-cn-I-fp-amb kzlm-_n-I-sfbpw
Ahsc ]n≥]-‰nb ]n≥Km-an-I-sfbpw kw_-‘n® {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°p-tijw,
]n∂oSv aZo-\x-bn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ apkvenw thj-[m-cn-I-fmb ap\m-^n-Izp-
I-sf-∏‰n A√mlp hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!11!
! (\-_n-tb) I]-S-X-Im-Wn-
°p-∂-hsc \o I≠nt√? thZ-°m-
cn¬\n∂v Ahn- i z- k n- ® - h - c mb
Xß- f psS ktlm- Z - c ≥am- t cmSv
Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p:
4911
\nßƒ ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-´p-sh-
¶n¬, \n›- b - a m- b pw, Rßfpw
\nß-tfm-sSm∏w ]pd-s∏SpI-Xs∂
sNøpw; \nß-fpsS hnj-b-Øn¬
Hcm-sfbpw Hcp ImeØpw Rßƒ
A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xp-a√; \nß-tfmSv
bp≤w sNø-s∏-´p-sh-¶n-tem, \n›-
b-ambpw Rßƒ \nßsf klm-
bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. A√mlp
km£y- s ∏- S p- Ø p∂p; \n›- b -
ambpw Ah¿ hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h-cm-
Ip∂p F∂v.
11. \o I≠n-t√, t\m°p-∂nt√ bmsXm-cp-h-cn-te°v
I]SX {]h¿Øn® (I-]-S-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®) Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p
Xß- f psS ktlm- Z - c ≥am- t cmSv Ahn- i z- k n- ® - h - c mb
thZ-°m-cn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ _ln-jv°-cn-°-s∏-´p-sh-
¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw Rßƒ ]pd-s∏Spw, ]pd-Øp-t]mIpw \nß-
fpsS IqsS, H∏w Rßƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-I-bp-an√ \nß-fpsS hnj-
b-Øn¬ Hcm-sfbpw Hcp ImeØpw \nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNø-
s∏-´p-sh-¶ntem \n›-ba
- mbpw Rßƒ \nßsf klm-bn°pw
A√mlp km£yw hln-°p-∂p, km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p \n›-ba
- mbpw Ah¿
hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂ F∂v.
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t\XrXzw hln-°p∂ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p D_øv apX-
em-b-h¿ \Zzo¿tKm-{X-°m-cmb blq-Zn-I-tfmSv ]d-™n-cp∂ hm°p-I-fm-Wn-h.
c≠p- I q- ´ cpw XΩn¬ PmXn- h y- X ym- k - a p- s ≠- ¶ n- e pw, Ahn- i zm- k - Ø n- e pw,
apkvenwItfmSp≈ ]I-bnepw ]c-kv]cw ktlm-Z-c≥am-cm-W-t√m. Ah-cpsS
hoc-hm-Z-ßfpw hmKvZm-\-ßfpw X\n If-fhpw s]m≈-bp-am-sW∂v A√mlp
Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. AsX,˛
!12!
! Ah¿ ]pd-Øm-°s- ∏-´p-sh-
¶n¬, Ch¿ [I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ]
Ah-scm-∂n®p ]pd-s∏´p t]mI-bn-
√-Xs∂; Ah-tcmSv bp≤w sNø-s∏-
´p-sh-¶n¬ Ch¿ Ahsc klm-bn-
°p-I-bp-an√;
4912
Ahsc Ch¿ klm- b n- ® m¬
Xs∂bpw Ch¿ \n›-b-am-bpw,
]n≥Xncn-t™m-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv
Ah¿°v klmbw e`n-°p-∂-X-√.
12! Ah¿ ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-´p-sh-¶n¬ Ch¿ ]pd-Øp-

t]m-I-bn-√, ]pd-s∏-Sp-I-bn√ AhcpsS H∏w Ah-tcmSv bp≤w
sNø-s∏-s´-¶ntem Ch¿ Ahsc klm-bn-°-bn√
Ahsc Ch¿ klm-bn-®m¬ Xs∂bpw Ch¿ ]n≥Xn-cn-t™mSpw
]ns∂ Ah¿ klm-bn-°-s∏-SpI (A-h¿°v klmbw e`n-°p-
I)-bn√
kw`-hn-®Xpw A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ F∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m.

Cu kw`-h-Øn¬ am{X-a-√, \Zzo-dns‚ ktlm-Z-c-tKm-{X-ß-fmb Izpssd-Zzx-bn-
se-bpw, ssJ_-dn-sebpw blq-Zn-I-fp-am-bp-≠mb bp≤-ß-fnepw ap\m-^n-Izp-
Iƒ Ahsc klm-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√.
!13!! \n›-ba
- m-bpw, \nß-fmWv
Ah-cpsS s\©p [a\- p]-I-fn¬
A√m-lp-hn-s\-°mƒ ITn-\-am-bn-
`b-ap-≈Xv. AXv Ah¿ (Im-cyw)
{Kln-°mØ Hcp P\-X-bm-sW-∂p-
≈-Xp-sIm-≠m-Ip-∂p.
! 14!
! tIm´-bm(°n `{Z-am)-°-
s∏´ cmPy-ß-fn¬sh-t®m, As√-
¶n¬ h√ aXn- e p- I - f p- s Sbpw
]n∂n¬ \nt∂m A√m-sX, Ah¿
Hcp-an®p (tbm-Pn-®p)-sIm≠v \nß-
tfmSp bp≤w sNbvI- b n- √ .
Xßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah-cpsS ka-c-
i‡n (A-Yhm iqc-X) ISp-Ø-Xm-
Ip-∂p.
4913
\o Ahsc tbmPn-®-h-cm-sW-∂v
hnNm-cn-°p∂p; Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-
ß- f m- I - s ´, hn`n- ∂ - ß - f m- I p- ∂ p.
AXv, Ah¿ _p≤n-sIm-Sp(Øp a\-
n-em)-°mØ Hcp P\-X-bm-sW-
∂p-≈-Xp-sIm-≠-s{X.
13! \nßƒ, \nßƒXs∂ t]Sn-bn¬ A[nIw ImTn-\y-ap-

f-fh
- c
- mWv (A-[nIw t]Sn-°s
- ∏-Sp-∂h
- c
- m-Wv) Ah-cpsS s\©p (lr-
Z-b)-I-fn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\-°mfpw AXv Ah¿ Hcp P\-X-
bm-sW-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv {Kln-°m-Ø, Imcyw Xncn-bmØ !14!
Ah¿ \nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNbvI-bn√ apgp-h-\m-bn´v (tbm-
Pn®p ˛H-cp-an-®p˛ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v) cmPy-ß-fn¬ (\m-Sp-I-fn¬)
sh®-√msX tIm´-sI-´-s∏-´, `{Z-am-°-s∏´ As√-¶n¬ ]n∂n¬
\n∂-√msX h√ aXn-ep-I-fp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS ka-cw, i‡n, iqcX
Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ ITn-\-am-b-XmWv \o Ahsc hnNm-cn-°pw,
`mhn-°p∂p Hcp-an® (tbm-Pn-®)-h-cm-sW∂v Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-
fm-Is´ `n∂-ß-fm-Wv, Nn∂n-®n-X-dn-bmWv AXv Ah¿ BIp-∂p-
sh-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Hcp P\X _p≤n-sIm-Sp-°mØ, a\- n-
em-°mØ
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ _p≤n-lo-\cpw Nn¥m-iq-\y-cp-am-I-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn-
s\-°p-dn-®p-≈-Xn-s\-°mƒ `bw Ah¿°v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-°p-dn-®m-Ip-∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Ah¿ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-I-fmbn \Sn°p∂-Xpw.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Bflm¿∞-Xbpw [oc-Xbpw hnizm-k-Zm¿Vy-Xbpw
Ah¿°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv bp≤-Øn-\n-
d-ßp-hm≥ Ah¿ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. F\n, Ahcpw Ah-cpsS Iq´p-Imcpw
HsØm-cp-an®v bp≤-Øn\v apXn-cp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xs∂, h√ tIm´-°p-≈n¬sh-
t®m, aXn-ep-I-fpsS adhp-]n-Snt®m Hfn-t∏mcv \S-Øp-hm-\-√m-sX, shfn-°n-dßn
bp≤w \S-Øp-hm\pw Ah¿ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Ah¿ XΩ-X-Ωn¬ t]mcm´w
\S-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ hfsc iqc-Xbpw i‡nbpw {]I-Sn-∏n-t®-°pw.
]t£, A√m-lp-hns‚ ssk\ysØ FXn-cn-Sp-hm≥ ss[cyw Ah¿°n-√.
ImgvN-bn¬ Ah-sc√mw HsØm-cp-an-®-h-cm-sW-¶n-epw, hmkvX-h-Øn¬ lrZbw
`n∂n-®-hcpw XΩ-X-Ωn¬ shdp∏pw ]Ibpw sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wv.
4914
!15!
!(C-hc- psS ÿnXn) ASp-Ø-
Im-eØv Ch-cpsS apºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-
h-cpsS amXn-cn-Øs∂; Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS Imcy- Ø ns‚ Zpjv ^ ew
Bkz- Z n®p; Ah¿°v thZ- \ -
tbdnb in£-bp-ap-≠v.
!15! bmsXm-cp-Ø-cpsS amXn-cn-Ø-s∂, Hcp Iq´-sc-t∏mse

Ah-cpsS apºp≈ ASp-Ø, kao-]-Im-eØv Ah¿ Bkz-Zn-
®p, cpNn t\m°n Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øns‚ Zpjv^-ew, sISp-Xn, \miw
Ah¿°p≠v Xm\pw thZ-\-tb-dnb in£
Ch-cpsS A¬]w apºv Hcp P\X Ch-sc-t∏m-se-Øs∂ A{Iaw
{]h¿Øn-®p. AXns‚ `hn-jyØv Cl-Øn¬sh®v Ah¿ A\p`hn-®p. ]c-
tem-I-Øv-sh-®p≈ hºn® in£ ]pd-sabpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-t]m-se-
Ø-s∂-bmWv Ch-cpsS ˛Cu blq-Zn-I-fp-sS, As√-¶n¬ blq-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw
ap\m-^n-Izp-If
- p-sS-bpw˛ Ahÿ F∂v kmcw. ASpØv Ign-™ kw`-hw-sIm≠v
hnh£ _Z¿bp-≤a - m-sW-∂pw, ssIz\pIzm-Dv (´Én≤æo «r bn )-tKm-{X-°m-cmb blq-Zn-Isf
\mSp-I-S-Ønb kw`h-am-sW∂pw c≠-`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. _\q-\-Zzo-dns‚ kw`hw
_\q-ssIz-\p-Izm-Cs‚ kw`-h-Øns‚ apºm-tWm, AX√ ]nºmtWm kw`hn-
®-sX∂ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬\n∂v D¬`-hn-®-XmWv Cu c≠v A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ. \Zzo-
dns‚ kw`-h-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ ssIz\pIzm-Cs‚ kw`hw D≠m-bn-
°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv icn-bmb A`n-{]m-bw. B \ne°v ssIz\p-Izm-
Cse blq-Zn-If - psS amXn-cn-Øs∂bmWv \Zzo-dnse blq-Zn-If - p-sSbpw Ahÿ
F∂m-bn-cn°pw Bb-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cyw.
ssIz\pIzm-Cse blq-Zn-Ifpw Ch-sc-t∏mse Icm-dp-ew-L-\hpw

NXnbpw \S-Øp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. AXn-\m¬, \_n ˜
Ah-cp-sS-t\sc ]S-
sb-Sp-Øp. Ah¿ tIm´-bn¬ A`bw {]m]n-®p-sh-¶nepw ]Xn-\-©p-Zn-h-ksØ
D]-tcm-[-Øn-\p-ti-jw, Xß-fpsS ]cn-hm-c-k-taXw \mSp-hn-´p-t]m-bn-s°m-≈p-
˜
hm≥ Xßsf A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂v Ah¿ \_n -tbmSv At]-£n-®p. Xncp-
ta\n AXv kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aß-s\, Ah¿ AZvdpBØn (äÉnYQrPGC )-
te°v \mSp-hn-´p-t]m-bn. ap\m-^n-Izp-Iƒ Ah-cp-sS Xpc-∏≥ the-Iƒ Cu kw`-
h-Ønepw \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. CXmWv ssIz\p-Izm-Cse blq-Zn-I-fpsS kw`-
h-Øns‚ Npcp-°w. ASpØ Bb-Øn¬, ap\m-^n-Izp-I-fp-sS-bpw, blq-Zn-Iƒ
Ah-cpsS hm°v hniz-kn-®-Xn-s‚bpw D]a hnh-cn-°p∂p:
4915
! 16!! (AsX) ]nim- N ns‚
amXncn; Ah≥ a\p-jy-t\mSv \o
Ahn- i z- k n- ® p- s Im- ≈ pI F∂v
]d™ kµ¿`w;
F∂n´v Ah≥ [a\p-jy≥] Ahn-

iz-kn-®-t∏m-tgm, Ah≥ ]d™p:
Rm≥ \n∂n¬\n∂pw Hgn-hm-b-h-
\mWv [\mw XΩn¬ _‘-an√];
\n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ temI-c-£n-
Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-Sp-
∂p.
!17!! Aß-s\, Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw

]cy-h-km-\w, Ah¿ c≠p-t]cpw
\nXy-hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬ \c-I-
Øn-emWv F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. A{I-
an-I-fpsS {]Xn-^-e-as{X AXv.
16! ]nim-Nn-s\-t∏mse, ]nim-Nns‚ amXncn Ah≥

]d™ kµ¿`w a\p-jy-t\mSv \o Ahn-iz-kn-°pI F∂n-
´-h≥ Ahn-iz-kn-®-t∏mtgm Ah≥ ]d™p \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥
Hgn-hmb(_-‘-an-√m-Ø˛ DØ-hmZnXz-an-√m-Ø)-h-\mWv \n∂n¬\n∂v
\n›-ba - mbpw Rm≥ `b-s∏-Sp∂p A√m-lp-hns\ temI-
cpsS c£n-Xm-hmb !17! Aßs\ Bbn c≠m-fp-sSbpw ]cy-h-
km-\w, Iemiw c≠p-t]cpw \c-I-Øn-emWv F∂p-≈Xv
AXn¬ c≠mfpw \nXy-hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬ AXv A{I-
an-I-fpsS {]Xn-^-e-as{X
]nimNv ]e kq{X-ßfpw {]tbm-Kn®v a\p-jys\ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-∂p. AXv

kw`hn®p Ign-™m¬ Ah≥ Hgn-™p-am-dp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ahs\ klm-
bn-°phmt\m c£n-°p-hmt\m ]ns∂ ]nim-Nns\ In´p-I-bn-√. Ah-km\w
in£-bn¬ c≠p-t]cpw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Wv -Xm-\pw. CXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bmWv I]-
4916
S-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ßfpw hmKvZm-\-ßfpw tI´v h©n-
X-cmb blq-Zn-If - p-sSbpw Ahÿ F∂v kmcw. ASpØ hN-\Ø - n¬ A√mlp
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf hnfn®p Ahsc D]-tZ-in-°p∂p:˛
hn`m-Kw˛ 3
! 18!
! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,
I. Hmtcm Bflmhpw [Bfpw]
\msf- t Ø- ° p- t h≠n Xm≥
F¥mWv aps∂m-cp°w sNbvXn-´p-
≈- s X∂v t\m°n- s °m- ≈ - s ´.
Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. \n›-b-am-bpw,
A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-
Xn-s\-∏‰n kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-
h-\m-Wv.
!19! ! A√m-lp-hns\ ad-∂p-I-f-
bp-Ib- pw, Aß-s\, Ah¿°v Ah-
sc-Øs∂ Ah≥ ad-∏n-®p-I-f-bp-
Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-h-sc-t∏mse
\nßƒ Bbn-Øo-c-cp-Xv. Aß-s\-
bp-ff
- h
- ¿ Xs∂-bmWv tXm∂n-bh - m-
kn-Iƒ.
! 20!! \c- I - ° m- c pw, kz¿K-

°mcpw ka-am-hp-Ib - n√; kz¿K-°m-
cm- b p- ≈ - h ¿ Xs∂- b mWv `mKy-
hm≥am¿.
18! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\

kq£n-°p-hn≥ t\m°-s´, Btem-Nn-°s´ Hmtcm tZlhpw (B-
flm-hpw, Bfpw) AXv (Xm≥) ap≥ sNbvXp (H-cp-°n) sh®Xv \mtf-
°p-th≠n A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ \n›-b-
4917
ambpw A√mlp kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv \nßƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n !19! \nßƒ BI-cpXv bmsXm-cp-
h-sc-t∏mse Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns\ ad∂p At∏mƒ Ah≥
Ahsc ad-∏n®p Ah-sc-Ø-s∂, Ah-cp-sS tZl-ßsf A°q-
´¿ Xs∂ tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-Iƒ, Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im¿ !20! ka-
am-hp-I-bn√ \c-I-°m¿ kz¿K-°mcpw
kz¿K-°m¿ Ah-cs{X `mKy-hm≥am¿
hfsc hne-tb-dnb aq∂v D]-tZ-i-ßƒ! a\p-jys‚ `mhn-\n¿W-b-hpw,

Ah\v c£bpw tam£hpw e`n-°epw B aq∂v Imcy-ßsf B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.
(1) A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°-Ww. A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ

kzoI-cn-°p-I-hgn Ah-t\mSv `b-`‡n-bp-≈-h-cmbn Pohn-°pI F∂mWv A√m-
lp-hns\ kq£n-°pI F∂-Xp-sIm≠v hnh-£. CXmWv F√m-‰n-epw-sh®v
a¿a-{]-[m-\-amb hnj-b-hpw. AXp-sIm≠v C°mcyw Htc hN-\-Øn¬ Xs∂
c≠p-h´w Bh¿Øn-®p-W¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
(2) Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ahs‚ \mf-tØ-°p-th≠n ˛B-k-∂hpw imiz-

X-hp-amb ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°p-th-≠n˛ Fs¥m-s°-bmWv Hcp-°n-sh-®n-
´p-≈-sX∂v Bfl-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°-Ww. Cßs\ sNøp∂
a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ Ipd-hp-I-fpw hnS-hp-Ifpw Is≠-Øp-a-t√m. At∏mƒ, AXv
]cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ {ian-°bpw sNøpw.
(3) A√mlphns\-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[tam `btam C√m-sX, Ahs‚

\nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßsf hI-sh-°m-sX, Ahs\ ad-∂p-I-f-bp-Ibpw Aßs\
kz¥w c£m-am¿K-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-t]mepw Nn¥n-°m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvX
Xmt¥m-∂n-h¿K-ß-sf-t∏mse Bbn-Øo-c-cp-Xv. AsX, Ahsc A\p-I-cn-°m-
sX, Ah-tcmSv kmZr-iy-s∏-Sm-sX, Ah-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ AI-s∏-SmsX kq£n-
°-Ww. lm! F{X al-Ømb D]-tZ-i-ßƒ! F{X kmc-h-Ømb D]-tZ-i-
ßƒ! Cu D]-tZ-i-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ am{X-amWv kz¿Km-h-Im-in-Iƒ.
Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv `mKy-hm≥am-cpw. Cu `mKy-hm≥am-cn¬ A√mlp \sΩ-
sb√mw Dƒs∏-SpØn A\p-{K-ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
A_q-lpdbvdx (d)-bn¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp \_n-h-N-\-

Øns‚ kmcw CXm-Ip∂p: "Ggp-Im-cy-ßƒ°v ap-ºmbn \nßƒ [rXn-s∏´p
4918
{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ sNøp-hn≥: (F-√mw) ad-∏n-®p-I-f-bp∂ (I-Sp-Ø) Zmcn-{Zy-sØ-
tbm, As√-¶n¬ Aan-X-amb [\-sØtbm, As√-¶n¬ \mi-I-c-amb tcmK-
sØ-tbm, As√-¶n¬ sIm≈-cp-Xm-Xm-°p∂ hm¿≤-Iy-sØ-tbm, As√-¶n¬
(Po-hnXw Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p) bm{X Ab-°p∂ ac-Ws- Ø-tbm, As√-¶n¬ Z÷m-
en-s\-tbm˛ AXm-sW-¶n¬, {]Xo-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ AZr-iy-ß-fn¬sh®v tami-
s∏-´-Xm-Wv˛ As√-¶n¬ A¥y-k-a-b-sØtbm A√msX \nßƒ°v h√Xpw
ImØn-cn-°p-hm-\pt≠m? A¥y-k-a-b-am-I-s´, G‰hpw B]¬°-chpw G‰hpw
ssIt∏dn-bXpw!' (Xn.)
!21!
! Cu Izp¿-B≥ h√ ]¿∆-
X-Øn-\pw \mw Cd-°n-s°m-Sp-Øn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬, hn\bw ImWn-°p-∂-
Xm-bpw, A√m-lp-hns\ t]Sn-®Xv
\nanØw s]mń-s∏m-fn-bp-∂-Xm-bpw
AXns\ \o ImWp-am-bn-cp∂p! B
D]-a-Isf \mw a\p-jy¿°pth≠n
hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv; Ah¿ Nn¥n-
°p-hm≥th-≠n.
21! \mw Cd-°n-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu Izp¿-B≥

Hcp ]¿∆-X-Øn-\v, ae-bpsS ta¬ AXns\ \o ImWp-am-bn-cp-∂p,
It≠s\ hn\bw ImWn-°p-∂-Xm-bn, Xmgva (`-‡n) sNøp-∂-Xmbn
s]mńs∏mfn-bp-∂-Xmbn A√m-lp-hns\ t]Sn-®-Xp-\n-anØw
B D]a (D-Zm-l-c-Ww, amXn-cn)-Iƒ \mw Ahsb G¿s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂p, hnh-cn-°p∂p P\-ßƒ°v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p-
hm≥th≠n, Nn¥n-t®°mw
hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ al-Xzhpw D∂-X-\n-e-]mSpw D]-am-cq-]-Øn¬
Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bmWv Cu hN\w. a\p-jys‚ Xt‚-S°pdhpw A{i-≤-bpw Imc-
W-ambn AXn\v Ah≥ th≠{X hne I¬]n-°p-∂n√; Ahs‚ a\- n¬
AX¿ln-°p∂ Kuchw A\p`-h-s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√. CXv Izp¿-Bs‚ GsX-¶nepw
t]mcm-bva-sIm-≠-√. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv h√ ]¿h-X-Øn-\p-am-bn-cp-s∂-
¶n¬˛ AsX{X ISp-ØXpw Dd-®X - p-am-bn-s°m-≈s
- ´˛ Izp¿-Bs‚ Kuc-hØ
- m¬
AXv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv `‡n-hn-\bw ImWn-°p-∂-Xpw, A√m-lp-hns\ t]Sn-
4919
®p kzbw s]mń-∏n-f¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°pw. A{Xbpw al-Ømb
H∂m-W-Xv. ]t£, a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øns‚ ISp∏w AXnepw ITn-\-am-bn-t∏m-
bn. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ahs‚ a\- n\v AX¿ln-°p∂ am‰w hcp-ØmØXv
F∂v kmcw. F∂-√m-sX, Izp¿-B≥ Hcp ae-bp-sS-aosX sIm≠p-t]mbn
sh®m¬ DSs\ AXv s]mń-Ø-Icpw Fs∂m-∂p-a-√. a\p-jy≥ Nn¥n®p Imcy-
ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm-\mWv CXpw, CXp-t]m-se-bp-≈-Xp-amb D]-a-Isf
A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-´p-∂Xv F∂v {]tXyIw DW¿Øn-bn-´p-≈X - n¬\n-∂p-Xs∂
CXv kv]jvS-am-W-t√m.
thZ-°msc A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-®p-sIm≠v kq: _Izdx 74 ¬ A√mlp Cßs\
]d-bp∂p: ]n∂oSv AXn\v tijw, "\nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ ISp-Øp-t]m-bn'.
F∂n´v Ah I√p-t]m-en-cn-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ AXn-s\-°mƒ ITn-\-I-Sp-∏-ap-
≈-Xm-Wv. I√n¬X-s∂bpw (Nn-eXv) Acp-hn-Iƒ s]mń Hgp-Ip-∂-h-bp≠v; Ah-
bn¬Xs∂ s]mń-∏n-f¿∂p sh≈w ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-h-bp-ap≠v; Ah-bn¬Xs∂
A√m- l p- h ns\ t]Sn- ® - X p- \ n- a nØw (Io- g v t ]m- ´ p) Cd- ß p- ∂ - h bpw D≠v .
(¬q∏dG án«°p ûnM ø
r ep :¬dƒb ¤EG - ºr µ
o Ño∏bo â
r °n ùnb ºs Ko )
! 22!
! Xm\- √ msX (th- s d)
bmsXmcp Bcm-[y\pw C√m-Ø-h-
\mb A√m-lp-hs - {X, Ah≥; AZr-
iy-sØ-bpw, Zriy-sØbpw Adn-bp-
∂-h≥! Ah≥ ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-
Wv. Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
!23!! (A-sX) Xm\-√msX (th-

sd) bmsXmcp Bcm-[y-\p-an-√mØ
A√m-lp-hm-W-h≥.
(A- h ≥) cmPm- [ n- ] - X n- b m- W v ,
alm ]cn- i p- ≤ - \ m- W v , A\yq- \ -
\mWv (A-s√-¶n¬ c£-bm-bp-≈-
h-\m-Wv), A`bw \¬Ip-∂-h-\m-
Wv, ta¬t\m´w sNøp-∂-h-\m-Wv,
{]Xm-]-im-en-bm-Wv, ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-
bm-Wv, al-Xzm-im-en-bm-Wv.
Ah¿ ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂X
- n¬\n∂v
(F-√mw) A√mlp F{Xtbm ]cn-
ip-≤≥!
4920
! 24!
! {kjvSm-hm-b, \n¿an-®p-
≠m-°p-∂-h-\m-b, cq]w \¬Ip-∂-
h- \ mb A√m- l p- h s{X Ah≥!
Ah\v G‰hpw \√ (D¬Ir-jvS)
\ma-ß-fp-≠v.
BIm- i - ß - f nepw `qan- b n- e p-
ap≈Xv (ap- g p- h - \ pw) Ah\v
kvtXm{X Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p.
Ah-\s{X {]Xm-]i - m-en-bpw, AKm-
[-⁄-\p-am-bp-≈-h\pw!
22! Ah≥ bmsXmcp A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p Hcm-[y-\p-an√
Ah≥ (Xm≥) A√msX AZr-iysØ Adn-bp-∂-h≥
Zriy-sØbpw Ah≥ ]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
!23! Ah≥ bmsXmcp A√m-lp-hmWv Hcp Bcm-[y-\p-an√
Ah-\-√msX cmPm-hm-Wv, A[n-]-Xn-bmWv ]c-a-]-cn-ip-≤≥,
hnip-≤≥ c£, A\yq-\≥, c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h≥ A`bw (\n¿`-
bXzw) \¬Ip-∂-h≥ ta¬t\m´w sNøp-∂-h≥, tae-t\z-jWw \S-
Øp-∂-h≥ {]Xm-]-im-en, AP-ø≥ ]c-am-[n-Im-cn, tkz—m-[n-Im-cn,
AS-°n-`cn-°p-∂-h≥ al-Xz-im-en, alXzw ImWn-°p-∂-h≥
A√mlp alm-]-cn-ip-≤≥, A√m-lp-hns\ ]cn-ip-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p
Ah¿ ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v !24! Ah≥ A√m-lp-hmWv
{kjvSm-hmb \n¿an-®p-≠m-°p-∂-h-\m-b, cq]s∏SpØp-∂-h≥
cq]w \¬Ip-∂-h-\m-b, BIr-Xn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h≥ Ah-∂p≠v \ma-
ßƒ, t]cp-Iƒ G‰hpw \√, (A-Xyp¬Ir-jvS-am-b) Ah\v
kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp∂p BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-
bnepw Ah≥ {]Xm-]-im-en-bm-Ip∂p AKm-[-⁄-\mb
A√m-lp-hns‚ ]c-tam¬Ir-jvS-ß-fmb KpW-K-W-ßsf hnti-jn-∏n-
°p∂ AXyp-Øa \ma-hn-ti-j-W-ß-fn¬ (≈næ°r ùo◊G AÉªr°SC’G)-bn¬s]´ Nne-XmWv
Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. ¢Sh~o≤dr G F∂ \maw, kI-e-hn-[-Ip-d-hp-I-fn¬\n-
∂pw, t]mcm-bva-I-fn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-\m-bp-≈-h≥ F∂pw, ΩnÓ°ùrdG F∂-Xv,
kIe sISp-X-ep-I-fn¬\n∂pw kpc-£n-X\pw a‰p-f-f-h¿°v c£ \¬Ip-∂-
h≥ F∂pw Ipdn-°p-∂p. kXy-hm≥amcpw A¿l-cp-am-b-h¿°v A`-bhpw hniz-
4921
kvX-Xbpw \¬Ip-∂-h≥ F∂v øpeƒDr ªo dr G F∂ \ma-hpw, F√m-h-cp-sSbpw F√m
Imcy-Øn-s‚bpw ta¬t\m-´hpw tae-t\z-j-Whpw sNøp-∂-h≥ F∂v øpªr«n¡oªrdG
F∂ \mahpw Ipdn-°p-∂p. F√m i‡n-I-sfbpw AXn-P-bn-°p∂ AXp-ey-
\mb {]Xm-]-imen F∂v õjpõ©n dr G\pw, F√m hkvXp-shbpw AS°n hmgp-I-bpw,
Xs‚ A[n-Im-c-i-‡n°v F√m-h-scbpw A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]c-
am-[n-Imcn F∂v QÉsÑé
n dr G\pw, F√m-hn[ al¬Kp-W-ßfpw tbmKy-Xbpw XnI-
™ al-Xz-imen F∂v ôuÑµ n àn ªo dr G \pw A¿∞w hcp-∂p. AJn-e-h-kvXp-°-sfbpw
C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-sa∂v \n¿Wbw sNbvXv AX-Xn-\p-th≠p∂ {Iao-I-c-Whpw
hyh-ÿbpw \¬In BIr-Xnbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw sImSpØp cq]-s∏-SpØn krjvSn-
®p-≠m-°n-b-h≥ F∂s{X Qo ƒu °n üoªdr G Ç o Qp ÉnÑdr G ≥
o dp Énîdr G F∂o \ma-ß-fpsS hnh-£.
Ch-bpw, CXp-t]mse Izp¿-B-\nepw lZo-Ynepw h∂n-´p-≈-Xp-amb

A√m-lp-hns‚ D¬Ir-jvS-\m-a-ß-fn¬ AS-ßp∂ kmcm¿∞-ß-sf-bpw, B¥-
tcm-t±-iy-ß-sfbpw tZymXn-∏n-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ `mj-bn¬ hnc-f-am-Ip-∂p.
{]kvXpX \ma-ßsf hymJym-\n-®p-sIm≠v Nne alm≥am¿ {]tXyIw {KŸ-
ßƒXs∂ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. F√m \ma-ßf - p-sSbpw A¥-km-cß
- ƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂
hm°mWv "Cemlv' (¬dG) At∏mƒ, Xulo-Zns‚ hmIy-amb ¬∏dG ’EG ¬n dEG ’
n (A-
√mlp A√msX Hcp Cem-lpw˛ Bcm-[y\pw˛ C√) F∂ hm°ns‚ {]m[m-
\y-hpw, AXv Izp¿-B\
- n¬ CS-°nsS Bh¿Øn-®p-Im-Wp-∂X - n-\p≈ Imc-Whpw
hy‡-am-W-t√m.
˜
\_n C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw (d) D≤-
cn-°p∂p: A√m-lp-hn\v sXmÆq-s‰m-ºXv ˛H∂p Ipd®p \qdp˛ \ma-ß-fp-≠v.
Ahsb kq£va-ambn ]Tn-®-h≥ kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah≥
H‰-bm-Wv. H‰sb Ah-≥ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. øe G~MGh ’G áFÉe AÉª°SG Ú©°ùJh á©°ùJ ¬∏d ¿EG)
(≥Øàe -ôJƒdG Öëj ôJh ƒgh áæ÷G πNO ÉgÉ°üMG Cu sXmÆq-s‰m-º-sXÆw GsXm-s°-bm-
sW∂v \ap°v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-∏-d-bpI km[y-a-√. Izp¿-B-\nepw \_n-h-N-\-
ß-fnepw h∂n-´p≈ \ma-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Nne¿ sXmÆq-s‰m-ºXv \ma-ßƒ Xnc-
s™-SpØp tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-s≠-∂p-am-{Xw. Cu \ma-ßsf a\x-]m-T-
am°nbXp-sIm-t≠m, Dcp-hn-Sp-∂-Xp-sImt≠m am{Xw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-i\w
Xo¿®-s∏-´p-sh-∂√ lZo-Yns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. Ahsb {Kln-°p-Ibpw Ah-bn-
e-S-ßnb kmc-ßfpw Ah-bpsS Kuc-h-ß-fpw a\- n-em°n AXn-\-\p-tbm-Py-
amb hn[-Øn¬ t_m[-]q¿∆w \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h¿°v c£-bp≠v F∂s{X.
Ú©ŸGh ≥aƒŸG ƒgh º∏YG ¬∏dGh
4922
`mKw 28 áæëàªŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 60 apwX-ln\x
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
áæëàªŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
60. kqdXp¬ apwX-ln\x

[Cu kqd-Øn\v "apwX-ln\x'F∂pw "CwXn-lm≥'F∂pw t]cp-I-fp-≠v. t]cp-
Iƒ°m-kv]-Z-amb ImcWw 10 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°mw.]
Øn¬.
!1! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc, Fs‚
i{Xphpw \nß-fpsS i{Xp-hp-am-b-
h- t cmSv kvt\l- _ ‘w Imń-
s°m≠v \nßƒ Ahsc an{X-ß-
fm°n sh°- c pXv ; ˛ \nßƒ°v
hs∂- Ø n- b n- ´ p≈ kXy- Ø n¬
Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-cn-°-bm-sW-
∂n-cn-s°.
\nßƒ \nß- f psS c£n- X m-

hmb A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-
Xn- \ m¬, dkq- e n- s \- b pw, \nß-
sfbpw Ah¿ (\m-ń¬\n-∂v) ]pd-
Øm-°p-∂p. \nßƒ, Fs‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ ([¿a) kacw sNøp-∂-Xn-
\pw, Fs‚ {]oXn tXSp-∂-Xn\pw
]pd- s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° - b m- s W- ¶ n¬ (A-
ßs\ sNø-cp-Xv).
4923
\nßƒ Ah- t cmSv kv t \l-
_‘w cl-ky-ambn \S-Øp∂p;
Rm\m-I-s´, \nßƒ ad-®p-sh-®-
Xpw, \nßƒ ]c-ky-am-°n-bXpw
\√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-amWv (F-
∂n- ´ pw)! \nß- f n¬\n∂v Bsc-
¶nepw AXv sNøp- ∂ - X m- b m¬
Xo¿®- b mbpw Ah≥ t\cmb
am¿Kw (sX-‰n) ]ng-®p-t]m-bn.
!1! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ B°-cpXv

Fs‚ i{Xpsh \nß-fpsS i{Xpshbpw an{X-ßƒ, _‘p-°ƒ,
Imcy-I¿Øm-°ƒ \nßƒ C´p-sIm≠v Ah-tcm-Sv, Ah-cn-te°v
kvt\l-_-‘w, Xm¬]cyw Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-´p-ap-≠v, Ahn-
iz-kn-®n-cns° \nßƒ°v hs∂-Øn-b-Xn¬ bYm¿∞-am-bn-
´v, kXy-Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿ ]pd-Øm-°p-∂p, _ln-jvI-cn-°p∂p
dkq-ens\ \nß-sfbpw \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬
\nß-fpsS d∫mb A√m-lp-hn¬ \nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ ]pd-s∏-ń-cn-
°p∂p (F-¶n¬) ka-c-Øn\v Fs‚ am¿K-Øn¬ tXSp∂
(A-t\z-jn-°p-∂)-Xn\pw Fs‚ {]oXn, s]mcpØw \nßƒ cl-
ky-am-°p∂p Ah-tcmSpw, Ah-cn-te°v kvt\l-_-‘sØ
Rm≥ G‰hpw (\-√-h-Æw) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv \nßƒ ad®p (H-fn-
®p) sh®-Xn-s\-∏‰n \nßƒ ]c-ky-am-°n-b-Xn-s\bpw Bsc-
¶nepw (h-√-h-\pw) AXv sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ \nß-fn¬ \n∂v
F∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ ]ng-®p, sX‰n t\cmb hgn, icn-
bmb am¿Kw
Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cy-hpw, CXv Ah-X-cn-∏n® kµ¿`hpw Camw
_pJm-cn-bpw, apkvenapw (d) XpS-ßnb alm≥am¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ Hcp
kw`h-Øn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ a\- n-em-°mw. AXns‚ kam-\y-cq]w C{]-Im-c-
am-Ip-∂p:--˛
\_n a°m-hn-Pb bm{X°v Hcp-ßns°m≠ncp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ˜
lmXzn_v (`°VQ- á©à∏H »HCG øH ÖWÉM) F∂p-t]-cp≈ Hcp kzlm_n a°x-bn-te°v
t]mIp∂ Hcp kv{Xohiw Hcp kzIm-cy-IØv Izpssd-in-Iƒ°v sImSp-Ø-b-
4924
®p. dkq¬ ˜ Atßm´p hcp-∂p-≠v, kq£n-°Wsa∂m-bn-cp∂p IØnse
˜
D≈-S-°w. \_n °v CXv hlvbv aqew Adn-hm-bn. Xncp-ta\n thKw, Aen
(d) apX-emb Nnesc hnfn®p B kv{Xo JmJv (ñÉN á°VhQ) F∂ tXm´-Øn¬
D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw, kv{XobpsS ]°¬\n∂v B Fgp-Øp-hmßn hc-W-
sa∂pw I¬]n-®-b-®p. Ahƒ BZyw IØv \ntj-[n-®p-sh-¶n-epw, Aen (d)
òj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Xs‚ apSn-s°-ń¬\n∂v IsØ-Sp-Øp-sIm-Sp-Øp.
˜
IØv Inń-b-t∏mƒ \_n lmXzn_v (d)s\ hnfn®p ImcWw tNmZn-®p. At±-
l-Øns‚ adp-]Sn CXm-bn-cp∂p: dkq-te, Rm≥ Ckveman¬ h∂-tijw Ahn-
izm-kn-bm-bn-ń√; Ahn-SpsØ KpW-Imw-£n-bm-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ahn-SpsØ
h©n®n´p-an√; Izpssd-in-Isf hn´p-t]m-∂-tijw Ahsc kvt\ln-®n-´p-an-√.
]t£, Rm≥ Izpssd-in-I-fn¬s]-´-h-\-s√-¶nepw Ah-cp-ambn sI´p-]m-Sp-≈-
h-\m-Wv. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS IqsS-bp≈ F√m aplm-Pn-d-pIƒ°pw Xs∂ (\mw
Ahn-sS-s®∂v Izpssd-in-I-fp-ambn G‰p-ap-´p∂ ]£w) Ah-cpsS hI-bmbn
Ahn-sS-bp≈ IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw kzØp-°-sfbpw ImØp-c-£n-°p-hm-\p≈
_‘p-°ƒ Ah¿°v Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. (F-\n°v AXn-√.) F\n°v Izpssd-in-I-
fp-ambn IpSpw-_-_-‘-an-√mØ ÿnXn°v Ah¿ (A-hn-sS-bp-≈) Fs‚ IpSpw-
_sØ Im°p-amdv Hcp klmb lkvXw Ah¿°v \¬Ip-hm≥ Rm≥ Dt±-in-
®p. A{X-am-{Xw. A√m-sX, Ahn-izm-k-tam, Ckveman¬ \n∂p≈ hyXn-bm-
\tam \nanØw sNbvX-X-√.At±-l-Øns‚ Hgn-I-gnhv \_ n ˜ kΩ-Xn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp.Da¿(d) ]d™p:"dkq-te, Fs∂ hnt´°q C u I]-S-hn-izm-
kn-bpsS IgpØv Rm≥ shń-°-f-bmw.'Xncp-ta\n: At±lw _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬
]s¶-SpØ Bfm-Wv. Xm¶ƒ°v F¥-dn-bmw, _Zvdn¬ kw_-‘n-®-h-tcmSv Hcp
]t£, A√mlp ]d-™n-cn°mw; \nßƒ Dt±-in-®Xv sNbvtX-°pI: Rm≥
˜
s]mdp°pw F∂v! CXmWv kw`hw. \_n CXv ]d-™-t∏mƒ Da¿(d) IÆp-
\o-scm-gp°n F∂pw, Cu BbØv Cu hnj-b-Øn-emWv Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂pw
_pJm-cn-bpsS Nne cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn-ep-≠v.
Zpcp-t±-iw-sImt≠m h©-\-\n-an-Øtam A√ lmXzn_v (d) CXv

sNbvsX-∂pw, Xs‚ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ c£-°p-th≠n Zo¿L-Zr-jvSn-bn-√msX
A_≤w {]h¿Øn-®X - m-sW∂pw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. At±lw Hcp aplm-
Pndpw _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ Bfp-am-Wv. a\p-jy-k-l-P-amb Zu¿∫eyw
{]hm-N-I≥am-c-√mØ a\p-jy-cn-se√mw A\p-`-h-s∏-t´-°pw. Aßs\ Hcp
˜
A_≤w ]nW-™p-t]m-sb-¶n-epw, ]n∂o-St- ±lw \_n t- bmSv ]d™ hm°p-
Iƒ At±-lØ - ns‚ \njvIf - ¶
- a\-xÿnXn XnI®pw shfn-hm-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-
¶nepw Zp¿\ym-b-ßƒ ]d™p sX‰v eLq-I-cn-°p-hm≥ At±lw apXn¿∂n-√.
CXv kzlm-_n-I-fpsS amXr-Im-]-c-amb Hcp kz`m-h-a-s{X.
Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn® kµ¿`w GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, AXn-e-S-

4925
ßnb Imcyw F√m kµ¿`ßƒ°pw _m[-I-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
B \ne-°m-Wv, i{Xp-°-fp-ambn apkvenwIƒ kvt\l-_‘hpw, kzIm-cy-Iq-
´p-sI´pw ÿm-]n-°p-∂Xv hºn® sX‰m-sW-∂pw, taen¬ Bsc-¶nepw A{]-
Imcw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿ Zp¿am¿Kn-bm-Wv -F∂pw A√mlp Kuc-h-]q¿∆w
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-Xpw. Cu \ntcm-[-Øn\v A√mlp FSpØp ImWn-® -Im-c-
W-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Hmtcm∂pw AXn\v aXn-bmb Imc-Wa
- m-sW∂v hy‡-
am-Wv.
!2! \nßsf Ah¿°v ]nSnIn-

´p- ∂ - ] - £ w, Ah¿ \nßƒ°p
i{Xp-°-fm-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw, \nß-fp-
sS-t\sc Xn∑-bp-ambn Ah¿ Ah-
cpsS ssIIfpw \mhp-Ifpw \o´p-
Ibpw sNøp- ∂ - X m- W v . \nßƒ
Ahn-iz-kn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ (sIm-≈m-
am-bn-cp-∂p) F∂v Ah¿ B{K-ln-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
!2! Ah¿°v \nßsf ]nSn-In-ń-bm¬, \nßsf Is≠-Øn-bm¬
Ah¿ \nßƒ°v Bbn-Øocpw i{Xp-°ƒ Ah¿ \o´p-
Ibpw (hn-cp-Øp-I-bpw) sNøpw \nß-fpsS t\sc, \nß-fn-te°v
Ah-cpsS ssIIsf Ah-cpsS \mhp-I-sfbpw Xn∑-bpw-sIm≠v,
Xnø-Xp-ambn Ah¿ B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp, tamln-®p, sImXn-°p∂p
\nßƒ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F∂v
Iøpw \mhpw \o´p-sa∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w, tZtlm-]-{Z-hhpw A{I-
ahpw \S-Øp-I-bpw, NoØbpw iIm-chpw s]mgn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂m-Ip-
∂p.
!3!\nß-fpsS c‡-_-‘-ß-fm-
I- s ´, \nß- f psS a°- f m- I - s ´,
Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fn¬ \nßƒ°v D]-
I- c n- ° p- I bn- √ - X - s ∂. Ah≥
[A√mlp] \nß-fpsS CS-bn¬ (Xo-
cp-am-\s- a-Sp-Øp) th¿]n-cn-°p-∂X - m-
Wv.
A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-
∂p.
4926
!4! C_vdm-lo-an-epw, At±-l-
Øns‚ IqsS- b p- ≈ - h - c nepw
\nßƒ°v \√-Xmb Hcp amXr-I-
bp- ≠ m- b n- ´ p≠v ; (A- s X) Ah¿
Xß- f psS P\- X - t bmSv ]d™
kµ¿`w:
"\n›-b-ambpw Rßƒ, \nß-

fn¬\n-∂pw, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn-\v-
]p-dsa Bcm-[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-
h-bn¬\n∂pw (_-‘-a-‰v) Hgn-hm-b-
h-cm-Ip∂p; Rßƒ \nßsf Ahn-
izkn [\ntj- [ n]- ® n- c n- ° p∂p;
A√mlp GI≥ F∂ \ne°v
\nß-f-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv-h-
tc°pw ˛F-°m-e-Øpw˛ Rßƒ
°pw \nßƒ°p- a n- S - b n¬ i{Xp-
Xbpw hntZz- j hpw shfn- s ∏- S p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p'.
(]t£) C_v d mlow Xs‚

]nXm- h n- t \mSv "\n›- b - a m- b pw,
Rm≥ Xm¶ƒ°p-th≠n ]m]-tam-
N\w tXSpw; A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v
Xm¶ƒ°v bmsXm-∂pw-Xs∂ (sN-
øm≥) Rm≥ A[o- \ - a m- ° p-
∂n√'F∂v ]d- ™ - s Xm- g nsI
[CXn¬ \nßƒ°p amXr-I-b-n√].
(A-h¿ ]d-™n-cp∂p:) "Rß-
fpsS dt∫, \ns‚-ta¬ Rßƒ `c-
ta¬]n®p; \ns‚ ASp-°-te-°v
Xs∂ Rßƒ (hn-\-b-s∏-´p) aS-
ßp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; \n¶-
te°v Xs∂-bmWv Xncn-s®-Ø-
epw.
4927
!5! "Rß-fpsS dt∫, Ahn-iz-
kn-®-Xmb Bfp-Iƒ°v Rßsf
\o Hcp ]co-£W (]m-{X)-am-°-
cptX! Rßƒ°v s]mdp-Øp-X-cp-
Ibpw sNtø- W - t a˛ Rß- f psS
dt∫! \n›-b-ambpw \o Xs∂-
bmWv AKm-[-⁄-\mb {]Xm-]-
im-en'.
3! \nßƒ°v D]-I-cn-°p-I-bn√ Xs∂ \nß-fpsS c‡
(Ip-Spw-_)-_-‘-ßƒ \nß-fpsS a°fpw C√ Iznbm-a-
Øp-\m-fn¬ Ah≥ ]ncn-°pw, Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp°pw \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬
A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-
h-\mWv !4! \nßƒ°p≠mbn-´p≠v amXrI \√-Xmb
C_vdm-ln-an¬ At±-l-Øns‚ IqsS-bp-≈-h-cnepw
Ah¿ ]d™ kµ¿`w Ah-cp-sS P\-X-tbmSv \n›-b-ambpw
Rßƒ Hgn-hm-b-h-cmWv \nß-fn¬\n∂v \nßƒ Bcm-[n®p
hcp-∂-h-bn¬\n∂pw A√m-lp-hn\p ]pdsa \nß-fn¬ \mw
Ahn-iz-kn®p (\n-ß-sf \ntj-[n-®p) Rß-fpsS CS-bn¬ shfn-s∏´p
\nßƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ i{Xp-X, ]I hntZz-jh
- pw, Aa¿jhpw
F°meØpw \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc A√m-lp-hn¬
Ah≥ GI-\mb \ne-bn¬ C_vdm-lo-ans‚ hm°p (]-d-
™Xv) HgnsI Xs‚ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv \n›-b-ambpw
Rm≥ Xm¶ƒ°v ]m]-tam-N\w tXSpw Xm¶ƒ°v Rm≥ A[o-\-
am-°p-∂n√ (F-\n°v Ign-hn-√) A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v bmsXm-∂pw-

Xs∂ Rß-fpsS c£n-Xmth \ns‚ ta¬ Rßƒ `c-ta¬]n®p
\n∂n-te°v Xs∂ Rßƒ a\- p-a-S-ßn, hn\-b-s∏´p \n¶-te-
°p-X-s∂-bmWv Xncn-s®-Ø¬, aS°w !5! Rß-fpsS dt∫
Rßsf \o B°-cptX Hcp ]co-£Ww (]-co-£-W-]m-{Xw)
Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°v Rßƒ°v s]mdp-Øp-X-cp-Ibpw thWta
Rß-fpsS dt∫ \n›-b-ambpw \o Xs∂ {]Xm-]-imen
AKm-[-⁄-\m-b, bp‡n-am-\mb
4928
Xulo-Zn-s‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw i{Xp-°-fmb Bfp-I-fp-ambn \nßƒ°v
bmsXmcp Iq´p-sI´pw kvt\l-_‘ - hpw ]mSn-s√-∂p-≈X - n\v C_vdmlow \_n
(A)-bp-sSbpw At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w hniz-kn-®-h-cp-sSbpw Ncy-bn¬Xs∂
\nßƒ°v \√ amXr-I-bp≠t√m. \nß-tfmSpw \nß-fpsS Bcm-[y-h-kvXp-
°tfmSpw Rßƒ°v bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-s√-∂pw, A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-
°mØ Ime-tØmfw \mw XΩn¬ {]Xy£ i{Xp-°-fm-sW∂pw Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS FXn-cm-fn-I-tfmSv Xpd∂p {]Jym-]n-®n-cp-∂p. Xß-fpsS Imcyw Ah¿
A√m-lp-hn¬ `c-ta-ev]n-°p-I-bpw, i{Xp-°-fn¬\n∂v c£°pw ]m]-tam-N-\-
Øn-\pw-th≠n Ah¿ {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AY-hm, i{Xp-
°-fp-ambn h√ thgvNbpw ÿm]n-°p-hm-t\m, Ah¿°v hg-ßp-hmt\m {ian-
°m-sX, Ah¿ k[ocw Dd-®p-\n-∂p AXp-t]m-se-bmWv \nßfpw sNtø-≠-
Xv. ]t£, C_vdmlow \_n (A) At±-l-Øns‚ Ahn-izmknbmb ]nXm-hn-
\p-th≠n ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn¬ \nßƒ At±-l-Øns‚
amXrI kzoI-cn®p IqSm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fnse
Bi-b-Øns‚ Npcp-°w.
]nXm-°-tfmSv a°ƒ°v kzm`m-hn-I-am-bp-≠m-Ip∂ hm¬k-ey-hpw,
kz¥w ]nXmhv \∂m- b n- Ø o- c p- h m- \ p≈ tamlhpw \nan- Ø - a m- b n- c n°pw
C_vdmlow (A) ]nXm-hn-\p-th≠n ]m]-tam-N\w tXSmsa∂v ]d-™-sX∂v
hy‡-am-Wv. F¶nepw AXv amXr-I-bm-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂pw, C_vdmlow (A)
Aßs\ sNøm≥ Imc-W-sa-¥m-sW∂pw kq: Xu_x 113,114 ¬ A√mlp
hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. B hN-\-ß-fpsS kmcw C{]-Im-c-amWv: "ASpØ IpSpw-
_-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂m-epw, Ah¿ \c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°m-cm-sW∂v hy‡-am-bn-°-
gn-™-tijw apivcn°p-Iƒ°p-th≠n ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-hm≥ {]hm-N-I-t∂m
hniz-kn-®-h¿t°m ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. C_vdmlow At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn-\p-
th≠n ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-b-Xv, Abm-tfmSv At±lw sNbvXn-cp∂ Hcp
hmKvZØw \nan-Ø-a-√msX as‰m-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂n-´v, Abmƒ A√m-lp-
hns‚ i{Xp-hm-sW∂v At±-l-Øn\v hy‡-am-b-t∏mƒ At±lw Abm-
fn¬\n∂v Hgn-™p-am-dn'.(114,113:áHƒàdG - ïdG º«gGôHG QÉØ¨à°SG ¿Éc Éeh ¬dƒb ¤EG - »Ñæ∏d ¿Éc Ée)
\_n-amsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcmƒ \c-I-°m-cn¬ s]´-h-\m-

sW∂ hkvXpX hlvbv aqew Adn-bp-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. \_n-am-c-√m-Ø-
hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw \_n-am¿ aptJ\ hnhcw In´msX CXv km[y-a-
√. F¶n-epw, Hcmƒ in¿°n-epw, Ip^vdnepw (_-lp-ssZh hnizm-k-Ønepw
Ahn-izm-k-Øn-epw) BWv ac-W-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v I≠m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿°pw
AXv a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m. AYhm At∏mtg AXv Dd-∏n-°m-hq. GXv A{I-an-
bpw, GXv ]m]nbpw ac-W-Øn\v apºv ]›m-Ø-]n-®m¬ A√mlp am∏p-sN-
bvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. GsX-¶nepw am¿K-Øn-eq-sS, in¿°n-s‚bpw Ip^vdn-
s‚bpw Bsf∂v hy‡-am-bn-°g - n™ Bƒ°v th≠nbpw ]m]-tam-N\ - Ø
- n\pw
4929
c£°pw {]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v Cu
Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒsIm≠v kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ˛ C∂sØ ]ptcm-K-
a-\m-i-b-°m-sc∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ Nne Bfp-Iƒ sNøm-dp-≈-Xp-t]m-se˛ kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-f-√mØ Bfp-Iƒ ac-W-s∏-´-tijw Ah-cpsS im¥n°pw tam£-
Øn-\pw th≠n apkvenwIƒ {]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂-Xpw, AXn¬ ]¶p-h-ln-°p-
∂Xpw A\nkveman-Ia - mb Zpcm-Nm-ca
- m-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠X- n-√. C_vdmlow \_n
(A)-bp-sSbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sSbpw amXr-I-sb-°p-dn®v ho≠pw A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p:˛
! 6! Xo¿®- b mbpw Ah- c n¬

\nßƒ°v \√-X mb amXr-I-b p-
≠m-bn-cp∂p; AXm-b-Xv, A√m-lp-
hn- s \- b pw, A¥y- \ m- f n- s \bpw
{]Xo- £ n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ -
h¿°v. Bsc-¶nepw Xncn™p If-
bp- ∂ - ] £w At∏mƒ, \n›- b -
ambpw A√m- l p- X - s ∂- b mWv
[\y\pw kvXpXy¿l-\p-am-bp-≈-
h≥.
6! Xo¿®-bmbpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v, D≠m-bn-cp∂p \nßƒ°v
Ah-cn¬ amXr-I, XpS¿® \√-Xmb bmsXm-cp-h\v
A`n-e-jn-°p-∂, {]Xo-£n-®p-h-cp∂ A√m-lp-hns\ A¥y-\m-
fn-s\bpw Bsc-¶nepw Xncn™p t]mIp-∂-Xm-bm¬ F∂m¬
\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp Ah-\s{X [\y≥, Ah≥ A\m-{i-b-\s{X
kvXpXy¿l-\mb
A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw A¥y-\m-fn-s\-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ `b-hpw, A∂sØ

Znhkw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂p≈ {]Xn-^-ehpw c£bpw e`n-°-W-sa∂ B{K-
lhpw D≈-h¿ am{Xta {]kvXp-X-am-XrI kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dp-≠m-hp-I-
bp-≈q. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ AXv kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-f-f-s´, kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-
dn-√m-Ø-h-sc-s°m≠v A√m-lp-hn\v bmsXmcp tZmjhpw _m[n-°p-hm-\n-√.
AXns‚ `hn-jyØv Ah¿°p-X-s∂-bmWv A\p`-h-s∏-Sp-I F∂v kmcw. Cu
hN-\-ßƒ kzlm-_n-I-fpsS lrZb-Øn¬ F{X-am{Xw kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-
bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v Hcp DZm-l-cWw ImWpI: A_q-_-Iv¿ (d)s‚ aIƒ
Akvam-Dv (d)s‚ hoń¬ Ah-cpsS amXm-hv˛ amXmhv A∂v hniz-kn-®n-´p-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√˛ Ah¿°v Nne kΩm-\-ß-fp-ambn h∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ amXm-hns\
4930
kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. amXm-hns\ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈p-hm≥ \_n D]- ˜
tZ-in-®-Xn-\p-ti-jta Ah¿ kzoI-cn-®p-≈q. (A; _p; ap.) lpssZ-_n-ø -k‘n
\ne-hn-ep≈ Ime-Øm-bn-cp∂p AXv. i{Xp-°f - p-am-bp≈ Cu kwL¿jm-hÿ
A[n-I-Imew \ne-\n¬°-bn-s√-∂pw, Xma-kn-bmsX AXn-s\mcp ]cn-lm-c-ap-
≠m-Ip-sa∂pw ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kam-iz-
kn-∏n-°p∂p:˛
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!7! \nßƒ°pw, Ah-cn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ i{Xp- X - s h- ® - h ¿°p- a n- S -
bn¬ A√mlp kv t \l- _ ‘w
D≠m-°n-tb-°mw. A√mlp Ign-hp-
≈-h\- mWv; A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-
°p-∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Wv.
7! A√mlp Btb°mw D≠m-°p-I, B°p-hm≥

\nßƒ°n-Sb
- n¬ bmsXmcp Iq´¿°p-an-Sb
- n¬ Ah-cn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ i{Xp-X-sh® kvt\l-_‘w A√mlp Ign-hp-f-f-h-\mWv
A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
"D≠m-tb°mw' F∂v A√mlp Hcp Imcy-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™m¬]ns∂

AXv D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-bn-°m-\n-√-t√m. AXm, a°m-hn-P-b-tØmsS
A°mcyw bYm¿∞-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Izpssd-in-Iƒ Ckvemw kzoI-
cn®p. Ad-_n-I-fm-I-am\w Xpcp-Xpsc Ckveman\v Iosgm-Xpßn AXns‚ ]Xm-
I-bn≥Iogn¬ AWn-\n-c-∂p. ]gb sshc-ß-fpw, ]pXnb i{Xp-X-I-fp-sa√mw
Ah-km-\n-®p. kmtlm-Zcyw ]q¿∆m-[nIw _e-s∏-´p. A√mlp ]d™p:
"A√mlp \nßƒ°v sNbvX A\p-{Klw Hm¿°p-hn≥. AXm-b-Xv, \nßƒ
i{Xp-°-fm-bn-cp∂ kµ¿`w: F∂n´v \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah≥
CW-°n-t®¿Øp. Aßs\ Ahs‚ A\p-{K-lw-sIm≠v \nßƒ ktlm-Z-c-
ß-fm-bn'.( 104: ¿GôªY ∫BG-ïdG ºµ«∏Y ¬∏dG áª©f GhôcPGh) `qan-bn-ep-≈Xv apgp-h\pw \o
Nne-hm-°n-bn-cp-∂mepw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \o CW-°n-t®¿°p-
am- b n- c p- ∂ n- √ . ]t£, A√mlp Ah¿°n- S - b n¬ CW- ° n- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
˜
(63: ∫ÉØfC’G-ïdG É©«ªL ¢VQC’G ‘ Ée â≤ØfCG ƒd) dkq¬ Hc-hk- c- Ø
- n¬ ]d™p: \nßsf
hgn-]n-g-®-h-cmbn Rm≥ I≠nt√? F∂n´v Fs∂-s°m≠v A√mlp \nßƒ°v
4931
am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬In. \nßƒ `n∂n-®h
- c
- m-bn-cp-∂nt√? F∂n´v A√mlp Fs∂-
s°m≠v \nßsf CW-°n.
F√m Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ kZm shdp∏pw i{Xp-

Xbpw ]pe¿tØ-≠-Xpt≠m? apkvenwI-f-√m-Ø-h-tcmSv apkvenwIƒ \√-\n-
e°v s]cp-am-td-≠-Xnt√? As√-¶n¬ GXp-Xcw Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv shdp∏pw
i{Xp-Xbpw ]pe¿Ø-W-sa-∂mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv? F∂n-ßn-s\-bp≈ kwi-b-
ßƒ°v ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ adp-]Sn ImWmw:˛
!8!aX(hn- j - b )- Ø n¬ \nß-
tfmSv bp≤w sNøp- I - b m- I - s ´,
\nß-fpsS hmk-ÿe - ß- f- n¬\n∂v
\nßsf ]pd- Ø m- ° p- I - b m- I s´
sNbvXn-ń-√m-Ø-h-sc-∏‰n A√mlp
\nß-tfmSv hntcm-[n-°p-∂n√; (A-
sX) \nßƒ Ah¿°v \∑ sNøp-
I-bpw, Ah-tcmSv \oXn-apd ]men-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv (hn-tcm-[n-°p-
∂n-√). \n›-b-am-bpw, \oXn-apd
]men-°p-∂-hsc A√mlp CjvS-
s∏-Sp-∂p.
9! aX-hn-j-b(-Øn¬) \nß-
tfmSv bp≤w sNøp-I-bpw, \nßsf
\nß- f psS hmk- ÿ - e - ß -
fn¬\n∂p ]pd- Ø m- ° p- I bpw,
\nßsf ]pd-Øm-°p-∂-Xn\v ]c-
kv ] cw ]n¥pW \¬Ip- I bpw
sNøp-∂h - s
- c-∏‰n am{Xta A√mlp
\nß- t fmSv hntcm- [ n- ° p- ∂ p- ≈ q;
(A-sX) Ah-tcmSv \nßƒ ssa{Xn-
Im-Wn-°p-∂Xv (am-{Xw).
Ah-tcmSv B¿ ssa{Xn ImWn-

°p-∂p-thm, A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bmWv
A{I-an-Iƒ.
4932
!8! A√mlp \nß-tfmSv hntcm-[n-°p-∂n√ bmsXmcp
Iq´-sc-∏‰n \nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNbvXn-ń-√mØ aX(-Im-cy)-
Øn¬ \nßsf ]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNømØ \nß-fpsS
hmk-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ (ho-Sp-I-fn¬) \n∂v Ah¿°v \∑ (Kp-Ww) sNøp-
∂-Xns\ \oXn-apd ]men-°p-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv \n›-b-ambpw
A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p, kvt\ln°pw \oXn-apd ]men-°p-∂-
hsc !9! \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp \nßsf hntcm-[n-°p∂p (≈q)
bmsXmcp Iq´-sc-∏‰n (am-{Xw) \nß-tfm-S-h¿ bp≤w sNbvXp
aX(hn-jb)Øn¬ \nßsf ]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp
\nß-fpsS hmk-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ ]n¥pW (k-l-I-
c-Ww) \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp \nßsf ]pd-Øm-°p-∂X
- n\v
AXm-bXv Ah-tcmSv ssa{Xn ImWn-°p-∂-Xns\ AhtcmSv B¿
ssa{Xn ImWn-°p-∂pthm F∂m¬ A°q-´¿ Xs∂ A{I-
an-Iƒ
c≠p-h-N-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Dt±iyw hy‡-am-W-t√m. Ctßm´p A{I-a-
Øn\pw Itø-‰-Øn\pw apXn-cmØ Btcm-Spw-˛ Ah¿ GXv aX-°m-cmbmepw
icn˛ Atßm´v i{XpX ImWn-°-W-sa∂v A√mlp Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.
am{X-a-√, Ah-tcmSv \oXn-apdb\p-k-cn®p s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂v t{]m¬km-ln-
∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]t£, Ctßm´v aX-hn-j-b-Øn¬ [n°m-c-Øn\pw
a¿±-\-Øn\pw hcp-∂-h-tcmSv kvt\lhpw ssa{Xnbpw ÿm]n-°p-hm≥
apkvenwIƒ Xp\n-bp-∂Xv A{I-a-am-Wv, Im]-Sy-am-Wv, Ip‰-I-c-am-Wv. c≠v
hN-\-ß-fn-sebpw Ah-km\ hmIy-ßƒ {]tXyIw a\- n-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-
Wv .
!10! tl, hniz-kn-®h- t- c, hniz-

kn® kv{XoIƒ \mSp-hn´p (A`-
bm¿∞n-I-fm-bpw) sIm≠v \nß-
fpsS ASp-°¬ h∂m¬, \nßƒ
Ahsc ]co- £ n- ® p- t \m- ° - W w.
Ah- c psS hnizm- k - s Ø- ∏ ‰n
A√mlp G‰hpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-
Wv.
4933
F∂n-´v, Ah¿ hnizm-kn-\n-I-fm-
sW∂v \nßƒ Adn- ™ m¬
Ahsc Ahn- i zm- k n- I - f n- t e°v
\nßƒ aS°n hnS- c p- X v. B
kv{XoIƒ Ah¿°v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-
a√; Ah¿ B kv { XoIƒ°pw
A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-hp-I-bn-√. Ah¿
[Ahn- i zm- k n- I ƒ] Nne- h - g n- ® Xv
\nßƒ Ah¿°v sImSp-°p-Ibpw
thWw.
\nßƒ B kv{XoI-fpsS {]Xn-
^-eß- ƒ[alvdpIƒ] sImSp-Øm¬
\nß-f-hsc hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xn-
\v \nß-fp-sS-ta¬ sX‰n-√. Ahn-
izm-kn-\n-I-fpsS kw_-‘-ßsf
[hnhm- l - _ - ‘ - ß sf] \nßƒ
sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw Acp-Xv.
\nßƒ Nne- h - g n- ® Xv \nßƒ
tNmZn®p (hm-ßn)-sIm-f-fp-Ibpw
sNøpI; Ah¿ Nne- h - g n- ® Xv
Ahcpw tNmZn®p (hm-ßn)-sIm-≈-
s´.
AsX√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n
(\n- b - a w) BIp∂p; Ah≥
\nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ hn[n-I¬]n-°p-
∂p. A√mlp k¿∆-⁄\ - pw, AKm-
[-PvR-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
10! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬

h∂m¬ hniz-kn® kv{XoIƒ lnPvdx (\m-Sp-hn-´p) hcp-∂-h-
cmbn \nß-f-hsc ]co-£n®p t\m°pI A√mlp G‰hpw
(\-√-t]m-se) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ah-cpsS hnizm-ksØ°p-dn®v
F∂n´v \nßƒ Ahsc Adn-™m¬ (t_m-[yw h∂m¬)
hnizm-kn-\n-I-fm-sW∂v F∂m-e-hsc \nßƒ aS-°-cpXv
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn-te°v Ah¿ (B kv{XoIƒ) A√ Ah¿°v
4934
A\p-h-Z-\obw Ahcpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-hp-I-bn√ Ah¿ (kv{Xo-
Iƒ)°v Ah¿°v sImSp-°p-Ibpw thWw Ah¿ Nne-h-gn-®Xv
\nßƒ°v sX‰n-√, Ip‰-an√ Ahsc hnhmlw
sNø¬ Ah¿°v \nßƒ sImSp-Øm¬ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-
ê(a-lv¿˛ hnhm-l-aq-ey)-ßƒ \nßƒ sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-cp-Xv,
]nSn-®p-sh-°c
- pXv kw_‘ (sI-´p˛ hnhml _‘)-ßsf Im^ndp
(A-hn-izm-kn)-I-fmb kv{XoI-fpsS \nßƒ tNmZn-®p-sIm-≈pI
\nßƒ Nne-h-gn-®Xv Ahcpw tNmZn-®p-sIm-≈s´ Ah¿ Nne-
h-gn-®Xv AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-bm-Wv, \nb-aa
- mWv Ah≥
hn[n-°p-∂p, \nb-an-°p∂p \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ A√mlp k¿∆-
⁄-\mWv AKm-[-⁄-\mWv
]e \nb-a-ßfpw XXz-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-XmWv tIhew Zo¿L-

amb Cu hN-\w. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ kvt\l-_-‘-Øn\pw ssa{Xn°pw
]mSn-√m-Ø-h¿ Bcm-sW∂pw Btcm-sS-√m-amWv \√ \ne°pw \oXn-ap-d-
tbmSpw s]cp-am-td-≠-sX∂pw hnh-cn-®-ti-jw, Ccp-Iq-´¿°p-an-S-bn¬ ]men-
°-s∏-tS-≠p∂ XXz-]c - h
- pw, \oXn-]c
- h
- p-amb Nne Imcy-ßƒ A√mlp hnh-
cn-°p-∂p.
kqd-Øp¬ ^Xvln¬ sh®pw a‰pw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse,

lpssZ-_nø k‘n \n›b {]Im-cw, apivcn°p-I-fpsS ]£-Øp-\n∂v
apkvenw ]£-tØ°v hcp-∂-hsc Xncn-®-b-®p-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa∂ \n_-‘\
sh®n-cp-∂p-ht- √m. k‘n-hy-hÿ - I- ƒ FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øs - ∏-´t- i-jw, a°x-
bn¬ \n∂pw Ckveman¬ hniz-kn®ncp∂ A_-ec - mb Nne Bfp-Isf \_n ˜
Cu hyh-ÿb - \
- p-kc
- n®p aS°n Ab-°p-Ibpw th≠n-h∂- p. CXp-t]m-se, hniz-
kn-®n-cp∂ Nne kv{XoIfpw lnPvdx°v Hcp-ßn-h-cp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah-scbpw
Xncn-®p-X-c-W-sa∂p Izpssd-in-Iƒ hmZn-®p. k‘n-\n-›-b-ßƒ ]pcp-j≥amsc
am{Xw _m[n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-∂pw, kv{XoI-sf-∏‰n AXn¬ H∂pw hyh-ÿ-sh-
˜
®n-ń-s√∂pw \_n adp-]Sn sImSp-Øp. Cß-s\-bp≈ kv{XoI-fpsS hnj-b-
˜
Øn-emWv Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn-®-Xv. Cu hN\w \_n -bpsS hmZw icn-sh-
°p-Ibpw, CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ XpS¿∂v kzoI-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠p∂ \S-]-Sn-
Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah Cßs\ kw{K-
ln°mw:˛
4935
(1) Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ]£-Øv\n∂p h√ kv{XoIfpw Xßƒ kXy-
hn-izm-kn-\n-If
- m-sW∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v apkvenwI-fpsS ASp-°¬ A`-bm¿∞n-
I-fmbn h∂m¬, Ah-cpsS hmZw icn-bm-sW∂v Dd∏p hcp-Øp-hm-\mbn Ahsc
]co-£n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Ah-cpsS bYm¿∞ \ne-sb-∏‰n A√m-lp-hn\v [mcmfw
Adn-bmw. ]t£, _mly-amb ÿnco-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wt√m
Cl-Ønse \nb-a-\S]Sn-Iƒ FSp-°-s∏-Sp-I. AXp-sIm≠v apkvenwIƒ°v
Ah-cpsS \ne-]mSv t_m≤y-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. Cu I¬∏-\-{]-Imcw \_n ˜
lpssZ-_nbm Icm-dn\v tijw h∂ B kv{XoIsf ]co-£n-°-bp-≠m-bn. Xm≥
h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv `¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ hntZzjw sIm≠-s√-∂pw, \mSp-hn´p as‰mcp
\mń¬ t]mIp-hm-\p≈ B{Klw sIm≠-s√-∂pw, sFlnI \∑sb Dt±-in-®-
s√-∂pw, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw dkq-en-t\m-Sp-ap≈ kvt\lw sIm≠v am{X-am-
sW∂pw Hmtcm kv{Xobn¬ \n∂pw kXy-hm-Mvaqew e`n® tijta Ahsc
Xncp-ta\n kzoI-cn-®p-≈q.
(2) Aß-s\, ]co-£-W-Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿ bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-\n-I-

fm-sW∂v t_m≤yw h∂p Ign-™m¬, Ah-sc-∏ns∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb
`¿Øm-°-fp-sStbm \m´p-Im-cp-sStbm ASp-°-te°v aS°n Ab-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-
√. Ccp-Iq-ćpw hnizm-k-Øn¬ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v F\n Ah¿°v
tbmPn®p t]mIp-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.
(3) kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn® kv{XoIfpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-

j≥amcpw XΩn¬ hnhm-l-_‘w ]mSn-√.
(4) kv{Xo apkvenam-bn-Øo-cp-I-bpw, ]pcp-j≥ Ahn-izm-k-Øn¬ \ne-

sIm-≈p-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ XΩn-ep≈ hnhm-l-_‘w th¿s]-Spw.
(5) CXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, ]pcp-j≥ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-tijw

kv{Xo Ahn-izm-k-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n-∂mepw hnhm-l-_‘w XpS-cp-∂-X-√˛ Zp¿∫-e-
s∏-´p-t]m-Ipw.
(6) kv{Xo apkvenam-b-Xv-\n-anØw hnhm-l-_‘w th¿s]-´p-t]m-Ip-

tºmƒ B kv{Xosb apkvenwIƒ°v hnhmlw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu Bb-
Øns‚ Ah- X - c - W - t Øm- S p- I qSn CsX√mw Ckv e mans‚ ÿnchpw AwKo-
IrXhpamb \nb-a-ß-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p. CXn-\p-apºv Ch-sb-°p-dn®v {]tXyI \nb-
a-ß-sfm∂pw Ckveman¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂n-ń-√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ]p{Xn ssk\_v (d)s\ hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp∂
A_p¬Bkzv (`°VQ-¢UÉ©dG GƒHCG)-am-bp≈ _‘w th¿s]-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv.
ssk\_v (d) BZyta apkvenam-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿ a°x-bn¬ `¿Øm-thm-
sSm-∂n®p Xs∂ Xma-ka - m-bn-cp-∂p. A_p¬-Bkzv (d) _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬ _‘-
4936
\-ÿ-\m-bn. At±-l-Øn\v tamN-\-aqeyw \¬tI-≠-Xn\v ssk\_v (d) Ah-
cpsS Hcp B`-cWw Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. B B`-cWw Ah¿°v Ah-
cpsS amXmhv JZoPx _ohn- (d)bn¬\n∂v e`n-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp I≠-t∏mƒ
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ AenhvtXm-∂n. Aß-s\, kzlm-_n-Iƒ A`n-{]m-
b-s∏-´X
- \- p-kc
- n®v ssk\_v (d)sb aZo-\x-bn-te°v Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-°W
- s
- a∂ \n›-
b-tØm-Sp-IqSn A_p¬Bkzv hn´-b-°-s∏-´p. \n›-b-{]-Imcw ssk\_v (d) aZo-
\xbn¬ FØn. ]n∂oSv A¬]w sIm√-ßƒ°p-ti-j-amWv A_p¬-Bkzv (d)
kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-Xv. A\-¥cw Ah-cpsS ]gb hnhm-l-_‘w XpS-cp-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
(7) ta¬]-d-™-{]-Imcw hnhm-l-_‘w apdn-™p-t]mb kv{XoIsf

apkvenwIƒ hnhmlw sNøp-tºmƒ B kv{XoIƒ°v Ah-cpsS alv¿ ˛a-cym-Z-b-
\p-k-cn®v \¬I-s∏-tS-≠p∂ hnhm-l-aq-eyw˛ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. "Ah¿ Nne-h-gn-
®Xv'( Gƒ≤ØfCG Ée) F∂pw "B kv{XoI-fpsS {]Xn-êw' (øgQƒLCG) F∂pw ]d-™-
Xns‚ hnh£ hnhm-l-aq-ey-am-Ip∂ "alv¿' F∂m-Ip-∂p.
(8) ap≥hn-hm-l-ß-fn¬ B kv{XoIƒ°v Ah-cpsS `¿Øm-°ƒ sImSp-

Øn-cp∂ alv¿, apkvenwIƒ°v Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n-∂pw, Ahn-izm-kn-
Iƒ°v apkvenwI-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂pw Xncn®p hmßm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu C\-Øn¬
apkvenwI-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂v \¬I-s∏-tS-≠p∂ kwJy°v "K\o-aØv' apX-emb
s]mXp-\n-[n-bn¬\n∂p Camw (`c-W-t\-Xm-hv) ]cn-lmcw D≠m-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F\n
AapkvenwI-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂v Cu C\-Øn¬ e`n-t°-≠p∂ kwJy Ah-
cn¬\n∂v e`n-°p-hm≥ am¿K-an-√m-Ø-]-£w, AXn-\p≈ ]cn-lmcw A√mlp
XpS¿∂v \n¿t±-in-°p∂p:˛
! 11! \nß- f psS `mcy- a m-
cn¬\n∂v h√-hcpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-
fn-te°v (t]m-bn) \nßƒ°v \jvS-
am-Ip-I-bpw, F∂n´v \nßƒ A\-
¥-c-\-S-]Sn FSp-°p-Ibpw (A-Yhm
AXn-∂-h-kcw hcp-Ibpw) sNbvXp-
sh-¶n¬.
At∏mƒ, .bm-sXmcp Iq´-cpsS
`mcy- a m¿ (\- j v S - s ∏- ´ p) t]mtbm
Ah¿°v Ah¿ Nne- h - g n- ® - X p-
t]mse \nßƒ sImSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-
hn≥. \nßƒ bmsXm-cp-h\ - n¬ hniz-
kn- ° p- ∂ - h - c mtWm B A√m- l p-
hns\ \nßƒ kq£n- ° p- I bpw
sNøp-hn≥.
4937
!11! \nßƒ°v ]mgmbn (\-jvS-am-bn) t∏msb-¶n¬ h√Xpw
(h-√-h-cpw) \nß-fpsS `mcy-am-cn¬\n∂v Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn-
te°v (t]m-bn-´v) F∂n´v \nßƒ A\-¥c \S-]Sn FSp-Øm¬ (\n-
ßƒ°v Dugw e`n-®m¬) F∂m¬ \nßƒ sImSp-°p-hn≥ bmsXm-
cp-h¿°v t]mb-Xmb Ah-cpsS `mcy-am¿ bmsXm-∂p-t]mse
Ah¿ Nne-h-gn® \nßƒ kq£n-°bpw sNøp-hn≥
bmsXmcp A√m-lp-hns\ \nßƒ Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-
cm-Ip∂p
AXm-bXv apkvenwI-fpsS `mcy-am-cm-bn-cp-∂-h¿ Aapkvenw ]£-tØ°v
t]mIp-I-bpw, Ah¿°v sImSp-Øn-cp∂ alvdns‚ kwJy Ah-cn¬\n∂v In´p-
hm≥ am¿K-an-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ AXn-\p≈ \nhm-c-Ww CXmWv:
AapkvenwI-fp-ambn AXn\v A\-¥c \S-]Sn ssIsIm-≈p-hm≥ Ah-kcw
ImWp-tºmƒ B \jvS-kwJy CuSm-°n-sIm-Sp-°-Ww. bp≤-Øn¬ K\o-aØv
kzØp-°ƒ e`n-°p-∂-]£w AXn¬\nt∂m As√-¶n¬ apkvenwI-fpsS `mK-
Øp-\n∂v Ah¿°v sImSp-t°-≠-Xp≈ alvdp hI-I-fn¬\nt∂m CXv CuSm-
°n-s°m-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. K\o-a-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂v CXv Ign®p _m°ntb Hmlcn
sNø-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≈q. CXv kw_-‘amb hni-Z-hn-h-c-ßƒ ^nIzvlv (I¿a-
im-kv{X) {KŸ-ß-fnepw a‰pw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hnhm-l-Øn¬ alvdn\p≈
ÿm\-hpw, AXns‚ DØ-ch - m-Zn-ØØ
- ns‚ Kuc-hhpw Ckveman¬ F{X-am{Xw
hºn-®-Xm-sW∂v CXn¬\n-s∂ms° {Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂n-´pw, Hcp
amaq¬, As√-¶n¬ \nb-a-]-c-amb Hcp NSßv F∂v am{Xta ]e ]WvUn-
X≥am¿t]mepw alvdns\-∏‰n C∂v [cn-®n-´p-≈q-sh-∂Xv hfsc tJZ-I-c-am-
Wv.
!12! tl, \_n-tb, hnizm-kn-
\nI-fmb kv{XoIƒ, Xßƒ A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSv bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw ]¶v
tN¿°p-I-bn-s√∂v "ss_AØv'
[{]Xn⁄] \¬In-s°m-≠v -\ns‚
ASp-°¬ h∂m¬,˛
Ah¿ tamjv S n- ° p- I - b p- a n- √ ,
hy`n-Nmcw sNøp-I-bp-an-√, Xß-
fpsS k¥m-\-ßsf sIme-s∏-Sp-
Øp-I-bp-an-√,
4938
Xß-fpsS ssIIm-ep-Iƒ°n-S-
bn¬ sh®v (a-\x-]q¿∆w) sIń-®-a-
°p∂ bmsXmcp I≈- h m- Z hpw
sIm≠p-h-cn-I-bp-an-√,˛
Hcp (k-Zm-Nm-c]
- c
- a
- m-b) k¬Im-
cy-Ønepw \nt∂mSv Ah¿ A\p-k-
c- W - t °Sv ImWn- ° p- I - b p- a n√
F∂pw (ss_-AØv \¬In-s°m-
≠p- h - ∂ m¬), \o Ah- t cmSv
"ss_AØv' ({]Xn-⁄) hmßn-
s°m- ≈ pI; Ah¿°p- t h≠n
A√mlphnt\mSv ]m]- t am- N \w
tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-I. \n›-b-am-
bpw, A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-
h-\m-Wv, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
12! tl, \_ntb \ns‚ ASp-°¬ h∂m¬

hniz-kn® kv{XoIƒ \nt∂mSv ss_AØv ({]-Xn-⁄)-\¬In-s°m≠v
Ah¿ ]¶v tN¿°-bn-s√∂v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv bmsXm-
∂n-s\bpw Ah¿ tamjvSn-°pI (I-fhv \S-Øp-I)-bn√ F∂pw
hy`n-Nmcw sNbvI-bp-an√ sIme sNbvI-bp-an√ Xß-fpsS
k¥m-\-ßsf Xßƒ hcn-I-bp-an√ I≈-hm-Z-hpw-sIm≠v, \pW-
bp-ambn Xßƒ sIń-®-a-°p∂ Xß-fpsS ssIIƒ°nS-
bn¬sh®v Xß-fpsS Imep-Iƒ°pw \nt∂mSv Ah¿
A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°-bn√ (F-∂pw) Hcp kZm-Nm-c-Øn-epw,
k¬Im-cy-Ønepw F∂m¬ \o Ah¿°v ss_A-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-I, Ah-
tcmSv {]Xn⁄ hmßpI Ah¿°p-th≠n ]m]-tam-N-\hpw tXSpI
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
ap≥hn-j-b-ß-fp-ambn Hcp Xc-Øn¬ _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-ßƒX-s∂-
bmWv Cu hN-\-Ønepw D≈-Xv. a°m-hn-P-b-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v a°m-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ
\_n bpsS ASp-°¬h∂v Xßƒ Ckvemans\ AwKo-I-cn-®-Xm-bpw, ˜
Ckv e man- I - i m- k - \ - I ƒ A\p- k - c n®v Pohn- ° p- h m≥ Xøm- d p- ≈ - X mbpw
4939
ss_AØv( á©«H-˛-{]-Xn-⁄) \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. (a‰v Nne {]tXyI kµ¿`-
ß-fnepw Cßs\ ss_AØv \S-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.) Iq´-Øn¬, a°x-bnse
kv{XoIfpw ss_A-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. kv{XoIƒ ss_A-Øn\p hcp-
tºmƒ Ah-cn¬\n-∂v ss_AØv hmtß-≠p∂ cq]w A√mlp Cu hN-\-
Øn¬ FSp-Øp-Im-´p-∂p. s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ P\n-®m¬ Poh-t\msS Ipgn-®p-aq-Sp∂
Hcp k{º-Zmbw Pmln-enøm Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. AXp-
t]m-se-Ø-s∂, A\y-]p-cpj kv]¿i-\-Øn¬ P\n® Pmc-k-¥m-\-ßsf
kz`¿Øm-°-fpsS k¥m-\-ß-fm-bpw, GsX-¶nepw Hcm-fpsS Ahn-lnX Iq´p-
sI-ń¬ P\n® Ipń-Isf kv{Xo CjvS-s∏-Sp∂ as‰m-cm-fp-sSXmbpw \n›-bn-
°p∂ ]Xnhpw Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CsX√mw Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠mWv
k¥m-\-ßsf sIm√p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, ssIIm-ep-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ sh®v sIń-®-a-
°p∂ I≈-hmZw sIm≠p-h-cn-I-bn-s√∂pw (ïdG ÚJCÉj ’h øgO’hCG ø∏à≤j ’h) Ah-cpsS
ss_A-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. k¥m-\-ßƒ P\n-®p-h-f-cp-∂Xp
kv{XoI-fpsS ssIIm-ep-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ sh®m-W-t√m. C{Xbpw kv]jvS-ambn
Adn-bm-hp∂ Hcp ]®-∏-c-am¿∞sØ ad-®p-sh-®mWv B I≈w sIń-®-a-°p-
∂-sX-∂s{X B hm°v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
±hô©e (a-Avdq^v) F∂ hm°n¬ _p≤n-sImt≠m aXw aptJ-\tbm

\√ Imcy-ßf - mbn Adn-bs - X√mw (*) Dƒs∏-Spw. Adn-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂s - ∏-´Xv F∂mWv
hm°¿∞-sa-¶nepw kZm-Nm-cw, k¬ImcywFs∂m s°bmWv Dt±iym¿∞w.
ôµæe (ap-≥I¿= Zpcm-Nm-cw, ZpjvIm-cyw) F∂mWv CXns‚ FXn¿]-Zw. Nne
{]tXyI D]m-[n-Iƒ BZyw FSpØp ]d-™-ti-jw, k¬Im-cy-ß-fn¬s]´
GsXm∂p I¬]n-®mepw AXv A\p-kc - n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ib- n-s√∂v ss_A-Øns‚
hmN-IØ - n¬ Hcp s]mXp D]m-[n-IqSn sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv {it≤-ba - m-Ip-∂p. A√m-
lp-hns‚ Iev]-\-s°-Xn-cmbn B¿°pw H∂pw I¬]n-°p-hm≥ A[n-Im-c-an-√.
Aßs\ Iev]n-®m¬ AXv A\p-kc - n-t°-≠X - p-an-√. F∂m¬, A√mlp \n¿_-
‘-am-°n-bn-ń-√mØ Imcy-am-bn-cp-∂m-epw, k¬Im-cy-ß-fpsS C\-Øn¬s]´
˜
Hcp Imcyw \_n -tbm, DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏´ t\Xmthm I¬]n-®m¬ AXv a‰p-
≈-h¿ A\p-k-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v F∂v CXn¬\n∂pw a‰p ]e sXfn-hp-I-
fn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. h√-hcpw ac-W-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ, Pmln-en-ø-Øn¬ ]Xn-
hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xpw, C∂pw Nne kap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xp-amb hnem-]-
tKm-jvSn-I-fpw, A\p-tim-N-\-N-S-ßp-Ifpw \S-Øp-I-bn-s√∂pw kv{XoI-fpsS
ss_A-Øn¬ \_n ˜ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂Xmbn lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v.
CXpwaAvdq^ns‚ C\-Øn¬ s]´-Xp-X-s∂.
Hcmƒ Hcmƒ°v ss_AØv sNøp-tºmƒ At\ym\yw ssI]n-Sn-®p-
ÖZG ôdG äGOôØe- Éª¡H ôµæj Ée ôµæŸGh áæ°ùM ´ô°ûdGh π≤©dÉH ±ô©j π©a πµd º°SG ±hô©ŸG (*)
4940
sIm-≠mWv AXv \S-°m-dp-≈X ˜
- v. F∂m¬, \_n kv{XoI-fp-ambn ss_AØv
\S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Hmtcm kv{Xobpw ta¬]-d™ \n_-‘-\-I-sf√mw kzoI-cn-
®p-I-gn-™-tijw Ah-tcmSv ∂dP ≈∏Y ∂à©jÉH ~b (X-t∂mSv A{]-Imcw Rm≥
{]Xn⁄ \S-Øn) F∂v ]d-bp-I-b-√m-sX, kv{XoIƒ°v ssI sImSp-°p-I-bp-
≠m-bn-ń√ F∂v BCix (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. (_p.) Rßƒ°v
ssI X-cm-Ø-sX-¥m-sW∂v kv{XoIƒ tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ "Rm≥ kv{XoIƒ°v
˜
ssIsIm-Sp-°p-∂-X√' F∂v \_n ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (A) kqd-Øns‚
Bcw-`-Øn¬ kwkm-c-hn-j-b-am-bn-cp∂ Imcyw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf hnfn®v
ho≠pw H∂v Npcp°n Bh¿Øn-®p-W¿Øn-sIm≠v Cu kqdØv kam-]n-
°p∂p:˛
! 13! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,

A√mlp tIm]n- ® n- ´ p≈ P\- X -
tbmSv \nßƒ ssa{Xn ÿm]n-°-
cp-Xv. Iz_vdp-I-fn-ep-≈-hsc kw_-
‘n®v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \ncm-i-s∏-
ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, ]c-tem-I-
sØ kw_-‘n®v Xo¿®-bmbpw
Ah¿ \ncm-i-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
13! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ ssa{Xn ÿm]n-

°-cp-Xv, kvt\l-_‘w ]pe¿Ø-cpXv Hcp P\-X-tbmSv A√mlp
tIm]n-®n-cn-°p∂p Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ \ncm-i-
s∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p, Bi- a p- d n™p ]c- t em- I sØ kw_- ‘ n®v
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \ncm-i-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse Iz_vdp-
I-fn-ep-≈-h-sc-∏‰n, Iz_vdns‚ Bƒ°m-cn¬s]´
A√mlp "tIm]n® P\X' F∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw, A√m-

lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn\pw im]-Øn\pw ]m{X-amb F√m Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw
Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. Izp¿-B-\n¬ blq-Zn-I-sf-∏-ddn {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≈
Nne {]kvXm-h-\-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n blq-Zn-I-fmWv ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa-
∂s{X Nne¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. A√mlp-hn-\-dn-bmw. H∂m-asØ A`n-
{]mbw A\p-k-cn®v Ah-km\ hmIy-Øns‚ kmcw Cu c≠n-sem-cp-{]-Im-c-
am-bn-cn°mw:
4941
(1) B Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ Iz_vdn-ep-≈-hsc kw_-‘n®v Bi apdn-
™n-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se, ]c-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn®pw Bi apdn-™n-´p-≠v. AXm-bXv
acn®p aÆ-S-™p-t]m-b-hsc Xncn-®p-In-´p-sa∂ {]Xo£ Ah¿°n-√m-Ø-Xp-
t]m-se, ]c-tem-IØ
- p-sh®v h√ KpWhpw e`n-°p-sa∂ {]Xo-£bpw Ah¿°n-
√. ]c-tem-I-Ønepw ac-Wm-\-¥c kw`-h-ß-fnepw Ah¿°v hnizm-k-an-√-t√m.
(2) Iz_vdp-I-fn-ep-≈-h-sc-°p-dn®v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ Bi apdn-™-h-

cm-sW-∂-Xp-t]m-se, blq-Zn-Iƒ ]c-tem-I-Kp-W-Ønepw Bi \jvS-s∏-´-h-cm-
Wv. blq-Zn-Iƒ ]c-tem-IsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-c-s√-¶n-epw, Xß-fpsS tXm∂n-
b-hm-kß
- ƒ \nanØw Xßƒ°v c£-bn-s√∂v Ah¿°p-Xs∂ Adnbmw F∂v
Xm¬]-cyw.
B hmIy- Ø n\v Cß- s \bpw A¿∞w I¬]n- ° - s ∏- ´ n- ´ p≠v :

Iz_vdns‚ Bƒ°m-cn¬s]´ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \ncm-i-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se, B P\-
X˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn\v hnt[-bc - mb P\-X˛ ]c-tem-IsØkw_-‘n®v
\ncm-i-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. acn®p Iz_vdp-I-fn¬In-S-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v ]c-
tem-IØv \∑ e`n-°p-sa∂ {]Xo-£-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. AXp-t]mse ac-
W-s∏´ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw B {]Xo-£-°v Ah-Im-i-an√ F∂v
kmcw. øe (an≥) F∂ Ahy-b-Øn\v "kw_‘n®v' F∂pw "C¬\n∂v' F∂pw
A¿∞w hcmw. CXn¬\n∂mWv Cu hyXykvX A¿∞-ßƒ°v km[y-X-bp-
≠m-b-Xv. CX-\p-k-cn®v QƒÑ≤dG ÜÉë°UCG øe QÉØµdG ¢ùÄj Éªc F∂ hmIy-Øn\v "Iz_vdnse
Bƒ°m-cn¬\n-∂p≈ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \ncm-i-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse' F∂pw, BZyw
]d- ™ - X - \ p- k - c n®v "Ahn- i zm- k n- I ƒ \ncm- i - s ∏- ´ - X p- t ]mse' F∂pw
hnh¿Ø\w \¬Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. GXv kzoI-cn-®mepw Dt±iyw hy‡w Xs∂.
º∏YCG ¬∏dGh
π° ØdGh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
4942
`mKw 28 ∞°üdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 61 kz^v^v
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
∞°üdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
61. kqdXp kvkz^v^v

Øn¬.
! 1! BIm- i - ß - f n- e p- ≈ - X pw,
`qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw (F-√mw) A√m-lp-
hn\v kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-
∂p.-Ah - ≥ AKm-[⁄- \
- mb {]Xm-
]-im-en-b-s{X.
!1! ¬p ∏q dp í
n Ñs °n S A√m-lp-hn\v kvtXm{XIo¿Ø\w sNøp∂p ä
p GnhÉnª°s ùdG »paÉne BIm-
i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw Ah≥ {]Xm-]-im-en-
bs{X AKm[-⁄-\mb
CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ hN-\ß - fpw Ah-bpsS hymJym-\hpw H∂n-e[

- nIw kqd-
Øp-I-fn¬ apºv Ign-™n-´p-≠v.
! 2! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,
\nßƒ sNøm-ØXv \nßƒ ]d-
bp-∂Xv F¥n-\p-th-≠n-bm-Wv?!
!3! \nßƒ sNøm-ØXv ]d-

bpI F∂p-≈-Xv, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
hfsc henb t{Im[-I-c-am-bn-´p-≈-
Xm-Wv.
4943
!2! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv
F¥n-\p-th-≠n-bmWv \nßƒ sNøm-Ø-Xv, {]h¿Øn-°m-ØXv !3!
hfsc hep-Xm-Wv, hºn-®-XmWv t{Im[w, t{Im[-Øn¬ A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ \nßƒ ]d-b¬, ]d-bp-I-sb-∂Xv \nßƒ
sNøm-ØXv
A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿KØn¬ bp≤w-sN-øm≥ A\p-aXn Inń-bm¬ sIm≈m-

sa∂v B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib
- pw, bp≤w \nb-an-°s
- ∏-Sp-tºmƒ Nne¿°Xv
Ak-ly-am-bn-tØm-∂p-Ibpw sNbvX kµ¿`-Øn-emWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-
X-cn-®-sX∂v A[n-I-ap-^- n-dp-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw CXp-
kw-_-‘n®p h∂n-´p-≠v. ASpØ hN\w CXn\v ]n≥_ew \¬Ip-∂Xpw
ImWmw. Ah-X-cn® kµ¿`w GXm-bmepw AXnse Bibw kv]jvS-am-bXpw
Kuc-h-ta-dn-b-Xp-amb Hcp s]mXp-XXzw BIp-∂p. hmKvZ-Ø-am-bn-t´m, i]Yw
aptJ-\-tbm, t\¿®m-cq-]-Øn-tem˛ Fß-s\-bm-bmepw icn˛ \√ Imcy-ßƒ
sNøm-sa∂v hmb-sIm≠p ]d-™m¬ AXv {]hr-Øn-bn¬ hcp-Ø¬ B
]d™ Bfp-I-fpsS IS-a-b-s{X. sNøm≥ Xøm-dn-√m-Ø-Imcyw sNbvXp- sIm-
≈m-sa∂v ]d-b¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp°¬ hºn® t{Im[-I-c-am-b-Xm-Wv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ t{Im[-Øn\v Imc-W-amb GXp Imcyhpw Ip‰-I-c-am-sW∂v
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m.
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-bpsS (ap-\m-^n-Izn-s‚) AS-bmfw aqs∂-Æ-am-Wv.
"Ah≥ hmKvZØw sNbvXm¬ ewLn-°pw, h¿Ø-am\w ]d-™m¬ Ifhv ]d-
bpw, hniz-kn-°-s∏-´m¬ NXn°pw'(_p, ap.) F∂ \_n-h-N\w {]kn-≤-am-W-
t√m. as‰mcp \_n-h-N\w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "\mep-Im-cy-ßƒ GsXm-cp-h-
\n¬ D≠mtbm Ah≥, X\n -I-]-S-hn-izm-kn-bm-Ip-∂p. Ah-bn¬ H∂v Bcn-
se-¶nepw D≠m-bn-cp-∂m¬ AX-h≥ Dt]-£n-°p-∂X - p-ht- c°pw Im]-Sy-Øns‚
Hcp Imcyw Ah-\n¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. hniz-kn-°-s∏-´m¬ NXn-°p-I, h¿Ø-
am\w ]d-™m¬ Ifhv ]d-bp-I, DS-ºSn sNbvXm¬ h©n-°p-I, ]nW-ßn-
bm¬ tXm∂n-b-hmkw {]h¿Øn-°p-I'.(_p, ap.) Ban-dp-_v\p-d-_oAx
(`°VQ-á©«HQ øH ôeÉY) ]d-bp-Ib ˜
- mWv: "Rm≥ Ipń-bm-bn-cp∂ ImeØv dkq¬ Rß-
fpsS ASp-°¬ hcp-I-bp-≠mbn. Rm≥ Ifn-°p-hm≥ t]mb-t∏mƒ Fs‚ DΩ
Ft∂mSv ]d™p: 'Ctßm-´p-hm, Rm≥ \n\°v Xcmw'. CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ Xncp-
ta\n tNmZn®p: "F¥mWv \nßƒ Ah\v sImSp-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv?'
Ah¿ ]d™p: "Imc°-'. At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "F∂m¬, Aßs\
sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ AXv \nß-fpsS t]cn¬ If-hmbn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-am-bn-
cp-∂p.'(A.) {]h¿Ø-\Ø - n¬ hcp-Øp-hm-\p-t±-in-°mØ hm°p-If - psS Kuchw
CXn¬\n-s∂√mw a\- n-em-°mw.
4944
!4! \n›-b-ambpw A√m-lp,
Hmcmbw tN¿Øp-≠m-°-s∏´ Hcp
`nØn Ft∂mWw Hcp AWn-bmbn
Ahs‚ am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤w sNøp-
∂-hsc CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p.
4! \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p

bp≤w sNøp-∂-hsc Xs‚ am¿K-Øn¬ Hcp AWn (\n-c)-bmbn
Ah≥ BsW-∂-Xp-t]mse Hcp ]Shv (`n-Øn˛ aXn¬˛ sIń-Sw)
Hmcmbw tN¿°-s∏-´, Cubw Hgn-°-s∏-´, CS-Xq¿°-s∏´
CSbv°v H´pw hnS-hn-√m-Ø, hfhpw ]pf-hp-an-√msX sI´p-dt- ∏m-Sp-IqSn AWn-
sI-ń-\n-∂p-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ k[ocw i{Xp-°-tfmSv AS-cm-
Sp∂ ]S-bm-fn-Isf A√mlp {]iw-kn-°p-Ib - pw, t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. AWn-D-d-∏n®p \n¬°pI-sb-∂Xv tIhew Hcp ]´m-f-®n´ am{X-a-√, i{Xp-
hns‚ ]cm-P-b-Øn\p AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-hp-am-Wv. kwL-ambn \a-kvI-cn-°p-
tºmƒt]mepw AWn-Iƒ A{]-Imcw Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ \_n bpw kzlm- ˜
_n-Ifpw hf-sc-b-[nIw \njvI¿jn-®n-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mseØs∂, Hcp hcn
icn°pw ]q¿Øn-bmb tijta ASpØ hcn ]q¿Øn-bm-°mhq F∂pw Xncp-
ta\n I¬]n- ® n- c p- ∂ p. Xncp- t a\n Cßs\ Xm°oXpw sNbv X n- ´ p- ≠ v .
¬«∏Y ≥Øàe-ºµgƒLh ÚH ¬∏dG øØdÉî«d hCG ºµaƒØ°U ¿ƒ°ùàd (\n-ßƒ \nß-fpsS AWn-Isf icn-
s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. A√m-Ø-]£w \nß-fpsS apJ-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ A√mlp `n∂n-
∏p-≠m-°pw. (_p. ap.) AYhm \nß-fpsS Dt±-iy-ß-fnepw KXn-I-fnepw
Ass\Iyw kw`-hn°pw F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. C∂v \ΩpsS ÿnXntbm? \a-
kvI-cn-°p-hm≥ \n¬°p-tºmƒ AWn-sbm-∏n®p \n¬°epw, sXm´p-sXm´p
\n¬°-ep-sa√mw Xosc Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°-bm-Wv. Nne¿°Xv Xß-fpsS
]cn-jvIm-c-Øn\v tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xm-bpw, a‰p Nne¿°v Xß-fpsS A¥- n\v
\nc-°m-ØX - mbpw tXm∂p-Ib ˜
- mWv? CXns‚ êw˛ \_n Xm°o-Xp-sNbvX
AtX Ah-ÿ˛ \mw A\p`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°bpw sNøp-∂p. apkvenwI-fpsS
A`y-¥-c-Im-cy-ß-fn-em-I-s´, Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fp-am-bp≈ kao-]-\-ß-fn-
em-Is´, ]c-kv]cw tbmPn®p h√Xpw {]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ B{K-l-tam,
km[y-Xtbm C√m-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. H´pw hnj-aw-Iq-SmsX \n¿∆-
ln-°m-hp∂ C°m-cyw˛ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ AWn-i-cn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬˛ t]mepw
˜
\_n F{Xtbm Du∂n-∏-d-™n-´p-Iq-Sn˛ Ku\n°m-Ø-h¿ ka-cm-¶-W-Øn¬
i{Xp-°-fpsS apºmsI Fßs\ AWn icn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mWv?! ≈µà°ûŸG ¬∏dG ¤EGh
4945
!5! aqkm Xs‚ P\-X-tbmSv
]d™ kµ¿`w (Hm¿°p- I ):
"Fs‚ P\-ß-tf, \nßƒ F¥n-
\mWv Fs∂ D]- { Z- h n- ° p- ∂ Xv ?
Rm≥ \nß- f n- t e°v A√m- l p-
hns‚ dkq-em-sW∂v \nßƒ°v
Adn-bm-at√m!'
Aß-s\, Ah¿ (t\¿am¿Kw)
sX‰n-b-t∏mƒ, A√mlp Ah-cpsS
lrZ-b-ßsf sXd-dn-®p-I-f-™p.
A√mlp Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cmb P\-
Xsb k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂-Xp-a-
√.
5! aqkm ]d-™t- ∏mƒ Xs‚ P\-Xt- bmSv Fs‚

P\-ßtf F¥n-\mWv \nß-sfs∂ D]-{Z-hn-°p-∂-Xv, sskzcw sISp-
Øp∂p \nßƒ°dn-bm-at√m Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚
ZqX-\m-sW∂v \nß-fn-te°v Aßs\ Ah¿ sX‰n-b-t∏mƒ
A√mlp sX‰n®p Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf A√m-lp-hm-Is´
Ah≥ k≥am¿K- Ø n- e m- ° pI (t\¿am¿Kw ImWn- ° p- I )bn√
Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cmb (tXm-∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fm-b) P\-X°v
aqkm \_n (A)sb Ckvdm-Cu-ey¿ t{Zmln-®-Xn\pw sskzcw sISp-Øn-b-

Xn\pw ]e DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw Izp¿-B-\n¬Xs∂ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Xolv
h\m-¥-c-Øn¬sh®v Ah¿°v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ê-kvXo-\n¬ {]th-in-
°p-hm≥ At±lw I¬]n-®-t∏mƒ AhnsS i{Xp-°-fp-ambn G‰p-ap-t´-≠n-h-cp-
sa∂v I≠-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ hnk-Ω-Xn-®p. AhnsS hº≥am-cmb Hcp P\-X-
bm-Wp-≈-Xv. Ah¿ Ahn-sS-\n∂v t]mb-√msX Rßƒ AhnsS {]th-in-°p-
Ibn√ F∂v Ah¿ ]d-™p. am{Xtam? thW-sa-¶n¬ \obpw \ns‚ d∫pw
t]mbn - b p≤w sNbv X p- s Im- ≈ pI; Rßƒ ChnsS Ccn- ° p- I - b m- W v .
( ¿h~YÉb Éæ¡g ÉfG ÓJÉ≤a ∂HQ h âfCG ÖgPG) F∂phsc Ah¿ Xpd∂p ]d™p. HSp-°w
aqkm (A) ZpB sNbvXp. "dt∫! Fs‚ tZl-sØbpw Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c-s\-
bp-a-√msX Rm≥ A[o-\-am-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Rßƒ°pw Zp¿∂-S-∏p-
Im-cmb P\-X-°p-an-S-bn¬ \o th¿s∏-Sp-ØtW!' (ïdG-»NGh »°ùØf ’G ∂∏eG ’ ÊEG qÜQ)
Cu cwKw H∂v Btem-Nn-°pI! Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX B {]hm-N-I-h-cy≥
Ime-KXn {]m]n-®p. B P\-X-bm-Is´ \m¬]-Xp-sIm√w B h\m-¥-c-Øn¬
4946
h´w Id-tß-≠nbpw h∂p. Ckvdm-Cu-ey¿ aqkm \_n- (A) tbmSv sNbvX-
Xp- t ]mse \nßƒ \nß- f psS \_n- t bmSv A\p- h ¿Øn- ° - c p- s X∂v
apkvenwItfm-Sp≈ Xm°o-XmWv Cu hN-\w. ASp-Ø- h-N-\-Øn¬, Cukm
\_n (A)-bpsS P\X kzoI-cn® \bw kzoI-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
ImWmw.
!6! a¿b-ans‚ aI≥ Cukm
]d™ kµ¿`w (Hm¿°p- I ):
Ckvdm-Cu¬ k¥-Xn-I-tf, \n›-
b- a mbpw Rm≥, \nß- f n- t e°v
A√m- l p- h ns‚ dkq- e m- I p∂p;
Xudm-Øm-Ip∂ Fs‚ apºn-ep-≈-
Xns\ [thZ- { K- Ÿ sØ] kXy-
am(°n icn- s h)- ° p- ∂ - h - \ m- b n-
s°m≠pw, Fs‚ tijw hcp-∂-
Xm-b, AlvaZv [A[nIw kvXpXn-
bp-≈h - ≥] F∂p-t]-cp≈ Hcp dkq-
en-s\-°p-dn®v kphn-tijw Adn-bn-
°p-∂h - \
- m-bn-s°m≠pw (\n-tbm-Kn-
°-s∏-´-h-\m-Wv).
Aßs\, At±lw hy‡-amb
sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ah-cn¬ h∂-
t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p: CXv (X-
\n) kv]jvSa - mb Pme-amWv F∂v!
6! ]d™ kµ¿`w a¿b- a ns‚ aI≥ Cukm

CkvdmCu¬ k¥-Xn-Itf \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ A√m-
lp-hns‚ ZqX-\mWv \nß-fn-te°v kXy-am-°p∂ (i-cn-sh-°p-∂)-
h-\m-bn-s°m≠v Fs‚ apºn-ep-≈-Xns\ Xudm-Øm-Ip-
∂, Xudm-Øn¬\n∂pw kphn-tijw (k-t¥m-j-hm¿Ø) Adn-bn-°p-∂-
h-\mbpw Hcp dkq-en-s\-°p-dn®v hcp-∂, At±lw hcpw
Fs‚ tijw At±-l-Øns‚ t]¿ AlvaZv (A-[nIw kvXpXn-bp-≈-
h≥) F∂mWv F∂n´v At±lw Ah¿°v h∂-t∏mƒ hy‡-
amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ah¿ ]d™p CXv Pme-amWv
kv]jvS-amb (X-\n)
Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS ZutXym-t±-iy-ß-fn¬ {][m-\-amb c≠v Imcy-ß-
fmWv At±lw Xs‚ P\-X-bmb Ckvdm-Cu-eysc Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xv.
4947
(1) At±-l-Øns‚ apºv Ah-X-cn-®-Xpw, Xs‚ apºn¬ \ne-hn-ep-≈-
Xp-amb Xudm-Øns‚ kXyX ÿm]n-°p-I-bpw, icnsh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
AYhm AXns‚ \nb-a-ßƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-ØpI
(2) Xs‚ tijw "AlvaZv' F∂v t]cp≈ Hcp dkq¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂ kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°p-I. AYhm B dkq-ens\ A\p-k-cn-°p-
hm≥ P\-ßsf k÷-am-°p-I. Cukm (A) Hcp ]pXnb \nba kwln-X-
sIm≠p h∂n-ń-s√-∂pw, At±lw Xudm-Øns‚ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-Isf A\p-I-
cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw CXn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. At±lw sIm≠p-
h∂ thZ-{K-Ÿ-amb "C≥Poem'Is´, D]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sSbpw kphn-ti-j-ß-fp-
sSbpw kam-lm-ch- p-am-Ip-∂p. "C≥Po¬' F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w Xs∂ "kphn-
tijw' F∂-s{X, Cu hkvXpX ss__vfpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn¬
Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: "Rm≥ \ymb-{]-am-Ws - Ø-tbm, {]hm-NI
- ≥am-sctbm \ot°-
≠-Xn\v h∂p F∂v \ncq-]n-°-cp-Xv. \o°p-hm-\-√, \nh¿Øn-∏m-\s{X Rm≥
h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv.' (a-Ømbn 5; 17.)
F\n, Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS tijw hcm-\n-cn°p∂ "AlvaZv' F∂

dkq-en-s\-°p-dn-®mWv ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm-\p-≈-Xv. \_n ˜{]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn
Ppss_-dp-_v\p-apXzvCw (º©£e øH ÒÑL) hgn _pJmcn (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: F\n°v
]e t]cp-Iƒ D≠v. Rm≥ "apl-Ω-ZmWv' (A-[n-I-ambn kvXpXn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-
\m-Wv) Rm≥ "AlvaZp'amWv (A-[nIw kvXpXn-bp-≈-h-\m-Wv). Rm≥
"amlo'bpamWv (am-bn-®p-I-f-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv). Fs∂-s°m≠v A√mlp Ahn-izm-
ksØ ambn-®p-I-f-bp-∂p.ôØµdG »H ¬∏dG GƒëÁ …òdG »MÉŸG ÉfGh ~ªMCG ÉfCGh ~ªfi ÉfCG AÉª°SCG ‹ ¿EG
…QÉîÑdG -ïdG CXn¬\n∂v AlvaZv F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n Xncp-ta\n sb Dt±- ˜
in-®p-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m. Cukm \_n (A)°pw Xncp-ta-\n-
°p-an-S-bn¬ thsdmcp dkq¬ h∂n-´p-f-f-Xmbn Adn-b-s∏-ń-ń-√-Xm\pw. Xncp-
ta-\n-bm-sW-¶n¬ A¥y-{]-hm-NI-\p-am-Wv.
˜
\_n bpsS BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n Cukm (A) \¬Inb kphn-ti-j-
ßƒ AtX-]Sn C∂sØ C≥Po-ep-I-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-hm≥ \ymb-an-√. Imc-
Ww, bYm¿∞ C≥Po¬ C∂v \ne-hn-en-s√∂v ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-´-XmWv.
ssIISØs∏´ C≥Po-ep-I-fn-em-I-s´, G‰-hp-a-[nIw ssII-S-Ø-en\p hnt[-
˜
b-amb hnjbw \_n sb kw_-‘n-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv -Xm-\pw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw
Izp¿-Bs‚ Cu {]kvXm-h-\sb icn-sh-°p-∂Xpw \njv]-£-a-Xn-Iƒ°v a\-
n-em-°p-hm≥ DX-Ip-∂-Xp-amb Nne Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ C∂sØ C≥Po-ep-I-
fn¬t]mepw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ t\m°pI:˛
(1) tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Xnb kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ (C-≥Po-en¬) tbip

4948
]d-™-Xmbn ]d-bp∂p: "... F∂m¬ Rm≥ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv (ssZ-h-tØm-Sv)
tNmZn°pw. Ah≥ "kXy-Øns‚ Bflmhv' F∂ as‰mcp Imcy-ÿs\
Ft∂°pw \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ccn-t°-≠-Xn\v \nßƒ°v Xcpw....(14: 16) "]cn-
ip-≤m-flmhv' F∂ Imcy-ÿ≥ \nßƒ°v kIehpw D]-tZ-in®p Xcn-I-bpw,-
Rm≥ \nß- t fmSv ]d- ™ Xv Hs°bpw \nßsf Hm¿a- s ∏- S p- Ø p- I bpw
sNøpw.'(14: 26) .....\nßƒ°v Ab-∏m-\p≈ Imcy-ÿ-\mbn ]nXm-hns‚ ASp-
°¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ "kXym-flmhv' hcp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Fs∂-°p-dn®v
km£yw ]d-bpw.(15: 26)....... Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv kXyw ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥
t]mIp-∂Xv \nßƒ°v {]tbm-P\w; Rm≥ t]mIm-™m¬ "Imcy-ÿ≥' \nß-
fpsS ASp-°¬ hcn-I-bn-√. Rm≥ t]mbm¬ Ahs\ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬
Ab-°pw. Ah≥ h∂p ]m]-sØ-°p-dn-®pw, \oXn-sb-°p-dn-®pw, \ymb-hn-[n-
sb-°p-dn®pw temI-Øn\v t_m[w hcp-Øpw.(16: 7˛8.) temIØv C∏-d-™-
{]-Imcw "t_m[w hcp-Ønb' "Imcy-ÿ≥' \_n Xncp-ta-\n-b-√msX a‰m- ˜
cmWv?! Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. tbml-∂m≥ ho≠pw XpS-cp∂p: "C\nbpw
hfsc \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp-hm-\p-≠v. F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v Ct∏mƒ hln-∏m≥
Ign-hn-√. kXy-Øns‚ Bflmhv hcp-tºm-tgm, Ah≥ \nßsf kI-e-k-Xy-
Ønepw hgn-\-S-Øpw. Ah≥ kzb-ambn kwkm-cn-°m-sX, Xm≥ tIƒ°p-∂Xv
kwkm-cn-°b - pw, hcp-hm-\p-≈Xp \nßƒ°v Adn-bn®p Xcn-Ibpw sNøpw .....'(16:
12 ˛ 13.) Cu HSp-hn-esØ hmIy-ßƒ kq: \Pvanse 3 Dw 4 Dw hN-\-ß-fnse
Bi-b-a-s{X.
{In. 1844¬ e≠-\n¬ A®-Sn® C≥Po-ens‚ Cw•ojv ]Xn-∏n¬ "kXy-

Øns‚ Bflmhv' F∂ hm°n\p ]Icw "]md-Iz-eoØ' (Pareclete= §«∏b QÉa)
F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv bq\m\n ({Ko-°v) ]Z-am-Wv. C≥Po-ens‚ Ad_n ]Xn-∏p-
I-fn¬ Cu ]Zw kpe-à - m-Ip-∂p. Cu hm°n\v "Bizmkw \¬Ip-∂h - ≥, Bizm-
k-{]-Z≥, Imcy-Z¿in' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A¿∞w \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu
hm°nt\mSv A£-cm¿∞-ßf - n¬ kmZr-iy-ap≈ as‰mcp hm°mWv ]od-Iz-eoØ
(Periclyte=§«∏b ÒH hCG ¢Sƒ«∏b ÒH) "alm≥, hn{ip-X≥, D∂-X≥' Fs∂ms° CXn\v
A¿∞w hcp-∂p. "apl-Ω-Zv, AlvaZv, alvaqZv' F∂o hm°p-I-fp-ambn A¿∞-
km-Zr-iy-ap-≈-h-bmWv CsX-√mw. Cukm (A) D]-tbm-Kn® bYm¿∞ hm°v
GXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. At±lw ln{_p (Hebrew= ájÈ©dG)
hmbn-cp∂p kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. At±lw ]d™ km£m¬ hm°n\v hnhn[
`mj-If - n-ep≈ ]cn-`m-jI - f
- psS I¿Øm-°f - pw, C≥Po-ep-IfpsS I¿Øm-°f - pw˛
Adnt™m Adn-bm-sX-tbm˛ Fs¥√mw A¿∞-hy-Xym-kß - ƒ hcp-Øn-bn-´p≠v
F∂v \ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. F¶n-epw, Ipsd am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ßƒ h∂n-´p-s≠-∂p-
f-f-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. A√m-Ø-]-£w, Htc hnj-b-Øn¬Xs∂ C≥Po-ep-Iƒ
]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-amb hnh-cWw \¬Ip-I-bn-√-t√m. eqt°m-kns‚ C≥Po-ens‚
Bcw`w-Xs∂ CXv sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ {]am-Wn-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Imcy-
4949
ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]ecpw Ncn{Xw Fgp-Xm≥ Xp\n-™n-cn-°-sIm-≠mWv X\n°v
CXv {Ia-ambn Fgp-Xp-hm≥ tXm∂n-bXv F∂v At±lw AXn¬ Xpd∂v ]d-
™n-cn-°p-∂p. (eq-t°mkv 1: 2˛ 4 t\m°p-I.)
ta¬Im-Wn® §«∏b QÉa F∂ ln{_p-]Z- Ø

- ns‚ ÿm\Øv ss__vfns‚
ae-bmf hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ D≈Xv "Bizm-k-{]-Z≥, kXy-Øns‚ Imcy-ÿ≥'
XpS- ß nb hm°p- I - f m- W v . Cw•ojv ss__v f p- I - f n- e m- I - s ´, Comforter,
Advocate F∂n-hbpw. Ad-_n-∏-Xn-∏p-I-fn¬ êÉfi,…ô©e F∂pw a‰pw ImWmw.
Cu hm°p-I-fpsS apºpw ]nºpw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ hnj-b-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-
°p-tºmgpw `mhn-bn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ {]hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®mWv B hm°v D]-
tbm-Kn-®-sX∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-XmWv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cukm (A) kphn-tijw
Adn-bn® Bsf-°p-dn®v At±lw D]-tbm-Kn® bYm¿∞ hm°v C≥Poens‚
I¿Øm-°ƒ am‰n-sh-®n-´p-s≠∂v Xo¿Øp-]-d-bmw.
{InkvXob N¿®p-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn® Hcp thZ-]p-kvX-I-amWv ]g-b-\n-

b-a-Ønse l§mbn. AXn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "Rm≥ BIm-i-sØ-bpw, `qan-
sb-bpw, IS-en-s\-bpw, Ic-sbbpw Cf-°pw. Rm≥ kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw Cf-
°pw. kI-e-Pm-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw "at\m-l-c-hkvXp" hcn-Ibpw sNøpw....F∂v
ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh (ssZ-hw) Acp-fn-s®-øp-∂p. (l-§m-bn, 2: 6 ˛ 7)
"Cf°pw' F∂-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv Ad_n ]Xn-∏p-I-fn¬ ∫õdRG (hn-d-sIm-≈n-°pw)
F∂pw, "at\m-l-c-hkvXp'hns‚ ÿm\Øv »¡à°ûe (Im-cy-am-b-Xv, tamln-°-s∏-
´-Xv)'F∂p-am-Ip-∂p.
Cu hm°v AlvaZv F∂ hm°p-ambn Bi-b-Øn¬ tbmPn-∏p-≠v.

ln{_p`m-j-bn¬ Cu ÿm\Øv \evI-s∏-Sp∂ hm°v "AlvaZv' F∂-Xn-t\mSv
cq]-km-Zr-iy-ap-≈-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬s]´ item-tams‚ DØ-a-Ko-
Xm-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ (5: 16¬) "Ah≥ k¿∆mw-K-kp-µ-c≥' F∂mWv ae-bm-f-∏-
Xn-∏n-ep-≈-sX-¶n¬, Ad-_n-∏-Xn-∏p-I-fn¬ äÉ«¡à°ûe ¬∏ch (A-hs‚ k¿∆hpw Imay-
am-Wv) F∂m-Wv. ln{_p-hn¬ Cu ÿm\-Øp≈XmIs´; "alva±ow' (Ëu~nªrëne)
F∂p-am-Ip-∂p. "lwZv' (~ªM) F∂ [mXp-hn¬\n-∂p-≈Xpw A¿∞-Øn¬ ]c-
kv]cw tbmPn-∏p-≈X - p-amb "AlvaZv, apl-ΩZ- v, alvaqZv' F∂n-ht- ]mse ln{_p-
`m-j-bn-ep≈ Hcp cq]-t`-Z-am-Wn-sXt∂ hnNm-cn-°m≥ Xc-ap-≈q. C{Xbpw ]d-
™-Xn¬\n∂v Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS kphn-ti-j-hm¿Ø apºv C≥Po-en¬
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, ]n∂o-S-Xn¬ ssII-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ h∂n-´p-s≠-∂pw,
F¶n¬IqSn AXns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn Nne-sX√mw C∂pw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p-
s≠∂pw {Kln-°m-a-t√m.
ÚÑe ôë°S Gòg GƒdÉb äÉæ«ÑdÉH ºgAÉL Éª∏a (A-ß-s\, At±lw Ah¿°v hy‡-
4950
amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn h∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p: CXv kv]jvS-amb Pme-
amWv F∂v.) "At±lw' F∂ k¿∆-\maw Cukm (A) kphn-tijw \¬Inb
˜
B dkq-ens\ \_n Xncp-ta\n sb ˛D-t±-in-®m-bn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv IqSp-X¬
˜
km[yX ImWp-∂-Xv. "Ah¿' F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±iyw \_n -bpsS P\-X-bp-
am-bn-cn-°pw. "At±lw' F∂v ]d-™Xv Cukm \_n (A)bpw "Ah¿' F∂v
]d-™Xv At±-l-Øns‚ P\-Xbpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw hntcm-[-an-√. º∏YCG ¬∏dG
\_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW∂ Ckvemans‚ auen-I-

XXzw kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-h-cpw, "JmZn-bm-\n-Iƒ' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-
cp- a mb Nne Alv a Znbm aX- ° m¿ Cu Bb- Ø n¬ {]kv X m- h n- ° - s ∏´
"AlvaZv'Xßƒ {]hm-N-I-\mbn kzoI-cn® "ao¿km-Kpemw AlvaZv' JmZn-bm-
\n-bm-sW∂v hmZn-°m-dp-≠v. {]hm-N-IXz kam-]vXn-bn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-
Xn¬\n∂v DS-se-SpØ Ah-cpsS At\I hymP-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ H∂p-am-{X-am-Wn-
Xv. Ch-cp-sS hmZ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kq: Alvkm-_n¬ \mw kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
! 7! A√m- l p- h ns‚ ta¬
hymPw sIń-®-a-°p-∂-h-s\-°mƒ
A{Ian Bcp≠v ; Ah- \ m- I - s ´,
Ckv e man- t e°v £Wn- ° - s ∏- S p-
Ibpw sNøp∂p (F- ∂ n- ´ pw)?!
A√m-lp, A{I-an-I-fmb P\-ßsf
k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn-√.
8! Xß- f psS hmb- s Im≠v

A√m- l p- h ns‚ {]Imiw sISp-
Øn°-f-bp-hm≥ Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p-
∂p. A√m- l p- h mI- s ´, Xs‚
{]Imiw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-h-\p-am-
Wv-˛ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v shdp-∏m-
bmepw icn.
9! Ah- \ - s {X, Xs‚ dkq-

ens\ am¿K-Z¿i-\-hpw, bYm¿∞-
aXhpw-sIm≠v Ab-®n-´p-≈-h≥,
F√m aX-sØ-°mfpw AXns\ (hn-
P-bn-∏n-®p) {]Xy-£s- ∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥
th≠n; _lp- s sZh hnizm- k n-
Iƒ°v shdp-∏m-bmepw icn.
4951
!7! BcmWv G‰w A{Ian sIń-®-a-®-h-s\-°mƒ
A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ hymPw, Ifhv Ah-\m-Is´ £Wn-°-s∏-
Sp∂p Ckveman-te°v A√mlp k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-
bn√ A{I-an-I-fmb P\-ßsf !8! Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p∂p
Ah¿ sISp-Øn°-f-bp-hm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Im-isØ
Ah-cpsS hmb-IƒsIm≠v A√m-lp-hm-Is´ Xs‚ {]Im-isØ
]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-h-\p-amWv shdp-Ømepw (A-Xr-]vXn-s∏-´m-epw) icn
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ !9! Ah≥ bmsXm-cp-h-\s{X Ab-®,
\ntbm-Kn® Xs‚ dkq-ens\ k≥am¿Khpw sIm≠v
bYm¿∞ (k-Xy) aXhpw AXns\ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥, hnP-bn-∏n-
°p-hm≥th≠n F√m aX-sØ-°m-fpw, aX-Øn\v aosXbpw shdp-
Ømepw (A-Xr-]vXn-s∏-´mepw) icn _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
Cu {]h-N\w ChnsS am{X-a-√, kq: Xu_x 32, 33 epw A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. hnip-≤-Izp¿-B-\pw, \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ˜
ZuXy-hn-j-b-ß-fp-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Im-iw-sIm≠v hnh-£. AXns\
hmb-sIm≠v DuXn-s°-Sp-Øp-hm-t\m, Zpcm-tcm-]-W-ßfpw A]-hm-Z-ßfpw hgn
sISp-Øn-°-f-bp-hmt\m B¿°pw km[y-a-√. e£y-ß-fp-sSbpw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-
fp-sSbpw ZrV-X, {]am-W-ß-fpsS kzoIm-cy-X, hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ kpc-£-
X, AXns‚ kXy-X, \ymb-X, hy‡X F∂n-h-aqew at‰Xv aX-sØ-°mfpw
AXv anI-®p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bn-cn-°pw. temI-ap≈ Ime-tØmfw kXy-\n-tj-
[n-Ifpw FXn-cm-fn-Ifpw AXn-∂p-≠m-tb-°mw. Ah-cpsS {]Xn-tj-[tam
Aa¿jtam AXn-s∂m-cn-°epw {]Xn-_-‘-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√. \_n {]h-N\w ˜
sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se, Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-I-sf-¶nepw AXns‚ bYm¿∞
A\p- b m- b n- I - f mbn temIm- h - k m\w hsc tijn- ° m- X n- c n- ° - b p- a n- √ .
(º∏°ùeh …QÉîÑdG ‘ Éªc)
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS Ime-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬,
in¿°n-s‚bpw Ip^vdn-s‚bpw Bƒ°m-sc√mw Ckveman\v hg-tß≠nh∂
Ncn{Xw {]kn-≤-am-Wv. Ckvema-√mØ GsXmcp aXsØ FSp-Ømepw B
aX-Øns‚ km£m¬{]-am-W-ambn AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-
Sp-∂-h¿°n-S-bn¬ ]cn-]q¿W-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp {KŸ-tc-J˛
bmsXm∂pw AXn¬ Iq´p-hmt\m Ingn-°p-hmt\m Cs√∂v Ah¿ GI-I-WvT-
ambn kΩ-Xn-°p∂ Hcp thZ-{K-Ÿw˛ ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v Ign-bp-I-bn-
4952
√-Xs∂.apkvenwIsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw, Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ F¥p-Xs∂
`n∂m-`n-{]mbw Ds≠-¶nepw Xß-fpsS aqe-{]-amWw hnip≤ Izp¿-B-\m-sW-
∂pw, AXn¬ h√Xpw tN¿°p-hmt\m Ipd-°p-hmt\m Cs√-∂p-ap≈ Imcy-
Øn¬ Ah¿ GIm-`n-{]m-b-°m-cm-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ, hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ \ne-hn-
ep≈ Ime-tØm-fw˛ AXm-I-s´, temIm-h-km-\w-hsc \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw
sNøpw˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Im-iw s]men-bm-sX-bpw, Ahs‚ aXw Xntcm-[m\w
sNøm-sXbpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!10! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc, thZ-
\- t b- d nb Hcp in£- b n¬\n∂v
\nßƒ°v c£ \¬Ip∂ Hcp
I®-h-S-sØ-∏‰n Rm≥ \nßƒ°v
Adn-bn®p Xc-s´tbm?-˛
11! \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn-epw,

Ahs‚ dkq- e nepw hniz- k n-
°Ww; A√m- l p- h ns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ \nß-fpsS [\-ßƒsIm-
≠pw, tZl-ßƒsIm≠pw kacw
sNøp- I bpw thWw. BbXv
\nßƒ°v KpW- I - c - a m- I p- ∂ p˛
\nßƒ°v Adn-bm-sa-¶n¬!
12! (F-∂m¬) \nß-fp-sS-]m-
]-ßƒ Ah≥ \nßƒ°v s]mdp-
Øp-Xcpw; ASn-`m-K-Øp-IqSn Acp-
hn- I ƒ Hgp- I n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂
kz¿K- ß - f n- e pw, ÿnc- h m- k -
Øns‚ kz¿K-ßf - n-ep≈ hnin-jvS-
amb ]m¿∏n-S-ß-fnepw \nßsf
Ah≥ {]th- i n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNøpw. AX- s {X, al- Ø mb
`mKyw.
4953
!13! as‰mcp Imcyhpw (Iq-Sn)
˛AXv \nßƒ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv
(A-sX) A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈
klm- b - h pw, Bk- ∂ - a mb Hcp
hnP-b-hpw! (\-_n-tb) kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°v \o kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø
Adn-bn-®p-sIm-≈p-I.
10! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ°v Rm≥ Adn-
bn®p Xc-s´tbm Hcp I®-hS (hym-]m-c)-sØ-∏‰n \nß-sf
c£-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ thZ-\-tb-dnb in£-bn¬\n∂v !11!
\nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-I, hniz-kn-°Ww A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-
enepw \nßƒ kacw sNøp-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ \nß-fpsS kzØp-°ƒ sIm≠v \nß-fpsS tZl-
ßƒsIm≠pw AXv \nßƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-Wv, \√-XmWv -
\n-ßƒ-B-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Adn-bp-∂p(-sh-¶n¬) !12! Ah≥
\nßƒ°v s]mdp-Øp-Xcpw \nß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ \nßsf {]th-
in-∏n-°bpw sNøpw Nne kz¿K-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ ASn-bn¬
IqSn Hgp-Ip∂ Acphn (\-Zn)-Iƒ ]m¿∏n-S-ß-fnepw hnin-jvS-am-
b, \√, ]cn-ip-≤-amb ÿnc-hm-k-Øns‚ kz¿K-ß-fn¬, tXm∏p-I-
fn¬ AXv, AXs{X hºn-®-`mKyw !13! as‰mcp Imcyhpw
\nß-fXv CjvS-s∏-Spw, CjvS-s∏-Sp∂ A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈
klmbw Bk-∂-amb Hcp hnP-bhpw \o kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-
bn®p sIm≈pI kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v
A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøp-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw BZyw Nq≠n-
°m-ń. aqkm \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X-sb-t∏mse D]-{Z-h-Im-cn-I-fm-h-cp-sX∂pw
Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X-sb-t∏mse sXfn-hp-Isf \ncm-I-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw
XpS¿∂v D]-tZ-in-®p. AXn-\p-tijw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf B ka-ca
- m-Ip∂ hym]m-
c-Øn¬ hym]vX-cm-Ip-hm≥ £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu I®-h-S-Øn-\p≈ aqe-[\w
kXy-hn-izm-kw. AXnse Nc-°p-Iƒ [\w-sIm≠pw tZlw-sIm≠pw A√m-lp-
hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ tkh\w sNø-epw. AXns‚ t\´tam? thZ-\-tb-dnb \c-I-
in-£-bn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sepw, ]m]w s]mdp-Øp-In-´-epw, kpJ-k-ºq¿W-amb
imizX kz¿Khpw! CsX√mw `mhn-bn-te-°p≈ hmKvZm-\-ß-fm-W-t√m. Cu Pohn-
4954
X-Øn¬ Cu I®-hSw aptJ-\- t\-´-sam∂pw D≠m-Im-\nt√? D≠v. thsdbpw
t\´-ß-fp-≠v. F√m-hcpw CjvS-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw-X-s∂. AsX, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
\n∂p≈ klm-bhpw Xma-kw-hn\m i{Xp-°ƒs°-Xn-cn¬ ssIh-cp∂ hnP-b-hp-
˜
am-W-Xv. CXn¬]cw `mKy-I-c-amb hym]mcw as‰-¥p≠v?! \_n °pw kzlm-
_n-Iƒ°pw am{X-a-√, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ GsX√mw ImeØv hnizm-k-]q¿∆w
Cu I®-h-S-Øn¬ hym]r-X-cm-bn-´pt≠m A°m-e-sØ√mw Ah¿°v A√m-lp-
hns‚ klm-b-hpw, hnP-bhpw e`n-®n-´p-≠v -Xm-\pw. `mhn-hm-KvZm-\-ßƒ ]c-tem-I-
Øp-sh®v Ah¿°v e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. I¿a-ß-fn¬sh®v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
G‰hpw CjvSs - ∏´ I¿aw GXm-sW∂v At\z-jn® Nne kzlm-_n-Iƒ°v \_n ˜
Cu kqdØv HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-sb∂v lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p∂p (A; Xn.)
A√mlp \ap°v XuôIzv \¬I-s´. Bao≥.
! 14! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,

\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bn-I-
fm-bn-Øo-cp-hn≥; a¿b-ans‚ aI≥
Cukm "lhmcn'ItfmSv; 'A√m-lp-
hn- ¶ - t e- ° p≈ (am¿K- Ø n¬)
Fs‚ klm-bn-Iƒ BcmWv' F∂v
]d-™-Xp-t]mse; "lhmcn'Iƒ
]d™p: Rßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚
klm- b n- I - f mWv F∂v . [CXp-
t]mse \nßfpw Bbn-cn-°p-hn≥.]
F∂n-´v, Ckvdm-Cu¬ k¥-Xn-I-

fn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp hn`mKw hniz-
kn®p; Hcp hn`mKw Ahn-iz-kn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. At∏mƒ, hniz-kn-
®- h ¿°v Ah- c psS i{Xp- h n- s \-
Xnsc \mw _ew \¬In; Aßs\
Ah¿ (hn-Pbw t\Sn) {]Xy-£-cm-
bn-Øo¿∂p.
14! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ Bbn-cn-°p-hn≥

A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bn-Iƒ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse
a¿b-ans‚ aI≥ Cukm lhm-cn-I-tfmSv (in-jy-K-W-ß-tfmSv)
Fs‚ klm-bn-Iƒ BcmWv A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v lhm-cn-Iƒ
4955
]d™p Rßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bn-I-fmWv F∂n´v
hniz-kn®p Hcp hn`mKw Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cn¬\n∂v Ahn-
iz-kn-°bpw sNbvXp Hcp hn`mKw At∏mƒ \mw _e-s∏-SpØn
hniz-kn-®-hsc Ah-cpsS i{Xp-°-fpsS ta¬ (F-Xn-sc)
Aßs\ Ah-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p {]Xy-£-s∏´h¿, hnP-bn-Iƒ
¿ƒjQGƒM ("l-hmcnIƒ') F∂ hm°ns‚ icn-bmb A¿∞w F¥m-sW∂v

A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. "hkv{Xw Ae-°p-∂-h¿, lrZbw ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿, th´-
°m¿' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Nne A¿∞-ß-fpw, B t]cv hcm-\p≈ Nne Imc-W-
ßfpw ]ecpw ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂p. H∂pw Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ sXfn-hn-√. GXm-
bmepw Cukm (A)s‚ {][m\ injy-K-W-ß-fmb ]{¥-≠p-t]sc Dt±-in-®mWv
Cu hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an-√. Ch¿ hgn-bmWv At±-
l-Øns‚ {]t_m-[\w AXn-hn-Zqc cmPy-ß-fn-se√mw FØn-°-gn-™-Xv. AXp-
sIm≠v Cukm (A)s‚ ZqX≥am¿ F∂v Cu hm°n\v hnh£ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Ch-sc-°p-dn-®mWv At∏m-kvX-e≥am¿ ( Apostles) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
Cukm \_n (A) P\-ßsf kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm≠v

sNbvX {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ D≤-cn® tijw kq: Bep-Cw-dm-\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
52:¿GôªY ∫BG - ¿ƒª∏°ùe ¬dƒb ¤EG - ôØµdG º¡æe ≈°ù«Y ¢ùMCG Éª∏a (kmcw: F∂n-´pw, Cukm°v Ah-
cn¬\n∂v Ahn-izmkw A\p`-h-s∏-´-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p: "BcmWv A√m-
lp-hn-¶-te-°p≈ Fs‚ klm-bn-Iƒ?' "lhm-cn-Iƒ' ]d™p: "Rßƒ A√m-
lp-hns‚ klm-bn-I-fm-Wv, Rßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p; Rßƒ
apkvenwI-fm-sW∂v Xm¶ƒ km£yw hln-®p-sIm-≈p-I.' (B-ep-Cw-dm≥: 52) CXp-
t]mse Ahn-izm-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ XymKhpw tkh-
\hpw sNøm≥ \nßfpw k∂-≤-cm-I-W-sa∂mWv A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv
Blzm\w sNøp-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬, Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS ZuXyw Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cn¬ Hcp hn`mKw

Bfp-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®p-sh-¶nepw Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ Ch-cm-Wv˛ blq-Zn-Iƒ \ntj-
[n-°-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. hniz-kn-®-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-b-Øn-\pw, A\p-{K-l-
Øn\pw ]m{X-am-bn. Bflo-b-i‡n \¬In A√mlp Ahsc _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
FXn-cm-fn-Isf ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn Ah¿°v hnPbw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-
t]m-se, \nßfpw A√m-lp-hns\ ˛A-√m-lp-hns‚ aX-sØ˛ klm-bn-®m¬
A√mlp \nß-sfbpw klm-bn-°pw, i{Xp-°ƒs°-Xn-cn¬ \nß-fpsS Ime-Sn-
Isf Dd-∏n®p hnPbw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw F∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-
at√m F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. (ºµeG~bCG âÑãjh ºcô°üæj ¬∏dG ô°üæJ ¿EG)
π° ØdGh áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG ¬dƒ°SQh ¬∏dG ô°üf ø‡ Éæ∏©LG º¡∏dG
4956
á©ª÷G IQƒ°S PpapAx \a-kvIm-c-hpw, JpXzp_xbpw
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v:-˛
PpapAx \a-kI
v m-ch
- pw,
JpXzp_xbpw
áÑ£ÿGh á©ª÷G IÓ°U
(áÑ£ÿGh IÓ°U)
Ckveman-Im-\p-jvTm-\-I¿a-ß-fn¬ ]e \ne°pw hfsc {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-
°p∂ Hcp \n¿_-‘-I¿a-as{X PpapAx \a-kvIm-chpw JpXzp_x-bpw. Ppap-
Ax-bpsS A¥x- m-c-ßfpw e£y-ßfpw a\- n-em°n AX¿ln-°p∂ cq]-
Øn¬ \S-Øn-t∏m-cp-∂-]-£w, \mń¬ Ckveman-I-t_m-[-hpw, kmaq-ly-a-cym-
Z-bpw, aX-`‡nbpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm≥ AXv XnI®pw ]cym-]vX-am-sW∂v
Xo¿Øv ]d-bmw. ]t£, hyk-\-Icw! C∂sØ PpapAx k{º-Zm-b-ß-sf-°p-
dn®v ]d-bp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ an°-hmdpw Hcp NS-ßv, As√-¶n¬ Hcp s]mXp ktΩ-
f\w am{X-ambn AXv Ah-ti-jn-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv! apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬
\akvImc-I¿aw ]msS Dt]-£n-°p∂ \ma-am{X apkvenwIƒ C∂v [mcm-f-am-
Wv. \a-kvI-cn-°m-dp-≈-h-cn¬t]mepw Ppap-Axbn¬ kw_-‘n-°-W-sa∂
\n¿_‘w C√mØ ]e-scbpw ImWmw. AXp-sIm≠v Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬
Ppap-Axsb ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm-≠p≈ 9 Dw 10 Dw hN-\-ß-fpsS A¿t∞m-t±iy
hym]vXn-°p-≈n¬ AS-ßp∂ Hcp eLp-hn-h-cWw \¬Ip-∂Xv ChnsS DNn-X-
am-bn-cn-°pw.
GƒæeBG øjòdG É¡jCG Éj (tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc,) F∂v hnfn-®p-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp

Ppap-Ax-sb-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂X - v. At∏mƒ, {]tXyI {]Xn-_‘ - a- n-√mØ
Hmtcm kXy-hn-izm-kn°pw Xmsg ]d-bp∂ I¬]\ _m[-I-am-sW-∂p-h-∂p.
CXn¬ kv{XoIƒ Dƒs∏-Sptam Ct√? CXv C∂v \ΩpsS \mSp-I-fn¬ Hcp
X¿°-hn-j-b-am-bn-´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp-t]mse kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kwt_m-
[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠p≈ Iev]-\-I-fn¬ NneXv ]pcp-j≥am-scbpw kv{XoI-
sfbpw Hcp-t]mse _m[n-°p-∂-Xpw, {][m-\-ambpw ]pcp-j≥amsc _m[n-°p-
∂-Xpw, Npcp°w Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ ]pcp-j≥am-sc-am{Xw _m[n-°p-∂Xpw
(D- Z m- l - c Ww: \nkm- D v 19.) D≠m- b n- c n- ° pw. \_nhN- \ - ß - f nepw Xs∂
kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcp-j≥am-sc-t∏mse PpapAx \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-
°p∂ H∂pw Adn-b-s∏-ń-ń-√. B ÿnXn°v \nb-a-]-c-ambn ]d-bp-tºmƒ
kv{XoIƒ°pw PpapAx \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-hm≥˛ Izp¿-B-s‚bpw \_n-
4967
˜
h-N-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬˛ \nhr-Øn-bn-√, ]t£, \_n -bpsSbpw
kzlm-_-Øn-s‚bpw ImesØ \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Ppap-Ax-bn-
epw, A©p-t\-csØ Pam-AØv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fnepw s]cp-∂mƒ \a-kvIm-c-
ß-fnepw Ah¿ ]s¶-Sp-°mdp-≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂pw, AXn\v \_n t{]m’m- ˜
ln-∏n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, [mcmfw sXfn-hp-I-fp-≠v. AsX√mw ChnsS FSp-Øp-
≤-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. Ipsd-sb√mw s]mXp-hn¬ Adn-b-s∏-´-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. DZm-
l-c-W-Øn\v am{Xw NneXv Nq≠n-°m´mw:˛
(1) \_n ˜ sh≈n-bmgvN JpXzp_x \S-Øp-tºmƒ ]{¥≠v ]pcp-

j≥am-c-√m-Ø-h-sc√mw Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]mbn F∂ lZo-Yns‚ Nne cnhm-b-Øp-
I-fn¬ Hcp kv{Xobpw _m°n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn {]kvXm-hn-®Xv 11 ˛mw hN-\-
Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \mw D≤-cn-®p-h-t√m. CXv ]e ]WvUn-X≥amcpw Ah-
cpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬ D≤-cn®p ImWmw.
(2) DΩp-lnimw (d) F∂ h\nXm kzlm_n kqd-Øp-Izm^v ]mT-am-

°n-bXv sh≈n-bmgvN Znhkw anº-dn¬sh®v \_n ˜
AXv HmXn-t°-ń-cp-∂-
Xn¬\n-∂mWv F∂v Ah¿ ]d-™-Xmbn Camw apkvenw (d) D≤-cn-°p-∂p.
(3) "^¿Zzp' (\n¿_-‘) \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ Ign-™m¬ kv{XoIƒ Fgp-

˜
t∂‰p t]mIp-∂-Xp-hsc \_n bpw ]pcp-j≥amcpw ImØn-cn-°p-sa∂v \_n
˜ -bpsS ]Xv\n DΩp-k-eax (d)-bn¬\n∂v _pJmcn (d) D≤-cn-°p-∂p.
(4) Rm≥ \a-kvImcw Zo¿Ln-∏n-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-tºmƒ inip-

°-fpsS i_vZw tIƒ°p-Ibpw At∏mƒ Ah-cpsS amXm-°ƒ°v hnj-a-ap-
˜
≠m-I-cp-sX∂v IcpXn Npcp-°p-Ibpw sNøpsa∂v \_n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn
_pJmco (d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. PpapAxbnepw Pam-AØv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fnepw
kv{XoIƒ A°m-eØv km[m-cW ]s¶-Sp-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ Cu lZo-Yp-Iƒ Xs∂ aXn-bm-Ipw. F∂m¬, ]pcp-j≥am-sc-t∏mse
F√m kv{XoIfpw \n¿_-‘-ambn ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ImWn-°p∂ sXfn-
hp-I-sfm∂pw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.
kv{XoIƒ ]pcp-j≥am-cp-ambn kº¿°-ap-≠m-Ip-hm≥ Imc-W-am-sW-

∂-XmWv kv{XoIƒ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cn¬ ]d-bp-hm-\p≈ {][m\ XS-
w. Cu XS w, Ppap-Axt°m Pam-A-Ønt\m kv{XoIƒ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-
Xns\ am{Xw _m[n-°p-∂-X-√. Fhn-sS-sh-®pw, Ft∏mgpw Ku\n-t°-≠p∂
Hcp \n¿_‘ hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv. C°m-cy-Øn¬ C∂v apkvenw kap-Zmbw s]mXp-
hnepw ]cn-jvIr-X-sc∂p Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ hnti-jn®pw A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw
dkq-en-s‚bpw imk-\-Isf Ah-K-Wn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kv{XoIƒ ]f-fn-bn-
4968
te°v t]mIp-tºm-gpw, hcp-tºm-gpw, ]≈n-bn¬sh®pw Ckvemanse ]¿±m-\n-
b-a-ßƒ ]men-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw, ]≈n-I-fn¬ AXn\v hnLv\w
hcp∂ ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-I-cp-sX∂pw am{Xta Npcp-°-Øn¬ CXv kw_-
‘n-®p ChnsS ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈q. AtX ka-bØv kv{XoIƒ PpapAxbn¬ ]s¶-
Sp-°m-dp≈ Nne CS-ß-fnse ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ t\m°p-tºmƒ, h√ Ieym-Wm-
tLm-j-ßƒ°pw th≠n AWn-s™m-cp-ßm-dp≈ Hcp {]Xo-Xn-bm-Wv ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂X- v. AYhm A√m-lp-hns‚ ]f-fn-bn¬ Hcp Bcm-[\
- m-I¿a-Øn¬, kw_-
‘n-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-tbmPyamb thj-`q-j-W-ßfpw A®-S-°-ßfpw Ipd-hm-
bn-cn-°p-sa-∂¿∞w. Cu \ne-]mSv H´pw £¥-hy-a-√.
á©ª÷G Ωƒj øe IÓ°ü∏d …Oƒf GPEG (Pp-apAx Znh-k-Ønse \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v hnfn-°-s∏-

´m¬) F∂m-Wt√m ]n∂o-Sp≈ hmIy-Øns‚ Npcp-°w. "PpapAx Znhkw'
(á©ª÷G Ωƒj )F∂mWv Ad-_n-bn¬ sh≈n-bm-gvN°v t]¿. "PpapAx' F∂m¬
Iq´w, ktΩ-f\w F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv A¿∞w. A∂v PpapAx I¿aw \S-°p-
∂-Xp-sIm-≠v AXn\v Cu t]¿ h∂p. ap≥Im-eØv a‰v Znh-k-ßƒ°p-≈-Xp-
t]mse GtXm Hcp t]¿ Ad-_n-bn¬ sh≈n-bm-gvN°pw D≠mbncp∂n-cn-°pw.
º∏YG ¬q∏dG. PpapAx Znh-k-Ønse \a-kvImcw (á©ª÷G Ωƒj øe IÓ°ü∏d) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-
°-sIm≠v Cu I¬]\ sh≈n-bm-gvN-bnse {]tXyI \a-kvIm-c-amb PpapAx
\akvImcsØ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂v hy‡w. At∏mƒ a‰v \a-kvIm-c-ßsf At]-
£n®v Cu \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ hnfn°v {]tXyIw {]m[m\yaps≠∂v a\- n-
em-°m-a-t√m. hnfn sIm≠p-t±iyw _m¶p-hn-fn-bm-sW∂pw ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√.
Camw anº-dn¬ tIdnb DSs\ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ _m¶mWv CXv. \_n Xncp-
˜
ta\n -bpsS ImeØv AXv am{X-ambncp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xpw.
Cu _m¶n\v A¬]w apºmbn as‰mcp _m¶v hnfn-°p∂ C∂sØ
k{º-Zmbw DYvam≥ (d)s‚ Jnem-^Øv Ime-ØmWv BZy-ambn D≠m-b-sX-
∂pw, P\-ßƒ hfsc A[n-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ Aßs\ Hcm-hiyw t\cn-´-Xp-sIm-
≠mWv AXv sNbvX-sX∂pw _pJmcn-bn¬ ImWmw. AX-√, apB-hnbx (d)-
bpsS Ime-Øp-≠m-°n-b-Xm-sW∂pw Hc`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. GXm-bmepw, \_n - ˜
bpsS Ime-tijw Hcp ]pXnb aXm-Nmcw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ B¿°pw ]mSn-
s√-∂pw, kzlm-_n-Iƒ hnti-jn®pw Aßs\ sNøp-I-bn-s√-∂p-ap-≈-Xn¬
X¿°-Øn-\-h-Im-i-an-√. At∏mƒ, AsXmcp A\p-I-c-Wo-b-amb aX-I¿a-sa∂
\ne-°-√. Hcp Xm¬°m-enI Bh-iy-sa∂ \ne°v sNbvX-XmWv Ft∂ AXn-
s\-∏‰n ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈q. Ihn-™-]-£w, AXym-hiyw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ˛ th≠n-
h-∂m¬ ˛A-ßs\ Htc¿∏m-SvsN-ømw, AXn-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ AXv Ic-Wo-b-hp-
a√ F∂-√m-sX, AXn-\-∏pdw Hcp ÿm\w AXn\v I¬]n-°p-hm≥ bmsXmcp
\ymb-hp-an-√. AXp-sIm≠mWv, DYvam≥ (d), apB-hnbx(d) F∂n-h-cn¬ Bcm-
WXv G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sX-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°sh Camw im^nCu (d)
At±- l - Ø ns‚ {]kn- ≤ - { K- Ÿ - a mb "DΩn¬' Cßs\ ]d- ™ Xv:
4969
ΩC’G ÜÉàc -‹EG ÖMCG º∏°Sh ¬«∏Y ¬∏dG ≈∏°U ¬∏dG ∫ƒ°SQ ~¡Y ‘ …òdG ôeC’Éa ¿Éc Éª¡jCGh (B c≠p t]cn¬
˜
Bcm-bn-cn-°-s´, dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n bpsS Ime-Øp≈ Imcy-as{X F\n°v
G‰hpw CjvSs - ∏-´X - v.) hfsc {it≤-ba - mb Hcp hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. im^nCu aZvl-
_p-Im-sc∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ Cu hmIyw {]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
t\c-sØ-°qń Hcp _mt¶m Adn-bnt∏m C√m-sX, Camw anº-dn¬

tIdp-tºm-gsØ _m¶p-sIm≠v aXn-bm-°p-∂-]£w P\-ßƒ ka-b-tØ°v
FØn-t®-cp-I-bn√ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv \nc¿∞-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v A\p-`hw
Xs∂ sXfn-hm-Ip-∂p. c≠v _m¶v ]Xn-hm-°nb ÿe-ß-fn¬ P\-ßƒ AXv
{]Xo-£n-°pI kzm`m-hnIw Xs∂. ]t£, Hcp _m¶psIm≠v aXn-bm-°p∂
k{º-Zmbw \S∏n-ep≈ Fhn-sSbpw A°m-c-W-Øm¬ Bfp-Iƒ FØn-t®-
cmØ tZmjw ImWp-∂n-√. _m¶v Ht∂m A[n-Itam Bbmepw Npcp°w Nne¿
sshIn-t∏m-tb-°p-∂Xv km[m-cW - a
- m-Wv. as‰mcp hkvXp-XI
- qSn ChnsS Hm¿t°-
≠-Xp-≠v. c≠v _m¶v \S∏p≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬ BZysØ (]p-Xn-b) _m¶v D®-
Øn¬ hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. AtX ka-bØv \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS Ime-Øp- ˜
≈Xpw, tI´ DSs\ hym]m-c-ß-sf√mw \ndp-Øn-sh®p; Ppap-Ax°p h∂p-sIm-
≈-W-sa∂v A√mlp I¬]n-®-Xp-amb km£m¬ _m¶mIs´, kZ- n¬ lmP-
dp-≈-h¿t]mepw apgp-h\pw tIƒ°-cp-Xm-Ø-hn[w ]Xp-s°bpw! CsX-s¥mcp
hntcm-[m`m-k-amWv? A√m-lphpw dkqepw \nb-an-®-Xns\ Hcp NS-ßp-am-{X-
am-bpw, \mw \nb-an-°p-∂X
- ns\ Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ IrXy-ambpw Icp-XpI! A√mlp
\ap°v kXyw kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ t_m[w \¬I-s´. Bao≥, F\n, DYvam≥
(d) h¿≤n-∏n® _m¶m-I-s´, ]≈n-bpsS Df-fn¬sh-®-√, Hcp Db¿∂ ÿeØv
(AGQhR-C¬) sh®m-bn-cp-∂p. BZysØ _m¶n\v h√ \ymbo-I-c-Whpw thW-
sa-¶n¬X-s∂, AXv \m´p-Im¿ tIƒ°p-hm≥ IqSp-X¬ D]-tbm-Ks - ∏-Sp∂ GsX-
¶nepw Hcp ÿe-Øp-sh-®m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xpw, bYm¿∞ _m¶v bYm-hn[n \S-
Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Bbn-cn-°-W-a-t√m.
Znh-k-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ sh≈n-bm-gvN°v {]tXyI {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-

Xmbn ]e \_n hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. A∂v {]tXyIw Hcp
\a-kvIm-chpw {]kw-Khpw \n›-bn-°-s∏-´-Xp-Xs∂ AXns‚ {]m[m\yw Ipdn-
˜
°p-∂p. \_n ]d-bp∂p: "kqcy≥ DZn-°p∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬sh®v \√ Znhkw
sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-Ip-∂p. A∂mWv BZw (A) krjvSn-°-s∏-´-Xv, A∂mWv
At±lw kz¿KØn¬ {]th-in-∏n°-s∏-´-Xpw, A∂mWv At±lw AXn¬\n∂v
]pd-Øm-°-s∏-´Xpw'. (ap.) as‰mcp lZoYv C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "AXn¬˛ sh≈n-
bm-gvN-bn¬˛ Hcp \mgnI ka-b-ap-≠v. apkvenamb Hcp ASn-bm≥ A√m-lp-hn-
t\mSv h√Xpw tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v \n∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p∂ \ne-bn¬ B ka-b-hp-
ambn HØp-Iq-Sn-bm¬, Ah\v A√mlp AXv sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.' F∂v
Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: ssIsIm≠v BwKyw ImWn®v B kabw Aev]-t\-c-ta-
4970
bp≈psh∂v Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (_p; ap.)
Ppap-A°v kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥ A\p-jvTn-t°-≠p∂ acym-Z-I-sf-°p-

˜
dn®pw \_n bpsS lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ ]eXpw ImWmw. H∂p-c-s≠Æw D≤-cn-
°mw. Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "Hcp ]p-cpj≥ sh≈n-bmgvN Ipfn-°p-I-
bpw, Ign-bp-∂{X ip≤o-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, Ahs‚ FÆ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Itbm
hońse kpK-‘-{Zhyw sXmSp-Itbm sNøp-I-bpw, ]n∂oSv t]mbn c≠m-fp-
Iƒ°n-Sb - n¬ (Xn-c°
- n-\S- ∂
- p) th¿]n-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ib
- pw, ]n∂oSv Ah\v hn[n-
°-s∏-´Xv \a-kvI-cn-°p-I-bpw, ]ns∂ Camw kwkmcw XpS-ßn-bm¬ au\-am-
bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]£w AXn-s‚bpw (A-Sp-Ø) at‰ Ppap-Ax-bp-sSbpw
CS-°p≈ ]m]w s]mdp-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.'(_p.) "\nß-fpsS t{ijvT-
amb Znh-k-ß-fn¬s]-´-XmWv sh≈n-bmgvN Znh-kw. A∂v \nßƒ Fs‚
t]cn¬ kzemØv (A-\p-{Klw t\c¬) h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hn≥."\nß-fpsS
kzemØvF\n°v {]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.'(Zm)
sh≈n-bm-gvNsØ \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ hnfn-tI-´m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚

kvac-W-bn-te°v D¬km-ln-®p-h-cWw (¬∏dG ôcP ¤EG Gƒ©°SÉa) F∂m-Wt√m A√mlp
]d-™-Xv. »©°S (k-Avbv) F∂m¬ '"bXv\n-°p-I, ]cn-{i-an-°p-I, D¬km-ln-
°p-I, thKw t]mIp-I, HmSpI' F∂o A¿∞-ß-fn-se√mw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-
≠v. _m¶p-tI-´m¬ as‰√m tPmenbpw DSs\ \n¿Øn-sh®v t]mIWw F∂v
kmcw. HmSn- t ∏m- I - W - s a- ∂ ¿∞- Ø n- e √ CXv ]d- ™ n- c n- ° p- ∂ - s X∂v
˜
\_n bpsS Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \n∂v {Kln-°mw. Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:
"\nßƒ CIzm-aØv (\-a-kvImcw XpS-ßp-∂p-sh∂v Adn-bn-°p∂ hnfn)-tI-
´m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn-te°v \S-∂p-t]m-bvs°m-≈p-hn≥. \nß-fn¬ AS°hpw
HXp-°hpw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww; [rXn-s∏ScpXv; F∂n´v (P-am-At- Øm-sSm-∏w) Inń-
bXv \a-kvIc- n-°p-Ib
- pw, \jvSs - ∏-´p-t]mb `mKw (kz-¥w) ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-I.'(_p; ap.) A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ Bcm-[\ \S-Øp-hm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv
AS°-Øn-epw, HXp-°-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂-XmWv CXn-e-S-ßnb XXzw.
A_q-Iz-ØmZx (d) ]d-bp∂p: Hcn-°¬ Rßƒ \_n ˜ -sbm-∂n®v \a-kvI-
cn-°p-tºmƒ Hcp Xnc-°p-tI-´p. F¥m hnjbw? F∂v Xncp-ta\n At\z-jn-
®p. Rßƒ \a-kvIm-c-Øn-te°v _≤-s∏-´p-h-∂-XmWv F∂v Ah¿ adp-]Sn
]d™p; Xncp-ta\n ]d™p; F∂m¬ Aßs\ sNø-cp-Xv. \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v
hcp-tºmƒ (km-[m-c-W-t]mse) \S-∂p-h-cWw; \nß-fn¬ AS°w thWw
F∂n´v Inń-bXv \a-kvI-cn-°pI; \jvS-am-bXv ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
(_p; ap.)
CsX√mw Imc-W-am-bn-´mWv Gƒ©°SÉa (\n-ßƒ D¬km-ln-®p-h-cp-hn≥)

F∂ hm°ns‚ Dt±iyw ∂∏ªYh ∂Ñ∏≤H ≈©°ùJ ¿CG (\ns‚ lrZ-bw-sIm≠pw {]hr-Øn-
4971
sIm≠pw D¬km- l n- ° p- I ) F∂m- s W∂v IzØmZx (d)bpw,
´ƒ°ûÿGh á«ædGh Üƒ∏≤dÉH øµdh ΩG~bC’G ≈∏Y ≈©°ùdÉH ƒg Ée (AXv Imep-sIm≠v ]m™pt]m-I-e-
√, ]t£ lrZbw sIm≠pw Dt±-iyw-sIm≠pw `‡n-sIm-≠p-am-Ip-∂p.) F∂v
lk\pw (d) ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. (Òãc øHCG ‘ Éªc) Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ß-fpsS A¥-
-Ø-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw, Bflo-b-h-i-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw a\- n-em-°p-∂-h¿t° CXp-
t]m-se-bp≈ D]-tZ-i-ß-fpsS hne Imäm≥ Ign-bq.
_m¶p-hn-fn-tI-´m¬]ns∂ Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v am{X-amWv Cu

Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AYhm Ppap-Ax°v ]pd-s∏-tS-≠-Xns‚
Ah-km-\sØ Ah-k-c-amWv _m¶v Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. Ign-hXpw t\csØ t]mIp-
I-bmWv th≠-sX-∂pw, t\csØ t]mIp-∂-Xn\v IqSp-X¬ ]pWyw e`n-°p-
sa∂pw \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Hcmƒ P\m-_Øp Ipfn-
sb-t∏mse (]q¿W-am-bpw) Ipfn®v H∂m-asØ \mgn-I-bn¬Xs∂ Ppap-Ax°v
t]mbm¬ Hcp H´-IsØ _en-\S- Ø - n-bX- n-s‚-bpw, c≠mw \mgn-Ib - n¬ t]mbm¬
Hcp ]ip-hns\ _en-I-gn-®-Xn-s‚-bpw, aq∂m-a-tØ-Xn¬ t]mbm¬ Hcp sImº-
\m-Sns\ _en-I-gn-®-Xn-s‚-bpw, \mem-a-tØ-Xn¬ t]mbm¬ tImgnsb _en-
sN-bvX-Xn-s‚-bpw, A©m-a-tØ-Xn¬ t]mbm¬ Hcp ap´ sImSp-Ø-Xn-s‚bpw
A{X {]Xn-^-e-ap-s≠-∂pw, Camw (Jp-Xzv_x-°v) ]pd-s∏-´m¬ Cu {]tXyI
{]Xn-êw \ne-®p-t]m-Ip-sa∂pw Camw _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw D≤-cn-°p∂
Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. C∂sØ ]ptcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-Isf∂v ]d-
b-s∏-Sp∂ Nne ]pØ≥ Iq‰p-Im¿ CXp-t]m-se-bp-ff ]e lZo-Yp-I-sfbpw
]p—-`m-hØ
- n¬ ho£n-°p-∂Xpw X≈n-°f - b- p-∂Xpw ImWmw. AXn-\p≈ Imc-
W-ß-sf-∏‰n aX-t_m-[hpw CkvemanI Nn¥m-K-Xn-bp-ap-≈-hsc ]d™p a\-
n-em-t°-≠-Xn-√. Ckveman¬ Xß-fpsS ùXnI Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v \nc-°m-
Ø-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂-sX√mw bp‡n-hmZw aptJ\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-Itbm
X≈n-°-f-bp-Itbm sNøp-I, aX-Øns‚ [m¿an-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb hi-
ßsf CSn-®p-Xm-gvØpI apX-em-b-h-bmWv Ch-cpsS e£y-ßƒ F∂v F√m-
h¿°pw Adn-bmw. B ÿnXn°v Aß-s\-bp-≈h - c
- psS ]©-kmc hm°p-Iƒ°v
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ H´pw hne-Ie- v]n-t°-≠X - n-√; Iev]n-°p-Ib- p-an√. Ppap-Ax°v
t\csØ t]mI¬, kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-cw, kp∂Øv t\mºv apX-emb I¿a-
ß-sf√mw Ch-cpsS `mj-bn¬ "A≤zm-\n-°mØ aSn-bh - ¿K-Øns‚ krjvSn'Ifm-
Wv. hb-‰ns‚ ]qc-Whpw ùXn-I-t\-´hpw am{X-am-Wt√m Ch-cpsS ASp-°¬
"Pohn-X-hn-P-bw.'
_m¶p-tI-´m¬ tPmen-Iƒ hnt´-®p Ppap-Ax°v t]mI-W-sa-∂mWv

A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\. PpapAx Hcp \n¿_‘-I-S-a-bmWv F∂v CXn¬\n∂v
hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. \_n ˜
Cu IS-a-bpsS Kuchw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv ImWpI:
Ahn-Sp∂v Hcn-°¬ Cßs\ ]d™p: "Nne Bfp-Iƒ Ppap-A-xIsf Dt]-
4972
£n®p hcp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Ah¿ hnc-an-®p-sIm-≈-s´. A√m-Ø-]-£w, A√mlp
\n›-b-ambpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ap{Z-sh-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw. ]n∂oSv
Ah¿ (lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ \∑ {]th-in-°m-Ø) A{i-≤≥am-cpsS Iq´-Øn-em-bn-
Øocpw' (apkvenw.) as‰mcp \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "Bsc-¶nepw
\n m-c-`m-th\ aq∂v PpapAx Dt]-£n-®m¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬
ap{Z-Ip-Øp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.' (Zm; Xn; P; \.) Ppap-Ax-bn¬ kw_-‘n-°-W-sa∂
\njvI¿j-bn-√mØ Bfp-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Cu Xncp-h-N-\-
ß-fpsS bmYm¿∞yw aX-t_m-[-ap-≈-h¿°v thKw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
"\a-kvIm-c-Øn\v hnfn-°-s∏-´m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v hcWw' F∂-

√, A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bm-Ip∂ "ZnIvdn'te°v (¬∏dG ôcP ¤EG) hcWw F∂mWv
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv CXpw hfsc {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-
°mbn Ahs‚ apºn¬ Xe-Ip-\n®pw {]m¿∞-\-b¿∏n®pw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ al-
Ømb Hcm-cm-[-\-bmWv \a-kvIm-cw. JpXzp_x-bm-I-s´, A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-
®p≈ kvac-Wbpw t_m[hpw `‡nbpw t{imXm-°-fn¬ Df-hm-°p-I-bpw,
Ahsb ]pXp-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv JpXzp_x-
sb-°p-dn®v XZvIo¿ (ÒcòàdG D-Xvt_m-[-\w) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw. Cu c≠pw
Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv A√m-lp˛ c≠n-sem-∂ns\ {]tXyIw FSp-
Øp-]-d-bm-sX˛ "ZnIvdn'te°v ˛F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. At∏mƒ, Ppap-Ax-
bn¬ kw_-‘n-°mØ Bfp-Iƒ˛ \_n ˜ Acp-fn-b-Xp-t]m-se˛ A√m-lp-
hns‚ kvac-Wsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw A{i-≤≥am-cm-sW∂v kv]jvS-am-
W-t√m. JpXzp_x°v Ckvemw Iev]n-°p∂ ÿm\w F{X-tØm-f-am-sW∂v
a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ H∂p-c≠v \_n-h-N-\-ßƒ [mcmfw aXn-bmIpw:˛
Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp∂p: "Hcmƒ sh≈n-bmgvN Znhkw Camw {]kw-Kn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cns° kwkm-cn-®m¬; Ah≥ {KŸ-ßƒ t]dp∂ Igp-X-sb-t∏m-
se-bm-Wv. Ah-t\mSv an≠m-Xn-cn-°pI F∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-\m-Is´ Ah\v Ppap-
Axbpw C√.' (A.) Igp-X-I-sf-t∏m-ep≈ aqV≥amtc AXv sNbvI-bp-≈q.
Ah-tcmSv D]-tZ-in-®n´p êw ImWp-I-bn-√, Ahsc D]-tZ-in-°p-hm≥ an\-
s°-Sp-∂-h¿°v B kabw JpXzp_x tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bmsX \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøpw'. CsXm-s°-bmWv Xncp-ta\n Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. as‰mcp \_n-h-N\w
t\m°p-I: "Bsc-¶nepw hpZzq sNbvXp˛ \∂mbn hpZzq sNbvXp˛ F∂n´v Ppap-
Ax°p h∂v {i≤n-®p-tIƒ°p-Ibpw au\-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m-e-
h\v AXn-s‚bpw at‰ Ppap-Ax-bp-sS-bpw, CS-°p-≈-Xpw, aq∂v Znh-ksØ IqSp-
X-epw (]-Øp-Zn-h-ksØ ]m]-ßƒ) s]mdp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw Hcp
Nc-°-√p-sXm-´p-t]m-bm¬, Ah≥ hrYm-hn-em-bn-t∏m-bn.' (ap.) AXm-b-Xv, GsX-
¶nepw Hcp \n m-c-Im-cy-Øn-te°v Ah≥ {i≤-Xn-cn-®m¬ D]-tZiw tIƒ°p-
hm≥ Ign-bm-sX, Ah≥ h∂ Imcyw \jvSs - ∏-´p-sh∂v kmcw. C∏-d™
- s
- X√mw
4973
a\- n-cp-Øn-s°m≠v H∂m-tem-Nn-®p t\m°pI! Ppap-Ax°v ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-h-
cn¬ Xs∂ Nne¿ JpXzp_x-th-f-bn¬ At\ym\yw kwkm-cn®pw Ifn®pw
Nncn®pw sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw, a‰v Nne¿ At∂cw InS∂pw Dd-ßnbpw kabw
Ign-°p-∂Xpw \ΩpsS \mSp-I-fn¬˛ {Kma-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ hnti-jn-®pw˛ \nXym-
\p-`-h-ß-fm-Wv. Chsc°mƒ t`Zw Ppap-Ax°v hcmØ aSn-b≥am-cpw, I]-S≥am-
cp-am-sW∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. Imc-Ww, Ahsc sIm≠v a‰p-≈-h¿°v iey-
an-√-t√m.
F\n, JpXzp_x Fß-s\-bp-≈X

- m-hWw? CXm-Wt√m JpXzp_x-bpsS
ImX-emb hiw. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v Imcyw a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ t]mcp∂ Nne lZo-Yp-Iƒ D≤-cn°mw:
˜
(1) Pm_n-dp_v\p kaqdx (d) ]d-bp∂p: "\_n °v c≠v JpXzp_x
({]-kw-Kw) ]Xn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠n-\p-an-S-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v Ccn-°p-am-bn-cp∂p
(JpXzp_x-bn¬) Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-I-bpw, P\-ßsf D]-tZ-in-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ahn-SpsØ \akvImchpw anX-am-bn-cp-∂p, Ahn-
SpsØ JpXzp-_xbpw anX-am-bn-cp-∂p.' (ap.) A_q-Zm-hqZv (d)s‚ cnhm-b-Øn¬
Izp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw ]e Bb-Øp-Iƒ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-Ibpw P\-ßsf D]-
tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p F∂m-Wp-≈-Xv.
(2) Pm_n¿ (d) ]d-bp∂p: dkq¬ ˜

{]kwKw sNøp-tºmƒ Ahn-
SpsØ c≠v IÆp-Ifpw Nph∏v h¿W-am-Ipw, i_vZw D®-Øn-em-Ipw, tIm]w
ITn-\-am-Ipw. F{X-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬, Ahn-Sp∂v Hcp ssk\y-sØ-°p-dn®v
Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂-h-\m-sW∂v tXm∂pw.....! (ap.)
(3) DΩp-lnimw (d) F∂ h\nXm kzlm_n ]d-bp∂p: "kqdØv

˜
Izm^v dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n -bpsS \mhn¬\n-∂-√msX Rm≥ kzoI-cn-®n-ń√
(]-Tn-®n-ń-√). Xncp-ta\n F√m Ppap-Ax-bnepw P\-ßƒ°v {]kwKw sNøp-
tºmƒ anº-dn¬sh®v AXv HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.' (ap)
Cu aq∂v lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n-∂p-am-bn˛ CXn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-amb a‰v

]eXpw D≠v-Xm-\pw˛ \ap°v Xmsg ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
Ignbpw: (1) sh≈n-bmgvN \_n ˜ c≠v {]kw-K-ßƒ sNøp-Ibpw c≠n-\p-an-
S-bn¬ Ccn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Hcp Bizm-k-sa∂ \ne-°pw, H∂m-asØ
{]kw-K-Øn¬ Dt±-in® Imcy-ßƒ ]d-™-h-km-\n-®-tijw ASp-Ø-Xn-te-
°p≈ hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n A¬]-sam∂v Btem-Nn-°p-hm\pw CXv D]-I-cn-°p-
∂p. AsXm-s°-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cn°mw AXns‚ Dt±-iy-hpw. º∏YCG ¬∏dG. GXm-bmepw
Cu Ccp-ØØn\v A[n-I-k-abw FSp-t°-≠-Xn-√. F¶nepw Nne¿ sNøm-dp-
4974
f-f-Xp-t]m-se, Ccp∂p Ignbpw apºmbn Fgp-t∂¬°p-hm≥ [rXn-Iq-´p-∂-Xpw
\∂-√. kz¥w bp‡n-bpsS am\-ZWvUw sIm≠p-am{Xw \_nNcysb hne-bn-
cp-ØpI ]Xn-hp-≈-h¿ Cu Ccp-ØsØ hna¿in-°p-I-bpw, c≠v JpXzp_x-
bpsS Bh-iysØ tNmZyw sNbvIbpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ AXn-i-bn-°m-\n-√.
Ah¿ AXpw AXn-\-∏p-dhpw hmZn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-sº-´-h-cm-Wv. kXy-hn-izm-kn-
Iƒ AXn¬ h©n-X-cm-tI-≠-Xn-√.
˜
(2) \_n -bpsS JpXzp_x-bn¬ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ß-
fp-am-bn-cp∂p AS-ßn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. \mapw AtX amXrI kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
˜
kq: Jm^v \_n JpXzp_x-bn¬ km[m-cW HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v
Hcp kwK-Xn-IqSn a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw, ]c-
tem-Iw, hnNm-cW apX-em-b-h-sb-°p-dn-®p-am-bn-cp∂p Ahn-Sp∂v {][m-\-ambpw
kv]¿in-®n-cp-∂-sX-∂p-≈-XmWv AXv. kq: Izm^ns‚ D≈-S°w ]cn-tim-[n-
®m¬ CXv a\- n-em-Ipw. D]-tZiw F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ, AXv kµ¿`Øn-s\m-
Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°W - s
- a∂v hy‡-am-Wv. kZ-ky-sc-°p-dn-®pw, kµ¿`-ßs - f-°p-dn®pw
Adn-bm-hp-∂-h-\pw, lrZ-b-Øn¬ `b-`-‡n-bp-≈-h-\p-amb Hcp "JXzo_p' ({]m-
kw-Kn-I≥) kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Abm-fpsS a\- n¬ hnIm-chpw ên-Xhpw
]d-t™m, Ipsd kmln-Xy-°-k-d-Øp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-t®m, s]mXp-P-\-ßsf
BI¿jn-°p∂ ]pXp-hn-j-b-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-t®m˛ JpXzp_x-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-
°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXp-sIm≠v PpapAx JpXzp_-bpsS e£yw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-
∂-X-√. aX-t_m-[hpw ssZh-t_m-[hpw D≠m-°p-hm≥ AXv D]-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-
a-√, AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv a\p-jy-cn¬ sh®v G‰hpw am¿±-h-io-e-\mb
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n {]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ, Ahn-SpsØ Xncp-apJw Nph-°p-I-bpw,
Ahn-Sp-tØ°v tZjyw ITn-\-am-Ip-I-bpw, i_vZw Db-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv.
kwkm-cn-°p∂ hnjbw Kuc-h-s∏-´-Xpw, AXv {]mkw-Kn-Is‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬
\n∂v s]m¥n-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-sW-¶n¬ am{Xta Cu hnImcw D≠m-Ip-I-bp-≈q.
PpapAx JpXzp_x-bpsS e£yw C∂-Xm-sW∂v Gsd-°psd Adn-

bm-hp-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂p-t]mepw kZ-ky¿°v ssZh-`‡nbpw aX-t_m-[hpw D≠m-
°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ JpXzp_x-Iƒ tIƒ°p-hm-\p≈ `mKyw C∂v hfsc hnc-
f-am-bn-´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Gsd-°psd s\Sp-\o-f\pw s]mSn-s]m-Sn-∏-\p-amb {]kw-
K-ßƒ tIƒ°mw. t]cn\v am{Xw H∂v c≠v Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßfpw tIt´-
°mw. ]t£, hnjbw hmbn¬h-∂-Xpw, JpXzp_x-bpsS e£y-hp-ambn _‘-
an-√m-Ø-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]e-cp-sSbpw {]kw-K-ßƒ C∂sØ cmjv{Sob {]kw-
K-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√. a‰v Nne-cpsS Dt±-iw-Xs∂ aX-
Øns‚ \ng-en¬IqSn Xß-fpsS ùXn-Im-Z¿i-ßƒ {]N-cn-∏n-°¬ IqSn-bm-
sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bmWv C∂sØ JXzo-_p-am-
cn¬ Hcp hn`m-K-Øns‚ \ne-sb-¶n¬, as‰mcp hn`m-K-°m¿ sNøp-∂Xv ap≥Im-
4975
eØv Bsc-¶nepw cNn-®p-sh® GSp-Iƒ t\m°n hmbn®p Xr]vXn AS-b-em-
Wv. AXv Ad-_n-bn¬ Xs∂ thW-sa∂v Ah¿°v \njvI¿j-bp-ap-≠v. kZ-
ky-cn¬ B¿°pw, As√-¶n¬ _lp-`q-cn-`m-K-Øn\v Ad_n Adn-bp-I-bn√
Xm\pw. A{X-bp-a-√, B GSp-t\m°n hmbn-°p-∂-h-\v˛ Ah-cpsS `mj-bn¬
JXzo-_n-\v˛ Xs∂bpw Nne-t∏mƒ B hmbn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w Adn-
™n-cn-°-bn-√. CXv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ "JpXzp_x' ({]-kwKw) A√. tIhew
"Izndm-AØv' (hm-b-\) am{X-am-Wv.
PpapAx JpXzp_x Ad-_n-bn¬Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°¬ \n¿_-‘a - mtWm? AX-

√, AXm-Xp-\m-ńse P\-ßƒ°-dn-bm-hp∂ `mj-bn-em-bn-cn-°b
- mtWm th≠Xv?
C∂sØ Hcp X¿°-hn-j-b-am-Wn-Xv. Aev]w Xt‚-S-ap≈ Hcp kXym-t\z-jn°v
CXn¬ kwi-b-Øn-\-h-Im-i-an-√. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ChnsS IqSp-X¬ kwkm-
cn®p Zo¿Ln-∏n-°p-hm≥ apXn-cp-∂n-√. JpXzp_xbpsS e£yw kZ-kysc D]-
tZ-in-°-epw, Ah¿°v t_m[-ap-≠m-°-ep-am-sW-¶n¬˛ AXmWv e£yw F∂v
Xo¿®-bp-am-Wv˛ JpXzp_x P\-ßƒ°v {Kln-°m-hp∂ `mj-bn-em-bn-cn-°-W-
sa-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√-t√m. Ad-_n-bn¬Xs∂ thW-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\v {]k-
‡-amb Fs¥-¶nepw Hcp sXfn-hv C√-Xm-\pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv a‰v ]e-Xn-
ep-sa-∂-t]m-se, JpXzp_x-bnse "lwZp˛ Xivlp-Zv˛ kzemØv' apX-emb `mK-
ßƒ Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw, D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ `mKw Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-
cn-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pwI¿a-im-kv{X-]-WvUn-X≥am¿ (^p-Iz-lm-°ƒ) {]kvXm-hn-
°p-∂-Xv. ]t£, I£n-]n-Sn®p X¿°-Øn\v an\-s°-Sp-∂-h¿°pw, kXy-Øn\v
hg-ßn-bm¬ kzm¿∞-ßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂v `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°pw sXfnhpw
\ymbhpw kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√-t√m.
\_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS kp∂-Øn-s\-bmWv ]n≥]-t‰-≠-sX∂v ˜
t_m[y-ap≈ JXzo-_p-am¿ th≠Xv Ign-bp-∂{X Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ P\-
ßsf HmXn-t°ƒ∏n®p a\- n-em-°p-I-bpw, AXns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ Ign-bp-
∂{X \_n bpsS lZo-Yp-Ifpw Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-I-bpam-Wv. kz¥whI ˜
ka¿∞-\-ß-sf-°m-fpw, kZ-ky-cn¬ an°-h¿°pw {Kln-°m≥ Ign-bmØ
kmln-Xy-{]-tbm-K-ß-sf-°mfpw, Imayhpw D]-tbm-K-{]-Zhpw AXm-bn-cn-°pw.
\ma-am{Xw GsX-¶nepw Ac-apdn Izp¿-B≥ hmIyw D≤-cn-°p-I-bpw, ]n∂oSv
kz¥w ssh`hw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, X\n°v Xme-]-cy-ap≈ BZ¿iw {]N-cn-
∏n-°p-hm≥ Inńb Ah-kcw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc JXzo-
_q-am-cmbn P\-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw, Ipsd-sbms° hnh-c-hpw, t_m[-
hpw, `‡n-bp-ap-≈-hsc am{Xta Xß-fpsS JØo-_p-am-cmbn kzoI-cn-°mhq
F∂pw F√m ]≈n-a-l√p `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw s]mXp-P-\-ßfpw Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-
≠-Xm-Wv. C√m-Ø-]-£w, Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn¬ C∂v \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂
hnhn[ kwcw-`ßƒ°v ˛\mw Adnt™m Adn-bm-sX-tbm˛ \¬Ip∂ Hcp
apX¬Iq-´mbn \ΩpsS JpXzp_xIƒ Iem-in-t®-°p-sa∂v Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
4976
JpXzp_x amXr`m-j-bn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv CØ-c-°m¿°v IqSp-X¬ kuIcyw
Df-hm-°p-∂p. Cu \ne°v Ch-cpsS amXr`m-j-bn-ep≈ {]kw-K-ß-sf-°mƒ
DØaw C∂sØ Ad-_n-JpXzp_x hmb-\-bm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Imc-Ww, JpXzp_x-bpsS e£yw km[n-°mØ tZmjw AXn-ep-s≠-¶nepw
AXv aqew Cß-s\-bp≈ B]-Øp-Iƒ t\cn-Sm-\n-√-t√m.
˜
(3) \_n b - psS JpXzp_x-bpw, \a-kvIm-chpw anX-am-bn-cp-∂p. CXpw-Xs∂
C∂v an°-hcpw Ah-K-Wn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. JpXzp_x IqSp-X¬ t\cw \oń-
s°m≠v t]mI¬ ]e-cp-sSbpw ]Xn-hm-Ip-∂p. kmc-h-Øpw, Imcy-am-{X-{]-k-
‡-hp-amb kwkm-c-am-bn-cn-°pI, Npcp-ßnb ka-bw-sIm-≠-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I,
CXmWv Ic-Wo-b-am-bXpw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \S-]-Sn-tbmSv tbmPn-®-Xpw. t{imXm-
°-fpsS {i≤bpw £abpw kPo-h-am-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw AXmWv D]-I-cn-°p-I.
˜
\_n b - psS Hcp Xncp-hN- \
- Ø
- n¬\n∂v CXv \√-t]mse a\- n-em-°mw. Ahn-
Sp∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "Hcp a\p-jys‚ \a-kvImcw Zo¿Ln-°-epw, Ahs‚
{]kwKw (Zo¿Ln-°m-sX) Npcp-ßepw Ahs‚ hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-
am-Ip-∂p.' (ap.) ]t£, \akvImcw kwL-am-bn-´m-Ip-tºmƒ AXv IqSp-X¬
Zo¿Ln-∏n-®p-IqSm F∂v lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ Xs∂ {]kn-≤-ambn Adn-b-s∏-´-Xm-
Wv. Xmc-X-tay\ t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ {]kwKw Ign-hXpw Npcp-ßp-I-bpw,
\a-kvImcw Zo¿Ln-°p-I-bp-amWv th≠Xv F∂v kmcw. CXv Ppap-Axsb
kw_-‘n®v am{Xw {]kvXm-hn-®-X-√. s]mXp-hn-ep≈ Hcp hkvXp-X-b-s{X.
{]kwKw Npcp-°-W-sa∂v ]d-™-Xn-e-S-ßnb XXzw \_n -Xs∂ Nq≠n- ˜
°m-´p-∂Xv t\m°pI: "BI-bm¬, \nßƒ \akvImcw Zo¿Ln-∏n-°phn≥,
{]kwKw Npcp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. \n›-b-ambpw hnh-c-W-Øn¬ Hcp hiy-
i-‡n-bp-≠v.' CXmWv C u lZo-Yns‚ _m°n-`m-Kw. hnjbw icn°v Ah-X-
cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØX - p-sIm-≠mWv {]kwKw \o≠p-t]m-Ip-∂s - X∂v CXn¬
kqN\ ImWmw.
™«ÑdG GhQPh (I-®-hSw Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚
Xm¬]cyw Ppap-Ax-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v apS-°m-bn-Øo-cp∂ F√m tPmen-
Ifpw _m¶p-hnfn tI´m¬ ]n∂oSv XpS-cmsX \ndp-Øn-sh-°-W-sa-∂m-Ip-∂p.
F∂-√m-sX, I®-h-S-°m¿ am{Xw Xß-fpsS tPmen \ndpØn ]s¶-Sp-Øm¬
aXn F∂v AXn\v A¿∞-an-√. ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ \a-kvImcw \n¿∆-ln-°-
s∏´p Ign-™m¬ ]ns∂ I®-hSw \S-Øn-s°m-≈p-hn≥' F∂v ]d-bmsX "`qan-
bn¬ hym]n®v D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw tXSn-s°m-≈p-hn≥' F∂v ]d-™-Xn¬\n-∂p-
Xs∂ CXv a\- n-em-°mw. I®-h-SsØ {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-hm-\p≈
ImcWw ]e-Xp-am-hmw. kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ ]ecpw I®-h-S-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. I®-h-
S-ßƒ an°-hmdpw ]´-Wß - f
- n-ep-am-bn-cn°pw \S-°p-∂X
- v. PpapAx t]mse-bp≈
s]mXp-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ Dƒ\m-´p-Im¿ Xß-fpsS
tPmen-Øn-c-°p-Iƒ t\c-tØ-Xs∂ \ndp-Øn-sh®v Hcp-ßp-∂-Xpw, Aßm-Sn-
4977
bn¬ hkn-°p-∂-hcpw I®-h-S-°mcpw kabw ASp-°p-tºmƒ am{Xw tPmen-\n-
dp-Øn-sh®v ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw km[m-cW ]Xn-hm-W-t√m. IqSmsX Nne hymJym-
X-°ƒ kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse (*) sh≈n-bmgvN aZo-\m-]-cn-k-c-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬
I®-hSw \S-°p∂ Znh-k-am-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw Imc-W-ap-≠v. aZo-\m-]-cn-kcw blq-
Z-{]-tZ-i-am-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. Ah¿°v i\n-bmgvN Hgn-hp-Zn-hk -- -am-Wv. {InkvXym-
\n-Iƒ°v Rmb-dm-gvNbpw Hgn-hp-Zn-hk
- a- m-Wv. B \ne°v sh≈n-bmgvN AßmSn
IqSp-X¬ kPo-h-am-bn-cn-°pI kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. Cu c≠v Znh-k-Øn\pw
apºn-embn shf-fn-bmgvN Znhkw hmcm¥-s∏-cp-∂m-fmbn BN-cn-°p-hm≥
A√mlp \nb-an-®Xv Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn\v e`n® Hcp `mKy-ambn Hcp lZo-Yn¬
\_n Nq≠n-°m-ń-bXpw kvac-Wo-bh ˜
- p-am-Ip-∂p. (**) GXm-bmepw Ppap-Ax°v
_m¶p-hn-fn-®m¬ I®-hSw \ndp-Øn-sh-°-W-sa-∂v A√mlp Iev]n-®n-cn-s°,
B Iev]\ A\p-k-cn-°msX \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ F√m I®-h-Shpw apkvenwIƒ°v
ldmw (Ip-‰-I-c-amb \njn-≤w) BsW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ldm-am-sW∂v
am{X-a-√, B sIm≈-s°m-Sp-°-ep-Iƒ aX-ZrjvSym km[p-hm-Ip-I-bp-an√
F∂vt]mepw ]e alm≥amcpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-c-n-°p-∂p. CXn\v \ymbhpw
C√m-Xn-√.
XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ¿ƒª∏©J ºàæc ¿G ºµd ÒN ºµdP (AXv

\nßƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-Wv˛ \nßƒ°-dn-bm-sa-¶n¬!) hfsc A¿∞-K¿`-amb
Hcp hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. A¬∏-t\cw \nß-fpsS euInI Imcy-ßfpw tPmen-Øn-
c-°p-Ifpw H∂v \ndp-Øn-sh-®m-ep-≠m-Ip∂ \jvS-hpw, Ppap-Ax-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-
Øm¬ e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ t\´-ßfpw Xpe\w sNøp-tºmƒ \nßƒ°v a\-
n-em-°mw. CXmWv \nßƒ°v DØ-aw˛ CXmWv \nßƒ°v IqSp-X¬ em`-I-
cw˛ F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. JpXzp_x-bn¬ \n∂v e`n-°m-hp∂ Adn-hp-Iƒ, kwL-
ambn \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ \∑-Iƒ, Hcp \mńse ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ Hcn-SØv
ktΩ-fn-°p-∂-Xn¬ AS-ßnb cl-ky-ßƒ, k¿t∆m-]cn A√m-lp-hns‚
I¬∏\ A\p-kc - n-®p-sIm≠v A¬∏-t\cw sFlnI Imcy-ßf - n¬\n∂v kzÿ-
ambn A√m-lp-hns‚ hoń¬ Ahs‚ kvac-W-bnepw Ah-t\m-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-
\-bnepw Ign-™p-Iq-S¬, Ch Hmtcm∂pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw hfsc hne-]n-Sn® kºmZyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
_m¶p-hn-fn-tbm-Sp-IqSn \ndp-Øn-sh-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-®n-cp∂
G¿∏m-Sp-I-sf√mw PpapAx \a-kvImcw Ign-™m¬ F√m-h¿°pw ]pd-Øn-
dßn ]p\-cm-cw`n-°m-sa-∂pw, Aßs\ A√mlp Ahs‚ A\p-{K-l-Øm¬
Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øn-´p≈ D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kßƒ
kzoI-cn-°m-sa-∂p-amWv ASpØ (ïdG IÓ°üdG â«° b GPEÉa) hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Adn-
∑QG~ŸG Ò°ùØJ ‘ Éªc *

º∏°ùeh …QÉîÑdG ‘ Éªc **
4978
bn-°p-∂-Xv. \a-kvImcw Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc F√m hym]m-c-ßfpw \ndp-Øn-
sh-°¬ \n¿_‘-amWv F∂ A¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Hcp I¬]-\-b√ CXv.
BZysØ \ntcm-[m-⁄-bpsS kabw \akvImc-tØm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km-\n-
®p-sh∂ Adn-bn-∏pw, F\n AXv ho≠pw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≈p-hm-\p≈ A\p-
hm-Z-hpw, AtXm-sSm∏w A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-am-Ip∂ Blm-c-am¿Kw
tXSn-s°m-≈p-hm-\p≈ t{]m’m-l-\-hp-amWv AXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-
Xv.
Cu kµ¿-Øn¬ Hcp-Im-cyw-IqSn ChnsS Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv Aÿm-

\-Øm-hp-I-bn-√. Ppap-Ax-bn-em-I-s´, a‰v Pam-AØv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fn-em-I-s´,
\a-kvImcw Ign-™m¬ Nne {]tXyI cq]-Øn-ep≈ Iq´-{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ
Ignt™ Fgp-t∂‰v t]mImhq Fs∂mcp Aen-JnX \nbaw ]ecpw ]te-
SØpw BN-cn-®p-h-cp-∂p≠t√m. \a-kvImcw Ign-™m¬ `qan-bn¬ hym]n-°m-
sa∂v A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\°v FXn-cm-Wn-Xv. \_n
˜ tbm, kzlm-_n-I-tfm, Ahsc ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p-h∂ ap≥Km-an-Itfm Aßs\
sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xp-an-√. AtX-k-a-bØv \a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw ]e ZnIvdp-Iƒ sNm√p-
˜
hm\pw ZpB sNøm\pw \_n Xncp-ta\n -Du-∂n-∏-d-bp-I-bpw, {]h¿Ø-\-
Øn¬ ImWn-®p-X-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠p-Xm-\pw. ]t£, Iq´m-bn-cp-∂p-sIm-
t≠m, \n¿_-‘-sa∂ \net°m A√ AXv. sF—n-Ihpw ]pWy-I-chpw
F∂ \ne-°p-am{Xw. aX-kw-_-‘-amb an° A\p-jvTm-\-I¿a-ßfpw ]cn-
tim-[n-®m¬, C∂v \ΩpsS kap-Zm-bØ - ns‚ s]mXp-\ne Atß-Ad - dw hyk-
\-Ic- a
- m-Ip-∂p. H∂p-In¬, AXn¬ sh®p-sI-ńbpw Iqń-t®¿Øpw aX-Øns‚
AXn¿Øn-°-∏pdw IS∂ Hcp hn`m-KsØ As√-¶n¬ shń-®p-cp-°nbpw
X≈n-°-f™pw aX-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn-bn¬ FØn-t®-cmØ Hcp hn`m-K-
sØ, Cß-s\-bm-W[ - n-Ihpw Imäm≥ Ign-bp-∂X- v. \a-kvIm-cØ
- n\v tij-
ap≈ ZnIv¿, ZpB apX-em-bXpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp Iq´¿ \akvImc-
sØ-t∏m-setbm \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°m-f-[n-Itam {]m[m\yw AXn\v \¬Ip-
∂p. as‰mcp Iq´-cm-I-s´, AsX√mw ]g-©\pw ]cn-lm-ky-hp-ambn KWn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw Ahs‚ EPp-hmb ]mX-
bn¬\n∂v CS-tØm´pw he-tØm´pw sX‰msX t\¿°p-t\sc Ncn-°p-hm≥
XuôIzv \¬In A\p-{K-ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
Ppap-Axsb kw_-‘n® Imcy-ßƒ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw,

PpapAx I¿a-ß-fn¬ am{X-a-√, F√m Ah-k-c-Ønepw A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-
dn-®p≈ Hm¿abpw t_m[hpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-
∂pw,Cß-s\-bp≈ I¬]-\-Ifpw D]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sa√mw \¬Ip-∂Xv Ah-
cpsS hnP-b-Øn\pw \∑°pw th≠n-Ø-s∂-bm-sW∂pw DW¿Øn-s°m-
4979
≠mWv A√mlp c≠m-asØ hN\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p: ¿ƒë∏ØJ ºµ∏©d GÒãc ¬∏dG hôcPGh (\n-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ [mcmfw kvacn-°p-
Ibpw sNø-Ww˛ \nßƒ hnP-bn-t®-°mw.)
A√m-lp-hns\ [mcmfw kvacn-°p-I-bpw, Aßs\ hnPbw {]m]n-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ k÷-\-ß-fn¬ \sΩ-sb√mw Ah≥ Dƒs∏-SpØn A\p-
{K-ln-°-s´. ÚeBG
4980
`mKw 28 ¿ƒ≤aÉæŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 63 ap\m-^n-Izq≥
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¿ƒ≤aÉæŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
63. kqdØp¬˛ ap\m-^n-Izq≥

(Ign™ kqd-Øns‚ Bcw`Øn¬ Cu kqd-Øn-s\-∏-ddn {]kvXm-hn-
®Xv Hm¿an-°p-I).
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
bp-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬.
!1! (\-_n-tb) I]-S-hn-izm-kn-

Iƒ \ns‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-tºmƒ
Ah¿ ]dbpw: "Xm¶ƒ A√m-lp-
hns‚ dkq¬ Xs∂- b m- s W∂v
Rßƒ km£y- s ∏- S p- Ø p∂p
F∂v.'
A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw, \o Ahs‚
dkq¬ Xs∂ F∂v. \n›-b-am-bpw,
I]-Sh- n-izm-kn-Iƒ If-hp-]d
- b
- p-∂h
- -
cm-Ip-∂p-sh∂v A√mlp km£y-s∏-
Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
2! Xß-fpsS i]-Yß - sf Ah¿

Hcp XShv (A-Yhm ]cn-N) B°n-
bn- c n- ° p∂p; Aß- s \, A√m- l p-
hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂pw Ah¿ (P-
\-ß-sf) XS-bp-I-bm-Wv, \n›-b-am-
bpw, Ah¿ {]h¿Øn®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-∂Xv F{Xtbm Zpjn-®-Xs{X!
4981
!3! AXv, Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-
I- b pw, ]n∂oSv Ahn- i z- k n- ° p-
Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠m-Ip-∂p.
AXn- \ m¬ Ah- c psS lrZ- b -
ßƒ°v ap{Z-sh-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p:
BI-bm¬, Ah¿ (Im-cyw) {Kln-
°p-∂-X-√.
1! \ns‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-tºmƒ, h∂m¬ I]-S-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ Ah¿ ]dbpw \n›-b-ambpw \o A√m-lp-hns‚
dkq¬ Xs∂ A√mlp Adn-bp∂p \o Ahs‚ dkq¬
Xs∂ F∂v A√mlp km£y-s∏-Sp-ØpI (km£yw hln-°p-I)bpw
sNøp∂p \n›-b-ambpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ifhv ]d-
bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂ F∂v !2! Ah¿ B°n-bn-cn-°p∂p Xß-fpsS
i]Y (k-Xy)-ßsf Hcp XS-hv, ad-hv, ]cnN Aßs\ Ah¿ XS-
™p, Xń-°-f™p A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v \n›-b-
ambpw Ah¿ F{Xtbm (h-f-sc) Zpjn-®-XmWv Ah¿
{]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv !3! AXv Ah¿ hniz-kn-®Xv
\nan-Ø-amWv ]n∂oSv Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn-°bpw sNbvXp AXn-
\m¬ ap{Z-b-Sn-°-s∏´p Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°v F\n Ah¿
{Kln-°p-I-bn√
apkvenw thj-a-Wn-bp-I-bpw, AtX-k-a-bØv D≈n¬ Ahn-izmkw
]pe¿Øn-t∏m-cp-Ibpw, Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn¬ KqV-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cm-Wt√m I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ. \_n b- psS ASp-°¬ ˜
hcp-tºmƒ Xßƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-sW-∂pw, \_n -bn¬ hniz-kn-®n-´p- ˜
s≠∂pw \Sn-°pw. AXv kXyw sNbvXp km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw. ]d-
bp∂ Imcyw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ icn-bm-sW-¶n-epw, a\- m-£n-s°-Xn-cmbn sNøp∂
I≈-k-Xy-am-W-sX∂v hy‡-am-Wv. Xß-fpsS ad shfn-s∏-Sm-sX-bpw, Xßƒ
Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sm-sXbpw Xßƒ Ccn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp
XS-hm-bn-´s{X Ah-cXv sNøp-∂X- v. Ah-cpsS D≈p-I≈n Adn-bmØ apkvenwIsf
h©n-®p-I-f-bp-hm-\pw, Ah-cpsS Nne sIWn-h-e-I-fn¬ Ah¿ AI-s∏-Sp-hm\pw
AXv Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. "Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v XS-bp-I-
bm-Wv', F∂v ]d-™-Xv CXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. BZyw F√m apkvenwI-sf-bpw-t]mse
Ahcpw kXy-hn-izmkw tcJ-s∏-SpØn ]n∂oSv Ahn-izm-k-Øn¬Xs∂ Dd-®p-
\n¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXns‚ ê-ambn Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ Atß-A‰w
4982
Zpjn-°p-I-bpw, taen¬ bmsXmcp \∑bpw kXyhpw {]th-in-°m-Ø-hn[w Ah
`{Z-ambn AS-®p-]qń ap{Z sh°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v C\n
Ah¿ Imcyw {Kln-°p-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°m-h-X-√. CXmWv Ah-cpsS \ne F∂v
A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn\v Cu I]-Sh - n-izm-kn-It- fm-Sp≈ shdp-∏ns‚
ImTn\yw ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ ImWpI:
!4! Ahsc \o I≠m¬, Ah-
cpsS ico-c-ßƒ \ns∂ B›-cy-
s∏-SpØpw; Ah¿ (h-√-Xpw) ]d-bp-
∂-]£w Ah-cpsS hm°n-te°v
\o sNhn- s Im- S pØp t]mIbpw
sNøpw! Nmcn-sh-°-s∏´ ac-Øn-S-
I-sf-t∂m-W-an-cn-°p-∂p, Ah¿.
D®-Øn-ep≈ F√m i_vZß - fpw

Xßƒs°-Xn-cm-bm-sW∂v Ah¿
hnNm- c n- ° pw. Ah- c s{X i{Xp;
BI-bm¬, Ahsc kq£n-®p-sIm-
≈pI. A√mlp Ahsc \in-∏n-
°s´ [i]n-°s´]! Fß-s\-bmWv
Ah¿ (k-Xyw-hn-´p) sX‰n-°-s∏-Sp-
∂Xv?!
4! Ahsc \o I≠m¬ \ns∂ B›-cy-s∏-SpØpw
Ah-cpsS ico-c-ßƒ Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p (kw-km-cn-°p-∂p)-
sh-¶ntem \o tI´p (sN-hn-sIm-Sp-Øp) t]mIpw Ah-cpsS hm°n-
te°v, ]d-bp-∂-Xn-te°v Ah¿ ac-Ø-Sn-Isf t]mse-bp≠v
Nmcn-sh-°-s∏´ Ah¿ KWn-°pw, hnNm-cn°pw F√m A´-lm-
k-hpw, D®-Øn-ep≈ i_vZhpw Xßƒs°-Xn-cm-sW∂v Ah-
cs{X i{Xp BI-bm¬ Ahsc kq£n-®p-sIm-≈p-I, Ah-sc-∏‰n Pm{K-
X-bm-bn-cn-°pI A√mlp Ah-tcmSv bp≤w sNøs´, (A-hsc \in-
∏n-°-s´˛ i]n-°-s´) Fß-s\-bm-Wv, FhnsS \n∂mWv Ah¿ sX‰n-
°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, (A-k-Xy-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂-Xv)
AgIpw sImgp-∏p-ap≈ ico-cw, sNmSnbpw NpW-bp-ap≈ kwkm-cw, I≠m¬
B›cyw P\n-°pw, tI´m¬ sNhn-tbm¿Øpt]m-Ipw. ]t£, ac-Ø-Sn-Iƒ
Nmcn-sh-®-t]m-se-bm-Wv, D]-Im-c-an-√, Poh- n-√. ]ucp-jtam [oc-Xtbm
Dt≠m? AXp-an-√. D®-Øn-semcp i_vZw-tI-´m¬ hnd-fn-bm-bn, Xßƒs°-Xn-
4983
cn¬ Ft¥m B]Øv hcp-∂p-sh-∂mWv [mc-W. ]t£, Ipkr-Xn-bn-epw, h©-
\-bnepw anSp-°≥am-cm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-sc-∏‰n kZm PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°-
˜
W-sa∂v A√mlp \_n -sb-bpw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw DW¿Øp-∂p.
A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-tcm-Sp≈ ITn-\-amb shdp∏v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. πJÉb F∂ hm°n\v "bp≤w sNbvXp'sh∂mWv `mjm¿∞-sa-¶nepw Cß-
s\-bp≈ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ "\in-∏n-°-s´, i]n-°s´' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv
AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
!5!hcp-hn≥,"A√m-lp-hns‚
dkq¬ \nßƒ°v th≠n ]m]-tam-
N\w tXSn-s°m≈pw' F∂v Ah-
tcmSv ]d-b-s∏-´m¬, Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS Xe-Xn-cn-®p-I-f-bpw. Alw-
`mhw \Sn-°p-∂-h-cm-bpw-sIm≠v
Ah¿ Xń- Ø n- c n- ™ p- t ]m- I p- ∂ -
Xmbn \o ImWp-Ibpw sNøpw.
6! Ah¿°p-th≠n \o ]m]-
tam- N \w tXSn- t bm, Ah¿°p
th≠n \o ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-bn-
√tbm (c-≠pw) Ah-cn¬ ka-am-
Ip∂p; A√mlp Ah¿°v s]mdp
Øp sImSp-°p-∂-tX-b-√. \n›-b-
ambpw tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fmb P\-
ßsf A√mlp k≥am¿K-Øn-em-
°p-I-bn-√.
5! Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-s∏-´m¬ hcp-hn≥ \nßƒ°v

]m]-tam-N\w (s]m-dpXn) tXSpw A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ Ah¿
Xncn-°pw, B´pw Ah-cpsS Xe-Isf \o Ahsc (\n-\-°-hsc)
ImWp-Ibpw sNøpw Xń-Øn-cn®p (hn-´p) t]mIp-∂-Xmbn Ah¿
Bbn-s°m≠v - ¿ !6!
Alw-`mhw (h-ep-∏w) \Sn-°p-∂h Ah-
cn¬ ka-amWv Ah¿°v \o ]m]-tam-N\w tXSntbm
As√-¶n¬ \o ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-bn-√tbm Ah¿°p-th≠n
4984
A√mlp s]mdp-°p-∂-tX-b√ Ah¿°v \n›bw A√mlp
Ah≥ k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√ tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fmb
(Zp¿∂S∏pIm-cm-b) P\-ßsf
Xß-fpsS ]m]w s]mdpØv Int´-W-sa-t∂m, AXn-\mbn dkq¬ ˜

{]m¿∞n-®m¬ sIm≈m-sat∂m H∂pw Xs∂ Ah¿°v B{K-la - n-√. AsX√mw
Ah¿°v ]p—hpw ]cn-lm-k-hp-amWv. F\n, \_n ˜
Ah¿°p-th≠n ]m]-
tam-N\w tXSn-b-Xp-sIm≠v h√ sa®hpw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-hm-\pt≠m? AXp-
an-√. Imc-Ww, Ah¿ A{Xbpw tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-Ifpw Zpjn® [n°m-cn-I-fp-am-
Ip-∂p. Ah-cpsS [n°m-c-Øns‚ DZm-l-cWw CXm:
!7! Ah- c - s {X ]d- b p- ∂ - h ¿:

"A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-ens‚ ASp-°-
ep-≈-h¿°v \nßƒ (H-∂pw) Nne-
hp- s N- ø - c pXv ; Aßs\ Ah¿
thdn´v t]mbn-s°m≈pw' F∂v!
BIm- i - ß - f p- s S- b pw, `qan- b p-

sSbpw JP- \ m- ° ƒ [`Wv U m- c -
ßƒ] A√m-lp-hn-\mWv Xm\pw.
]t£, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {Kln-
°p-∂n-√.
8! Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p: "\mw aZo-

\x-bn-te°v aS-ßn-s®-∂m¬ IqSp-
X¬ {]Xm- ] - a p- ≈ - h ¿ IqSp- X ¬
\nµy-cp-am-bp-≈-hsc Ahn-sS-\n∂v
]pd-Øm-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw'F∂v!
{]Xm- ] w, A√m- l p- h n- \ pw,

Ahs‚ dkq-en-\pw, kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°p-amWv Xm\pw. ]s£,
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Adn-bp-∂n-√.
4985
!7! Ah-cs{X ]d-bp-∂-h¿ \nßƒ Nnehv sNø-
cpXv Nne¿°v, bmsXm-cp-h-cn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-ens‚
ASp-°-ep≈ Aßs\ Ah¿ thdn-´p-t]m-bn-s°m≈pw, t]mIp-
hm≥th≠n, t]mIp-∂-Xp-hsc A√m-lp-hn-∂m-Wp-Xm\pw JP-\m-
hpIƒ, `WvUm-cß
- ƒ, \nt£-]ß
- ƒ BIm-iß
- f
- p-sSbpw `qan-
bp-sSbpw ]t£, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {Kln-°p-∂n-√,
{Kln-°-bn√ !8! Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw (R-
ßƒ) aS-ßn-bm¬ aZo-\x-bn-te°v ]pd-Øm-°p-I-Xs∂
sNøpw IqSp-X¬ {]Xm-]-imen AXn¬ (A-hn-sS) \n∂v IqSp-
X¬ \nµy-\m-b-hs\ {]Xm]w A√m-lp-hn-∂m-Wp-Xm\pw
Ahs‚ dkq-en\pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw ]t£
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Adn-bp-∂n√, Adn-bp-I-bn√
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS a\- n¬ apkvenwI-tfm-Sp-ff ]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw

F{X-tØm-f-ap-s≠∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw."A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-em-
sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Ct±-l-Øns‚ H∂n®v Ipsd Bfp-I-fp-≠-t√m. \mw Xo‰n-
t∏m-‰n-bn-´mWv Ah¿ C{X A¥ pw {]Xm-]-hp-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-Xv. F\n
Ah¿°p-th≠n \msam∂pw Nne-h-gn-°-cp-Xv. Aßs\ Ah-sc√mw hns´m-gn-
™p-t]m-I-s´.'F∂v Ah¿ XΩn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. a\p-jy-cpsS Blm-cm-Zn-Im-cy-
ß-sf√mw Ah-cpsS Iøn-emWv \nt£-]n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv Ah-cpsS
hm°p-tI-´m¬ tXm∂p-I. BIm-i`q-an-I-fpsS kIe `WvUm-c-ßfpw A√m-
lp-hns‚ ssIh-i-am-sW∂ bmYm¿∞yw B I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {Kln-°m-
˜
Ø-XmWv AXn\v Imc-Ww. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, \_n bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw
aZo-\m-hn-´p-t]mb Nne bp≤-bm-{X-I-fn¬ Ah¿ ]d-™n-cp∂p; "\mw \mń¬
aS-ßn FØ-s´, Ch-cpsS A¥ pw tbmKy-Xbpw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°mw,
B¿°mWv A¥ pw {]Xm-]-hp-ap-≈-sX∂v a\- n-em-°ns°mSp°mw. \mw
Ahsc Ahn-sS-\n∂v \n›-b-ambpw ]pd-Øm°pw' Fs∂m-s°. {]Xm-]hpw
A¥- p-sa-√m-ap-≈Xv A√m-lp-hn-\pw, Ahs‚ I£n-bmb dkq-en\pw kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-am-Wv. AXv C√m-Xm-°mt\m ]nSn®p-]-‰mt\m Cu I]-
S≥am¿°v km[y-a√ - . Cu hmkvXhw Ah¿°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. AXmWv Cu hoºn-
f-°-en\v ImcWw F∂p kmcw. ap\m-^n-Izp-Iƒ ta¬]-d™ {]kvXm-h-\-I-
fpw, hoc-hm-Z-ßfpw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® kµ¿-`ß-sf-∏‰n _pJm-cn-bnepw a‰pw ]e
cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw ImWmw. AXn-se√mw {][m\ ]¶p-h-ln-®n-cp-∂Xv Ah-cpsS
Xe-h-\m-bn-cp∂ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p D_øp Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
4986
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-∏‰n hfsc i‡n-bmb `mj-bn¬ Bt£-]n-®p-sIm≠v
Ah-cpsS A¥-cw-K-ßƒ ]eXpw Xpd∂v Imń-b-ti-jw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
Ah-sc-t∏mse BIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ kq£n-t°-≠Xv Fß-s\-bm-sW∂v
A√mlp Ahsc D¬t_m[n-∏n-°p∂p:-˛
!9! tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc, \nß-

fpsS kzØp-°-fm-Is´ \nß-fpsS
a°-fm-I-s´, A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-
W-bn¬\n∂v \nßsf A{i-≤-bn-
em-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´. B¿ Aßs\
sNøp- ∂ p- t hm, F∂m¬ Ah¿
Xs∂-bmWv \jvS-s∏-´-h¿.
10! \nßƒ°v \mw \¬In-bn-

´p-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ Nne-h-gn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥, \nß-fn¬
Hcmƒ°v [Hmtcm-cp-h\pw] acWw
hs∂-Øp-Ib - pw, F∂n´v Ah≥ (C-
ß-s\) ]d-t™-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂- X n- \ p- a pºv: "Fs‚ dt∫,
ASpØ Hc-h-[n-h-tc°pw Fs∂
\o (H-gn-hm-°n) ]n¥n-®p-IqtS?˛
F∂m¬ Rm≥ Zm\- [ ¿aw
sNøp-I-bpw, kZvhrØ≥amcpsS
Iq´-Øn-em-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-am-
bn-cp∂p!'
11! Hcp tZl-sØbpw (B-sf-
bpw) AXns‚ Ah[n h∂m¬
A√mlp ]n¥n-°p-I-bn-√-X-s∂.
\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-
dn®v A√mlp- kq-£va-ambn Adn-
bp-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.
4987
!9! tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \nßsf A{i-≤-bn-em-°-
cp-Xv, an\-s°-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°s´ \nß-fpsS kzØp-°ƒ \nß-
fpsS a°fpw A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bn¬\n∂v Bsc-
¶nepw sNbvXm¬, B¿ sNbvXpthm AXv (A-{]-Im-cw) F∂m¬
A°q-´¿ Xs∂ \jvS-s∏-´-h¿ !10! \nßƒ Nne-h-gn-°bpw
sNøp-hn≥ \nßƒ°v \mw \¬In-b-Xn¬\n∂v hcp-
∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºmbn \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ°v acWw At∏m-f-h≥
]dbpw Fs‚ dt∫ Fs∂ \o ]n¥n®p (H-gn-hm-°n) X∂p-IqtS
Hcp Ah-[n-hsc ASp-Ø-Xmb F∂m¬ Rm≥ Zm\-
[¿aw sNømw, sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p Rm≥ Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
kZvhrØ≥am-cn¬s∏-´-h≥ !11! A√mlp ]n¥n-°p-∂-X√ Xs∂
Hcp tZlsØ (B-flm-hn-s\˛ Bsf)bpw h∂m¬ AXns‚
Ah[n A√mlp kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv \nßƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n
[\-kw-_-‘-amb Imcy-ß-fn-epw, k¥m-\-ß-fpsS kpJ-ku-I-cym-

Zn-I-fnepw _≤-{i-≤-cm-bn-s°m≠v A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Hm¿abpw
t_m[hpw \jvSs∏-Sp-hm≥ CS-h-cp-Ø-cp-sX∂v A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ \∑-s°-∂-t]m-se, Xn∑°pw Imc-W-am-Ip∂
c≠v hkvXp-°-fmWv [\hpw a°-fpw. ASpØ A≤ym-b-Øn¬ A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p: "\nß-fpsS kzØp-°fpw \nß-fpsS a°fpw Hcp ]co-£Ww am{X-am-
Wv.'(øHÉ¨àdG - áæàa ºcO’hCGh ºµdGƒeCG É‰EG) Cu ]co-£-W-Øn¬ hnPbw t\Sn-b-h-cs{X
`mKy-hm≥am¿. CXn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-h-cs{X \jvS-s∏-´-h¿. hnPbw t\Sp-hm-
\p≈ am¿K-amWv [\w A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ Nne-h-gn-°¬. [\-am-I-
s´, A√mlp X∂ A\p-{K-l-amWv Xm\pw. a‰v Xpd-I-fn¬ Gsd-°psd \√
\ne-°m-cmb Bfp-Iƒt]mepw an°-hmdpw Zm\-[¿am-Zn-I-fnepw s]mXp \∑-
I-fnepw [\w Nne-hm-°m≥ aSn-°p-∂-h-cmbn ImWmw. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb
Bfp-Iƒ°pw ]nW-bp∂ Hcp alm-hn-]-Øm-Wn-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kXy-hn-
izm-kn-Isf hnfn®v C°mcyw {]tXyIw A√mlp DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. Pohn-X-Im-
eØv [\w Nne-hm-°p-hm≥ aptºm´v hcm-Ø-h¿ ac-W-th-f-bn¬ tJZn-°p-sa-
∂pw, B tJZw sIm≠v bmsXmcp êhpw e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw A√mlp
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-∂p. k÷-\-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-tS-W-sa∂v B{K-
ln-°m-Ø-h¿ Zm\-[¿am-Zn-I-fn¬ ]nt∂m-°-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]‰p-I-bn-s√∂v
4988
CXn¬\n∂v \√-t]mse a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
Zm\-[¿a-ß-fn¬sh®v G‰hpw DØ-a-am-bXv GXm-sW∂v tNmZn-°-

˜
s∏-´-t∏mƒ \_n Xncp-ta\n Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ \¬Inb adp-]Sn Hmtcm kXy-
hn-izm-knbpw kZm Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXmWv B adp-]Sn: "\o Zmcn-{Zy-
sØ t]Sn-®pw, [\-Øn\v tamln-®pw-sIm≠v Btcm-Ky-hm\pw ]nip-°-\p-am-
bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Zm\-[¿aw sNø-em-Wv. (C-XmWv G‰hpw DØ-a-am-b-Xv) Poh≥
sXm≠-°p-gn-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xp-h-tc°pw \oń-sh-°-cp-Xv. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ \o
]d-t™°pw: "C∂ Bƒ°v C{X, C∂ Bƒ°v C{X' F∂v. At∏m-gm-I-s´,
AXv C∂ Bƒ°v (A-h-Im-in-Iƒ°v) Bbn-°-gn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°pw.'
(_p; ap.)
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpw, kXy-\n-tj-[n-Ifpw ac-W-k-a-bØv tJZn®p hne-

]n-°p-I-bpw, Xßsf A¬]-Im-e-tØ-°p-IqSn aS-°n-Ø-∂m¬ Xßƒ taen¬
\∂m-bn-s°m-≈m-sa∂v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv tIW-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v
kq: C_vdmlow 44 epw a‰pw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, kXy-hn-
izm-kn-I-fn¬X-s∂, k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ hogvN-h-cp-Øn-b-hcpw Xß-
fpsS hogvN-sb-∏-ddn tJZn-°p-sa-∂pw, B hogvN \nI-Øp-hm≥ A¬]w-IqSn
Ah-kcw \¬ItW F∂v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv A-t]-£n-°p-sa∂pw Cu hN-\-
Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \sΩ-sb√mw A√mlp Ahs‚
k÷-\-ß-fmb ASn-bm≥am-cn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØn A\p-{K-ln-°-s´, Bao≥.
≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
π° ØdGh áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
4989
`mKw 28 øHÉ¨àdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 64 AØ-Km-_p≥
4990
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
øHÉ¨àdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
64. kqdØpØ-Km-_p≥
]caImcpWnI\pw,
IcpWm\n[nbpamb A√mlphns‚
\maØn¬.
!1! BIm-iß- f- n-ep-≈X
- pw, `qan-
bn-ep-≈Xpw (F-√mw) A√m-lp-hn\v
kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p. Ah-
∂mWv cmPm-[n-]Xyw; Ah-∂mWv
kvXpXn-bpw. Ah≥ F√m Imcy-
Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
1! A√m-lp-hn\v kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp∂p

BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw Ah-\mWv cmP-
Xzw, B[n-]Xyw Ah-\p-X-s∂-bmWv kvXpXnbpw Ah≥
F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-f-f-h-\mWv
"Xkv_oln's‚ (kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø-\-Øn-s‚) hmIyw sIm≠m-cw-`n-°p∂

kqd-Øp-Ifn (äÉëÑ°ùŸG)¬ Ah-km-\t- Ø-Xm-Wn-Xv. "Xkv_oln's\°p-dn®v \mw
apºv hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠-t√m. F√m hkvXp-°fpw F¥p-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn\v
Xkv_olv sNøp-∂p, F¥p-sIm≠v sNøWw? CXn-\p≈ Imc-Whpw Cu
hN-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ kw£n-]vX-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw.
XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw e`n-°p-∂p.
4991
! 2! Ah- \ - s {X, \nßsf
krjvSn-®-h≥, F∂n-´v, \nß-fn¬
(Nn-e¿) Ahn-izm-kn-bp≠v; \nß-
fn¬ (Nn-e¿) kXy-hn-izm-knbpw
D≠v. \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-
s\-∏‰n A√mlp I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\p-
am-Ip-∂p.
3! BIm-i-ß-sf-bpw, `qan-
sbbpw Ah≥ apd- { ]- I mcw
krjvSn- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. Ah≥
\nßsf cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Aß-
s\, \nß-fpsS cq]-ßsf \∂m-
°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂p. Ah-¶-te-°-s{X, Xncn-s®-Ø-
epw.
4! BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-ep-
ap-≈Xv (ap-gp-h-\pw) Ah≥ Adn-
bp∂p; \nßƒ cl-ky-am-°p-∂-
Xpw, ]c-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw Ah≥
Adn-bp-∂p.
A√m-lp, s\©p-I-fn¬ [lrZ-
b-ß-fn¬] D≈-Xn-s\-∏‰n Adn-bp-
∂-h-\p-am-Wv.
!2! Ah-\s{X \nßsf krjvSn-®-h≥ F∂n´v \nß-

fn¬\n∂v (Nn-e¿), \nß-fn-ep≠v Ahn-izmkn \nß-fn¬\n-∂v, \nß-
fn-ep≠v kXy-hn-izm-kn(-bpw) A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv !3! BIm-i-ßsf
Ah≥ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p `qan-sbbpw bYm¿∞ (ap-d˛ \ymb˛
Imcy)-{]-Imcw \nßsf cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp Aßs\
Ah≥ \∂m°n \nß-fpsS cq]-ßsf Ah-¶-te-°mWv
Xncn-s®-Ø¬, sN∂p-tN-c¬ !4! Ah≥ Adn-bp∂p BIm-
i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bnepw Ah≥ Adn-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p
\nßƒ cl-ky-am-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ ]c-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw
4992
A√mlp Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-amWv s\©v (lr-Z-bw)-I-fn-ep-≈-Xns\
ta¬ hnh-cn® bmYm¿∞y-ßsf Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-
Øo¿∂ ap≥k-ap-Zm-b-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h∂ AtX Zpc-¥-^-e-ßƒ \ne-
hn-ep≈ Cu P\-X°pw Hcp ]mT-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂v ASpØ hN\w
Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
!5! apºv Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-cpsS
hrØm¥w \nßƒ°v h∂n-
ńt√?˛ F∂n´v Xß-fpsS Imcy-
Øns‚ Zpc-¥-êw Ah¿ Bkz-
Zn®p; Ah¿°v thZ- \ - t b- d nb
in£bpw D≠v.
6! AXv CXp-sIm-≠mWv: (A-

Xm- b - X v ) Ah- c psS dkq- e p- I ƒ
hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ah-
cpsS ASp- ° ¬ sN∂n- c p∂p;
At∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p: "a\p-
jytcm \ap°v am¿K- Z ¿i\w
\¬Ip∂p?'
Aß-s\, Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn-
°p-I-bpw, Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp; (A-h-cn¬ \n∂v) A√m-
lphpw [\yX ImWn-®p. [CXmWv
Imc- W w]. A√mlp (]- c m- { ibw
th≠m-Ø) [\y-\pw, kvXpXy¿l-
\p-am-Wv.
!5! \nßƒ°v h∂n-ńt√ hrØm-¥w, h¿Ø-am\w
Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-cpsS apºv F∂n-´-h¿ Bkz-Zn-®p, cpNn-®p-t\m°n
ITn-\-^-ew, sISp-Xn, Zpc¥w Ah-cpsS Imcy (hn-j-b)-Øns‚
Ah¿°v in£-bp-ap≠v thZ-\-tb-dnb !6! AXv Imcyw
(B-Wv) F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ah¿°v h∂p (sN-∂v) sIm≠n-cp∂p
Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-Iƒ hy‡-am-bh (sX-fn-hp-Iƒ) sIm≠v
F∂n-´h
- ¿ ]d™p a\p-jytcm \sΩ k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p∂p
Aßs\ Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn®p Ah¿ Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp
4993
[\yX (A-\m-{i-b-X) ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp, sFiz-cy-ambn
A√mlp A√m-lp-hm-Is´ [\y-\mWv sFiz-cy-hm-\m-Wv, A\m-{i-b-
\mWv kvXpXy¿l-\m-Wv, kvXpXn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\mWv
dkq-ep-Iƒ th≠{X sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn sN∂n´pw AsXm∂pw hI-sh-°m-

sX, \sΩ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv \sΩ-t∏m-ep≈ a\p-
jy-cmtWm F∂v ]d™v AsX√mw Ah¿ \nc-kn-®p. A√m-lp-hns‚ B{i-
bhpw klm-bhpw Xßƒ°m-h-iy-an-√mØ \ne-]m-SmWv Ah¿ kzoI-cn-®-Xv.
A√m-lp-hm-I-s´, Bcp-sSbpw bmsXm-cm-{i-b-hpw Bh-iy-an-√mØ [\y-\p-am-
Wv. Ah¿ Ah-cpsS ]mń-\p-t]m-Is´ F∂p-sh®v A√mlp Ahsc ]pdw-X-
≈p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXm-W-h¿°v hºn® \mi-ßƒ ]nW-bp-hm≥ Imc-W-am-
b-Xv.
!7! Ahn-iz-kn-®h - ¿ P¬]n-°p-
I-bm-Wv: Ah¿ (a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw)
Fgp- t ∂¬∏n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ - t X- b √
F∂v.
(\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: C√mtX!

Fs‚ d∫v Xs∂bmW (k-Xyw)
\n›- b - a m- b pw, \nßƒ Fgp-
t∂¬]n-°-s∏Spw; ]n∂oSv \nßƒ
{]h¿Øn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n \nßƒ°v
hrØm- ¥ - a - d n- b n- ° - s ∏- S pw. AXv
A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n m-c-Im-cy-
am-Ip-∂p.
!7! Pev]n-®p, hmZn-®p, ]d™p Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿
Ah¿ Fgp-t∂¬]n° (]p-\-sc-gp-t∂¬]n-°)-s∏-Sp-∂-tX-b√ F∂v \o
]d-bpI C√mtX, D≠v, D∆v Fs‚ d∫v Xs∂-bmW \n›-b-
ambpw \nßƒ Fgp-t∂¬]n-°s∏Spw ]n∂oSv \nßƒ°v hrØm¥w
Adn-bn-°-s∏Spw \n›bw \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n AXv
A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ \n m-c-am-Wv, Ffp-∏-ap-≈-XmWv
ac-Wm-\¥- c Pohn-XsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂h- t- cmSv Cßs\ i‡n-bmbn BW-

bn´v Dd-∏n®v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm≥ \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-°p∂ aq∂v Xncp-h-N-\- ˜
ap-≈-Xn¬ aq∂m-a-tØ-XmWv Cu hN-\w. H∂m-a-tØXv kq: bq\pkv 53 -epw,
c≠m-a-tØXv kq: k_-Dv 3 epw ImWmw. hnj-b-Øns‚ Kuc-h-sØ-bm-WnXv
4994
Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠m-a-sXmcp PohnXw \¬I¬ Hcp Akm-[y-Im-cy-ambn
\nßƒ°v tXm∂p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXv
H´pw-Xs∂ {]bm-k-s∏-´-X-√˛ hfsc \n m-c-am-Wv˛ F∂v Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p:
!8! BI-bm¬, A√m-lp-hn-epw,
Ahs‚ dkq-enepw. \mw Ah-X-cn-
∏n-®n-´p≈ {]Im-i-Ønepw \nßƒ
hniz- k n- ® p- s Im- ≈ p- I . A√mlp
\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n
kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv.
8! BI-bm¬ hniz-kn-°p-hn≥ A√m-lp-hn¬ Ahs‚

dkq-enepw {]Im-i-Ønepw \mw Cd-°n-b-Xmb A√mlp
\nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv
Izp¿Bs\ Dt±-in-®mWv ChnsS {]Imiw (QƒædG) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

A⁄-X, Ak-Xyw, Zp¿am¿Kw BZn-bmb Ccp-´p-I-fn¬\n∂v ⁄m\-Øn-te-
°pw, kXy-Øn-te-°pw, k≥am¿K-Øn-te°pw shfn®w \¬Ip∂ {]Im-i-am-
Wt√m AXv.
!9! Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p∂ (B) Znh-

k-tØ°v \nßsf Ah≥ Hcp-an-
®p-Iq-´p∂ Znhkw (Hm¿an-°p-I);
˛A-Xs{X \jvSw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂
Znhkw!
B¿ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-
Ibpw k¬°¿aw {]h¿Øn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp- ∂ pthm Ah\v
Ahs‚ Xn∑-Isf Ah≥ ad®v
(s]m-dp-Øp) sImSp-°p-∂-XmWv;
ASn-`m-K-Øp-IqSn Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-
In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kz¿K-ß-fn¬
Ahs\ {]th- i n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNøpw; AXn¬ Fs∂∂pw ÿnc-
hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬.
4995
AXs{X al-Ømb `mKyw!
! 10! Ahn- i z- k n- ° p- I bpw

\ΩpsS BbØpIsf [e£y-
ßsf] hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-
h-cm-I-s´, A°q-´¿ \c-I-Øns‚
Bƒ°m-cm-Ip-∂p-˛ AXn¬ ÿnc-
hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬. (B) Xncn-
s®- Ø p∂ ÿm\w F{X- t bm-
NoØ!
9! \nßsf Ah≥ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p∂ Znhkw Hcp-an-

®p-Iq-´p∂ Znh-k-tØ°v AXv, AXs{X \jvSw shfn-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂ (em` \jvSw t\m°p-∂) Znhkw B¿ A√m-lp-hn¬
hniz-kn-°p-∂p-thm, {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw k¬°¿aw, \√Xv
Ah-\n¬ \n∂v Ah≥ ad®p (aq-Sn) sImSp°pw Ahs‚ Xn∑-Isf
Ahs\ {]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw kz¿K-ß-fn¬ Hgp-
Ip∂, \S°p∂ AXns‚ ASn-bn¬IqSn Acphn (\-Zn)-Iƒ
AXn¬ ÿnc (im-iz-X) hmkn-I-fmb \ne°v Fs∂∂pw,
F°m-ehpw AXs{X `mKyw, AXv hnP-b-as{X al-Øm-b,
hºn® !10! Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvX
\ΩpsS Bb-Øp-Isf A°q-´¿ \c-I-°m-cmWv
AXn¬ ÿnc-hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬ F{Xtbm NoØ, hfsc
tami-amWv (B) Xncn-s®-Øp∂ ÿew, aS°w
Cl-Øn¬sh®v Poh-]-cy¥w \S-Ønb hym]m-c-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw IW°v

]cn-tim-[n®v B¿s°-√m-amWv \jvSw ]nW-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, B¿s°-√m-amWv
em`w Inń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Znhkw A∂m-W-t√m. AXp-
sIm-≠mWv B Znh-k-Øn\v \jvSw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ˛A-Yhm em`-\jvSw
IW°v t\m°p∂ ˛Zn-hkw (øHÉ¨àdG Ωƒj) F∂v ]d-™-Xv. BcmWv em`w t\Sn-
b-h-sc∂pw F¥mWv Ah¿°v em`w Inń-b-sX-∂pw, BcmWv \jvS-°m-sc-
∂pw, F¥m-Wh - ¿°v ]nW™ \jvSs - a∂pw XpS¿∂v ]d-™X
- n¬\n∂v Xs∂
AXv kv]jvS-am-Wv.
4996
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
! 11! bmsXmcp _m[bpw
Xs∂, A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-aXn
{]Im-c-a-√msX _m[n-°p-∂-X-√.
B¿ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-
thm, Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\v Ah≥
am¿K- Z ¿i\w \¬Ip- ∂ - X m- W v .
A√mlp F√m Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw
Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
12! \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\

A\p-k-cn-°p-hn≥; dkq-en-s\bpw
A\p-k-cn-°p-hn≥. F\n, \nßƒ
Xncn- ™ p- t ]m- I p- I - b m- s W- ¶ n¬
(A- d n- t ™- ° p- I ), ˛F- ∂ m¬˛
\n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS dkq-ens‚
ta¬ kv]jvS-amb {]t_m-[\w
am{X-amWv (_m-[y-X) D≈-Xv.
13! A√m-lp, Ah-\-√msX

Bcm-[y-t\-bn-√. A√m-lp-hn-s‚-
ta¬ `c- t a¬]n- ® p- s Im- ≈ - s ´,
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ.
11! _m[n-°pI (F-Øp-I)-bn-√ Hcp _m[-bpw, hn]Øpw

A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-aXn {]Imcw (k-Ω-Xw-sIm-≠v) A√msX
B¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm A√m-lp-hn¬ Ah≥ t\¿am¿Kw
(am¿K-Z¿i-\w) \¬Ip∂p Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\v A√mlp
F√m-Im-cysØ (h-kvXp-sh)-∏-‰nbpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv !12!
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-°bpw sNøp-hn≥ dkq-ens\
A\p-k-cn-°bpw sNøp-hn≥ F∂m¬ \nßƒ Xncn-™p-t]m-Ip∂
]£w F∂m¬ \ΩpsS dkq-en-s‚-ta¬ Df-fXv
kv]jvS-amb {]t_m-[\w (F-Øn-°¬) am{X-amWv !13! A√mlp
4997
Bcm-[yt\ C√, ssZhta C√ Ah≥ A√msX A√m-lp-hns‚
ta¬ `c-ta-ev]n-®p-sIm-≈s´ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
A√mlp Dt±-in-®Xpw IW-°m-°n-bX - p-a√
- msX bmsXmcp Imcyhpw kw`-
hn-°p-I-bn-√. CXv A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Hcp
hi-a-s{X. A√m-lp-hn¬ icn°pw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°v Ah≥
k≥am¿Kw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw, AXn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah\v
_m[n-°p-∂-sX-√mw˛ \∑-bm-I-s´, Xn∑-bm-I-s´˛ Ah\v KpW-I-c-ambn Iem-in-
°p-I-bpw sNøpw. AXmWv Hcp Xncp-h-N-\-Øn¬ \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®-
bvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv: "kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Imcyw B›-cy-amWv! Ah\v A√mlp
GsXm∂v hn[n-®mepw AX-h\v KpW-I-c-am-Im-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. h√ _p≤n-ap´pw
(I-jvS-∏m-Spw) Ah\v _m[n-®m¬ Ah≥ £an-°pw; Aß-s\, AX-h\v KpW-am-
bn-Øo-cpw. h√ kt¥m-jhpw Ahs\ _m[n-®m¬ Ah≥ \µn-sN-øpw; Aßs\
AXpw Ah\v KpW-am-bn-Øo-cpw. CXv kXy-hn-izm-kn-°-√msX thsd Hcmƒ°pap-
≠m-hp-I-bn-√.' (_p; ap.)
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v lnZm-bØv (k≥am¿K-Z¿i-\w) e`n-°p-hm-\p-ff
H∂m-asØ D]m[n hnizmkw Xs∂. hnizm-k-Øns‚ km£m¬I-cWw A√m-
lp-hn-s\-bpw, dkq-en-s\-bpw˛ Ah-cpsS hn[n-hn-e-°p-I-sf˛ A\p-k-cn-°¬sIm-
≠p-am-Ip-∂p. CXv c≠pw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Hcmƒ Xøm-dn-s√-¶n¬ AXns‚ DØ-c-
hm-ZnØw Ah-\p-X-s∂. dkq-en\v AXn¬ _m[y-X-sbm-∂p-an-√. A√m-lp-hns‚
ZuXyw icn°pw {]t_m-[\w sNbvXp FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI am{Xta At±-l-
Øn\v Npa-X-e-bp-≈q. AX-t±lw \n¿∆-ln-®n-´p-ap-≠v. F∂n´v ]ns∂bpw ]n≥Xn-
cn™p t]mIp-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS Imcy-ßƒ Bcn-se-¶nepw A¿∏n®p sIm≈-s´.
Xulo-Zns‚ Bƒ°m-cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Imcy-ß-sf√mw A√m-
lp-hn¬ am{Xw A¿∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Ah≥ aXn Ah¿°v.
!14! tl, hniz-kn-®h - t- c,

\n›-b-ambpw \nß-fpsS CW-I-
fnepw \nß-fpsS a°-fnepw Xs∂
\nßƒ°v (H- c p- X - c w) i{Xp- ° -
fp≠v; AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ Ahsc
ImØp (kq-£n-®p) sIm≈p-hn≥.
\nßƒ am∏p- \ ¬Ip- I -

bpw, hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw, s]mdp-
Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-
¶n-tem, \n›-b-am-bpw, A√mlp
hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv, Icp-
Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv.
4998
!15! \n›-b-ambpw \nß-fpsS
kzØp-°-fpw, \nß-fpsS a°fpw
Hcp ]co-£Ww am{X-am-Wv. A√m-
lp- h m- I - s ´, Ahs‚ ]°¬
hºn® {]Xn-^-e-ap-≠vXm-\pw.
14! tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \n›-b-ambpw
\nß-fpsS CW-I-fn-ep-≠v, `mcy-am-cpsS Iq´-Øn-ep≠v \nß-fpsS
a°-fnepw Hcp (X-cw) i{Xp, Nne i{Xp-°ƒ \nßƒ°v
AXp-sIm≠v Ahsc \nßƒ kq£n-°p-hn≥, Pm{KX sh°pI
\nßƒ am∏v \¬Ip∂ ]£w \nßƒ hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw
\nßƒ s]mdpØp sImSp-°p-Ibpw F∂m¬ A√mlp hfsc
s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv !15! \n›-b-ambpw
\nß-fpsS kzØp-°ƒ \nß-fpsS a°fpw Hcp ]co-£Ww (X-
s∂, am{X-am-Wv) A√m-lp-hm-Is´ Ahs‚ ]°-ep≠v hºn-
®-{]-Xn-êw, Iqen
\ntXy\ \msa-√m-hcpw {i≤n-t°≠ Nne bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmWv A√mlp
Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬
A\p`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ IjvS-ß-fpsS knwl`m-Khpw Xs‚ `mcym-a-°fpsS
\n¿_-‘-Øn\pw imTy-Øn\pw hg-ßn, As√-¶n¬ Ah-tcm-Sp≈ hm’eyw
\nan-Øw, As√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS GsX-¶nepw sIm≈-cp-Xm-bva-aqew Ah≥ ]e
A]-I-S-Øn-epw, th≠m-hr-Øn-bnepw sN∂p-Nm-Spw. A]-am\w kln-t°-≠n-
h-cp-∂p, A{I-a-Øn\pw h©-\°pw Hcp-sº-Sp-∂p, IpSpw-_-ß-tfmSpw an{X-
ß-tfmSpw ]nW-tß-≠n-h-cp-∂p, Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ apS-tß-≠n-h-cp-∂p, Zp¿hybw
sNøp-∂p, ISw t]dp-∂p, hmKvZØw ewLn-°p-∂p, aX-]-chpw kZm-Nm-c-]-c-
hp-amb \n¿_-‘-I-S-a-Iƒ Dt]-£n-°p-∂p, Aßs\ ]e-Xpw. Npcp-°-Øn¬
sFln-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb Xpd-I-fn¬ Ah¿ \nanØw Ah\v t\cn-t´-
°mhp∂ tZmj-ßƒ \nc-h[ - n-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v `mcym-a°
- ƒ \nanØw Cß-
s\-bp≈ Zpc-h-ÿ-bn¬ ]Xn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Ft∏mgpw
hfsc Pm{K-Xbpw kq£va-Xbpw ssIsIm-≈Wsa∂v A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Isf Xm°oXv sNøp-∂p.
AtX ka-bØv as‰mcp hihpw t\mt°-≠X- m-bp-≠v. Hcm-fpsS `mcym-
a-°ƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Abm-fpsS A{X-Xs∂ ]mIX {]m]n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-
bn-√t- √m. Ahsc \∂m-°n-Øo¿t°-≠p∂ Npa-Xe- bpw Ah-\p-≠v. BI-bm¬,
Ah-cn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßƒs°√mw Ah¿s°-Xn-sc \S-]-Sn-sb-
4999
Sp-°p-hm≥ apXn-cp-∂Xpw icn-b√ - . Nne kµ¿`-ßf - n¬ AXv Bh-iyhpw kzoIm-
cy-hp-am-bn-cn-°m-sa∂v am{Xw. Ign-bp-∂Xpw £an-°p-I, am∏pw hn´p-ho-gvNbpw
ssIsIm-≈p-I, CXmWv Ic-Wo-ba - m-bn-´p-≈X
- v. CXn\v t{]m’m-l\w \¬IpI
am{X-a√ A√mlp sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv \nanØw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-
∂p≈ s]mdp-Xnbpw Imcp-Wyhpw e`n-°p-sa∂v Nq≠n-°m-´p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-
°p-∂p. (14 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-`mKw t\m°p-I.) At∏mƒ \√Xpw
NoØbpw t\m°m-sX-, \ymbm-\ym-b-hy-Xymkw IqSm-sX, lemepw ldmapw
(]m-Sp-≈Xpw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xpw) Btem-Nn-°msX I≠-am\w `mcym-a-°-fpsS
CjvSsØ e£y-am°n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°pw-, t\sc-a-dn®v th≠-Xn\pw
th≠m-Ø-Xn-\p-sa√mw kz¥w `mcy-sbbpw a°-sfbpw imkn®pw a¿±n®pw
hcp-∂-h¿°pw Cu hN-\-Øn¬ Xm°o-Xp-s≠-∂p-Im-Wmw.
"\nß- f psS kzØp- ° fpw a°fpw Hcp ]co- £ Ww am{X- a mWv '
(áæàa ºcO’hCGh ºµdGƒeCG É‰EG) F∂ hmIyhpw hfsc {i≤m¿l-amb Hcp XXz-amWv
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv. AsX, sFln-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb \∑-Iƒ°v Imc-W-
am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ sFln-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb Xn∑-Iƒ°pw
AXv c≠pw Imc-W-am-tb-°mw. AXp-sIm≠v kzØpw a°fpw D≈-h-sc√mw
`mKy-hm≥am-sct∂m As√t∂m IW-°m-°p-hm≥ hø. A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
\n∂p≈ {]Xn-^-esØ D∂w-sh-®pw, AXn\v {]m[m\yw I¬∏n-®p-sIm≠pw
Ahsb D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿ ]co-£-W-Øn¬ hnP-bn-Ifpw `mKy-hm≥am-
cp-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-Ø-h¿ ]cm-Pn-Xcpw \n¿`m-Ky-hm≥am-cpw-X-s∂. ]e-t∏mgpw
sFln-I-\-∑-bpw, ]mc-{Xn-I-\-∑bpw XΩn¬ sshcp-≤y-hp-am-bn-cn°pw D≠m-
bn-cn-°p-I. Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ, ap≥K-W\ \¬tI-≠Xv GXn-\mWv F∂pw
A√mlp AtXm-sSm∏w Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]co-£Ww hnP-b-I-c-
ambn Iem-in-t°-Ws - a-¶n¬, kzØp-aqehpw a°ƒaq-ehpw e`n-t®°p∂ F√m
sFlnI Xm¬]- c y- ß - s fbpw h¿÷n- ° - W - s a- ∂ pt≠m? AXn- √ .
¢ü°ü≤dG-É«f~dG øe ∂Ñ«°üf ¢ùæJ ’h (C-l-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈- \ns‚ ]¶v hnkva-cn-°p-Ibpw
th≠m) F∂m¬, ]co-£-W-Øn¬ hnP-bn-°p-∂-h¿ Bcm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.
! 16! A X p - s I m ≠ v
\nßƒ°v km[y- a m- b - { ]- I mcw
hn≥; tIƒ°p-I-bpw, A\p-k-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥; \nßƒ°v
kz¥w Xs∂ KpW-Ic - a
- mb \ne°v
([-\w) Nne-h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
hn≥.
5000
bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ahs‚ a\-
ns‚ ]nip- ° n¬ (A- Y hm
B¿Øn-bn¬) \n∂v ImØp-c-£n-
°-s∏-Sp-∂p-thm, Aß-s\-bp-≈-
h¿X-s∂-bmWv hnP-bn-Iƒ.
!16! AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-hn≥
\nßƒ°v km[y-am-b-Xv, Ign-bp-∂{X tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNøp-
hn≥ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ Nnehv sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-
hn≥ KpW-am-bn´v, KpW-amb \ne°v \nßƒ°v Xs∂, \nß-
fpsS tZl-ßƒ (B-flm-°ƒ)-°p-th≠n B¿ Im° (c-£n-°)-s∏-Sp-
∂pthm Xs‚ a\- ns‚ (kz-tZ-l-Øn-s‚) ]nip-°v, B¿Øn-
bn¬\n∂v F∂m¬ A°q-´¿ Xs∂ hnP-bn-Iƒ
[\w aptJ-\bpw a°ƒ aptJ-\-bp-ap≈ ]co-£-W-ß-fn¬ hnPbw

t\Sp-hm-\p≈ am¿K-ßƒ Ch-bmWv:
(1) F√m hnj-b-Ønepw Ah-\-h\v Ign-bp-∂-{X A√m-lp-hns\

kq£n-°p-I. AYhm Ahs‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Isf AXn-ew-Ln-°m-sX-bpw,
Ahs‚ in£sb kq£n®pw sIm≠n-cn-°p-I.
(2) Hmtcm hnj-bØ

- nepw A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw I¬∏n-°p∂
I¬∏-\-I-fpw, \n¿t±-in-°p∂ \n¿t±-i-ßfpw tI´p a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw kzoI-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
(3) AX-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-I.
(4) Ah-\-h\v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ KpW-I-c-ambn Iem-in-°p∂ hnj-b-

ß-fn¬ ]c-am-h[n Nnehv sNøp-I.
Cu \mev Imcy-ßfpw th≠-Xp-t]mse Ku\n°p∂h¿°v Xß-fpsS

a°fpw kzØp-°-fp-sa√mw hºn® A\p-{K-l-am-bn-cn-°pw. Cs√-¶ntem?
im]hpw! F∂m¬, C°m-cy-ßƒ Ku\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v G‰hpw henb hnLm-
X-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv a\- ns‚ ASn-Ø-ń¬ Hfn-®p-In-S-°p∂ Hcp ss]im-NnI
Zp¿Kp-W-a-s{X. AsX, kz¥w Iøn-ep-≈Xv Nne-hm-°p-hm-\p≈ ]nip-°pw,
a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ]°-ep-≈-Xp-IqSn e`n-°p-hm-\p≈ B¿Øn-bpw. CXn-\mWv í°T
5001
(iplvlv) F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv. GsXmcp lrZ-b-Øn¬ "iplvlv' IpSn-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-∂pthm B lrZ-b-Øn\v ta¬{]-kvXm-hn® \mev Imcy-ßfpw bYm-hn[n
kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. AXp-sIm≠mWv "iplvln'¬\n∂v c£-s∏-´-
h- c mWv hnP- b n- I ƒ F∂v A√mlp {]tXyIw DW¿Øn- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v .
("iplvln's\∏‰n kq: liv¿ 9 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®Xv
Hm¿°p-I.)
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°-W-sa∂v ]d-™-t∏mƒ \nßƒ°v "km[y-am-b{X'
(ºà©£à°SG Ée) F∂v D]m-[n-sh-®n-´p-≈Xv {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-s‚bpw
]c-am-h[n Ign-hp-t]mse A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°Ww F∂v kmcw. kq:
Bep-Cw-dm≥ 102 ¬ "A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-t°-≠p∂ apd-{]-Imcw kq£n-
°p-hn≥'(¬JÉ≤J ≥M ¬∏dG Gƒ≤JG) F∂v ]d-™n-´p-f-f-Xns‚ Dt±-iyhpw CXp-X-s∂. A√m-
lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ IS-∏mSv ]cn-]q¿W-ambn \nd-th-‰p-hm≥ a\p-jy¿°v km[y-a-
s√-∂pw, km[y-X-bp≈ Af-hn¬Xs∂ hy‡n-I-sf√mw ka-\n-e-°m-c-s√∂pw
hy‡-am-W-t√m. "Hcm-tfm-Spw-Xs∂ B BfpsS Ign-hn-\-∏pdw A√mlp imkn-
°p-∂-X-√.' (É¡©°Sh ’EG É°ùØf ¬∏dG ∞∏µj ’) F∂v A√mlp Ak-∂n-Kv[-ambn {]kvXm-
hn-®n-´p-≠v-Xm-\pw. AXp-sIm-≠vX-s∂-bmWv \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®-
bvXn-cn-°p-∂Xpw:¬«∏Y ≥Øàe - √ƒÑæàLÉa ¬æY ºµà«¡f Éeh ºà©£à°SG Ée ¬æe GƒJÉa ôeCÉH ºµJôeCG GPEG (\n-ß-
tfmSv Rm≥ h√ Imcyhpw I¬∏n-®m¬ \nßƒ AXn¬ \nßƒ°v km[n-°p-
∂{X sIm≠p-h-cp-hn≥. \nß-tfmSv Rm≥ F¥v hntcm-[n-®pthm AXv \nßƒ
h¿÷n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. (_p; ap.) Iev]n-®Xv apgp-h≥ sNøm≥ Nne-
t∏mƒ Ign-™n-s√∂v hcmw. F∂m¬ hntcm-[n-®Xv hn´p-I-f-bp-hm≥ km[n-
°msX hcn-I-bn-√-t√m. AXp-sIm-≠mWv hntcm-[n-®Xv A∏Sn h¿÷n-°p-I-
Xs∂ thW-sa∂v Xncp-ta\n I¬∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
!17! A√m-lp-hn\v \nßƒ \√-

Xmb ISw- s Im- S p- ° p∂ ]£w,
Ah≥ \nßƒ°v AXv Cc-ń-bm-
°n- Ø - c p- ∂ - X mWv; \nßƒ°v
s]mdp- Ø p- X - c p- I bpw sNøpw.
A√mlp hfsc \µn-bp-≈-h-\pw,
kl-\-io-e-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
18! (A-h≥) AZr-iy-sØ-bpw,

Zriy-sØbpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv;
{]Xm-]-im-en-bmWv; AKm-[-⁄-
\mWv!
5002
!17! \nßƒ ISw sImSp-°p-∂-]£w A√m-lp-hn\v
\√-Xmb ISw AXns\ Ah≥ \nßƒ°v Cc-ń-bm-°n-Øcpw
\nßƒ°-h≥ s]mdp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw A√mlp hfsc
\µn-bp-≈-h-\mWv kl-\-io-e-\mWv !18! AZr-iysØ Adn-
bp-∂-h-\mWv ZriysØ (]-c-ky-am-b-Xn-s\)bpw {]Xm-]-im-en-
bmWv AKm-[-⁄-\m-Wv, bp‡n-am-\mWv
A√m-lp-hn\v \√ hn[-Øn¬ ISw sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: lZoZn¬

hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Hm¿an-°p-I. \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:
¬«∏Y ≥Øàe -Ë~Y ’h Ωƒ∏X ÒZ ¢Vô≤j øe ∫ƒ≤j ¤É©J ¬∏dG ¿EG"A{Iaw sNøp-∂-ht\m ssIh-e-
™-ht\m H∂p-a-√m-Ø-h\v ISw-sImSp°p-∂-h¿ Bcp≠v F∂mWv A√mlp
]d-bp-∂X'F∂v kmcw.
áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
5003
5004
`mKw 28 ¥Ó£dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 65 AØzemIzv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¥Ó£dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
65. kqdØpØzemIzv
]caImcpWnI\pw,
IcpWm\n[nbpamb A√mlphns‚
\maØn¬.
1! tl, \_ntb
\nßƒ kv{XoIsf [`mcy-amsc]

hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬,
Ah- c psS "C±x' [ImØn- c n- ∏ m≥
\n¿t±in°- s ∏´] ka- b - t Ø°v
Ahsc tamN\w sNøp- h n≥;
"C±x'sb \nßƒ (F-Æn) IW-°m-
°p- I bpw sNø- W w. \nß- f psS
c£n- X m- h mb A√m- l p- h ns\
kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥.
Ah-cpsS hoSp-I-fn¬\n∂v \nß-

f-hsc ]pd-Øm-°-cpXv; Ah¿ ]pd-
Øp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNø-cpXv; -˛{]-Xy-
£- Ø n- e p- ≈ - X mb h√ \oN- h r-
Ønbpw Ah¿ sIm≠ph-cp-∂X - m-bm-
e-√msX, [At∏mƒ ]pd-Øm-°m-hp-
∂-Xm-Wv.] AXv (F√mw) A√m-lp-
hns‚ \nb-am-Xn¿Øn-I-fm-Ip-∂p.
5005
A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-am-Xn¿Øn-
Isf B¿ hn´p IS-°p-∂p-thm,
Xo¿®- b mbpw Ah≥ Xt∂m- S p-
Xs∂ A{Iaw {]hr-Øn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.
\n\-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm˛ AXn-\p-
tijw A√mlp h√- I m- c yhpw
]pØ-\m-bp-≠m-°n-tb-°mw.
1! tl \_ntb \nßƒ "XzemIzv'(hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w)

sNbvXm¬ kv{XoIsf F∂m-eh
- sc tamN\w sNøp-hn≥
Ah-cpsS C±x-bn-te°v (X-°-h-Æw), C±x-k-a-b-tØ°v \nßƒ IW-
°m-°pI (¢n-]vX-s∏-Sp-Øp-I)bpw sNøp-hn≥ C±xsb A√m-lp-
hns\ kq£n-°bpw sNøp-hn≥ \nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hmb
Ahsc \nßƒ ]pd- Ø m- ° - c pXv Ah- c psS hoSp- I - f n¬\n∂v
Ah¿ ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ibpw AcpXv Ah¿ h∂m-e-√msX
(sN-øm-sX) h√ \oN-hr-Øn-bp-ambn, hj-f-hr-Ønsb hy‡-am-
°p-∂, {]Xy-£-Øn-ep-≈-Xmb AXv, Ah A√m-lp-hns‚ (\n-
b-a-ß-fm-Ip-∂) AXn¿-Øn-I-fmWv B¿ hn´p-I-S-°p-∂pthm
A√m-lp-hns‚ AXn¿-Øn-Isf F∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ A{Iaw
sNbvXp Xt∂m-Sv, Xs‚ Bflm-hns\ \o Adn-bp-I-bn-√, AXn-
∂-dn-™p-IqS A√mlp Btb°mw D≠m-°p-I, ]pXp-Xmbn
sIm≠p-hcpw AXn-\p-tijw h√ Imcyhpw
hnhm-l-tam-N\ hnj-b-I-ambn apkvenw kap-Zmbw A\p-jvTn-t°-≠p∂
]e \nb-aß - fpw \_n Xncp-ta\n sb kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v A√mlp ˜
Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p. hnhm-l-tam-N\w (XzemIzv) aqetam at‰m
hnhm-l-_‘w th¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ B kv{Xo K¿`-h-XnbmtWm At√ F∂-
dn-bp-I, hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNbvXp Ign-™-tijw AXn-s\-∏‰n tJZn-°p-I-
bpw, ]gb _‘-Øn-te°v aS-ßp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v
AXn\v Ah-kcw \¬IpI apX-em-b Bh-iy-ßsf ap≥\n-dpØn hnhm-l-
tam-N\w sNø-s∏´ kv{XoIƒ Ipd-®p-Imew \n¿_-‘-ambn ImØn-cn-t°-≠-
Xp-≠v. C°m-e-Øn\v "C±x'( Iq~©dG) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. C±xsb kw_-‘n®n-
S-tØmfw kv{XoIƒ ]e Xc-°m-cp-≠v.
5006
1. `¿Ømhns‚ acWw sIm≠v th¿s]-´-hƒ. Ch-fpsS C±x-Imew
\mev amkhpw ]Øv Znh-k-hp-am-Ip-∂p. (2 : 234.)
2. `¿Øm-hp-ambn kv]¿i-\-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ XzemIzv

sNø-s∏-´-hƒ. Chƒ C±x BN-cn-t°-≠-Xn-√. (33; 49.)
3. K¿`-ap-s≠∂v Adn-b-s∏-´-hƒ.
4. B¿Ø-h-c‡w D≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°p-I-tbm, D≠m-b-tijw AXv

\ne®p t]mIp-Itbm sNbvX-h¿. Cu c≠v Iq´-cpsS C±x-sb-°p-dn®pw Xmsg
hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu \mev Iq´-cp-sSbpw C±x-Im-e-ß-fn¬
G‰-°p-dhv hcp∂ {]iv\-an-√.
5. B¿Ø-hhpw B¿Ø-h-ip-≤nbpw D≠m-Im-dp-≈-hƒ. Ch-fpsS C±x

aq∂v B¿Ø-h-ip≤n Ign-bp∂ Ime-am-Wv. (2 : 228.) Cß-s\-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-
°p-at√m hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂ kv{XoI-fn¬ A[n-I-`m-K-hpw. Cu
hIp-∏n¬s]-´-h-cpsS C±x-Imew Gdnbpw Ipd™pw hcm≥ km[y-X-bp-≈-Xp-
sIm-≠v˛ AXn¬ ssZ¿Lyw hcm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n˛ A√mlp \n›-bn®
Hcp \nb-a-amWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ BZy-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv.
AXm-bXv: kv{XobpsS B¿Øhw Ign™v ip≤n-bm-hp-I-bpw, B

ip≤n-Im-eØv `¿Øm-hns‚ kv]¿i\w D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-
k-c-Ønte XzemIzv \S-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈q. CXmWv C±x ka-b-tØ-°m-bn-cn-
°Ww XzemIzv (ø¡J~©d øgƒ≤∏W) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. Cßs\ sNøp-
∂-]-£w, XzemIzv \S∂ B ip≤n-Imew Hsc-Æ-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v ]n∂oSv c≠v B¿Øhw Ign™p aq∂m-asØ ip≤n-bn¬ {]th-
in-°p-∂t- Xm-sS, Ah-fpsS C±x Ah-km-\n-°p-∂X
- m-Wv. t\sc adn®v B¿Øh
Ime-ØmWv XzemIzv \S-∂-sX-¶n¬ C±x-Imew Zo¿Ln-°p-a-t√m. F\n ip≤n
Im-eØv Xs∂-bm-sW-¶nepw A°m-eØv `¿Øm-hns‚ kv]¿i-\-hp-ap-≠m-
bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXp-aqew Ahƒ K¿`-h-Xn-bm-Ip-hm-\pw, Aß-s\, C±x-Imew
Zo¿Ln-°p-hm\pw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-a-t√m.
_pJm-cn-, apkvenw (d) XpSßnb lZo-Yv-]-WvUn-X≥am¿ D≤-cn® Hcp

lZo-Yn¬ C{]-Imcw h∂n-cn-°p∂p; "A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Da¿ (d) Xs‚ `mcysb
hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNbvXp. B kv{Xo°v At∏mƒ B¿Ø-h-Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.
˜
Cu hnhcw Da¿ (d) \_n Xncp-ta\n sb Adn-bn-®p. Ahn-Sp∂v tZjy-s∏-´p-
sIm≠v C{]-Imcw ]d™p: "Ah≥ Ahsf aS-°n-sb-Sp-°s´; F∂n´v
Ahƒ°v ip≤n-bp-≠m-Ip-Ibpw, ]ns∂ B¿Ø-ha - p-≠m-Ip-Ib
- pw, ]ns∂ ip≤n-
5007
bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp-hsc Ahsf sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-s´, F∂n´v Ahsf
XzemIzv sNø-W-sa∂v Ah\v tXm∂p-∂-]£w (B ip≤n-Im-e-Øv) Ahsf
kv]¿in-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Ah≥ XzemIzv \S-Øn-s°m≈s´'. CXm-Wv, C±x
ka-b-tØ°v XzemIzv \SØ-W-sa∂v A√mlp I¬]n-®n-´p≈ B Imew.
Cu lZo-Yn¬ \n∂v ta¬ hnh-cn-®Xv IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-W-t√m.
Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øn-s‚bpw, \_n-h-N-\-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ ]WvUn-X≥am¿ XzemIzns\ aq∂mbn `mKn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
(1) kp∂-Øn-t\mSv tbmPn-°p∂ icn-bmb XzemIzv (áæo°S ¥ÓW).

kwtbmKw \S-∂n-ń-√mØ ip≤n-Im-e-Øp-≠m-Ip∂ Xzem-Izpw, {]Xy-£-Øn¬
K¿`-h-Xn-bm-b-h-fpsS XzemIzpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.
(2) kp∂-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb XzemIzv( áY~H ¥ÓW) K¿`-h-Xn-bmbn Adn-b-

s∏-SmØ kv{Xosb Ah-fpsS B¿Ø-h-Im-e-tØm, kwtbmKw \S-∂n-´p≈
ip≤n-Im-etØm \S-Øp∂ XzemIzv.
(3) c≠p-a√
- m-ØX
- v, CXn¬ ]eXpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. hni-Zh
- n-hcw ^nIzvlv
{KŸ-ß-fn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
C±x Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]‰nb ka-b-Øm-bn-cn-°Ww XzemIzv \S-

Øp-∂-sX∂v I¬]n-®-ti-jw, C±xsb icn-bmbn FÆn-°-W-°m-°p-Ibpw
thWw (I~©dG Gƒ°üMG) F∂vIqSn A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂p. XpS-°hpw Ah-km-
\hpw icn°v IW-°m-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-]-£w, AXp-aqew ]e Ipg-∏-ßfpw hg-
°p-Ifpw D≠m-Ip-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv C°mcyw {]tXyIw
FSpØv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]gb hnhm-l-_-‘-Øn-te°v Xs∂ aS°n-sb-
Sp-°¬, ]pXnb hnhm-l-Imcyw Btem-Nn-°¬, C±x-Im-esØ `£-W-®n-ehpw
Xmak kuI-cyhpw \¬I¬ apX-em-b-sX√mw B ImesØ B{i-bn®p Xocp-
am-\n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠-t√m. C±x Ime-Øns‚ \n¿Wb-Øn¬ X¿°w hcp-
tºmƒ CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw hg°pw h°m-Whpw \S-°m-dp-≈Xv
km[m-c-W-amWv ºµHQ ¬∏dG Gƒ≤JGh (\n-ß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-
°p-Ibpw thWw) F∂ hmIyw C°m-cy-Øns‚ Kuc-h-sØ-bpw, IWn-i-X-
sbbpw Ipdn-°p-∂p.
\ΩpsS \mSpI-fn¬ apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Xosc hnkva-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂X - pw, AtX ka-bØv A√mlp i‡hpw hy‡-hp-amb `mj-bn¬ imkn-
®n-´p-≈-Xp-amb Hcp \nb-a-amWv as‰m-∂v. AsX, "Ahsc Ah-cpsS hoSp-I-
fn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°-cp-Xv, Ah¿ ]pdØv t]mIp-Ibpw AcpXv(ïdG øgƒLôîJ ’)'.
5008
hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏´ kv{Xo AXp-hsc Xma-kn-®n-cp∂ hoń¬\n-∂v˛
`¿Øm-hns‚ hI hoń¬\n-∂v˛ Ahsf Cd°n Ab-°p-hm-\pw, Ahƒ°v
Cd-ßn-t∏m-Ip-hm\pw ]mSn-s√-∂p-≈-Xn¬ B¿°pw X¿°-an-√. F∂m¬, Ccp-
Iq-´-cp-sSbpw h√ KpW-sØbpw ap≥\n-dpØn c≠p-Iq-´-cpw˛ `mcybpw `¿Øm-
hpw˛ tbmPn®v CjvS-s∏-´m¬t]mepw Ahƒ°v amdn-Øm-a-kn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√-
∂mWv Hcp ]£w ]WvUn-X≥am-cpsS A`n-{]m-bw.
áæ«Ñe á°ûMÉØH ÚJÉj ¿CG ’EG (A-h¿ hy‡-amb h√ \oN-hr-Ønbpw sIm≠p-h-

∂m-e√ - msX ) F∂ hmIyw t\m°p-tºmƒ Cu A`n-{]m-bØ - n-\mWv ]n≥_ew
ImWp-∂-Xpw, º∏YG ¬q∏dG hmkvX-h-Øn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu \nbaw AX¿ln-
°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ \S-∏n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, C∂v
\S-°p∂ hnhm-l-tam-N-\-ß-fn¬ A[n-I-`m-Khpw Xmt\ Zp¿∫-e-s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-
am-bn-cp-∂p. Imc-Ww, hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏-´-tijw C±x Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc
˛G-sd-°psd aq∂p-am-k-°m-ew˛ B kv{Xo `¿Øm-hns‚ hoń¬Xs∂ Ign-
™p-Iq-Sp-tºmƒ hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øn\v CS-bm-°nb AkpJw {ItaW Xo¿∂p-
t]m-Ip-hm-\pw, c≠p-t]¿°p-an-S-bn¬ ]g-b-_‘w XpS-cp-hm-\p≈ B{Klw
P\n-°p-hm-\pw, Aßs\ C±x-Imew Ign-bp-tºm-tg°pw Ah≥ Ahsf aS°n
FSp-°p-hm\pw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. a\p-jy-a-\- n-s\-°p-dn®v a\p-jy-s\-
°mƒ Adn-bm-hp∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu \nbaw F{X-I≠v bp‡n-a-Ømb
H∂m-sW∂v Btem-Nn®v t\m°pI! ]t£, apkvenwIƒ AXv Ah-K-Wn-®p-
I-f-™p. Iq´-Øn¬, C±x-bn-en-cn-°p∂ kv{XoIƒ°v Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-
s≠∂ \nb-ahpw hnkva-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CXn-s‚-sb√mw Xn‡-êw
kap-Zmbw A\p`-hn®pw hcp-∂p. \n m-c-Im-cy-sØ-s®m√n hnhm-l-tam-N\w
\S-°pw, AtXm-sS˛ As√-¶n¬ AXn\v apºp-Xs - ∂˛ Ahƒ hoń¬\n∂v _ln-
jvI-cn-°-s∏-Spw. As√-¶n¬ Ahƒ kzbw Cd-ßn-t∏m-Ipw. A\-¥cw Iptd
\mfp-I-tfmfw ]c-kv]cw B sshc-a-\x-ÿnXn \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
AXn-\n-S°v C±x-bpsS Ah-[nbpw Ah-km-\n-°pw. Aß-s\, aS-°n-sb-Sp-°m-
\p≈ Ah-kcw \jvSs∏-´p-t]m-Ip-∂p. ]n∂o-SmWv `hn-jy-Øp-Is - f-∏‰n Btem-
N\ hcp-∂-Xpw, Atøm AXv th≠n-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v A\p`-h-ßƒ sXfn-bn-
°p-∂-Xpw. CsXm∂pw tIhew k¶¬]-a-√, \ntXy\ kap-Zmbw A\p`-hn®p
sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
hy‡-amb h√ \oN-hr-Ønbpw sNbvXm-e-√msX hnhm-l-tam-N\w

sNø-s∏´ kv{XoIƒ hoń¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°s - ∏-Sp-hm-t\m, ]pd-Øp-t]m-hmt\m
]mSn-s√∂v ]d-™-Xn¬\n-∂v, Aßs\ h√ \oN-hr-Ønbpw Ah-cn¬\n∂v
shfn-s∏-´m¬ AXp-ap-X¬ Ahsc ]pd-Øm-°m-sa∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. "hy‡-
amb \oN-hrØn' (áæ«Ñe á°ûMÉa)-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv hy`n-Nm-c-am-sW-
∂mWv Hc-`n-{]m-bw. kZm-Nm-c-hn-cp-≤-amb hy`n-Nm-cw, Ifhv apX-em-b-hbpw
5009
Ft∏mgpw hg°pw h°m-Whpw D≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°¬ apX-em-b-hbpw
CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-∂mWv ]e ]WvUn-X≥amcpsSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. GXm-bm-
epw, kln-°m-h-X-√mØ \oN-hr-Øn-I-sfm∂pw sNøm-Ø-Im-e-tØmfw hnhm-
l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏´ kv{Xo Ahƒ hkn-®n-cp∂ ]m¿∏nSw hn´p-t]m-bn-°q-Sm-
Ø-Xm-Wv. ]m¿∏nSw am{Xw t]mcm. Ahƒ°v `£-W-Øn-\p≈ hI-Iq-Sn-sIm-
Sp-t°-≠Xpw D≠v. CXn-s\-∏‰n Xmsg {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂X
- m-Wv. At∏mƒ, Imcyw
F{X Kuc-h-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂v Btem-Nn®v t\m°p-I. t]mcm, CsX√mw A√m-
lp-hns‚ \nb-am-Xn¿Øn-I-fm-sW-∂pw, Ahsb ewLn-°p-∂-h¿ Xß-tfm-Sp-
X-s∂-bmWv A\oXn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂s - X-∂p-IqSn A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p!
Cu Xm°o- X p- s Im≠pw A√mlp aXn- b m- ° n- b n- ´ n- √ . tl, a\pjym,

X¬°mew \o hnhm-ltam-N\ - a
- ßv \S-Øn-sb-¶n-epw, ]n∂oSv Fs¥√mw Imcy-
ß-fmWv \S-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, A√mlp Fs¥√mw ]pXnb am‰-ß-fmWv
kw`hn-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv Fs∂m∂pw \n\-°d - n-™p-Iq-St- √m. Hcp ]t£,
\o kzbw Xs∂ tNmZn-t®-°pw, As√-¶n¬ `mhn-bn¬ \nßƒ XΩn¬ ]q¿∆m-
[nIw kvt\l-Øn¬ Ign-™p-Iq-Sm≥ Ah-kc - a
- p-≠m-tb-°pw, Aßs\ ]eXpw
kw`-hn-t®-°mw. (*) AXp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-am-Xn¿Øn hn´p-I-S-
°msX AXns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ HXp-ßn-\n¬°p-I-bmWv \n\°v \√-Xv. Fs∂m-
s°-bmWv A√mlp Bb-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-hm-Iy-Øn¬ DW¿Øp-∂-Xv.
(ïdG ¬∏dG qπ©d …Q~J ’) \nb-a-]-c-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ aX-Øn¬ A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´
H∂mWv XzemIzv. F¶nepw A√m-lp-hn\v H´pw CjvS-an-√m-Ø-XmWv AsX∂v
Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ h∂n-´p-ap-≠v. (Zm.) XzemIzv \S-∂m¬Xs∂ ho≠pw
aS°n FSp-°p-hm-\p≈ t{]m’m-l-\-ßfpw Ah-k-c-ßfpw CXn\v ]pd-sa-
bpw. CsX√mw apkvenwIƒ hfsc Kuc-h-]q¿∆w Nn¥n-t°≠ hnj-b-ß-fm-
Ip-∂p. ≥aƒŸG ¬∏dGh
!2! Aß-s\, Ah-¿ [B kv{Xo-
Iƒ] Ah-cpsS Ah-[n-°seØp-
tºmƒ, \nßƒ Ah-sc (k-Zm-Nm-
c) acym-Z-{]-Imcw sh®p-sIm-≈p-I-
tbm, As√-¶n¬ (k-Zm-Nm-c) acym-
Z- { ]- I mcw Ah- c p- a mbn ]ncn- b p-
Itbm sNøp-I.
(*) hnhm-l-tam-N\w \¬I-s∏-´-hƒ `¿Ømhns‚ hoń¬ Xma-kn-°p-
hm≥ I¬]n-®-Xn-e-S-ßnb XXzw C∏-d-™-Xm-sW∂ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv
`¿Ømhv ac-W-s∏-´-h-fp-sSbpw, aS-°n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-hn-[-Øn¬
XzemIzv sNøs∏´h-fp-sSbpw C±x-Im-e-Øn\v CXv _m[-I-a-s√∂v Camw
AlvaZv (d) apX-em-b-h¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
5010
\nß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ c≠v \oXn-
am≥amsc km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw,
A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n km£yw (i-
cn-°pw) \ne-\n-dp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-
I. A√m- l p- h n- e pw, A¥y- Z n- \ -
Ønepw hniz-kn-®p-h-cp-∂-h¿°v
D]- t Ziw \¬I- s ∏- S p- ∂ - X mWv
CsXm-s°.
B¿ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-
∂pthm Ah\v Ah≥ Hcp
t]mwhgn G¿s∏- S p- Ø n- s °m-
Sp°pw;˛
3! (am-{X-a√
- .) Ah≥ IW-°m-
°m-Øh - n-[Ø
- n-eqsS Ah\v D]-Po-
h\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
B¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ (Im-cy-
ß-sf-√mw) `c-ta¬]n-°p-∂pthm
Ah\v Ah≥ (X-s∂) aXn-bm-Ipw.
\n›-b-am-bpw, A√mlp Xs‚
(D-±njvS) Imcyw {]m]n-°p-∂-h-\m-
Wv. F√m (Hmtcm) Imcy-Øn\pw
A√mlp Hcp \n¿Wbw [hyhÿ]
G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
2! Aßs\ Ah¿ FØp-tºmƒ, FØn-bm¬ AhcpsS

Ah-[n-°¬ F∂m-e-hscsh®psIm≠n-cn-°p-I, \ndp-Øn-sh-°pI
kZm-Nm-c-{]-Im-cw, \√ acym-Z°v As√-¶n¬ Ah-cp-ambn
th¿]n-cn-bpI acym-Z-{]-Im-cw, kZm-Nm-c-a-\p-k-cn®v \nß-ƒ
km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI c≠v \oXn-am≥am-sc, acym-Z-°msc
\nß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ \nßƒ \ne-\n-dp-ØpI (\n¿∆-ln-°p-I)bpw
sNøp- h n≥ km£ysØ A√m- l p- h n- \ p- t h≠n AXv ,
AsXms° AXv aptJ\ D]-tZ-in-°s
- ∏-Sp∂p hniz-kn®p
5011
hcp-∂-h-tcmSv A√m-lp-hn¬ A¥y-Zn-\-Ønepw B¿
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ Ah\v B°pw, G¿s∏-
SpØpw t]mwhgn (c-£m-am¿Kw) !3! Ah\v (D-]-Po-h-\w˛ Blm-
cw) \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw hn[-Øn¬IqSn Ah≥ IW-°m-
°m-Ø, hnNm-cn-°mØ B¿ `c-ta¬]n-°p-∂p-thm, A√m-lp-
hn-s‚-ta¬ F∂m¬ Ah≥ Ah\p a- Xn \n›-ba - m-bpw A√mlp
{]m]n-°p∂(F-Øn-t®-cp-∂)h\mWv Xs‚ Imcyw, Imcy-Øn¬
A√mlp B°n (G¿s∏-Sp-Øn)-bn-´p≠v F√m Imcy-Øn-
\pw, hkvXp-hn\pw (kw-KX
- n-°pw) Hcp \n¿W-bw, IW-°v, tXmXv, hyhÿ
XzemIzv \S-°p-∂Xv C±x Bcw`n-°p-hm≥ ]‰nb Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Bbn-cn-
°-W-sa∂v Ign™ hN-\Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-t√m. C±x-Im-eØv Ft∏mƒ
thW-sa-¶nepw Ah\v Ahsf aS-°n-sb-Sp-°mw. Aßs\ sNbvXn-ń-s√-¶n¬,
C±x-bpsS Imem-h[n Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-tXmsS Ah≥ c≠n-sem∂v Xocp-am-\n-
°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah\v \nhr-Øn-bn-√. H∂p-In¬, Ahsf sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°pI F∂v Xocp-am-\n-°W - w. AYhm XzemIzv \S-∏n-em-°p-∂X - n¬\n∂v ]n≥h-
en™p Ahsf ]gb hnhm-l-_-‘-Øn-te°v aS-°n-sb-Sp-°-Ww. A√mØ]-
£w, Ahsf ]ncn-®p-hn-S-Ww. AYhm XzemIzv \S-∏n¬ hcp-ØWw. c≠n¬
GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, AXv kZm-Nm-c-a-cym-Z-b-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°-Ww. D]-{Z-
h-I-c-tam, Zpcp-t±-iy-]q¿∆tam Bbn-cn-°-cp-Xv. Ccp-Iq-´-cp-sSbpw \∑bpw kuI-
cyhpw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂¿∞w. XzemIzv ÿnc-s∏-
Sp-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n-epw, aS-°n-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw AXn\v acym-Z-°m-cmb
c≠v apkvenwIsf km£n-\n-dp-Øp-Ibpw sNtø≠Xp-≠v. ]n∂oSv X¿°tam
hgt°m D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw, D≠m-tb-°p-∂-]£w kXyw sXfn-bn-°p-
hm\pw AXv D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-∂p. aS-°n-sb-Sp-°p-tºmƒ km£n-bpsS Bh-iy-
IX XzemIzns\ At]-£n®v IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-°pw. Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ
km£n-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Hm¿Øv Xß-fpsS km£yw bYm-hn[n \nd-th-
‰epw \n¿_-‘-am-Ip-∂p. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp I¬]n-
°p-∂-Xv.
CX-c-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf-t∏m-se, Hcp hnjbw BZyw-sXm´v Ah-km\w hsc
hnh-cn-°p∂ ]Xn-h√ Izp¿-B-\n-ep-≈-Xv. \nb-a-ßfpw I¬]-\-Ifpw hnh-cn-
°p-∂X- n-\n-Sb
- n¬ Xs∂ D]-tZ-iß
- fpw XXz-ßf
- pw, t{]m’m-l\ - ß
- f- pw, Xm°o-
Xp-Ifpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°pw. Izp¿-Bs‚ {]Xn-]m-Z-\-co-Xn-sb-∏‰n hnh-cn® Iq´-
Øn¬ apJ-hp-c-bn¬ Cu kwKXn \mw hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. 1 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚
Ah-km-\-Øn¬, CsX√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ \nbamXn¿Øn-I-fm-sW-∂pw,
5012
Ahsb AXn-ew-Ln-°p-∂-h¿ Xß-tfm-Sp-Xs∂ A{Iaw sNbvI-bm-sW∂pw
{]kvXm-hn-®p. `mhn-bn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xta
Adn-bp-Ib
- p-≈q, AXp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ \nb-am-Xn¿Øn-Iƒ ]men-°p-∂X - n-emWv
a\p-jys‚ \∑ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv F∂v Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu hN-
\-Øn-em-I-s´, Xzem-Izns\ kw_-‘n® I¬]-\-I-sf-Øp-S¿∂p-sIm≠v
CsX√mw A√m-lp-hnepw A¥y-Zn-\-Ønepw hniz-kn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-
tfm-Sp≈ D]-tZ-i-ß-fmWv F∂ Hcp apJ-hp-ctbmSpIqSn hfsc {][m-\-amb
]e bmYm¿∞y-ßfpw Ahsc Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ am{Xta
Cß-s\-bp≈ \nb-aß - ƒ ]men-°p-Ibpw hne-sh-°p-Ib
- p-ap-≈q, Ahsb A\p-
k-cn-°m-sXbpw hne-sh-°m-sXbpw Ccn-°p-∂-h¿˛ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Ah¿
apkvenwI-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn˛ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿ A√m-lp-hnepw A¥y-
Zn-\-Ønepw hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv B apJ-hp-c-bn-
e-S-ßnb kqN-\-Iƒ.
Cu apJ-hp-c-°p-ti-jw, H∂m-a-Xmbn "XIzvhsb'∏‰n ˛A-Yhm A√m-

lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Isf A\p-k-cn-°p-I-hgn Ahs\ kq£n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-
∏-d-dn˛ bmWv DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah-
cpsS {]iv\-ßƒ°v t]mwh-gn-bpw, hnj-a-ßƒ°v c£m-am¿Khpw Ah≥ D≠m-
°n-s°m-Sp-°p-sa-∂pw, Ah¿ hnNm-cn-°m-Ø-hn-[-Øn-eqsS D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw
\¬Ipsa-∂p-amWv AXns‚ Npcp-°w. XzemIzv kw_-‘a - mb Imcy-ßsf hnh-
cn-°p∂ as≤y-bmWv ChnsS C°mcyw DW¿Øn-bn-´p-≈-sX-¶n-epw, Ah-b-
S°w Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m hi-ßsfbpw _m[n-°p∂ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Isf
kq£n-®p-t]m-c-emWv XIzvhm sIm≠v hnh-£. At∏mƒ a\p-jys‚ sFln-
Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb F√m \∑-Iƒ°pw F√m-hn[ c£°pw \nZm\w Cu
kq£va-X-bm-Ip∂ XIzvhmX-s∂. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ASn-°Sn XIzvhm A\p-
jvTn-°p-∂-h¿°v A√mlp Ah-cpsS Imcy-ß-fn¬ kuIcyw G¿s∏-Sp-
Øns°mSp°p-sa∂pw, 5 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Ah¿°v ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-
Sp-°p-I-bpw, hºn® {]Xn-êw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv.
-A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ Imcy-ßsf `c-ta¬]n-°p-∂-h¿°v A√m-lp-Xs∂

aXn F∂mWv ASp-Ø hmIy-Øn¬ DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. CXn-\p≈ Imc-Whpw
AtXm-sSm∏w A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlp Dt±-in® Imcyw
Ah≥ {]m]n-°pw. AXn\v bmsXmcp XS- tam hnLv\tam t\cn-Sp-I-bn-√.
AXn¬ Bcpw Ahs\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-an-√. Hmtcmtcm Imcy-Øn-\pw˛
AXv C∂n-∂{- ]-Imcw C∂n-∂t- ]mse Fs∂ms° Ah≥ hyh-ÿbpw \n¿W-
bhpw \n›-bn-®n-´p-≠v. AXv AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ kw`hn-°pw. Aßs\
am{Xta kw`hn-°p-I-bp-ap-≈q. CXn-sem∂pw a‰m-cpsSbpw ssII-S-Ø-ent\m
Dt±-iy-Ønt\m bmsXmcp ]gp-Xp-an-√. F∂n-cn-s°, Ah-\n¬ Imcy-ß-f¿∏n-
5013
°p∂ Ahs‚ ASn-bms‚ Imcy-ßƒ th≠-Xn≥hÆw icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-
°p-hm≥ Ah≥Xs∂ t]mtc?! (√~ÑY ±ÉµH ¬∏dG ¢ù«dCG) Xo¿®-bmbpw aXn!
\_n˜ Hcn-°¬ C_v\p A∫mkv (d)∂v \¬Inb Nne D]-tZ-i-
ßƒ \ap°v ChnsS Hm¿an-°mw. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p:"Ipó, \n\°v Rm≥
Nne hm°p-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-®p-Xcmw: "\o A√m-lp-hns\ ImØp-kq-£n-®p-sIm-≈p-
I, Ah≥ \ns∂bpw ImØp-kq-£n-°pw. \o A√m-lp-hns\ ImØp-kq-£n-
°p-I, Ahs\ \ns‚ apºn¬ \n\°v Is≠Ømw. \o (h-√-Xpw) Bh-iy-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xm-bm¬, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I. \o klm-b-a`y¿∞n-°p-∂-
Xm-bm¬, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv klm-b-a¿∞n-°p-I. \o Adn-bWw: \n\°v D]-
Imcw sNøm≥ th≠n kap-Zm-b-ßƒ F√mw Hcp-an-®p-tN¿∂m-epw, A√mlp
\n\°v \n›-bn-®p-sh-®-X-√mØ bmsXm-∂p-sIm≠pw Ah¿ \n\°v D]-Imcw
sNbvI-bn-√. \n\°v D]-{Zhw sNøm≥ Ah-sc√mw Hcp-an-®p-tN¿∂m-epw,
A√mlp \ns‚ t]cn¬ \n›-bn-®X - √- mØ bmsXm-∂p-sIm-≠pw, Ah¿ \n\°v
D]-{Zhw sNbvI-bn-√. t]\-Iƒ Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, (*) GSp-Iƒ (a-jn) h‰p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p'. (A; Xn.)
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n®p Pohn-°p-∂h - ¿°v (XIzvhm A\pjvTn°p-∂h- ¿°v)

Ah¿ hnNm-cn-°mØ hn[-Øn-eqsS D]-Po-h\w e`n-°p-sa-∂pw, A√m-lp-hn-
s‚-ta¬ `c-ta¬]n-°p-∂-h¿°v (X-h-°p¬ sNøp-∂-h¿°v) Ah≥Xs∂ aXn
F∂pw ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, a\p-jy≥ H∂pw {]h¿Øn-°msX NpΩm
Ccp-∂mepw Ah≥ Dt±-in-®Xpw C—n-®-Xp-sa√mw Aßv km[n-°p-sa-∂-√.
A¬]w Xt‚-Shpw A¬]w kXy-hn-izm-k-hp-ap≈ Bcpw Aßs\ [cn-°p-
I-bp-an-√. Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw bp‡n-hm-Zn-Ifpw s]mXp-P-\-ßsf aX-hn-izm-k-
Øn¬ \n∂v AI-‰n-°-f-bp-hm≥th≠n I¬]n-®p-Iq-ń s]m°n-°m-´m-dp≈ Hcp
kwibw am{X-am-W-Xv. a\p-jy-t\mSv Hmtcm Xpd-bnepw sNøm≥ I¬]n-®Xv
Ahs‚ ]c-am-h[n Ign-hp-]-tbm-Kn®v Ah≥ \n¿∆-ln-°-Ww. At∏mƒ, AXn-
eqsS Ah≥ \n\-°mØ \∑-Iƒ Ah\v e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw, Ah≥
Duln-°mØ cq]-Øn¬ Ah-\n¬ \n∂v Xn≥a-Iƒ Xń-\o-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
Ibpw, Ahs‚ Ign-hn-\-∏p-d-ap≈ Imcy-ßƒ Ah\v \nhr-Øn-bm-bn-s°m-≠n-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Aß-s\, Cl-Øn¬ Ah\v a\- -am-[m-\-hpw, ]c-Øn¬
imizX kpJhpw A√mlp Ah\v ssIh-cpØpw F∂s{X Npcp-°w. [mcmfw
Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw \_n-hm-Iy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Adn-b-s∏-´-XmWv
(*) \S-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßs

- f√mw A√mlp Xocp-am-\n-®p-Ig- n-™n-
cn-°p∂p F∂v kmcw. "IzZzm˛IzZvdn's\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ bp‡n-hm-Z-°m¿
CXp-t]m-ep≈ lZo-Yp-I-sf-sb√mw X≈n-°-f-bpI ]Xn-hm-Wv. CXn-s\-∏‰n
kq: lZo-Zn\v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≈Xv Hm¿°p-
I.
5014
Cu hmkvX-hw. kµ¿`w-t]mse ]e-t∏mgpw \maXv Nq≠n-°m-´m-dp-ap-≠v.
A√mlp XpS¿∂v ]d-bp∂p:˛
! 4! \nß- f psS kv{XoI-

fn¬\n∂v B¿Ø-hsØ kw_-
‘n®v \ncm- i - s ∏- ´ - h - c m- I - s ´,˛
\nßƒ kwi-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n-
¬˛ Ah-cpsS "C±x' aq∂p-am-k-am-
Ip∂p:- ˛B¿Ø-ha - p-≠m-bn-ń-√m-Ø-
hcptSXpw (A-ß-s\)-X-s∂.
K¿`-h-Xn-I-fmb kv{XoI-fm-I-
s´, Ah-cpsS Ah[n Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS K¿`w {]k-hn-°e- m-Wv. A√m-
lp-hns\ B¿ kq£n-°p-∂pthm
Ah\v Xs‚ Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®v
Ah≥ Ffp∏w [kuI-cyw] D≠m-
°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
5! AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-

\- b m- I p∂p; Ah≥ AXv
\nßƒ°v Cd-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-I-
bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns\ B¿ kq£n-
°p-∂pthm Ah\v Xs‚ Xn∑-Isf
Ah≥ (am-∏m-°n) ad-®p-sh-®p-sIm-
Sp- ° p- I - b pw, Ah\v {]Xn- ^ ew
hºn-®-Xm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
4! bmsXmcp kv{XoIƒ \ncm-i-s∏´ B¿Ø-hsØ

kw_-‘n®v \nß-fpsS kv{XoI-fn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ kwib
(k-tµ-l)-s∏-Sp∂ ]£w F∂m-e-h-cpsS C±x aq∂p-am-k-amWv
bmsXmcp kv{XoIfpw, kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw B¿Ø-hap≠m-Im-
Ø, EXp-hm-bn-ń-√mØ K¿`-ap≈ kv{XoIƒ Ah-cpsS
5015
Ah[n Ah¿ {]k-hn-°-emWv Ah-cpsS K¿`w B¿
kq£n-°p-∂pthm A√m-lp-hns\ Ah≥ Ah\v D≠m°n (G¿s∏-
Sp-Øn)-s°m-Sp°pw Ahs‚ ImcysØ kw_-‘n®v Ffp-∏w,
kuIcyw !5! AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-bmWv AXns\
Ah≥ Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p \nß-fn-te°v A√m-lp-hns\ B¿
kq£n-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ Ah∂v ad®p (aq-Sn) sh®p-sIm-Sp°pw
Ahs‚ Xn∑-Isf Ah\v hºn-®Xm (h-ep-Xm)-°p-Ibpw sNøpw
{]Xn-êw
B¿Ø-ha - p-≠m-Im-dp≈ kv{XoI-fpsS C±x-Imew aq∂v B¿Ø-hi - p≤n

D≠m-I-em-sW∂v apºv 1 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-
t√m. {]mbm-[nIyw \nanØw B¿Øhw \ne-®p-t]m-b-h-fp-sS-bpw, Xosc
B¿Ø-h-ap-≠m-bn-ń-√m-Ø-h-fp-sSbpw C±x aq∂v amk-°m-e-am-sW∂v Cu hN-
\-Øn¬ A√mlp Adn-bn-°p-∂p. Ch-cpsS C±x-sb-∏‰n \nßƒ kwi-b-s∏-Sp-
∂-]£w (ºàÑJQG ¿EG) F∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Imc-Ww, kqd-Øp¬ _Iz-d-xbn¬ B¿Ø-
h-ap-≠m-Im-dp≈ kv{XoI-fpsS C±x-sb-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ, B¿Øhw
D≠mImØ kv{XoI-fpsS C±x-sb-°p-dn®v Nne¿°v kwibw D≠m-b-Xm-sW-
∂pw, AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂mWv Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-
s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. (lm; _.) c‡w ImWp-I-bpw, AXv B¿Ø-htam c‡-{km-
htam F∂-dn-b-s∏-SmsX kwi-b-s∏-´m¬ F∂mWv B hm°p-sIm≠v Dt±-
iyw F∂s{X apPm-lnZv (d) apX-emb Nne-cpsS A`n-{]m-bw. BZyw ]d-
™-XmWv C_v\p-Pc - o¿ (d) _e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- v. F\n- _m°n-bp≈Xv
XzemIzv \S-°p-tºmƒ K¿`-h-Xn-I-fmb kv{XoI-fmWv Ah-cpsS C±x Ah-
cpsS {]khw hscbm-Wv. {]khw DS-s\-Øs∂ kw`-hn-®mepw icn, Iptd
amk-ßƒ°p-ti-j-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, AtXmsS C±xbpw Ah-km-\n-°pw.
Ign™ hN-\ß - f
- n¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se, Cu c≠v hN-\ß
- f
- nepw Xs∂
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw Bh¿Øn-®p-W¿Øn-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xpw, 5 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ CsXms° A√mlp \nßƒ°v Cd-°n-Xs∂
I¬]-\-I-fm-sW∂v DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. Cß-s\-
bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ Hmtcm∂pw k{i≤w a\- n-cp-Øn-s°m-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww
\mw Izp¿-B≥ hmbn-°p-∂Xpw {Kln-°p-∂-Xpw. A√mlp \ap°v AXn\v
XuôIzv \¬Is´. Bao≥. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-
s∏´ kv{XoI-tfm-Sp≈ Nne _m[y-X-I-sf-°p-dn®pw a‰pw {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:˛
5016
!6! \nßƒ Xma-kn-°p-∂n-S-
Øn¬s]-´˛ AXm-b-Xv, \nß-fpsS
Ign- h n¬s]´ ˛(- H - c p) ÿeØv
\nßƒ Ahsc Xma- k n- ∏ n- ° p-
hn≥. Ah- c p- s S- t a¬ CSp°w
[sRcp°w] D≠m-°p-hm≥th≠n
\nßƒ Ah- t cmSv D]- { Zhw
{]h¿Øn-°-cp-Xv.
Ah¿ K¿`-h-Xn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬,
Ah¿ Xß-fpsS K¿`w {]k-hn-°p-
∂-Xp-h-tc°pw \nßƒ Ah¿°v
Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.
F\n, Ah¿ \nßƒ°p- t h≠n
(Ip-ń-°v) ape-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-]£w
\nßƒ Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS {]Xn-
êw sImSp-°-Ww.
(k- Z m- N m- c ) acym- Z - { ]- I mcw
\nßƒ XΩn¬ Imcym-temN\ \S-
Øp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. \nßƒ (A-
t\ym-\yw) sRcp°w {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-
I-bm-sW-¶n¬, At∏mƒ Ah\v
[`¿Øm-hn\v] th≠n thsdm-cp-hƒ
(Ip-ń-°v) ape-sIm-Sp-tØ-°m-hp-∂-
XmWv
7! \nhr-Øn-bp-≈-h≥ Xs‚
\nhr- Ø n- b n¬\n∂v Nne- h - g n- ® p-
sIm- ≈ s´; bmsXm- c p- h - s ‚- t a¬
Ahs‚ D]-Po-h\w IpSp- m-°s - ∏-
ń-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥, X\n°v
A√mlp \¬In- b - X n¬\n∂pw
Nne-h-gn-®p-sIm-≈-s´,
Hcp tZl- t ØmSpw [BtfmSpw]
A√mlp AXn\v \¬In-b-X-√msX
(Nn-e-hm-°p-hm≥) Ah≥ imkn-°p-
I-bn-√. Hcp {]bm-k-Øn-\p-tijw
A√mlp h√ Ffp- ∏ hpw G¿s∏-
SpØnsImSp-tØ-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
5017
!6! \nßƒ Ahsc Xma-kn∏n(-]m¿∏n)-°p-hn≥
\nßƒ Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬s]´ ÿeØv AXm-bXv \nß-fpsS Ign-
hn¬ (\n-hr-Øn-bn¬)-s]´ Ah-tcmSv \nßƒ D]-{Zhw {]h¿Øn-
°-cp-Xv, D]-{Z-h-\bw Im´-cpXv \nßƒ CSp°w (Ip-Sp-°w˛ sRcp-
°w) D≠m-°p-hm≥ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah-cm-sW-¶n¬
K¿`h-Xn-Iƒ F∂m¬ Nne-h-gn-°p-hn≥, Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-°Ww
Ah¿°v Ah¿ {]k-hn-°p-∂X
- p-hsc Ah-cpsS K¿`w
F\n (F-∂n-´v) Ah¿ ape (]m¬) sImSp-sØ-¶n¬ \nßƒ°p-th≠n
F∂m-e-h¿°v sImSp-°p-hn≥ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-^-e-ßƒ
\nßƒ Imcym-tem-N\ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬,
XΩn¬ kZm-Nmcw (a-cym-Z˛ \√ hg-°w) A\p-k-cn®v \nßƒ
At\ym\yw sRcp°w Imń-bm¬ ({]-I-Sn-∏n-®m¬) At∏mƒ ape-sIm-
Sp-tØ°mw, apesImSp-°Ww Ah-\p-th≠n as‰m-cp-hƒ !7!
Nne-h-gn-°s´ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈-h≥ Ahs‚ \nhr-Øn-bn¬\n∂v
bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah-s‚-ta¬ IW-°m-°-s∏´p (Ip-Sp- m-°-s∏-´p)
F∂m¬ Ahs‚ Blm-cw, D]-Po-h\w F∂m-e-h≥ Nne-h-gn-°s´
Ah∂v \¬In-b-Xn¬\n∂v A√mlp A√mlp imkn-
°pI (Io¿Øn-°p-I˛ hnj-an-∏n-°p-I)-bn√ Hcp tZl-tØmSpw, Hcm-sfbpw,
Hcp Bflm-hn-s\bpw AXn\v Ah≥ \¬In-bXv (\¬In-b-X-\p-k-
cn-®v) A√msX A√mlp hgnsb D≠m°pw, B°n-tb°pw
Hcp sRcp-°-Øn\v ({]-bm-k-Øn-\p)-tijw Hcp Ffp-∏w, kuIcyw
kmcw: hnhm-l-tam-N\w (Xz-emIzv) sNø-s∏´ kv{XoIƒ°v Ah-cpsS C±x-

Imew Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc `¿Ømhv ]m¿∏nSw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚ hk-
Xn-I-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂n¬, Htc-h-kXn am{X-am-Wp-≈-sX-¶n¬˛ IzØmZx
(d) ]d-™X - p-t]m-se˛ AXns‚ Hcp hiØv Ahsf Xma-kn-∏n-°W - w. hońs‚
\ne-hm-chpw tXmXpw IW-°m-°p-∂Xv Ah-\-hs‚ ÿnXnbpw Ign-hp-a-\p-
k-cn®v am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. GsX-¶nepw hnt[\ Ahsf sskzcyw sISp-Øp-
hmt\m hnj-an-∏n-°p-hmt\m ]mSp-≈-X-√. Ahsf iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-am-dp≈ s]cp-
am-‰hpw ]mSn-√. Ahƒ K¿`-h-Xn-bm-sW∂v I≠m¬ {]khw Ign-bp-∂-Xp-
hsc Ah- f psS Nnehv \S- Ø p- I bpw thWw. {]k- h m- \ - ¥ cw Ipń°v
5018
AhƒXs∂ ape-sImSp°p-∂-]-£w˛ AXmWv th≠-Xpw˛ ape-IpSn am‰p-∂-
Xp-h-tc°pw Ahƒ°v X°-Xmb {]Xn-^-ehpw \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. {]Xn-êw
F¥m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw, Ahƒ°v Xs∂ AXv \n¿∆-ln-°mtam F∂pw a‰pw
Ccp-`m-K-°mcpw At\ym\yw IqSn-bm-tem-Nn®v Xocp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Ipń-
t°m, Ahƒt°m, Aht\m {]tXyI hnj-a-sam∂pw G¿s∏-Sm-Ø-hn[w Xocp-
am-\-sa-Sp-°-Ww. F\n, Ahƒ ape-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv GsX-¶nepw hnt[\ hnj-
a-I-c-am-sW∂v ImWp-∂-]-£w, thsd kv{XoIsf ape-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ G¬∏n-
°p-Ibpw sNømw. hntcm-[-an-√. GXm-bm-epw, Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-epw, {]Xn-
êw \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw ]m¿∏nS kuIcyw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-ep-sa√mw Xs∂,
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw Ign-hpw, \nhr-Øn-am¿K-hp-amWv ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xv.
Ign-hp-≈-h¿ Xß-fpsS Ign-h\p-k-cn-®pw, Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h¿ Xm¥m-ß-fpsS
ÿnXn-°\ - p-kc
- n®pw Nne-hg- n-°W
- s
- a-∂√
- m-sX, Ign-hn-\∏
- pdw h√Xpw sNøm≥
BtcmSpw \n¿_-‘n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-
ßfn¬ I¬]n-°p-∂-Xv. Zmcn-{Zyw-sIm≠pw a‰pw sRcp-ßn-°-gn-bp-∂-h¿ Hcn-
°epw \ncm-i-s∏-S-cp-sX-∂pw, A¬]w Ign-bp-tºmƒ Xß-fpsS \ne A√mlp
t`Z-s∏-SpØn Bizmkw \¬Ip-sa-∂pw, k¬{]-Xo£ ssIhn-S-cp-sX-∂pw,
A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-Iƒ ]men-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ hgnsb \≥a ssIh-
cp-Øp-sa∂pw Ah-km-\a - mbn kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p.
aS°n-sb-Sp-°m-hp∂ XzemIzv (*) aqew hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏´
kv{XoIƒ°v Ah¿ C±x-bn-en-cn-°p∂ ka-bØv Xma-k-ÿ-ehpw `£-W-®n-
ehpw `¿Ømhv \¬tI-≠-XmWv F∂n-cns° K¿`-h-Xn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬ K¿`w
- p-hsc Ahƒ°v Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-°Ww (ïdG πª◊G ä’hCGøc ¿EGh) F∂v
{]k-hn-°p-∂X
]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw c≠p-X-c-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
(1) kv{Xo K¿`-hX

- n-bm-sW-¶n¬ aS-°n-sb-Sp-°m-hp∂ XzemIzmbmepw,
aS-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥ ]mSn-√mØ Xzem-Izm-bmepw Ahƒ {]k-hn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc
Nnehv sImSp-°-W-sa-∂mWv CXns‚ Xm¬]-cy-sa-∂s{X A[nI ]fin-X-
∑m-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw.
(2) AX-√, aS°n FSp-°m-hp∂ Xzem-Izn\v hnt[-b-cmb kv{XoI-sf-
(*) Hcp `¿Ømhv Xs‚ `mcysb hnhm-l-tam-N\w (XzemIzv) sNøp-

∂Xv H∂m-a-sØtbm c≠m-a-sØtbm {]mh-iy-am-sW-¶n¬ AXn\v aS-°n-
sb-Sp-°m-hp∂ XzemIzv (»©LôdG ¥Ó£dG) F∂v ]d-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂p. A√mØ th¿]m-
Sp-I-sf√mw aS-°n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-ØXpw (øFÉÑdG) BIp-∂p. Hmtcm-
∂n\pw AXn-s‚-Xmb D]m-[n-Ifpw \nb-a-ß-fp-ap-≠v-Xm-\pw.
5019
°p-dn®v Xs∂-bmWv Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bpw. ]t£, Ah¿°v K¿`-ap-s≠-¶n¬
km[m-cW KXn-bn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS C±x-Imew Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-tXmsS Ah-
cpsS Nne-hns‚ _m[yX Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√. Ah¿ Ft∏mƒ {]k-hn-°p-
∂pthm AXp-hsc Nnehv sImSp°-Ww. {]khw Hcp ]t£, ]ns∂bpw Iptd-
IqSn Zo¿Lnt®-°m-\n-Sb - p-≠t- √m. AXmWv Cu hmIy-Ønse kqN\ F∂mWv
as‰m-cp-]-£w. (º∏YCG ¬∏dGh. Òãc øHG ‘ Éªc) Xzem-Izns‚ Nne cq]-ß-sf-∏‰n hni-Zo-
I-cn-°p-tºmƒ ]m¿∏n-S-Øn-s‚bpw Nne-hn-s‚bpw hnj-b-Øn¬ ]WvUn-
X≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ Nne A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ßƒ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. {]kvXpX
A`n-{]m-b-ß-fpw, Hmtcm hn`m-K-°m¿°pw Izp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw, lZo-Yn¬
\n∂pw ]d-bp-hm-\p≈ \ymb-ß-fpw, ChnsS hnh-cn®p Zo¿Ln-∏n-°p-∂n-√.
AsX√mw ^nIzvlv (I¿a-im-kv{X) {KŸ-ß-fn¬\n∂v Adn-tb-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
C±x-bn-en-cn-°p∂ kv{XoIƒ°v ]m¿∏n-Shpw Nnehpw \¬Ip-∂Xv

kw_-‘n®v C∂v apkvenw kap-Zmbw ssIsIm-≠p-h-cp∂ Ae-k-\-b-sØbpw
AXns‚ `hn-jy-Øn-s\bpw Ipdn®v \mw apI-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-t√m. Cß-
s\-bp-ff ssZhnI I¬]-\-Isf AXn-ew-Ln® kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°v Cl-Ønepw
]c-Ønepw t\cn-Sp∂ A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ASpØ hN-\-
ß-fn¬\n∂v apkvenwIƒ°v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!8! F{Xtbm cmPyw [cmPy-

°m¿] AXns‚ d∫n- s ‚bpw,
Ahs‚ dkq- e p- I - f p- s Sbpw
I¬]\ [n°-cn®p If™p! AXn-
\m¬, \mw Ahsb ITn-\-amb
IW°v hnNm-cW \S-Øp-I-bpw,
\nIrjvSamb [ISpØ] in£
in£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
9! Aß-s\, Ah-bpsS Imcy-

Øns‚ Zpjv ^ ew Ah Bkz-
Zn®p; Ah-bpsS Imcy-Øns‚ ]cy-
h-km\w \jvSw (X-s∂) Bbn-cp-
∂p-Xm-\pw.
5020
! 10! Ah¿°v [B cmPy-
°m¿°v] A√mlp ITn-\-amb Hcp
in£ Hcp- ° n- s h- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
BI- b m¬, \nßƒ A√m- l p-
hns\ kq£n-°p-hn≥˛ _p≤n-am-
∑m-tc, (A-sX), hniz-kn-®-htc,
Xo¿®-bm-bpw \nßƒ°v A√mlp
Hcp D¬t_m-[\w Cd-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-
°p∂p;˛
11! (A-sX) Hcp dkq-ens\

(A- b - ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p). hy‡- a mbn
hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bpw-sIm≠v A√m-
lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-Isf [thZ-e-
£y-ßsf] At±lw \nßƒ°v
HmXn-Ø-cp∂p; hniz-kn-°p-I-bpw,
k¬°¿a- ß ƒ {]h¿Øn- ° p-
Ibpw sNbvX-hsc A‘-Im-c-ß-
fn¬\n∂v {]Im-i-Ønte°v hcp-
Øp-hm≥th-≠n.
A√m- l p- h n¬ hniz- k n- ° p- I -
bpw, k¬°¿aw {]h¿Øn- ° p-
Ibpw sNøp- ∂ - X mtcm Ahs\
Ah≥ ASn-`m-K-Øp-IqSn Acp-hn-
Iƒ Hgp-Ip∂ kz¿K-ß-fn¬ {]th-
in- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X mWv; AXn¬
Fs∂∂pw \nXy-hm-kn-If - mb \ne-
bn¬. A√mlp A(- ß - s \- b p-
≈)h\v D]-Po-h\w \∂m(bn Hcp)-
°n sh®n-´p-≠v.
8! F{X-tbm, F{X-bmWv cmPy-am-bn-´v, cmPy-Øn¬\n∂v

AXv [n°-cn-®p, AXn-cp-I-S-∂p, AXn-ew-Ln®p I¬]\hn´p
AXns‚ d∫ns‚ Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fp-sSbpw AXn-\m¬ \mw
AXns\ hnNm-cW (I-W°v t\m°¬) \SØn Hcp hnNm-cW (I-W-
5021
°p-t\m-°¬) ITn-\-amb AXns\ \mw in£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp
shdp-°-s∏´ (\n-Ir-jvS-am-b, hj-fm-b, ISp-Ø) in£ !9!
Aßs\ AXv cpNn-t\m°n, Bkz-Zn®p Zpjv^-ew, `hn-jy-Øv, \miw
AXns‚ Imcy-Øns‚ Bbn-cp∂p AXns‚ Imcy-Øns‚
Iemiw \jvSw !10! A√mlp Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p Ah¿°v
ITn-\-in£ BI-bm¬ A√m-lp-hns\ \nßƒ kq£n-
°p-hn≥ _p≤n-am≥amtc hniz-kn-®-h-cmb
Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p \nßƒ°v Hcp D¬t_m-
[-\w, kvac-W, D]-tZiw !11! AXm-bXv Hcp dkq¬ \nßƒ°v
HmXn (]m-cm-bWw sNbvXp) Xcp∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-Isf
hy‡-am-°p∂p(hn-hc
- n-°p-∂)-hb
- m-bn´v shfn-°p-hc
- p-Øp-hm≥ (]p-
d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-hm≥) th≠n hniz-kn-®-hsc k¬°¿a-
ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvXp Ccp´v (A-‘-Im-cw)-I-fn¬\n∂v
{]Imi (sh-fn-®)-Øn-te°v B¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm A√m-
lp-hn¬ k¬°¿aw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw Ahs\ Ah≥
{]th-in-∏n°pw kz¿K-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ ASn-bn¬IqSn Hgp-
Ip-∂, \S-°p∂ Acp-hn-Iƒ, \Zn-Iƒ AXn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-
fm-bn-s°m≠v Fs∂-∂pw, F°m-ehpw A√mlp Xo¿®-bmbpw
\∂m-°n-sh-®n-´p≠v Aß-s\-bp-≈-h\v Blm-cw, D]-Po-h\w
A√m-lp-hn-s‚-bpw, Ahs‚ ZqX≥am-cp-sSbpw I¬]-\-Iƒ [n°-cn®

P\-ßƒ Cl-Øn¬ A\p`-hn-®-Xpw, ]c-Øn¬ A\p-`hn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb
Zpc-¥-^-e-ßsf Nq≠n-°m-ń-s°m≠v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Ip∂ _p≤n-am≥am-
sc˛ Ah-cm-Wt√m bYm¿∞-_p-≤n-am≥am¿˛ A√mlp D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bmWv:
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ahs\ kq£n-
°-Ww, \nßƒ°v t\¿am¿Kw hy‡-ambn hnh-cn®p Xcp∂ thZ-{K-Ÿhpw
ssZh-Zq-X\pw D≠v, Zp¿am¿K-Øns‚ A‘-Im-cß - f- n¬\n∂v k≥am¿K-Øns‚
shfn-®-Øn-te°v At±lw \nßsf sIm≠ph-cpw, \nßƒ kXy-hn-izm-khpw
k¬°¿ahpw ssIhn-Sm-Xn-cn-°p∂ ]£w \nßƒ°v imiz-X-amb kz¿Kob
PohnXw e`n-°pw, \nßƒ°v th≠-sX√mw A√mlp Hcp-°n-°-gn-™n-´p≠v
Fs∂m-s°.
5022
8 ˛mw hN-\Ø
- n¬ Ahsc ITn-\a - mb hnNm-cW \S-Øn-sb∂pw in£n-
®p-sh∂pw ]d-™Xv ]c-tem-IØpsh®v \n w-ibw \S-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ kw`-
h-ßsf `qX-Ime cq]-Øn¬ FSpØv Imń-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv F∂s{X an°
ap^- n-dp-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu temI-Øp-sh®v Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h∂
hnNm-c-W-bpw, in£-bp-amWv Dt±-iy-sa-∂s{X a‰v Nne ap^- n-dp-Iƒ ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. At∏mƒ, hnNm-c-W-sNbvXp F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, Ah-cpsS
I¿a-ßsf icn°pw IW-°p-sh®v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw, icn-bmb IW-°n-\p-
Xs∂ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ \S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp F∂m-bn-cn-°pw. 10 ˛mw
hN-\-Øn¬ Ah¿°v ITn-\-amb in£ Hcp-°n-bn-´p-s≠∂v ]d-™Xv ]c-
tem-I-in-£-sb-°p-dn®v Xs∂-bmWv F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
!12! Ggv BIm-i-ß-sf˛ `qan-

bn¬\n- ∂ pw- X s∂ Ah- s b- t ∏m-
se˛ krjvSn-®-h-\s{X A√mlp .
Ah-bv°n-S-bn¬ I¬]\ Cd-ßn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p;
A√mlp F√m Imcy-ßƒ°pw
Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-sW-∂pw, A√mlp
Adn- h p- s Im≠v F√m hkv X p-
shbpw hebw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-
sh∂pw \nßƒ Adn-bp-hm≥th-
≠n-bs{X (C-sX√mw Adn-bn-°p-∂-
Xv).
12! A√mlp krjvSn-®-h-\s{X Ggv BIm-i-

ßsf `qan-bn¬\n∂pw Xs∂ Ah-sb-t∏m-se, Ah-bpsS A{X
Cd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p Iev]-\, Imcyw Ah-bv°n-S-bn¬
\nßƒ Adn-bp-hm≥ th≠n(bm-Wv) A√mlp (B-Ip-∂p) sh∂v
F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h≥ BIp∂p (F-∂v)
A√mlp (D-≠v) F∂pw hebw sNbvXn-´p≠v (F-∂pw) F√m
Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw Adn-hn-\m¬, (A-dn-hp-sIm-≠v)
Ggv BIm-iß - ƒ (äGhÉª°S ™Ñ°S) F∂v Izp¿-B≥ H∂n-e[
- nIw ÿeØv
{]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. CXns\∏‰n kq: apAv-an-\q≥ 17 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-
\-Øn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. AXns‚ Npcp°w CXmWv:"Ggv BIm-i-
5023
ßƒ'GsX-√m-am-Wv, Fß-s\-sb-√m-amWv Fs∂m∂pw \ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm.
A√m-lp-hn-\d- n-bmw. Ct∂-hsc imkv{X-PvR≥am¿°pw AXpw Is≠-Øp-hm≥
Ign-™n-ń-√. imkv{XØn\v Is≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ IW-°‰ bmYm¿∞y-
ßƒ \ne-hn-ep-s≠∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an-√. Hcn-°¬ kzoI-cn-°-s∏´
imkv{Xob kn≤m¥w as‰m-cn-°¬ imkv{Xw-Xs∂ sX‰m-sW∂v sXfn-bn-
°epw A]q¿h-a-√. C∂p-hsc D]-cn-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ imkv{X-Zr-jvSn°v I≠p-
]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ km[n-®n-´p-≈-X-{Xbpw H∂m-asØ BIm-im-Xn¿Øn-°p-≈n¬
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-h-bm-sW∂pw AXn-\-∏p-d-Øp≈ _m°n Bdv BIm-i-ß-sf-
°p-dn®pw imkv{X-Øn\v Duln-°p-hm≥t]mepw Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw
hcmw. GXm-bm-epw, BIm-i-ß-f-S-°-ap≈ F√m-‰n-s‚bpw {kjvSm-hmb
A√mlp Ah Gsg-Æ-amWv F∂v Bh¿Øn®p ]d-™-Xn\v at‰-sX-¶nepw
A¿∞-Øn¬ hymJym-\ns®m-∏n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw A¿l-Xbpw A[n-Im-c-hp-
an-√-X-s∂.
`qan-sb-°p-dn®v Ggv `qan-Iƒ ( Ú°VQG ™Ñ°S) F∂v Izp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-

ambn Fhn-sSbpw {]kvXm-hn-®n-ń√. F¶n-epw, `qanbpw Ggp-s≠-∂mWv Cu
hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. ø¡∏ãe ¢VQC’G øeh (`q-an-bn¬ \n∂pw Ah-sb˛
Ggv BIm-i-ßsf ˛t∏m-se) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w AXm-W-t√m. Nne
\_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Ggv `qan-Iƒ F∂v hy‡-ambn {]kvXm-hn-®n´p≠vXm-\pw.
Ah-bn¬ H∂v CXmWv; ¬«∏Y ≥Øàe - Ú°VQG ™Ñ°S øe ¬∏dG ¬bƒW ¢VQC’G øe È°T ~«b º∏X øe (H-cmƒ
`qan-bn¬\n∂v Hcp Nm¨ ÿew A{I-an-s®-Sp-Øm¬, Ggv `qan-I-fn¬\n-∂p-
ambn AXv Ah\v ame-bn-S-s∏-Spw. (_p; ap.) "Ggp-`q-an-I-sf-∏‰n h∂n-´p≈
lZo-Yp-I-fpsS A≤ymbw' (Ú°VQG ™Ñ°S ‘ AÉL Ée ÜÉH) F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ CXp-Iq-
Sm-sXbpw lZoYv _pJmcn (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN\w
AXn¬ D≤-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Ggv BIm-i-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-™-Xp-
t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bmWv Ggv `qan-I-sf-°p-dn®pw ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv. AXns‚
bmYm¿∞yhpw hni-Z-hn-h-chpw A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bmw. Nne Izp¿-
B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ Ah-cp-sS-Xmb Nne hymJym-\-ßƒsIm≠v Xr]vXn-
s∏-Sm-dp-s≠-∂-√m-sX, kq£va-am-tbm, sXfn-hp-k-ln-Xtam kzoIm-cy-amb Hcp
A`n-{]mbw CtX-hsc B¿°pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ km[n-®n-ń-√. a\p-jys‚
Adn-hn-\pw, Ahs‚ \nco-£-W-ßƒ°pw hnj-bo`-hn-®n-ń-√mØ Nne `qtem-
I-ßƒ A\-¥-hn-kvXr-X-amb BIm-i-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw D≠m-
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp Akmw-K-Xy-hp-an-√."ø¡∏ãe ¢VQC’G øeh äGhÉª°S ™Ñ°S(Ggv
BIm-i-ß-fpw, `qan-bn¬\n∂pw Xs∂ AXpt]m-se)' F∂ Bb-Øns‚
hymJym\w Rm≥ ]d-™m¬ \nßƒ Ahn-iz-kn®p t]mtb-°pw˛ AYhm
hymP-am-°n-tb°pw' F∂pw a‰pw C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn
\nth-Z-\-ßƒ h∂n-´p-≠v. A√mlp Adn-bn-®p-X-∂Xv bmsXmcp G‰-°p-dhpw
hcp-ØmsX Aßv hniz-kn-°p-I, bmYm¿∞yw Ah-¶-te°v hnt´-°p-I, Inń-
5024
°-gn™ Adn-hp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Ks
- ∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Ahs‚ krjvSnssh-`h-sØ-
∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-I, CXmWv \ap°v sNøm-\p-≈-Xv.
BIm-i-tem-I-ß-fm-I-s´, `qan-tem-I-ß-fm-I-s´, Ah-bn-se-√mw-Xs∂

A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-b-\p-k-cn-®mWv Imcy-ß-sf√mw \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. Ah≥ Adn-bm-sX-tbm, Ahs‚ I¬]-\m-[n-Im-c-ßƒ°\p-k-cn-®-√m-
sXtbm Hcp Imcyhpw \S-°p-∂n-√. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw {kjvSm-sh-∂t- ]mse F√m-
‰n-s‚bpw \nb-¥m-hpw, `c-W-I¿Ømhpw Ah≥X-s∂. Ah≥ k¿∆-i-‡-
\pw, k¿∆-⁄-\p-am-Wv. G‰hpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Cu ]c-am¿∞-ßƒ a\p-
jy≥ kZm Hm¿Øpw Adn-™p-an-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Ahs‚ kIe \∑-bp-sSbpw
ASn-Ød CX-s{X.
áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
5025
`mKw 28 ËôëàdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 66 Xlvcow
5026
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ËôëàdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
66. kqdØpØlvcow
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
! 1! tl, \_ntb, A√mlp

\n\°v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°n-Ø-∂n-´p-
≈- X ns\ \o F¥n\v \njn- ≤ - a m-
°p∂p?!
\o \ns‚ `mcy-am-cpsS {]oXnsb

tXSp-∂p. A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-
∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
1! tl, \_ntb F¥n-\mWv ldmam (\n-jn-≤-am)-°p-

∂Xv A√mlp lemem (A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am)-°n-b-Xns\ \n\°v
\o Dt±-in®p (tX-Sn)-sIm≠v, \o tXSp∂p {]oXn, Xr]vXn
\ns‚ CW-I-fpsS (`m-cy-am-cp-sS) A√mlp s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJmcn, apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿

C{]-Imcw D≤-cn-°p∂p: Akzv¿ \a-kvImcw Ign-™m¬ \_n Xs‚ `mcy- ˜
am-cpsS ASp-°¬ t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (A-°q´Øn¬) ssk\_xbpsS
ASpØv t]mIp-I-bpw, Ahn-sS-\n∂v tX≥ IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
Rm\pw l^vkzxbpw IqSn Cßs\ ]d-s™m-Øp. \_n Rßƒ c≠p- ˜
5027
t]-cn¬ BcpsS ASp-°¬ h∂mepw Ahƒ Ahn-S-tØmSv Cßs\ ]d-b-
Ww. "Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬\n∂v "aKm-ôdn's‚ hmk\ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂p-ht√m!'
Aß-s\, Xncp-ta\n Hcm-fpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ Ahƒ Aßs\ ]d-bp-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "C√. Rm≥ ssk\-_bpsS ASp-°¬\n∂v
tX≥ IpSn-®-Xm-Wv. F\n, AXv Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-a-√. Rm≥ i]Yw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. \o a‰m-tcmSpw CXn-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°c
- p-Xv.' ("a-Km-ô¿'
F∂v ]d-™Xv GtXm Hcp hr£-Øns‚ Id˛ AYhm Kq¥v˛ BIp-∂p.
AXns‚ hmk\ kpJ-I-c-a-√. cpNn-bm-Is´ a[p-c-hp-am-Wv). Cu kw`-h-
sØ-Øp-S¿∂mWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®Xv F∂mWv _e-amb A`n-
{]mbw. thsdbpw A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ D≠v.
BCix (d) A_q-_-Iv¿ (d)s‚ aI-fpw, l^vkzx (d) Da¿ (d)s‚

aI-fp-am-Ip-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Xv\n-am-cn¬ Ch¿ c≠p-t]cpw XΩn¬
{]tXyI kvt\l-_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a‰p-≈-h-sc-°mƒ A`n-am-\n-I-fp-am-
bn-cp-∂p. B \ne°v ssk\_v (d)-bpsS ASp-°¬\n∂v \_n tX≥Ip- ˜
Sn-°m-dp≈ hnhcw Adn-™-t∏mƒ Ah¿°v c≠p-t]¿°pw AX{X ckn-®n-√.
taen¬ B ]Xnhv C√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥th≠n c≠pt]cpw IqSn FSpØ
Hcp kq{X-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. CXv tIhew kv{Xo kl-P-amb Hcp kz`m-h-am-
˜
W-t√m. \_n Xncp-ta\n bm-I-s´, X∂n¬\n∂v kpK-‘-a-√m-sX, Zp¿K‘w
]pdØv hcp-Øp-∂Xv H´pw CjvS-s∏-SmØ Bfp-am-Wv.
A√mlp lem-em-°nb (A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°nb) Hcp DØa hkvXp-

hmWv tX≥. Nne `mcy-am-cpsS A{]oXn kºm-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-
bmWv Xncp-ta\n taen¬ AXv IpSn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v i]Yw sNbvX-Xv. CXn-
s\-°p-dn-®mWv A√mlp Xncp-ta-\nsb Bt£-]n-®-Xv. AXv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS
]Z-hn°v tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-√˛ AY-hm, `mcy-am-cpsS {]oXn-°p-th≠n B ]d-
™Xv \∂m-bn-√˛ F∂-XmWv Bt£-]-Øn\v Imc-Ww. F∂-√m-sX,
A√mlp A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW∂v I¬]n-® Hcp Imcyw Xncp-ta\n \njn-≤-
am-sW∂v (l-dm-am-sW-∂v) hn[n-®p-sh-t∂m, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[nsb \_n ˜
Ah-K-Wn-®p-sht∂m A√ Dt±-iyw. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜Hcn-°epw Aßs\
sNbvI-bn-s√∂v kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. \_ntb F∂v hnfn-®p-sIm-≠mWv
A√mlp Bt£]w D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amWv F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v AXv kam-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂p. CXp-t]mse \∂-√mØ h√ hnj-bs - Ø-°p-dn®pw kXyw sNbvXp
Ign-™m¬, ]n∂oSv AXn\v {]mb-›nØw sNbvXv aS-tß-≠-Xp≠v F∂v
ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
5028
! 2! \nß- f psS kXy-
ßƒ°p≈ ]cn-lmcw A√mlp
\nßƒ°v \nb-an®p X∂n-´p-ap≠v;
A√mlp \nß-fpsS "auem' [bP-
am- \ ≥] BIp∂p; Ah- \ s{X
AKm-[-⁄-\mb k¿∆-⁄≥.
2! A√mlp \nb-an-®n-´p≠v \nßƒ°v \nß-

fpsS kXy-ß-fpsS ]cn-lmcw A√mlp \nß-fpsS bP-am-\≥, (c-
£m-[n-Im-cn, klm-b-I≥, D‰-_-‘p) BIp∂p Ah≥ Xs∂ k¿∆-
⁄≥ AKm-[-⁄-\m-b, bp‡n-am≥
sNbvX kXy-Øn¬\n∂v aSßp-tºmƒ AXn\v {]mb-›nØw \¬tI≠-

Xp-s≠∂ \nbaw Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Cu hN\w sNøp-∂-Xv. {]mb-›nØw
F¥m-sW∂v kq: amCZx 92-˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. ]Øv Zcn-
{Z≥am¿°v `£-Wtam hkv{Xtam \¬Ip-I, As√-¶n¬ Hcp ASn-asb tamNn-
∏n-°p-I,km[n-°mØ ]£w aq∂v Znhkw t\mº-\p-jvTn-°p-I, CXmWv kXy-
Øns‚ {]mb-›nØw (IQÉØµdG). \_n Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn A_q-lp-dbvdx ˜
Cßs\ \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p: "Hcmƒ Hcp Imcyw kXyw sNbvXn´v
AXn-s\-°mƒ DØaw as‰m-∂m-sW-∂p-I-≠m¬, Ah≥ Xs‚ kXy-Øn\v
{]mb-›nØw \¬Ip-I-bpw, DØ-a-am-bXv GtXm AXv sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp-
sIm-≈-s´.' (ap.) GsX-¶nepw \√-Im-cy-Øn\v XS- -am-tb-°p-∂-tXm, \∂-
√mØ Imcy-Øn\v Imc-W-am-tb-°p-∂tXm Bb h√ i]-Yhpw sNbvXp-t]m-
bm¬ AXn\v {]mb-›nØw \¬In-sIm≠v AXn¬\n∂v aS-tß-≠X - mWv F∂v
kmcw.
!3! Xs‚ `mcy-am-cn¬ Nne-tcmSv
\_n Hcp h¿Ø-am\w cl-ky-am-
bn-∏-d™ kµ¿`w: F∂n´v Ah-
ƒ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v (a-s‰m-cm-tfmSv)
hnh-c-a-dn-bn-°p-Ibpw, A√mlp
At±-l-Øn\v [\_n°v] AXn-s\-
∏‰n shfn-hm-°n-s°mSp°p-Ibpw
sNbvX-t∏mƒ, AXns‚ Nne-`mKw
At±lw Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-
bpw, Nne-`mKw hn´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
5029
Aß-s\, At±lw Ahƒ°v
AXn- s \- ° p- d n®v hnh- c - a - d n- b n- ® -
t∏mƒ, Ahƒ ]d™p: "CXv
BcmWv Atß°v hnh-c-a-dn-bn-®p-
X- ∂ Xv?!' At±lw ]d™p:
"F\n°v kq£va-ambn Adn-bp∂
k¿∆-⁄≥ hnh-c-a-dn-bn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.'
3! clkyw (kz-Im-cyw) ]d™ kµ¿`w \_n, {]hm-N-I≥
Nne-cn-te°v Xs‚ `mcy-am-cnse Hcp h¿Ø-am\w
F∂n-´-hƒ hnh-c-a-dn-bn-®-t∏mƒ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v At±-lsØ shfn-
hm°n (A-t±-l-Øn\v hy‡-am-°n)-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw A√mlp AXn-
s\-∏‰n At±lw Adn-bn-®p, a\- n-em°n AXn¬ NneXv
Xncn™p (hn-´p) If-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp Nne-Xn-s\, Nne-Xn¬ \n∂v
Aßs\ At±lw Ahƒ°v hnh-c-a-dn-bn-®-t∏mƒ AXn-s\-∏‰n
Ahƒ ]d™p Atß°v (X-\n-°v) B¿ Adn-bn-®p-X-∂p,
CXv At±lw ]d™p F\n°v hnh-c-a-dn-bn®p k¿h-⁄≥
kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-∂-h-\mb
ssk\_x (d)-bpsS hoń¬\n∂v tX≥Ip-Sn-®-Xpw, taen¬ IpSn-°p-I-bn-

s√∂v kXyw sNbvXXpw Xncp-ta\n l^vkzx (d)-tbmSv ]d-™-t∏mƒ CXv
Bscbpw Adn-bn-°-cp-sX-∂p-IqSn ]d-™n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. ]t£,
l^vkzx (d) B hnhcw BCix (d)-tbmSv ]d-™p. Cu hnhcw hlvbv
aptJ\ A√mlp \_n °v hnhcw sImSp-Øp. Xncp-ta\n Xs‚ kzImcyw ˜
]pd-Ømb hnhcw l^vkzx (d)sb Adn-bn-®p. F¶n-epw, Nne-`mKw am{Xta
Xncp-ta\n {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈q. Imc-Ww, apgp-h≥ `mKw Adn-™X
- mbn {]kvXm-
hn-®m¬ AXv Ah¿°v A]-am-\-am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. Xßƒ XΩn¬ \S∂ Cu
clkyw Fß-s\-bmWv Xncp-ta\n Adn-™Xv? BCix (d) \_n -tbmSv ˜
]d-™n-cn-°ptam? Fs∂m∂pw Adn-bmsX Ah¿°v ]cn-{`-a-am-bn. BcmWv
Atß°v hnhcw Adn-bn-®p-X-∂Xv F∂-h¿ Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv tNmZn-®p. F√mw
Adn-bp∂ A√m-lp-hmWv Adn-bn-®p-X-s∂-sX∂v Ahn-Sp∂v DØcw ]d-™p.
CXmWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. \_n -s°-Xn-cmbn \S∂ Cu KqV- ˜
{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw t]cv hy‡-am-°m-sX, c≠p-
t]-scbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
5030
!4! \nßƒ c≠p-t]cpw A√m-
lp-hn-¶-te°v ]›m-Ø-]n-°p-∂-
]£w (A-Xym-hiywXs∂); (Im-
c- W w) \nß- f psS lrZ- b - ß ƒ
sNcn-™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v.
\nßƒ c≠p-t]cpw At±-lØ - n-
s\- X nc ]c- k v ] cw ]n≥XpW
\¬Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n-tem, F∂m¬,
(A-dn-t™-°pI;) A√m-lp-hs{X
At±-l-Øns‚ auem klmbn.
Pn_vcoepw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-If - nse
kZv h rØcpw (k- l m- b n- I - f m- I p-
∂p.) AXn-\p-]p-d-sa, ae-°p-Ifpw
]n≥XpW \¬Ip-∂-h-cm-Wv.
4! \nßƒ c≠mfpw ]›m-Ø] - n-°p-∂]

- £
- w, tJZn®p aSßnbm¬
A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v F∂m¬ sXddn (h-gp-Xn˛ sNcn-™p)
t]mbn- ´ p≠v \nß- f psS lrZ- b - ß ƒ \nßƒ c≠mfpw
]n≥XpW (k-lmbw) \¬In-bmtem At±-l-Øns‚ ta¬ (F-Xn-cm-bn)
F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp Ah-\s{X At±-l-Øns‚
auem Pn_vcoepw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \√ (kZvhrØ-
cm-b)-hcpw ae-°p-Ifpw AXn-\p-]p-d-sa, AXns‚ ]pdsa
]n≥Xp-W-°m-cm-Wv, klmbw \¬Ip-∂-h-cmWv
GsX-¶nepw hnt[-\-bp≈ ASpØ _‘p F∂mWv ¤ƒe (au-em)

F∂ hm°ns‚ km£m¬ A¿∞w. ASp-∏-Øns‚ kz`m-h-a-\p-k-cn®v ]e
A¿∞-Ønepw AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-Spw. (kq: Alvkm-_v, 5 ˛mw hN-\Ø
- ns‚
hymJym-\-Øn¬ CXn-s\-∏‰n hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.) "Izmaqkn'¬ Ccp-]-
Xn¬]cw A¿∞-ßƒ Cu hm°n\v \¬In-°m-Wmw. "bP-am-\≥, ASn-a, D‰-
h≥, Nßm-Xn, AXn-Yn, c£m-[n-Imcn, klm-bn, _‘p' apX-em-bh AXn¬s]-
Sp-∂p. At∏mƒ, Bsc-°p-dn-®mtWm "auem' F∂v ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶n¬ B Bfp-
am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚ kz`mhw A\p-k-cn®v AXn\v A¿∞w \¬Imw.
˜
\_n -s°-Xn-cmb B kwcw-`-Øn¬ ]c-kv]cw klm-bn® c≠v
]Xv\n-am¿ Bcm-sW∂v Da¿ (d)-t\mSv tNmZn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ X\n°v B{K-l-ap-
≠m-bn-cp-∂n´pw At±-l-tØm-Sp≈ _lp-am\w \nan-Øw, Iptd-Im-e-tØmfw
5031
AXn\v ss[cy-s∏ńs√-∂pw, Hcp l÷v bm{X-bn¬ \n∂p≈ aS-°Ø
- n¬ e`n®
Hcp kµ¿`w Xm≥ AXn\v D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-∂pw, AXv l^vkz-xbpw,
BCix (d)bpw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Da¿ (d) adp-]Sn ]d-™p-sh∂pw C_v\p
A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (_p; ap.)
!5! (\-_n-bpsS ]Xv\n-am-tc)

\nßsf At±lw hnhm-ltam-N\w
sNøp- ∂ - ] £w \nß- s f- ° mƒ
DØa- c mb `mcy- a msc At±- l -
Øn\v At±-l-Øns‚ d∫v ]Icw
\¬In-tb-°mw.
AXm- b - X v , apkv e nwI- f mb,
kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-fm-b, `‡n-Im-
Wn-°p-∂-h-cm-b, ]›m-Ø-]n-°p-
∂-h-cm-b, Bc-m[-\-°m-cn-I-fm-b,
{hXw BN-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-b, hn[-h-
Ifpw I\y-I-I-fp-amb kv{XoI-sf.
5! At±-l-Øns‚ d∫v Btb°mw \nßsf At±lw

XzemIzv (hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w) sNbvsX-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn\v ]Icw
\¬IpI (B-tb-°mw) `mcy-amsc \nß-sf-°mƒ DØ-a-cmb
apkvenw kv{XoIsf kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-fmb `‡-I-fmb
]›m-Ø-]n-°p-∂-h-cmb Bcm-[\ sNøp-∂-h-cmb {hX-
a-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-h-cm-b, k©mcw sNøp∂ hn[-h-I-fmb I\y-I-I-
fp-amb
äÉëFÉ°S F∂ hm°n-\mWv {hXw BN-cn-°p-∂-h¿˛ AYhm t\mºp-Im¿

˛F∂v A¿∞w I¬]n-®X - v. kzlm-_n-If
- pw, Xm_n-DI
- f
- p-amb ]e alm≥amcpw
B A¿∞-amWv AXn\v I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - v. kzlm-_n-If - pw, k©mcw sNøp-
∂-h¿˛ AYhm aX-kw-_-‘-amb Bh-iym¿∞w lnPvdx -t]m-Ip-hm≥ Xøm-
dp-≈-h¿˛ F∂pw Nne¿ AXn\v A¿∞w I¬]n-°m-dp-≠v. º∏YG ¬q∏dG \ne-hn-
ep≈ `mcy-amsc apgp-h\pw hnhm-l-tam-N\w \¬In hntS-≠n-h-∂mepw \_n
˜
°v AXp-sIm≠v Hcp tZmjhpw kw`-hn-°p-hm-\n-s√-∂pw, Ah-sc-°mƒ
GXv \ne°pw \√-h-cmb kv{XoIsf Ahn-Sp-tØ°v A√mlp ]Icw \¬In-
tb-°p-sa-∂p-amWv Bb-Øns‚ kmcw.
5032
ta¬ Ign™ Xncp-h-N-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v \ap°v ]eXpw a\- n-em-°m-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn:
˜
(1) \_n bpsS ÿm\-]-Z-hn-Iƒ°v A\p-tbm-Py-a-√mØ h√ \n m-
c-Im-cyw-t]mepw Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬\n∂v D≠m-tb-°p-∂-]£w A√mlp DSs\
AXv Xncp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
(2) A√mlp lem-em-°nb ˛A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°nb hkvXp-°sf D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Bcpw ZrV-\n-›bw sNbvXp-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv
(3) \∂-√mØ hnj-b-ß-fn¬ kXyw sNø-cp-Xv.
(4) Aßs\ kXyw sNbv X p- t ]m- b m¬ AXn\v {]mb- › nØw

(I^v^mdØv) \¬In AXn¬\n∂v hnc-an-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
(5) kv{XoIƒ F{X D∂X ]Z-hn-bp-≈-h-cm-bmepw Ah-cp-sS-Xmb

Nne kz`m-h-ßƒ Ah-cn¬\n∂v {]I-S-am-tb-°pI kzm`m-hn-I-amWv
(6) Hcm-tfmSv Hcmƒ Hcp cl-ky-hn-hcw ]d-™m¬ AXv as‰m-cmsf

Adn-bn-®p-Iq-Sm.
(7) \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜bpsS ÿm\-]-Zhn A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ D∂-X-am-

bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv
(8) A√m-lp-hn-s‚-bpw, dkq-en-s‚bpw I¬]-\-t°m, Xr]vXnt°m FXn-

cmbn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv B¿Xs∂ Bbmepw A√mlp AXv H´pw CjvS-s∏-Sp-
∂-X-√.
(9) `mcy-am-cp-sStbm at‰m CjvSsØ ap≥\n-dpØn \∂-√mØ Imcy-
ß-fn¬ {]th-in-°-cp-Xv. Aßs\ ]eXpw. CXp-hsc {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-∂Xv \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n °pw Ahn-SpsØ ]Xv\n-am¿°p-an-S-bn¬ \S∂ Nne Km¿lnI Imcy-
ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬, Krl-\m-b-I≥am¿°v Xß-
fpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ hnj-b-Øn-ep≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw A√mlp Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂p.
! 6! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,
\nßƒ \nß-fpsS tZl-ß-sf-bpw,
\nß-fpsS IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw Hcp
(h-ºn®)A·n-bn¬\n∂v ImØp
sIm-≈p-hn≥! AXn¬ IØn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂Xv [hndIv] a\p-jy-cpw, I√p-
am-Ip-∂p.
5033
AXns‚ ta¬(t\m-´Ø - n\v) ]cp-
j-kz-`m-h° - mcpw ITn-\≥am-cp-amb
ae- ° p- I - f p- ≠ m- b n- c n- ° pw. Ah-
tcmSv I¬]n-®-Xn¬ Ah¿ A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSv A\p-kc - W - t- °-Sv Im´p-
I-bn√; Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-°-s∏-
Sp∂Xv (G-Xpw) Ah¿ sNøp-Ibpw
sNøpw.
7!(]-db - s - ∏Spw:) "tl, Ahn-iz-
kn-®-h-tc, C∂v \nßƒ Hgn-I-gnhv
]d- t b≠ \nßƒ {]h¿Øn- ® p-
sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xn\v am{Xta \nß
ƒ°v {]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p-
≈q.'
6! tl hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ ImØp (kq-£n-®p)

sIm≈p-hn≥ \nß-fpsS tZl-ß-sf, \nß-sf-Øs∂ \nß-
fpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf (ho-´p-Im-sc)bpw Hcp A·n (Xo)sb AXnse
hndIv a\p-jy-cmWv I√pw AXn≥ta-ep≠v Nne ae-
°p-Iƒ ]cpj (I-Sp-Ø) kz`m-hn-I-fmb ITn-\-cm-b, Du°≥am-
cmb A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Ah¿ A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv Im´p-∂-X√
Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-®-Xn\v (I¬]n-®-Xn¬) Ah¿ sNbvIbpw
sNøpw Ah-tcmSv Iev]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv !7! tl Ahn-
iz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ Hgn-I-gnhv ]d-tb≠m C∂v, Cu Znhkw
\nßƒ°v {]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p≈q \nßƒ Bbn-cp-
∂-Xn\v (am-{Xw) \nßƒ {]h¿Øn°pw
Cu temI-Øp≈ A·n-sb-°mƒ Fgp-]Xv Ccń DjvW-ta-dn-b-XmWv

\c-Im·n F∂v \_n Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. (_p; ˜
ap.) AXn¬ hnd-Imbn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-SpI a\p-jycpw I√p-I-fp-amWv F∂v
A√mlp ]d-™p-ht- √m. Cu a\p-jy¿ alm-]m-]n-If - m-bp-≈h
- c
- m-bn-°p-sa∂v
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. F∂m¬ I√p-Iƒ GXp-Xcw I√p-I-fm-bn-cn°pw? A√m-lp-
hn-\d- n-bmw. I¬I-cn-bmWv CXp-sIm≠v Dt±-iy-sa-∂pw, I¬I-cn-sb-∏‰n Adn-
5034
b-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp∂ Hcp Ime-Øp-Xs∂ Izp¿-B≥ AXn-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®Xv
AXns‚ Aam-\p-jn-I-X°v Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-am-sW∂pw B[p-\n-I-cmb Nne
Bfp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-°m-Wp-∂p. \c-Im-·n-bpw, \ap°v ]cn-N-b-s∏´ Chn-SsØ
A·nbpw Hcp-t]m-se-bm-sW∂ \nK-a\ - Ø
- n¬\n-∂pw, I¬I-cn-sb-°mƒ ISp-
∏-ta-dn-bXpw \ap°v Adn-bm-Ø-Xp-amb at‰-sX-¶nepw I√p-I-fm¬ IØn-
°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ G‰hpw i‡n-tb-dnb Hc-·n-sb-°p-dn®v hn`m-h\w sNøm≥
Ign-bm-Ø-Xn¬\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv Cu {]kvXm-h\ F∂v ]d-tb-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]Xn-aq∂v \q‰m≠v Ime-tØmfw Hcmƒ°pw Dt±iyw a\-
n-em-°p-hm≥ km[n-°mØ Hcp hm°v (IQÉé◊G) Izp¿-B-\n¬ D≠m-bn-cp-
∂p, I¬Icn I≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv AXns‚ A¿∞w a\-
n-em-b-Xv, AXpw Ch¿°v am{Xta a\- n-em-bp-≈q, Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wt√m
CXns‚ ]n∂n-ep-≈-Xv. CXv hmkvX-h-Øn-¬, \c-Im-·n-sb˛ A√, Izp¿-B-
s\-Ø-s∂-bpw˛ Ipd®v ImWn-°-em-bn-cn-°pw.
I√p-sIm≠v hn{K-l-ap-≠m°n Bcm-[n-®n-cp-∂-hsc hj-fm-°p-hm-

\mbn B I√p-Ifpw Ah-tcm-sSm∏w \c-I-Øn-en´v IØn-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂pw,
AXmWv ChnsS I√p-sIm≠v Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d-
™p-Im-Wmw. hfsc Zp¿K‘w han-°p-∂-Xpw, i‡n-bmbn Bfn-°-Øp-∂-
Xp-amb Hcp-Xcw K‘-I-√p-I-fm-bn-cn°pw AsX∂v ap≥Km-an-I-fmb Nne
alm≥amcpw {]kvXm-hn®p ImWp-∂p. Cu {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ icn-bmtWm
At√ F∂v \ap°v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-hm≥ sXfn-hn-√. F¶nepw Cu {]kvXm-
h-\-Iƒ°v ]e \ne-°pw˛ I¬°cnsb°mƒ˛ \ymbo-I-cWw ImWm-hp-
∂-Xm-Wv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG GXm-bmepw, \mw hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°m-sf√mw
i‡n-tb-dn-bX- mWv \c-IØ - nse Xo F∂v icn°v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp
\sΩ Im°-s´. Bao≥.
\c-Im-·n-bpsS ImTn-\y-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™t- i-jw, AXns‚ t\m´-

°mcpw ssIIm-cy-°m-cp-amb ae-°p-I-fpsS kz`m-h-amWv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-
Xv. H´pw Zb tXm∂m-Ø-h-cpw, AXn-i-‡≥am-cpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ GXv
I¬]-\bpw A∏Sn A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-amb ae-°p-I-fm-W-h¿. in£-bpsS
`b-¶-c-Xbpw ItTm-c-Xbpw kln-°-h-ømsX \c-I-ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ
ka¿∏n-°p∂ Hgn-I-gn-hp-I-tfm, At]-£-Itfm AhnsS Ku\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xp-a√
- . Cß-s\-bp≈ \c-Ii - n-£b - n¬ AI-s∏-Sm≥ Imc-Wa- m-ImsX Hmtcm
kXy-hn-izm-knbpw Xm¥m-ß-sfbpw, Xm¥m-ß-fpsS `mcym a°ƒ apX-emb
IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-sfbpw ImØp-sIm-≈-Ww. Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Xs‚ Imcyw
am{Xw t\m°n-bm¬ t]mc, IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Imcyw-IqSn t\mt°-≠p∂ IS-
5035
a-bp-≠v. Fs∂-√m-amWv A√mlp Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xv.
AXym-h-iy-amb Adn-hp-I-sf-¶nepw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I, aX-t_m-[hpw

kZm-Nm-ct- _m-[hpw D≠m-°p-I, kZp-]t- Ziw \¬Ip-I, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-
hn-e-°p-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_‘w sNep-Øp-Ibpw ]cn-
io-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I, X∂n-jvS-Øn-s\mØv Pohn-°p-hm\pw k≥am¿K-
Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-N-en-°p-hm\pw A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, CsXm-s°-bmWv
IpSpw-_sØ \c-Im-·n-bn¬\n∂v c£n-°p-hm-\p≈ am¿K-ßƒ. Hcmƒ Xs‚
IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf Ah-cpsS ]mń\v hnt´-°p-I-bpw, Ah¿°v th≠p∂
D]-tZ-i-ßfpw inIvj-W-ßfpw \¬Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]-£w˛
kz¥w \ne°v F{X `b-`-‡\pw k¬°¿anbpw Bbn-cp-∂mepw icn˛
Abmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ hºn® Ip‰-°m-c≥ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
A√mlp \ap°v XuôIzv \¬I-s´.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
! 8! tl, hniz- k n- ® - h - t c,
\nßƒ A√m- l p- h n- ¶ - t e°v
Bflm¿∞- a mb ]›m- Ø m]w
]›m-Ø-]n-°p-hn≥.
(F∂m¬) \nß- f psS d∫v

\nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS Xn∑-Isf
aqSn-sh®v (am-∏m-°n) Xcp-I-bpw,
Xmgv`m-K-Øp-IqSn Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-
Ip∂ kz¿K- ß - f n¬ \nßsf
{]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvtX°mw; (A-sX) \_n-sb-
bpw, At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w hniz-kn-
®-h-scbpw A√mlp A]-am-\-Øn-
em-°mØ Znh-kw.
5036
Xß-fpsS {]Imiw Ah-cpsS
apºn-eq-sS-bpw, Ah-cpsS he-`m-K-
ß-fn-eq-sSbpw ]m™p (hym-]n-®p)
sIm≠n- c n- ° pw. Ah¿ ]dbpw:
Rß- f psS dt∫, Rßƒ°v
Rß- f psS {]Imiw ]q¿Øo- I -
cn®p Xtc-Wta! Rßƒ°v s]mdp-
Øp-X-cp-Ibpw thWta! \n›-b-
ambpw \o F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-
hp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p.
!8! tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \nßƒ ]›m-Ø-]n°p (a-

S-ßp˛ tJZn-°p)-hn≥ A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v Hcp ]›m-Øm-]w, aS°w
\njvI-f-¶-am-b, Bflm¿∞-amb \nß-fpsS d∫v Btb°mw
\nß-fn¬\n∂v aqSn-sh-°pI (am-∏m-°p-I) \nß-fpsS Xn∑-
Isf \nßsf {]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw kz¿K-ß-fn¬, tXm∏p-I-
fn¬ AXns‚ ASn-`m-K-ØqsS Hgp-Ip∂ Acphn (\-Zn)-Iƒ
Znhkw A√mlp A]-am-\n-°m-Ø, hj-fm-°mØ \_n-
sb, {]hm-NI
- s\ hniz-kn-®-h-scbpw At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w
Ah-cpsS {]Imiw ]m™v (\-S-∂p˛ hym]n-®p) sIm≠n-cn°pw
Ah-cpsS apºn-eqsS Ah-cpsS he-`m-K-ß-fnepw Ah¿ ]dbpw
Rß-fpsS dt∫, c£n-Xmth Rßƒ°v \o ]q¿Øo-I-cn-t°-
Wta Rß-fpsS {]Imiw Rßƒ°v s]mdp-°p-Ibpw thWta
\n›-b-ambpw \o F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv
ÉMƒ°üf áHƒJ (B- fl m¿∞- a mb ]›m- Ø m- ] w) F∂- X ns‚ Dt±iyw Ip‰-

Øn¬\n∂v a\x-]q¿∆w tJZn®p aS-ßpI F∂v -X-s∂. sNbvXp-I-gn™ Ip‰-
sØ-∏‰n tJZw, taem¬ sNbvI-bn-s√∂ ZrV-\n-›-bw, \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm≥
_m°n-bp≈ ISa \nd-th-‰¬, A\ys\ kw_-‘n-°p∂ Ip‰-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah-
t\mSv am∏v hmßp-Ibpw Ahs‚ IS-∏mSv Xo¿°p-Ibpw sNø¬, taen¬ \√
\ne ssIsIm-≈¬ CsX-√m-amWv AXn-\p≈ D]m-[n-Iƒ. Cß-s\-bp≈
"sXu_x' (]-›m-Øm-]w) sNøp-∂-h¿°v Ah-cpsS ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-°-s∏-
5037
Sp-sa∂v am{X-a-√, Ah¿°v hºn® {]Xn-êw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-amWv F∂p-IqSn
A√mlp Adn-bn-°p∂p (kq: ^p¿Izm≥ 70 Dw t\m°p-I.) kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-
fp-sS {]Im-i-sØ-°p-dn®v kq: lZoZv 12 {]kvXm-hn® kwK-Xn-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw
Hm¿°p-I. I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Xßƒ°v shfn®w In´msX IjvS-s∏-Sp-tºm-
gmWv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ A√mlphnt\mSv Xß-fpsS {]Imiw ]q¿Øn-bm-
°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥ {]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xv F∂v apPm-ln-Zv, Zzlvlm°v apX-em-b-
h-cn¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
!9! tl, \_n-tb, Ahn-izm-kn-

I-tfm-Spw, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw
kacw sNøpI; Ah-tcmSv ]cp-j-
ambn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNøp-I.
Ah-cpsS kt¶Xw Pl∂w

[\cIw] BIp-∂p. (B) Xncn-s®-
Øp∂ ÿew F{Xtbm NoØ!
!9! tl \_ntb kacw sNøpI Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSv I]-Sh
- n-izm-kn-It- fmSpw ]cp-jX ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI
Ah-tcmSv Ah-cpsS kt¶-Xw, {]m]y-ÿm\w Pl-∂-am-
Ip∂p F{Xtbm (h-f-sc) NoØ Xncn-s®-Øp∂ ÿew
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ {]Xy-£-Øn¬Xs∂ Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fm-I-sIm≠v

Ah-tcm-Sp≈ kacw \ymb-ßfpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw aptJ\ aXn-bm-hp-Ib
- n-√. Bbp-
[-ßfpw kwL-´-\-ßfpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
_mly-Øn¬ apkvenwI-fm-I-sIm≠v Ah-tcm-Sp≈ kacw \oXn-\ym-b-ß-fp-
sSbpw sXfn-hp-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-epw, Ah-cn¬ CkvemanI in£m-
\n-b-a-ßƒ \S∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂Xv aptJ-\bpw Bbn-cn-°pw. c≠p-Iq-´-tcmSpw
kuay-\b - hpw hn´p-ho-gvNbpw ImWn-°p-∂]
- £
- w, Ah¿ B X°w Ckveman\v
FXn-cmbn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wt√m sNøp-I.
! 10 ! A h n - i z - k n - ® - h ¿ ° v
A√mlp Hcp DZm-l-cWw FSpØv
Im´p-I-bm-Wv, \qlns‚ `mcy-sb-
bpw, eqXzns‚ `mcy-sb-bpw.
5038
c≠v kv{XoIfpw \ΩpsS ASn-
bm≥am-cn¬s]´ c≠v kZvhrØ-
cmb ASn-bm≥amcpsS Iogn-em-bn-
cp∂p; F∂n´v c≠p-t]cpw Ahsc
h©n-®p.
F∂m¬, Ah¿°v [B c≠v

kv{XoIƒ°pw] A√m- l p- h n-
¶¬\n∂v (D-≠m-Ip-∂) bmsXm
∂pw Ah¿ c≠mfpw Hgn-hm-°n-
s°m-Sp-Øn-√. (A-htcm-Sv) ]d-bs
- ∏-
Sp- I bpw sNbv X p: "\c- I - Ø n¬
{]th-in-°p-∂-h-tcm-sSm∏w
\nßƒ c≠p- t ]cpw (A- X n¬)
{]th-in®p sIm≈pI' F∂v!
11! hniz- k n- ® - h ¿°pw

A√mlp Hcp DZm-l-cWw FSp-Øp-
Im-´p-∂p, ^n¿-Hus‚ `mcy-sb,
AXm- b - X v, Ahƒ ]d™

kµ¿`w: "Fs‚ dt∫, F\n°v
\ns‚ ASp-°¬ kz¿K-Øn¬ Hcp
hoSv ÿm]n-®p-X-tc-Wta!'
^n¿- H u- \ n¬\n- ∂ pw, Ahs‚

{]h¿Ø-\Ø - n¬\n∂pw \o Fs∂
c£n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-Wta! A{I-
an-I-fmb P\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Fs∂
\o c£n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-Wta!
5039
!12! Cwdms‚ aIƒ a¿ban-
s\bpw (D-Zm-l-c-W-am-°p-∂p); (A-
Xm- b - X v) Xs‚ Kply- ÿ m\w
kq£n(®v Nmcn- { Xy- i p≤n kwc-
£n)°pIbpw, Aß-s\, \ΩpsS
(h-I) Bflm-hn¬ \n∂pw AXn¬
\mw DuXp-Ibpw sNbvX-hƒ.
Xs‚ d∫ns‚ hN-\-ß-fp-sS-
bpw, Ahs‚ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw
Ahƒ kXy-am(bn hniz-kn)-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahƒ `‡-cpsS
Iq´-Øn¬ (s]-´-hƒ) Bbn-cp-∂p-
Xm-\pw.
10! A√mlp hnh-cn-®p, B°n, \n›-bn®p, (F-Sp-Øp-Im-´p-

∂p) Hcp DZm-l-c-Ww, D]a Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°v
\qlns‚ kv{Xosb (`m-cy-sb) eqXzns‚ kv{Xo (`m-cy-sb-bpw)
c≠p-t]-cp-am-bn-cp∂p c≠v ASn-bm≥am-cpsS Iogn¬ \ΩpsS
ASn-bm≥am-cn¬s]´ (c-≠v) kZvhrØ-cmb, \√-hc - mb F∂n´v
c≠p-t]cpw Ahsc c≠m-sfbpw h©n-®p, NXn®p F∂n´v c≠mfpw
[\y-am°n (H-gn-hm-°n˛ ]cym-]vX-am-°n)-bn√ Ah¿°v c≠mƒ°pw, Ah-
cn¬\n∂pw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v bmsXm-∂pw, Hcp hkvXphpw
]d-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp c≠mfpw \c-I-Øn¬ {]th-in-°pI
{]th-in-°p-∂-h-tcm-sSm∏w !11! A√mlp hnh-cn-°pI
(F-Sp-Øp-Im-´p-I)bpw sNøp∂p Hcp DZm-l-cWw hniz-kn-®-
h¿°v ^n¿-Hus‚ kv{Xosb, `mcysb Ahƒ ]d™
kµ¿w dt∫ F\n°v ÿm]n®p (\n¿an®p) XctW \ns‚
ASp-°¬ Hcp hoSv kz¿K-Øn¬ Fs∂ c£n-°bpw thWta
^n¿-Hu-\n¬ \n∂v Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw
Fs∂ c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thWta P\-ß-fn¬\n∂v
A{I-an-I-fmb !12! a¿ban-s\bpw Cwdms‚ aIƒ, ]p{Xn
kq£n® (Im-Ø) hfmb Xs‚ Kply-ÿm\w
5040
Aßs\ \mw AXn¬ DuXn \ΩpsS Bflm-hn¬ (Po-h-\n¬) \n∂v
Ahƒ kXy-am-°pI (i-cn-sh-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp hN-\-ß-sf,
hm°v (I¬]-\)Isf Ah-fpsS d∫ns‚ Ahs‚ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw
Ahƒ Bbn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw, Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw `‡∑mcn¬s]-
´(-hƒ), IogvhW-°-ap-≈-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬
kXy-hn-izm-k-hpw, k¬°¿ahpw sIm≠-√msX B¿°pw c£-bn-

√, {]hm-N-I≥amcS°-ap≈ alm≥am-cpsS k‘p-_-‘p-°ƒt]mepw CXn¬
\n∂v Hgn-h-√, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ in£m-\-S-]-Sn-Isf B¿°pw
Bcn¬\n-∂pw XS-bp-hm≥ km[y-a-√, t\sc-a-dn®v F{X [n°m-cn-I-fmb Ahn-
izm-kn-I-fpsS _‘p-°-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw Ah¿ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw k¬°¿an-
I-fp-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ c£bpw {]Xn-^-ehpap≠v. CXn¬
BWpw s]Æpw F∂ hyXym-k-an√ F∂n-ßn-s\-bp≈ bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ°v
Nne DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.
BZyw ]d-™-Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-ambn \qlv (A), eqXzv (A) F∂o

{]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS `mcy-amsc A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-ń. c≠v kv{XoIfpw Ah-
cpsS `¿Øm-°-fmb B {]hm-N-I≥am-sc h©n-®p. \qlv (A)s‚ `mcy At±-
l-sØ°p-dn®v At±-l-Øn\v {`m¥m-sW∂v P\-as≤y {]N-cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-
∂pw, eqXzv (A)s‚ `mcy At±-l-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ hcp∂ AXn-Yn-I-sf-°p-
dn®v (At±-l-Øns‚ \m´p-Im¿°v˛ {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-amb Zp¿∂-S-∏p-I-fn¬ apgp-
In-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m) Ah¿˛ KqV-ambn hnhcw sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw
a‰pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. GXm-bmepw, c≠p-t]cpw Xß-fpsS
`¿Øm-°-fmb {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS {]t_m-[-\-ßƒ°pw A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ°pw
FXn-cmbn Im]Syw kzoI-cn-°-bmWv sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, {]hm-N-
I≥am¿°v Ahsc A√m-lp-hns‚ in£-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-
√. {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS `mcy-am-cm-sW-∂XpsIm≠v Ah¿°v Fs¥-¶nepw c£-
In-ń-b-Xp-an-√.
hºn® i‡nbpw {]Xm-]-ap-≈-h-\pw, Atß A‰sØ [n°m-cn-bp-

am-bn-cp∂ ^n¿-Hus‚ `mcy-bpsS \ne˛ Ch-cpsS t]¿ Bknb F∂m-sW∂v
lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v˛ CXn¬\n∂v XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚
A{I-a-ßtfm Aò-jvS-ßtfm hI-sh-°m-sX, Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-
°p-I-bpw, B hnizmkw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm≥th≠n hºn® XymK-ßƒ hcn-
°p-I-bpw, F√mw A√m-lp-hn¬ A¿∏n°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aßs\ Ah¿°v
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ al-Ømb ÿm\-am-\-ßƒ e`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp-
5041
t]mse, A√m-lp-hns‚ hºn® A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v ]m{X-amb as‰mcp al-Xn-
bmWv Cwdms‚ aI-fpw, Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS amXm-hp-amb a¿bw (A).
KpW-h-Xn-bpw kZvhrØ-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Ah¿ Xs‚ Nmcn{Xyw ImØp-c-£n-
°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-Ifpw thZ-hm-Iy-ßfpw icn°v ]men-®p-
sIm≠v `‡n-]q¿∆w Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aß-s\, Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚
al-Ømb BZ-c-hn\pw A\p-{K-l-Øn\pw ]m{X-am-bn-Øo¿∂p.
Kply-ÿm\w kq£n-®-hƒ ( É¡Lôa âæ°üMCG »àdG) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚

kmcw Xs‚ Nmcn-{Xy-ip≤n kwc-£n-®-hƒ F∂-s{X. Cu A¿∞-Øn\v
Izp¿B≥ Cu hm°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xn¬ AS-ßnb Nne kqN-\-Ifpw a‰pw
kq: A≥_n-bm-Dv 91 s‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. Cu
kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ c≠v Zpjn® kv{XoI-fpsS DZm-l-c-W-ß-fpw,
c≠v kZvhrØ-cmb kv{XoI-fpsS DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw D≤-cn-®-Xn¬, \_n - ˜
bpsS ]Xv\n-am¿ BZysØ c≠p-t]-sc-t∏mse BIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw, HSp-hn-
esØ c≠v kv{XoI-sf-t∏mse Bbn-cn-°p-hm\pw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xp≠v F∂
Hcp kqN\ ImWmw. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
Ú≤j~°üdGh Ú«ÑædG øe º¡«∏Y âª©fCG øjòdG ™e Éfô°ûMGh ÚàfÉ≤dG øe Éæ∏©LG º¡∏dG
É≤«aQ ∂ÄdhCG ø°ùMh Ú◊É°üdGh AG~¡°ûdGh
5042
`mKw 29 ∂∏ŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 67 ap¬Iv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
∂∏ŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
67. kqdØp¬ap¬Iv
a°xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 30 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv) 2
Ppkp-Dv ˛29
Øn¬.
!1! cmPm-[n-]Xyw bmsXm-cp-
hs‚ Ibvhi-amtWm Ah≥ \∑
(A-Yhm al-Xzw) Gdn-b-h-\m-Ip-
∂p. Ah≥ F√m Imcy-Øn\pw
Ign-hp-≈-h-\p-a-s{X.
2! \nß-fn¬ BcmWv IqSp-

X¬ \√ {]hr-Øn-sN-øp-∂h
- s
- c∂v
\nßsf ]co-£Ww sNøm≥th-
≠n, ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw krjv
Sn®-h-\mWv (A-h≥). Ah-\-s{X,
hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mb {]Xm-
]-im-en.
1! \∑ (Kp-Ww˛ al-Xzw˛ ta∑) Gdn-bn-cn-°p∂p bmsXm-cp-
h≥ Ahs‚ Iøn-em-Wv, ssIh-i-amWv cmP-Xzw, B[n-]Xyw
Ah≥ F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv !2!
krjvSn®-h≥ ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw \nßsf ]co-£Ww
sNøm≥th≠n \nß-fn¬ GsXm-cp-h-\mWv (B-cm-Wv) A[nIw
5043
\√-h≥ (F-∂v) {]hrØn, I¿aw Ah-\s{X {]Xm-]-imen
hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥
AJne hkvXp-°-fpsSbpw `c-Wm-[n-]-Xn-bpw, k¿∆-i-‡-\p-amb A√mlp

F√m-hn[ \∑bpw F√m al¬Kp-W-ßfpw h¿≤n-®-h-\mWv F∂ apJ-hp-c-
tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb {]mcw` hN-\-Øn-\p-ti-jw, AXns‚ Imc-Ww˛ As√-¶n¬ hni-
Zo-I-c-Ww˛ Ft∂mWw hºn® Nne bmYm¿∞y-ß-sf-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-
∂p. tIhew iq\ym-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp∂ a\p-jy≥ Hcn-°¬ Hcp Pohn-bmbn
`qan-bn¬ ]nd-°p-∂p. A¬]-Im-e-Øn-\p-tijw Ahs‚ PohnXw Ah-km-
\n®p Ah≥ ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. c≠pw a\p-jys‚ Bh-iy-{]-Im-c-
tam, Ahs‚ Dt±-iya-\p-k-cn-t®m, Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø\w sImt≠m A√ kw`-
hn-°p-∂X- v. c≠pw A√mlp IW-°m-°p-∂X - pw, Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø\w sIm≠p-
≠m-Ip-∂X - p-as
- {X. At∏mƒ Cu Pohn-XØ
- ns‚ e£yw F¥m-bn-cn-°pw, As√-
¶n¬ F¥m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v \n›-bn-°p-∂Xpw A√m-lp-Xs∂ Bhmt\
\nhr-Øn-bp-f-fq. ac-W-tØmSv IqSn a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√. HSp-
°-an-√mØ as‰mcp Pohn-X-Øn-te°p≈ {]bm-W-amWv sFln-I-Po-hn-Xw. B
Pohn-X-Øn-te°p≈ {]th-i-\-amWv ac-Ww. B PohnXw kpJ-I-c-am-Ip-∂-
Xn\v Bh-iy-amb kºØv Xøm-dm-°p-I-bs{X Cu Xm¬°m-enI Pohn-X-
Øns‚ e£y-ambn A√mlp \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu e£yw {]m]n-°p-∂-
Xn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw F{X-am{Xw hnP-bn-®n´p≠v˛ As√-¶n¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-ń-
´p-≠v˛ F∂v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Ahs‚ ac-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
At∏mƒ, ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw G¿s∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv \nß-fn¬sh®v IqSp-
X¬ \∂mbn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿ Bscm-s°-bm-sW∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥
th≠n-bm-sW∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw hy‡w Xs∂.
{]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Ah-kcw Pohn-X-Im-e-am-sW-¶nepw AXn\v hncm-
a-an-Sp-∂-Xpw, AXns\ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xpw ac-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ]co-£-
W-êw Xr]vXn-I-c-am-sW-¶n¬ kn≤n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ku`m-Kyhpw As√-
¶n-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Zu¿`m-Kyhpw Ah¿W-\o-b-am-Ip-∂p. B \ne°v Pohn-X-sØ-
°mƒ a\p-jy\v Nn¥m-hn-j-b-am-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv Ahs‚ ac-W-am-sW∂v ]d-
tb-≠X - n-√. BZyw ac-Ws
- Ø-°p-dn-®pw, ]n∂oSv Pohn-Xs
- Ø-°p-dn®pw A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-®Xpw CXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. F√m cl-ky-
]-c-ky-ßfpw Adn-bp∂ k¿∆-⁄-\m-Wt√m A√m-lp. F∂n-cn-s°, ]co-
£W êw F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Adn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠√ Ah≥ ]co-£Ww
\S- Ø p- ∂ - s X∂v kv ] jv S amIp- ∂ p. Cl- Ø n¬sh®v Hmtcm- c p- Ø \pw
bYm¿∞Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°p∂ \ne-]mSv F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v {]Xy-£-Øn¬
shfn-s∏´p ImWp-hm-\pw, AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-s‚bpw
t]cn¬ \S-]Sn FSp-°p-hm\pw th≠n-bm-Ip∂p AXv. ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬
as‰mcp bYm¿∞yw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
5044
!3! ASp-°p-I-fmb \ne-bn¬
Ggv BIm-i-ßsf krjvSn-®-h-
\mWv (A-h≥). ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-
bp-≈h- s‚ krjvSn-bn¬ bmsXmcp
G‰- ∏ ‰pw \o ImWp- I - b n- √ .
F∂m¬, \o (H-∂v) ZrjvSn aS(-°n-
t\m)-°pI: h√ ]nghpw \o ImWp-
∂pthm?!
4! ]ns∂bpw c≠v Bh¿Øn

\o aS(°n t\m)-°pI: \nµy-am-b-
\n- e - b n¬ \n∂n- t e- ° p- X s∂
ZrjvSn Xncn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv˛ AXm-
I-s´. ]c-h-is∏´Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
3! krjvSn®-h≥ Ggv BIm-i-ßsf ASp-°p-

I-fm-bn-´v, ASp°-Sp-°mbn (H-s∂m-t∂m-Sv) tbmPn-®p-sIm≠v \o ImWp-
I-bn√ ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-Is‚ krjvSn-bn¬ Hcp G‰-°p-
dhpw (ssh-I-ey-hpw) F∂m¬ \o aS(°n t\m)-°pI ZrjvSnsb
\o ImWp-∂p-thm, ImWptam h√ ]nghpw (Io-d-epw, s]m´pw)
!4! ]ns∂ \o aS°n (ho-≠pw) t\m°pI ZrjvSn-sb, IÆns\
c≠v Bh¿Øn ({]m-h-iyw) Xncn-®p-h-cpw, adn-™p-hcpw \n∂n-
te°v ZrjvSn, ImgvN \nµy-amb \ne-bn¬ (]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p-sIm-≠v)
AXv, AXm-Is´ ]c-h-i-s∏´ (Ip-g-ßn-b)-Xm-bn-cn°pw
"Ggv BIm-i-ßsf' (äGhÉª°S ™Ñ°S)-°p-dn®v \mw CXn-\p-apºv kwkm-

cn®p Ign-™n-´p-≠v. (kq: apAvan\q≥, 17 s‚bpw, kq: XzemIzv, 12 s‚bpw
hymJym\w t\m°p-I.) Ah H∂v H∂n-\p-aosX ASp-°-Sp-°mbn˛ AYhm
X´p-X-´mbn ˛ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂p-sh∂v A√mlp hy‡-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.
kq:lZo-Znepw CXns\∏‰n {]kvXm-hn®p ImWmw. kq: apAvan\q-\n¬ sh®v
\mw Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se, \mfn-Xp-hsc Hcp BIm-i-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn-
5045
t]mepw ¢n]vX-ambn \n¿W-bn-°p-hm≥ imkv{X-Øn\v Ign-™n-ń-√mØ
ÿnXn°v BIm-iß-fpsS FÆ-sØ-°p-dn-t®m, Ah-bpsS ASp-°pI-fpsS
kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dnt®m imkv{Xw-ap-tJ\ \ap°v kq£va-hn-h-c-ßƒ e`n-°p-
hm-\n-√. temI-{k-jvSm-hmb A√mlp krjvSn®p \nb-{¥n-®p-t]m-cp∂ Ah-
sb-°p-dn®v Ah-≥ hy‡-amb `mj-bn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≈ GsXmcp Imcyhpw
A∏Sn hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ imkv{X-Øn-s‚tbm at‰m A\p-aXn \ap°v Bh-iy-
hp-an-√. ùXn-Ih - o-£W - t- Im-Wn¬ IqSn t\m°p-tºmƒ, imkv{X-Øns‚ ]ptcm-
KXn hfsc hºn-®-Xm-sW∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ \ap°v X¿°-an-√. ]t£, A√m-
lp-hns‚ krjvSn cl-ky-ß-fm-Ip∂ A\-¥-bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-fpsS apºn¬
AXns‚ ÿm\w˛ AsX{X hºn-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂m-epw˛ tIhew \n m-c-am-Ip-
∂p. Ó«∏b ’EG º∏©dG øe ºà«JhCG Éeh (\n-ßƒ°v Adn-hn¬\n∂pw Aev]-a-√msX \evI-
s∏-ń-ń-√. 17 : 85)
ta¬t]m´v IÆp-an-gn®v t\m°p-tºmƒ F√m-h¿°pw ImWm-hp∂ Hcp

hºn® \oe-°pS F∂v am{Xw BIm-i-sØ-∏‰n a\- n-em-°nb ]ma-c≥am-sc-
bpw, D]-{K-l-ßfpw _ln-cm-Im-i-hm-l-\-ßfpw D]-tbm-Kn®p N{µ-\nepw a‰pw
\nco-£Ww \S-Øn-hc - p∂ alm-ho-c≥am-sc-bpw, BIm-ia
- W - vUe - Ø
- n¬ ÿnXn-
sN-øp∂ tImSm-\p-tImSn \£-{X-tKm-f-ß-sf-°p-dn®v AXy¬`p-X-I-c-ßfmb
\nc-h[n hnh-cß - ƒ tiJ-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ imkv{X-tI-kc - n-Is- f-bpw, F∂p-
th≠ Hmtcm a\p-jy-hy-‡n-sbbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp Dd-∏n-
®p-]-d-bp∂p: ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mb Ahs‚ krjvSn-bn¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw
Fs¥-¶nepw G‰-°p-dthm sshI-eytam ImWm≥ \nßƒ°v Ign-bp-I-bn-s√-
∂v. A{Xbpw ]d™p aXn-bm-°p-∂n-√. AXn¬ s]mt´m s]mfntbm t]mep≈
h√ t]mcm- b v a bpw Dt≠m F∂v ho≠pw ]cn- t im- [ n®p t\m°p- h m≥
Bh¿Øn®p Blzm\w sNbvIbpw sNøp-∂p. t]mcm, \nßƒ ]cm-Pn-X-cmbn
]c-h-i-s∏-´p-sIm≠v ]n≥a-S-ßp-I-Xs∂ th≠n-h-cp-sa∂v JWvUn-X-ambn
{]Jym-]n-°p-II - qSn sNøp-∂p. Cu {]Jym-]\ - sØ adn-IS- °
- p-hm≥ _p≤n-bp≈
˛a-\- m-£n-bp≈˛ h{I-X-bn-√m-Ø˛ ùXn-I-{à-Øm¬ lrZbw ac-hn-°mØ
˛GsX-¶nepw Hcp hy‡n°v km[n-°ptam? Hcn-°-ep-an√! BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-e-
S-ßnb hnhn[ cl-ky-ß-sf-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥th≠n A{im-¥-]-cn-
{i-a-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw, AtX-k-a-bØv Ah-bpsS I¿Øm-hn-
s\-°p-dn-®pw, Ah-bpsS ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ AZriy alm-i-‡n-sb-°p-
dn®pw am{Xw Nn¥n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bfp-Iƒt°m, \·-amb
bmYm¿∞y-ß-fpsS t\sc \n -t¶mNw IÆ-S®p \ntj[n°p-hm≥ ss[cy-
s∏-Sp∂ lrZ-b-iq-\y≥am¿t°m A√msX Cu {]Jym-]-\-Øn\v apºn¬ Xe-
Ip-\n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-a√ - X
- s
- ∂. A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-Øn-\p≈ as‰mcp
ZrjvSm-¥-amWv ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv:˛
5046
! 5! Xo¿®- b mbpw G‰hpw
ASpØ BIm-isØ (\-£-{X)
hnf-°p-IƒsIm≠v \mw Ae-¶-cn-
®n-´p-≠v.
Ahsb \mw ]nim- N p- ° sf
Fdn-™m-´p-∂-hbpw B°n-bn-cn-
°p- ∂ p. Ah¿°v Pzen- ° p∂
A·n [\cI] in£ \mw Hcp-°n-
sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
5! Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ae-¶c
- n®n (`w-Kn-bm-°n-bn)-´p≠v
G‰hpw ASpØ (sF-ln-I-am-b) BIm-isØ Zo]-ßƒsIm≠v
Ahsb \mw B°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p Fdnb-s∏-Sp-∂-h,
Fdn-bm-\p-≈Xv ]nim-Np-°ƒ°v, ]nim-Np-°sf Ah¿°v
\mw Hcp-°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p Pzen-°p∂ A·n-bpsS
(\-c-I-Øn-s‚) in£
FÆ-a‰ \£-{X-ßsf A√mlp krjvSn-®n-´p-≠v. `qan-sb-°mfpw
F{Xtbm aS-ßp-h-ep∏w IqSn-b-h-bpw, `qan-bn¬\n∂v _lp-Zqcw AIse
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-h-bp-amWv Ah. AYhm Hmtcm∂pw Hmtcm alm-tem-I-a-s{X.
\ap°v Duln-°p-hm≥t]mepw km[y-a-√mØ Fs¥m-s°tbm kw`-h-ß-fpw,
GsXm-s°tbm hkvXp-°fpw Ah-bn¬ \Sam-Sp-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AtXm-sSm-
∏w-X-s∂, `qan-°p-aosX hfsc Ia-\o-b-ambn \n¿an-°-s∏´ AXn-hn-im-ehpw
Iem-a-b-hp-amb Hcp ]¥-ens‚ apIƒ`m-KØv an∂n-Øn-f-ßn-bpw, IØn-tim-
`n-®pw-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Zo]m-e-¶m-c-ambpw A√mlp Ahsb B°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. IqSm-sX, BIm-i-Øp-sh®v ae-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \S-°p∂ Nne kwkm-
c-ßsf ]Xn-bn-cp∂v I´p-tIƒ°p∂ ]nim-Np-°sf Bń-tbm-Sn-°p-hm-\p≈
Hcp G¿∏mSpw B \£-{X-ßƒ hgn A√mlp sNbvXp-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AYhm
Ah-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ Hcp Xcw A·n-Pzm-e-I-fm-Ip∂ D¬°-Iƒaqew
]nim-Np-Iƒ Fdn-™m-´-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aß-s\, `qan°pw a\p-jy¿°pw Ae¶m-c-
h-kvXp-°f - m-bpw, ]nim-Np-°ƒ°v A·n-bº - p-If
- mbpw A√mlp Ahsb \n›-
bn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
G‰hpw ASpØ BImiw (É«f~dG AÉª°ùdG) F∂v ]d-™Xv `qan-bp-ambn

IqSp-X¬ ASp-ØXv F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-em-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ, \mw ImWp∂ \£-
{X-tKm-f-ß-sf√mw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv B Hcp BIm-i-Øn-em-sW∂pw Ggv
BIm-i-ß-fn¬ _m°n Bdpw AXn-\p-]p-d-sa˛ AXn-∂-∏p-dØv ˛ÿn-Xn-sN-
5047
øp-∂p-s≠-∂pw, a\p-jys‚ Ign-hn¬s]´ F√m \nco-£-W-ßfpw I≠p-]n-Sp-
Ø-ßfpw Cu Htc BIm-im-Xn¿Øn-°p-≈n¬ am{Xw \S-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw
CXn¬\n∂v Duln-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
ΩƒLQ (dp-Pq-av) F∂ hm°n-\mWv "Fdn-™m-´p-∂h' F∂v \mw A¿∞w
I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \£{X-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ D¬°-I-fm¬ ]nim-Np-
°sf Fdn-™m-´p∂ hnhcw kq: lnPv¿, kzm^v^mØv, Pn∂v apX-emb kqd-
Øp-If - n¬ Izp¿-B≥ hy‡-ambn {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈Xm-Wv, AXmWv Chn-sSbpw
kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°-sf√mw s]mXp-hn¬ AwKo-I-
cn® A¿∞hpw AXm-Wv. (*) GtXm Nne¿ am{Xw AXn\v "Dul-ßƒ' ˛A-
Yhm Dul-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-bh (ÉfƒæX) F∂v A¿∞w I¬]n®p ImWmw.
\£-{X-ß-fpsS KXn-hn-K-Xn-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n `mhn-Im-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw
a‰pw KWn®p ]d-bp∂ tPm’y-°m-cpw, cmin-t\m-´-°m-cp-am-Ip∂ a\p-jy-]n-
im- N p- ° - f psS Dul- ß ƒ°v \£- { X- ß ƒ CS- a m- b n- Ø o- c p∂p F∂mWv
At∏mƒ B hmIy-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. Cu A¿∞w kzoI-cn-®m¬ Xs∂bpw
Ah-aqew ]nim-Np-°ƒ Fdn-™m-´-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂p-≈-Xn\v Cu hmIyw Hcp-
{]-Im-c-Øn-epw FXn-cm-Ip-∂n-√. CXv Hcp hnjbw AXv as‰mcp hnj-bw. A{X-
am{Xw. ]nim-Np-°-fpsS I´p-tIƒhn-sb-bpw, Ahsc D¬°-IƒsIm≠v Fdn-
™m-´p-∂-Xn-s\bpw \ntj-[n-°p∂ bp‡n-hm-Z-°m-cmb Nne ]pØ≥ hymJym-
\-°m¿ Cu (ÉfƒæX F∂) A¿∞w s]m°n-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v B hnj-b-I-ambn
h∂n-´p≈ F√m Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøm-dp-≠v. Ch-sc-
∏‰n kq: lnPvdn\p-ti-j-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ \mw th≠{X kwkm-cn®p
Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS H∂pw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂n-√.
! 6! Xß- f psS c£n- X m- h n¬
- ¿°v "Pl-∂an' [\c-
Ahn-iz-kn-®h
IØn]s‚ in£-bp-≠v. (B) Xncn-
s®-Øp∂ ÿew hfsc NoØ!
7! Ah¿ AXn¬ CS-s∏-´m¬,

AXn\v Hcp K¿÷\w Ah¿
tIƒ°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-I-s´, Xnf-
®p-a-dn-™p-sIm-≠p-an-cn°pw!
(*) ºLQ (d-Pvav) F∂ [mXp-hn¬\n-∂p-≈-XmWv ΩƒLQ (dp-Pq-av). Cu [mXp-

hn\v "Fdn-bp-I, Fdn-™m-´pI, Fdn-™p-sIm-√p-I, Bń-tbm-Sn-°p-I, Xpc-
Øp-I, i]n-°p-I, iIm-cn-°p-I, Btcm-]n-°p-I, X≈n-°-f-bp-I, Duln-
°p-I, FøpI' F∂o A¿∞-ß-sf√mw hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. F√mw AXXv
kµ¿`w-sIm≠v a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
5048
8! D{K-tIm]w \nanØw AXv
(s]m-ń-®n-X-dn) th¿s]-´p-t]m-Ip-am-
dmIpw! Hmtcm-Iq´w (B-fp-Iƒ)
AXn¬ CS- s ∏- S p- t ºm- s gms°
AXnse ]mdm-hp-Im¿ Ah-tcmSv
tNmZn°pw: "\nßƒ°v Xm°oXv
\¬Ip∂ Bƒ h∂n-cp-∂nt√?'
!9! Ah¿ ]dbpw: "C√mtX!
Xo¿®-bmbpw Rßƒ°v Xm°oXv
\¬Ip∂ Bƒ h∂n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
F∂m¬, Rßƒ hymP-am-°p-I-
bmWv sNbvXXv; Rßƒ (A-htcm-
Sv) ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp: "A√mlp
bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-
ń√; \nßƒ hep-Xmb hgn-]n-g-hn-
e-√msX (a-s‰m-∂pw) A√.'
10! Ah¿ (ho-≠pw) ]dbpw:
Rßƒ tIƒ°p-I-tbm, _p≤n-
sIm-Sp(Øp a\- n-em)-°p-Itbm
sNbv X n- c p- ∂ p- s h- ¶ n¬, Rßƒ
(Cu) Pzen- ° p∂ A·n- b psS
Bƒ°m-cn¬ BIp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
11! Aß-s\, Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS Ip‰w (G-‰p-]-d-™p) kΩ-Xn-
°p-∂X- m-Wv. At∏mƒ, Pzen-°p∂
A·n-bpsS Bƒ°m¿°v hnZqcw
(A-Yhm im]w)!
6! Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°p≠v Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn¬
Pl-∂-ans‚ in£ hfsc NoØ Xncn®v (a-S-ßn)
FØp∂ ÿew !7! Ah¿ CS-s∏-´m¬ AXn¬ AXn\v
A-h¿ tIƒ°pw Hcp K¿P\w, Ae¿®, A´-lm-kw, D{K-izmkw
AXv Xnf-®p-a-dn-bpI- (t£m-`n-°p-I˛ s]m¥n-a-dn-bp-I)bpw sNøpw. !8!
AXv BImdmIpw th¿s]-´p-t]m-IpI D{K-tIm-]-Øm¬, ITn-
\-tIm]w \nanØw CS-s∏-Sp-tºm-sg√mw AXn¬, AXn-te°v
5049
Hcp Iq´w, kwLw Ah-tcmSv tNmZn°pw AXnse ]mdm-hp-Im¿,
Imh¬°m¿ \nßƒ°v h∂ncp∂n-t√, h∂nt√ Xm°o-Xp-Im-
c≥ !9! Ah¿ ]dbpw C√msX, (D-≠v) Xo¿®-bmbpw Rßƒ°v
h∂n-´p≠v Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ F∂m¬ Rßƒ hymP-am°n
Rßƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp A√mlp Cd-°n-bn-ń√ Hcp
hkvXphpw \nß-f√ hgn-]n-ghn (Zp¿am¿K-Øn)-e-√msX
hep-Xmb !10! Ah¿ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw Rß-fm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
Rßƒ tIń-cp∂p As√-¶n¬ _p≤n-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p, a\- n-cp-
Øn-bn-cp-∂p, {Kln-®n-cp∂p Rß-fm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√ Bƒ°m-
cn¬, Iq´-cn¬ Pzen-°p∂ A·n-bpsS, \c-I-Øns‚ !11!
Aßs\ Ah¿ kΩ-Xn-°pw, G‰p ]dbpw Xß-fpsS Ip‰sØ (]m-]-
sØ-)∏‰n At∏mƒ hnZqcw (im-]w), \miw Pzen-°p∂
\c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°m¿°v
kXy-\n-tj-[n-If - mb Ahn-izm-kn-Isf \c-IØ

- n¬ CSp-tºm-gsØ kµ¿`w
A√mlp hnh-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXyp-{K-amb DjvW-Xm-]hpw AXn-I-tTm-c-amb
tIm]-Xm-]hpw \nanØw kzbw s]mń-sØ-dn®p Nn∂n-®n-Xdnt∏mIp-amdv Xnf®v
han®v Fcn-s]m-cn-sIm-≈p∂ \cIw Ah-cpsS t\sc Ccºn K¿Pn°pw!
At∂cw Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fpsS A´-lm-k-hpw, `b-∏m-Spw, \ne-hn-fnbpw F¥m-bn-
cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. Hmtcm Iq´w Bfp-I-sfbpw \c-I-Øn-te°v
hen- ® n- S p- t ºmƒ Ah- t cm- S v AXnse DtZymK- ÿ ≥am- c mb ae- ° p- I ƒ
tNmZn°pw: "Cu in£-sb-°p-dn®v \nßƒ°v Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Bcpw
h∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂nt√?!' \c-I-Ønse DtZym-K-ÿ≥am-cm-I-s´˛ Ign™
A≤ym-b-Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se˛ Zb-tXm-∂mØ ]cpjkz-`m-hn-I-fpw, ItTm-
c≥amcpw (OG~°T ®ÓZ)! Cu tNmZyw Ahsc IqSp-X¬ hymIp-ec - m-°p-sa∂v hy‡-
am-Wv. Xß-fpsS ]°¬ h∂p-t]mb sX‰v Atß-A-‰sØ hn\-b-tØmsS
Ah¿ Xpd∂v kΩ-Xn-°pw. "Rßƒ°v Xm°oXv \¬Ip∂ {]hm-N-I≥am¿
hcm-Xn-cp-∂n-ń-√, F¶n-epw, Rß-f-hsc \ntj-[n®p X≈n-°-f-bp-Ibpw ]cn-
l-kn-°p-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Atøm! A∂v AXv tI´-\p-k-cn-°p-I-bpw, _p≤n
D]-tbm-Kn®v a\- n-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu A\p`-h-Øn\v CS-h-
cn-I-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p ........!' ]t£, Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ip‰-k-Ω-Xw-sIm≠v ê-
an-√-t√m. Imcp-Wy-Øns‚bpw, A\p-{K-l-Øn-s‚bpw IWn-I-t]mepw C\n
Ah¿°v {]Xo-£n-°p-hm-\n-√-mØ-hÆw hnZq-c-Ønepw im]-Øn-ep-am-W-h-cp-
≈-Xv. ¬∏dG ÉfPÉYG (A-√mlp \sΩ ImØp-c-£n-°-s´, Bao≥.) \c-I-Øn¬ {]th-
in-°p∂ Hcm-fpw-X-s∂, kz¿K-sØ-°mƒ \c-I-Øn-\mWv Xm≥ A¿l-s\∂v
5050
t_m[yw hcm-Ø-h-cp-≠m-I-bn-√, F∂v Hcp \_n hN-\-Øn¬h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
(A)
!12! \n›-b-am-bpw, Xß-fpsS
d∫ns\ AZr-iy-amb \ne-bn¬
`b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿, Ah¿°v ]m]-tam-
N-\-hpw, hep-Xmb {]Xn-^-ehpw
D≠v.
12! \n›-b-ambpw `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ Xß-fpsS d∫ns\
AZr-iy-amb \ne°v (Im-Wm-sX) Ah¿°p≠v ]m]-tam-N\w
hep-Xmb {]Xn-^-ehpw
A√m-lp-hns\ Atßm´v ImWp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Ah≥ Ctßm´v ImWp-∂p-

sh∂ t_m[-tØmsS h¿Øn-°p-I; kzIm-cy-Po-hn-X-Ønepw _mly-Po-hn-X-
Ønepw Hcp-t]mse kq£vaX ]men-°p-I, P\-t_m-[y-Øn\pw Io¿Øn°pw
th≠n {]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ in£-sbbpw
Iäp-ºn¬ I≠mte hniz-kn°q F∂v iTn-°msX e£y-Zr-jvSm-¥-ßƒ
aptJ\ bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ a\- n-em°n `b`-‡ntbmsS Pohn-°pI apX-em-b-
h-bmWv AZr-iy-amb \ne-bn¬ d∫ns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂X
- ns‚ e£-Wß
- ƒ. A√m-
lp-hns‚ XW-e-√msX as‰mcp XWepw e`n-°m-\n-√mØ B alm Zn\-Øn¬
Ah≥ XW¬ \¬In c£n-°p∂ Ggp-Iq-´-sc-∏‰n hnh-cn-°p∂ {]kn-≤-amb
lZo-Yn¬, \_n ˜ FÆn-bn-´p≈ c≠p-Iq-´¿ Ch-cm-Ip∂p:
(1) ÿm\-am-\hpw kuµ-cy-hp-ap≈ Hcp kv{Xo (Zp¿hr-Øn-°m-bn)
£Wn-®-t∏mƒ Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns\ b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂v ]d™p Hgn™pamdn-
b-h≥.
(2) h√ Zm\-[¿ahpw sNøp-tºmƒ he-tØssI Nne-h-gn-®Xv CS-

tØssI Adn-bm-Ø-hÆw Nne-h-gn-°p∂ ˛A-Yhm A{Xbpw cl-ky-ambn
[¿aw sNøp-∂˛ a\p-jy≥. (_p; ap.)
!13! \nßƒ \nß-fpsS hm°v

[kwkmcw] ]Xp-s°-bm-°n-s°m-
≈p-I, As√-¶n¬ AXv Dd-s°-bm-
°n-s°m-≈p-I. [c≠pw ka-am-Wv.]
(Im-c-Ww) \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥
[A√mlp] lrZ-b-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-sb-
∏‰n Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
5051
!14! krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-b-h≥
(F-√mw) Adn-bp-I-bnt√! Ah-\m-
I-s´, KqV-c-l-ky-a-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-
Wv; kq£va-⁄m-\n-bm-Wv.
13! \nßƒ clkyw (]-Xp-s°) B°p-hn≥ \nß-fpsS hm°v

(kw-km-cw) As√-¶n¬ AXns\ ]ckyw (D-d-s°) B°p-hn≥
\n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv s\™v (lr-Z-
bw)Ifn-ep-≈-Xns\ !14! Adn-bp-I-bn-t√, Ah≥ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°ptam
krjvSn-®-h≥, Ah≥ krjvSn-®-hsc Ah-\mIs´ KqV-am-
b-Xns\ (kq-£va-am-b-Xn-s\) Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv, kuay-am-bp-≈-h-\mWv
kq£va-⁄m-\n-bmWv
≥∏N øe º∏©j ’CG F∂ hmIy-Øn\v Ah≥ krjvSn-®p≠m°n-b-hsc Ah≥
Adn-bp-I-bnt√? F∂pw A¿∞w hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. c≠m-bmepw Dt±iyw
hy‡w Xs∂.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
! 15! Ah- \ s{X \nßƒ°v
(ssI-Imcyw \S-Øp-am-dv) `qansb
hnt[- b - a m- ° n- Ø - ∂ - h ≥. AXn-
\m¬ \nßƒ AXns‚ tXmfp-I-
fn-eqsS [D]-cn-X-e-Øn-eqsS] k©-
cn-°p-Ib
- pw, Ahs‚ (h-I) Blm-
c-Øn¬ \n∂v Xn∂p-Ibpw sNbvXp-
sIm-≈p-hn≥. Ah-¶-te-°p-X-s∂-
bmWv Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]pw.
15! Ah-\s{X bmsXm-cp-h≥, Ah≥ bmsXm-cp-h-\mWv

\nßƒ°v B°n-X∂ `qansb hnt[-b-am-bXv (]m-I-s∏-´-Xv)
AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ \S∂v (k-©-cn-®p) sIm≈p-hn≥ AXns‚ tXmfv
(h-iw˛ hgn˛ Kncn-am¿Kw˛ D]-cn-X-ew)Ifn¬IqSn Xn∂p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥
Ahs‚ Blmc (D-]P
- o-h\
- )-Øn¬\n∂v Ah-\n-te-°p-Xs∂
(D-bn¿Øp) Fgp-t∂¬]v
5052
btYjvSw hnl-cn-°p-hm\pw D]-Po-h-\-am¿K-ß-f-t\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
hm\pw DX-I-Ø-°-hÆw `qansb a\p-jy\v ]mI-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-∂n-´p-≈-Xns\
Hm¿an-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v, AXv D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ A√mlp \sΩ t{]m’m-
ln-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. F√mw A√mlp Xcpw F∂v IcpXn Ae-k-am-bn-cn-°-cp-
sX∂pw AXn¬ kqN-\-bp-≠v. AtX ka-bØv D]-Po-h-\-hn-j-b-Øn-epw,
kºm-Zy-Ønepw am{Xw {i≤ sNepØn `mhn-Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ Imcyw ad-°-cp-
sX∂pw Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
! 16! BIm- i - Ø p- ≈ - h - s \˛
Ah≥ \nßsf `qan-bn¬ BgvØn-
°-f-bp-∂-Xv˛ \nßƒ \n¿`-b-cm-bn-
cn-°p-Ib
- mtWm?! F∂m¬, At∏m-
gXv t£m`n®p CfIn adn-™p-sIm-
≠n-cn°pw!
17! AX-s√-¶n¬, BIm-i-
Øp-≈-h-s\˛ Ah≥ \nß-fpsS
ta¬ h√ Nc¬h¿jhpw Ab-°p-
∂-Xv˛ \nßƒ \n¿`-b-cm-bn-cn-°-
bmtWm?! F∂m¬, \nßƒ°v
Adn- b m- d m- I pw, Fs‚ Xm°oXv
Fß-s\-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v!
18! Xo¿®-bm-bpw, Ch-cp-sS
apºp-≈h - cpw hymP-am-°p-Ib- p-≠m-
bn- ´ p- ≠ v . F∂n- ´ v , Fs‚ {]Xn-
tj[w Fß-s\-bp-≠mbn?! [Ah¿
AsXm∂v Btem-Nn®v t\m°-s´.]
16! \nßƒ kam-[m-\-s∏-´p-thm, \n¿`-b-cmtbm BIm-

i-Øp-≈-hs\ \nßsf Ah≥ BgvØp-∂-Xn-s\, hngp-ßn-°p-
∂Xv `qan-bn¬, `qansb F∂m¬ At∏m-gXv ]nS-®p-a-dnbpw,
CfIn t£m`n-°pw, InSn-ew-sIm≈pw !17! AX-s√-¶n¬ \nßƒ kam-
[m-\-s∏´pthm, \n¿`-b-cmtbm BIm-i-Øn-ep-≈-hs\
Ah≥ Ab-°p-∂Xv \nß-fpsS ta¬ Nc¬ h¿jw, Nc¬ Im‰v
F∂m¬ \nßƒ°-dn-bm-dmIpw, hgnsb Adnbpw Fß-s\-bmWv
(F∂v) Fs‚ Xm°o-Xv, Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ !18! Xo¿®-bmbpw
5053
hymP-am°n Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-h¿ F∂n´v Fß-s\-bm-
bn, D≠mbn Fs‚ {]Xn-tj-[w, shdp∏v
AÉª°ùdG ‘ øe (B-Im-i-Øn-ep-≈-h≥) F∂v ]d-™Xv A√m-lp-hns\

Dt±-in-®m-Wv. ]t£, Ah≥ Ahs‚ krjvSn-bmb BIm-i-Øn¬ Hcn-SØv
Ccn-°p-I-bm-sWt∂m at‰m Cu hm°p-aqew Duln-°m-h-X-√. A√mlp A\m-
Zy- \ pw, A\- ¥ - \ pw, F√m- ‰ n¬\n∂pw hyXy- k v X - \ p- a m- W - t √m. A√mlp
A¿in≥ta¬ Btcm-lWw sNbvXp. (¢Tô©dG ≈∏Y iƒà°SG) F∂-Xv-t]m-se-bp≈
Hcp {]tbmKw Xs∂-bm-Wn-Xpw. CØcw {]tbm-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \mw CXn\v
apºv Nne-t∏m-sgms° kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-bpsS _mlym¿∞-a-√m-sX, Ah-
bpsS bmYm¿∞yw Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ \ap°v km[y-a-√. Fs¥-¶nepw
hymJym\w \¬In Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ DØ-ahpw kpc-£n-X-hp-
amb am¿Kw, hymJym\w A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v hnSp-I-bm-Ip-∂p. kq: kPZxbn¬
¢VQC’G ¤EG AÉª°ùdG øe ôeC’G ôH~j (A-h≥ BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v `qan-bn-te°v Imcyw \nb-
{¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AhnsS \mw {]kvXm-hn®
kwK-Xn-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
\nßfpsS \ntj-[hpw [n°m-chpw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°msX F∂pw

\nßƒ°nhnsS im¥-ambn Ign-™p-Iq-Sm-sa∂v Icp-tX-≠. Cu `qan t£m`n-
®n-fIn AXn¬ \nßsf BgvØn-°-f-bp-I-tbm, As√-¶n¬ Hcp Nc¬h¿jw˛
As√-¶n¬ Nc¬Im-‰v˛ Ab-®p-sIm≠v \nßsf \in-∏n-°p-Itbm sNøm≥
A√m-lp-hn\v H´pw {]bm-k-an-√. \nß-sf-t∏m-ep-≈-h-cn¬ Aßs\ ]eXpw
CXn-\p-apºv kw`-hn-®n-´p-ap≠v. \nß-fn¬ A{]-Im-c-ap≈ B]-Øp-I-sfm∂pw
kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v `bw IqSmsX \nßƒ kam-[m-\-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bmtWm?
B hnNmcw th≠ Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fpsS kmcw. Izmdq\pw
Ahs‚ `h-\hpw `qan-bn¬ BgvØ-s∏-´-Xpw, eqXzv \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X-
bpsS ta¬ Nc¬h¿jw D≠m-b-Xpw, IAv_x s]mfn-°p-hm≥ {ian® B\-∏-
´mfw I√p-I-fm¬ \in-∏n-°-s∏-´Xpw ta¬]-d-™-Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-W-t√m.
!19! Ah-cpsS aosX (Nn-dp-Ip-
hn-cp-Øn) AWn-\n-c-∂p-sIm-≠pw,
(Nn- d - I v ) Iqń- ∏ n- S n- ® p- s Im≠pw
]£n-Isf Ah¿ t\m°n-°-≠n-
ńt√?!
]c- a - I m- c p- W n- I - \ - √ msX (B-
cpw) Ahsb ]nSn®p \ndp- Ø p-
∂n√. \n›-b-am-bpw, Ah≥ F√m
hkvXp-sh-°p-dn-®pw, Is≠-dn-bp-∂-
h-\m-Ip-∂p.
5054
!19! Ah¿ I≠n-t√, t\m°p-∂nt√ ]£n-I-fn-te°v
Ah-cpsS aosX AWn\n-c-∂p-sIm-≠v, hcn-bm-bn´v Ah Iq´p-
Ibpw sNøpw, (Iq-ń-s°m-≠pw) Ahsb ]nSn®p \ndp-Øp-∂n√
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\-√msX \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ F√m
ImcysØ (h-kvXp-sh)-°pdn®pw I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv
CsX√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ A]m-c-amb Ign-hp-I-fpsS hy‡-amb ZrjvSm-¥-
ß-fm-W-t√m.
!20! AX-√m, Cß-s\-bp≈

Hcp-h≥˛ AXm-b-Xv, ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-
I-\m-bp-≈-h\v ]pdsa \nßsf
klm-bn-°p∂ \nß-fpsS Hcp ]´m-
f- a m- b p- ≈ - h ≥˛ Bcm- W p- ≈ Xv ? !
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ h©-\-bn¬ (A-
I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I) A√msX (a-s‰m-
∂pw) A√.
22! AX-s√-¶n¬, Cß-s\-
bp≈ Hcp- h ≥˛ AXm- b - X v,
Ahs‚ [A√m-lp-hns‚] Blmcw
Ah≥ \ndp- Ø n- s h- ® m¬ \nß
ƒ°v Blmcw \¬Ip- ∂ - h ≥˛
Bcm-Wp-≈Xv?! (B-cp-an-√.) F¶n-
epw, Ah¿ [n°m-c-Øn-epw, shdp-
∏nepw \nc-X-cm-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv.
22! At∏mƒ, apJw IpØn-a-
dn-™p-sIm≠v \S-°p-∂-h-\mtWm
IqSp-X¬ k≥am¿Kw {]m]n-®-h≥,
AX-√, t\sc-bp≈ ]mX-bn-eqsS
icn°v \S-°p-∂-ht\m?!
20! AX√ (A-X-s√-¶n¬˛ AY-hm) BcmWv Ch≥ (C-ß-s\-

bp-≈-h≥) AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah≥ \nßƒ°v ]´m-f-
am-Wv, ssk\y-amWv \nßsf klm-bn-°p∂ ]c-a-Im-cp-
5055
Wn-I\v ]pdsa (Iq-Sm-sX) Ahn-izm-kn-I-f√ h©-\-bn-e-
√msX !21! AX√ Ch-\m-cmWv AXm-bXv \nßƒ°v
Blmcw (D-]-Po-h-\w) \¬Ip∂ Ah≥ \ndp-Øn-bm¬, ]nSn-®p-sh-
°p-∂-]£w Ahs‚ Blmcw (F-¶n-epw) F∂m¬ Ah¿ \nc-X-
cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p, iTn®p-\n¬°p-I-bmWv [n°mc (A-Xn-{I-a)-Øn¬
shdp-∏n-epw, Ad-∏nepw !22! At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬) \S-°p-∂-ht\m
adn™p (I-an-gv∂p) hoWp-sIm≠v Xs‚ apJ-Øn≥ta¬ (apJw
IpØn) IqSp-X¬ k≥am¿Kw (t\¿h-gn) {]m]n-®-h≥ AX√
(A-tXm) \S-°p-∂-ht\m icn°v, t\sc ]mX-bn-eqsS
t\¿°p-t\-sc-bp-≈, sNm∆mb
kmcw: A√mlp A√mØ H∂n-s\bpw Bcm-[n-®n´v bmsXmcp ê-hp-an-

√. Bcn¬\n∂pw Hcp klm-bhpw Ah¿°v {]Xo-£n-°p-hm-\n-√. A√m-lp-
hns‚ in£-bn¬\n∂v Ahsc klm-bn-°p-hm≥ X° GsXmcp tk\-bmWv
Ah¿°p-≈Xv! Bcp-an-√, ]t£, Ah¿ h©n-X-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-am-{X-am-Wv.
A√mlp Ah¿°v \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ D]-Po-h\ - a
- m¿Kw Ah≥ \ndp-Ø¬
sNbvXp-sh∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. F∂m¬ ]ns∂ Ah¿°v Blm-c-Øn\v hI-
\¬Ip-hm≥ thsd Bcp≠v?! Bcp-an-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CsX√mw Ah¿°v
Btem-Nn-®-dn-bm-hp∂ kv]jvS-amb bmYm¿∞y-ß-f-s{X. F∂n´pw Ah¿
kXysØ [n°-cn-®pw, shdpØpw sIm≠p-Xs∂ Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-Ib - m-Wv. ]ns∂
Fß-s\-bmWv Ah¿°v c£-In-´pI?! t\¿°p-t\sc sNm∆mb am¿K-Øn-eqsS
icn°v \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-cpw, h{I-amb hgn-bn-eqsS apJw IpØn-a-dn™pw
hoWpw-sIm≠v t]mIp-∂-hcpw Hcn-°epw ka-am-Ip-I-bn-√-t√m. Ch-cn¬
BcmWv D±n-jvS-ÿm-\Øv FØn-t®-cpI F∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. CXp-t]m-se-
bmWv kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS-bpw, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw ÿnXn-bpw.
! 23! (\- _ n- t b) ]d- b pI:

"\nßsf (kr-jvSn-®v) D≠m-°p-I-
bpw, \nßƒ°v tIƒhn- b pw,
ImgvN-I-fpw, lrZ-b-ßfpw G¿s∏-
Sp-Øn-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-\s{X
Ah≥ [A√m-lp]. \s∂-°p-dt®
\nßƒ \µn-sN-øp-∂p-≈q.
5056
!24! ]d-bpI: "\nßsf `qan-
bn¬ s]cp- ∏ n- ® p- ≠ m- ° n- b - h ≥
Ah- \ - s {X. Ah- \ n- t e- ° v - X s∂
\nßƒ Hcp-an®p Iq´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.'
25! Ah¿ [Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ]
]d-bp∂p: "Ft∏m-gmWv Cu (H-cp-
an®p Iq´p-sa-∂) hmKvZm\w? ˛\n-
ßƒ kXy- h m≥am- c m- s W- ¶ n¬
(tIƒ°-s´)!'
26! ]d-bpI: \n›-b-ambpw
(B) Adnhv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬
am{X-am-Ip-∂p, Rm≥ kv]jvS-amb
Hcp Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ am{X-am-Wv.
23! \o ]d-bpI Ah≥ bmsXm-cp-h≥ \nßsf D≠m-

°nb (kr-jvSn-®), Dev]-Øn-bm-°nb \nßƒ°v G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cp-
Ibpw tIƒhn ImgvN (IÆpIfpw) lrZ-b-ßfpw
Ft¥m (\-s∂) Ipd®v (am-{Xw) \nßƒ \µn-Im-´p∂p (sN-øp-∂p)
!24! \o ]d-bpI bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah-\s{X \nßsf s]cp-∏n-
®p-≠m-°nb `qan-bn¬ Ah-\n-te°v (X-s∂) \nßƒ Hcp-
an®p (ti-J-cn-®p) Iq´-s∏-Sp∂p !25! Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p Ft∏m-gmWv
Cu hmKvZm\w \nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ kXy-hm≥am¿ !26!
\o ]d-bpI \n›-b-ambpw Adnhv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ (am-
{Xw) BIp∂p \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ Hcp Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ (am-
{Xw) kv]jvS-amb
F√m-h-scbpw Hcp-an®p Iq´p∂ B Znhkw Ft∏m-gmsW∂v A√m-lp-hn\v
am{Xta Adn-bp-Ib
- p-≈q. F\nt°m a‰m¿s°-¶n-eptam AX-dn-bp-Ib
- n-√. Fs‚
Npa-Xe \nßsf hy‡-ambn Xm°oXv sNø¬ am{X-am-Wv. ]t£, Hcn-°¬
AXv A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-bn-t°-≠. AXns‚ ka-b-sØ-
°p-dn-®-√, AXns\ XpS¿∂p-≠m-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ `hn-jy-Øp-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv
\nßƒ At\z-jn-t°-≠Xv F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. B Znhkw Bk-∂`m-hn-bn¬
hs∂-Øp-sa∂ Imcyw Dd-∏m-b-Xp-sIm≠v AXv kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ Ahcn-ep-
≠m-Ip∂ {]Xn-I-c-W-ß-sf∏‰n `qXIm-ecq]Øn¬ A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:-
5057
! 27! F∂m¬, Ah¿ AXv
kao-]n-®-Xmbn I≠-t∏mƒ (B)
Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-cpsS apJ-ßƒ°v
æm\X _m[n®p! (A-h-tcm-Sv) ]d-
b- s ∏- S p- I bpw sNbv X p: \nßƒ
bmsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®v hmZn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cp-∂pthm AXs{X CXv.
27! Aßs\ Ah-cXv I≠-t∏mƒ kao-]-Øv, ASp-Ømbn

æm\-am-°-s∏´p (h-j-fm-bn˛ Idp-Øv˛ ZpxJ-s∏-´p) bmsXmcp
Iq´-cpsS apJ-ßƒ Ahn-iz-kn® ]d-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp
CXm bmsXm-∂pw, bmsXm∂v CXs{X AXn-s\-°p-dn®v \nß-fm-bn-cp∂p
hmZn-°pw, hnfn-®m-h-iy-s∏-SpI
B kµ¿`w A{X-hn-Zq-c-sam-∂p-a-√. h∂p Ign-™p-sh-∂p-Xs∂ ]d-bmw,

AX-h¿ ImØn-cp-∂p-sIm-≈s´ F∂mWv `qX-Im-e-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ Cu {]tbm-
K-Øn-e-S-ßnb kqN-\. ¿ƒY~J F∂ hm°n\v "hmZn-°pI' F∂pw "hnfn-®m-h-
iy-s∏-SpI' F∂pw A¿∞w hcmw. A¥y-\m-fn-s\-°p-dn®v X¿°n®pw hmZn®pw
Ign-bp-∂-h-cpw, F¥mWv AXv h∂p ImWm-Ø-sX∂v ]cn-lm-k-]q¿∆w [rXn-
Iq-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wt√m Ah¿.
!28! ]d-bpI: "\nßƒ I≠p-

thm, Fs∂-bpw, Fs‚ IqsS-bp-
≈-h-scbpw A√mlp \in-∏n-°p-I-
tbm, As√- ¶ n¬ Rßƒ°v
Ah≥ Icp- W - s N- ø p- I tbm
sNbvXm¬,
F∂m¬ BcmWv thZ-\-tb-
dnb in£-bn¬\n∂v Ahn-izm-kn-
Iƒ°v c£ \¬Ip-∂Xv? [CsXm
∂v ]d-bp-hn≥]!
!29! ]d-bpI: "Ah≥ ]c-a-Im-

cp-Wn-I-\s{X; Ah-\n¬ Rßƒ
hniz- k n- ® n- c n- ° p∂p; Ahs‚
ta¬Xs∂ Rßƒ `c-ta¬]n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'
5058
F∂m¬, (A-Sp-Øv) \nßƒ°v
Adn-bm-dmIpw: kv]jvSa
- mb hgn-]n-
g-hn¬ Bcm-Wp-≈Xv F∂v!
!28! \o ]d-bpI \nßƒ I≠pthm (]-d-bp-hn≥) Fs∂

\in-∏n-®m¬ A√mlp Fs‚ IqsS-bp-≈-h-scbpw As√-
¶n¬ Ah≥ Rßƒ°v IcpW (Z-b) sNbvXm¬ F∂m¬ B¿ c£n-
°pw, Im°pw Ahn-izm-kn-Isf in£-bn¬\n∂v thZ-\-
tb-dnb !29! \o ]d-bpI Ah≥ ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mWv
Rßƒ Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p Ahs‚ ta¬Xs∂ Rßƒ
`c-ta¬]n-°bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v Adn-bm-dm-
Ipw, hgnsb Adnbpw B¿, GsXm-cp-h-\mWv Ah≥ hgn-]n-ghn
(Zp¿am¿K-Øn)-emWv kv]jvS-am-b, hy‡-amb
Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]te-S-ß-fnepw ImWm-hp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Chn-sSbpw CXn-\p-

ap-ºp≈ Nne hN-\ß - f- nepw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]c-aI - m-cp-Wn-I≥ ( øªMôdG) F∂
\maw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. Ahs‚ Imcp-Wym-[n-IysØ
A\p-kva-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw, ]m]n-Iƒ ]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßp-∂-]£w
Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ \ncm-i°v Ah-Im-ia - n-s√∂v Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ib- pamWv
Ah sNøp-∂-Xv.
!30! ]d-bpI: "\nßƒ I≠p-
thm, \nß-fpsS sh≈w h‰n-b-Xm-
bn-Øo¿∂m¬, BcmWv \nßƒ
°v Hgp- I p∂ (D- d - h v ) sh≈w
sIm≠p- h ∂p XcpI? (]- d - b p-
hn≥)!
30! ]d-bpI; \nßƒ I≠pthm Bbn-Øo¿∂m¬

\nß-fpsS sh≈w h‰n-b-Xv, hc-≠Xv F∂m-em-cmWv \nßƒ°v
sIm-≠p-h-cpI sh≈w Hgp-In-h-cp-∂, Dd-hv, s]mSn-™p-h-cp∂
A√m- l p- h - √ msX Bcp- a n- s √∂v hy‡w. km[m- c W ]Xn- h n¬
Ihn™p Ipd®v Znh-k-ß-tfmfw ag-s]-øm≥ Xma-kn-®m-esØ IY \ap-s°-
√m-h¿°pw Adn-bm-a-t√m. Hcp-]-t£, InWdpw Ipfhpw Bgw-Iq-ń-tbm, ]ºv
D]-tbm-Knt®m Nne Znh-k-ßƒIqSn Ign-®p-Iq-´m-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. F∂m¬,
5059
BIm-i-Øv-\n∂v ag s]øp-hm≥ Zo¿Ln-®p-t]m-bm¬˛ As√-¶n¬ `qan-bnse
Cu¿∏hpw Ddhpw DW-ßn-t∏m-bm¬˛ CXp-sIm-s≠m∂pw {]tbm-P-\-an-√-t√m.
A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v \µn sNøp-I-bpw, Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf
{]tbm-P\
- s
- ∏SpØp-Ibpw sNøp∂ _p≤n-am≥am-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ah≥ \sΩ-
sb√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh
5060
`mKw 29 º∏≤dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 68 Izew
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
º∏≤dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
68. kqdØp¬ Izew

a°x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 52 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv) 2
Øn¬.
1!"\q≥'.t]\ X-s∂-bm-
W, Ah¿ (F-gp-Xn) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂Xpw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
! 2! (\- _ n- t b) \ns‚
d∫ns‚ A\p- { K- l w- s Im≠v \o
{`m¥-\-√.
!3! \n›-b-am-bpw, \n\°v
apdn-™p-t]m-ImØ [\nc-¥-c-amb]
{]Xn-^-ehpw D≠v.
!4! \n›-b-am-bpw, \o al-

Ømb Hcp kz`m-h-Kp-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-
Sn-bmWv (D-≈-Xv).
5! F∂n-cn-s°, hgnsb
\o I≠-dn-bp-∂X
- mWv; Ahcpw I≠-
dnbpw:
6! \nß-fn¬ BcnemWv
Ipg∏w ]nSn-s]-´-h≥ (D-≈-Xv) F∂v!
5061
!1! "\q≥' t]\ X-s∂-bmW Ah¿ tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Øp∂ (F-gp-Xp-∂)Xpw Xs∂-bmW !2! \o A√ \ns‚
d∫ns‚ A\p-{K-lw-sIm≠v {`m¥≥ !3! \n›-b-ambpw \n\-
°p- ≠ v - X m\pw {]Xn- ^ ew apdn- ° - s ∏SmØ, apdn- b m- Ø ,
Zm£nWyw FSp-Øp-]-d-b-s∏-SmØ (D-Zm-c-am-b) !4! \n›-b-ambpw \o
Hcp kz`m-h-Kp-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv, kz`m-h-Øn¬ Xs∂ al-
Ømb !5! F∂m¬ (A-Xn-\m¬) hgnsb \o I≠-dnbpw
Ahcpw I≠-dnbpw !6! \nß-fn¬ Bcn-emWv Ipg∏w ]nSn-s]-
´-h≥ (Nn-Ø-{`-a-ap-≈-h≥)
Bcw-`-Øn¬ ImWp∂ ¿ (\q≥) t]mse-bp≈ tIh-em-£-c-ß-sf-
°p-dn®v CXn\v apºv ]e {]mhiyw \mw kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-bpsS km£m¬
Dt±-iy-sa-¥m-sW∂v A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bm-sa-∂s{X AXns‚ Npcp-°w.
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n -sb-∏‰n apivcn°p-Iƒ ]e Btcm-]-W-ßfpw ]pd-
s∏-Sp-hn-°m-dp-≠-t√m. A°q-´-Øn¬ Nne-XmWv {`m¥-s\-∂pw, Pn∂ns‚ _m[
G‰-h-\m-sW∂pw a‰pw. Cu Btcm-]-WsØ A√mlp JWvUn-°p-∂p. am{X-
a-√, Xncp-ta\n A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ A\p-Kr-lo-X-\m-sW-∂pw, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
D∂-X-ÿm-\-ap≈ Bfm-sW-∂pw, hfsc al-Ømb kz`m-h-ssh-in-jvSy-tØm-
Sp-Iq-Snb Bfm-sW∂pw Akn-∂-Kv[-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. 5
Dw 6 Dw hN- \ - ß - f n¬ ImWp∂ {]h- N \w A[nIw Xma- k n- b m- s X˛
Ckvemans‚ hnP-b-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn˛ ]pe-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. AsX, Ipg∏w
˜
]nSn-s]-´Xv \_n -°-s√-∂pw, Ah¿°p-Xs∂bmsW∂pw Ah¿°v t_m[y-
am-bn.
t]\-sIm-≠pw, t]\ D]-tbm-Kn®p FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Imcy-

ßƒ ˛A-s√-¶n¬ enJn-Xß - ƒ ˛sIm≠pw kXyw sNbvXp-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp
apivcn°p-Isf JWvUn-®-Xv. t]\°pw Fgp-Øn\pw A√mlp Iev]n-®n-´p≈
{]m[m-\ysØ CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta\n °v H∂m-a-Xmbn Ah- ˜
X-cn® Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬Xs∂ º∏≤dÉH º∏Y (A-h≥ t]\-sIm≠v ]Tn-∏n-®p)
F∂v ]d-™n-´p-≈Xpw {]kvXm-hy-am-Wv. A√mlp Dt±-in-°p∂ GXv hkvXp-
sh- sIm≠pw Ah\v kXyw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¶n-epw, kXy-Øn-\mbn
Ah≥ D]-tbm-Kn® hkvXp-°-sf-∏‰n ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ, Ah Hcp Xc-
Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp Xc-Øn¬ {]m[m-\y-a-¿ln-°p-∂-Xpw, Nn¥°v hnj-b-
am-tI-≠-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. "t]\' (º∏≤dG) sIm≠v ChnsS Dt±iyw, a\p-jys‚
I¿a-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ D]-Ic - Ww GtXm AXm-Wv˛ F∂pw, Ah≥ "Fgp-
5062
Xp-∂Xv' (¿hô£°ùj Ée) F∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±iyw ae-°p-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂ I¿a-tc-J-I-fmWv F∂pw Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-
≠v. ]t£, \mw BZyw kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se, a\p-jy¿ Fgp-Xp-hm≥ D]-
tbm-Kn-°p∂ t]\-I-fpw, Ah¿ Fgp-Xp∂ enJn-X-ß-fp-amWv Dt±iyw
F∂p≈ A`n-{]m-b-amWv IqSp-X¬ hy‡hpw bp‡-hp-am-bn-°m-Wp-∂-Xv.
º∏YG ¬q∏dG
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS kz`m-h-KpWw Atß-A‰w D¬Ir-jvShpw
amXr-Im-]-c-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-≈-Xn\v A√mlp \¬Inb al-Ømb Hcp
km£n-]-{X-amWv 4 ˛mw hN-\w. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ -t]mepw
Ahn-SpsØ k¬kz-`m-hsØ {]iw-kn-°pam-bn-cp-∂p. "k¬kz-`m-h-ßƒ
]q¿Øn-bm-°p-hm≥th-≠n-Ø-s∂-bmWv Fs∂ \ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv' F∂v
Xncp-ta\n Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-´p-ap-≠v. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kz`mhsØ∏‰n At\z-
jn® Hcm-tfmSv BCimx (d) ]d-™Xv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p: "Xncp-ta-\n-
bpsS kz`mhw Izp¿-B\mbncp∂p.' (A; \.) k¬kz-`m-h-ambn Izp¿-B-
\n¬ Fs¥√mw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´pt≠m AsX√mw Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-
®n-cp-∂p˛ AYhm Izp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ k¬kz-`m-h-ß-fpsS
{]mh¿Øn-I-am-Xr-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-Xw˛ F∂v Xm¬]-
cyw. lZo-Yv-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpw, Ncn-{X-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ CXn\v [mcm-
f-°-W-°n¬ DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah Gsd-°psd ]cs°
Adn-b-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv. ]t£, Ime-{I-taW apkvenw kap-Zmbw Xncp-ta-\n-
bpsS kz`m-h-Kp-W-ßsf amXr-I-bm-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v AI-∂-I∂v t]mbn-
cn-°-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Xn‡-êw kap-Zmbw BI-am\w A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw!
BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn AlvaZv (d) D≤-cn® Hcp lZo-

Yns‚ kmcw C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw \S-
Øp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn-e-√msX Hcp `rXy-s\bm-I-s´, kv{Xosbbm-I-s´, a‰m-
sc-sb-¶nepamIs´ Xncp-ta\n ASn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-ń-√. c≠v Imcy-ßƒ°n-
S-bn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv A`n-{]mbw At\z-jn-®m¬ c≠n¬ sh®v IqSp-X¬
kuI-cy-{]-Z-am-bXv GtXm AX-√msX Ahn-Sp∂v Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I-bn-√˛
AXv Ip‰-I-c-am-bm-sem-gn-sI. Ip‰-I-c-am-sW-¶n-tem, as‰-√m-h-sc-°mfpw
A[nIw AXn¬\n∂v AI∂v \n¬°p-∂-h-\p-am-bn-cn°pw Xncp-ta-\n.
A√mlp _lp-am-\n® h√ Imcyhpw A]-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-]£w Ahn-sS,
A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n {]Xn-Imcw \S-Øp-sa-∂-√m-sX, kz¥w Imcy-Øn-\p-
th≠n BtcmSpw Ahn-Sp∂v {]Xn-Imcw sNøp-I-bn-√.'
5063
!7!\n›-b-am-bpw, \ns‚
d∫v Ahs‚ am¿Kw hn´p ]ng-®p-
t]m-b-h-sc-∏‰n \√-hÆw Adn-bp-
∂-h-\m-Ip∂p; k≥am¿Kw {]m]n-
®-h-sc-∏-‰nbpw Ah≥ \√-hÆw
Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv.
!8!BI-bm¬, hymP-am-
°p-∂-hsc \o A\p-k-cn-°-cp-Xv
!9! \o ab-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-
s∂-¶n¬ (\-∂m-bn-cp-∂p) F∂v
Ah¿ B{K- l n- ° p- I - b mWv;
F∂m¬ Ah-cpw ab-s∏-Sp-Øp-am-
bn-cp-∂p.
!7! \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v Ah≥ G‰hpw (\-√-h-
Æw) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv ]ng® (sX-‰n-b)-h-sc-∏‰n Ahs‚
am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v, am¿Kw hn´v Ah≥ \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-amWv
t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-®-h-sc-∏‰n !8! BI-bm¬ \o A\p-k-cn-
°-cpXv hymP-am-°p-∂-hsc !9! Ah¿ B{K-ln-°p-I-bm-Wv,
Xm¬]-cy-s∏SpI-bmWv \o ab-s∏-SpØn (hn-´p-hogvN sNbvXp˛ an\p-
°p-\bw kzoI-cn-®p) F¶n¬ F∂v F∂m¬ Ah¿ ab-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂-XmWv-
apivcn°p-If
- psS Bcm-[y-hk
- vXp-°s - f-∏‰n Bt£-]n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, Ah-
cpsS Zpcm-Nm-cß
- sf Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°pI F∂n-ßs\ Hcp A\p-c⁄ - \ \bw
kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v \_n Xncp-ta\n Ahn-SpsØ {]t_m-[-\-coXn A¬]w ab- ˜
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-]-£w, Ah¿ Xß-fpsS FXn¿∏n¬ hn´p-ho-gvN-sN-øp-I-bpw, Xncp-ta-
\n-sbbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw Ah-cpsS ]mń\v hnt´-°p-Ibpw sNømw F∂v
Ah¿ B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. ]t£, kXy-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬
hn´p-ho-gvN°v ]gp-Xn-√-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v B B{Klw hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-
sX∂v A√mlp \_n sb DW¿Øp-I-bm-Wv. aX-{]-t_m-[-\sØ hymP-am-°p- ˜
∂-hsc A\p-k-cn-°-cp-sX-∂pw, kXy-Øn¬ hn´p-ho-gvN-sNbvXv AXns\ If-¶-
s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-Wp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂-h-cmWv Ah-sc∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®-tijw,
XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\ß - f - n¬ Aß-s\-bp-≈h - cpsS Nne \oN kz`m-hß- sf A√mlp
Xpd-∂p-Im-´p-∂p. AØcw kz`m-h-ß-fp-≈-h-cpsS CwKn-X-ßƒ°v Hcn-°epw hg-
ß-cp-sX∂v ho≠pw \_n sb DW¿ØpIbpw sNøp∂p:˛ ˜
5064
!10! A[n-I-ambn kXyw
sNøp-∂-h-\pw, \nµy-\p-amb Hcm-
sfbpw \o A\p-k-cn-°-cp-Xv.
!11! IpØp-hm°v ]d-bp-

∂-h-\pw, Gj-Wn-bp-ambn \S-°p-∂-
h-\pw,˛
!12! \√ Imcy-Øn\v XS-

-°m-c-\pw, AXn-{I-an-bpw, alm-]m-
]n-bpw,˛
!13! AXn-\p-]p-d-sa, {Iqc-

\pw, Zpjv I o¿Øn t\Sn- b - h \pw
(AYhm icn-bmb ]nXm-hn-√m-Ø-h-
\pw),˛
! 14! (A- s X) Ah≥

kzØpw a°- f p- a p- ≈ - h - \ m- b - X n-
\m¬!
! 15! Ah\v \ΩpsS
"BbØp'Iƒ [thZ- e - £ y- ß ƒ]
HmXn- t °ƒ∏n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ - X m- b m¬
Ah≥ ]dbpw: "]q¿∆n-I≥am-cpsS
]pcm-W-I-Y-I-fmWv (A-h)' F∂v.
16! hgnsb Ah\v \mw
(B) Xpºn-ss°°v (A-Yhm \o≠
aq°n-\v) AS-bmfw sht®-°pw!
10! \o A\p-k-cn-°bpw sNø-cpXv -A-[n-I-ambn
kXyw sNøp∂ F√m-h-scbpw (H-cm-sf-bpw) \nµy-\m-b, \n m-c-\mb
!11! IpØp-hm°v ]d-bp-∂-h≥, Ip‰hpw Ipdhpw ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-∂-h≥ \S-°p-∂-h≥ Gj-Wn-bp-ambn !12! - X-S- -ap-≠m-

°p∂ (ap-S°w sNøp-∂)-h≥ \≥a-sb, \√ Imcy-Øn\v AXn-{I-
an, AXn-cp-I-S-∂-h≥ alm-]m]n !13! {Iqc≥, ZpjvS≥

5065
AXn-\p-tijw (]p-d-sa) Ip-{]-kn≤n t\Sn-b-h≥ (hy-`n-Nm-c-]p-{X≥˛ Pmc-
k-¥m-\w˛ A\y-Ip-Spw-_-tØmSv Hń-t®¿∂-h≥) !14! Ah≥ Bb-Xn-
\m¬ [\-ap-≈-h≥ a°fpw, ]p{X≥amcpw !15! HmXn-s°m-
Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah\v \ΩpsS BbØv (e-£yw˛ ZrjvSm-
¥w)Iƒ Ah≥ ]dbpw ]pcm-Wß
- ƒ, ]g-¶Y
- I
- ƒ ]q¿∆n-
I≥am-cpsS !16! (h-gn-sb˛ ASp-Øp) \ma-h\v AS-bmfw sh°pw
Xpºn-ss°°v (aq-°n-\v)
ÚæHh ∫Ée GP ¿Éc ¿CG (A-h≥ kzØpw a°-fp-ap-≈-h-\m-b-Xn-\m¬) F∂

hmIyw GXn\v Imc-W-am-bn-´mWv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ,
AXv c≠v aq∂v {]Im-c-Øn-em-Ip-hm≥ km≤yX ImWmw.
(1) ]Ømw hN-\-Ønse ™£J ’ (\o A\p-k-cn-°-cp-Xv) F∂ \ntcm-[-
{In-b-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-hmw. ta¬{]-kvXm-hn® Zp¿Kp-W-ß-fp-≈-h¿
kzØpw a°fpw A[n-I-ap-≈-h-cm-sW-∂p-sh®v Ahsc A\p-k-cn®p t]mI-
cpXv F∂mbncn°pw At∏mƒ Dt±-iyw. CXmWv IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn tXm∂p-
∂-Xv.
(2) ta¬I≠ Zp¿Kp-W-ßƒ Ah-cn¬ D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-hm-\p≈ Imc-

W-am-hmw. AXm-b-Xv, C{Xbpw \nIr-jvS-amb kz`m-h-ßƒ Ah-cn¬ D≠m-Ip-
hm≥ Imc-Ww, Ah¿°v Iptd kzØpw, a°fpw Ds≠-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.
(3) 15 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse ∫Éb (A-h≥ ]d-bpw) F∂ {Inb-bp-ambn

_‘-s∏´Xp-am-hmw. Nne¿ Aßn-s\bpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Ah¿°v thZ-
hm-Iy-ßƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-tºmƒ AXv ]g-©≥ h¿Ø-am-\-am-sW∂v
]d™p ]cn-l-kn®p X≈p-hm≥ ImcWw Ah¿°v [\hpw a°fpw Ds≠-
∂p-≈-XmWv F∂m-bn-cn°pw At∏mƒ kmcw.
A√m-lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-Isf hymPhpw ]g-©-\p-am-°n-Ø-≈p∂

ZpjvS≥amcpsS Fs´m-ºXv kz`m-h-ß-fmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp FSp-
Øp-Im-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂p-am{Xw Hcm-fn¬ D≠m-bm¬
Xs∂ AX-hs\ Atß-A‰w Zpjn-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mcp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ImWmw.
F∂n-cn-s°, F√mw-IqSn Hcm-fn¬ ktΩ-fn-°p-∂] - £
- w, Ah≥ {]Xy-£Ø - n¬
a\p-jy-cq-]n-bm-sW-¶nepw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ss]im-NnI kz`m-hn-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
\∂m-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂p≈ {]Xo-£°v ]ns∂ Ah-Im-i-an-√. am{X-a-√, Ah-\p-
ambn kl-hm-k-_‘w ]pe¿Øp-∂-hsc Ah≥ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
ÿm\-Øpw, Aÿm-\Øpw kXyw sNøp∂ ]Xnhv If-hp-]-d-bp-∂-h-cpsS
5066
e£-W-am-Ip-∂p. t\cmb Imcy-Øn¬t]mepw AXym-h-iyL´Øn-e-√msX
kXyw sNøp-∂Xv \∂-√. A[n-I-ambn kXyw sNøm≥ apXn-cp-∂-h-cpsS
Dt±iyw Xßƒ ]d-bp∂ Imcyw t{imXm-hn-s\-s°m≠v hniz-kn-∏n-°-em-bn-
cn-°p-at- √m. Xß-sf-∏‰n a‰p-≈h
- ¿°v hnizm-ka
- n-s√∂v Ah¿°v Xs∂ tXm∂n-
bn-´p-s≠-∂mWv CXns‚ A¿∞w. XpS¿∂p-]-d-™n-´p≈ Zp¿Kp-W-ß-sf-°p-
dn®v Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øns‚ Bhiyw ImWp-∂n-√.
"AXn-∂p-]p-dsa Ip{]-kn-≤n-t\-Sn-b-h\pw (º«fR ∂dP ~©H)' F∂p≈ Ah-

km- \ sØ hnti- j Ww ta¬]- d ™ F√m Zp¿Kp- W - ß ƒ°pw aIpSw
Nm¿Øp∂ H∂-s{X. C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse º«fR ("k-
\ow) F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w \oN-Xz-Øn¬ Ip{]-kn≤n t\Sn-b-h≥ F∂m-
sW-¶nepw hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬ P\n-®Xv \nanØw kz¥w Xd-hm-Sn-√msX GsX-
¶nepw Hcp Xd-hm-ńse hy‡n-bp-ambn ]nXr-]p-{X-_‘w ÿm]n-°-s∏-´-h≥˛
AYhm Pmc-k-¥m-\w˛ F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-emWv B ]Zw A[nIw D]-tbm-Kn-
°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-Xv. Pmc-k-¥m-\-ambn P\n-®Xv Ahs‚ Ip‰-a-s√-¶n-epw, NoØ-
bmb _oP-Øn¬\n∂v P\n-®-h-cn¬\n∂v ta¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-ep≈
Zpjn® k{º-Zm-b-ßƒ {]I-S-am-Ip-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp ]t£ ,
{]I- S - a m- b n- s √- ¶ nepw Ah- \ p≈ Ime- t Ømfw \oßn- t ∏m- I mØ Hcp
ZpjvIo¿Øn-bm-Wt√m AXv. Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, CXv
heo-Zp_v\p apKo-dx-sbtbm at‰-sX-¶nepw hy‡n-sbtbm {]tXyIw Dt±-in-
®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp {]kvXm-h\ - b
- m-bn-cp-∂mepw As√-¶nepw icn, CØ-c°- msc
hniz-kn-°p-hm\pw A\p-k-cn-°p-hm\pw ]mSn-s√-∂s{X A√mlp Cu hN-\-
ß-fn¬ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ßfpw ktµ-i-ßfpw HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-tºmƒ

Ah ]g-©-\m-sW-∂pw sI´p-I-Y-I-fm-sW∂pw ]d™p [n°-cn-°p-hm-\pw,
]cn-l-kn-°p-hm\pw [m¿jvSyw ImWn-°p∂ CØ-c-°msc ASp-Ø-`m-hn-bn¬
A√mlp ITn-\-ambn in£n-°p-I-bpw, F√m-h¿°pw ]c-ky-ambn ImW-Ø-
°-hn[w ÿnc-amb Hcp AS-bmfw Ah-cpsS apJ-Øv˛ aq°-Øv˛ AS-bm-f-s∏-
SpØn A]-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v Ah-km-\-ambn (16 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬)
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂p. "B \o≠-aq°v' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ]cn-lm-k-]q¿∆w
{]tbm-Kn-®-Xs{X "Xpºnss° (ΩƒWôÿG)' F∂ hm°v.
!17! \mw, (B) tXm´-

°msc ]co- £ Ww \S- Ø n-
bXpt]mse, Chsc (bpw) \mw
]co-£Ww sNbvXn-cn-°-bmWv:
5067
AXm-b-Xv, {]`m-X-th-f-bn-em-bn-
cns° Xßƒ \n›-b-ambpw AXv
[tXm´-Ønse ê-ßƒ] apdn-s®-Sp-
°p- ∂ - X m- s W∂v Ah¿ kXyw
sNbvXp ]d™ kµ¿`w.
18! Ah¿ Hgn-hm-°n-∏-
d-™n-cp-∂-Xp-an-√.
!17! \n›-b-ambpw \mw Ahsc ]co-£Ww sNbvXn-cn-°-
bmWv \mw ]co-£Ww sNbvX-Xp-t]mse tXm´-°msc
Ah¿ kXyw sNbvX kµ¿`w \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ AXv
apdn-s®-Sp°pw (êw ]dn-°pw) F∂v Ah¿ {]`mXthf-bn-em-bn-cns°
!18! Ah¿ Hgn-hm°n ]d-™-Xp-an-√.
Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ DZm-l-cn®p ]d™ tXm´-°m¿ GXm-sW∂v Xn´-

s∏-Sp-Øn-∏-d-bp-hm≥ \ap°v km≤y-a-√. ba-\n-ep≈ Hcp tXm´-°m-sc-∏-‰n-bm-
sW-∂pw, Ad-_n-Iƒ°v Ah-sc-°p-dn®v tI´-dn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Nne
hymJym-Xm-°ƒ {]kvXm-hn®p ImWp-∂p. kw`-h-Øns‚ kmam-\y-cq]w C{]-
Im-c-am-Ip-∂p: kZvhrØ\pw, DZm-c-io-e-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Hcm-fp-sS-Xm-bn-cp∂p
tXm´w, tXm´-Ønse ê-ßƒ ]dn-s®-Sp-°p-tºmƒ AXn¬\n∂v Hcwiw
At±lw km[p-°ƒ°v Zm\w sImSp-°pI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. êw ]dn-s®-Sp-
°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ AXn-\p-th≠n ]mh-ßfpw Zcn-{Z≥amcpw Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-
am-bn-cp-∂p. ]nXm-hns‚ ac-W-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ a°ƒ cwK-Øp-h-∂p.
]nXm-hns‚ \ne XpS-cp-hm≥ Ah¿ CjvS-s∏-ń-√. cm{Xn shfp-∏m≥ ImeØv
Bcpw Adn-bmØ êw ]dn-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ KqV-ambn XΩn¬ ]d-
™p-d-®p. Aßs\ Ah¿ tXm´-Øn¬ sN∂p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ tXm´w AXm
HcXymlnXw _m[n®p \nt»jw \in-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p; Ah¿ Xocm-Zpx-J-
Ønepw k¶-S-Øn-ep-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. CXmWv Npcp-°w. kw`-hØns‚ cq]-
hpw, AXn-e-S-ßnb ]mThpw Izp¿-Bs‚ hmIy-ß-fn¬\n-∂v-Xs∂ kv]jvS-am-
Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, tXm´w Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw a‰pw Adn-bp-∂-Xn¬
{]tXyI {]tbm-P-\-sam∂pw C√.
¿ƒæãà°ùj ’h (Ah¿ Hgn-hm-°n-∏-d-™n-cp-∂-Xp-an-√) F∂ hmIyw c≠p-

{]-Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.
(1) AXn-Im-eØv Bcpw Adn-bmsX êw ]dn-s®-Sp-°W - s- a∂v Ah¿

XΩn¬ ]d-™p-d-®-t∏mƒ "A√mlp Dt±-in-s®-¶n¬ (¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG)' Ft∂m at‰m
5068
Ah¿ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. Xß-fpsS Dt±iyw \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-hm≥
Xßƒ°v Xs∂ Ign-bp-sa∂v Ah¿ [cn-®p-I-f-™p. AYhm A√m-lp-hn-
s\-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[w Ah¿°v D≠m-bn√ F∂v kmcw. hymJym-X-m°-
fn¬ A[n-I-]-£hpw Cu hymJym-\-amWv kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
(2) km[p-P-\-ßƒ°v A¬]-`m-K-sa-¶nepw Hgn-hm-°n-s°mSpØv

_m°n Xßƒ°v FSp-°m-sa∂v \n›-bn-°msX apgp-h≥ ê-ßfpw
XßƒXs∂ FSp-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Xocp-am-\w.
!19! F∂n-´v, Ah¿ Dd-

ßp- ∂ - h - c m- b n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- s °,
\ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈
Hcp (in- £ m) _m[ AXns‚
[tXm´-Øns‚] ta¬ _m[n-®p.
!20! Aß-s\, {]`m-Xt- h-

f-bn¬ AXv apdn-s®-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xp-
t]mse Bbn-Øo¿∂p.
19! F∂n´v Np‰n, hebw sNbvXp, k©-cn®p (_m-[n-®p)

AXn≥ta¬, AXn\v Hcp _m[ (in-£m-h-e-bw) \ns‚
d∫n-¶¬ \n∂v Ah¿ Bbn-cns° Dd-ßp-∂-h¿ !20!
Aßs\ AXv {]`m-X-Øn-embn apdn-s®-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se, Ccp-fnb
cm{Xn-t]mse
cm{Xn Ah-sc√mw Dd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-

∂p≈ Hcp hºn® B]Øv tXm´-Øn\v _m[n-®p. AXv hºn® Npg-en-
°m-‰m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, CSn-Øotbm at‰m Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-
∂p. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw tXm´w apgps° \in-®p-t]m-
bn. Ëô°üdÉc F∂ hm°n\v "apdn-s®-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse' F∂pw, Ccp-ńb
cm{Xn-t]mse F∂pw A¿∞w ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ê-ß-sf√mw \in-®p-
t]mbn F∂v H∂m-a-tØ-Xn-\pw, tXm´w IØn-°-cn™v Icn-h¿W-ambn
F∂v c≠m-a-tØ-Xn-\pw kmc-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
5069
!21! F∂m¬, {]`m-X-th-
f-bn¬ Ah¿ At\ym\yw hnfn®p
]d™p:˛
!22!"\nßƒ (^-e-ßƒ)
apdn-s®-Sp°p (hm≥ Dt±-in-°p)-∂-
h-cm-sW-¶n¬, \nß-fpsS Irjn
ÿeØv \nßƒ ImeØv hcp-
hn≥' F∂v
!23!Aß-s\, Ah¿ ]Xp-
s°-∏-d™pw sIm≠pt]mbn:˛
!24! "\n›-bambpw AXn¬
[tXm´-Øn¬] Hcp km[phpw C∂v
\nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ {]th-in-°-
cpXv' F∂v.
!25! (km-[p-°-sf) apS°w
sNøm≥ Ign- b p- ∂ - h - c mbpw
sIm≠v Ah¿ ImeØv hcp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
26! Aß- s \, AXv
[tXm´w] I≠t∏mƒ Ah¿
]d™p: "\n›-b-ambpw \mw, ]ng-
®-h-cm-Ip∂p!˛
! 27! "(A- { X- b p- a - √ )
]t£, \mw hne-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv
[k¿∆w \jvS-s∏-´-h-cmWv]!'
21! F∂m¬ (F-∂n-´v) Ah¿ At\ym\yw hnfn®p (]-d-

™p) {]`m-X-th-f-bn-embpw sIm≠v !22! \nßƒ ImeØv
hcp-hn≥ F∂v \nßfpsS hnf-°¬ (Ir-jn-ÿ-e-Øv) \nß-
fm-sW-¶n¬ apdn-s®Sp°p-∂-h¿ !23! Aßs\ Ah¿ t]mbn
Ah¿ Hfn®p (]-Xp-s°) ]d-™p-sIm≠v !24! \n›-
b-ambpw AXn¬ IS°cp-sX∂v -C∂v \nß-fn¬, \nß-fpsS ASp-
°¬ Hcp km[p-hpw, ]mh-s∏´h≥ !25! Ah¿ (Im-e-Øv) t]mIp-
5070
Ibpw sNbvXp apS°w sNøm≥, D’m-l-tØm-sS, tIm]-tØm-sS,
Dut°msS Ign-hp-f-f-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v !26! F∂n´v Ah-cXv
I≠-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p \n›-b-ambpw \mw hgn-]n-g-®-h-cm-
Wv, sX‰n-t∏m-b-h-cmWv !27! ]t£ (A-{X-bp-an-√) \mw hne°
(ap-S-°˛ XS-b˛ \jvS)-s∏-´-h-cm-Wv, \n¿-`m-Ky-cmWv
{]`m-X-am-b-t∏m-tg°pw ]c-kv]cw hnfn®pw £Wn-®pw-sIm≠v Ah¿
]Xp-s°-∏p-d-s∏-´p. C°pdn km[p-°ƒ°v tXm´-Øn¬h∂v [¿aw hmßp-hm-
\p≈ Ah-kcw C√m-Xm-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ hnNm-c-tØmsS Ah¿ D’m-l-
]q¿hw tXm´Øn¬ hs∂-Øn. t\m°p-tºmƒ tXm´w BsI \in-®p-t]m-bn-
cn-°p∂p! \ap°v ]nghp ]‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ÿew amdn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p∂p
Fs∂ms° BZyw Ah¿°p-tXm-∂n. Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX Imcyw a\- n-em-
bn. Atøm! \ap°v k¿hw \jvS-s∏-´p-ht√m! \mw `mKyw-sI-´-h-cm-bt√m!
\ΩpsS Zp¿hn-Nmcw \sΩ A]-I-S-Øn-em-°n-bt√m! F∂n-ßs\ hne-]n-°p-
hm≥ XpS-ßn.
25 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v km[p-°sf apS°w sNøm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-cm-bpw-

sIm≠v ˛A-Yhm Ign-bp-sa∂ `mh-Øn¬˛ Ah¿ t]mbn F∂pw, Dt±iyw
\nhr-Øn-∏m≥ th≠p∂ Ign-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn hfsc D’m-l-]q¿∆w t]mbn F∂pw
a‰pw A¿∞w I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. F√mw kmc-Øn¬ ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-°p-
∂-Xp-X-s∂. tXm´-Øns‚ ÿnXn I≠-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ¿ƒdÉ° d ÉfEG (\mw hgn-]n-g-®-
h-cm-Wv) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw\ap°v hgn-]n-g®p ÿew amdn-t∏m-bn-cn-
°p∂p F∂pw, km[p-°sf XS-bp-hm≥ \msa-SpØ \S-]Sn sX‰m-bn-t∏m-bn˛
AYhm AXns‚ A\-¥-c-^-e-am-WnXv ˛F∂pw BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
!28! Ah-cn¬ IqSp-X¬

a≤y- a - \ mb [DØ- a - \ mb] Bƒ
]d™p: "Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-
™n- t √, \nßƒ "Xkv _ olv '
[kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w] sNøm-Ø-
sX-¥mWv' F∂v?!
! 29! Ah¿ ]d™p:

"\ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hn\v kvtXm{X-
Io¿Ø\w [Ahs‚ ]cn-ip-≤nsb
Rß-fnXm hmgvØp∂p]! \n›-b-
ambpw \mw A{I- a n- I - f m- b n-
Øo¿∂n-cn-°p∂p!'
5071
!28! ]d™p Ah-cn¬ a≤y-a≥ (D-Ø-a≥, anX-am-b-
h≥) Rm≥ ]d-™nt√ \nß-tfmSv \nßƒ Xkv_olv
sNøm-Ø-sX¥v, (sN-bvXp-Iq-tS) !29! Ah¿ ]d™p kvXpXn-
Io¿Ø\w hmgvØp-∂p, ]cn-ip-≤-am-°p∂p \ΩpsS d∫n-\v, d∫ns\
\n›-b-ambpw \mw Bbn-cn-°p∂p A{I-an-Iƒ
Ah-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ anX-Xzhpw acym-Zbpw D≈ Hcmƒ,

Xm≥ t\csØ D]-tZ-in-®n-cp∂ D]-tZiw Ah¿ sNhn-s°m-≈m-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-
sIm≠v t\cn´ `hn-jy-ØmWv CsX∂v Ahsc Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.
A√mlp \nßƒ°v X∂ A\p-{K-l-Øn\v \nßƒ Iqdpw \µnbpw ImWn-
t°-≠-Xm-Wv, Ahs‚ alXzw {]Io¿Ø\w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv, AXn\v ]Icw
\nßƒ ssIsIm-≈p-hm≥ t]mIp∂ Cu \ne-]mSv \∂√ Fs∂ms°
At±lw KpW-tZm-jn-®n-cp-∂p. Xßƒ sNbvXXv A{Iaw Xs∂-bm-sW∂v
Ah¿°v Ct∏mƒ t_m[yw h∂p.
! 30! Aß- s \, ]c-

kv]cw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-sIm≠v Ah-
cn¬ Nne¿ Nne- c p- s S t\sc
Xncn™p.
! 31! Ah¿ ]d™p:

"\ΩpsS IjvSta! \n›-b-ambpw
\mw AXn- c p- I - h n- ™ - h - c m- b n- c n-
°p∂p!
!32!"\ΩpsS d∫v \ap°v

CXn-s\-°mƒ DØ-aa - m-bX
- v ]-Icw
\¬In-tb-°m-hp-∂X- m-Wv, \n›-b-
ambpw \mw \ΩpsS d∫n-¶-te°v
B{Klw [At]£] ka¿∏n-°p-
∂-h-cm-Ip-∂p.'
! 33! A{]- I m- c - a mWv

in£! ]c-tem-I-in-£-bm-I-s´,
IqSp-X¬ hºn-®-Xpw-X-s∂. Ah¿
Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬!
5072
!30! Aßs\ ap∂n-´p, t\cn´p (Xn-cn-™p) Ah-cn¬
Nne¿ Nne-cpsSta¬ (t\-sc) At\ym\yw Ip‰-s∏-SpØn (B-
t£-]n-®p)-s°m≠v !31! Ah¿ ]d™p \ΩpsS \mi-ta, IjvSta
\n›-b-ambpw \mam-bn-cn-°p∂p AXn-cp-I-hn-™-h¿, [n°m-cn-Iƒ
!32! Btb°mw \ΩpsS d∫v \ap°v ]Icw XcpI
AXn-s\-°mƒ \√-Xv, DØ-a-am-bXv \n›-b-ambpw \mw \ΩpsS
d∫n- ¶ - t e°v B{Klw ka¿∏n- ° p∂ (A- t ]- £ n- ° p- ∂ - h - c m- W v )
!33! A{]-Im-c-amWv in£ ]c-tem-I-in-£-bm-
Is´ G‰hpw hep-Xv, hºn-®Xv (X-s∂) Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
Adnbpw
Cl-Øn¬sh®v Ah¿°v A\p-`-h-s∏´ ssZhnI in£-bm-Wn-Xv.
[n°m-cn-Iƒ°v Cl-Øn¬sh®v e`n-t®-°p∂ in£ Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-Wv.
F∂m¬, AXn-s\-°mƒ F{Xtbm hºn-®-Xm-bn-cn°pw ]c-tem-IØv sh®v
e`n-°p∂ in£. P\-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ F{X
\∂m-tbt\! F∂m¬ Ah¿ Hcn-°epw ZpjvsN-bvXn-Iƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-Ip-am-
bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂v kmcw.
tXm´-°m-cpsS kw`hw hnh-cn-®t- i-jw, Ahn-izm-kn-If

- psS Hcp ]ng®
[mc-W°v A√mlp ASp-Ø-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂p. Rß-fm-Wt√m
tXm´-ßƒ apX-emb [\-k-º-Øp-Iƒ [mcm-f-ap-≈-h¿; apkvenwIƒ Rß-
sf-°mƒ DØ-a≥am-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°t√ IqSp-X¬ kpJhpw kºØpw
D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv?! ac-Wm-\-¥cw Hcp Pohn-X-ap-s≠-¶n¬, Rßƒ°v Ahn-
sS-sh®pw CXp-t]mse Ch-sc-°mƒ kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-
bn-√. Fs∂ms° Ah¿ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C°m-eØv Nne Bfp-Iƒ,
Xßƒ°v e`n-°p∂ sFlnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ Xß-fpsS \∑-bpsS e£-
W-ambn Icp-Xm-dpw ka¿∞n-°mdpw D≠v. Chcpw Xmsg ImWp∂ hN-\-
ßƒ a\- n-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!34! \n›-b-ambpw `b-`-
‡≥am¿°v Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-
hns‚ ASp-°¬ kpJm-\p-{K-l-
Øns‚ tXm∏p- I ƒ D≠m- b n- c n-
°pw.
5073
!35! F∂m¬, "apkvenw'
Isf \mw Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-t∏mse
B°p-Itbm?!
!36! \nßƒs°-¥m-Wv,
F{]- I m- c - a mWv \nßƒ hn[n-
I¬]n-°p-∂Xv?!
!37! AY-hm, \nßƒ°v

h√ {KŸhpw Dt≠m, \nß-f-Xn¬
(hm-bn-®p) ]Tn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
amdv?˛
!38! \nßƒ (b-tY-jvSw)

Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xv \n›-b-ambpw
AXn¬ [B {KŸ- Ø n¬]
\nßƒ°p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v!
! 34! \n›- b - a mbpw kq£v a - X - b p- ≈ - h ¿°p (`- b - ` -

‡≥am¿°p)≠v Xß-fpsS d∫n-¶¬ kpJm-\p-{K-l-Øns‚
tXm∏p-Iƒ, kz¿K-ßƒ !35! F∂m¬ (A-t∏mƒ) \mw B°p-Itbm
apkvenwIsf Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-t∏mse !36! \nßƒs°-
¥m-Wv, F¥p-]‰n F{]-Im-c-amWv \nßƒ hn[n-I¬]n-°p∂p
!37! AYhm (A-X-√m) \nßƒ°pt≠m Hcp {KŸw, h√ thZ-{K-
Ÿhpw AXn¬ \nßƒ ]Tn®p (hm-bn-®p) sIm≠n-cn-°p∂p
!38! \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ°p≠v (F-∂v) AXn¬, (A-Xp-{]-Im-cw)
\nßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ (C-jvS-s∏-Sp-∂)Xv
\nßƒ \nß-fpsS Cu \ne-Xs∂ XpS¿∂mepw \nßƒ CjvS-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw, \nßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-amb {]Xn-^-ew-X-s∂-bmWv
\nßƒ°v e`n-°pI F∂v hn[n I¬]n-°p∂ h√ thZ-{K-Ÿhpw \nßƒ°v
e`n-®n-´pt≠m? Aßs\ AXv hmbn-®p-sIm-≠mtWm \nßƒ Cß-s\-
sb√mw hmZn-°p-∂Xpw? F∂v kmcw.
5074
! 39! AYhm, Iznbm-
aØp \mƒ htc°pw FØp(amdv
_e-Øn-en-cn-°p-)∂ h√ kXy-{]-
Xn-⁄-Ifpw \ΩpsSta¬ (D-Ø-c-
hm-Z-s∏-´-Xm-bn) \nßƒ°pt≠m?
\nßƒ hn[n-I¬]n-°p-∂Xv \n›-
b-ambpw \nßƒ°p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-
sa∂v!
! 40! (\_n- t b) Ah-

tcmSv tNmZn°q: Ah-cn¬ GsXm-
cp-h-\mWv AXv kw_-‘n®v G‰p-
]-d-bp-∂-h≥?!
!41! AY- h m, Ah¿°v

h√ ]¶p- I mcpw Bcm- [ y\pw
Dt≠m? F∂m- e - h ¿, Xß- f psS
]¶pImsc sIm≠p-h-c-s´, Ah¿
kXy-hm≥am-cm-sW-¶n¬!
!39! AX√m (A-Y-hm˛ As√-¶n¬) \nßƒ°pt≠m h√

kXy-ß-fpw, {]Xn-⁄-Iƒ \Ωp-sS-ta¬ DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏´ (_m-[y-ÿ-cm-
b) FØp-∂-Xmb Iznbm-aØp\mƒ hsc \n›-b-
ambpw \nßƒ°p-s≠∂v \nßƒ hn[n-°p-∂Xv (X-s∂) !40!
Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°pI Ah-cn¬ GsXm-cp-h-\mWv AXn-s\-∏‰n
G‰v ]d-bp-∂-h≥, DØ-c-hmZw hln-°p-∂-h≥ !41! AX√m (A-Y-
hm) Ah¿°pt≠m h√ ]¶p-Imcpw F∂m-e-h¿ hcs´ Ah-
cpsS ]¶p-Im-sc-sIm-≠v, ]¶p-Im-cp-ambn Ah-cm-sW-¶n¬ kXy-
hm≥am¿
Imcy-ß-fpsS A¥n-a-Xo-cp-am-\-Øns‚ Znhkw Iznbm-aØv \mfm-W-
t√m. Ah-cpsS lnXhpw CObpw A\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn°pw Ah¿°v {]Xn-êw
\¬I-s∏-SpI F∂p-≈-Xn\v AXp-h-tc°pw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ h√ Dd∏pw
A√mlp Ah¿°v \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xmbn h√-hcpw hmZn-°p-∂pt≠m? Ds≠-
¶n¬ Ah¿ AsXm∂v sXfn-bn-°s´ AX-s√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS Dt±-iy-ßƒ
km[n-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°-Ø° A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb h√ ]¶p-Im-cpw˛
5075
AYhm A√m-lp-hns‚ ]¶m-fn-I-fmbn Ah¿ KWn-®p-h-cp∂ h√ Bcm-[y-h-
kv X p- ° - f pw˛ Ah¿°pt≠m? Ds≠- ¶ n¬ AXpw H∂v ImWs´! F∂v
Xm¬]cyw.
!42! IW-¶m¬ shfn-hm-

°-s∏-Sp∂ [Imcyw Kuc-h-Øn-se-
Øp∂] Znhkw (Hm¿°p- I )!
"kpPqZv' sNøm≥ Ah¿ £Wn-
°-s∏-Spw. At∏mƒ Ah¿°v (A-
Xn-\v) km[y-am-Ip-∂-Xp-a-√.
! 43! Xß- f psS IÆp-

Iƒ (Xm-gvØn) hn\-b-s∏-´-h-cmb
\ne-bn¬ \nµy-X Ahsc Bh-
cWw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ kpc-
£n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ "kpPqZv'
sNøm≥ Ah¿ £Wn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-
≠m- b n- c p- ∂ p. [A∂v Ah- c Xv
sNbvXn-cp-∂n-√.]
!42! Xpd° (sh-fn-hm-°˛ \·-am-°)-s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw
IW-¶m-en¬\n∂v Ah¿ £Wn-°s
- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw
kpPq-Zn-te°v (kp-PqZv sNøm≥) At∏mƒ Ah¿°v km[n-°p-I-
bn√ !43! XmgvaImWn®p (`-‡n-Im-ń)sIm≠v Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-
Iƒ, IÆp-Iƒ Ahsc aqSpw, Bh-cWw sNøpw, _m[n°pw \nµy-
X, lo\-X, A]-am\w Ah¿ Bbn-cp-∂n-´p≠v Ah¿ £Wn-°-
s∏-SpI kpPqZv sNøm≥ Ah¿ Bbn-cns° kpc-£n-
X¿, c£-s∏-´-h¿
"apg-¶m-en¬\n∂v hkv{Xw-s]m°n \·-am-°-s∏-SpI' F∂s{X

¥É°S øY ∞°ûµj F∂ hm°ns‚ km£m¬ A¿∞w. Imcyw hfsc Kuc-h-s∏´
Ah-ÿ-bn-se-ØpI F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn¬ B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p:
henb B]Øv t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ hkv{Xw s]m°n-∏n-Sn®v HmSn-t∏m-IpI ]Xn-hm-
Wt√m; CXn¬\n-∂mWv Cu Ae-¶m-c{- ]-tbmKw P∑-sa-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂X
- v. Iznbm-
a-Øv-\m-fnse AXn-Ku-c-h-L-´-amWv ChnsS Dt±-iyw. temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb
A√mlp krjvSn-Isf hnNm-c-W-s°-Sp-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ
Atß-A‰w \nµycpw lo\-cp-am-bn-s°m≠v e÷n®p Xe-XmgvØn Iogvt∏m´v
5076
t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. (kq: iqdm 45˛mw -- hN\w t\m°p-I.) Cu Ah-k-c-
Øn¬ Ah-tcmSv A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ kpPqZv (km-jvSmwK \a-kv°m-cw)
sNøm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-sa-∂pw, Ah¿°v AXn\v km[n-°p-∂-X-s√∂pw
A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. Cl-Øn¬sh®v A√m-lp-hn\v kpPqZv sNøm≥
Ahsc {]hm-NI - ≥am¿ aptJ\ £Wn-®n-cp-∂p-ht- √m. At∏mƒ Ah¿ AXn\v
hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. F∂m¬, Ct∏mƒ Ah¿ AXn\v ]cn-]q¿W-
ambpw Xøm-dm-Wv. ]t£, Ah¿°-Xn\v km[y-am-Ip-I-bn-√. Ah-tcmSv Cu
Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kpPqZv sNøm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw, hfsc hj-
fm-°epw \nµn-°-ep-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-W-t√m.
"Imcyw Kuc-h-Øn-¶-se-Øp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb

Hmtcm ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobpw A√m-lp-hn\v kpPqZv sNøpw. Cl-Øn¬sh®v
Io¿Øn°pw {]i-kvXn-°pw-th≠n kpPqZv sNbvXp-h-∂n-cp-∂-h¿ _m°n-bm-
Ipw. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ahcpw kpPqZv sNøm≥ {ian-°pw. F∂m¬
AhcpsS apXpIv (h-f-bm-sX) Htc \s´√m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.' F∂v _pJm-
cnbpw apkvenapw (d) D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp \_n hN-\-Øn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v. Ahn-
izm-kn-If
- psS ÿnXn-KX- n-Iƒ ]eXpw hnh-cn-®t- ijw A√mlp \_n tbmSv ˜
]d-bp∂p:-˛
!44! BI-bm¬, Fs∂-
bpw, Cu h¿Ø-am-\sØ [Izp¿-
Bs\] hymP- a m- ° p- ∂ - h - s cbpw
hnt´-°p-I. \mw Ahsc Adn-bm-
Ø- h n- [ - Ø n- e qsS ]Sn- ] - S n- b m- b n-
s°m- ≠ p- h ∂v (in- £ n- ® p)
sIm≈mw.
! 45! Rm≥ Ah¿°v

Ab- ® n- ´ p- s Im- S p- ° p- ∂ - X p- a m- W v .
\n›-b-am-bpw, Fs‚ X{¥w _e-
h-Øm-b-X-s{X,
44! BI-bm¬ Fs∂ hnt´-°pI hymP-am-°p-∂-h-
scbpw Cu h¿Ø-am-\-sØ, hnj-bsØ \mw Ahsc
(h-gn-sb) ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn ({I-ta-W) sIm≠p-hcpw hn[-Øn¬
Ah¿ Adn-bmØ !45! Ah¿°v \mw Ab-®n´p (\o-ń) sImSp-°p-
Ibpw sNøpw (sN-øp-∂p) \n›-b-ambpw Fs‚ X{¥w, D]mbw
_e-h-Øm-Wv, i‡-amWv
5077
B kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-sfsb√mw A√mlp {ItaW HXp-°p-I-bpw,
in£-bn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. X¬°mew Ahsc Ah-cpsS CjvS-
Øn\v hnń-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp X{¥w am{X-am-Wv. B X{¥-Øn¬ AI-s∏-SmsX
c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ah¿°v bmsXmcp KXy-¥c-hp-an-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-sc-
˜
∏‰n ]cn-{`-atam at\m-th-Z-\tbm D≠m-tI-≠-Xn√ F∂v kmcw. \_n C{]-
Imcw Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p∂p: "A{I-an°v A√mlp Ab-®n´p sImSp-°pw.
Aßs\ Ah≥ Ahs\ ]nSn-Iq-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-\n¬\n∂v IpXdn c£-s∏-Sp-
hm≥ Ah\v Ign-bp-I-bn-√.' (_p; ap.)
!46! AX-√, (H-cp-]t- £)
\o Ah-tcmSv h√ {]Xn-^-ehpw
tNmZn- ® n´v Ah¿ IS- _ m- [ yX
\nanØw `mc-s∏-´-h-cm-Ip-∂pthm?!
! 47! AX- √ , AZr- i y-

⁄m\w Ah-cpsS ]°¬ D≠m-
bn´v Ah¿ Fgp-Xp-I-bmtWm?!
!46! AX-√, ]t£, AYhm \o Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°p-∂p

(thm) h√ {]Xn-^-ehpw F∂n´v Ah¿ IS-_m-≤y-X-bm¬
`mc-s∏-´-h-cmWv !47! AX√ Ah-cpsS ]°-ep≠v (t≠m)
AZr-iy-PvRm\w F∂n-´-h¿ Fgp-Xp∂p (thm)
CXpw, CXp-t]m-se-bp-≈-Xp-amb ]e tNmZy-ßfpw kqdØp Øzq-

dn¬ Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. Ahbpw Ah-bpsS hnh-c-Whpw Hm¿°p-I. \_n
˜ Ah-tcmSv bmsXmcp {]Xn-^-ehpw tNmZn-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw, Ah-cpsS ]°¬
AZr-iy-⁄m-\-sam-∂p-an-s√∂pw hy‡-am-W-t√m.
!48! AXp-sIm≠v (\-_n-

tb) \o \ns‚ d∫ns‚ hn[n°v
£an-®p-sIm-≈p-I. \o (B) a’y-
Øns‚ Bsf-t∏mse Bbn-cn-°-
cpXv; AXm-b-Xv, At±lw hyk\w
(A-Yhm tIm]w) \nd-™-h-\mb
\ne- b n¬ hnfn(®p {]m¿∞n)®
kµ¿`w.
5078
! 49! Xs‚ c£n- X m- h n-
¶¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp (a-lØ - m-b) A\p-
{Klw At±-lsØ hos≠-Sp-°p-I-
bp- ≠ m- b n- ´ n- √ m- b n- c p- ∂ p- s h- ¶ n¬,
At±lw (B) ]mgv`q- a n- b n¬
Bt£-]n-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bpw-sIm≠v
]pdw-X-≈-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p!
! 50! F∂m¬ At±- l -

Øns‚ c£n-Xmhv At±-lsØ (\-
√-h-\m°n) Xnc-s™-SpØp; F∂n´v
At±- l sØ kZv h rØ≥am- c psS
Iq´-Øn¬ B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
!48! BI-bm¬ \o £an-°pI \ns‚ d∫ns‚ hn[n°v
\o BIp-Ibpw AcpXv a’y-Øns‚ Bsf-t∏mse
At±lw hnfn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw Bbn-s°m≠v (tIm-]w˛ hyk-
\w) \nd-™h - ≥ !49! C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ At±-lsØ hos≠-
Sp-°pI Hcp A\p-{Klw Xs‚ d∫n-¶¬\n∂v At±lw CS-s∏-
Sp-am-bn-cp∂p (]p-dw-X≈
- s
- ∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p) ]mgv`q-an-bn¬, Hgn™ ÿeØv
At±lw Bbn-s°m≠v Bt£-]n-°-∏-´-h≥ !50! F∂m¬
(F-∂n-´v) At±-lsØ Xnc-s™-SpØp (\-∂m°n FSp-Øp) Xs‚ d∫v
F∂n´v At±-lsØ B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp kZvhrØ-cn¬,
k÷-\-ß-fn¬
A{I-an-I-fmb i{Xp-°sf A√mlp X¬°mew Ab-®n-ń-cn-°p-I-bmWv;
Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ hgnsb i‡naØmb \S]Sn Ah≥ FSp-°p-∂-XmWv;
˜
AXp-hsc £an-®n-cn-°Ww F∂v \_n tbmSv D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w,
Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ bq\pkv \_n (A) sNbvX-Xp-t]mse sNø-cp-sX-∂p-IqSn
Xncp-ta-\nsb A√mlp D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ P\X Ahn-izm-k-
Ønepw A\p-k-c-W-t°-Snepw iTn-®p-\n-∂-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚ hyk-\hpw
tIm]hpw kln-°-h-ømsX At±lw ÿew-hn-´p-t]m-Ip-I-bpw, I∏¬bm-{X-
bn¬sh®v Hcp hºn® a’yw At±-lsØ hngp-ßp-Ibpw D≠m-bn. a’y-
Øns‚ hb-‰n¬sh®v At±lw tJZn®p aS-ßp-Ibpw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv
{]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\-¥cw, a’yw At±-lsØ kap-{Z-Xo-c-Øp≈
Hscm-gn™ ÿeØv ]pdw-X-≈n. At±lw Atß-A‰w Ah-i-\m-bn-´p-s≠∂v
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. AhnsS At±-l-Øns‚ BtcmKyw ho≠pIn-´pamdp≈
5079
kuI-cy-ßƒ D≠m-°n-s°m-SpØv A√mlp At±-lsØ c£n-®p. ho≠pw
P\-ß-fn¬ sN∂p Znhy-Zu-Xy-{]-t_m-[\w XpS-cp-hm≥ A√mlp At±-lsØ
\ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cß-s\, P\-ß-fpsS \ntj-[-Øn¬ A£-abpw
\ncm-ibpw D≠m-Ic ˜
- p-sX∂v \_n sb D]-tZ-in-°p-Ib
- mWv. bq\pkv (A)s‚
Cu kw`-h-sØ-∏‰n kq: A≥_n-bm-Dv 87 ˛ 88 ¬ \mw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-.
ChnsS IqSp-X¬ hnh-cn-°p∂n√.
!51! Ahn- i z- k n- ® - h ¿,
D¬t_m-[\w [Izp¿-B≥] tIƒ
°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS
Zrjv S n- I ƒ (]- X n- ∏ n- ® p)sIm≠v
\ns∂ Ah¿ hgp°n hogpam-dm-
°p-I-Xs∂ sNøp-∂p. Ah¿ ]d-
bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p; "\n›-ba - mbpw
Ch≥ Hcp {`m¥≥Xs∂' F∂v.
!52! CXm-I-s´, temI¿ °v
(s]m-Xp-hm-bp)≈ Hcp D¬t_m-[-
\-a-√msX (a-s‰m-∂pw) A√-Xm-\pw.
51! \n›-b-ambpw BIm-dm-Ip∂p Ahn-iz-kn-®-

h¿ \ns∂ hgp-°n-ho-gvØpI (X-s∂) Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-
IƒsIm≠v Ah¿ tIƒ°p∂ Ah-kcw D¬t_m-[-\w, {]am-
Ww, {]t_m-[-\w, kvacW Ah¿ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw \n›-b-
ambpw Ah≥ {`m¥≥ Xs∂ !52! AX-√-Xm\pw Hcp
D¬t_m-[-\-a-√msX temI¿°v, temI¿°p-th-≠n-bp≈
Izp¿-B≥ tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ shdp-∏n-
s‚bpw {]Xn-tj-[-Øn-s‚bpw ImTn-\y-amWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-Øn¬ FSp-
Øp- I m- ´ p- ∂ - X v . ITn- \ - t Im- ] - t Øm- S p- I qSn Ah¿ Xncp- t a- \ n- b psS t\sc
t\m°p∂ t\m´w I≠m¬, AXns‚ Kuchw \nanØw Xncp-ta\n kvXw`n®p
Im¬h-gpXn ASn-sX-‰n hoWp-t]m-tb-°pw. AYhm A{Xbpw ISp-Ø-Xm-bn-
cn°pw AXv. \ymbw-sIm-≠pw, sXfn-hp-sIm≠pw ad-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Ah¿
˜
\_n sb {`m¥-s\∂v ]d™v Xr]vXn AS-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah¿ kzoI-
cn-°p-∂n-s√∂psh®v Izp¿-Bs‚ {]t_m-[\w \ndp-Øn-sh-t°-≠-Xn-√, \ndp-
Øn-sh-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. ImcWw AXv Ah-sc-am{Xw Dt±-in-®p-≈-X-
√. temI-sc-sb√mw s]mXp-hn¬ Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv.

5080
`mKw 29 ábÉ◊G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 69 lm°zx
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ábÉ◊G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
69. kqdØp¬ lm°zx

]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! (B) bYm¿∞ kw`hw!
2! bYm¿∞ kw`-h-sa-∂m-se-
¥mWv?!
3! bYm¿∞ kw`- h - s a- ¥ m-
sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw?!
1! bYm¿∞ kw`hw !2! F¥mWv bYm¿∞ kw`hw
!3! \n\°v Adnhv \¬In-b-sX¥v (F-¥-dn-bmw) bYm¿∞
kw`hw F¥m-sW∂v
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fmWv ábÉ◊G (b-Ym¿∞ kw`-hw) sIm≠v hnh-£.
bYm¿∞-ambn kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xpw, hnNm-c-W, {]Xn-êw apX-emb Imcy-ßƒ
bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xp-amb Znh-k-am-Wt√m Iznbm-a-Øv-\mƒ.
AXns‚ Kuc-h-sØbpw {]m[m-\y-sØbpw Ipdn-°p∂ thsdbpw ]e t]cp-
I-fn¬ Izp¿-B≥ AXns\ hnti-jn-∏n-®p-Im-Wmw. Ah-bn¬ H∂p-Xs - ∂-bmWv
ASpØ 4 ˛mw hN-\-Ønepw ImWp-∂-Xv. Cu {]mcw-`- h-N-\-ß-fn¬ B
alm-Zn-\Ø
- n-te°v {i≤ £Wn-®t- i-jw, 12 hsc-bp≈ hN-\ß- f
- n¬ AXns\
\ntj-[n-®n-cp∂ Nne kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°v t\cn´ ssZhnI in£-Isf Nq≠n-
°m-´p-∂p. ]n∂oSv 13 apX¬ 37 hsc hN-\-ß-fn¬ B Zn\-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂
Nne kw`h-hn-Im-k-ß-sf-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. A\-¥cw Izp¿-Bs‚-
˜
bpw, \_n -bp-sSbpw kXy-X-sb-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.
5081
A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-hpw, A¥y-\m-fn-ep≈ hnizm-k-hp-amWv
kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw k¬°¿aß-fp-sSbpw G‰hpw ImX-emb hi-ßƒ.
Ad-_n-Iƒ s]mXp-hn¬ ]d-™m¬ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw
in¿°p-]-c-amb A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒ Ie¿∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B hnizm-kw. ]c-
tem-I-Ønepw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Ønepw Ah¿ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-an-√. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv a°o-kq-d-Øp-I-fn¬ {][m-\-ambpw GI-ssZh hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®pw,
ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Im-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw {]Xn-]m-Zn®p ImWp-∂-Xv.
!4! Yaq-Zv-tKm-{X-hpw, BZv-tKm-

{Xhpw (B sRń-°p-∂) `b-¶c
kw`-hsØ hymP-am-°n.
5! F∂m¬, YaqZv tKm{X-am-
I- s ´, (B) AXn- c p- I - h n™
kw`hw sIm≠v \in-∏n-°-s∏-´p.
6! BZv-tKm-{Xtam Dut°-dnb
("i- c - i sc'bp≈) D{K- a mb Hcp
Im‰p-sIm≠pw \in∏n-°-s∏-´p.
7! Ggv cm{Xn- b pw, F´p

]Iepw XpS¿®- b mbn Ah- c n¬
AXns\ Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) \ntbm-
Kn-®p.
At∏mƒ, (B) P\-Xsb IS-]p-
gßn hoW CuØØ-Sn-I-sf-∂-
t]mse AXn¬ hoWp InS-°p-∂-
h-cmbn \n\°v ImWm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
!8!F\n, Ah¿°v h√ Ah-

in-jvShpw \o ImWp-∂pthm?! (C-
√, H∂p-an-√)
4! hymP-am°n YaqZv (tKm-{Xw) BZpw ap´p∂
(sR-ń-°p-∂˛ `b-¶c) kw`-hsØ !5! F∂m¬ Yaq-Zm-Is´
Ah¿ \in-∏n-°-s∏´p AXn-cp-I-hn™ kw`-hw-sIm≠v !6!
5082
F∂m¬ BZm-Is´ Ah¿ \in-∏n-°-s∏´p Hcp Im‰p-sIm≠v
ic-i-sc-bp≈ (C-cºn hoip-∂), AXn-ssi-Xy-am-b, D{K-amb D{K-
am-b, Dut°-dn-b, AXn-cp-I-hn™ !7! AXns\ Ah≥ Iogvs∏-SpØn
(\n-tbm-Kn-®p) Ah-cn¬ Ggv cm{Xn F´v Zn\hpw (]-I-
epw) XpS¿®-bm-bn, \in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ \ne-bn¬ At∏mƒ
\n\°v ImWmw P\-Xsb AXn¬ (Im-‰n¬), Ah-bn¬ (Zn-\-cm-{X-ß-
fn¬) hogvØ-s∏´ (ho-Wp-In-S-°p-∂)-h-cmbn Ah-cm-sW-∂-t]mse
XSn-Iƒ, apc-Sp-Iƒ CuØ-∏-\-bpsS IS-]p-g-ßn-hoW !8!
A-t∏mƒ (F-\n) \o ImWp-∂pthm Ah¿°v h√ Ah-
injvShpw, tijn∏pw
s]s´∂v Dut°msS h∂p B™p-apń sRń-∏n-°p∂ `b-¶-c-kw`hw
F∂s{X áYQÉ≤dG sIm≠v hnh-£. CXpw Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fns‚ Hcp \ma-hn-ti-j-
W-am-Ip-∂p. YaqZv tKm{XsØ A√mlp \in-∏n-®Xv Hcp tLmc-i_vZw (áë«°üdG)
aptJ-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v 11: 67 apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ Izp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-
°n-bn-´p-≠v. AXm-Wn-hnsS á«ZÉ£dG (A-Xn-cp-I-hn™ kw`-hw) sIm≠v Dt±-in-
°p-∂-Xv. BZns‚ in£-sb-∏‰n A√m-lp-Xs∂ ChnsS hnh-cn®p ]d-™n-cn-
°p-∂p-h-t√m.
!9!^n¿-Hu\pw, Ahs‚ apºp-

≈- h - c pw, ASn- t a- e mbn adn™
cmPy-ßfpw (cm-Py-°m-cpw) ]ng®
{]h¿Ø\-hp-am-bn-h-∂p.
10! Aß-s\, Ah¿ Xß-

fpsS c£n-Xm-hns‚ dkq-en-t\mSv
A\p- k - c - W - t °Sv {]h¿Øn- ® p.
At∏mƒ Ah≥ (c- £ n- X m- h v )
Ahsc Ihn- ™ - X mb Hcp
]nSpØw ]nSn®p (in-£n-®p)!
11! \n›- b - a mbpw sh≈w

AXn- c p- I - h n™ Ah- k - c - Ø n¬
\nßsf \mw I∏-en¬ Ib‰n (c-
£n-®p).
5083
!12! \nßƒ°v Ahsb Hcp
kv a c- W - b m- ° p- h m- \ pw, ]Tn(®p
{Kln)-°p∂ ImXp-Iƒ°v Ah
]Tn(-®p-{K-ln)-°p-hm\pw th≠n-
bs{X (A-sX-√mw).
9! ^n¿-Hu\pw h∂p Ahs‚ apºp-≈-hcpw
ASn-tase (X-e-Io-gm-bn) adn-™-hbpw ]ng-®Xv (]n-g® {]hr-Øn)
sIm≠v !10! F∂n-´-h¿ A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv Imń Xß-fpsS
d∫ns‚ dkq-en\v At∏mƒ Ah≥ Ahsc ]nSn®p Hcp ]nSpØw
Ihn-™, ap¥nb (i-‡-am-b) !11! \n›-b-ambpw \mw AXn-
cp-I-hn-™-t∏mƒ sh≈w \nßsf \mw hln®p (I-b-‰n)
I∏-en¬, ]tØ-am-cn-bn¬ !12! Ahsb \nßƒ°v \mw B°p-
hm≥ th≠n Hcp kvac-W, D]-tZiw Ahsb ]Tn°p ({K-ln-°p)-
hm\pw ImXp-Iƒ, sNhn-Iƒ ]Tn-°p∂
ta¬ Nq≠n-°m-ńb kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS kw`-h-ß-sf√mw CXn-\p-apºv ]e
kqd-Øp-I-fn-epambn H∂n-e-[nIw XhW \mw hmbn-®p-I-gn-™-Xm-Wv. ChnsS
AsX√mw Nq≠n°m-´pI am{X-amWv A√mlp sNøp-∂-Xv. \qlv \_n (A)-
bpsS I∏-en¬ Ib‰n c£-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-hsc Dt±-in-®mWv \mw \nßsf I∏-
en¬ Ib‰n c£n-®p-sh∂v ]d-™-Xv. A∂v B I∏-en¬ c£-s∏-´-hcpsS
k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bn¬ s]´-h-cmWv C∂p≈ Cu P\-X. (37 : 77) Ch-cpsS
]nXm-°ƒ A∂v c£-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Ch¿ C∂v Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. 11
˛mw hN\w Cu A\p-{Klw A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-I-IqSn sNøp-∂p. Iznbm-a-Øp-
\m-fn-s\-bpw, AXn¬ kw`-hn-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßs
- fbpw \ntj-[n® ta¬Nq-
≠n-°m-ńb kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-ßƒ ChnsS FSp-Øp-Im-´p-∂-Xns‚
Bhiyw F¥m-sW∂v 12 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. AsX, P\-ßƒ
Hm¿an-°p-hm\pw ]mTw ]Tn-°p-hm\pw Xs∂.
!13! F∂m¬, Iml-f-Øn¬
Hscm‰ DuØv DuX-s∏-´m¬!˛
14! `qan-bpw, ]¿∆-X-ßfpw

s]m°n-sb-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw,
F∂n´v Ah Hcp CSn®p XI¿°¬
XI¿Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw (sN-bvXm¬),˛
5084
! 15! At∏mƒ, A∂v (B)
kw`hw kw`-hn-°p-I-bmbn!
16! BImiw s]mń-∏n-f-cp-

Ibpw sNøpw F∂n-´Xv A∂v (Ip-
g-™v) Zp¿_-e-am-b-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
17! ae-°p-Iƒ AXns‚ (\m-

\m) `mK-ß-fn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
\ns‚ d∫ns‚ "A¿iv' [knwlm-
k\w] A∂v Ah-cpsS aosX-bmbn
F´v Iq´¿ hln-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
18! A∂sØ Znhkw \nßƒ

ImWn-°s - mWv [lmP-cm-°-
- ∏-Sp-∂X
s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv]. (c-l-ky-am-bn) ad-
™p-In-S-°p∂ Hcp Imcyhpw (A-
∂v) \nß-fn¬\n∂v ad-™p-t]m-Ip-
∂-X-√.
13! F∂m¬ DuX-s∏-´m¬ Iml-f-Øn¬, sImºn¬

Hscm‰ DuØv !14! s]m°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw (D-b¿Ø-s∏-Sp-I-
bpw) `qan ae-Ifpw, ]¿∆-Xßfpw F∂n´v c≠pw s]mSn®v
XI¿°-s∏-´m¬, \nc-Ø-s∏-´m¬ H‰ CSn®p XI¿°¬ !15!
At∏mƒ B Znhkw kw`hn-°p-I-bmbn (B) kw`hw !16!
s]mń-∏n-f-cp-Ibpw sNøpw BImiw F∂n-´Xv
A∂sØ Znhkw Zp¿∫-e-ambXmbn-cn°pw !17! ae-°p-Iƒ
AXns‚ \m\m-`m-K-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cn°pw hln-°p-∂-XmWv
\ns‚ d∫ns‚ A¿iv Ah-cpsS aosX B Znhkw
F´p-Iq-´¿, F´mƒ !18! B Znhkw \nßƒ ImWn-°-s∏-Spw,
{]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏Spw ad™p (c-l-ky-am-bn˛ Hfn-™p) t]mI-bn√
\nß-fn¬\n∂v Hcp ad™ (tKm-]y-am-b)Xpw
5085
BZysØ hN-\-ß-fn¬, H∂m-asØ Iml-f-aq-Øn-s\-ØpS¿∂p-≠m-
Ip∂ kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw, ]n∂oSv A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ krjvSn-
Isf hnNm-c-W°v sIm≠p-h-cp∂ L´-sØ-°p-dn-®p-amWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kqd-
Øp¬ ^Pvdn¬ |ÉØ°UÉØ°U ∂∏ŸGh ∂HQ AÉLh } |ÉcO ÉcO ¢VQC’G âcO GPEG} (`qan CSn s]mSn-
bmbn CSn®v XI¿°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, \ns‚ d∫pw, AWn AWn-bmbn ae-°p-
Ifpw hcp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬!) F∂v {]kvXm-hn-®Xpw CtX Ah-k-c-sØ-°p-
dn®v Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p. Xmsg kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fnse kw`h-hn-Im-
k-ß-sf-∏‰n IqSp-X¬ {]kvXm-hn®p ImWmw.
A∂v "A¿im'Ip∂ knwlm-k\w hln-°p-∂Xv F´p-Iq-´-cm-bn-cn°pw

F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-hpw, AXn¬ AS-ßnb cl-kyhpw \ap-°-
dn-bp-∂-X-√. A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw ]d-™p-X-∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v \ap°v
CØcw Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A\p-am-\n-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. GXm-bmepw
B kµ¿`-Øns‚ Kuc-hm-h-ÿ-bmWv AXv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. "F´p-Iq-´¿'
(á«fÉªK) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw F´v ae-°p-Iƒ F∂m-sW-∂pw, AX√
F´p-kwLw ae-°p-Iƒ F∂m-sW∂pw hymJym-Xm-°ƒ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. ÿe-Im-e-ß-fn¬\n∂pw, krjvSn-I-fp-am-bp≈ F√m-hn[ kmZr-iy-ß-
fn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Wt√m A√m-lp. AXp-sIm≠v \ΩpsS sFlnI
tImS-Xn-I-sf-∏‰n \mw hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ bmsXmcp hn`m-h-
\bpw temI-{k-jvSm-hmb A√m-lp-hns‚ alm-tIm-S-Xn-sb-∏‰n \mw hn`m-h\w
sNbvXp-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ Ahs‚ A¿ins\ kw_-‘n-®pw, AXv
ae-°p-Iƒ hln-°p-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n-®p-sa√mw AXv C∂n∂ {]Im-c-Øn-
em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v \n¿W-bn®p cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ \ap°v ]mSn√; \ap-°-Xn-
\p≈ Ign-hp-an-√.
!19! F∂m¬, At∏mƒ GsXm-

cp-h\v Ahs‚ {KŸw [I¿a-tcJ]
Xs‚ he- ¶ - ø n¬ sImSp- ° - s ∏-
´pthm Ah≥ ]dbpw: "CXm, FSp-
Øp-sIm-≈p-hn≥, Fs‚ {KŸw
hmbn-°p-hn≥!˛'
20! "\n›- b - a mbpw Fs‚
hnNm-c-Wsb Rm≥ I≠p-ap-´p-∂-
h-\m-sW∂v Rm≥ (apsº) [cn-®n-
cn-°p-∂p.'
21! Aß-s\, Ah≥ Xr]vXn-
I-c-amb Pohn-X-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw;˛
5086
!24! AXm- b - X v , D∂- X - a mb
kz¿K-Øn¬!
23! AXnse (]-dn-s®-Sp-°p-∂)
]g-ßƒ XmWp (A-Sp-Øv) hcp-∂-
h-bm-Ip-∂p.
24! "\nßƒ awK-f-ambn (B-
\-µ-]q¿∆w) Xn∂p-I-bpw, IpSn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-hn≥, Ign-
™p-t]mb Znh-k-ß-fn¬ \nßƒ
ap≥sN- b v X p- s h- ® - X ns‚ ê- a m-
bn´v! (F∂v Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-s∏-
Spw.)'
19! F∂m¬ At∏mƒ bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah≥ Ahs‚
{KŸw sImSp-°-s∏´ Ahs‚ he-¶-øn¬ Ah≥ ]dbpw
CXm FSp-°p-hn≥ hmbn-°p-hn≥ Fs‚ {KŸw !20!
\n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ [cn-®p, hnNm-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p Rm≥ I≠p-ap-´p∂
(t\-cn-Sp-∂)-h-\m-sW∂v Fs‚ hnNm-c-Wsb !21! Aßs\ (A-
t∏mƒ) Ah≥ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bbn-cn°pw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb !22!
AXm-bXv kz¿K-Øn¬ D∂-X-am-b, taemb !23! AXnse
(]-dn-s®-Sp-°p-∂) ]g-ßƒ, ]g-°p-e-Iƒ ASp-Øh (Xm-Wp-h-cp-∂-h)-bm-
bncn°pw !24! Xn∂p-sIm-≈p-hn≥ IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥
B\-µ-I-c-am-bn, awK-f-ambn \nßƒ ap≥sN- b v X Xv \nanØw
Znh-k-ß-fn¬ (Im-e-ß-fn¬) Ign-™p-t]m-b-Xmb
k÷-\-ß-fmb `mKy-hm≥am¿°v Ah-cpsS I¿a-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb
{KŸ-ßƒ Ah-cpsS he-ss¶-I-fn¬ sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXv e`n-°p-tºmƒ
Ah¿°v A`n-am-\hpw kt¥m-j-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. a‰p-≈-h¿ AXv FSp-Øp-hm-
bn®p t\m°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v Bthiw tXm∂pw. A√m-lp-hns‚ hnNm-c-Wsb
t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v Xßƒ Cl-Øn¬sh-®p-Xs∂ [cn-®p-sh-®n-cp-∂p˛
AYhm AX-\p-k-cn®v t_m[-]q¿∆w {]h¿Øn-®p-t]m-∂p˛ AXp-sIm≠v
Xßƒ c£-s∏´p Fs∂ms° Ah¿ IrXm¿∞-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw.
A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnsb D∂w-sh®v Pohn-®p-h∂ Ah¿°v e`n-°p∂ {]Xn-
^-etam? Ah-cpsS CjvSm-\p-k-cWw k¿∆ kzX-{¥-ambn imiz-X-hn-lmcw
sIm≈m-hp∂ D∂X kz¿Khpw! Cß-s\-bp≈ k÷-\-ß-fn¬ \sΩ-sb√mw
5087
A√mlp Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥. kz¿K-Ønse ê-ßƒ XmWp ASp-Øv
h-cp-∂-XmWv (¬«fGO É¡aƒ£b) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw, ]dn-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ B{K-
ln-°p∂ ê-ßƒ Ah-cpsS ASp-°-te°v Ctßm´v ASp-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv˛
AYhm ]dn-s®-Sp-°m≥ bmsXm-cp-hn-[-{i-ahpw Ah¿ \S-tØ-≠-Xn-√˛ F∂-
s{X.
!25! F∂m¬, bmsXm-cp-hs‚

CS-¶-øn¬ Ahs‚ {KŸw sImSp-
°-s∏-´pthm Ah-\m-I-s´, Ah≥
]dbpw; "lm! Fs‚ {KŸw
F\n°v \¬I-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
\∂m-tbt\!'
26! "Fs‚ hnNm-cW F¥m-

sW∂v Rm≥ Adn-bm-sXbpw (C-
cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tb-s\)!˛'
27!"lm! AXv [A°mcyw ˛A-
Yhm acWw] Xocp-am\w hcp-Øp-
∂-Xm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂mtbs\!
[AtXmsS] F√mw Ah-km-\n-®n-cp-
∂p-sh-¶n¬ F{X \∂m-bn-cp∂p!'
28!"Fs‚ [\w F\n°v D]-
I-cn-®n√!'
29! "Fs‚ kzm[o- \ - i ‡n
F∂n¬\n∂v \in®p (\-jvS-s∏-´p)
t]mbn!'
25! F∂m¬ sImSp-°s
- ∏-´h
- t\m Xs‚ {KŸw Xs‚
CS-¶-øn¬ Ah≥ ]dbpw lm Rm\m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tbt\
F\n°v \¬I-s∏-SmsX (C-cp-s∂-¶n¬) Fs‚ {KŸw !26!
Rm≥ Adn-bm-sXbpw (C-cp-s∂-¶n¬) Fs‚ hnNm-cW F¥m-sW∂v
!27! lm AXm-sb-¶n¬ \∂m-tbt\ AXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬)
Xocp-am\w hcp-Øp-∂-Xv, Iem-in-∏n-°p-∂Xv !28! sFiz-cy-am-°n-bn√
(D-]-I-cn-®n-√) F\n-°v, Fs∂ kw_-‘n®v Fs‚ [\w, F\n-°p-
≈Xv !29! F\n°v \in®p (\-jvS-s∏-´p) Fs‚ i‡n, (kzm-
[o-\w) A[n-Im-cw, {]am-Ww, \ymbw
5088
Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fpsS I¿a-tc-J-bm-Ip∂ {KŸw Ah-cpsS CS-¶-øn-em-bn-
cn°pw sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-I. At∏mƒ Ah¿ Atß-A‰w tJZ-Ønepw \ncm-i-bn-
ep-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. "Atøm! Cu {KŸw Inń-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬!! Atøm! hnNm-
cW A\p-`-hn-t°≠n h∂n-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬! B ac-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn F√mw Ign-
™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ F{X \∂m-tbt\! Atøm! Fs‚ kzØpw kºØpw
H∂pw F\n°v D]-I-cn-®n-√t√m! Atøm! F\n-°n-hnsS Hcp Ignhpw kzm[o-
\hpw C√m-Xm-bt√m!!'Fs∂ms° ]d™p Ah¿ hne-]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.
á«dÉe F∂ hm°n\v "Fs‚ [\w' F∂ A¿∞-amWv \mw apI-fn¬

kzoI-cn-®-Xv. "F\n-°p-≈Xv' F∂pw AXn\v A¿∞w hcmw. AYhm Ft‚Xm-
bp≈ bmsXm∂pw F\n°v D]-I-cn-®n-√t√m F∂v kmcw. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂
á«fÉ£∏°S F∂ hm°n\v "Fs‚ \ymbw' F∂pw A¿∞w I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.
AYhm \ymb-ßfpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw sIm≠ph∂p ka¿∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-
kcw C√m-Xm-bt√m F∂m-bn-cn°pw At∏mƒ Dt±-iyw. c≠m-bmepw XXz-
Øn¬ H∂p-Xs - ∂. Ch-sc-°p-dn®v A√mlp ae-°p-It- fmSv I¬]n-°p-∂Xv C{]-
Im-c-am-bn-cn°pw:˛
!30! "Ahs\ ]nSn-°p-hn≥!

F∂n´v Ahs\ (I- g p- t ØmSv
tN¿Øv) Baw sh°p-hn≥!'
31!"]ns∂, Ahs\ Pzen-
°p∂ \c-I-Øn¬ ISØphn≥!'
32! "]ns∂, Fgp-]X
- p-apgw Af-
hp≈ Nß-e-bn¬ Ahs\ {]th-
in-∏n-°p-hn≥!˛'
33! "(Im-c-Ww) \n›-b-ambpw

Ah≥, alm-\mb A√m-lp-hn¬
hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n√;'
34! "km[p- h n\v `£Ww

\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Ah≥ t{]m’m-
l\w \¬Inbn-cp-∂-Xp-an-√.'
5089
!35! "BI-bm¬ Hcp D‰-_-
‘phpw C∂v Ah\v Chn-sS-bn-√.'
36! "Knkv e o\n'¬ \n∂-

√msX (A-h-\v) `£-Whpw C√:˛
37! []ng-®-h¿] sX‰v sNbvX-
h¿ A√msX AXv `£n-°p-I-bn-
√.
30! Ahs\ ]nSn-°p-hn≥ F∂n-´-hs\ Ba-Øn¬ _‘n-°p-
hn≥ !31! ]ns∂ Pzen-°p∂ (B-fn-°-Øp-∂) \c-I-Øn¬
Ahs\ IS-Øp-hn≥, Cs´-cn-°p-hn≥ !32! ]ns∂ Hcp Nß-e-
bn¬ AXns‚ (\o-f) Afhv Fgp-]Xv apg-amWv Ahs\
{]th-in-∏n-°p-hn≥ !33! \n›-b-ambpw Ah-\m-bn-cp∂p hniz-
kn-°msX A√m-lp-hn¬ alm-\mb !34! Ah≥ t{]m’m-
l\w (t{]-c-W) \¬In-bn-cp-∂-Xp-an√ `£Ww \¬Ip-hm≥˛ `£-
W-Øn\v km[p-hn\v, ]mh-s∏-´-hs‚ !35! BI-bm¬ Ah-
\n√ C∂v ChnsS Hcp D‰-_-‘phpw, Nßm-Xnbpw !36!
`£-W-hp-an√ Knkveo\n¬\n-∂-√msX !37! AXns\
Xn∂pI (`-£n-°p-I)-bn√ ]ng® (sX‰v sNbvX)-h¿ A√msX
C{Xbpw ITn-\-I-tTm-c-amb in£ Ah¿°v \¬I-s∏-Sp-hm≥ c≠v

ImcWw A√mlp FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-´p-≈Xv {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hn¬
Ah¿ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√, km[p-°ƒ°v `£Ww \¬Ip-hm≥ t{]cW \¬In-
bn-cp-∂-Xp-an-√. CXmWv Ah. F√m-hn[ \∑-bp-sS-bpw, F√m-Xcw k¬°¿a-
ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-Ød A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hnizm-ka - m-Wt√m. A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-
kn-°m-Ø-h¿ h√ \√ Imcyhpw sNbvXn-cp-∂m¬t]mepw AXv ]c-tem-I-
Øp-sh®v A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Xn-^-e-Øn\v A¿l-am-Ip-∂-Xp-a-√. 25 : 23 apX-
emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ A√mlp C°mcyw hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. kl-Po-hn-I-tfm-
Sp≈ IS-a-I-fn¬sh®v G‰hpw {][m-\-a¿ln-°p∂ H∂mWv ]mh-s∏´h¿°v
`£Ww \¬I¬. AXn\v Xøm-dn-√m-Ø-h-\n¬\n∂v a‰p-≈-h¿°v F¥v D]-
Im-c-amWv e`n-°p-hm-\p-≈Xv?! Npcp-°-Øn¬, Cu c≠v Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw A`m-
h-Øns‚ A¿∞w Ah≥ {kjvSm-hn-t\mSpw krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈ IS-∏m-Sp-
Iƒ ]men-°m-Ø-h-\mWv F∂m-W-t√m.
5090
km[p-°ƒ°v `£Ww \¬In-bn-cp-∂n√ Ft∂m at‰m ]d-bm-sX,
AXn\v t{]cW \¬In-bn-cp-∂n√ ( ¢ ëj ’h) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv hfsc
A¿∞-h-Øm-Ip-∂p. Ah-c-h¿ \¬In-bmepw t]mcm, a‰p-≈-h-sc-s°m≠v AXv
sNøn-°p-hm≥th-≠p∂ t{]c-Wbpw ]cn-{i-a-hpw-IqSn Bh-iy-am-sW∂v
CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ú∏°ùZ (Knkveo≥) sIm≠p-t±iyw F¥m-
sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ H∂n-e-[nIw A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ImWm-sa-¶n-epw, \c-I-°m-cpsS
amwk-ß-fn¬\n∂v s]mń Hgp-Ip-∂Xpw Zp¿K‘w han-°p-∂-Xp-amb Zp¿∂o-
cm-W-sX-∂s{X A[nI hymJym-Xm-°fpw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. {hW-ßƒ apX-
em-bh Igp-In-b-sh≈w F∂mWv B hm°n\v `mjm¿∞w. lm°nw (d) D≤-
˜
cn-®Xpw At±lw icn-sh-®-Xp-amb Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-
s®-bvX-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. Knkveo\n¬\n∂v Hcp sIm´-
t°m- c n- s h≈w Cl- t em- I - Ø n¬ Hgp- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ - ] £w Cl- Ø n- e p- ≈ -
h¿s°√mw AXv \m‰-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!38!F∂m¬, \nßƒ ImWp-
∂- h - s b- s °m≠v Rm≥ kXyw
sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p:
39!\nßƒ ImWm- Ø - h - s b-
s°m≠pw (kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp-
∂p):˛
40! \n›-ba - m-bpw, AXv (Izp¿-
B≥) am\y-amb Hcp (ssZ-h)-Zq-
Xs‚ hm°p-Xs∂:
41! AXv Hcp Ihn-bpsS hm°-
√. hf-sc-°p-dt® \nßƒ hniz-kn-
°p-∂p-≈q.
42! (A-Xv) Hcp {]iv\-°m-

cs‚ hm°p- a - √ . hfsc°pdt®
\nßƒ Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-∂p-
≈q.
43! (k¿∆) temI c£n-Xm-

hn-¶¬\n∂v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xs{X
(A-Xv).
5091
!38! F∂m¬ Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p \nßƒ
ImWp-∂Xv (Im-Wp-∂-h) sIm≠v !39! \nßƒ ImWm-Ø-h-
sIm≠pw !40! \n›-b-ambpw AXv hm°v (h-N-\w, ]d-bp-∂-Xv) Xs∂
am\y-amb Hcp dkq-ens‚ (Zq-X-s‚) !41! AX√
Hcp Ihn-bpsS hm°v Ft¥m hfsc Ipd®v (am-{Xw) \nßƒ
hniz-kn-°p∂p !42! hm°p-a√ Hcp {]iv\(-K-Wn-X˛ tPm¬ky)-
°m-cs‚ Ft¥m (h-f-sc)-Ip-d®v (am-{Xw) \nßƒ Btem-Nn®p
t\m°p∂p !43! Ah-X-cWw (A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv) c£n-Xm-
hn-¶¬\n∂v temI-cpsS (tem-I)
º°ùbCG Óa F∂ hm°ns‚ LS-\, A¿∞w, Dt±iyw BZn-bm-b-h-sb-
∏‰n kqd-Øp¬ hmIznAx 75, 76 s‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
h‡m-hns‚ ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v h‡m-°-fpsS hm°p-I-fn¬

hyXymkw ImWpw. cmPm-°f - psS hm°n¬ cmP-Io-bX
- b
- pw, ckn-Is‚ hm°n¬
ckn-I-Xzhpw ImWmw. am\y≥am-cpsS kwkm-c-Øn¬ am\y-X-bpw, \nµy≥am-
cpsS kwkm-c-Øn¬ \nµy-Xbpw A\p-`-h-s∏-Spw. AXp-t]m-se, Ihn-I-fp-sS-
bpw, tPm¬ky-°m-cp-sSbpw hm°p-I-fn¬ Ah-cp-sS-Xmb {]tXy-I-X-Ifpw {]I-
S-am-bn-cn-°pw. B \ne°v A¬]-sa-¶nepw Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-∂-h¿°v \_n
˜ {]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ Cu Izp¿-B≥ ˛kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ P¬]n-°p-∂-Xp-
t]m-se˛ Ihn-hm-Iy-ßtfm tPm¬ky-hm-Iy-ßtfm As√∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
{]bm-k-an-√. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-°p-∂Xv temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-
hn¬\n∂mWv. AXm-I-s´, GsX-¶nepw P\-Xt°m P\-hn-`m-K-Ønt\m th≠n
Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xp-a√; temI-a-°ƒ°v BI-am\w th≠n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. AXv Ah-
cn¬ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-∂Xv Ah-\m¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ Hcp am\y-Zq-X-\p-am-
Ip-∂p. Izp¿-Bs‚ kzc-hpw, ssien-bpw, D≈-S-°-hpw, kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-sa√mw
Xs∂ AXn\v km£yw hln-°p-∂p. ]t£, Nn¥n-°m\pw hniz-kn-°m\pw
Xøm-dm-ImsX bmYm¿∞y-Øn\v t\sc IÆ-S®p \nc¿∞-amb Btcm-]-W-
ßƒsIm≠v Xr]vXn AS-bp-I-bmWv Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ sNøp-∂-Xv.
40 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ "am\y-\mb ZqX≥' (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ) F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n

˜
sb Dt±-in-®m-Ip-∂p. kqd-Øp-ØIvhodnepw CXp-t]mse Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ ∫ƒ≤d ¬fEG
(\n-›-b-ambpw AXv am\y-\mb Hcp ZqXs‚ hm°m-Wv) F∂v ]d™ncn-°p-
∂p. AhnsS Pn_vdo¬ (A) F∂ ae-°ns\ Dt±-in-®mWv "ZqX≥' F∂v ]d-
™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠v hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw apºpw ]nºp-ap≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬\n∂v
CXv a\- n-em-°mw. apl-ΩZv Cu Izp¿B≥ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-∂Xv At±lw ˜
5092
Hcp Ihntbm tPm¬kyt\m Bb-XpsIm≠√. At±lw am\y-\mb Hcp ssZh-
Zq-X-\m-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. AXv At±-l-Øn\v e`n-°p-∂Xv temI-c-£n-Xm-hn-
¶¬\n-∂m-Wp-Xm-\pw. F∂s{X ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. kq: XIvhodnse
˜
kµ¿`w as‰m-∂m-Wv. \_n °v {`m¥v ]nSn®v ]d-bp-∂-tXm, h√ ]nimNpw
]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂tXm A√ Izp¿-B≥ . A¿ins‚ \mY-\mb A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬ ]e \ne°pw ÿm\-h-en-∏-ß-fp≈ Hcp ssZh-Zq-X≥ At±-l-Øn\v ]d-
™p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂X - m-WX
- v. At±lw B ZqXs\ ˛Pn_vcoen-s\˛ icn°pw I≠n-
´p-≠v-Xm-\pw, Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Ahn-SsØ kwkm-c-hn-j-bw.
am\y-\mb Hcp ZqXs‚ hm°mWv Izp¿-B≥ (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ ∫ƒ≤d ¬fEG) F∂v
]d™n´p-≈-Xns\ s]m°n-∏n-Sn-®v˛ Ckvemans‚ AIØpw ]pd-Øp-ap≈ Nne
i{Xp-°ƒ ka¿∞n-°m≥ {ian-°m-dp-≈-Xp-t]m-se˛ Izp¿-B≥ \_n -bpsS ˜
kz¥w hN-\-ß-fm-hm-sa∂v Duln-°p-hm≥t]mepw ]gp-Xn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv.
ImcWw Izp¿-B≥ Ah-Xc - n-∏n-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hm-sW-∂pw, AXv \_n °v ˜
FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv Pn_vco¬ BWv F∂pw, AXn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw am‰-
Øn-cpØw hcp-Øp-hm≥ c≠mƒ°pw \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂pw a‰pw kv]jvS-amb
`mj-bn¬ A√mlp Bh¿Øn®p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. th≠m, AXn-s\-Øp-
S¿∂v (43 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬) Xs∂ AXv temI-c-£n-Xmhv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-XmWv
(ÚŸÉ©dG ÜQ øe πjõæJ) F∂v hy‡- a m- ° n- b n- ´ p- ≈ Xv t\m°pI. am{X- a - √ ,
˜
\_n kz¥w hI-bmbn A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ h√Xpw ]d-™p-≠m-°p-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬˛ Aßs\ Hcn-°epw kw`-hn-°p-Ib - n-s√∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv˛ AXns‚
A\-¥c - ^
- ew F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ASpØ hN-\ß - f
- n¬ kKu-chw A√mlp
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂Xpw ImWp-I.
Da¿ (d) C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p:

Rm≥ apkvenam-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºv Hcp X°w t\m°n Hcn-°¬ dkq¬ Xncp-
˜
ta\n -bpsS t\sc ]pd-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]≈n-bn¬ At±lw F\n-°p-ap-
ºmbn FØn-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ ]n∂n¬ sN∂p-\n-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂v kqd-Øp¬
lm°zx HmXm-\m-cw-`n-®p. AXv tI´-t∏mƒ Izp¿-Bs‚ LS-\s - b-°p-dn-®v F\n°v
B›cyw tXm∂n. Rm≥ (a-\- n¬) ]d™p: A√m-lp-hmW! Izpssd-in-
Iƒ ]d-bpw-t]mse Ch-s\mcp Ihn-bm-Wv. At∏m-tg°pw Ahn-Sp∂v ..........
AsXmcp Ihn-bpsS hm°-√.............. F∂v (40 Dw 41Dw hN-\-ßƒ HmXn
At∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d™p: F∂m¬ Ah≥ Hcp {]iv\-°m-c-\m-bn-cn-°pw.
At∏m-tg°pw Ahn-Sp∂v AsXmcp {]iv\-°m-cs‚ hm°p-a√ ......... F∂pw
(42 apX¬ hN-\-ß-fpw) HmXn. Aß-s\, Fs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ apgp-h\pw
Ckvemw ÿew ]nSn-®p-t]m-bn. (A.) At±lw apkvenam-Ip-hm-\p≈ t{]c-W-
I-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp∂p Cu kw`-hw.
5093
!44! At±lw [dkq¬] \ΩpsS
t]cn¬ h√ hm°p-Ifpw sIń-∏-d-
™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬;˛
45! At±-lsØ \mw he-ss¶-

sIm≠v ]nSn(-®p-in-£n)-°p-am-bn-
cp∂p!˛
46! ]n∂o- S v, At±- l -
Øn¬\n∂v (lr-Z-b-Øn-se) Poh-
\m- U nsb \mw apdn- ° p- I bpw
sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p!
47! At∏mƒ, \nß-fn¬ Hcm-
fpw-X-s∂, At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂v (A-
Xv) XS-bp-∂h
- c
- mbn D≠m-hp-Ib
- n√
44! At±lw ]d-™p-≠m°n (sI-ń-∏d

- ™
- p) F¶n¬ \ΩpsS
t]cn¬ Nne (Ir{Xna) hm°p-Iƒ, (h√) hm°p-I-fpw !45!
\mw ]nSn-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw At±-lsØ (A-t±-l-tØm-Sv) he-
ss¶-sIm-≠v, he-ss¶°v !46! ]ns∂ \mw apdn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw
At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v lrZ-b-\m-Un, Poh-\mUn !47! At∏mƒ
\nß-fn¬ (D-≠m-hp-I) C√ Hcmfpw Xs∂ At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂v
XS-bp∂ (X-S w sNøp-∂)-h-cm-bn´v
Úª«dÉH ¬æe ÉfòNCG F∂ hmIy-Øn\v he-ss¶-sIm-≠p-]n-Sn®p in£n-°p-sa∂pw
At±-l-Øns‚ he-ss¶°v ]nSn®p in£n-°p-sa-∂pw˛ Cßs\ c≠p-{]-Im-c-
Øn¬˛ hnh£ \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw IpXdn c£-s∏Sm≥ Ign-
bm-Ø-hÆw i‡-amb \ne-bn¬ ]nSn®p in£m-\-S-]Sn FSp-°p-sa-∂s{X
AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw. lrZ-b-tØmSp _‘-s∏-´p-\n¬°p-Ibpw (*) A‰p-t]m-
bm¬ Poh-lm\n t\cn-Sp-∂X - p-amb Hcp \mUn-bmWv ÚJƒdG ("A¬h-Xo≥'). Ahn-
izm-kn-Iƒ tLmjn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ A√m-lp-hns‚
t]cn¬ bmsXm∂pw sIń-®-a-°p-∂n√; AYhm Aßs\ h√Xpw sNbvtX-
˜
°p-∂-]-£w, A√mlp \_n Xncp-ta\n sb Hcn-°epw shdpsX hnSp-I-
bn√; \n›-b-ambpw AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn in£n-°p-Ibpw Poh-lm\n hcp-Øp-
(*) = Artery on the heart (lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v c‡w sIm≠p-\-S-°p∂
\mUn.)
5094
Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ A√mlp \S-]Sn FSp-°p-∂-]£w AXv XS-
bp-hm≥ Bsc-s°m≠pw km[yhp-a√
- . F∂v Cu hN-\ßfn¬ A√mlp hy‡-
ambn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.
Hcp ùXnI `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ HutZym-KnI hrØ-Øn¬sh®v DØ-c-
hm-Z-s∏´ Hcp hy‡n B `c-Wm-[n-]s‚ t]cn¬ h√Xpw sIń®-a®v ]d-bp-∂-
]£w AXv cmP-t{Zm-l-hpw, `c-W-`-{Z-X°v lm\n-I-c-hp-ambn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-I-
bpw, hºn® in£m-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v Abmƒ hnt[-b-\m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-a-
t√m. At∏mƒ, ssZhnI \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS ]c-tam-∂-X°pw ]cn-ip-≤-X°pw
If¶w Nm¿Øp-amdv {]hm-N-I-]-Z-hn-bp≈ Hcp ssZh-Zq-X≥ A√m-lp-hns‚
t]cn¬ h√Xpw kz¥w hI-bmbn sIń-®-a-°p-∂-]-£w, bmsXmcp \S-]-Sn-bp-
sa-Sp-°msX At±-lsØ btYjvSw hnl-cn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp hn´p-I-f-bp-
˜
Itbm?! AsXm-cn-°epw kw`-hy-a-√. \_n Xncp-ta\n {]hm-N-IXzw {]Jym-
]n-®-tijw 20¬ ]cw sIm√w Pohn-®p. At\Iw sIt¶-a≥am-cmb i{Xp-°ƒ
Xncp-ta-\nsb hI-h-cp-Øp-hm≥ Hfn™pw sXfn™pw {ia-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-
≠n-cp-∂p. a°x-bnepw aZo-\x-bnepw am{X-a-√, Atd-_ym-bn¬ apgps° \_n
˜ °v i{Xp-°-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS ssI°p-t]mepw Xncp-ta-\n°v A]m-
b-sam∂pw kw`-hn-®n-√. am{X-a-√, A`n-hr-≤n-bn¬\n∂v A`n-hr-≤n-bn-te-°pw,
hnP-bØ - n¬\n∂v hnP-bØ- n-te-°p-am-bn-s°m≠v Ahn-SpsØ {]t_m-[\ - b
- m{X
Ah-km\w hsc XpS¿∂p-t]m-∂p. Xncp-ta\n sImfp-Øn-sh® B kXy-]-Z-
Øns‚ shfn®w Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX hnZq-c-\m-Sp-I-fn¬ BI-am\w hym]n-
˜
°bpw sNbvXp. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS kXy-X°v XnI®pw aXn-bmb Hcp
sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv.
Cu sXfnhv Izp¿-B≥ am{Xw ka¿∏n-°p∂ sXfn-h-√. C∂v \ne-hn-

ep≈ XudmØpw Cu sXfn-hn\v km£yw hln-°p-∂p-≠v. aqkm \_n (A)-
tbmSpw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Xudm-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "\ns∂-
t∏mse Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ Rm≥ Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c≥am-cpsS CS-
bn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬]n®v Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf Ahs‚ \mhn≥ta¬ B°pw;
Rm≥ Ah-t\mSv I¬]n-°p-∂Xv Hs°bpw Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-bpw. Ah¿
Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂ Fs‚ hN-\-ßƒ bmsXm-cp-Ø-s\-¶nepw tIƒ°m-
Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ah-t\mSv Rm≥ tNmZn-°pw. F∂m¬ Hcp {]hm-N-I≥, Rm≥
Ah-t\mSv I¬]n-°mØ hN\w Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ Al-¶m-c-tØmsS {]kvXm-
hn-°p-I-tbm, A\y-ssZ-h-ß-fpsS \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬
B {]hm-N-I≥ ac-W-in£ A\p-`-hn-°-Ww. AXv btlmh Acp-fn-sN-ømØ
hN\w F∂v Rßƒ Fßs\ Adnbpw F∂v \ns‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬
Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ btlm-h-bpsS \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂ Imcyw kw`-hn-
°bpw HØp-h-cn-Ibpw sNøm-™m¬ AXv btlmh Acp-fn-sN-bvX-X√; {]hm-
N-I≥ AXv kzbwIrX-ambn kwkm-cn-®-Xs{X; Ahs\ t]Sn-°-cp-Xv.' (B-
5095
h¿Ø\ ]pkvXIw 18¬ 18 ˛ 22.)
CXn¬, aqkm (A)-s\-t∏mse Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ Ah-cpsS (C-kvdm-

Cu-ey-cp-sS) ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v Fgp-t∂¬∏n-°p-sa∂v ]d-™p-
h-t√m. CXv Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-h¿K-amb Ckvam-Cu-en-I-fn¬ (A-
˜
d-_n-Ifn¬) Fgp-t∂¬∏n°-s∏´ apl-ΩZv Xncp-ta\n -sb-°p-dn-®m-sW-∂Xv
hy‡-am-Wv. Ncn-{X-kz-`m-h-ßƒ sh®v t\m°p-tºmƒ, aqkm \_n (A)-tbmSv
˜
D]-an-°m-hp∂ Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ \_n Xncp-ta\n b-√msX as‰mcp {]hm-N-
I≥ Fgp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-an-√. h√ {]hm-N-I\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬
sIń- ∏ - d - b p- I tbm A\y- s sZ- h - ß - f psS \ma- Ø n¬ kwkm- c n- ° p- I tbm
sNbvXm¬ At±lw sIm√-s∏-S-W-sa∂pw AXn¬ ]d-™p. CXv Izp¿-B≥
ChnsS {]kvXm-hn® AtX Bi-b-amWv Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-°m¿ P¬]n-°p-
˜
∂-Xp-t]m-se, \_n kXy-{]-hm-N-I-\-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ahn-Sp∂v sIm√-
s∏-´p-t]m-tI-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. AXv kw`-hn-®n-√. am{Xtam? ¢SÉædG øe ∂ª°ü©j ¬∏dGh (A-
√mlp \ns∂ a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂v ImØv c£n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv) F∂v hmKvZm\w
˜
\¬In A√mlp \_n °v ss[cy-aq-´p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kXy-{]-hm-N-Is\
Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ XudmØv \n¿t±-in® AS-bm-fw, btlm-h-bpsS (A-√m-lp-
hn-s‚) \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw HØp-hc - n-Ibpw
˜
sNøpI F∂-Xm-W-t√m. CXv \_n -bn¬ km£m¬Ir-X-am-bn-´ps≠∂v
Xo¿®-bm-Wv. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS {]h-N-\-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bmbn ]pe-cm-Ø-Xmbn
H∂pw-Xs∂ CXp-hsc sXfn-bn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√.
Bh¿Ø\ ]pkvX-I-Ønse Ah-km\ kq‡-Øn¬ "tamsi-sb-

t∏mse Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ bnkvdm-tb-en¬ ]ns∂ D≠m-bn-ń√' F∂v {]Jym-]n-
®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Cu hmNIw aqkm \_n (A)bpsS ImeØp≈ Xudm-
Øn¬ D≈-X-√˛ ]n¬°m-eØv Btcm Fgp-Xn-t®¿Ø-Xm-Wv˛ F∂v {]mY-
anI _p≤n-bp-≈-h-cmcpw kΩ-Xn-°pw. (C-Xp-t]mse thsd NneXpw AXn¬
D≠v) AXv B¿ Fgp-Xn-t®¿Ø-Xm-bmepw icn, AsX-gpXnt®¿Ø-Imew hsc
aqkm (A)-s\-t∏mse Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ D≠m-bn-ń√ Ft∂ AXn-\¿∞-ap-f-fq.
AXn-∂p-tijw Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cn¬ Xs∂-tbm, As√-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw ImeØv
Ckvam-Cu-en-I-fntem D≠m-bn-ń-s√∂v B hm°n\v A¿∞-an√. F∂m¬
Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS Imew hsc B {]hm-N-I≥ h∂n-ń-s√-∂pw, AXph-
scbpw B {]hm-N-Is‚ hchv Ah¿ ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw \ne-
hn-ep≈ C≥Po-en¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. tbml-∂m-t\m-Sv˛ blvbm \_n
(A)-tbm-Sv˛ blq-Z-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ h∂p tNmZyw sNbvX-t∏mƒ, At±lw:
"Rm≥ {InkvXp-h-√, Gen-bm-hp-a-√, B {]hm-N-I-\p-a√' F∂v adp-]Sn ]d-
™-Xmbpw At∏mƒ Ah¿: "\o {InkvXp-h√; Gen-bm-hp-a-√, B {]hm-N-I-
\p-a√ F¶n¬ \o kv\m\w Ign-∏n-°p-∂Xv F¥m-sW∂v' Ah¿ At±-lt- ØmSv
5096
tNmZn-®-Xmbpw AXn¬ ImWmw. (tbm-l-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jw, 1: 19 ˛ 25)
CXn¬\n∂v c≠v Imcy-ßƒ hy‡-am-Ip∂p: (1) Ah¿ Genbm (É«∏jEG)-

hn\pw {InkvXp (≈°ù«Y)-hn\pw ]pdsa Hcp {]tXyI {]hm-N-Is\ (»ÑædG) {]Xo-
£n-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.(2) B {]hm-N-I≥ AXp-h-tc°pw h∂p Ign-™n-ń√.
˜
B {]hm-N-I≥ apl-ΩZv \_n -b-√msX a‰m-cmWv?! Xudm-Øn¬ {]h-Nn-°-
s∏´ B {]hm-N-I≥ tbmiphm {]hm-N-I\m (´` ™°Tƒj)Wv F∂v thZ-°m¿ ]d-
bm-dp-≈Xv icn-b-s√∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. ]t£, bYm¿∞w ]pe¿∂p-
I-≠mepw kXy-Øns‚ t\¿°v IÆ-S®p Zp¿\ym-b-ßƒ ]d™p Xr]vXn
AS-bp-∂Xv Akq-b-°m-cpsS ]Xn-hm-W-t√m. AXn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n -bn¬ BZy-ambn hniz-kn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv thZ-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
t\sc-a-dn®v Ah¿ BZyta IÆ-S®p Ahn-iz-kn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. AXp-
sIm-≠mWv Ahsc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®p A√mlp Cßs\ ]d-™Xpw: AXn¬
H∂m-aX- mbn Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂h- ¿ \nß-fm-hc
- p-Xv. Fs‚ Bb-Øp-Iƒ°v Aev]-
amb hne hmßp-Ibpw Acp-Xv. (41:Iô≤ÑdG - ïdG ¬H ôaÉc ∫hCG GƒfƒµJ ’h)
Izp¿-B≥ a\p-jy-km-ln-Xy-a-√, AXv Ihn-X-bp-a-√, {]iv\-°m-cs‚

Cf-In-bm-´-hp-a-√, ]nim-Nns‚ Zp¿t_m-[-\-hp-a-√, AXn-s\√mw D]-cn-bmb Hcp
bYm¿∞-hp-am-W-Xv. AsX, AXv ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw Znhy-h-N-\-ß-fm-Wv. Cu
kXyw AXns‚ i{Xp-°-fn¬ ]ecpw icn°pw a\- n-em-°n-bn-´ps≠∂p-≈Xv
Hcp ]c-am¿∞w am{X-am-Ip-∂p. ]t£, 49 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]m-
se, Ah¿ AXns\ \mhp-sIm≠pw {]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw hymP-am-°p-hm≥Xs∂
Dd-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv Ft∂-bp-≈q. Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬, AØ-c-°m-cn¬s]´
Nne Bfp-I-fn¬\n∂v ˛ap≥Im-eØpw C°m-e-Øpw˛ B ]c-am¿∞w ]pdØv
NmSm-dp-≠vXm-\pw. ASpØ ImesØ Hcp DZm-l-cWw \ap-°n-hnsS FSp-Øp-
Im-Wn-°mw. a¿lqw A√mamx kønZv djoZv dnZzm At±-l-Øns‚ {]kn≤
{KŸ-amb "A¬hlvbp¬ apl-ΩZo' (…~ªÙG »MƒdG)-bn¬ ˛\n-jv]-£-a-Xn-I-fmb
˜
B[p-\nI Nn¥-I≥am-cn¬ Nne¿ \_n sbbpw Izp¿-B-s\bpw kw_-‘n®v
Ah-cpsS hni-Zo-Ic - W
- h
- pw, aXn∏pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bX
- n-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°p∂
as≤y˛ Hcp ùXnIhmZn-bmb in_veoip-a-ho¬ (πjƒª°T »∏Ñ°T) At±-l-Øn-\-
b® Hcp IØv D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (*) AXn-ß-s\-bmWv:˛
"Xm¶ƒ apl-Ω-Zns\ Hcp {]hm-N-I-s\∂ \ne°v t\m°n-°m-Wp-I-

(*) XXz-im-kv{X-]-WvUn-X-\mb Ct±lw BZyw Hcp kndn-b≥ ItØm-
en° hn`m-K-Øn¬s]´ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv ]Zm¿∞-hm-Zn-bm-bn-
Øo¿∂p. {]kn-≤-amb "A¬a-\m¿'(QÉæŸG á∏›) amkn-I-bn¬ \_n Xncp-
ta\n sb kw_-‘n®v Xm≥ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp∂ Nne teJ-\-ßƒ I≠ Ah-˜
k-c-Øn-emWv B IØv At±lw X\n°v Ab-®-sX∂pw, B IØv !!
5097
bpw, At±-lsØ Hcp alm-\mbn KWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Rm≥ At±-lsØ
Hcp alm-s\∂ \ne°v t\m°n-°m-Wp-Ibpw AXn-a-lm-\mbn KWn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. \mw aX-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ c≠v ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-amb hi-ß-fn-em-
Wp-≈-sX-¶nepw hnim-e-_p-≤n-bn-epw, \njvI-f-¶-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw
\mw tbmPn-°p-∂p. AXv \ap-°n-S-bn¬ kvt\l-_‘w IqSp-X¬ Dd-∏n-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv.' ]n∂oSv XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v At±lw Xmsg ImWp∂ Cu Ihn-Xbpw
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛
päÉnjÉn¨rdG pánªrëo∏pd oAÉnënf r~nb Éne p¬pfBGrôob in~n°S »pa ~sªnëoe røpe rńO
päÉnjC’G pºnµrëoªpH s¿nôoØrcCG rπng p¬pæjp~pH oärônØnc r~nb o∑CG r¿EGnh »ufEG
päÉn¶pYnh inƒn¡r∏pd n´pOGnhnQ mºrµpM øpe p®ÉnØrdCÉrdG ™p°UÉnf »pa ränƒnM Éne rhCG
päGnOÉn©rdÉpH n¿Gnôrªo©rdG Gho~s«nb Éne Én¡pH CGƒo∏n≤nY rºo¡sfnCG rƒnd p™pFGnôn°Tnh
päÉnªp∏nµrdG ≈nØn£r°üoe pánMÉ°ünØrdG sÜoQ o¬sfEGnh oº«pµnërdGnh oôuHn~oªrdG nºr©pf
päGnQÉn¨rdG ‘ ôr°üsædG o∞«p∏nM lπn£nH ≈gq~dGh mán°SÉ«u°ùdG oπoLnQ ≈épërdG oπoLnQ
äÉª¡ædG n≈∏nY ≈nërfCG p¬pØr«°ùHnh ≈n¡tædG nÖn∏nZ~b ¿BGrôo≤rdG pánZnÓnÑpH
mäG rhCG môp°VÉnM rhCG m≥pHÉn°S røpe inQnƒrdG uπoc »pa o∫Én£rHCÉrdG p¬pfhoO røpe
kmcw Cßs\ kw{K-ln°mw:
(1) apl-ΩZv At±lØns‚ e£y-ßƒ°p-th≠n Xs‚ Izp¿-B∂p

DuSpw ]mhpw sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv Xm\ßv hnt´-°p-I.
(2) Rm≥ At±-l-Øns‚ aX-Øn¬ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-

epw, B {]_e ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ F\n°v Ahn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°ptam?!
(3) As√-¶n¬, X∂n-jvS-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p∂ XXz⁄m-\-ß-fpw,

kZp-]-tZ-i-ß-fp-ambn B \n¿ae samgn-I-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≈-Xn-epw,epw, B
{]_e ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ F\n°v Ahn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°ptam?!
"" A¬a-\m¿ 11 ˛mw ]pkvXIw 1 ˛mw e°-Øn¬ {]kn≤w sNbvXn-

cp-∂p-sh∂pw dioZv dnZzm (d) AXn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
5098
(4) AXns‚ \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bnepw F\n°v Ahn-iz-kn-°mtam?! Ah-

sb-∏‰n P\-ßƒ icn°v {Kln-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Nne amaq-em-Nm-c-ßƒ hgn
\mK-cn-I-Xsb Ah¿ sIń-°p-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
(5) hfsc \√ Bkq-{X-I-\pw, XXz-⁄m-\n-bps{X At±lw! hmNm-

e-X-bpsS {]`phpw hN-\-ß-fn¬ DØ-a-KpWw kn≤n-®-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
(6) _p≤n-am≥! `c-W-I¿Ømhv! X{¥-⁄≥! ka-c-ho-c≥! B{I-a-

W-ß-fn¬ hnPbw t\Sn-b-h≥!
(7) Izp¿-Bs‚ kmln-Xy-ssh-`-hw-sIm≠v At±lw _p≤n-Isf

Pbn®S°nbn-cn-°p∂p; Xs‚ hmfp-sIm≠v inc- p-Isf t\cn-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂p.
(8) Ign-™p-t]m-b-h-tcm, \ne-hn-ep-≈-h-tcm, hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂-htcm

Bb F√m P\-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ hoc≥amcpw At±-l-Øns‚ Xmsg am{X-am-Ip-
∂p.
]cn-ip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ aln-a-Ifpw \_n bpsS khn-tij KpW- ˜

ßfpw ]eXpw Npcp-ßnb hm°p-If - n¬ ka¿∞-ambn Cu ]Zy-ßf- n¬ At±lw
Nq≠n-°mńbn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, AXns‚ Znhy-Xsb kΩ-Xn-°p-I-
tbm, AXns‚ {]t_m-[-\-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Itbm At±lw sNøp-∂n-√, CXv
Gsd-°psd a\x-]q¿hw Xs∂-bms-W-∂ hkvXpX Ihn-X-bpsS BZysØ hcn-
I-fn¬ Hfn-™p-In-S-∏p-s≠∂v thWw ]d-bp-hm≥. Izp¿-B≥ A√m-lp-hns‚
hN-\-am-sW∂v Xpd∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-hm≥ ]Zm¿∞-hm-Zn-bmb At±-l-Øns‚
\mhn\v km[y-am-bn-s√-t∂-bp-≈q. Izp¿-Bs‚ e£y-ß-fn¬ k¿∆-{]-[m-\-am-
bXv A√m-lp-hnepw ]c-tem-I-Øn-ep-ap≈ hnizm-khpw t_m[hpw D≠m-hp-
I-bm-W-t√m. ]t£, ùXnI ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬IqSn am{X-amWv Xm≥ Izp¿Bs\
hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-sX-∂pw, ]mc-{Xn-Ihpw ssZhn-I-hp-amb hi-ßsf Z¿in-°p-
hm≥ Xm≥ an\-s°-Sp-∂n-s√∂pw BZyta Ihn Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Aß-
s\, Izp¿-Bs‚ Nne hi-ßsf Xpd∂v ImWn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\mb
At±lw kza-\- ns\ h©n-®p-sIm≠v AXns‚ {][m\ hi-ßfpsS t\sc
au\w Zo£n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Gsd-°psd
in_veoip-a-ho-ens‚ amXr-I-bn-ep≈ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn-d-°p∂ Nne apkvenw
ùXn-I-hmZnIsfbpw ImWm-dp-≠v. sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ \∑°v DX-Ip∂
Izp¿-Bs‚ \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßsf hmt\mfw {]iw-kn-°p-I-bpw, AtXm-sSm∏w
]mc-{XnI Pohn-XsØ kw_-‘n-°p∂ B≤ym-flnI hi-ß-sf-°p-dn®v au\w
Ah-ew-_n-°p-Itbm Ah-K-Wn-°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bp-am-bn-cn°pw Ch-cp-sSbpw
5099
]Xn-hv. \_n ˜ Hcn-°¬ Da-ø-Øp_v\p A_n-kzvkz-eØn (â∏°üdG »HCG øH á«eCG)-
s\- ∏ ‰n {]kv X m- h n- ® - X mWv CØ- c - ° m- s c- ° p- d n®pw ]d- b p- h m- \ p- ≈ Xv :
¬Ñ∏b øeDƒj ⁄h √ô©°T øeBG (A-bm-fpsS IhnX hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p: lrZbw hniz-kn-®n-
ń-√.) Izp¿-B≥ B¿°mWv D]-tbm-K{- ]-Za - m-bn-Øo-cpI F∂v A√mlp ASpØ
hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv ImWpI:
!48! \n›-ba
- m-bpw, AXv [Izp¿-
B≥] `b-`-‡≥am¿°v Hcp kvac-
W-bm-Ip-∂p.
49! \n›-b-am-bpw, \ap-°-dn-
bmw, \nß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Nne
hymP-am-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-s≠-∂v.
50! \n›-ba - m-bpw, AXv Ahn-

izm-kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ tJZ (Im-c-W)-
hp-a-s{X.
48! \n›-b-ambpw AXv, CXv Hcp kvacW (D-]-tZ-iw˛ D¬t_m-

[-\w) BIp∂p kq£n-°p-∂-h¿°v, `b`-‡≥am¿°v !49!
\n›-b-ambpw \mw Adn-bp-∂p, \ap-°-dnbmw \nß-fn-ep-s≠∂v
(Nn-e) hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿ !50! \n›-b-ambpw AXv tJZw Xs∂,
k¶-S-am-Wv, ZpxJ-tl-Xp-hm-Ip∂p Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsSta¬
kq£vaX ]men-°p∂ `b-`‡≥am-cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn°pw
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Izp¿-B≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. AXp-sIm≠mWv ]e-t∏mgpw
"Izp¿-B≥ `b-`‡≥am¿°v kvac-W-bm-Wv, `b-`-‡≥am¿°v am¿K-Z¿i-\-
amWv' F∂pw a‰pw A√mlp ]d™p ImWp∂-Xv. Izp¿-Bs\ hymP-am°n
\ntj-[n-°p-∂h - s
- c-∏‰n A√mlp icn°pw Adn-bm-™n-´√ Ahsc X¬°mew
Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Adn-™pw-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-W-Xv. AXns‚ êw
Ah¿ A\p`-hn-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv 49 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚
kmcw. Izp¿-Bs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v AXv hnP-b-Øn\pw tam£-Øn\pw Imc-
W-am-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se, AXn¬ Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v AXv tJZ-Øn\pw ZpxJ-
Øn\pw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Izp¿-B≥ aptJ\ k÷-\-ßƒ°v e`n-°p∂
t\´-ßƒ ImWp-tºmƒ hnti-jn®pw Ah¿ Xß-sf-∏‰n tJZn-°p-a-t√m.
CXmWv 50 ˛mw hN-\Ø - n¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂X
- v. thZ-{K-Ÿhpw dkqepw Ah¿°v
h∂p Ign-™n-ń-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXns‚ t]cn¬ Ah¿°v Hcp hn[-Øn¬
5100
Hgn-hp-I-gnhv ka¿∏n®p t\m°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. Izp¿-B\pw dkqepw h∂p-I-gn-
™-Xp-sIm≠v F\n AXn-\p≈ ]gpXpw AS-™p-t]m-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. (20: 134:
28: 47 apX-embh t\m°p-I.)
!51! \n›-b-am-bpw, CXv ZrV-
amb bYm¿∞-am-Ip-∂p.
52! BI- b m¬, \o \ns‚
alm- \ mb d∫ns‚ \ma- Ø n¬
"Xkv_ol' [kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w]
sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-I.
51! \n›-b-ambpw CXv, AXv bmYm¿∞w, (k-Xyw˛ Imcyw, ]c-

am¿∞w) Xs∂ ZrV (D-d-∏m-b) !52! BI-bm¬ Xkv_olv
(kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø-\w) sNøp-I, ]cn-ip-≤-s∏-Sp-ØpI \ns‚ d∫ns‚
\ma-Øn¬, \masØ alm-\mb
kqd-Øp¬˛ hmIznAx (á©bGƒdG IQƒ°S)bpsS Ah-km-\sØ c≠v hN-\-ßfpw
Ah-bpsS hnh-c-Whpw ChnsSbpw Hm¿°pI.
5101
`mKw 29 êQÉ©ŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 70 aB-cnPv
5102
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
êQÉ©ŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
70. kqdØp¬ aB-cnPv

]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! kw`-hn(-°p-hm-\n-cn)-°p∂
in£sb Hcp tNmZy- I ¿Ømhv
tNmZn-®m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv,˛
2!(A-sX) Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v
(kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv); AXns\ XSp-°p-
∂-sXm∂pw (X-s∂) C√,˛
3! Ib-dn-t∏m-Ip∂ ÿm\-ß-
fpsS A[n- ] - \ mb A√m- l p-
hn¬\n∂v (kw-`hn-°p-∂-Xv).
4! ae- ° p- I fpw "dqlpw'
[Bflmhpw] Ah-¶-te°v Ib-dn-
t∏m- I p- ∂ p, ˛A- º - X n- \ m- b ncw
sIm√w hep∏w D≈-Xmb Hcp Znh-
k-Øn¬!
5!F∂m¬ (\-_n-tb), \o `wKn-

bmb £a ssI sIm≈p-I.
5103
! 6! \n›- b - a mbpw Ah¿
AXns\ hnZq- c - a mb H∂mbn
ImWp∂p;
7! \mw AXns\ ASp- Ø -
Xmbpw ImWp-∂p.
1! tNmZn®p (B-hi
- y-s∏-´p) Hcp tNmZn-°p-∂h
- ≥, tNmZy-I¿Ømhv
(H-cmƒ) in£-sb, in£°v kw`hn-°p∂ !2! Ahn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°v AXn-\n√ - Xm-∂pw, Hcp XShpw !3!
XSp-°p-∂s A-
√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v Ib-dp∂ am¿K-ß-fpsS (B-tcm-l-W-ÿm-\-ß-
fp-sS˛ tkm]m-\-ß-fp-sS˛ ]Z-hn-I-fp-sS) DS-a-bmb (A-[n-]-\m-b) !4!
Ib-dp-∂p, Btcm-lWw sNøpw ae-°p-Iƒ dqlpw (B-flm-
hpw) Ah-¶-te°v Hcp Znh-k-Øn¬ AXns‚ tXmXv
(A-f-hv˛ hep-∏w˛ IW-°v) BIp∂p Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√w
!5! F∂m¬ £an-°pI `wKn-bmb (\-√) £a !6!
\n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ AXns\ ImWp∂p hnZq-c-am-sW∂v, Zqc-s∏-´-Xmbn
!7! \ma-Xns\ ImWp-Ibpw sNøp∂p ASp-Ø-Xmbn
hmN-I-L-S-\-bn¬ ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´p-sIm-≠p≈ Cu aq∂v hN-

\-ßƒ°pw IqSn H∂n®v Cßs\ A¿∞w \¬Imw: Ib-dn-t∏m-Ip∂ ÿm\-
ß-fpsS A[n-]-\mb A√m-lp-hns‚ `mK-Øp-\n-∂p≈ bmsXm-cp-hn[ XShpw
D≠m-bn-cn-°mØ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v kw`-hn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂ in£sb Hcmƒ
tNmZn-®m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. hymJym\w Xmsg hcp-∂p-≠v.
êQÉ©ŸG (a-B-cn-Pv) F∂ hm°n\v "Ib-dp∂ ÿm\-ßƒ' F∂s{X

hm°¿∞w. tImWn-∏-Sn-Iƒ, tkm]m-\-ßƒ, Db¿∂-]-Z-hn-Iƒ, Btcm-l-W-
am¿K-ßƒ F∂n-ßs\ ]e A¿∞-ßfpw AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNømw. F∂m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-j-W-ambn "Ib-dn-s®-√p∂ ÿm\-ß-
fpsS A[n-]≥(êQÉ©ŸG …P)' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ H∂n-e-[nIw
A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≠v. ChnsS êQÉ©ŸG sIm≠p-t±iyw BIm-i-ß-fm-sW-∂pw, BIm-
i-ß-fn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Ib-dn-t∏m-Ip∂ {]tXy-I-ÿm-\-ß-fm-sW-∂pw, Db¿∂-
]-Z-hn-Iƒ F∂m-sW∂pw a‰p-amWv B A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ. F∂m¬, sXm´-h-N-
\-Øn¬, B hm°ns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-sa-t∂mWw "ae-°p-Ifpw dqlqw Ah-\n-
te°v Ib-dn-s®-√p∂p'(¬«dG ìhôdGh áµÄ∏ŸG êô©J) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°-sIm≠v ae-°p-
Iƒ Ib-dn-s®-√p∂ ÿm\-ßƒ F∂v sh°p-∂-Xn-\mWv IqSp-X¬ \ymbw
5104
ImWp-∂X - v. AYhm BIm-item-Iß - f- n¬ ae-°p-Iƒ°v Ib-dn-s®-√m-hp-∂Xpw
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw \ne-]m-S-\p-k-cn®v hyXykvX ]Z-hn-I-tfmSp IqSn-b-Xp-
amb ÿm\-ß-fm-bn-cn°mw Ah. hmkvXhw A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw.
"dqlv' (ìhôdG) sIm≠p-t±iyw Pn_vco¬ (A) F∂ ae-°m-sW-∂mWv

A[nI hymJym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. Pn_vcoens\ Dt±-in®p "dqlv'
F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v, Izp¿-B-\nepw Aßs\ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (kq:
ipA-dm-Dv, 193 Dw hymJym-\hpw t\m°p-I.) At∏mƒ, ae-°p-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬
{]ap-J≥ At±-l-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v ae-°p-I-sf-∏‰n samØ-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-
tijw At±-l-Øns‚ t]¿ {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™-Xmbncn°mw. a\p-jym-
flm-°-fmWv AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-iy-sa-∂s{X as‰mcp A`n-{]m-bw. thsdbpw A`n-
{]m- b - a p- ≠ v. Aº- X n- \ m- b ncw sIm√sØ hep- ∏ - a p≈ Znhkw
(áæ°S ∞dCG Ú°ùªN √QG~≤e ¿Éc Ωƒj) F∂v ]d-™Xv Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fm-Ip-∂p. XpS¿∂p≈
Bb-Øp-Iƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ CXv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX, \_n-h-N-
\-ß-fn¬\n∂v CXv hy‡-ambpw a\- n-em-°mw. \_n Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn˜
A_q-lpdbvdx (d) D≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Yn¬ C{]-Imcw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv: "IS-
a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰msX [\w \nt£-]n-®p-sh-°p-∂-hs‚ [\w XIn-Sp-I-fm°n \c-
Im-·n-bm¬ Np´p-]-gp-∏n®v Ahs‚ s\‰nbpw `mK-ßfpw apXpIpw AXp-sIm≠v
s]m≈n-°pw. \nßƒ FÆn-h-cp∂ Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√sØ hep-∏-ap≈
Hcp Znhkw A√mlp Ahs‚ ASn-bm≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ hn[n-I¬]n-°p-∂-Xp-
h-tc°pw AX-ßn-s\-bn-cn-°pw. ]ns∂ Ahs‚ hgn H∂p-In¬ kz¿K-Øn-
tet°m As√-¶n¬ \c-I-Øn-tet°m Ah≥ ImWpw.' (A; ap.)
F∂m¬, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw, B Znh-k-Øns‚

hºn® ssZ¿Lyw Ah¿°v Hcp km[m-cW \n¿_-‘-\-a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ka-
b-Ø-°mƒ eLq-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂v AlvaZpw ss_l-Izobpw (d) a‰pw
D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n´p≠v. At∏mƒ, Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√sØ
hep∏w F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, Ahn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw B Znhkw A{Xbpw ssZ¿Lyw tXm∂p-∂-Xpw, hnjaw \nd-™-
Xp-am-Wv F∂m-bn-cn-°pw. AX-√, icn°pw IrXy-amb Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√w
Xs∂-bm-Wp-t±-iy-sa∂pw hcm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. hmkvXhw A√m-lp-hn-\d - n-bmw. kq:
kP-Zx-bn¬ A√mlp C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p: "Ah≥ BIm-i-Øp-
\n∂v `qan-bn-te°v Imcyw \nb-{¥n-®p-h-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv \nßƒ FÆn-h-cp∂
Bbncw sIm√w hep-∏-ap≈ Hcp Znh-k-Øn¬ AXv Ah-¶-te°v Ibdn (D-
b¿∂v) t]mIp-∂p.' 5:I~é°ùdG -¿h~©J É‡ áæ°S ∞dCG ¬dƒb ¤EG- AÉª°ùdG øe ôeC’G ôH~j Cu c≠v
hN-\-ßfpw Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fns\ kw_-‘n-®p-X-s∂-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. B \mfn-
se Nne hyXykvX L´-ß-sf-bmWv CXv Ipdn-°p-∂-sX-∂-s{X Nne hymJym-
Xm-°fpsS A`n-{]m-bw. Bbncw sIm√-sa-∂pw, Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√-sa∂pw
5105
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Hcmƒ C_v\p A∫mkv (d)-t\mSv tNmZn-°p-I-bp-
≠m-sb-∂pw, At±lw C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn \¬In-sb∂pw C_v\p-P-co¿ (d)
D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p: º∏YCG ’ ÉÃ ¬∏dG ÜÉàc ‘ ∫ƒbCG ¿CG √ôcGh Éª¡H º∏YCG ¬∏dG ¬∏dG ÉªgôcP ¿Éeƒj Éªg (kmcw:
Aßs\ c≠v Znh-k-ß-sf-∏‰n A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-sb-∏‰n
A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. A√m-lp-hns‚ InØm-_n¬ F\n°v Adn-bm-Ø-Xn-s\-
°p-dn®v ]d-bp-hm≥ Rm≥ aSn-°p-∂p.) \ap°pw ChnsS ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv CXp-
X-s∂. kq: kPZx 5 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn® kwK-
Xn-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿°p-I.
CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ ae-°p-Ifpw dqlpw˛ AYhm Pn_vcoepw As√-
¶n¬ a\p-jym-flm-hpw˛ A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v Ib-dn-s®√pw F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚
Xm¬]-cyhpw F¥m-sW∂v \ap°v Xn´-s∏SpØn-]-d-bp-hm≥ km[y-a-√. kq:
kP-Zx-bnse Bb-Øn¬ "]n∂oSv Bbn-cw-sIm√w hep-∏-ap≈ Hcp Znhkw
Imcyw A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v Ib-dp∂p' F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. kq: ^mXzn-dn¬
"\√ hm°p-Iƒ Ah-¶-te°v Ib-dp-∂p, k¬°¿asØ Ah-¶-te°v Db-
¿ØpIbpw sNøp∂p' (10: ôWÉa-ïdG Ö«£dG º∏µdG ~©°üj ¬«dG) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu c≠v hN-\-ßfpw Ah-bpsS hymJym-\-Øn¬ hmbn® kwK-Xn-Ifpw Chn-
sSbpw Hm¿°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. kq: lqZv 123¬ ¬∏c ôeC’G ™Lôj ¬«dEGh (Im-cy-ß-
sf√mw Ah-¶-te°v aS-°-s∏Sp∂p) F∂v ]d™n-´p-≈Xpw {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip-
∂p. "ae-°p-Ifpw dqlpw Ah-¶-te°v Ibdpw' F∂ hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw
a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v CsX√mw klm-b-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. A¥n-a-amb \S-
]-Sn-bp-sSbpw Xocp-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw Znh-k-am-Wt√m Iznbm-a-Øv -\mƒ. A∂v
ae-°p-Ifpw Bflm-°-fp-sa√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ lmP-cm-
Ip-sa-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
hfsc hnNn-{X-amb Hcp hymJym\w Nne ]pØ≥ hymJym-\-°m¿

ChnsS \S-Øn-°m-Wp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ ]ptcm-K-a\w ChnSwsIm-≠-h-km-\n-
°p-∂n-√, ac-Wm-\¥ - c- hpw Ah≥ ]ptcm-Ka
- n-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw,-Aß
- s\ Hcp
Aº-Xn-\m-bncw sIm√w ˛AYhm Zo¿L-amb Hcp Imew˛ sIm≠v Ah≥
]ptcm-K-an®p A√m-lp-hn-¶-se-Øn-t®-cpw, CXn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Ahs\ klm-
bn-®p-sIm-≠p-an-cn-°pw."Fs∂m-s°-bmWv ae-°p-Ifpw dqlpw A√m-lp-hn-
te°v Ib-dn-s®√pw' F∂ hmIy-Øn\v Ch¿ \¬Ip∂ hymJym-\w. ]ptcm-K-
a-\-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW∂v kzbw A`n-am-\n-°p-∂-h-cpsS ZrjvSnbn¬ Cu hymJym\w
Hcp ]t£ ck-I-c-am-bn-tØm-∂m-sa-¶n-epw, kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v CXn-t\mSv
tbmPn-°p-hm≥ am¿Kw ImWp-∂n-√. Imc-Ww, Cu hymJym\w a\p-jys\
A√m-lp-hn-t\mfw Db¿Øp-I-bpw, AtX ka-bØv A√m-lp-hns\ a\p-jy-
\n-te°v XmgvØp-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂-sX∂v A¬]w Btem-Nn-®m¬ Adn-bm-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. (¬∏dG PÉ©e) F{X-X-s∂˛ F{X-Im-ew-X-s∂˛ ]ptcm-K-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-
∂mepw A√m-lp-hns‚ ÿm\w {]m]n-°p-hm≥ a\p-jy-\m-I-s´, a‰m¿s°-¶n-
5106
ep-am-Is´ km[y-a-√-X-s∂. (∂dP øY ¬∏dG ¤É©J) "]ptcm-K-a\w' F∂ hm°v Dcp-hn-
Sp-∂-Xp-t]mepw Hcp ]ptcm-K-a-\-ambn Icp-Xp∂ CØ-c-°m-sc-∏‰n \ap°v CtX
]d-bp-hm-\p-≈q √Q~b ≥M ¬∏dG GhQ~b Éeh (A-h¿ A√m-lp-hns\ IW-°m-t°≠
{]Imcw Ahs\ IW-°m-°n-bn-√)
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v in£ e`n-

°p-∂-Xm-sW-∂pw, AXv XSbphm≥ Bcmepw km[y-a-s√∂pw \_n ˜
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-Xns\ ]cn-l-kn-®p-sIm≠v Aß-s\-bp-s≠-¶n¬ B in£
Ct∏mƒXs∂ H∂v ImWs´ F∂v apivcn°p-Iƒ Bh-iy-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. "A√m-
lpth! Ch≥ ]d-bp∂ CsXm-s°-Ø-s∂-bmWv ]c-am¿∞-sa-¶n¬ \o I√p-
ag h¿jn-∏n-°p-I-tbm, thZ-\-tb-dnb GsX-¶nepw in£ Rßƒ°v Xcp-
Itbm sNbvtX-°pI!' F∂v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ]d-™-Xmbn kq: A≥^m¬
32 ¬ A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Cß-s\-bp≈ Ah-cpsS ]cn-lmk tNmZy-
ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv Cu kqd-Øns‚ BZy-h-N\w apX¬°p≈ kwkm-cw.
kµ¿`-h-im¬ CS-°p-sh®v AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-ß-sf∂ \ne°v
a‰p Nne hkvXp-XIfpw hnh-cn-®p. AXn-\p-ti-jw, Ahn-izm-kn-If - psS AØcw
]cn-lm-kh - m-°p-Is
- f-°p-dn®v H´pw Akzm-ÿy-s∏-Sc
- p-sX-∂pw, \√-t]mse £a
˜
ssIsIm-≈-W-sa∂pw \_n sb D]-tZ-in-®p. Ah¿ Aßs\ ]cn-l-kn-
°p-hm\pw in£°v [rXn Iq´p-hm\pw Imc-Ww, AXv hfsc hnZq-chpw Akw-
`-hy-hp-ambn Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW-∂pw, F∂m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
ASp-°¬ AXv H´pw hnZq-ctam {]bm-k-s∏-´tXm As√∂pw ]d™p \_n
˜ sb kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]cn-l-kn®v
[rXn-Iq-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ B in£-bp-sSbpw, AXv kw`-hn-°p∂ B Znh-
k-Øn-s‚bpw Kuc-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p:˛
!8! BImiw FÆ-°oSw (A-

Yhm teml {Zmh- I w) t]mse
Bbn-Øo-cp∂ Znh-kw. (A-∂mWv
B in£ kw`-hn-°p-I.)
9! ]¿∆-X-ßƒ IS-™-tcmaw
t]mse Bbn- Ø o- c p- I bpw
sNøp∂ (Zn-h-kw).
10! Hcp D‰-_-‘phpw (a-‰v)

Hcp D‰ _‘p-hn-t\mSv (H-∂pw)
tNmZn-°p-∂-Xp-a-√.
5107
!11! Ah¿°v Ahsc ImWn-
°-s∏Spw. (F-∂mepw ]c-kv]cw
Ah¿ At\z-jn-°-bn-√.) Ip‰-hm-
fn-bm-bp≈h≥ sImXn°pw; Xs‚
a°sf ({]m- b - › n- Ø - a m-
°n)s°m≠v A∂sØ in£-
bn¬\n∂v Xm≥ tamN\w t\Sn-bn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬ (\-∂m-tb-t\)!˛
12! (am-{X-a-√) Xs‚ kl-
[¿an-Wn-sb-bpw, Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-
s\bpw sIm≠pw;˛
13! X\n°v (c-£m) kt¶Xw
\¬In-bn-cp∂ Xs‚ _‘p-Ip-Spw-
_-ß-sf-sIm-≠pw,˛
14! (A-{X-bp-a√
- ) `qan-bn-ep-≈-
hsc apgp-h≥sIm-≠pw, F∂n´v
(t]m-epw) AX-hs\ c£-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ (\-∂m-tbt\ F∂v
sImXn-°pw)!
8! Bbn-Øo-cp∂ Znhkw BImiw FÆ-°o-Sw-

t]m-se, teml-{Zm-hIw t]mse !9! ]¿∆-Xß
- ƒ Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
tcma-Øqƒ (I-S-™-tcmaw, IS-™ Nmbw ap°nb tcmaw) t]mse
!10! tNmZn-°p-I-bp-an√ Hcp D‰-_-‘p-hpw, Nßm-Xnbpw
Hcp D‰-_-‘p-thmSv !11! Ah¿°v Ahsc Imń-sIm-Sp-°-s∏Spw (Im-
Wp-am-dm-°pw) sImXn-°pw, tamln°pw Ip‰-hm-fn, alm-]m]n
Ah≥ tamN\w t\Sn-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, sX≠w \¬Imam-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ (F-∂v)
in£-bn¬ \n∂v A∂sØ Xs‚ a°-sf-sIm≠v !12!
Ahs‚ Iq´p-Imcn (k-l-[¿an-Wn˛ `mcy)-sbbpw Xs‚ ktlm-
Z-c-s\bpw !13! Ahs‚ _‘p-Ip-Spw-_-ß-sfbpw Ah\v
kt¶Xw (c-£˛ A`bw) \¬Ip-∂-Xmb !14! `qan-bn-ep-≈-h-
scbpw apgp-h\pw ]ns∂ (F-∂n-´v) AX-hs\ c£-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
cp∂p (sh-¶n¬ F∂v)
5108
Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fmb Zp¿P-\-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw B Znh-k-Ønse `b-
¶-c-Xbpw kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ßfpw F¥p-am-{X-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v A√mlp Nq≠n-
°m-´p-I-bm-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw Ahs‚ Imcyw am{X-a-√m-sX, a‰p-≈-h-sc-
∏‰n h√ hnNm-ctam At\z-j-Wtam D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. Xm\-√m-Ø-hsc apgp-
h≥ _en-sIm-Sp-Øn-s´-¶nepw X\n°v c£-In-ń-bm¬ aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-
bn-cn°pw Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw sImXn-°p-I. ]t£, ê-sa¥v?! A√mlp \sΩ
ImØp-c-£n-°-s´, Bao≥. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
!15! AXp-th≠m [B sImXn-

th≠m]! \n›- b - a m- b pw, AXv
efzm [Bfn-°-Øp∂ \cIw]
BIp∂p!
16! Xe-bpsS sXmen (D-cn-®p)
\o°p-∂Xv!˛
17! ]nt∂m°w t]mIp-Ibpw

Xncn-™p-If
- b
- p-Ibpw sNbvXh
- sc
AXv hnfn-°pw,˛
18! tiJ- c n®p Iq´p- I bpw
F∂n´v (Nn-e-h-gn-°m-sX) kq£n-
®p-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvX (h-sc).
15! Aß- s \- b - √ , AXp- t h≠m \n›- b - a mbpw AXv

"efzm'bmWv (B-fn-°-Øp∂ \c-I-am-Wv) !16! \o°n (D-cn-®p) If-bp-
∂-Xm-bn´v Xe-bpsS sXmen-sb, N¿a-ß-sf, Xe-tbm-ńs\ !17!
AXv hnfn°pw ]nt∂m°w t]mb-hs\ Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp !18! tiJ-cn-°pI (H-cp-an-®p-Iq-´p-I)bpw sNbvXp F∂n´v
kq£n-®p-sh® (]m-{X-Øn-em-°n-sh-®)
kmcw: Aß-s\-bp≈ hymtam-l-ß-sfm∂pw th≠m. AXp-sIm-

s≠m∂pw ê-an-√. Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°v e`n-°p-hm≥t]m-Ip-∂Xv IØn-Pz-en-°p∂
\cIw am{X-am-Wv. AXv Ah-cpsS Xe-bpsS sXmen˛ AYhm ico-c-Øns‚
]pd-`m-K-ß-sfms° ˛D-cn-®p-I-f-bpw. Ip‰-hm-fn-Isf c£-s∏-Sp-hmt\m Hgn-™p-
am-dp-hmt\m AXv hnSp-Ib
- n-√. Ahsc AXv X∂n-te°v hnfn®ph-cp-ØpIXs∂
sNøpw.
5109
iƒ°ûdG(i-hm) F∂ ]Z-Øn\v "Xe-bpsS sXmen, Xe-tbm-Sv, N¿a-ßƒ'
Fs∂ms° A¿∞-ßƒ ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. GX¿∞-sa-Sp-Ømepw Dt±iyw
hy‡w-X-s∂. Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-°p-dn®v Ah-cpsS {]tXy-I-X-bmbn ChnsS Nq≠n-
°m-ńb Imcy-ßƒ Ch-bm-Wv.
(1) ]nt∂m°w t]mIp-I. AYhm kXy-hn-izmkw \ncm-I-cn-°p-I.
(2) Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-I. AYhm I¬]-\-Isf Ah-K-Wn®v A\p-k-c-

W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-I.
(3) [\w tiJ-cn®v sh°p-Ibpw F∂n´v th≠-hn-[-Øn¬ Nne-h-gn-

°m-sX-bpw, IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰m-sXbpw sIń-∏q-ń-sh-°p-I. a‰v hnj-b-ß-fn¬
Hcp-am-Xncn sIm≈m-hp∂hcm-sW-¶n¬t]mepw [\w sIń-∏q-ń-sh-°p-∂-Xn¬
D¬kp-I-c-√mØ [\n-I≥am¿ tIhew Zp¿√-`-am-bn-cn-°pw. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿
CXp-t]m-ep≈ Xm°o-Xp-Isf {]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy-k-l-P-
amb Hcp sIm≈-cp-Xm-bvasb A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-´p∂p:˛
!19! \n›-b-am-bpw, a\p-jy≥
A£-a-\mbn (A-Yhm thh-em-Xn-
°m-c-\m-bn) krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-
∂p.
20! AXm-bX
- v, X\n°v tZmjw
_m[n-®m¬ £a-sI-´-h-\m-bn´v;˛
21! X\n°v KpWw _m[n-
®m¬ apS-°-°m-c-\m-bn-´pw.
19! \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p
A£-a\ - m-bn, thh-em-Xn-°m-c\ - mbn !20!
- m-bn, Zp¿∫-e\ Ahs\ _m[n-
®m¬, sXm´m¬ tZmjw, Xn∑, sISpXn £a-sI-´-h\mbn´v, s]mdp-
Xn-sI-´-h-\mbn !21! Ahs\ _m[n-®m¬ KpWw, \∑, \√Xv
apS-°-°m-c-\m-bn-´pw, hne-°p-∂-h-\m-bpw, XS-bp-∂-h-\mbn
[\-Øn-em-I-s´, tZl-Øn-em-Is´ h√ tZmjhpw _m[n-°p-tºmƒ hyk-\-
hpw, ]cm-Xnbpw, `b-hpw, \ncm-ibpw h√ KpWtam \∑tbm _m[n-®m¬ AXv
th≠-hn[w D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-Itbm sNømsX ]nip°v
ImWn®pw a‰pw AXn\v XS w hcp-Øp-I. CXmWv a\p-jy≥ A£-a-\mbn
krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w. F∂m¬ Ah≥ krjvSym-
Xs∂ Cßns\ Hcp t]mcm-bva-bp-≈-h-\m-bp≈h-s\-¶nepw Cu kmh-`m-hsØ
\nb-{¥n-°p-hm-\p≈ {]Xn-hn-[n-Ifpw A√mlp Ah\v \n›-bn®n sImSp-°mXncp-
5110
∂n-ń-√. A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[w, Ahs‚ A\p-{K-l-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-
kw, a\-°-cp-Øv, HuZm-cy-io-ew, `b-`‡n, ac-Wm-\-¥c c£m-in-£-I-sf-°p-dn-
®p≈ kvacW BZn-bm-b-h-bs{X Ah. Cu KpW-ßƒ Bcn-ept≠m Ah-cn¬
B NoØ kz`mhw {]I-S-am-Ip-I-bn-√. Ah¿ k¥m-]-Øn¬ £a-bp-≈-h-cpw,
kt¥m-j-Øn¬ \µn-bp-≈-h-cp-am-bn-cn-°pw. Aßs\ c≠-h-ÿ-bnepw Ah¿
am\y≥amcpw, ]pWy-hm≥amcpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv
t\m°pI:˛
!22! \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Hgn-

sI,˛
23! AXm-b-Xv, Xß-fpsS \a-
kvIm-c-Øn¬ \nXy-\n-jvT-bp≈
Bfp-Iƒ;
24! Xß-fpsS kzØp-°-fn¬

Adn-b-s∏´ (\n-›n-X-am-b) Ah-
Imiw D≈hcpw (H-gn-sI),˛
25! (A-sX) tNmZn-°p-∂h - \pw

(tNm-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\v) apS°w _m[n-
®-h\pw;˛
22! \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-scm-gnsI !23! AXm-bXv bmsXm-
cp-Iq-´¿ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \nXy-\n-jvT-
°m-cmWv !24! bmsXm-cp-Iq-ćpw Ah-cpsS kzØp-°-fn-ep≠v
Hc-h-Im-iw, IS-a, _m≤yX Adnb-s∏-´, \n›n-X-amb !25!
tNmZn-°p-∂-h\v XS-b-s∏-´-h-\pw, apS°w _m[n-®-h\pw
tNmZn-®m-h-iy-s∏´v hcp-∂-h¿°pw, A`n-am-\w-sIm-t≠m, AwK-ssh-I-eyw,
tcmKw apX-emb Imc-W-ßƒ \nan-Øtam A\y-t\mSv tNmZn-®p-hm-ßm≥
apt∂m´v hcm-Ø-h¿°pw Xß-fpsS kzØn¬\n∂v Ah-Im-ihpw Hml-cnbpw
sImSp-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂ t_m[-ap-≈-h¿ F∂v kmcw. kqdØp ±mcn-bm-Øv, 19
˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ hmbn-®-sX√mw Chn-sSbpw kvacn-°p-I.
!26! {]Xn-ê \S-]S- n-bpsS Znh-
ksØ kXy-am(°n hniz-kn)-°p-
∂-hcpw;˛
5111
!27! Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ in£-
sb-°p-dn®v `b-∏m-Sp-≈-hcpw (H-gn-
sI);˛
28! (Im-cWw) \n›-b-am-bpw,

Ah-cpsS d∫ns‚ in£ (h-cn-I-
bn-s√-∂v) kam-[m-\-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-Ø-
Xm-Ip∂p;˛
26! kXy-am-°p∂ (hn-iz-kn-°p-∂)-hcpw Znh-ksØ
{]Xn-^-e-Øn-s‚, \S-]-Sn-bpsS !27! bmsXm-cp-hcpw Ah¿
in£-sb-°p-dn®v Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ `b-∏m-Sp-≈-h-cmWv
!28! \n›-b-ambpw in£ Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ kam-[m-
\-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-Ø-XmWv (h-cn-I-bn-s√∂v hniz-kn-°m-h-X-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv)
Xß-fpsS \∑-sImt≠m at‰-sX-¶nepw Imc-W-Ømtem A√m-lp-hns‚

in£ Xß-fn¬ _m[n-t®-°p-I-bn-s√∂v IcpXn Ah¿ h©n-X-cm-hp-Itbm
AXn-s\-°p-dn®v `ban√msX kam-[m-\-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvI-bn√
F∂v kmcw.
!29! Xß-fpsS Kply-ÿm-\-

ßsf ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂-hcpw
(H-gn-sI);
30! Xß-fpsS `mcy-am-sc-tbm,

As√-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS he-ss¶-Iƒ
DS- a - s ∏- S p- Ø n- b n- ´ p- ≈ - h - s ctbm
kw_- ‘ n®√msX, Imc- W w,
Ah¿ Bt£-]n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-Ø-
h-cm-Ip-∂p.
31! F∂m¬ AXn- \ - ∏ pdw
Bsc-¶nepw tXSp-∂-Xm-bm¬ B
Iq´¿X-s∂-bmWv AXn-cp-IS- ∂
- h
- ¿.
5112
! 32! Xß- f psS Aam- \ Øv
[hniz- k v X - X]- I - s f- b pw, DS- º - S n-
sbbpw ]men-®p-h-cp-∂-h-cpw,˛
33!Xß-fpsS km£y-ßsf
(i-cn-°v) \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-hcpw,˛
34! Xß-fpsS \a-kvIm-c-sØ-

∏‰n kq£n(®p ]men)-°p-∂-hcpw
(H-gn-sI)
35! A°q-´¿ (F-√mw) kz¿K-

ß-fn¬sh®v BZ-cn-°s- ∏-Sp-∂h
- c
- m-
Ip-∂p.
29! bmsXm-cp-hcpw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS Kply-ÿm-\-ßsf

ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂-h-cmWv !30! Xß-fp-sS -`m-cy-am-
cn¬ (`m-cy-amsc kw_-‘n-®v) HgnsI As√-¶n¬ DS-a-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-
h-cpsS Xß-fpsS he-ss¶-Iƒ F∂m¬ (Im-c-Ww) Ah¿
Bt£-]n-°-s∏-SmØ (B-t£-]n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-Ø)-h-cmWv !31!
F∂m¬ Bsc-¶nepw tXSn-bm¬, Bh-iy-s∏-´m¬ AXns‚ A∏pdw
F∂m¬ A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bmWv AXn-cp-hn-´-h¿ !32!
bmsXm-cp-hcpw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS Aam-\Øv (hn-iz-kvX-X)-Isf
Xß-fpsS DS-ºSn ({]-Xn-⁄˛ Icm-dv)-sbbpw ]men-°p∂ (Ku-
\n-°p-∂)-h-cmWv !33! bmsXm-cp-hcpw Ah¿ Ah-cpsS
km£y-ßsf \ndp-Øp∂ (i-cn°v \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂)-h-cmWv !34!
bmsXm-cp-hcpw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS \a-kvIm-csØ ImØp-
kq-£n®p (kq-£vaX ]men-®p)-h-cp∂p !35! A°q-´¿ kz¿K-
ß-fn¬ BZ-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv
5113
29 apX¬ 32 IqSnb hN-\-ßfpw 34 ˛mw hN-\hpw CXp-t]mse kq:
apAvan-\q-\nepw apºv Ign™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. Ah-bpsS hymJym-\Ø- n¬ AhnsS
hmbn® kwK-Xn-Ifpw lZo-Yp-Ifpw Chn-sSbpw Hm¿Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.
"hess¶ DS-a-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h¿' (º¡fÉÁCG âµ∏e Ée) F∂ hm°v Nne¿ Zp¿hym-Jym\w
sNbvX-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: apAvan\q-\n\v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏nepw hnh-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ChnsS AsX√mw ho≠pw Bh¿Øn®p Zo¿Ln-∏n-t°-≠-Xn-√-
t√m.
kz¿K-Øn¬sh®v BZ-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc∂v A√mlp kt¥m-j-

hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-I-bpw, A£-acpw Zp¿_-e-cp-a-√m-Ø-h-sc∂v Ah≥ {]iw-
kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Cu k÷-\-ß-fpsS khn-ti-jX ]eXpw Cu hN-\-
ß-fn¬ A√mlp FSp-Øp-]d - ™
- n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-bn¬ H∂m-as- Ø-Xmbn FÆn-
bXv \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-bm-Wv. \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-sc∂v ]d™p aXn-bm-°m-
sX, AXn¬ \nXy-\n-jvT-]m-en-°p-∂-h-sc-∂p-IqSn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. G‰hpw
Ah-km-\-ambn FSp-Øp-]-d-™Xpw \a-kvIm-c-sØ-∏-‰n-Ø-s∂. \a-kvIm-c-ß-
fpsS FÆw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bmepw t]mc, AXnse IS-aI - fpw acym-ZI
- fpw ]men-
®p-sIm-≠pw, AXn\v th≠{X hnebpw \nebpw Iev]n-®p-sIm≠pw AXn¬
kq£va-X-]m-en-°p-I-IqSn thW-sa-∂mWv Ah-km\w Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
CsX√mw \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v Ckveman-ep≈ {]m[m-\y-sØ-bmWv Ipdn-°p-∂-
Xv. ChnsS am{X-a√
- , Izp¿-B≥ ]e-t∏mgpw Cßs\ \a-kvIm-cs - Ø-∏‰n hnhn[
hmN-I-ß-fn¬ Du∂n-∏-d™pw Bh¿Øn-®pw-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. \a-
kvIm-c-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Ae-k≥am-cmb apkvenw ]ma-c≥am-cpw, AXn\v
th≠{X hne-I¬]n-°m-dn-√mØ C∂sØ Nne ]ptcm-K-a-\m-i-b-°mcpw
CsX√mw hfsc Kuc-h-]q¿∆w a\- n-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!36! F∂m¬, Ahn-iz-kn-®-
h¿°v F¥mWv (A-h¿) \ns‚
apºn¬ (I- g pØv \oń- t \m- ° n)
]m™p t]mbvsIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p?˛
37! he-tØm´pw CS-tØm´pw

Iq´-ß-fmbn (Nn-X-dn)-s°m≠v!
5114
!38!Ah-cn¬ F√m (Hm-tcm)
a\p- j y\pw tamln- ° p- ∂ p- t ≠m,
kpJm-\p-{K-l-Øns‚ kz¿K-Øn¬
Ah≥ {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v?!
39! AXp-th≠m! Ahsc \mw

Ah¿°v Adn- b m- h p∂ hkv X p-
hn¬ \n∂s{X krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-
Xv.
36! F∂m¬ Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿s°-¥mWv \ns‚

apºn¬ (t\-sc, ASp-°¬) Igp-Øp-\oń t\m°n (_-≤-s∏-´p˛ hnf-dn-
sb-Sp-Øp˛ ]m™p) sIm≠n-cn-°p∂p !37! he-`m-K-Øq-sS, he-
tØm´v CS-`m-K-Øq-sS-bpw, CS-tØm´pw Iq´-ß-fm-bn-´v, NnX-dn-
∏n-cn-™p-sIm≠v !38! tamln-°p-∂p-thm, Bin-°p-∂pthm
F√m (Hm-tcm) a\p-jy\pw Ah-cn¬ \n∂p≈ Ah≥ {]th-in-∏n-
°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂v, {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ kpJm-\p-{K-l-Øns‚ kz¿K-
Øn¬ !39! AXp-th-≠, Aß-s\-b√ \n›-b-ambpw \ma-hsc
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p Ah¿°v Adn-bm-hp∂ hkvXp-hn¬ \n∂v
˜
\_n -bpsS t\sc shdp∏pw Aa¿jhpw sh®p-sIm≠v Xpdn-®p-t\m-°p-
I, Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Akz-ÿ-cmbn {]Xn-tj-[-]q¿∆w CShpw
hehpw hnd-fn-sb-SpØp ]m™p-t]m-Ip-I, CsX√mw a°xbnse apivcn°p-I-
fpsS ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. \_n bpsS kzlm-_n-Is ˜
- f-°p-dn®v "Ch-scms° kz¿K-
Øn¬ IS-°p-Itbm' F∂v ]cn-lm-k-tØmsS Ah¿ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.
Cß-s\-bp≈ Ah-cpsS sNbvXn-Is - f-bmWv A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂X - v. Ah¿
Ah-cpsS hymtam-l-ß-sf√mw Aßv hnt´-°-s´. AsXm∂pw \S-°p-hm≥
t]mIp-∂n-√. Ah¿°-dn-bm-at√m Ah-cpsS D¬`hw F¥n¬\n-∂m-sW-∂v.
AsX, tIhew \nµy-amb Hcp sh≈-Øp-≈n-bn¬\n-∂m-W-Xv. At∏mƒ D¤-
hw- s Im- ≠ v Ah¿ Hcp ]cn- i p- ≤ - h ¿K- s am- ∂ p- a - √ . kXy- h n- i zm- k hpw
k¬°¿ahpw am{X-amWv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ ]cn-ip-≤-X-°p≈ D]m-[n-Iƒ. AXv
IqSmsX kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°msa∂v Ah¿ tamln-®n´v Imcy-an-√. Ahsc
krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-b-h≥ Ah-cpsS ta¬ th≠ \S-]-Snbpw FSp-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-
∂p. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv 39 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse B sNdp-hmIyw aptJ\ Ahsc
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-Xv.
5115
!40!F∂m¬, DZ-bÿm\-ßf - p-
sSbpw Akv X - a - b - ÿ m- \ - ß - f p-
sSbpw d∫n-s\-s°m≠v Rm≥ (C-
Xm) kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p!˛
\n›-b-ambpw \mw Ign-hp-≈-h¿
Xs∂-bm-Wv,˛
41! Ah-sc-°mƒ DØ-a-am-b-

hsc Ah¿°v ]Icw sIm≠p-h-
cp-hm≥, \mw ap≥I-S-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-
c-√-Xm\pw []cm-P-b-s∏´p t]mIp-
∂-h-cp-a-√].
40! F∂m¬ Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp-]-d-bp∂p DZ-b-

ÿm-\-ß-fpsS d∫n-s\-sIm≠v AkvXa-b-ÿm-\-ß-fp-sSbpw \n›-
b-ambpw \mw Ign-hp-≈-h¿ Xs∂ !41! \mw ]I-cw-sIm-
≠p-h-cm≥ Ah-sc-°mƒ DØ-a-cm-b-hsc \mw A√-Xm\pw
ap≥I-S-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿, ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿
º°ùbCG ’ F∂ hm°n-s\-°p-dn®v kq: hmIznAx 75 epw, DZ-bm-kvX-ab ÿm\-

ß-sf-°p-dn®v kq: kzvkzm^v^mØv 5 epw hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. Cu Ahn-
izm-kn-I-sf-sb√mw Aßv \in-∏n®v Ah-sc-°mƒ DØ-a-amb Hcp P\-Xsb
cwK-Øp-h-cp-Øp-hm≥ A√m-lp-hn\v Hcp {]bm-k-hp-an-√. Ah≥ Aßs\
sNøp∂ ]£w Ahs\ ]nt∂m-°-am°n ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Bcp-an-√-
Xm-\pw. ]t£, A√mlp Aßs\ Dt±-in-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ahsc
Hgn-hm-°n-hn-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A√mlp kXyw sNbvXp ]d-
™-Xns‚ kmcw.
!42! (\-_n-tb) BI-bm¬ \o

Ahsc hnt´-°p-I˛ Ah¿ (tXm-
∂n-b-hm-k-Øn¬) apgp-Inbpw Ifn-
®pw- sIm-≠n-cn-°-s´, Ah-tcmSv
hmKv Z Øw [Xm°oXv ] sNø- s ∏-
Sp∂ Ah-cpsS (B) Znh-kh - p-ambn
Ah¿ I≠p-ap-´p-∂-Xp-h-tc°pw!
5116
! 43! AXm- b Xv Iz_v - d p- I -
fn¬\n∂v Ah¿ _≤-s∏-´-h-cmbn
]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ Znhkw; Ah¿ Hcp
\m´-°p-dn-bn-te°v [rXn-s∏-´p-h-cp-
∂-Xp-t]m-se-bn-cn°pw;
44! ˛A-h-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ (hn-

\-b-s∏-´p) Xmgva-Im-Wn-®p-sIm≠v
˛\n-µyX Ahsc Bh-cWw sNøp-
∂- X m- W v . AX- s {X, Ah- t cmSv
hmKvZØw [Xm°oXv] sNø-s∏-ń-
cp∂ (B) Znhkw!
42! BI-bm¬ \o Ahsc hnt´-°pI Ah¿ apgp-In-s°m-

≠n-cn-°s´ Ifn-®p-sIm-≠p-an-cn-°s´ Ah¿ I≠p-ap-´p-∂Xv
htc°pw Ah-cpsS Znh-ksØ Ah-tcmSv hmKvZØw (Xm-
°o-Xv) sNø-s∏Sp∂-Xmb !43! Ah¿ ]pds∏Sp∂ Znhkw
Iz_vdp (i-h-°p-gn)-I-fn¬ \n∂v _≤-s∏-´p, thK-X-bp-≈-h-
cmbn Ah¿ (B-Ip-∂p) F∂-t]mse Hcp \m´-°pdn (\m-ń-b-Ip-
dn)-bn-te°v [rXn-s∏´p (]m-™p) hcp∂ (F-∂-t]m-se) !44!
Xmgva (hn-\-bw) Imń-s°m≠v Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-Iƒ, IÆp-Iƒ
Ahsc Bh-cWw sNøpw, aqSpw (_m-[n-°pw) \nµyX AXv, AXs{X
Znh-k-am-Wv, Znhkw Ah-tcmSv hmKvZØw (Xm-°o-Xv)
sNø-s∏-ń-cp∂
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fnse c≠m-asØ Imlfw DuØn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v F√m-hcpw

Iz_vdp-I-fn¬\n∂v `b-hn-lz-e-cm-bpw-sIm≠v Fgp-t∂‰v "alvidn'te°v HmSn-
h-cp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv Hcp \m´-°p-dnsb D∂w-sh®v [rXn-s∏´p ]m™p-h-cp-
tºmse F∂v D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C∂sØ Cu Du°pw [m¿„y-hp-sa√mw
Ah-km-\n®v A∂v Ah-sc√mw Xmgva-tbmSpw hn\-b-tØm-Spw-IqSn \nµy-amb
\ne-bn¬ AhnsS ktΩ-fn-°pw. Ct∏mƒ Hcp hn[-Ønepw Ah¿ hg-ßp-∂n-
s√-¶n¬ X¬°mew Ahsc Ah-cpsS ]mń\v hnt´-°pI F∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
ÜCÉŸGh ™LôŸG ¬«dGh º∏YCG ¬∏dGh
5117
`mKw 29 ìƒf IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 71 \qlv
5118
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ìƒf IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
71. kqdXp \qlv

Øn¬.
!1! \n›-b-ambpw \mw \qlns\
At±-lØ - ns‚ P\-Xb - n-te°v (d-kq-
em-bn) Ab-®p,˛ \ns‚ P\-X°v
thZ-\-tb-dnb h√ in£bpw hcp-
∂- X n- \ p- a p- º mbn \o Ahsc
Xm°oXv sNøWw F∂v (I-ev]n®p
sIm≠v)
2! At±lw ]d™p: "Fs‚
P\- ß - t f, \n›- b - a mbpw Rm≥
\nßƒ°v kv]jvS-amb Hcp Xm°o-
Xp-Im-c-\m-Ip∂p;'
3! "\nßƒ A√m- l p- h ns\
Bcm-[n-°p-hn≥, Ahs\ kq£n-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥, Fs∂ A\p-
k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥' F∂v.
4! "F∂m- e - h ≥ \nßƒ°v
\nß-fpsS ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂vs]m-dp-
Øp-X-cp-∂-XmWv; \n¿W-bn-°-s∏´
Hc-h-[n-hsc Ah≥ \nßsf (H-gn-
hm-°n) ]n¥n®p Xcp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.'
5119
\n›-b-am-bpw, A√m-lp-hns‚
(\n-›-b-{]-Im-c-ap-≈) Ah-[n-h-
∂m¬, AXv ]n¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√.
\nßƒ Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬!
1! \n›-b-ambpw \mw Ab®p \qlns\ Xs‚ P\-X-

bn-te°v \o Xm°oXv sNøpI F∂v \ns‚ P\-Xsb
apºmbn Ah¿°v hcp∂ (sN-√p-∂)-Xn\v thZ-\-tb-dnb
in£, h√ in£bpw !2! At±lw ]d™p Fs‚ P\-ßtf
\n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v Hcp Xm°o-Xp-Im-c-\mWv kv]jvS-
am-b, X\n !3! \nßƒ Bcm-[n-°-W-sa∂v A√m-lp-hns\
Ahs\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw thWw Fs∂ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøWw
!4! F∂m-e-h≥ \nßƒ°v s]mdpØp Xcpw -\n-ß-fpsS
]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw, ]m]-ßsf -\n-ßsf ]n¥n-®p(Hgn-hm-°n)-Ø-cp-
Ibpw sNøpw -Hcp Ah[nhsc -\n-›-bn-°-s∏-´, \n¿W-bn-°s∏´
\n-›-b-ambpw A√m-lp-hns‚ (A-√mlp \n›-bn®) Ah[n
AXp h∂m¬ AXv ]n¥n-°s∏Sp-∂X√ - \n-ß-fm-bn-cp-s∂-
¶n¬ \n-ß-ƒ Adnbpw
sXm≈m-bn-c-Ø-ºXp h¿jw kzP-\-Xsb Xulo-Zn-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-Ib
- pw, A{Xbpw Imew B P\-ßf - n¬\n∂v FXn¿∏pw ]cn-lm-khpw
òj-Wnbpw kln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX {]hm-NI - h
- c
- y-\mb dkq-es{X
\qlv \_n (A). Adn-b-s∏-ń-S-tØm-fw, Hcp kap-Zm-bsØ Xulo-Zn-te°v
£Wn-°p-hm≥ th≠n Ab-°-s∏´ H∂m-asØ dkq-em-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.
B kap-Zm-b-am-I-s´, hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bnepw tXm∂n-b-hm-k-Ønepw apgp-In-b-
hcpw [n°m-c-kz`mhnI-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. B alm-\p-`m-h≥ A{Xbpw Imew Ah-
cn¬ \S-Ønb ]cn-{i-aØ - n-s‚bpw XymK-Øn-s‚bpw Ncn-{X-hpw, Ah-cn-ep-≠mb
{]Xn-I-c-Whpw At±-l-Øns‚ hm°p-I-fn-embn Cu kqd-Øn¬ A√mlp
Npcp°n hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F√m dkq-ep-Iƒ°p-sa-∂t- ]m-se, At±-lØ - n\pw
{]t_m-[\w sNtø-≠n-bn-cp∂ ZuXyktµiw A√m-lp-hn-s\-˛ AsX, Ah-
s\-am-{Xw˛ Bcm-[n-°-Ww, Ahs‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ kq£n-°-Ww, Ahs‚
ZqX≥ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂Xv A\p-k-cn-°Ww F∂n-{Xbpw Imcy-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
Cu {]t_m-[\w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-]-£w, Ah-cpsS ]m]-ßƒ A√mlp s]mdp-
°p-sa-∂pw, Ah-cpsS \n›nX Bbp-jvIm-em-h-[n-hsc Ah¿°v kam-[m-\-
Po-hnXw \¬Ip-sa∂pw At±lw Ahsc D]-tZ-in-®p. A√m-Ø-]£w A√m-
5120
lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ ITn-\-amb GsX-¶nepw in£ aptJ\ Ah¿°v \miw
kw`-hn-°p-sa-∂pw, AXns‚ Ah[n FØn-°-gn-™m¬ ]n∂oSv bmsXmcp
Hgnhpw e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw At±lw Ahsc Xm°oXv sNbvXp.
kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw Bbp-jvIm-e-Øn¬ h¿≤-\hv e`n-
°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-tb-°p-sa∂v ]e alm≥amcpw Cu 4 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v
a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "IpSpw-_-_‘w ]men-°¬ Bbp v h¿≤n-∏n-°p-
∂-XmWv'(ôª©dG ‘ ~jõJ ºMôdG á∏°U) F∂v \_n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-´p-ap-≠v. (_p. ap.)
]WvUn-X≥am-cn¬ Hcp hn`mKw Cu A`n-{]m-bt- ØmSv tbmPn-°p-∂n-√. Bbp v
h¿≤n-∏n-°epw Npcp-°epw D≠m-Ip-sa∂v ImWn-°p∂ tcJ-Iƒ°v Ah¿
\¬Ip∂ hymJym\w C{]-Im-c-amWv: Bbp v h¿≤n∏n-°pI F∂-Xp-sIm-
≠p-t±iyw D≈ Bbp-jvImew kam-[m-\-]-chpw A`n-hr-≤n-bp-≈Xpw Bbn-
cn-°pI F∂pw Bbp v Npcp-°pI F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw AXv t¢i-
I-chpw kam-[m-\] - c
- a
- √
- m-ØX - p-am-bn-cn-°pI F∂p-am-Ip-∂p. aq∂m-as - Xmcp A`n-
{]mbw Cu hnj-b-Øn-ep-≈Xv Nne bp‡n-hm-Z-°m-cp-tS-Xm-Wv. A√mlp F√m-
‰n\pw Nne s]mXp hyh-ÿI - ƒ \n›-bn-®p-sh-®n-´p-≈X - √
- m-sX, Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚
Imem-h-[nbpw Bbp pw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw ap≥Iqń \n›-bn-®p-sh®nń√;
F√mw B s]mXp-hy-h-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn®v \S-am-Sp-∂p-sh∂v am{X-ta-bp≈q F∂s{X
Ah-cpsS ]£w. CXv Izp¿B∂pw, lZo-Yn\pw CkvemanI aqey-ßƒ°pw tbmPn-
°m-Ø-Xm-Wv-Xm-\pw.
Hº-X-c -\q-‰m≠v ImesØ XpS¿®-bmb {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-kw-
t£]w Atß-A-‰sØ lrZb-th-Z-\-tbmsS \qlv \_n (A) A√m-lp-hns‚
apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°p-∂p. AXnse Hmtcm hmIyhpw lrZb km∂n-≤y-tØmSpIqSn
H∂v hmbn®p t\m°pI:˛
!5! At±lw ]d™p: "Fs‚
dt∫! \n›-b-ambpw Fs‚ P\-
Xsb Rm≥ cmhpw ]Iepw
hnfn®p'˛
6! "F∂n´v Fs‚ hnfn
Ah¿°v HmSn-t∏m-°-√msX (a-s‰m-
∂pw) h¿≤n-∏n-®n-√.'
7! "\o Ah¿°v s]mdp- Ø p
sImSp°p-hm≥ th≠n Rm≥ Ah
sc hnfn-°p-tºm-sgm-s°-bpw,˛ Ah¿
Xß-fpsS ImXp-I-fn¬ hnc-ep-Iƒ
C´p (s]m-Øn) If-bp-I-bpw, Xß-
fpsS hkv{X-ßsf (ao-sX-bn-´p) aqSn-
∏p-X-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv! Ah¿
5121
(\n-tj-[-Øn¬) iTn®p \n¬°p-I-
bpw, Hcp (I-Sp-Ø) Alw-`mhw \Sn-
°¬ \Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p!'
!5! At±lw ]d™p Fs‚ dt∫ \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥
£Wn-®p, hnfn®p Fs‚ P\-Xsb cm{Xn ]Iepw !6!
F∂n´v Ah¿°v h¿≤n-∏n-®n√ Fs‚ hnfn, £Ww HmSn-t∏m-°-
√msX !7! \n›-b-ambpw Rm\-hsc hnfn-®-t∏m-sg√mw
\o Ah¿°v s]mdp-°p-hm-\mbn Ah¿ B°n, B°p∂p (C-Sp-
∂p) Ah-cpsS hnc-ep-Isf Ah-cpsS ImXv (sN-hn)-I-fn¬
Ah¿ aqSn-bn-SpI (aq-Sn-∏p-X-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp, sNøp∂p Ah-
cpsS hkv{X-ßsf Ah¿ iTn-®p-\n¬°p-Ibpw (\n-cX- c
- m-hp-Ib
- pw) sNbvXp
Ah¿ Alw-`mhw(K¿∆v˛ hep-∏w) \Sn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp Hcp
Alw-`mhw \Sn-°¬
Xß-tfmSv D]-tZ-in-°p-∂Xv tIƒ°pI-t]mepw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-
bmWv Ah¿ ImXn¬ hnc-en´v s]mØp-∂-Xpw, tase hkv{X-an´v aqSp-∂-Xpw.
!8! "]ns∂ (A-Xn-\p-]p-d-sa)
Rm≥, Ahsc Dds° hnfn-®p.'
9! "]ns∂ Rm≥, Ah-tcmSv
(Fs‚ hnfn) ]c-ky-am-°p-I-bpw,
kzIm-cy-am°n cl-ky-am-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.'
10! "Aß-s\, Rm≥ ]d™p:

\nßƒ \nß-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv ]m]-
tam-N\w tXSp-hn≥, \n›-b-am-bpw,
Ah≥ hfsc s]mdp- ° p- ∂ - h -
\mWv;˛'
11! F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v Ah≥
BIm-isØ [agsb] kar-≤-ambn
Ab-®p-Xcpw;
12! "kzØp- ° fpw a°- f pw-
sIm≠v \nßsf Ah≥ t]mjn-∏n-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw; \nßƒ°v tXm´-
ß-fp-≠m-°n-Ø-cn-I-bpw, \nßƒ°v
Acp- h n- I - f p- ≠ m- ° n- Ø - c n- I bpw
sNøpw.'
5122
!8! ]ns∂ Rm≥ Ahsc Rm≥ hnfn®p Dd-s°, D®-Øn-
em-bn´v !9! ]ns∂ Rm≥ ]c-ky-am°n Ah-tcmSv, Ah¿°v
Ah-tcmSv (A-h¿°v) cl-ky-am-°pI (kz-Im-cy-am-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp
Hcp kzIm-cy-am-°¬, ]Xps° !10! Aßs\ (F-∂n-´v) Rm≥
]d™p \nßƒ ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-hn≥ \nß-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv
\n›-b-ambpw Ah-\m-Ip∂p hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥ !11!
Ah≥ Ab-°pw, Ab-®p-hnSpw BIm-isØ (a-g-sb) \nßƒ°v
\nß-fn¬ kar-≤-am-bn, XpS¿®-bm-bn, Hgp-In-s°m≠v !12!
\nßsf t]mjn- ∏ n- ° pI (k- l m- b n- ° p- I )bpw sNøpw kzØp-
°ƒsIm≠pw a°ƒsIm≠pw \nßƒ°v G¿s∏-SpØn (D-≠m-
°n)-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNøpw tXm´-ßsf \nßƒ°p-≠m-°n-Ø-cn-
Ibpw sNøpw Acphn (\-Zn) Isf
cm∏-I¬ t`Z-as\y \nc-¥cw At±lw Ahsc kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-

te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Dd-s°-bpw, ]Xp-s°bpw, ]c-ky-am-bpw, cl-
ky-am-bpw˛ Aßs\ F√m hnt[-\bpw ˛£-Wn-®p-t\m-°n. kXy-am¿Kw kzoI-
cn-°p-∂-]£w ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v A√mlp ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-Øp-X-cp-sa∂v
am{X-a-√, Cl-Ønepw \nßƒ°v kpJ-Po-hnXhpw A`n-hr-≤nbpw \¬Ipw
Fs∂ms° D]-tZ-in-®p. ]t£, F¥p-Xs∂ Bbn´pw Xß-fpsS a¿°-S-ap-
jvSn Ah¿ Ah-km-\n-∏n-®n-√. [n°m-chpw ]cn-lm-khpw Ah-ew-_n-°p-I-
Xs∂ sNbvXp.
kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂X - ns‚ e£yw sFln-

I-t\-´-ß-f-√, ]mc-{XnI t\´-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.∫ÉØfC’G-IôNC’G ~jôj ¬∏dGh É«f~dG ¢VôY ¿h~jôJ (\n-
ßƒ sFln-I-hn-`hw Dt±-in-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hm-I-s´, ]c-tem-Ihpw Dt±-in-
°p∂p (8 : 67) ]t£, AXp-aqew sFln-I-amb t£ssa-iz-cy-ßfpw e`n-°p-
∂-Xm-WvXm-\pw. a\p-jy≥ \oXn-tbmSpw s\dn-tbmSpw IqSn Pohn-°p-tºmƒ
Ahs‚ PohnXw kzXth kam-[m-\-]-c-am-bn-Øo-cpw. IqSm-sX, A√m-lp-hns‚
Ir]m-I-Sm-£-ßƒ Ah-\n¬ h¿jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw, AX-hs‚ ùXn-
I-Po-hn-X-Ønepw hne-kn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Xm¬°m-enI t\´-ß-
fn¬ thKw BI¿jn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wt√m a\p-jy¿. AXp-sIm≠mWv kXy-hn-
izm-kw-aqew D≠m-Ip∂ sFln-I-t\-´-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw \qlv (A) P\-ßsf
{]tXyIw [cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. am{X-a-√, Xm¬°m-en-I-e`y-ßsf Hm¿sØ-¶nepw
Ah¿ t\¿h-gn-bn¬ {]th-in®p Ign-™m¬ ]n∂oSv Ah-c-Xn¬ Xs∂ Dd-®p-
\n¬°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvtX-°pw. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ˜
5123
ImeØpw ]e Bfp-Ifpw Xm¬°m-enI ]cn-Xxÿn-Xn-I-fpsS kΩ¿±w
\nanØw kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bpw, {ItaW hnizm-k-Øn¬ ASn-bp-
d®v D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-se-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠-t√m.
a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ ]m]-h¿≤\bpw, kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ A`m-

hhpw \nanØw ]mc-{Xn-I-amb in£°v ]pd-sa, sFln-I-amb in£-I-fpw-
IqSn t\cn-t´-°m-sa-∂pw, ]m]-tam-N\w tXSepw kXy-hn-izmkw ]mc-{Xn-I-
amb {]Xn-^-e-Øn\v ]pdsa Cl-Øn¬ t£ssa-iz-cy-ßƒ e`n-°p-∂-Xn\pw
Imc-W-am-sW∂pw Cu (10˛ 12) hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. ag In´msX
IjvS-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ag-°-t]-£n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ "ZpB'bpw, \a-kvIm-chpw \S-
˜
Øp-∂Xv \_n bpsS kp∂-Øp-I-fn¬s]-´-Xm-W-t√m. AXn¬ ]m]-tam-N\w
tXSp-∂X - n (QÉØ¨à°SE’G) \v hf-sc-b[ - nIw {]m[m\yw \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≈X - mbn ImWmw.
CXm-W-Xn\v Imc-Ww. kq: AAvdm^n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "B cmPy-ß-
fn-ep-ff
- h
- ¿ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \mw Ah-
cn¬ BIm-i-Øp-\n∂pw `qan-bn¬\n∂pw _¿°Øv ˛A-`n-hr≤n ˛Iƒ Xpd-
∂p- s Im- S p- ° p- a m- b n- c p- ∂ p'.(AÉª°ùdG øe äÉcôH º¡«∏Y ÉæëàØd Gƒ≤JGh GƒæeBG iô≤dG πgCG ¿CG ƒdh
96:±GôYC’G - ïdG ¢VQC’Gh) kq: lqZn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "\nßƒ \nß-fpsS
d∫n-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-hn≥, ]ns∂ Ah-¶-te°v ]›m-Ø-]n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-hn≥. F∂m¬ \n¿Wbw sNø-s∏´ Hcp Ah-[n-hsc Ah≥ \nßƒ°v
\√ A\p-`hw A\p-`-h-∏n®p Xcp-∂-Xm-Wv'. (ÉYÉàe ºµ©àÁ ¬«dEG GƒHƒJ ºK ºµHQ GhôØ¨à°SG ¿EGh
3: Oƒg-ïdG ≈ª°ùe πLCG ¤EG Éæ°ùM ) Hcmƒ £maw _m[n-®-Xns\ kw_-‘n-®pw, thsdm-
cmƒ Zmcn-{Zy-sØ-bpw, k¥m-\-ß-fpsS Ipd-hn-s\bpw kw_-‘n-®pw, aq∂m-a-
sXm-cmƒ Xs‚ tXm´-ßƒ DW-ßn-t∏m-b-Xns\ kw_-‘n®pw k¶Sw ]d-
™-t∏mƒ Ah-tcm-sS-√mw-Xs∂ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-s°m-
≈pI F∂v lk≥ (d) ]d-™-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. aq∂p-
t]-tcmSpw Cßs\ DØcw ]d-™Xv \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS Cu {]kvXm-h-\
(10 ˛12)sb ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-sW∂pw At±lw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-b-s{X.
F∂m¬ Hcp hmkvXhw {]tXyIw a\- n-cp-tØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p; ùXn-I-

amb kpssJ-iz-cy-ßƒ Hcp P\XbpsStbm hy‡-nbp-sStbm km£m¬
\∑°v am\-ZW - vUa - √
- . X\nùXn-Ih - m-Zn-If- pw, [m¿an-Ic
- w-KØv arK-ßs
- f-°mƒ
A[x-]-Xn-®-h-cp-amb P\-k-aq-l-ßƒ Atß-A‰w kpJm-Uw-_-c-ß-fn¬ apgp-
In-°-gn-bp-∂-Xpw, Ahsc-°mƒ GXv \ne°pw DØ-a≥am-cm-bn-´p-≈-h¿ hfsc
t¢i-I-c-amb PohnXw \bn-®p-h-cp-∂Xpw \mw ImWp-∂p. CsX√mw A√m-lp-
hn¬\n- ∂ p≈ ]co- £ - W - ß - f - s {X, A√mlp ]d- b p∂p:
35:AÉ«ÑfC’G-¿ƒ©LôJ Éæ«dEGh áæàa ÒÿGh ô°ûdÉH ºcƒ∏Ñfh (Xn-∑-sIm-≠pw, \∑-sIm-≠pw˛ AYhm
tZmjw-sIm-≠pw, KpWw-sIm-≠pw˛ \nßsf \mw Hcp ]co-£Ww ]co-£n-
°p-∂-Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS ASp-°-te-°s{X \nßƒ aS-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw). thZ-°m-
5124
sc-∏‰n Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:128: ±GôYC’G -äÉÄ«°ùdGh äÉæ°ù◊ÉH ºgÉfƒ∏Hh (\-∑-Iƒ sIm-
≠pw, Xn∑-IƒsIm≠pw \mw Ahsc ]co-£n-®p). as‰m-cn-SØv ]d-bp∂p:
186,185:¿GôªY ∫BG - ºµ°ùØfCGh ºµdGƒeCG ‘ q¿ƒ∏ÑàdQhô¨dG ´Éàe ’EG É«f~dG IÉ«◊G Éeh (sF-ln-I-Po-hnXw
Ir{Xn-ak
- m-a{Knb-√msX as‰m-∂p-a√ - , \n›-ba - mbpw \nß-fpsS kzØp-°f - nepw
tZl-ß-fnepw \nßƒ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.) \qlv \_n (A) XpS-cp∂p:˛
!13! "(P-\-ß-tf) \nßƒs°-

¥m-Wv, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v Hcp
al-Xzhpw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂nt√?'˛
14! "Ah≥ \nßsf ]e Zi-
I- f mbn krjv S n- ® p- ≠ m- ° n- b n-
´p≠t√m (F-∂n-´pw)!'
13! \nßƒs°-¥mWv \nßƒ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂n-√, Icp-Xp-

∂n√ A√m-lp-hn\v Hcp al-Xzw, Kuc-hw, kl\w !14!
Ah≥ \nßsf krjvSn-®n-´p-≠t√m ]e Zi-I-fm-bn, L´-ß-fmbn
\nßƒ \nß-fpsS Bcm-[y-h-kvXp-°-fmb hn{K-l-ßƒ°p-t]mepw hfsc

alXzw I¬]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. AtX ka-bØv \nßsf hnhn[ Zi-I-fn-
embn krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-bXv A√m-lp-hm-sW∂v \nßƒ°v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-
∂n´pw \nßƒ Ah\v bmsXmcp al-Xzhpw Kuc-hhpw D≈-Xmbn KWn-°p-
∂n-√. CsX-s¥mcp B›-cy-amWv?! F∂v kmcw. C{µn-bw, c‡-]n-WvUw,
amwk-]n-WvUw, A]q¿W-amb a\p-jy-cq-]w, ]q¿W-amb a\p-jy-cq]w F∂n-
ßs\ K¿`m-i-b-Øn¬sh®v ]e Zi-I-sfbpw XcWw sNbvX-ti-j-am-Wt√m
a\p-jy≥ Hcp inip-hmbn ]nd-°p-∂-Xv. ]n∂o-Sm-sW-¶n¬, ssii-hw, Iuam-
cw, _meyw, buh-\w, hm¿≤Iyw BZn-bmb Ah-ÿ-Ifpw kw`-hn-°p-∂p.
B[p-\nI K¿ìm-kv{X-hn-Z-Kv≤≥am¿ K¿`-ÿ-in-ip-hns‚ hyXykvX Zi-I-
sf-∏‰n thsd cq]-Ønepw hnh-cn-°m-dp-≠v. ]t£, \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS
Ime- Ø p- ≈ - h ¿°pw, Izp¿- B ≥ Ah- X - c n- ° p- ∂ Ime- Ø p- ≈ - h ¿°pw
AsXm∂pw ]cn-Nn-X-a-√mØ ÿnXn-°pw, Izp¿-B-\n¬ K¿`-Z-i-I-sf-°p-dn®v
{]kvXm-hn-°m-dp≈ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmgpw ASp-Ø-Im-eØv
am{Xw a\- n-em-°-s∏´ B hnh-c-ßƒ°v ChnsS {]k-‡n-bn-√. AtX ka-
bØv "]e-Z-i-I-fmbn' (GQGƒWCG) F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bn¬ a\p-jy-
kr-jvSn-bn¬ kw`hn-°p∂ F√m-hn[ Zim-am-‰ß - fpw Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. kz¥w tZl-ßf - n¬ Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-ßsf km£o-Ic - n-°p∂
[mcmfw ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≈-Xns\ Hm¿an-∏n-®-ti-jw, Nne {]m]-
©nI ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-te°v \qlv (A) Ah-cpsS {i≤ £Wn-°p∂p:˛
5125
!15!"\nßƒ I≠n-t√, Fß-
s\-bmWv (H-s∂m-∂n-\p-ao-sX) ASp-
°p-I-fmb \ne-bn¬ A√mlp Ggv
BIm- i - ß sf krjv S n- ® n- c n- ° p-
∂Xv?! (B-tem-Nn-®p-t\m-°q,)'
16! "Ah-bn¬ N{µs\ Ah≥
Hcp {]Im-i-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p∂p: kqcys\ Hcp hnf°pw
B°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'
17! "A√mlp Xs∂, `qan-

bn¬\n∂v \nßsf Hcp (X-cw)
D¬]m- Z \w D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ® n- c n- ° p-
∂p.'
18! "]n∂o-Sv, \nßsf AXn¬
(ho-≠pw) aS-°p-Ibpw (A-Xn¬\n-
∂v) Hcp ]pd-Øp-hc - p-Ø¬ hcp-Øp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.'
15! \nßƒ I≠nt√ Fßs\ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

A√mlp Ggm-Im-i-ßsf ASp-°m-bn, X´p-X-´mbn !16!
N{µs\ B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp Ah-bn¬ Hcp {]Im-iw,
shfn®w kqcys\ B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp Hcp hnf°v
!17! A√mlp (X-s∂) \nßsf Dev]m-Zn-∏n-®p, apf-∏n®p (D-¤-hn-∏n-
®p) `qan-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp D¬]m-Z\w (ap-f˛ Dev]-∂w) Bbn´v
!18! ]ns∂ \nßsf Ah≥ Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p, aS-°p∂p AXn¬
\nßsf ]pdØp (sh-fn-°v) hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p Hcp
]pdØp hcp-Ø¬
ASp-°p-I-fmb Ggv BIm-i-ßƒ ( ÉbÉÑW äGhÉª°S ™Ñ°S) F∂-Xns‚ hnh-£-
sb-°p-dn®v kq: ap¬Iv 3 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
N{µ-sh-fn®w kqcy-sh-fn-®sØ At]-£n®v hfsc eLp-hm-bX - m-Wt- √m. AXm-
I-s´, kqcys‚ shfn®w Xncn-®-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-am-Wv. kqcy-
\m-sW-¶n¬, kzbw {]Im-in-°p-∂-Xpw, `qan°pw N{µ\pw shfn®w \¬Ip-∂-
Xp-am-Ip-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ Imc-W-ßƒsIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw N{µs\ "{]Im-i-
am°n' F∂pw, kqcys\ "hnf-°m°n' F∂pw hyXykvX cq]-Øn¬ A√mlp
5126
]d-™-Xv. sNdp-hm-°p-I-fn¬t]mepw ]e A¥-km-c-ßfpw cl-ky-ßfpw
Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°pI Izp¿-Bs‚ Hcp kphn-tijXbm-W-t√m. "\nßsf `qan-
bn¬\n∂v Hcp D¬]m-Z\w D¬]m-Zn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p' F∂v ]d-™Xpw {it≤-
b-am-Ip-∂p. `qan-bn¬\n∂v kky-ßƒ apf®v hym]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse a\p-jy≥
D¬`-hn-°p-Ibpw hnI-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. a\p-jy-]n-Xm-hns\ A√mlp
krjvSn-®Xv aÆn¬\n-∂m-Wv. H∂m-asØ B a\p-jy-s®-Sn-bn¬\n∂v s]cp-
In-bp-≠m-b-Xm-Wt√m Cu tImSm-\p-tImSn a\p-jy¿. F\n, Hmtcm-cp-hs\
kw_-‘n®v t\m°p-I. C{µn-b-Øn¬\n-∂mWv {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Ahs‚ D¬`-
h-sa-¶n-epw, C{µnbw `£-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw, `£Ww `qhn-`-h-ß-fn¬\n∂pw
Ah `qan-bn¬\n∂pw D¬]m-Zn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. (*) HSp°w F√m-h-scbpw AtX
aÆn-te-°p-Xs∂ c≠m-aXpw Xncn-®-b-°p-∂p. ihw aÆn¬ aqS-s∏-S-s´, As√-
¶n¬ Zln-∏n-°-s∏-S-s´, GXm-bmepw HSp°w aÆn¬Xs∂ ebn-°p-∂p.
C{Xbpw Imcy-ßƒ F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂Xpw I≠-dn-bp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
F∂m¬ CsX√mw sNøp∂ A√mlp a\p-jys\ H∂p-IqSn ]pd-Øp-h-cp-Øp-
I-Xs∂ sNøpw. AXs{X ]p\-cp-∞m-\w. CXn-se-¥mWv C{X Akmw-KXyw!
H∂p-an-√. \qlv (A) XpS-cp∂p:
!19! A√m-lp-Xs- ∂, \nßƒ°v
`qansb Hcp hncp-∏m-°n-Ø-cp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p;
20! \nßƒ°v AXn¬\n∂v

hnkv X o¿W- a mb am¿K- ß - f n¬
{]th-in-°p-hm≥ th≠n.
(*) ÉJÉÑf ¢VQC’G øeºµàÑfCG ¬∏dGh F∂p≈ 17 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v "A√mlp

\nßsf `qan-bn¬ Hcp kky-ambn apf-∏n®p' F∂v Cu ASp-Ø-Im-eØv
Nne ]pØ≥ Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m¿ A¿∞w \¬In-°m-Wp-∂p. B A¿∞sØ
B[m-ca - m°n Um¿hns‚ ]cn-Wm-ah - m-ZØ
- n\v Izp¿-Bs‚ km£y-ap-s≠∂v
hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-hm≥ Ah¿ {ian®pw ImWp-∂p. AYhm a\p-jy≥ Hcp-
Im-eØv kky-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw {ItaW ]cn-jvI-cn®p ]cn-jvI-cn®p a\p-
jy-cq-]-Øn-se-Øn-b-Xm-sW-∂p-amWv B ka¿∞-\w. Izp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-
h-\I- ƒ°pw CkvemanI kn≤m-¥ß - ƒ°pw hncp-≤a - mb Cu kn≤m-¥sØ
apkvenwIƒ am{X-a√ - , ]e imkv{X-]W - vUn-X≥am¿ t]mepw X≈n-°f - ™
- n-
cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]t£, Hmtcm ImeØpw ]pXp-Xmbn cwK-{]-thiw sNøp∂
]pØ≥ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ°v Izp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v \ymbo-I-cWw D≠m-°p-hm≥
apXn-cp-∂Xv Nne B[p-\nI ]WvUn-X≥am¿ Cs∂mcp ]cn-jvIm-c-am-°n-
bn-cn-°p-I-bm-W-t√m. !!
5127
!19! A√mlp (X-s∂) \nßƒ°v B°n-X-∂n-cn-°p∂p
`qansb Hcp hncp∏v !20! \nßƒ {]th-in-°p-hm≥, IS-°p-hm≥
AXn¬\n∂v hgn-I-fn¬ hnim-e-am-b, hnkvXo¿W-amb
hncp-∏n¬ btYjvSw InS-°mw, Dd-ßmw, kpJn-°mw, Ccn-°mw. AXp-

t]m-se-Øs∂ `qan-bpw. hkn-°p-hm≥, D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw tXSm≥, hoSp]-Wn-
bp-hm≥, Irjn sNøm≥, k©-cn-°p-hm≥, \nco-£Ww \SØphm≥, Inf-®p-a-
dn-°p-hm≥˛ Aßs\ th≠-Xn-s\-√mw˛ kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-amdv A√m-lp `qansb
]c∂v hnim-e-am-b-Xm°nbncn-°p-∂p. ]md-t]mse Dd-®-tXm, aW¬t]mse
Inf-dn-b-tXm, tNdp-t]mse Aen-™tXm, h\w-t]mse ImSp-aq-Sn-b-tXm, acp-
`q-an-t]mse Hgn-™p-In-S° - p-∂tXm B°n-bn-√. Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw Ahs‚ lnX-
a-\p-kc - n®v hnl-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ am¿K-ßfpw hnim-ew-Xs - ∂. \mń-eq-sS-bpw, Imń-
eq-sS-bpw, Ic-bn-eq-sS-bpw, kap-{Z-Øn-eq-sS-bpw, ae-bn-eq-sS-bpw, acp-`q-an-bn-eq-
sSbpw k©-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuI-cy-ßfpw A√mlp k÷-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
IqSm-sX, hmbp-am¿Khpw Ct∏mƒ a\p-jy\v A√mlp Iogvs]-Sp-Øn-Ø-∂n-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. CsX√mw A√mlp a\p-jy\v sNbvX al-Ømb A\p-{K-l-ß-
fpw, AtX-k-a-bØv A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-Øn-\p≈ {]Xy£ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-
fp-a-s{X.
"" âÑfCG (A-º-Ø) F∂ {Inb°v "apf-∏n-®p, D¬]m-Zn-∏n®p' F∂pw

läÉÑf (\-_m-Øp≥) F∂ ]Z-Øn\v "apf, sNSn, D¬]m-Z\w' F∂n-ß-s\bpw
A¿∞-ßƒ hcp-sa-∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an-√. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ Cu ]pXnb
A¿∞w hI-sh-°p-hm≥ Xc-an-√. CtX hm°p-IƒXs∂ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-
sIm≠v kq: Bep-Cw-dm≥ 37 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp a¿bw (A)-sb-
∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®Xv t\m°pI: ÉjôcR É¡∏Øch Éæ°ùM ÉJÉÑf É¡àÑfCGh (A-√mlp Ahsf
\√-Xmb Hcp D¬]m-Z\w D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ahsf kI-cnøm°v `c-
ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.) AXm-b-Xv, a¿b-ans‚ D¬`-hhpw hf¿®bpw
A√mlp \√ \ne-bn-em-°p-Ibpw, Ah-cpsS c£m-I¿XrXzw kI-cnøm
\_n (A)°v \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh∂v kmcw. C°q-´¿ I¬]n® A¿∞-
{]-Im-c-am-sW-¶n¬, CXn\v "A√mlp Ahsf Hcp \√ kky-am°n apf-∏n-
®p'...F∂v A¿∞w ]d-b-W-a-t√m. AYhm a¿bw BZyw Hcp sNSn-bm-bn-
cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, ]n∂oSv a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn-em-sb∂pw A\-¥cw kI-cnøm
\_nsb G¬]n-®p-sh∂pw CXn\v hymJym-\hpw \¬tI-≠n-h-cpw. IjvSw!
C{Xbpw A]-e-]-\o-bhpw _men-i-hp-amb ]pXnb A¿∞-hym-Jym-\-ßƒ
ImWp-tºmƒ Ch¿°v Izp¿-Bs‚ t]cn¬ F¥pw ]d-bp-hm≥ ss[cy-£-
b-ap-≠m-hn-s√∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-I-bmWv! A√mlp Ah¿°pw \ap°pw
t\¿am¿Kw ImWn-®p-X∂p A\p-{K-ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
5128
950 sIm√-tØmfw \qlv (A) Xs‚ P\-ßsf kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-
te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xns‚ kz`m-h-amWv kwt£-]-cq-]-Øn¬ \mw
apI-fn¬ I≠-Xv. F∂m¬, B P\X AXn-\p-t\sc ssIsIm≠ \b-sa-¥m-
bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \qlv \_n (A) Xs‚ {]kvXm-h\
- b
- n¬ XpS¿∂v hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!21! \qlv ]d™p: "Fs‚
dt∫! \n›- b - a mbpw Ah¿,
Ft∂mSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-
®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv; bmsXm-cp-h¿°v
Ah- c psS kzØpw k¥m- \ hpw
\jvS-a-√msX h¿≤n-∏n-®n-ń-√-tbm,
Aß-s\-bp-≈-hsc Ah¿ ]n≥]-
‰p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'
22! "hfsc henb IpX-{¥hpw

Ah¿ {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'
23! Ah¿ ]d™p: "(P-\-ß-

tf) \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ \nß-
fpsS ssZh-ßsf hnt´-°-cpXv;'
"h±n's\bmI-s´, 'kphmC's\bm-
Is´ \nßƒ hnt´- ° - c pXv;
"bKqYn's\bpw, "bDuIzn's\bpw,
"\kvdn's\bpw (hn-t´-°p-I-bpw)
AcpXv' (F-s∂m-s°).
24! "Ah¿ hfsc (P-\-ß-sf)

hgn-]n-g-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. (d-t∫) A{I-an-
Iƒ°v hgn tIS-√msX \o h¿≤n-
∏n-°-cptX!'
21! \qlv ]d™p Fs‚ dt∫ \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿

Ft∂mSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn®p Ah¿ ]n≥]-‰p-Ibpw
sNbvXp bmsXm-cp-hsc Ah¿°v h¿≤n-∏n-®n-ń√ Xs‚ kzØv
5129
Xs‚ k¥m-\hpw \jvS-a-√msX !22! Ah¿ IpX{¥w
{]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (h-f-sc) hep-Xmb IpX{¥w !23!
Ah¿ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ hnt´-°-cpXv
\nß-fpsS Bcm-[y-h-kvXp-°-sf, ssZh-ßsf hnt´-°p-Ibpw
AcpXv "h±n's\ "kphmC's\bpw AcpXv "bKqYn's\bpw
AcpXv "bDuIzn's\bpw "\kvdn's\bpw !24! Ah¿
hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≠v hfsc (B-fp-I-sf) \o h¿≤n∏n-
°-cptX A{I-an-Iƒ°v hgn-]n-g-h-√msX
F{X-am{Xw at\m-th-Z-\-tbmSpIq-Sn-bmWv \qlv \_n (A) Xs‚ P\-

X-sb-∏‰n A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ k¶S-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI!
{]t_m-[-\-Øn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ F√m am¿K-ßfpw At±lw D]-
tbm-Kn-®p-t\m-°n. 950 sIm√-tØmfw CS-ap-dn-bm-sX, hn{i-a-an-√m-sX, At±lw
B ]cn-{iaw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. kq: lqZv 40 ¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se,
A¬]-am{Xw Bfp-I-f-√msX At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-
®n-√. B P\X hniz-kn-®ns√∂v am{X-a-√, ]cn-lm-kw, [n°m-cw, Alw-`mhw
BZn-bm-b-h-bn¬ Ah¿ AXn-cp-I-hn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cn¬\n∂v F\n
H´pw \∑ {]Xo-£n-°p-hm-\n-s√-∂pw, Ah¿ Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ Ime-tØmfw
Ah-cn¬\n∂v A{I-ahpw am¿K-XS hpw h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±-
l-Øn\v t_m[y-am-bn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv At±lw Ah¿s°-Xn-cn¬
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv. 26 Dw 27 Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v CXv IqSp-
X¬ hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
24 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS {]m¿∞-\bpsS Xm¬]-

cyw, A{I-an-I-fmb B P\-X-bpsS IpX-{¥-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Ah¿°v ]cm-
Pbw \¬I-W-sa-∂pw, Ah-cpsS tXm∂n-b-hm-k-ßƒ°pw Ah¿aq-e-ap-≠m-
Ip∂ iey-ßƒ°pw Adp-Xn-hc - Ø
- ° - h
- Æw Ah¿°v h√ B]tØm \mitam
kw`-hn-°-W-sa∂pw Bbn-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v
AXmWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
"kzØpw a°fpw \jvS-a-√msX as‰m∂pw h¿≤n-∏n-®n-ń-√m-Ø-h¿'

F∂v (21 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬) {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Ah-cn-ep≈ t\Xm-°-sf-bpw, [\n-
I≥amscbpw Ipdn-®m-Ip-∂p. ]ma-c≥amcpw km[m-c-W-°mcpw Ahsc A\p-
I-cn-°p-Ibpw t{]c-W-Iƒ°v hgn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXmWv 24 ˛mw hN-\-
Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. \qlv (A) F¥p-X-s∂-]-d-™mepw icn, \ΩpsS
ssZh-ßsf hn´p-I-f-b-cp-sX∂v t\Xm-°ƒ a‰p-≈-hsc \n¿_-‘n-®p. hn{K-l-
5130
ßsf Dt±-in-®mWv "ssZh-ßƒ' F∂v ]d-™-sX∂v kv]jvS-am-Wv. Ah-bn¬
IqSp-X¬ {][m-\-s∏´ As©-Æ-Øns‚ t]cp-I-fs{X 23 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬
ImWp-∂X - v. k÷-\ß - f
- m-bn-cp∂ Nne Bfp-Iƒ ac-Ws- ∏-´t- i-jw, ]nim-Nns‚
t{]c-Wb - \- p-kc
- n®v BZyw Ah-cpsS {]Xn-aI - ƒ ÿm]n-°s- ∏-Sp-Ib
- pw, {ItaW
Ah Bcm-[y-ssZ-h-ß-fmbn amdp-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-b-sX-∂pw, CtX t]cp-I-fn-
ep≈ hn{K-lß - ƒ Imem-¥c - Ø- n¬ Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-Sb
- nepw {]Nm-cØ - n¬ h∂p-
sh∂pw C_v\p-A-∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJmcn (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch°v ]pdsa "emØ, D m, a\mØ' apX-emb ]e hn{K-l-
ßƒ Ad-_n-Iƒ°v thsdbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (hn-{K-lm-cm-[-\sb kw_-‘n®v
IqSp-X¬ hnhcw Cu kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p≈ hymJym-
\-°p-dn-∏n¬ ImWp-I.) \qlv (A)s‚ {]m¿∞-\°v A√mlp DØcw \¬In.
A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
! 25! Ah- c psS sX‰p- I -

fm¬Xs∂ Ah¿ ap°n \in-∏n-°-
s∏´p; F∂n´v Ah¿ A·n-bn¬
{]th- i n- ∏ n- ° - s ∏- ´ p. At∏mƒ,
Ah¿, Xßƒ°v A√mlp
A√msXbp≈ klm- b n- I sf
Is≠-Øn-bn-√.
25! Ah-cpsS sX‰p (Ip-‰w)-If

- m¬ (X-s∂) Ah¿ ap(°n
\in-∏n)-°-s∏´p F∂n´v Ah¿ {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏´p A·n-bn¬
At∏mƒ Ah¿ Is≠-Øn-bn-√, Ah¿°v Inń-bn√ Ah¿°v
A√m-lp-hn-\p-]p-dsa klm-bn-Isf
\qlv \_n (A)-bn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cp∂ B P\X H∂-S¶w Pe-{]-f-b-

Øn-¬ \in-®p-t]m-b-Xpw, At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cp∂ A¬]w kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Ifpw At±-lhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-{]-Imcw I∏-en¬ Ibdn c£-
s∏-´Xpw {]kn-≤-am-W-t√m. CXv Ah¿°v e`n® sFlnI in£-bm-Wv. ]c-
tem-I-Øntem \c-Im-·nbpw! CsX√mw Ah-cpsS kz¥w sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßƒ \nan-
Ø-a-√msX kw`hn-®n-ń-√. Bscbpw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn´v Imcy-an-√.
Ah¿ "ap°n-\-in-∏n-°-s∏´p' F∂v ]d-™-Xn-t\mSv tN¿Øp-sIm≠v
GQÉf Gƒ∏NOÉa (F-∂n´v Ah¿ A·n-bn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏-´p) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-
∂Xv Iznbm-aØ - v\
- m-fn¬ Ahsc \c-IØ- n¬ {]th-in-∏n-°p-∂X
- n-s\-bpw, Ah¿
AXn\v A¿l-cm-bn-°-gn-™n-´p-≈-Xn-s\bpw Dt±-in-®m-bn-cn-°mw. As√-¶n¬,
apßn-\-in-®-tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ Ahsc A√mlp bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp A·n-
5131
in-£°v hnt[-b-cm-°n-bn-´p≠v F∂pw hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. sN¶-S-en¬ ap°n
\in-∏n-°-s∏´ ^n¿-Hu-s\bpw Ahs‚ Bƒ°m-scbpw kw_-‘n®v "Ah¿
cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw \c-I-Øn-¶¬ {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏-´-ph-cp-∂p-'s≠∂v
40 : 46 ¬ A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠-t√m. ac-W-Øn-\v-tijw Iznbm-a-Øv-
\mƒhsc-bp≈ CS-°m-eØv (ñRÈdG ⁄ÉY ¬) sh®v a\p-jy\v kpJ-a-btam ZpxJ-
a-btam Bb A\p-`-h-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw, Iz_vdnse in£ A°q-´-
Øn¬ s]´-Xm-sW∂pw Izp¿B\n¬\n∂pw lZoYv aptJ-\bpw ÿm]n-X-am-
bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒ, Pe-{]-f-b-Øn¬ \in-∏n-°-s∏-´Xv apX¬ B P\-X-
bpw˛ ^n¿Hus‚ Bƒ°m-sc-t∏m-se˛ GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn-ep≈ Hcp A·n-
in£ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. Gƒ∏NOÉa (F-∂n´v {]th-in-∏n-
°-s∏-´p) F∂ hm°ns‚ BZy-Øn¬ ImWp∂ Ahybw (AÉØdG) t\m°p-tºmƒ,
apßn-\i - n-®X
- ns‚ DS-s\-Øs∂ A·n-{]-th-i\ - hpw kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v sh°p-
hm-\mWv \ymbw ImWp-∂-Xv. IqSm-sX, ap°n-\-in-∏n-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw A·n-
bn¬ {]th-in-∏n-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®pw˛ c≠pw-X-s∂˛ `qX-Ime (»°VÉŸG) {Inb D]-
tbm-Kn-®m-Wt√m A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
!26! \qlv (ho-≠pw) ]d™p:

Fs‚ dt∫, Ahn- i zm- k n- I -
fn¬s]´ Hcp ]uc-s\bpw `qan-°p-
aosX \o (_m-°n-bm-°n) hnt´-°-
cptX!
27! (Imc-Ww) \n›-b-am-
bpw, Ahsc (\- i n- ∏ n- ° m- s X)
hnt´-°p-∂-]-£w, Ah¿ \ns‚
ASn-bm≥amsc hgn-sX-‰n®p If-bp-
∂-XmWv; kXy-\n-tj-[-°m-cmb
Zp¿hr-Øs- c-b√
- msX Ah¿ P\n-∏n-
°p-Ibpw sNbvI-bn-√.
26! \qlv (ho-≠pw) ]d™p Fs‚ dt∫ \o hnt´-°-

cptX `qanbpsS aosX, `qan-bn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn¬\n∂v
Hcp ho´p-Im-c-s\bpw, Krl-hm-knsb (H-cm-sf)bpw !27! \n›-b-
ambpw \o Ahsc \o hnt´°p∂ ]£w Ah¿ hgn-sX-‰n°pw
\ns‚ ASn-bm≥amsc Ah¿ P\n-∏n-°-bp-an√ Zp¿hr-
Øs\ (tXm-∂nb hmkn-sb) A√msX kXy-\n-tj-[-°m-c-\m-b, \µn-
sI-´-h-\mb
5132
B P\-Xs - b-°p-dn®v Hcp k¬{]-Xo-£°v Ah-Im-ia - n-√m-Xn-cp-∂tXm, Ah¿
ssIsIm-≠p-h∂ A{I-a-\-b-ßtfm am{X-am-bn-cp-∂n√ Ah¿s°Xn-cn¬ ˛A-
h-cpsS \mi-Øn-\p-th-≠n˛ {]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ \qlv \_n (A)sb t{]cn-∏n-®-
Xv. `mhn-bn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ Bfp-I-sf˛ Hcp ]t£,
At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®-h-cmbn \ne-hn-ep≈ Npcp°w hy‡n-I-sf-t∏m-epw˛
B A{I-an-Iƒ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂pw, B
Zpjn® P\-X-bn¬\n∂v P\n®p hf-cp∂ `mhn Xe-ap-d-Iƒ Ah-sc-t∏mse
Zpjn® P\-Xb - m-bn-cn-°p-hmt\ am¿K-ap-≈qsh∂pw At±-lØ - ns‚ Zo¿L-Ime
]cn-N-b-Øn¬ \n∂v At±-l-Øn\v t_m[y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. IqSm-sX, At±-l-
tØm-sSm∏w hniz-kn-®p-I-gn-™n-´p≈ A¬]w Nne-c-√msX taen¬ B P\-
X-bn¬\n∂v Bcpw hniz-kn-°p-∂-X√ F∂v At±-l-Øn\v hlvbv \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. (kq: lqZv, 36.) Cu {]m¿∞\ AXn-\p-ti-j-am-bn-cn-°p-
hm\pw CS-bp-≠v. {]hm-NI hcy-\mb \qlv (A) Xs‚ P\-X-s°-Xn-cn¬
{]m¿∞\ sNbvX-Xns‚ Imc-Whpw, \ymb-hpw CXn¬\n∂v \√-t]mse a\-
n-em-°m-a-t√m. ^n¿-Hu-s‚bpw Bƒ°m-cp-sSbpw kXy-\n-tj-[hpw [n°m-
chpw AXn-cp-I-hn™p Ah-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ {]Xo£ ]msS \in-®-t∏mƒ
Ah¿s°-Xn-cn¬ aqkm \_n (A)bpw {]m¿∞n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-s≠-∂pw,
B {]m¿∞-\°v DØcw \¬I-s∏-´p-sh∂pw kq: bq\pkn (88, 89)¬ A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS {]m¿∞-\-bpsS _m°n-`mKw
C{]-Im-c-amWv:˛
!28!Fs‚ dt∫, F\n°pw,

Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°pw, Fs‚
hoń¬ kXy- h n- i zm- k n- b m- b n-
s°m≠v {]th-in-®-h¿°pw, kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw, hnizm-kn-\n-
Iƒ°pw s]mdp- Ø p- X - t c- W ta!
A{I- a n- I ƒ°v \mi (\- j v S )- a -
√msX \o h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNø-
cptX!
28! -Fs‚ c£n-Xm-th, dt∫ F\n°v \o s]mdp-Øp-X-tc-

Wta Fs‚ c≠v P\-bn-Xm-°ƒ (am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ)°pw {]th-
in-®-h¿°pw Fs‚ hoń¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-s°m≠v
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-Iƒ°pw \o h¿≤n-
∏n-°bpw AcptX A{I-an-Iƒ°v \mi-a-√m-sX, \jvS-a-√msX
5133
Ah-km-\a - mbn Xs‚bpw, Xs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°f- p-sSbpw, as‰√m kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\p-th≠n \qlv \_n (A) {]m¿∞n-°p-
∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ {]m¿∞\ H∂p-IqSn Bh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. ZpB sNøp-tºmƒ \mw kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xp≈ Hcp acymZ
CXn¬\n∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°p-hm-\p-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ BZy-
ambn kz¥w Imcyhpw ]n∂oSv Ah-\-h-\p-ambn IqSp-X¬ _‘-s∏-´-h-cpsS
Imcyhpw {]tXyIw FSpØp ]d-b-Ww. Ah-km\w s]mXp-hn¬ F√m-h¿°p-
th-≠nbpw {]m¿∞n-°Ww F∂s{X AXv. Fs‚ hoSv (»à«H) F∂v ]d-™Xv
At±lhpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw "C_m-ZØv' sNbvXn-cp∂ ]≈nsb Dt±-in-
®m-sW∂mWv ]e hymJymXm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. At±lw hkn-®n-cp∂
kz¥w hoSv Xs∂-bm-sW-∂mWv as‰m-c-`n-{]m-bw. Izp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v t\¿°p-
t\sc a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xpw CXm-Wv. A¬]w Bfp-Iƒ am{Xta At±-l-Øn¬
hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. At±-l-am-sW-¶n¬ Zo¿L-Imew Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂p. \m´p-Im-sc√mw i{Xp-°-fp-am-Wv. Cu \ne°v At±-l-Øns‚ P\-X-
bn-ep≈ Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knbpw At±-l-Øns‚ hoń¬ {]th-in-°m-Ø-h-
cmbn D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-an-√-t√m. Hcp \_n-h-N\w C{]-Imcw tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p: "kXy-hn-izm-kn-tbm-S-√msX \o NßmØw sI´-cp-Xv.
`b-`-‡-\-√msX \ns‚ `£Ww Xn∂p-Ibpw Acp-Xv.' (A; Zm; Xn.) \ns‚
ASp-Ø-Iq-´p-sI´pw _‘hpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw k÷-\-ß-tfm-Sp-am-bn-
cn-°-W-sa∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
äÉæeDƒŸGh ÚæeDƒª∏dh Éæj~dGƒdh ÉædôØZG ÉæHQ
5134
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS XpS°w
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v x˛
hn{K-lm-cm-[\
- b
- psS XpS°w
a\p-jy-h¿K-Øns‚ BZy-]n-Xm-hmb BZw \_n (A) `qtem-I-Po-

hnXw Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ k¥m-\-ßƒ `qan-bn¬ hym]n-°p-hm≥
XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvX-tXm-sS-Ø-s∂, a\pjy i{Xp-hmb ]nimNpw Ahs‚
{]h¿Ø-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Ah¿°nSbn¬ XpS-ßn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. X∂m¬ Ign-
bp∂ F√m am¿K-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw BZ-ans‚ k¥-Xn-Isf h©n-°p-sa∂v
{]Xn⁄ sNbvX-h-\m-Wt√m C_venkv. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX BZw \_n
(A)-bpsS a°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ hg°pw h°m-Whpw D≠m-Ip-amdv a\p-jy-cn¬
\n£n-]vX-amb tIm]w, Akq-b, tcmjw BZn-bm-bhsb Ah≥ Cf-°n-hn-´p.
AXv a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-Ønse H∂m-asØ sIme-]m-X-I-Øn¬ Iem-in-°p-Ibpw
D≠m-bn.
`qan- b n¬ a\p- j y- h ¿KsØ krjv S n- ° p- h m≥ t]mIp∂ hnhcw

A√mlp ae- ° p- I sf Adn- b n- ® - t ∏mƒ ae- ° p- I ƒ tNmZn®p:
AÉe~dG∂Ø°ùjh É¡«a ~°ùØj øe É¡«a π©ŒCG (A-Xn¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw c‡w Nn¥p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-hsc AXn¬ \o B°p-∂pthm)? Ah¿°v \¬Inb adp-]Sn:
¿ƒª∏©J ’Ée º∏YCG ÊEG (\n-ßƒ°v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-ØXv \n›-b-ambpw F\n-°-dn-bmw)
F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. (kq: _Izdx 30) a\p-jy-h¿Kw Ipg-∏hpw cIvXw Nn¥epw
\S-Øp-Ib - n-s√∂v A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-ń-√. Ah¿°v Adn-™p-Iq-SmØ ]e
cl-ky-ßfpw AXn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-´p-s≠t∂ k¿∆-⁄-\mb A√mlp adp-
]Sn ]d-™p-≈q. ae-°p-Iƒ kwi-bn® A°mcyw Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX ]pe-
cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AsX, BZw \_n (A)-bpsS ]p{X-\mb lm_oen (π«HÉg)s\
kz¥w ktlm-Zc - \
- mb Izm_o¬ (π«HÉb) sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn. Aßs\, c‡w Nn¥-
en-s‚bpw Ipg-∏-Øn-s‚bpw DZvLm-S\w ]nimNv sIm≠m-Sn. Cu kw`hw kq:
amCZx (30 ˛ 34)-bn¬ A√mlp hnh-cn-®n´p≠v.
I¿a-cw-KØv a\p-jys\ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]nimNv Xr]vXn

AS-™n-√. hnizm-k-cw-K-tØ°pw AX-h≥ hym]n-∏n-®p. Aß-s\, ]e Dul-
ßfpw, sX‰mb [mc-W-I-fpw, Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ßfpw a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ Xe-
s]m-°n. Ime-{I-a-Øn¬ Ah-sb√mw kXy-bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-fmbn AwKo-I-cn-
°-s∏-Sp-hm\pw XpS-ßn. ssZhn-tI-Xc-a-X-ß-fpsS D¤-h-ÿm\w CX-s{X.
5135
ssZhn-tI-Xc-a-X-ß-fn¬ AXn-]p-cm-X\ aX-amWv "kzm_n-bm-a-Xw'. (*) Cu
aX-°m-cn¬ c≠v Xc-°m-cp-≠v. \£-{X-ßfpw D]-cn-tKm-f-ß-fp-sa√mw Nne
Bflo-b-i-‡n-I-fpsS {]Xy-£-cq-]-ß-fm-sW∂ [mc-W-bn¬ Ahsb Bcm-
[n-®p-h-cp∂ Hcp I£n. AXXv {Kl-ß-fn-ep-s≠∂v k¶¬]n-°-s∏-Sp∂
Bflm-°ƒ°v Nne {]tXyI cq]-ßƒ \¬Ip-I-bpw, B cq]-Øn-ep≈ {]Xn-
a-Isf Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ as‰mcp I£n. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ cwK-{]-thiw
sNbvX Hcp am¿Kw CXm-bn-cp-∂p. Nne¿, A√m-lp-hns\ Hcp ÿqe-h-kvXp-
hmbn IW-°p-Iq-ń. cmPm-[n-]-Xn-bmb Ahs‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn\v Np‰pw
Ahs‚ ]cn-Nm-c-I-cmbn ae-°p-Iƒ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xmbn Ah¿ k¶¬]n-
®p. Aß-s\, A√m-lp-hns‚sX∂ k¶¬]-Øn¬ hfsc hen-sbmcp {]Xn-
abpw, Np‰p-]mSpw ae-°p-I-fp-tS-sX∂ `mth\ thsd Ipsd sNdp-{]-Xn-a-Ifpw
{]Xn-jvTn®v Ah¿ Ahsb Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. as‰mcp Iq´¿, A√m-
lp-hns‚ Znhy-Kp-W-ß-fpsS {]Xo-I-ß-sf-t∂mWw Nne {]tXyI cq]-ßsf
k¶¬]n-®p-≠m°n B cq]-ßsf {]Xn-jvTn-°p-I-bpw, Ahsb Bcm-[n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp-h-∂p.
\mem-a-sXmcp hn`m-K-°m¿, ac-W-s∏-´p-t]mb kZvhrØ-cmb ]pWy-

hm≥am-cpsS kvac-W°pw _lp-am-\-Øn-\pw-th≠n Ah-cpsS {]Xn-cq-]-ßƒ
\n¿an-°p-I-bpw, Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ Ah-tbmSp≈ _lp-am\w AXn-cp-I-hn™p
Ahsb Bcm-[n®p XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. \qlv \_n (A)-bpsS P\X Bcm-
[n-®p-h∂ "h±v, kphm-Dv, bKq-Yv, bDu-Izv, \kv¿' F∂o ssZh-ßƒ Cu C\-
Øn¬s]´ hn{K-lß-fs - {X. Cu A©v t]cn-ep-ap≈ hn{K-lß - sf Nne Ad_n
tKm{X-ßƒ Bcm-[n-®n-cp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®p-sIm≠v C_v\p A∫mkv
(d) Cßs\ ]d-™-Xmbn Camw _pJmcn (d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p: "\qlv \_n
(A)-bpsS P\-X-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Nne k÷-\-ß-fpsS t]cp-I-fm-W-h. Aß-
s\, Ah¿ \in®p (a-cn-®p) t]mb-t∏mƒ, Ah¿ Ccn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ccn-∏n-
S-ß-fn¬ Ah-bpsS t]cv \¬In-sIm≠v Nne {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ ÿm]n-°-W-sa∂v
]nimNv P\-ßƒ°v Zp¿t_m-[\w \¬In. Ah-cXv sNbvIbpw sNbvXp. F∂m-
eh Bcm-[n-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. Aß-s\, A°q-´¿ \in-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ BZyw k÷\ kva-c-W-°mbn {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏´ B kvamc-I-
ßƒ ]n¬°m-eØv Bcm-[y-hn-{K-l-ß-fmbn amdn F∂v kmcw. Cß-s\-bp≈
A\p`-h-ßƒ Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥ CSbmI-cp-sX∂v IcpXn
BZy-Im-eØv \_n ˜ Iz_v¿ kµ¿i\w (QƒÑ≤dG IQÉjR)-t]mepw hntcm-[n-®n-cp-
∂Xv ChnsS kvac-Wo-ba - m-Ip-∂p. in¿°ns‚ hi-ßs - f-°p-dn®v apkvenwIƒ°v
Adn-bm-dm-b-t∏mƒ˛ Iz_v¿ kµ¿i\w \S-Øp-∂Xv ]c-tem-I-kva-c-W°v DX-
Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂ Imc-W-Øm¬˛ \_n ˜ ]n∂oSv AXn\v apkvenwIsf
(*) á«HÉ°U = tKmfm¿®-\-aXw (Sabaism)

5136
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "Iz_vdp-Isf
kµ¿in-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv \ntcm-[n-®n-cp-∂p. Adn-t™-
°pI: F∂m¬ \nßƒ Ahsb kµ¿in-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥.' (apkvenw) Xn¿aZo
(d)-bpsS \nth-Z\
- Ø
- n¬ CXpw-Iq-Sn-bp≠v: "Imc-Ww, AXv ]c-tem-IsØ Hm¿an-
∏n°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.'
CXn-s\√mw ]pdsa as‰m-∂p-IqSn: {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ XpS-ßnb alm-flm-

°ƒ apJm-¥cw ˛As√-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw hkvXp-°-fn-eqsS ˛h√ Akm-[m-c-
W-amb A¤pX kw`-h-ßfpw \S-∂-Xmbn ImWp-tºmƒ, Ah-cn¬ ˛A-s√-
¶n¬ Ah-bn¬ ˛Zn-hyXzw I¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-I˛. AYhm B alm-flm-°-fn-tem,
As√-¶n¬ B hkvXp-°-fntem A√mlp Ah-X-cn-°p-Itbm {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-
Itbm sNbvXn-´p-s≠-∂pw, Ahs‚ GsX-¶nepw Hcp KpWw Ah-X-cn-®n-´p-
s≠∂pw Icp-Xp-I. Aß-s\, B alm-flm-°-fp-sStbm hkvXp-°-fp-sStbm
{]Xn-a-I-fp-≠m°n ]qPn-®-h-cp-I. lnµp-°-fpsS hnhn[ Ah-Xmc hnizm-k-
ßfpw, hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-I-fpw, {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Cukm \_n (A)-sbbpw Ipcn-
in-s\bpw Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xp-sa√mw Cu C\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏´h-b-s{X.
]nim-Nns‚ Zp¿t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw a\p-jys‚ A_-≤-P-Sn-e-amb

Nn¥m-K-Xn-I-fn¬\n-∂p-ambn D¤-hn-°p-I-bpw, Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ Nne {]tXyI
cq]-ß-fn¬ ÿnc-s∏´ aX-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fmbn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX
]e-Xcw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-I-fmWv ta¬]-d-™-sX-√mw. hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS
{]kvXpX C\-ß-sf-√mw-Xs∂ in¿°m-sW∂v (_-lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-am-sW-
∂v) Izp¿-B≥ kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn {]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. hn{K-l-ßƒ
kzbw-Xs∂ Xßƒ°v KpWtam tZmjtam hcp-Øp-hm≥ {]m]vX-am-sW∂
hnizm-k-tØmsS Ahsb Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-h¿ Xptemw Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°pw.
]t£, Ahsb Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xp-aqew GsX-¶nepw {]Im-tcW ssZh-km-ao-
]y-Øn-\pw, ]pWyw t\Sp-∂-Xn\pw D]-I-cn-°p-sa∂pw Ahtbm Ah {]Xn-\n-
[m\w sNøp∂ ]pWym-flm-°tfm, As√-¶n¬ h≥kr-jvSn-Itfm A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬ ip]m¿ibpw kzm[o-\hpw sNepØn Xßƒ°v c£ \¬Ip-sa∂pw D≈
hnizm-k-amWv AXn-∂-hsc t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. 3:ôeõdG-≈ØdR ¬∏dG ¤EG ÉfƒHô≤«d ’EG ºg~Ñ©f Ée
(A-h¿ Rßsf A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v kmao]yw \¬In ASp-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-
b-√msX Rßƒ Ahsc Bcm-[n-°p-∂n-√) F∂pw, 18:¢ùfƒj -¬∏dG ~æY ÉfDhÉ©Ø°T A’Dƒg
(C-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ Rß-fpsS ip]m¿i-°m-cm-Wv.) F∂pw a‰pw
hn{K-lm-cm-[-I≥am¿ ]d-bm-dp-≈-Xmbn A√mlp D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv CXns\∏‰n-
bm-Ip-∂p.
kq: bq\p-kn¬\n-∂p-≤-cn® Cu hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ Camw-

dmko (d) At±-l-Øns‚ X^vko-dn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≈ Hcp hmNIw ChnsS
5137
{it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. AXn-ß-s\-bmWv: º«¶©àH ≥∏ÿG øe Òãc ∫É¨à°TG ¿ÉeõdG Gòg ‘ ∂dP Ò¶fh
ì4ê557 ¢U …RGôdG-¤É©J ¬∏dG ~æY º¡d AÉ©Ø°T ¿ƒfƒµj º¡fÉa ºgQƒÑb Gƒª¶Y GPG º¡fCG OÉ≤àYG ≈∏Y ôHÉc’G QƒÑb
(kmcw: alm-∑m-cpsS Iz_vdp-Isf _lp-am-\n-®m¬ Ah¿ Xßƒ°v A√m-
lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ ip]m¿i-°m-cm-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂ hnizm-k-tØmsS C°m-
eØv hfsc ]S-∏p-Iƒ alm≥am-cpsS Iz_vdp-Isf _lp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xn¬
G¿s∏-ń-´p-≈Xpw CXn\v Xpey-am-bX - m-Ip-∂p.) Camw dmko (d)-bpsS ImesØ
(lnPvdx 7˛mw \q‰m-≠n-se) ÿnXn-bm-W-t±lw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-Xv. F∂m¬
AXn-\p-tijw Cu G¿∏mSv F{X-am{Xw IqSp-X¬ i‡n-s∏´p h∂n-´p-s≠∂v
C∂v kXym-t\z-jn-Isf ]d-™-dn-bn-t°-≠-Xn-√. A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw!
in¿°ns‚ F√m hIp-∏p-I-fn¬\n∂pw A√mlp \sΩ-sb-√m-h-scbpw ImØp-
c-£n-°-s´. ÚeBG
5138
`mKw 29 ø÷G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 72 Pn∂v
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ø÷G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
72. kqdXp¬ Pn∂v

Cu A≤ym-b-Øns‚ t]¿ "Pn∂v' F∂pw, CXnse {]tXyI kwkm-

c-hn-jbw Pn∂p-Isf kw_-‘n-°p-∂Xpw BIp-∂p. ae-°p-Is - f-t∏m-se-Øs∂
\ΩpsS ZrjvSn°v Imäm≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp Xcw Bflob Pohn-I-fs{X
Pn∂v-h¿Kw. ae-°p-I-fpsS Bhmk-ÿm\w BIm-i-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬
Pn∂p-I-fm-Is´ `qhm-kn-I-fmWv. a\p-jy¿ aÆn-\mepw, Pn∂p-Iƒ A·n-bmepw
krjvSn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v Izp¿-B≥ H∂n-e-[nIw ÿeØv {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. ae-°p-Iƒ {]Im-iØ - m-emWv krjvSn-°s
- ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂s- X∂v lZo-Ynepw
h∂n-´p-≠v. ae-°p-I-sf kw_-‘n-s®-∂-t]mse Pn∂p-I-sf-°p-dn®pw A√m-
lphpw Ahs‚ {]hm-N-I≥amcpw Adn-bn®p X∂-X-√msX IqSp-X¬ hnhcw
\ap°v Adn-bp-hm≥ km≤y-a-√. A√m-lphpw dkqepw ]d-™Xv˛ AXv Zriy-
am-I-s´, AZr-iy-am-I-s´˛ A∏Sn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNø¬
\n¿_-‘-hp-am-W-t√m.
aXm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ s]mXp-hn-epw, aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb XXz-⁄m-\n-I-

fn¬ an°-hcpw Pn∂v Fs∂mcp AZr-iy-h¿K-ap-s≠∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-h-cm-Ip-
∂p. aXm-h-ew-_n-I-f-√mØ imkv{X-⁄≥am¿ s]mXp-hn¬ Pn∂v -h¿KsØ
\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂v ]d-bm-sa-¶nepw Ah-cnepw Nn¥-I≥am-cmb Nne¿
apºpw˛ Ct∏m-gpw˛ Pn∂ns\ ÿm]n-°p-∂h - c
- s
- {X. hni-Zmw-iß
- f
- n¬ hyXykvX
A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≠m-hm-sa∂v am{Xw. apkvenwIsf kw_-‘n®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬, Izp¿-B\pw \_n-h-N-\-ßfpw apJ-hn-e°v kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dn-√m-
Ø-hcpw imkv{X-Øn\pw bp‡n-hm-Z-Øn\pw ASna-s∏´pw ùXnI Nn¥m-KXn
]nSn-s]-´p-sIm≠ncn-°p-∂-hcpw am{Xta Pn∂p-h¿K-sØbpw ae-°p-h¿K-
sØbpw \ntj-[n-°p-∂p-≈q. Xßƒ Izp¿-Bs\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-c-s√∂v hcp-
Øn-Øo¿°p-amdv F{Xtbm Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßsf Ah¿ Zp¿hym-Jym\w
sNbvXv kwXr-]vXc - m-tI-≠n-h∂
- n´p≠v. lZo-Yp-If- psS t\sc IÆ-S® - pw, bp‡n-
\ym-b-ßƒ ]d™pw X≈n-°-f-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. A]-cn-jvIr-X-cmb a\pjy-
hn-`m-K-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv Pn∂p-I-sf∂v ]d-bp-∂-sX-∂mWv Ah-cpsS P¬]-\w.
5139
Ah¿ sIm≠p-h-cm-dp≈ sXfn-hp-I-fpw, \ymb-ß-fpw, Ah-bpsS JWvU-\-
ßfpw hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v kq: lnPvdn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ CXn-
s\-∏‰n \mw khn-kvXcw kwkm-cn-®p-I-gn-™-Xm-Wv. BI-bm¬, ChnsS
AsXm∂pw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂n-√. Pn∂vh¿K-sØbpw ]nim-Np-°-sfbpw Ipdn®v
Izp¿-Bs - ‚bpw lZo-Yn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\Ø
- n¬ ]e hnh-cß
- fpw \mw AhnsS
hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v. Ah-bn¬ Nne-sX√mw Cu kqd-Ønse hN-\-ßsf B[m-c-
am-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
˜
Hcp-Iq´w Pn∂p-Iƒ \_n Xncp-ta\n -bn¬\n∂v Izp¿-B≥ tIƒ°p-Ibpw,
˜
Ah¿ Izp¿-B-\nepw \_n -bnepw hniz-kn-°p-I-bpw, A\-¥cw Xß-fpsS
kap-Zm-bsØ AXn-te°v £Wn-°p-Ibpw D≠mb kw`-h-amWv Cu kqd-
Ønse {][m-\h - n-jb
- w. kzP-\X
- sb £Wn-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ sNbvX {]kvXm-
h-\I
- ƒ A√mlp CXn¬ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ apºv I-gn™ kqd-Ønse
kwkm-cn-hn-jbw \qlv \_n (A) sXm≈m-bn-c-ØºXv sIm√w At±-l-
Øns‚ P\-X-°n-S-bn¬ \S-Ønb {]t_m-[-\-Øn-s‚-bpw, B P\X AXn-s\-
Xnsc kzoI-cn® \ne-]m-Sn-s‚-bpw, Ah-cpsS ]cy-h-km-\-Øns‚bpw Ncn-{X-
˜
am-W-t√m. \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS {]t_m-[-\-Øn\v apºn¬ Ahn-SpsØ
P\X ssIsIm≠ \ne-]mSpw \qlv (A)s‚ P\X kzoI-cn® \ne-]m-Sns‚
˜
AtX ]I¿∏v Xs∂. BI-bm¬, \_n Xncp-ta\n °v Hcp a\- -am-[m-\hpw,
Ahn-SpsØ P\-X°v Hcp Ncn-{X-]m-T-hp-am-bn-cp∂p kqdØv \qlv. kXy-\n-
tj-[n-Iƒ Izp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°m-ØXv Izp¿-B-s‚tbm \_n-bp-sStbm
GsX-¶nepw t]mcm-bva-sIm-≠-√˛ Ah-cpsS a¿°-S-ap-jvSn-sIm≠v am{X-amWv
˛F-∂pw, a\p-jy-h¿K-Øn¬s]-´-h¿t]m-ep-a-√mØ Hcp Iq´w Bfp-Iƒ˛ Pn∂p-
˜
Iƒ˛ \_n -bn¬\n∂v Izp¿-B≥ tI´-am-{X-bn¬ AXn¬ BIr-jvS-cm-hp-
Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-∂pw; am{X-a-√, Ah¿ Xß-fpsS P\-Xsb
AXn-te°v £Wn-°p-I-Iq-Sn-bp-≠m-sb∂pw Cu kqdØv Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂p.
Øn¬.
1! (\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: "Pn∂p-
I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp Iq´¿ (Izp¿-
B≥) {i≤n-®p-tIƒ°p-I-bp-≠m-
sb∂v F\n°v hlvbp \¬I-s∏-
ń-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n´v Ah¿ ]d™p:
"\n›-ba - m-bpw, Rßƒ B›-cy-I-
c-amb Hcp "Izp¿-B≥' []mcm-b-W-
{KŸw] tI´p.'
5140
2!AXv k≥am¿K-Øn-te°v
hgn Im´p∂p; AXn-\m¬ Rßƒ
AXn¬ hniz- k n- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
Rßƒ RßfpsS c£n- X m- h n-
t\mSv Hcm-sfbpw ]¶v tN¿°p-I-
bn-√-X-s∂.
!1! \o ]d-bpI F\n°v hlvbv (t_m-[-\w) \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-
°p∂p {i≤n- ® p- t Iń´p- s ≠- ∂ v , sNhn- s Im- S p- s Ø∂v
Pn∂n¬s]´ Hcp-Iq-´¿ (sN-dp-kw-Lw) F∂n-´-h¿ ]d™p \n›-
b-ambpw Rßƒ tIń-cn-°p∂p B›-cy-I-c-amb Izp¿-B≥ (]m-cm-
b-Ww, ]mcm-b-W-{K-Ÿw) !2! AXv hgnIm´p-∂p, k≥am¿K
(t\¿h-gn˛ Xt‚-Sw)-Øn-te°v Aßs\ Rß-f-Xn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-
°p∂p Rßƒ ]¶p-tN¿°p-I-bn-√-Xs∂ Rß-fpsS (\-Ωp-sS)
d∫n-t\mSv Hcm-sfbpw
˜
Pn∂p-Iƒ \_n bn¬ \n∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw tI´ kw`-h-sØ-∏‰n
]e lZo-Yp-Ifpw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-bn¬ Nne-sX√mw kq: AlvIzm^v
29 ˛ 32 s‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ \mw D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah Chn-sSbpw Hm¿an-®n-cn-
t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Pn∂p-Iƒ H∂n-e-[nIw {]mhiyw \_n -bpsS k∂n-[n- ˜
bn¬ h∂n-´p-s≠-∂pw, Xncp-ta-\n-sbm-∂n®v kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ Nne¿ D≈-t∏m-
gpw, Bcpw C√m-Ø-t∏mgpw, AXv kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw lZo-Yp-I-fpsS ASn-
ÿm-\-Øn¬ AhnsS \mw Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. _pJm-cn, apkvenw (d)
XpS-ßnb ]ecpw C_v\p-A-∫mkv (d)¬ \n∂p-≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Yn¬, \_n
˜ Ahsc I≠n-ń-s√-∂pw, Ah¿ Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw tI´pt]mb hnhcw
hlvbv aptJ\ am{X-amWv Xncp-ta\n Adn-™-sX∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Pn∂p-I-fpsS {]Xn-\n[n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-°¬ h∂p Bh-iy-s∏´ {]Imcw
Xncp-ta\n Ah¿°v Izp¿-B≥ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-Ib - pw, Ahsc Ckveman-te°v
£Wn-°p-Ibpw D≠m-sb∂pw a‰pw C_v\p akv-DuZv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn
AlvaZv, apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ D≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Ynepw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®Xv H∂m-asØ kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®m-sW-
∂pw, C_v\p akvDuZv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®Xv c≠m-asØ kw`-ha - m-sW∂pw Camw
ss_lIzo (d) apX-em-b-h¿ Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-´p-≠v. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-°¬
c≠v {]mhiyw Pn∂p-Iƒ sN∂n-´p-s≠∂v C_v\p A∫mkv (d) Xs∂bpw
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Xz_vdm\o (d) D≤-cn-®n-´p-≈Xpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. IqSm-
sX, Pn∂p-I-fpsS kw`hw D≠m-bn-´p-≈Xv Xncp-ta\n a°x-bn-em-bn-cp∂ Ime-
5141
Øm-Wv. A∂v C_v\p A∫mkv sNdp-{]m-b-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. B \ne°v
C_v\p akv-DuZv (d), A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) F∂n-h-sc-t∏mse AXv kw_-‘n®
kq£va-hn-hcw At±-l-Øn\v C√m-Xn-cn-°pI kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠v˛
C_v\p ssXanø (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se˛ C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-
hn-®Xv At±lw Cu kqd-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°n-∏-d-™-Xm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøm-a-t√m. (Iq-Sp-X¬ hnhcw kqx AlvIzm-^n¬ Ign-™p-t]m-bXv Hm¿°p-
I.)
˜
Npcp-°-Øn¬, \_n -bn¬ \n∂v Pn∂p-Iƒ Izp¿-B≥ tI´ kw`-h-ß-
fn¬ H∂n-s\-∏‰ - n-bmWv ChnsS A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂X
- v. B hnhcw hlvbv
˜
e`n- ® - t ∏mtg \_n °v Adn- b p- h m≥ Ign- ™ p- ≈ q. AXp- s Im- ≠ mWv
™ªà°SG ¬fCG ‹EG »MhCG πb ({i≤n-®p-tI´p F∂v F\n°v hlvbv \¬I-s∏-´p-sh∂v ]d-
bpI ........) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kq: AlvIzm-^n¬ ø÷G øe ôØf ∂«dEG Éæaô°U PEGh
(Pn-∂p-I-fn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp Iq´sc \ns‚ ASp-°-te°v \mw Xncn-®p-hn´
kµ¿`w Hm¿°p-I) F∂m-Wt√m ]d-™n-´p-f-f-Xv. Cu hmIyw˛ kwi-bm-Xo-
X- a mw- h Æw kv ] jv S - a m- s W∂v ]d- ™ p- I qSm. F¶n- e pw˛ Pn∂p- I ƒ
˜
\_n bpsS ASp-°¬ h∂v Izp¿-B≥ tIƒ∏n-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏´ kw`-
hsØ Dt±-in-®m-bn-cn-°m\pw km[y-X-bp-≠v. Nne alm≥am¿ Cßs\ A`n-
{]m-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. F\n, c≠v kqd-Øn-sebpw kw`hw H∂p-
X-s∂-bm-sW∂v h∂m¬ Xs∂-bpw, thsdbpw kw`hw D≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v ]e
lZo-Yp-I-fmepw, A\n-tj-[y-ambnÿm]n-X-am-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. H∂m-asØ Xh-
˜
W, \_n Adn-bm-sX-Øs∂ Ahn-Sp∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-∂Xv
tI´-t∏mƒ AXn¬ A¤p-Xhpw hnizm-khpw P\n® B Pn∂p-Iƒ ho≠pw
h∂p Xßƒ°v Izp¿-B≥ tIƒ∏n-°-W-sa∂pw a‰pw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
tIhew kzm`m-hnIw am{X-am-Wv. ôØf (\-^¿) F∂ hm°v ]Øn\v Xmsg-bp≈
sNdp-kwLw Bfp-Iƒ F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. BI-
bm¬ h∂ Bfp-Iƒ Ipdt® D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q-sh∂v a\- n-em-°mw.
A]-cn-jvIr-X-a-\p-jy-cmWv Pn∂p-Iƒ F∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h¿, Chn-
sSbpw kq: AlvIzm-^nepw Pn∂p-Iƒ Izp¿-B≥ tI´p-sh∂v ]d-™Xv a°m-
apivcn°p-Isf `b∂v shfn-°p-h-cm≥ ss[cy-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp∂ Nne a\p-jy-sc-
˜
°p-dn-®m-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂p. Hcp-Iq´w a\p-jy¿ \_n bpsS ASp-°¬ h∂p
Izp¿-B≥ tI´p-t]m-Ip-I, Ah¿ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-I-, F∂n´v Xß-
fpsS P\-Xb- psS ASp-°¬sN∂v Ahsc D]-tZ-in-°pI, CsX√mw Ign-™n´pw
˜
\_n AsXm∂pw Adn-™n-s√-∂pw, hlvbv e`n-®-t∏mƒ am{Xta Adn-™p-
≈q-sh∂pw k¶¬]n-°p-hm≥ tIhew \´p-®°v IÆ-S®v Ccp-´m-°p-∂-h¿°v
am{Xta km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q.
Pn∂p-I-fpsS Cu kw`hw Izp¿-B-\n¬ D≤-cn®Xn¬\n∂v Xmsg ImWp-
∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Nne bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw:
5142
˜
(1) a\p-jy-cn-te°v am{X-am-bn-cp-∂n√ \_n Xncp-ta\n b - psS ZuXyw;
AYhm Pn∂p- I - f n- t e°pw IqSn- b p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Cu hnj- b - Ø n¬
apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]d-b-Ø° `n∂m-`n-{]mbw C√.
(2) Ah¿°v a\p-jys‚ kwkm-chpw `mjbpw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
km[n-°pw. Ah¿ Izp¿-B≥ tI´p a\- n-em-°n-b-t√m.
(3) Ah-cpw aX-im-k-\-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-cm-Wv. Ah¿ kXy-hn-izmkw
kzoI-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂pw, XpS¿∂p≈ Ah-cpsS {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬\n∂pw CXv
hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.
(4) Ahcpw Hcp-Xcw kmaq-lnI PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-hcpw ]c-kv]cw
D]-tZiw \¬IpI apX-emb IrXy-ßƒ \S-Øm-dp-≈-h-cp-am-Ip-∂p.
(5) Pn∂p-Iƒt]mepw Izp¿-B≥ tI´-am-{X-bn¬ AXn¬ hniz-kn®
ÿnXn°v Ah-sc-°mƒ DØ-a-h¿K-amb a\p-jy¿ AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥
]e \ne°pw Ah- s c- ° mƒ _m[y- ÿ - c m- I p- ∂ p. F∂m¬, Izp¿- B ≥
Bh¿Øn®p tIń´pw AXn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cpsS XS w Ah-cpsS Ip_p-
≤nbpw, a¿°-S-ap-jvSn-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
Cu Pn∂p-Iƒ Izp¿-B≥ tI´-t∏mƒ Ah-cn-ep-≠mb {]Xn-I-cWw

F{X hºn-®X - m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v 1 apX¬ 14 IqSnb hN-\ß
- f
- n¬\n∂v \√-t]mse
a\- n-em-°mw. Pn∂p-I-fpsS {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS _m°n `mK-ß-fmWv Xmsg
ImWp-∂-Xv.
!3! \ΩpsS d∫ns‚ alXzw

D∂-Xa
- m-bX- m-Ip∂p F∂pw Ah≥
kl-[¿an-Wn-sb-bm-I-s´, k¥m-\-
sØ- b m- I s´ kzoI- c n- ® n- ´ n√
F∂pw;
4! \Ωn-ep≈ t`mj≥ A√m-

lp- h ns‚ t]cn¬ Ihn™
A\oXn ]d- b m- d p- ≠ m- b n- c p∂p
F∂pw;
5! a\p-jycpw Pn∂pw A√m-lp-

hns‚ t]cn¬ \n›- b - a mbpw
hymPw ]d- b p- ∂ - t X- b √ F∂v
Rßƒ [cn-®p-sh∂pw ({]-kvXm-hn-
®p)
5143
!3! \n›-b-ambpw AXv (Im-cyw) D∂-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ (F-∂pw)
\ΩpsS d∫ns‚ al-Xzw, A\p-{Klw Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
ń√ (kzo-Ic
- n-®n-ń-√) kl-[¿anWn (Xp-W° - m-cn˛ (`m-cy)sb k¥m-
\sØ (a-°-sf)-bp-an√ !4! Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]dbpw
\Ωnse t`mj≥, hnUvVn A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ (t]-cn¬) A{I-
aw, Ihn™ A\o-Xn, hnZq-c-amb hymPw !5! \mw [cn®p F∂pw
]d-bp-∂tX-b√ (]-d-bp-I-bn-√-X-s∂) F∂pw a\p-jy¿
Pn∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ hymPw, h√ Ifhpw
A√m-lp-hn\v a°fpw `mcy-bp-ap≠v F∂n-ßs\ bmYm¿∞y-hp-ambn hnZq-
c-_‘w t]mep-an-√mØ hymP-ßƒ Ahs‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jy-h¿Ktam Pn∂p-
h¿Ktam ]d-™p-≠m-°p-sa∂v Rßƒ hnNm-cn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ct∏mƒ Izp¿-B≥
tIƒ°p-Ibpw kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏m-gmWv AsX√mw
hnUvVn-Ø-ß-fm-sW-∂pw, A√mlp AXn¬\n-s∂√mw ]cn-ip-≤-\m-sW∂pw
Rßƒ°v t_m[y-am-bXv F∂v kmcw.
!6! a\p-jy-cn¬\n-∂p≈ Nne
]pcp-j≥am¿ [Bfp-Iƒ] Pn∂p-I-
fn¬\n-∂p≈ Nne ]pcp-j≥am-tcmSv
[Bfp-I-tfmSv] icWw tXSm-dp-≠m-
bn-cp∂p; Aßs\ Ah¿ Ah¿°v
hnUvVnØw (A-Yhm K¿∆v) h¿≤n-
∏n®p F∂pw;
7! A√mlp Hcm-sfbpw Fgp-

t∂¬]n-°p-∂t- X-b√ F∂v \nßƒ
[cn-®-Xp-t]mse Ahcpw [cn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p-sh∂pw ({]-kvXm-hn-®p).
6! Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Nne ]pcp-j≥am¿ (B-fp-Iƒ)

a\p-jy-cn¬s]´ Ah¿ A`bw (i-c-Ww˛ c£) tXSp (am-bn-cp-∂p)
Nne ]pcp-j≥am-tcmSv Pn∂n¬\n∂p-ff Aßs\ AX-
h¿°v h¿≤n-∏n®p _m[ (K¿∆v, [n°mcw ˛[m¿jvSyw˛ hnUvVnØw
A{I-aw) !7! Ah¿ [cn®p F∂pw \nßƒ [cn-®-Xp-t]mse
Fgp-t∂¬]n-°pI (A-b-°p-I˛ \ntbm-Kn-°p-I)-bn√ Xs∂ F∂v
A√mlp Hcm-sfbpw
5144
Pn∂p-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw, Ah-cn-ep≈ ZpjvShn`m-K-amb ssiXzms\ (]n-
im-Nn-s\)-°p-dn®pw C∂v ]e-cnepw I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-
bnepw ]e sX‰mb [mc-W-Ifpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnP-\-
{]-tZ-i-ß-fmb h√ Xmgvhc-bn-eq-sStbm at‰m k©-cn-°p-tºmƒ B {]tZ-i-
\n-hm-kn-I-fmb Pn∂p-I-fn¬ \n∂v h√ D]-{Z-htam B]tØm t\cn-t´-°m-
sa∂v Ah¿ `b-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, Aß-s\-bp≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬IqSn
t]mIp-tºmƒ "Cu Xmgvhc-bnse hnh-ca - n-√m-Øh
- c
- mb Pn∂p-Isf kw_-‘n®v
Chn-SsØ t\Xm-hmb Pn∂n-t\mSv Rßƒ icWw tXSp∂p' F∂v Ah¿
]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Xßƒ°v Ah-cn¬\n∂v D]-
{Z-h-ß-sfm∂pw t\cn-Sp-I-bn-s√∂v Ah¿ kam-[m-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. CXn-
s\-∏-‰n-bmWv 6 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Pn∂p-Iƒ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv.
É≤gQ ºghOGõa F∂ hmIy-Øn\v c≠p-{]-Im-c-Øn¬ A¿∞-hym-Jym\w

\¬Is∏-ń-´p≠v:
(1) B icWw tXS¬aqew Pn∂p-Iƒ°v a\p-jy¿ hnUvVnØw h¿≤n-

∏n-®p. AY-hm, AXv \nanØw Ah¿°v K¿∆pw [n°m-chpw A[n-I-am-bn-
Øo¿∂p.
(2) AXp-aqew a\p-jy¿°v Pn∂p-Iƒ hnUvVnØw h¿≤n-∏n-®p.

AYhm Pn∂p-I-sf-°p-dn®p≈ `bhpw Ah-tcmSv icWw tXSepw Imc-W-
ambn Ah-cn¬ t`mjvIpw \njn-≤-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw h¿≤n-®p. ≥gQ (d-
lIzv) F∂ hm°n\v kµ¿t`m-NnXw ]e A¿∞-ßƒ hcp-∂Xpw (*) I¿Øm-
hn-s‚bpw I¿a-Øn-s‚bpw ÿm\Øv \ne-sIm-≈p∂ c≠v k¿∆-\m-a-ß-
fn(∫ƒ©ØŸGh πYÉØdG …Òª°V)¬ Pn∂p-Isf Ipdn-°p-∂Xv GXm-sW-∂pw, a\p-jysc
Ipdn-°p-∂Xv GXm-sW∂pw \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ hyXy-kvX-ho-£W
(**)hp-amWv Cu `n∂m-`n-{]-mb- Ø
- n\v Imc-Ww. c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw Dt±iyw hy‡-
am-W-t√m.
7 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Hcm-sfbpw Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p-I-bn√

(G~MCG ¬∏dG å©Ñj ød) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw A√mlp Bscbpw dkq-embn
Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p-∂n√ F∂pw, ac-W-tijw A√mlp Bscbpw c≠m-aXv Fgp-
¿É«°ûZh º∏¶dGh ô°ûdG ÜƒcQ h áØÿGh∑ƒædGh ¬Ø°ùdG ácôfi ≥gôdGh ïdG ¬≤∏◊h ¬«°ûZ ìôØc ≥gQ: ¢SƒeÉ≤dG ‘ ∫Éb *
`gïdG ΩQÉÙ
É° jG ¢ùµ©dG πªàëjh ¢ùfE’G ƒg ∫ƒ©ØŸG Òª°Vh ø÷G ƒg ∫ƒ©ØŸGh πYÉØdG Òª°V ™Lôe ¿ƒµj ¿G πªàëj …CG **
5145
t∂¬]n-°p-I-bn√ F∂pw BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. Cu c≠v {]Im-c-Ønepw B
hmIy-Øn\v hymJym\w \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-ap-≠v. c≠m-bmepw Pn∂v-h¿Khpw a\p-
jy-h¿Khpw [cn-®p-h-∂n-cp∂ B [mcW sX‰m-sW∂v Xßƒ°v Ct∏mƒ
t_m[y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂s{X Pn∂p-Iƒ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ kmcw.
a\p-jy-cn-ep≈ Nne A]-cn-jvIrX hn`m-K-Øns‚ t]cmWv "Pn∂v'

F∂pw, Aßs\ Hcp {]tXyI h¿Kw krjvSn-I-fn-s√∂pw hmZn-°p-∂-h¿
Xß-fpsS hmZ-Øn\v sIm≠p-h-cm-dp≈ s]m≈-bmb sXfn-hp-I-fn¬ H∂mWv
ø÷G øe ∫ÉLQ (Pn-∂p-If- n¬ \n∂p≈ ]pcp-j≥am¿) F∂ hm°v. ∫ÉLQ (cn-Pm¬)s‚
GI-h-N\w πLQ (d-Pp¬) F∂m-Ip-∂p. CXv a\p-jy≥am¿°p-am-{Xta ]d-bm-
dp-≈q-sh∂v Ch¿ ka¿∞n-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Cu ka¿∞\w Ig-ºn-√m-Ø-
Xm-sW-∂pw, AXv kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬t]mepw AXn¬ Ah¿°v sXfn-
hn∂v hI-bn-s√∂pw kq:lnPvdn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ \mw
{]tXyIw hnh-cn®p Ign-™X - m-Wv. Pn∂vh¿KsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂h - ¿°v Pn∂p-
I-fpsS {]kvXm-h-\-I-fmbn Cu kqd-Øn¬ ImWp∂ ]e-Xn-s\bpw Zp¿hym-
Jym\w sNtø≠n h∂n-´p-≠v. A°q-´-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS a\- m-£n-sb-t∏mepw
h©n-®p-sIm≠v XnI®pw _men-i-amb Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ßƒ sNtø-≠n-h∂ Nne
`mK-ßf - mWv XpS¿∂p≈ c≠v Bb-Øp-If - n¬ ImWp∂ Pn∂p-If
- psS {]kvXm-
h\:˛
! 8! \mw BIm- i sØ
kv]¿in®p (t\m-°n): At∏mƒ
AXv i‡n-a-Ømb ]mdm-hp-Im-cm-
epw, XoPzm-e-I-fmepw \nd-°-s∏-ń-
cn- ° p- ∂ - X mbn \mw Is≠Øn
F∂pw;
9! \mw AXn¬ [BIm- i -
Øn¬] \n∂v Nne Ccn-∏n-S-ß-fn¬
tIƒ°p-hm≥ th≠n Ccn-°m-dp-
≠m-bn-cp∂p; F∂m¬, Ct∏mƒ
Bsc-¶nepw sNhn-sIm-Sp-°p∂
[tIƒ°m≥ {ian-°p-∂]-Xm-bm¬,
Ahs\ ho£n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n-
°p∂ Hcp XoPzm-esb Ah≥
Is≠- Ø p- ∂ - X mWv F∂pw ({]-
kvXm-hn-®p).
8! \mw kv]¿in®p (sXm-´p) F∂pw BIm-isØ
At∏mƒ \ma-Xns\ Is≠Øn AXv \nd-°-s∏´ \ne-bn¬ ]mdm-
5146
hp-Im-cm¬ ITn-\-am-b, i‡-amb XoPzme (D¬°)-I-fmepw
!9! \mw Ccn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXn¬\n∂v Nne
Ccn-∏nSw (Xm-hf
- w)Ifn¬ tIƒ°p-hm≥ th≠n F∂m¬ Bsc-
¶nepw sNhn-sIm-Sp-Øm¬, tIƒ°m≥ {ian-®m¬, Ct∏mƒ Ah≥
X\n°v Is≠Øpw Hcp XoPzm-e, D¬° {]Xo-£n®p (ho-£n-®p)-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂
ap≥Im-eØv BIm-iØv Nne {]tXyI ÿe-ß-fn¬ Ib-dn-s®∂v ]Xn-
bn-cn-°p-I-bpw, `qan-bn¬ \S°phm≥ t]mIp∂ Nne Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ae-
°p-Iƒ XΩn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂ kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v h√Xpw D]mb-Øn¬
tIƒ°p-I-bpw, AXn¬ hf-sc-tbsd hymP-ßfpw Iqń-t®¿Øp-sIm≠v B
hnhcw Xß-fpsS tkh-Icpw Bcm-[-I-cp-amb a\p-jy¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp ]Xnhv Pn∂p-I-fn¬ ˛Pn-∂p-I-fnse ZpjvS-P-\-ßfmb
˜
]nim-Np-°-fn¬˛ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS \ntbm-K-tØm-Sp-IqSn
Ah¿°v BIm-i-tØ-°p≈ {]th-i\w XS-b-s∏-´p. {]tXyIw Nne Imh-ep-
Iƒ G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, \£-{X-ß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ D¬°-I-fm¬ Ah¿
Fdn-™m-´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv Pn∂p-I-fpsS Cu {]kvXm-
h-\. Cu hnjbw Izp¿-B-\n¬ H∂n-e-[nIw ÿeØv hnh-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
Cu hnj-b-I-ambn Cu hN-\-ß-f-S°w h∂n-´p≈ ]e Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-
fpw, \_n-h-N-\-ß-fpw D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v kq: lnPvdn∂v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-
°p-dn-∏n¬ \mw th≠{X hnh-cn®p Ign-™n-´p-≠v. Pn∂pw a\p-jy\pw Htc-
h¿Kw-X-s∂-bm-sW∂ hmZ-°m-cpsS Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ß-fpw, Zp¿\ym-b-ßfpw
AhnsS FSp-Øp-Imń Ah-s°√mw i‡n-bp‡w adp-]Sn \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ChnsS IqSp-X-sem∂pw {]kvXm-hn-t°-≠p∂
Bh-iy-an-√. BIm-it- Ø-°p≈ Xß-fpsS {]th-i\w XS-bs - ∏´p I≠-t∏mƒ,
Ft¥m Hcp {][m\ kw`hw \S-∂n-cn-°p-sa∂v Pn∂p-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-I-bp-
≠m-sb∂pw AsX-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Ah¿ ]e `mKØpw At\z-jWw \S-
˜
Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°-sh-bmWv Ah-cn¬ Hcp Iq´¿ \_n bn¬\n∂v Izp¿-B≥
]mcm-bWw tIƒ°m≥ CS-bm-bs - X∂pw lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p-≈Xpw \mw AhnsS
D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
!10! `qan-bn-ep-≈-hcn¬ Xn∑-
bmtWm Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv,
AX√ Ah-cpsS d∫v Ah-cn¬
t\¿hgn (A-Yhm \∑) Dt±-in-®n-
cn-°p-∂pthm F∂v \ap-°-dn-™p-
IqSm F∂pw;
5147
! 11! \mam- I - s ´, \Ω- f n¬
kZvhrØ≥am-cp-≠v, AX-√m-Ø-
hcpw \Ωn- e p≠v ; (A- s X) \mw
hn`n-∂a
- m¿K-ßf
- mbnØo¿∂n-cn-°-
bmWv F∂pw (A-h¿ {]kvXm-hn-
®p).
10! \mw Adn-bp-I-bn√ (\-ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm) F∂pw Xn∑-
tbm, tZmj-amtWm Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p `qan-bn-ep-≈-h-
cn¬ (D-≈-h-sc-s°m-≠v) AX√ (A-Yhm ˛A-s√-¶n¬) Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-
∂pthm Ah-sc-s°m-≠v, Ah-cn¬ Ah-cpsS d∫v t\¿hgn (\≥a)
!11! \mam-Is´ F∂pw \Ωn-ep≠v kZvhrØ¿, \√-h¿
\Ωn-ep-≠v-Xm\pw AXv-Iq-Sm-sX-bpw, AX-√m-Ø-h-cpw, AXn-\p-Xm-
sgbpw \mw Bbn-cn-°p∂p ]e am¿K-ßƒ hn`n∂(On-∂`n-∂)-
amb
BIm-iØv Imh¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Xß-fpsS {]th-i\w XS-
b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-aqew h√ A\njvS kw`h-ßfpw `qan-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥
t]mIp-∂pt≠m AX-√, h√ \∑bpw `qan-bn-ep-≈-h¿°v AXvaqew hcp-hm-\n-cn-
°p-∂pthm F∂v Xßƒ°v Adn-™p-IqSm F∂s{X 10 ˛mw hN-\Ø - ns‚ kmcw.
an° hymJym-Xm-°fpw ]d-bp-∂Xpw Aß-s\-bm-Wv. Hcp-]-t£, 11 ˛mw hN-\-
Øn¬ Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xv-t]m-se, `qhm-kn-I-fn¬ Iptd \√-h-cp-s≠-¶nepw
Ah-cn¬ \∂-√m-Ø-h-cpw, hn`n∂ am¿K-ßƒ kzoI-cn-®-hcpw D≈ ÿnXn°v
Ah¿°v h√ B]Øpw t\cn-Sptam Ct√ F∂-dn-™p-IqSm F∂pw Dt±-i-am-
Imw. AXp-a-s√-¶n¬, {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS \ntbm-K-Øn-\p-tijw kap-Zmbw
Zp¿am¿Kw ssIhn-SmsX iTn®p \n¬°p-tºmƒ Ah-cn¬ s]mXp-in£ A\p`-
˜
h- s ∏- S m- d p- ≈ - X v t ]m- s e, \_n Xncp- t a\n - b psS kap- Z m- b - Ø nepw h√
in£bpw kw`-hn-°ptam F∂v Pn∂p-Iƒ kwi-bn-®-Xm-sW∂pw hcmw.
º∏YG ¬q∏dG
GXm-bm-epw, hfsc Icp-X-temSpw acym-Z-tbmSpw IqSn-bmWv Pn∂p-

Iƒ Cu hmNIw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v ImWmw. \ap°pw AXn¬ \√
amXr-I-bmWv: t\m°pI: Xn∑-sb-∏‰n ]d-™-t∏mƒ "Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-
∂pthm (~jQG)'F∂v I¿Øm-hns\ hy‡am-°msX (A-h-cpsS d∫v Dt±-in®p
F∂v ]d-bm-sX)-bpw, \∑-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-™-t∏mƒ "Ah-cpsS d∫v Dt±-in®p
(º¡H OGQG)' F∂v I¿Øm-hns\ hy‡-a-°n-s°m-≠p-am-Wt√m Ah¿ ]d-™-Xv.
F√m KpWhpw tZmjhpw `qan-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂m-
sW-¶nepw tZmj-ßf - psS ImcWw krjvSn-If- n¬\n∂v D¬`-hn-°p-∂X - m-sW∂
5148
XXz-amWv CXn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Xn∑sb A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSv tN¿Øp ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
.!12! `qan-bn¬ \mw A√m-lp-
hns\ (A-km-[y-\m-°n) ]cm-P-b-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂t- X-bs- √-∂pw, HmSn-t∏m-
bn-s°m≠pw Ahs\ \mw ]cm-P-
b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-X-s√∂pw \mw (D-d-
∏m-bn) [cn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂pw;
13! Rßƒ k≥am¿Kw tI´
Ah-k-c-Øn¬ (X-s∂) Rßƒ
AXn¬ hniz- k n- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p-
sh∂pw; F∂m¬ bmsXm-cp-h≥
Xs‚ d∫n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm
Ah≥ \jvS-sØ-bm-I-s´, A{I-a-
sØ-bm-Is´ `b-s∏-tS≠n hcn-I-
bn√; F∂pw
14! \mam-I-s´, (A-\p-k-cn-®v)
Iosgm-Xp-ßp-∂-hcpw \Ωn-ep≠v,
A\oXn sNøp-∂-hcpw \Ωn-ep≠v
F∂pw; F∂m¬, B¿ (A-\p-k-cn-
®p) Iosgm-Xp-ßn-tbm, A°q-´¿
t\¿am¿Kw Ku\n®p; F∂pw
15! A\oXn sNøp-∂-h-cm-I-

s´, Ah¿ \c-I-Øn\v hnd-Im-bn-
Øo-cp-∂-Xp-amWv (F∂pw {]kvXm-
hn-®p).
12! \mw [cn-®n-cn-°p∂p (D-d-∏n-®p˛ hniz-kn-®p) F∂pw

\mw Akm-[y-s∏-SpØp (]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp˛ tXm¬]n-°p)-∂-tX-b-s√∂v
A√m-lp-hns\ `qan-bn¬ \mw Ahs\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-
tX-bs
- √∂pw HmSn-t∏m-bn-s°m≠v !13! \mw (R-ßƒ) F∂pw
Rßƒ (\mw) tI´ Ah-k-cw, tI´msd k≥am¿Kw, am¿K-Z¿i\w
\ma-Xn¬ hniz-kn®p (F-∂pw) F∂m¬ B¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm
Xs‚ d∫n¬ F∂m-e-h≥ `b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√, t]Sn-t°-≠-Xn√
5149
tNX-sØ, \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ø-ens\ A{I-a-sØbpw ([n-°m-c-hpw, _m[-
bpw) th≠-Xn√ !14! \mw (\m-am-I-s´) F∂pw \Ωn-ep≠v, \ΩpsS
Iq´-Øn-ep≠v Iosgm-Xp-ßn-bh
- ¿, apkvenwIƒ \Ωn-ep≠v
A\o-Xn-sN-øp-∂-h-cpw, sX‰n-b-hcpw F∂m¬, B¿ Iosgm-Xp-ßn-tbm,
apkvenamtbm F∂m¬ A°q-´¿ Ah¿ Ku\n-®p, ]cn-K-Wn®p
t\¿h-gn, Xt‚Sw !15! F∂m¬ A\oXn sNøp-∂-h-cm-
Is´ Ah-cm-Ip-∂p, Bbn-Øo¿∂p "Pl-∂an'\p (\-c-I-Øn-\v)
hndIv
\mw ]ng-®-am¿Kw XpS-cp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ap°v c£-bn-√. A√mlp
\sΩ in£n-°pw. `qan-bn¬ Fhn-sS-sh®pw Ah\v \sΩ ]nSn-In-´pw. \ap°v
HmSn-c-£-s∏-Sm\pw km[y-a-√. \Ωn-em-I-s´, A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn®p Pohn-
°p-∂-hcpw A√m-Ø-hcpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw
Ah\v Iogvs∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v c£-bp-≠v. Ah¿°v H∂pw `b-s∏-Sm-
\n-√. A√m-Øh - ¿°v \cIw Xs∂-bm-Wm-[m-cw. F∂n-ßs - \-bp≈ ]e XtXzm-
]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv Ah¿ ˛Izp¿-B-≥tI´ Pn∂p-Iƒ˛ Xß-fpsS P\-X°v \¬Ip-
∂-Xv. a\p-jy-cn-se-∂-t]m-se-Øs∂ Pn∂p-I-fnepw kZvhrØcpw, Zp¿hr-Ø-
cpw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpw, Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ds≠-∂pw, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-
hn-e-°p-Iƒ°v Pn∂p-Ifpw _m[y-ÿ-cm-sW∂pw a‰pw Cu {]kvXm-h-\-I-
fn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.
kqd-Øns‚ BZysØ hN-\Ø - n¬ Pn∂p-Is - f-°p-dn®v "F∂n´v Ah¿

]d™p' (GƒdÉ≤a) F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v CXp-h-sc-bp≈ hN-
\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-sX√mw Ah-cpsS {]kvXm-h-\sb A√mlp D≤-cn-®-Xm-
Ip-∂p. Ah-bpsS Df-f-S°w ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ CXv hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
B {]kvXm-h\ CtXmsS Ah-km-\n-®p. ASpØ hN-\-ßƒ A√mlp \_n
˜ °v \¬Inb hlvbn¬ Dƒs∏-´-Xm-Ip-∂p. F∂p-sh-®m¬, Pn∂p-Iƒ Izp¿-
B≥ tIƒ°p-Ibpw AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v ta¬I≠ {]kvXm-h\ - I
- ƒ sNøp-Ibpw
sNbvX hnh-c-hpw, ASpØ (16 ˛19) hN-\-ß-fn-e-S-ßnb Imcy-ßfpw hlvbv
aqew Adn-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xmbn P\-ßƒ°v ]d-™p-sImSp°p-hm≥ A√mlp
˜
\_n tbmSv I¬]n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-sX∂v Xm¬]-cyw. Hcp Imcyw Hm¿a-
bn-en-cn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. Ad_n `mj-bn¬ "\mw, \Ωƒ, Rßƒ' F∂o
A¿∞-ßƒs°√mw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ k¿∆-\m-a-ß-fmWv Éf ,øëf (\m, \lv\p)
F∂o c≠v k¿∆-\m-a-ßfpw, hyXymkw kµ¿`w sIm≠v a\- n-em-t°-≠-
Xm-Wv.
5150
!16! (B) am¿K-Øn¬ Ah¿ Dd-
®p-\n-e-sIm-≈p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \mw
Ah¿°v [mcm-f-ambn sh≈w IpSn-
∏m≥ sImSp-°p-∂X - mWv F∂pw, (F-
\n°v hlvbp \¬Is∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-
sh∂v ]d-bp-I);-˛
17! AXn¬ Ahsc \mw ]co-

£n-°p-hm≥th≠n(b-s{X, AXv),
Xs‚ d∫ns‚ D¬t_m-[\ - sØ (A-
Yhm kvac-W-sb)-hn´p B¿ Xncn-
™p-I-f-bp-∂pthm Ahs\ Ah≥
{]bm-k-I-c-amb in£-bn¬ {]th-
in-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
16! Ah¿ Dd®p \n∂m¬, icn-bmbn \ne-sIm-≠m¬, sNm∆m-

bm¬ F∂pw (B) am¿K-Øn¬, hgn-bn-embn \mw Ah¿°p-
Ip-Sn-∏m≥ sImSp°pw sh≈w [mcmfw!17! \mw Ahsc
]co-£n-°p-hm≥th≠n B¿ Xncn-™p-If
- b
- p-∂pthm D¬t_m-
[\w (kva-c-W, D]-tZ-iw, {]kvXm-h-\)-hn´v Xs‚ d∫ns‚ Ah≥
Ahs\ {]th-in-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv in£-bn¬ {]bm-k-I-c-am-b, sRcp-
ßnb (I-Tn-\-am-b)
GƒeÉ≤à°SG ƒd (A-h¿ Dd-®p-\n¬°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬) F∂ hm°nse "Ah¿'
F∂ k¿h-\maw Pn∂p-Isf Dt±-in-t®m, a\p-jysc Dt±-in-t®m, c≠p-Iq-´scbpw
IqSn Dt±-int®m BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. 15 ˛mw hN-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Pn∂p-I-fpsS
{]kvXm-h\ Ah-km-\n-®p-sh∂pw 16 ˛mw hN\w apX¬°p≈Xv Pn∂p-I-fpsS
{]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ s]´-X-s√∂pw ]d-™p-h-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, "B
am¿Kw (á≤jô£dG)' sIm≠p≈ hnh£ ap≥h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Adn-b-s∏´ \√
am¿K-tam, As√-¶n¬ NoØ-am¿Ktam Bbn-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. "[mcmfw
sh≈w IpSn-∏m≥ \¬Ipw (Éb~Z AÉe ºgÉæ«≤°SG)' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw
Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-am¿Kw kpJ-I-c-am°ns°mSp-°p-sa-∂-s{X. sh≈-am-Wt√m
Pohn-X-am¿K-ß-fpsS {][m\ D]m-[n. At∏mƒ, 16 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ kmcw
c≠n-semcp {]Im-c-Øn-em-bn-cn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv:
(1) ta¬ kqNn-∏n® B t\cmb am¿K-Øn¬ Ah¿ sNm∆n\v Dd-®p-

\n¬°p-∂-]-£w, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ {]Xn-^-e-ßƒ°v
5151
]pdsa `qan-bn¬ sh®v kpJ-I-c-amb Pohn-Xhpw Ah≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
(2) Ah¿ CXp-hsc kzoI-cn-®p-h∂ B Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬Øs∂ Ah¿

Dd®p \n¬°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw Ah¿°v A√mlp Pohn-X-am¿K-ßƒ \¬Ip-
I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Ah-cpsS in£ ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v Ah¿ A\p-`hn-°p-
Ibpw sNøpw. BZyw ]d-™-XmWv IqSp-X¬ hy‡hpw kzoIm-cy-hp-am-b-Xv.
Cu c≠v hymJym-\-Øn¬ GXv kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´mepw icn, sh≈w apX-emb
Pohn-tXm-]m-[n-Iƒ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ Ahsc ]co-£n-°p-I-sb∂ e£yw
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p. Ah¿ \µn-Im-Wn-°p-tam, \µn-tI-SvIm-Wn-°ptam? CXmWv
]co-£-Ww. ]co-£-W-am-I-s´, \∑-ap-tJ-\bpw Xn∑ aptJ-\bpw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-am-Wv. ( áæàa ÒÿGh ô°ûdÉH ºµdƒÑfh)
ÿm]n-X-Xm¬]-cy-°m-cmb Bfp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS Bi-b-ßƒ°-\p-

Iq-e-ambn ka¿∞n-°m-hp∂ GXh-k-chpw AXn\v D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
kzm`m-hn-I-am-W-t√m. Pn∂p-Iƒ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv A]-cn-jvIr-X-cmb a\p-jy-
hn-`m-K-sØ-°p-dn-®m-sW∂ hmZ-°m¿ NqjWw sNøp∂ Hcp ÿe-amWv 16
˛mw hN-\w. Pn∂p-Ifpw, "C≥kp'Ifpw (a-\p-jy-cpw) am¿K-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n¬°p-
∂-]£w Ah¿°v A√mlp sh≈w IpSn-∏m≥ sImSp-°pw˛ AYhm Irjn
apX-em-b-h-°p≈ kuI-cy-ßƒ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pw˛ F∂mWv Cu hN-
\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-cn¬\n∂pw `n∂-amb Hcp {]tXyI h¿K-sa∂v
Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ Pn∂p-Iƒ sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn®v Irjnbpw a‰pw \S-Øp-∂-Xmbn
ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√. At∏mƒ, CsX√mw a\p-jy-h¿K-sØ-am{Xw Dt±-in®p ]d-
™-Xm-hmt\ Xc-ap-≈q. F∂n-cn-s°, Pn∂pw C≥kpw Htc h¿K-Øn¬s∏´
c≠v hn`m-K°- m¿ am{X-am-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv
ChnsS Ah-cpsS ka¿∞-\w.
kz¥w bp‡n-hm-Z-ßƒ°v tbmPn-°p-∂n-s√∂ GI Imc-W-Øm¬,

bmsXmcp kwi-b-Øn\pw ]gp-Xn-√mØ kpkv]-jvS-amb F{Xtbm Bb-Øp-
I-sfbpw lZo-Yp-I-sfbpw Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXpw Ah-K-Wn-®pw-sIm≠v
BZyta Pn∂v-h¿KsØ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ ss[cy-s∏´ Ch-cpsS CØcw
ka¿∞-\-ßƒ°v \mw H´pw hne I¬]n-t°-≠-Xm-bn-ń-√. Pn∂p-h¿KsØ
ÿm]n-°p∂ apkvenwIƒ°v AXn-\p≈ sXfnhv Ah-cpsS bp‡ntbm
imkv{Xtam H∂p-a-√. Izp¿-B\pw lZoYpw am{X-am-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy-_p-≤n°v
FØn-t®-cp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ IW-°‰ bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ B c≠ns\bpw
am{Xw B[m-c-am-°n-bmWv apkvenwIƒ ]eXpw hniz-kn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ,
"Ah¿°v \mw sh≈w IpSn-∏m≥ sImSp°pw ( AÉe ºgÉæ«≤°SG)' F∂v A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-®Xv Pn∂p-I-sfbpw IqSn Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v h∂mepw
apkvenwIƒ°v AXn¬ B›-cy-s∏-Sm-\n-√. Imc-Ww, Pn∂p-h¿K-Øn\pw
5152
sh≈w Bh-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v bmsXmcp
hntcm-[h - p-an-√. ]t£, sh≈-Øns‚ Bhiyw Pn∂p-Iƒ°v Fs¥m-s°-bmWv,
Fß-s\-sb-√m-amWv Fs∂m∂pw \ap-°-dn-™p-IqSm. Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-
Øn-em-I-s´, "IpSn-∏m≥ sImSp°pw' F∂-√m-sX, "Irjnt°m at‰m kuIcyw
\¬Ipw'F∂v A√mlp ]d- ™ n- ´ p- a n- √ . AsX√mw tIhew Ah- c psS
hymJym\w am{X-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, Npcp-ßn-b-]£w IpSn-∏m-s\-¶nepw Pn∂p-
Iƒ°v sh≈w Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv CXn¬\n∂v \mw a\- n-em-t°-
≠-Xv. lZo-Yn¬ \n∂m-I-s´, CXv IqSp-X¬ hy‡-hp-am-Wv. \_n ˜ Acp-fn-
s®-bvX-Xmbn C_v\p Da¿ (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:øH ô°ûj ’h ¬dÉª°ûHºc~MG πcCÉj ’
º∏°ùe-É¡H Üô°ûjh ¬dÉª°ûH πcCÉJ ¿É£«°ûdG ¿Éa É¡H (\n-ß-fn¬ Hcmfpw Xs‚ CS-Xp-ssI-sIm≠v
Xn∂p-I-bpw, IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-t]m-I-cp-Xv. Imc-Ww, ]nimNv Ahs‚ CS-
Xp-ssI-sIm≠v IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (apkvenw.) Pn∂p-I-fnse Zpjn-®-hn-
`m-K-amWv ]nim-Np-°ƒ F∂pw Pn∂p-Iƒ°v `£-W-]m-\o-b-ßƒ Bh-iy-ap-
s≠∂pw a‰pw kq: lnPvdn-\p-ti-jap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ \mw ÿm]n-®p-
I-gn-™-Xm-Wv.
!18! ]f-fn-Iƒ A√m-lp-hn-\p-
≈-XmWv; BI-bm¬ A√m-lp-hn-
t\m- S p- I qSn \nßƒ Hcm- s fbpw
hnfn(®p {]m¿∞n)-°-cpXv F∂pw;
19! A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-bm≥

[\_n] Ahs\ hnfn®p({]m¿∞n-
®p)-sIm≠p \n∂-t∏mƒ, Ah¿
At±-l-Øn-s‚-ta¬ (Iq´w IqSn)
Xnßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-dmbn
F∂pw (hlvbv \¬I-s∏-´-Xmbn
]d-bp-I.)
18! ]≈n-Iƒ F∂pw A√m-lp-hn-\v, A√m-lp-hn-t‚Xv
BIp∂p (F-∂pw) BI-bm¬ \nßƒ hnfn-°-cpXv, {]m¿∞n-°-cpXv
A√m-lp-hns‚ IqsS Hcm-sfbpw !19! AXv (Im-cyw) F∂pw
\n∂ (F-gp-t∂-‰)-t∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-bm≥, ASna
Ahs\ hnfn®p ({]m¿∞n-®p)-sIm≠v Ah¿ BIm-dmbn BIp-
hm≥ At±-l-Øn-s‚-ta¬ Xnßn-s°m-≠v, Iq´w-Iq-Sn-s°m≠v
A√m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-hm\pw Ah-t\mSv {]m¿∞\ \SØp-hm-\pw-

th≠n Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-bmWv ]f-fn-I-fm-Ip∂ Bcm-
[-\m-ÿe
- ß
- ƒ. Bcm-[\
- b
- pw, {]m¿∞-\b
- p-am-Is
- ´, A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Ah-
5153
Im-i-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, Ahn-sS-sh®v A√m-lp-hn-s\-b-√msX a‰m-
scbpw Bcm-[n-°p-hm-t\m, hnfn®p {]m¿∞n-°p-hmt\m apXn-cp-∂Xv hºn®
A{I-ahpw A\o-Xnbpw ]m]-hp-am-Ip-∂p. _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I≥am¿ Ah-cpsS
Bcm-[\ - m-ÿe - ß
- f- n¬ ]e ssZh-ßs- fbpw hnfn-®m-cm-[n-°p-∂X- p-t]m-se-bpw,
thZ-°m¿ Ah-cpsS ]≈n-I-fn¬ Cukm \_n (A) apX-em-b-hsc hnfn-®m-cm-
[n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-sebpw ]f-fn-I-fn¬sh®v sNbvXp-IqSm F∂s{X 18 ˛mw hN-
\-Øns‚ kmcw. ]f-fn-I-fn¬ B¿°p-am¿°pw {]tXyI Ah-Imiw hmZn-°m-
h-X-s√-∂pw, A√m-lp-hn\v am{X-amWv Ah-bpsS DS-am-h-Im-i-sa-∂pw, Ah
apkvenwI-ƒ Ah-cpsS s]mXp-ÿm-]\ - a- mbn D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠X - m-sW∂pw Cu
hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-bm≥ ( ¬∏dG ~ÑY) F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n ˜ sb Dt±-
in-®m-Ip-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-°¬ Pn∂p-Iƒ sN√p-tºmƒ Ahn-Sp∂v
kzlm-_n-Is - fm-∂n®p \a-kvIc - n-°p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-∂p. \a-kvIm-cI
- ¿ahpw Izp¿-B≥
]mcm-b-Whpw I≠-t∏mƒ Ah¿ B›-cy-tØmSpw Bth-i-tØmSpw IqSn
Xnc-°n´v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Np‰pw sN∂v IqSp-I-bm-bn. Cu hnh-chpw \_n °v ˜
hlvbv aqew A√mlp Adn-bn-®p-sIm-SpØp F∂mWv 19 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬
{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu hN\w Pn∂p-Iƒ Xß-fpsS P\-X-tbmSv sNbvX
{]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-´-XmWv F∂s{X hymJym-Xm-°-fn¬ Hcp ]£-
Øns‚ A`n-{]m-bw. Aß-s\-bm-sW-∂p-sh-°p-tºmƒ, AXns‚ Xm¬]cyw
c≠v {]Im-c-Øn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v.
˜
(1) \_n \a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ahn-S-ptØm-sSm∏w kzlm-_n-Iƒ
kwLw tN¿∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xpw, dpIq-Av kpPqZv apX-em-b-h-bn¬ A\p-
I-cn-°p-∂Xpw I≠-t∏mƒ Ah¿°v B›cyw tXm∂n. AXv Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS P\-X°v hnh-cn®p sImSp°p-I-bm-Wv.
(2) \_n ˜ Xulo-Zn-te°v £Wn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ Pn∂p-

Ifpw a\p-jy-cp-am-Ip∂ i{Xp-°ƒ Xncp-ta-\n-s°-Xn-sc Iq´w-IqSn XS- -ßƒ
D≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw A√mlp Xncp-ta-\nsb klm-bn-°p-I-
Xs∂ sNbvXp-sh∂v Ah¿ B P\-X°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!20!(\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: "\n›-
b- a mbpw Rm≥ Fs‚ d∫ns\
am{Xta hnfn(®p {]m¿∞n)-°p-∂p-
ffq; Ah-t\mSv Rm≥ Hcm-sfbpw
]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xp-a-√.'
5154
!21! ]d-bpI: "\n›-b-ambpw
Rm≥, \nßƒ°v Hcp D]-{Z-h-am-
I-s´, Hcp t\¿am¿K-am-Is´ A[o-
\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n√'[c≠n\pw Ign-
hn√]
22! ]d-bpI: "\n›-b-am-bpw,

A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v F\n°v Hcm
fpw c£ \¬Ip-∂-X-√, Ah∂v
]pd- s a bmsXm- c - ` - b - ÿ m- \ hpw
Rm≥ Is≠-Øp-∂-Xp-a-√-Xs∂;˛'
23! A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈
({]-t_m-[-\w) FØn-°epw Ah
s‚ ZuXy-ß-fp-a-√msX (a-s‰m∂pw
Fs‚ A[o-\-Øn-en-√). A√m-lp-
hn-t\m-Spw, Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw
B¿ A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-
∂pthm Ah∂v \n›- b - a mbpw
"Pl-∂an's‚ [\c-IØ - ns‚] A·n-
bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw;˛ AXn¬ Fs∂
∂pw \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v!
24! Aß- s \, Ah- t cmSv

hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw
Ah¿ I≠m¬, At∏mƒ Ah¿
Adn- ™ p- s Im- ≈ pw, BcmWv
klm- b n- I - f n¬ G‰hpw Zp¿_-
ecpw; FÆ-Øn¬ G‰hpw Ipd-™-
hcpw F∂v!
20! \o ]d-bpI \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ hnfn°p({]m¿∞n-

°p)-∂p≈q Fs‚ d∫ns\ (am-{Xw) Rm≥ ]¶p-tN¿°p-I-bp-
an√ Ah-t\mSv Hcm-sfbpw !21! \o ]d-bpI \n›-b-am-bpw
Rm≥ Rm≥ A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n√ (F-\n°v kzm[o-\-an-√, Ign-hn-
5155
√) \nßƒ°v D]-{Z-h-Øn-\v, tZmjw sNøm≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-
\pw, KpW-Øn\pw (C-√) !22! \o ]d-bpI \n›bambpw Rm≥
F\n°v c£ \¬IpIbn-√-X-s∂, Fs∂ Im°p-Itb C√ A√m-lp-
hn¬ \n∂v Hcmfpw Rm≥ Is≠-ØpI (F\n°v In´p-I)-bp-an-√-
Xs∂ Ah-s\-Iq-Sm-sX, Ah-\v-]p-dsa Hc`-b-ÿm-\-hpw,
c£bpw !23! FØn-®psImSp°-e-√m-sX, {]t_m-[\w HgnsI
A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Ahs‚ ZuXy-ßfpw B¿ A\p-k-c-
W-t°Sv Im´p-∂pthm A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw
-F-∂m¬ \n›bw Ah-\p≠v Pl-∂-ans‚ A·n
AXn¬ \nXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v F-s∂-∂pw, F°m-ehpw !24!
Aßs\ Ah¿ I≠m¬, ImWp-∂-h-tc°pw Ah-tcmSv
hmKvZØw (Xm-°o-Xv) sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv At∏mƒ Ah¿ Adn-™p-
sIm≈pw G‰hpw Zp¿_-e≥ Bcm-sW∂v klm-bn-I-fn¬,
klm-b-I-\m¬ G‰hpw Ipd-hp-f-f-hcpw FÆ-Øn¬, FÆ-Øm¬
\nßƒ kzoI-cn-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw icn, Rms\m-cn-°epw Xulo-Zn-s\-

Xn-cmbn H∂pw {]h¿Øn-°p-I-bn-√. \nßƒ°v h√ KpWtam tZmjtam
hcp-Øp-hm≥ F\n°v km≤y-a-√, F\n-°p-X-s∂bpw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v
h√ B]Øpw hcp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv XSp-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√, Ah-\-
√msX F\n°v c£-bp-an-√. ]t£, A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈ ZuXy-
ßƒ \nd-th-‰p-hm\pw Ahs‚ ktµ-i-ßƒ {]t_m-[\w sNøm\pw Rm≥
\nbp-‡-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. B \ne-°mWv Rm≥ \nßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-
cn-°p-∂X- v. Hcp Imcyw \nßƒ Hm¿Øn-cn-°W- w. A√m-lp-hns\bpw Ahs‚
dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dn-s√-¶n¬ \nßƒ imiz-X-amb \c-
I-in-£°v A¿l-cm-bn-cn-°pw. X¬°mew Iptd-sbms° Ignhpw kzm[o-
\hpw \nßƒ°p-s≠∂v IcpXn \nßƒ h©n-X-cm-tI-≠. AsXm∂pw
A√m-lp-hns‚ in£-s°-Xn-cn¬ \nßƒ°v D]-Ic - n-°b
- n-√. \nßƒ XnI®pw
\n l - m-bc - m-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂v \nßƒ Hm¿Øn-cn-°W
- w. Fs∂ms° P\-ßsf
D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p-hm≥ \_n˜-tbmSv A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂p. ¿h~Yƒj Ée (A-
h-tcmSv hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw)-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw, ASp-Ø-`m-hn-bn¬
kw`-hn-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ Xulo-Zns‚ hnPbhpw in¿°ns‚ ]cm-P-b-hpam-bn-
cn-°mw. As√-¶n¬ ]c-tem-Iin-£-bp-am-bn-cn-°mw. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
5156
!25! ]d-bpI: ˛"F-\n°v Adn-
™p-Iq-Sm, \nß-tfmSv hmKvZØw
sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw kao-]-Øp-
≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-tWm, AX-√, Fs‚
d∫v AXn\v h√ (Zo¿L- a m- b )
Imem- h - [ nbpw G¿s∏- S p- Ø p- ∂ -
XmtWm'F∂v.
26! AZr-iysØ Adn-bp-∂-
h-\s{X (A-h≥). F∂m¬, Xs‚
AZr- i y- I m- c y- ß - s f- ∏ ‰n Ah≥
Hcmƒ°pw shfn-hm-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-
∂-X√;
27! ˛ Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-ń-
´p≈ h√ dkq- e n- \ p- a - √ m- s X.
F∂m¬ At±-l-am-I-s´, At±-l-
Øns‚ apºn-eq-sS-bpw, ]nºn-eq-
sSbpw Ah≥ ]mdm-hp-Imsc {]th-
in-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
!28! Ah¿ Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚

ZuXy-ßsf FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-
´p≠v F∂v Adn-bp-hm≥th≠n(bm-
W- X v ) . Ah- c psS ASp- ° - e p- ≈ -
Xns\ Ah≥ [A√mlp] he-bw-
sN- ø p- I bpw sNbv X n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
[]q¿W-ambn Adn-bp∂p] Ah≥,
k¿h-h-kvXphpw FÆw IW-°m-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
25! \o ]d-bpI F\n-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm, Rm≥ Adn-bp-I-bn√

kao-]-am-b-Xm-tWm, ASp-ØtXm \nß-tfmSv hmKvZØw (Xm-
°o-Xv) sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv AtXm B°ptam (A-X√ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tam)
AXn\v Fs‚ d∫v Hcp (Zo¿L-am-b) Imem-h[n !26!
AZr-iysØ Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv F∂m-e-h≥ shfn-hm-°pI (sh-fn-s∏-
Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-I)-bn√ Ahs‚ AZr-iy-sØ-∏‰n Hcmƒ°pw
5157
!27! Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏´p sImSp-Ø-h¿°-√m-sX, (Xn-c-s™-Sp-
Ø-h-sc-b-√m-sX) h√ dkq-epw, ZqX-cn¬\n∂v F\n (F-∂m¬)
At±-l-tam, At±-l-am-Is´ Ah≥ {]th-in-∏n-°pw, (G¿s∏-Sp-Øpw)
At±-l-Øns‚ apºn-eqsS At±-l-Øns‚ ]n∂n-eq-sSbpw
]mdm-hp-Im-sc, ho£n-°p-∂-hsc !28! Ah≥ Adn-bp-hm≥th≠n
D≠v F∂v Ah¿ FØn®p ZuXy-ßsf Xß-fpsS
d∫ns‚ Ah≥ hebw sNbvI (]q¿W-ambn Adn-bp-I)bpw sNbvXn-cn-
°p∂p Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ (]-°¬) D≈-Xns\ Ah≥ IW-
°m-°pI (Xn-´-s∏-Sp-Øp-I)bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F√m hkvXp-sh-bpw,
FÆw, FÆ-Øm¬
Ign™ hN-\-Øn¬ P\-ßƒ°v ]e Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v D¬t_m-
˜
[\w \¬Ip-hm≥ \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-®p. Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ho≠pw Nne
Imcy-ßƒ D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°p-∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ A\p`-hn-
t°-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v Xm°oXv sNø-s∏-Sp∂ in£ F{X-Im-ew-sIm-≠mWv kw`-
hn-°pI F∂v A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xta Adn-bp-I-bp-≈q. AXn-s\-°p-dn®v am{X-
a-√, AZr-iy-ß-fmb hnh-c-ß-sfm-∂pw-Xs∂ F\nt°m at‰m Adn-bp-I-bn-√.
A√mlp Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp∂ Ahs‚ ZqX≥am¿°v Ah≥ h√Xpw Adn-bn-®p-
sIm-Sp-sØ-∂p-h-cpw. Aßs\ Ah≥ F\n°v Adn-bn-®p-X-t∂-°p∂ Imcy-
ß-f-√msX a‰v AZr-iy-ß-sfm∂pw F\n-°-dn-bp-I-bn-√. dkq-ep-Iƒ°v Ah≥
Adn-bn-°p∂ kwK-Xn-I-fm-I-s´, AXn¬ Hcp {]Imt-c-Wbpw bmsXmcp ssII-
S-Øtem am‰-Øn-cp-Øtem kw`-hn-°p-hm≥ am¿K-hp-an-√. ImcWw Ah hfsc
`{Zhpw kpc-£n-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-cpsS apºnepw ]nºnepw Ah≥ Imh¬
G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°pw. hm¿Ø-bp-ambn hcp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®pw, hm¿Ø FØn-
°p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®pw, F∂v-th≠m kIe Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw A√mlp ]cn-
]q¿W-ambpw kq£va-ambpw Adn-bp-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-
˜
\-ßƒ aptJ\ {]Jym-]\w sNøm≥ \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-°p-∂-Xv.
26 Dw 27 Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v auenI {][m-\-ß-fmb Nne kwK-Xn-

Iƒ a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. kwi-b-Ønt\m A\y-hym-Jym-\-ßƒt°m CS-
bn-√m-Ø-hn[w hy‡-amb `mj-bn-em-WXv A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
(1) AZr-iy-Im-cy-ßƒ Adn-bp-∂-h≥ A√mlp am{X-am-Wv.
(2) Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏´ dkq-ep-Iƒ°v˛ Znhy-Zq-X≥am¿°v˛ A√msX

AZriy Imcy-sØ-∏‰n Ah≥ shfn-hm-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-I-bn-√.
5158
(3) dkq-ep-Iƒ°v Ah FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv hfsc `{Zhpw
kpc-£n-X-hp-amb \ne-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
255: Iô≤ÑdG- AÉ°T ÉÃ ’EG ¬ª∏Y øe A»°ûH ¿ƒ£«ëj ’h (1)
65:πªædG - ¬∏dG ’EG Ö«¨dG ¢VQC’Gh äGhÉª°ùdG ‘ øe º∏©j ’ πb (2)
50:ΩÉ©fC’G - ‹EG »Mƒj Ée ’G ™ÑJG ¿G ∂∏e ÊEG ºµd ∫ƒbCG ’h Ö«¨dG º∏YCG ’h ¬∏dG øFGõN …~æY ºµd ∫ƒbCG ’ πb(3)
(1) Ahs‚ (A-√m-lp-hn-s‚) Adn-hn¬\n∂v bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw Ah¿ (B

Im-i-`q-an-bn-ep-≈-h¿) hebw sNøp-∂n-√. (A¬_-Izdx 255)
(2) ]d-bpI: A√mlp A√m-sX, BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-ep-ap≈-h-cmcpw

AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-∂-X-√. (\wev;65)
(3) ]d-bpI: A√m-lp-hns‚ JP-\m-°ƒ Fs‚ ASp-°-ep-s≠∂v \nß-tfmSv

Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂n-√. Rm≥ AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-∂-Xp-a-√. Rm≥ Hcp ae-°m-
sW∂pw \nß-tfmSv Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂n-√. F\n°v hlvbv \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-
b-√msX Rm≥ ]n≥]-‰p-∂n-√. (A≥Bw: 50).
_p≤n-sIm-t≠m, _mtly-{µn-b-ßƒ hgntbm Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-

Xpw, Imcy-Im-c-W-_-‘-ßƒ°-Xo-X-am-b-Xp-amb Imcy-ßƒ°mWv AZr-iy-
Imcyw (Ö«¨dG) F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Duln-t®m, KWn-t®m, e£Ww aptJ-\tbm
]cn-N-bsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-tbm, b{¥-km-a-{Kn-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-
Øntbm Adn- t ™- ° p∂ Imcy- ß - s fm∂pw AZr- i y- ⁄ m- \ - ß - f - s √∂v
CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. (C-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: epIzvams‚ Ah-km-\-Ønepw a‰pw
hnh-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv Hm¿°p-I.) A√mlp Xr]vXn-s∏´ dkq-ep-Iƒ°v am{Xta AZr-
iy-ß-fn¬s]´ h√ Imcy-ßfpw Ah≥ Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂v
A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. dkq-ep-Iƒ F∂v ]d-™X - n¬ {]hm-NI - ≥am-
cmb ssZh-Zq-X≥am-cpw, Ah¿°v ssZhnI ktµ-i-ßƒ FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°p∂ ae-°p-Ifpw Dƒs∏Sp∂p. At∏mƒ {]iv\° - m¿, tPm’y≥am¿, ]nim-
Np-°ƒ, Ah-cpsS tkh-I≥am¿, a{¥-hm-Zn-Iƒ F∂p-th≠ ]WvUn-
X≥amcpw imkv{X-⁄≥amcpw, alm-flm-°-fp-amb Bfp-I-fp-sa-√mw-Xs∂
AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-cm-sW∂v kv]jvSw. \_n-am¿°v-
t]mepw A√mlp Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-ØXv am{Xta Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-
f-fp-Xm-\pw. AsX, A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈ hlvbv sIm-≠-√msX \_n-
am¿°pw, \_n-am-cn¬\n∂v tI´-dn-™√msX a‰p-≈-h¿°pw AZr-iy-hn-hcw
Adnbphm≥ am¿K-an-√.
5159
A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v \_n-am¿°v ktµiw (h-lvbv) FØn-°p-tºmƒ
apºn-eq-sSbpw ]nºn-eq-sSbpw ]mdm-hp-Im-cp-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. Cu
]mdm-hp-Im¿ ae-°p-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. C_v\p A∫mkv (d) C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-
´p-≈-Xmbn \nth-Z\w h∂n-´p≠v: "GsXmcp Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-hpw-X-s∂, A√m-
lp-hns‚ \_n-bpsS ASp-°¬ FØp-∂X - p-ht- c°pw AXns\ ImØpw-sIm≠v
AXns‚ IqsS \mev-a-e-°p-Iƒ C√msX Ah≥ Cd-°n-bn-ń-√.' CXn\v sXfn-
hmbn C_v\p A∫m-kv (d) Cu c≠v hN-\-ßƒ HmXp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(ájhOôe øHG √GhQ) hlvbv sIm≠p-h-cp∂ alm-Zq-X≥ Pn_vco¬ (A) BW-t√m.
At±-l-Øns‚ H∂n®v thsd \mev ae-°p-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂mWv "]mdm-hp-
Im¿'(G~°UQ) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ hnh£ F∂v kCu-Zp-_v\p-Pp-ss_¿ (d)
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbpw \nth-Z\w h∂n-´p-≠v. (ôjôL øHG √GhQ)
ïdG Gƒ¨∏HCG ~b ¿CG º∏©«d (X-ß-fpsS d∫ns‚ ZuXy-ßƒ Ah¿ FØn-®p-

sImSpØn-´p-s≠∂v Adn-bp-hm≥ th≠n) F∂ hmIy-Øns‚ Dt±iyw H∂n-
e-[nIw {]Im-cØ - n¬ hymJym-\n-°s - ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. {]hm-NI
- \v FØn®p sImSp-
°p-hm≥ th≠n A√mlp G¬∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ ZuXy-ßsf icn°pw FØn-
®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-s≠∂v dkq-en\v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-hm≥th≠n F∂p-≈X - mWv Ah-
bn¬ IqSp-X¬ _e-s∏´ A`n-{]m-bw. A√mlp k¿h-⁄\pw k¿h-i-‡-\p-
am-Wv. hlvbns‚ hml-I-\mb Pn_vco¬ BI-s´, hniz-kvX-\pw, i‡\pw
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ {]tXy-I-ÿm-\-am-\-ap≈ Bfpw. (Úµe ¢Tô©dG …P ~æY Iƒb …P ÚeCG)
F∂n-cn-s°, ]ns∂ F¥n-\mWv hlvbns‚ IqsS ImØp-c-£n-°p-hm≥ Hcp
]mdm-hp-kwLw? Znhy-tem-IØ - p-\n∂v ùXn-It- em-It- Ø-°p≈ ˛A-Yhm temI-
{k-jvSm-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬\n∂v krjvSn-I-fn¬ sh®v G‰hpw D∂-X≥am-
cmb {]hm-N-I≥am-cn-te-°p-≈˛ hm¿Øm-am¿K-am-Wt√m hlvbv. AXns‚
hml-I≥am-cmWv Bflo-b-Po-hn-Ifpw ]cn-ip-≤-cp-amb ae-°p-Iƒ. At∏mƒ,
Bflob-kr-jvSn-I-fn¬\n-t∂m, ùXnI krjvSn-I-fn¬ \nt∂m am¿K-as≤y
bmsXmcp CS-s]-Sepw IqSm-sX, kpc-£n-X-hpw, kp`{Z-hp-amb \ne-bn¬ AXv
bYm-ÿm-\Øv FØn-t®¿∂n-´p-s≠∂v AtßA‰w Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-emWv
AXns‚ Dt±-iyw. AXmWv Cu hmIy-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
IqSm-sX, ]nim-Np-°ƒ BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Nne hm¿Ø-Iƒ I´p-tIƒ°p-hm≥
{ian-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw i‡-amb ]mdmhpw A·n-Pzm-ebpw aptJ\ B G¿∏mSv
\nt»jw XS-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Cu kqd-Ønepw a‰pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-
≠-t√m. F∂m¬, A√mlp \_n-am¿°v \¬Ip∂ hlvbn¬\n∂v h√Xpw
a\- n-em-°p-hm-t\m, AXns\ kao-]n-°p-hmt\m ]nim-Np-°ƒ°v Hcn-°-epw˛
apºpw ]n∂o-Spw˛ km[y-a-s√-∂pw, ]nim-Np-°ƒ I´p-tI-ń-cp-∂Xv hlvbns‚
C\-Øn-tem, ssZhnI cl-ky-ß-fntem Dƒs∏´ Imcy-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂pw˛
\_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se˛ `qan-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥
t]mIp∂ Nne Imcy-ßƒ ae-°p-Iƒ XΩn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv am{X-am-bn-
5160
cp∂p Ah¿°v I´p-tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂s
- X∂pw Cu hN-\ß
- f
- n¬\n∂v
a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
Pn∂p-h¿K-sØ-bpw, BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v ]nim-Np-°ƒ I´p-tIƒ°m-dp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂-Xn-s\bpw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ 27 ˛mw hN\w Xß-fpsS \ntj-[sØ
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. ]nim-Np-°ƒ°v ssZhnI cl-
ky-ßƒ I´p-tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√-∂-Xn\v hy‡-amb ZrjvSm-¥-amWv
hlvbns‚ apºnepw ]nºnepw Imh¬ G¿s∏Sp-Øp-sa∂v ]d-™Xv F∂v
Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p. "ssZhn-I-c-l-ky-ßƒ ]nim-Np-°ƒ I´p-tIńcp-∂-Xmbn
apkvenwIƒ Bcpw Icp-Xp-∂n-√. _p≤n-bp-≈-h¿ Bcpw Aßs\ Icp-Xp-∂-
Xp-a-√. ae-°p-I-fpsS Nne kwkm-c-ß-fmWv ]nim-Np-°ƒ I´p-tI-ń-cp-∂'sX-
∂s{X Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXv \_n-h-N-\sØ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bm-Wv-Xm-\pw.
(kq: lnPvdn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v t\m°p-I.) ]t£, Xßƒ°v
JWvUn-°p-hm≥ Hsc-fp-∏-am¿K-sa∂ \ne°v "ssZhnI cl-ky-ßƒ I´p-
tIƒ°pI' F∂ {]tbmKw Ch¿ I¬]n-®p-Iqń kzbw krjvSn-®-Xm-Wv. Cu
{]tbmKw kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬X-s∂bpw Cu hN\w bYm¿∞-Øn¬ I´p-
tIƒhn-t]m-se-bp≈ GsX-¶nepw kwK-Xn-Iƒ hgn, hlvbns‚ `{Z-X-bnepw
hnizmkyX-bnepw kwi-bn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ GsX-¶nepw am¿K-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠m-
Wt√m hlvbns\ apºn-eq-sSbpw ]nºn-eq-sSbpw Imh¬ G¿s∏-SpØn `{Z-am-
°p-∂-Xv. AØcw kwK-Xn-I-sfm∂pw kwi-bn-°p-hm-\n-√m-Ø-]-£w, ]ns∂
F¥n-\mWv Cßs\ i‡-amb Imh¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv? F∂v tNmZn-°-
s∏-Sm-a-t√m.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂dh OG~°ù∏d É≤«aƒJh ÜGƒ°ü∏d ájG~g º¡∏dG
5161
`mKw 29 πeõŸGIQƒ°S A≤ymbw 73 ap -Ωn¬
5162
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
πeõŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
73. kqdØp¬ apkvkΩn¬
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! tl, hkv{X-an´p aqSn-b-ht\!
2! cm{Xn A¬]w Hgn®v

(_m°n ka-bw) Fgp-t∂‰v (\-a-
kvI-cn®p) sIm≈pI;˛
3!AXm-bX - v, AXns‚ ]IpXn

(k- a - b w); As√- ¶ n¬, AXn¬
\n∂v A¬]w Npcp- ° n- s °m-
≈pI;˛
4! As√-¶n¬, AXn-s\-°mƒ
(A¬]w) h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm-≈pI;
Hcp kmh-Im-i-{I-a-Øn¬ Izp¿-
B≥ \ndp-Øn-\n-dpØn HmXp-Ibpw
sNøp-I.
1! tl, Hm hkv{X-an´p aqSn-b-h-t\, ]pX®p InS-°p-∂-ht\

!2! Fgp-t∂¬°pI (\-a-kvI-cn-°p-I) cm{Xn A¬]w (Ip-d-®v)
HgnsI !3! AXm-bXv AXns‚ ]IpXn As√-¶n¬ Np-cp-°n-
s°m-≈pI AXn¬\n∂v A¬]w !4! As√-¶n¬ h¿≤n-∏n®v
5163
sIm≈pI AXn-s\-°mƒ kmh-Im-i-Øn-tem-XpI (km-h-[m-\-{I-a-
Øn-em-°p-I˛ \ndp-Øn-\n-dpØn hmbn-°p-I)-bpw sNøpI Izp¿-Bs\
Hcp kmh-Im-i-{Iaw
˜
πeõŸG (h-kv{X-an´p aqSn-b-h≥) F∂v \_n Xncp-ta\n sb kwt_m-
[\ sNbvX-Xn\v H∂n-e-[nIw {]Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym\w \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
(1) hlvbns‚ Bcw-Ìm-eØv Pn_vco¬ (A) hlvbpw sIm≠p-h-∂-

˜
t∏mƒ \_n °v `bw tXm∂p-I-bpw, hoń¬h∂p "hkv{X-an´v aqSn-Ø-cp-hn≥,
]pX-∏n-´p-X-cp-hn≥ (ÊhôKO ,Êƒ∏eR)' F∂v Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw D≠m-bn. Aß-
s\-bp≈ Ah-k-c-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®-Xv.
(2) {]hm-N-IXzw (\p-_p-∆-Øv) BIp∂ hkv{X-Øm¬ Bh-cWw

sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, Znhy-ZuXyw (cn-km-e-Øv) BIp∂ `mcw G¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-
bpw sNbvX Bƒ F∂mWv hnh£.
(3) cm{Xn hkv{X-an´p ]pX®p InS-∂p-d-ßn-bm¬ t]mcm, Fgp-t∂‰p

\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ apgp-tI-≠-Xp≠v F∂ kqN-\-bm-W-Xv.
˜
(4) Izpssd-in-Iƒ \_n -sb-°p-dn®v Ihn-bm-sW-∂pw, {]iv\-°m-c-
\m-sW-∂pw, {`m¥-\m-sW-∂p-sams° ]d-™p-tI´-t∏m-ƒ Xncp-ta\n (hy-k\w
\nan-Øw) hoń¬sN∂p hkv{Xw aqSn-∏p-X®p InS-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. B kµ¿`-
Øn-em-bn-cp∂p CXv Ah-Xcn-®-Xv.
{]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ BZy-L-´-Øn¬, Ah-X-cn® kqd-Øp-I-fn¬s]-

´-XmWv Cu kqd-Øv. A∂v A©p t\csØ \a-kvImcw \nb-an-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-
√. AXn-\p-ap-ºmWv Cu I¬]-\. cm{Xn-bpsS GXm≠v ]IpXn ka-bw˛
A¬]w Ipdthm IqSp-Xtem Bbmepw hntcm-[-an-√˛ Fgp-t∂‰p \a-kvI-cn-
°-W-sa∂v CXp-aqew A√mlp \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A©v \a- ˜
kvImcw \nb-a-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc cm{Xn \a-kvImcw \n¿∆-ln-°¬ s]mXp-
hn¬ F√m-h¿°pw \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂pthm F∂p-≈-Xn¬ `n∂m-`n-{]mbw
ImWmw. GXm-bm-epw, ]n∂oSv Cu \a-kvImcw \n¿_-‘-a-s√-∂pw, AtX-k-
a-bØv cm{Xn Dd-°-Øn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰v A¬]-sa-¶nepw \a-kvI-cn-°¬˛
AYhm "Xl-÷pZv' \a-kvIm-cw˛ hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp ]pWy-I¿a-am-sW-
∂p-≈-Xn¬ B¿°pw `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-an-√. (apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb Nne Xncp-
Ø¬hm-Zn-Iƒs°m-gn-sI.) cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ {]m[m-\ysØ ]‰n Izp¿-
B-\nepw lZo-Ynepw [mcmfw Du∂n-∏-d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. (k-PZx 16; ^p¿Izm≥
64; Zmcn-bmØv 17, 18 apX-em-b-hbpw hnh-c-Whpw t\m°p-I.)
5164
\a-kvIm-cI¿aØns‚ {][m\ LS-I-ß-fm-Wt√m \ndp-Øw, Izp¿-
B≥ ]mcm-bW - w, dpIq-Dv, kpPqZv F∂n-hs
- b-√mw. AXp-sIm≠v \a-kvIm-csØ
Dt±-in®v Cu hm°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-s≠∂v \mw CXn\v apºv Nne-t∏m-
sg√mw DW¿Øp-I-bp≠mbn-´p-≠v. ChnsS π«∏dG ºb (cm{Xn Fgp-t∂¬°p-I)
F∂pw, 20 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Ωƒ≤J (\o Fgp-t∂¬°p-∂p) F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-
∂Xv Fgp-t∂‰v \a-kvI-cn-°pI F∂ A¿∞-Øn-em-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\-
n-em-°mw. Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw \a-kvIm-c-Ønse Hcp {][m-\`m-K-am-sW-
∂-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-Øn\v G‰hpw ]‰nb Ah-kcw \a-
kvIm-c-hp-a-s{X. AXp-sIm≠v \a-kvIm-csØ∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v
Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw F{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-
cn-°p-∂p.
π«JôJ (X¿Xo¬) F∂m¬, A£-c-ßƒ hy‡-am-°nbpw hm°p-Iƒ

apdn-®p-ap-dn-®pw, hmN-I-ßƒ \ndpØn\ndp-Øn-bpw-sIm≠v kmh-Im-i-cq-]-Øn¬
\∂m-°n-hm-bn-°p-I˛ As√-¶n¬ kwkm-cn-°p-I˛ F∂¿∞-am-Ip-∂p. Izp¿-
B≥ X¿Xo-em°n HmX-W-sa∂ I¬]\ hfsc A¿∞-h-Ømb Hcp I¬]-
\-bm-Wv. HmXp-∂-h\v AXns‚ A¿∞-hpw, Bi-b-hpw, kqN-\-I-fp-sa√mw
Hm¿an-°p-hm-\pw, Ah a\- n¬ ]Xn-bp-hm-\pw, Ah-sb-∏‰n D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-
hm\pw AXv hfsc D]-I-cn-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈ HmØvtIƒ°p-∂-h¿°pw
AXv êw sNøpw. Izp¿-B-t\m-Sp≈ BZ-chpw `‡nbpw {]I-Sn-∏n-°epw
IqSn-bm-W-Xv. km[m-cW hmb-\-I-fn-epw, kwkm-c-ß-fnepw t]mepw D®m-c-W-
ip≤n IqSm-sX-bpw, A£-c-hy-‡X IqSm-sXbpw [rXn-bn¬ Dcp-hn-Sp∂ k{º-
Zmbw A\-`n-e-j-Wo-b-am-W-t√m.
Izp¿Bs‚ hmb-\m-cq-]-ßfpw acym-Z-Ifpw hnj-b-am-°n-s°m-≠p≈

Hcp {]tXy-I-im-kv{Xw-Xs∂ Ckveman-ep-≠v. AXns‚ {]m[m-\ysØ Cu
hN\w Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. ~jƒéàdG º∏Y (C¬apØPvhoZv AYhm hmb\ \∂m-
°p∂ imkv{Xw) F∂ t]cn¬ AXv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. \_n -bn¬\n∂v ˜
kzlm-_n-If - pw, Ah-cn¬\n∂v ]n∂o-Sp-≈h
- cpw apJm-ap-Ja
- m-bpw, I¿Wm-I¿Wn-
I-bmbpw tI´p-]-Tn® k{º-Zm-b-ßsf Cu imkv{Xw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-
∂p. Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bW acym-Z-I-sf-∏‰n ]eXpw apJ-hp-c-bn¬ \mw hnh-cn-
®n-´p-≠v. AXv-C-hnsS A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-amb
Npcp°w Nne lZo-Yp-Iƒam{Xw ChnsS D≤-cn°mw:˛
˜
1. \_n Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXn-cp∂ coXn-sb-∏‰n tNmZn-
°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ A\kv (d) Cßs\ adp-]Sn ]d™p: AXv \oń-\o-ń-s°m-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv A\kv (d) "_nkvan-√mln' F∂pw, "A¿˛dlvam\n' F∂pw,
"A¿˛ dlow' F∂pw Hmtcm∂pw \oń-s°m≠v HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-®p. (_p-Jm-co.)
5165
2. DΩp-keax (d)-tbmSv AXn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn® Hcmƒ°v Hmtcm
A£-chpw hSn-thmsS hy‡-ambn D®-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ HmXn-s°m-Sp-°p-I-
bp-≠m-bn. (Xn; Zm; \)
˜
3. \_n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "\nß-fpsS i_vZ-ßƒsIm≠v Izp¿-
Bs\ Ae-¶-cn-°p-hn≥.' (A; Zm)
4. XzmDukv (d) ]d-bp∂p: Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-Øn¬ i_vZw \√-

h-\pw, \∂mbn HmXp-∂-h\pw Fß-s\-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v tNmZn-°-
s∏-´-t∏mƒ \_n ˜ Cßs\ ]d™p: "GsXm-cp-h≥ HmXp-∂Xv tI´m¬,
Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂v \n\°v ImWmtam Ah-\m-Wv.' (Zm-
cn-an.)
˜
5. \_n ]d-bp∂p: "\nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°v Izp¿-B-t\mSv CW-
°-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ \nß-fXv ]mcm-bWw sNøp-hn≥. s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sm-Ip-
tºmƒ (hn-ck - X tXm∂p-tºmƒ) AXn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]m-bn-s°m-≈p-hn≥'
!5! \n›-b-ambpw `mc-s∏´ Hcp

hN\w \mw \ns‚ ta¬ Ct´®v
[Ah-X-cn-∏n®v] Xcm≥ t]mIp-∂p.
6! \n›-b-am-bpw, cm{Xn (\-a-

kvIm- c - Ø n- \ v) DW¿s∂- g p-
t∂¬°pI F∂Xv; AXv IqSp-X¬
i‡-ambn kΩ¿±w sNep-Øp-∂-
Xpw, hm°v IqSp-X¬ sNm∆m-°p-
∂-Xp-a-s{X.
7! \n›-b-am-bpw, ]I-en¬
\n\°v Zo¿L-ambn tPmen-Øn-c-
°p-≠v.
5! \n›-b-ambpw \mw Ct´®v (A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p) Xt∂°pw (X-

cm≥ t]mIp-∂p) \ns‚ ta¬ Hcp (X-cw) hN\w `mc-s∏-´,
L\-s∏´ !6! -\n-›-b-ambpw DW¿s∂-gp-t∂¬]v cm{Xn-bnse
AXv ITn\ (i-‡)-am-b-Xs{X kΩ¿±w IqSp-X¬ sNm∆p-≈-Xpw,
5166
sNm∆m-°p-∂Xpw hm°v, hN\w !7! \n›-b-ambpw \n\-°p≠v
]I-en¬ k©m-cw, hym]-cn-°¬ (tPm-en-Øn-c-°v) \o≠,
Zo¿Ln®
`mcs∏´ hN\w C´p-X-cm≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-™-Xv, ]n∂oSv \_n
˜ °v Ah-X-cn-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ Izp¿B≥ hN\ßƒ, \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ
BZn-bm-bh Dt±-in-®m-Ip-∂p. Izp¿-Bs‚ ktµ-i-ßƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Ø-epw,
{]t_m-[\w sNøepw hfsc `mcn® IrXy-am-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. AXp-
t]m-se-Øs∂ hlvbmIp∂ Znhy-k-tµ-i-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°epw tIhew `mc-
ta-dnb Hcp Imcy-a-s{X. XWp-t∏-dnb Znh-k-ß-fn¬ t]mepw hlvbv hcp-tºmƒ
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS s\‰n hnb¿°m-dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬
ImWm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. `mc-ta-dn-bXpw AXn-al
- Ø
- m-bX- p-amb B Npa-Xe- I
- ƒ G‰p-
hm-ßp-hm\pw \nd-th-‰p-hm\pw th≠p∂ ssZhn-I-k-lm-bhpw Bflob
i‡nbpw kn≤n-°p-hm-\p≈ am¿K-as{X cm{Xn Dd-°-Øn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰v
sNøp∂ \a-kvIm-c-I¿aw. cm{Xn-bnse \a-kvImcw ]I-ense \a-kvIm-c-sØ-
°mƒ {]bm-k-s∏-´Xpw `mc-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv. AtX ka-bØv Bfl-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn-
\pw, Bfl-]-cn-io-e-\-Øn\pw AXv IqSp-X¬ D]-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. GIm-
{K-X-bpw, a\- m-∂n-[yhpw AXv h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. \mhn\pw lrZ-b-Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬
IqSp-X¬ s]mcp-Øhpw kwtbm-P-\hpw D≠m-Ip-∂p. \n»-_vZhpw kzÿ-hp-
amb Ah-k-c-am-Wt√m cm{Xn-k-a-bw. A¬]w Ddßn hn{i-an-®-tijw Fgp-t∂‰v
hpZzq sNbvXp Ign-bp-∂t- XmsS ico-cØ - n\pw a\- n\pw ]pXn-sbmcp ssNX-\yhpw
D≥ta-jhpw kwPm-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. A\y-Nn-¥-I-fp-sS-tbm, tPmen-Øn-c-°p-I-
fp-sStbm Ae-ń-√mØ B Ah-k-cw, \a-kvIm-cw, {]m¿∞-\, Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-
Ww, ZnIv¿, Xkv_olv XpS-ßnb Bcm-[-\-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ G‰hpw ]‰n-b-XvX-
s∂, Cß-s\-bp≈ hkvXp-X-I-sf-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-
´p-∂-Xv.
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n Acp-fn-s®bvX Hcp hN\w ChnsS {it≤-b-am-Ip-
∂p. AXns‚ Npcp°w CXmWv: "Hcmƒ Dd-ßp-tºmƒ ]nimNv Ahs‚ ]nc-Sn°v
aq∂v sI´p-Iƒ sI´p-∂p. Ah≥ DW-cp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-°p-∂-]£w
Hcp sI´gn-™p-t]m-Ipw. Fgp-t∂‰v "hpZzp' FSp-Øm¬ as‰mcp sI´-gn-bpw, \a-
kvI-cn-®m¬ F√m sI´p-Ifpw Agn-™p-t]m-Ipw. Aß-s\, Ah≥ sNmSn-bp-≈-
h-\pw lrZbw ip≤-am-b-h-\p-ambn t\cw ]pe-cpw. A√m-Ø-]£w a\ v Zpjn-®-
h-\mbpw aSn-b-\m-bpw-sIm≠pw t\cw ]pe-cpw.'(_p; ap.) ≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
!8! \ns‚ d∫ns‚ \maw kvacn-

°p-I-bpw, Ah-¶-te°v (G-Im-{K-
Nn-Ø-\m-bn) Hcp apdn-™-Sp-°¬
ASp-°p-I-bpw sNøp-I.
5167
! 9! DZ- b - ÿ m- \ - Ø n- s ‚- b pw,
AkvX-a-bÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw d∫m-
Ip∂p (A- h ≥); Ah- \ - √ msX
Bcm- [ y- t \- b n- √ . AXn- \ m¬,
Ahs\ \o (F√m Imcy-hpw) `c-
ta¬]n-°s - ∏-´h
- \
- m-°n-s°m-≈p-I.
10! Ah¿ [Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ]
]d-™p-h-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \o
£a ssIsIm- ≈ p- I - b pw, `wKn-
bmb hn[-Øn¬ Ahsc shSn-
™p-\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
11! Fs∂bpw kpJm-\p-{K-l-

Øns‚ Bƒ°m-cmb (B) hymP-
hm- Z n- I - s fbpw hnt´- ° p- I - b pw,
Ah¿°v A¬]w CS-\¬Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-I. [Ah-cpsS Imcyw Rm≥
Xocp-am-\n-®p-sIm-≈mw.]
8! \o Hm¿an-°pI (kva-cn-°p-I, ]d-bp-I)bpw sNøpI \ns‚

d∫ns‚ \maw (C-X-c-Nn-¥-Iƒ hn´v) apdn™p (an-\-s°-´p)-sN-√pI
Ah-¶-te°v Hcp (\-√-X-cw) apdn-™p-sN-√¬ !9! DZ-b-ÿm-
\-Øns‚ d∫m-Ip∂p AkvX-a-b-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw Bcm-[y-t\-
bn√ Ah-\-√msX AXn-\m¬ Ahs\ B°ns°m≈pI `c-
ta¬]n-°-s∏-´-h≥, `mc-ta-‰-h≥, G¬]-\-°m-c≥ !10! \o £an-°p-
Ibpw sNøpI Ah¿ ]d-™p-h-cp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Ahsc
shSn-bpI (hn-´p-\n¬°p-I)bpw sNøpI Hcp shSn-b¬ `wKn-bm-b,
kpµ-c-amb !11! Fs∂ hnt´-°p-Ibpw sNøpI hymP-am-°p-∂-
h-scbpw kpJm-\p-{K-lØ
- ns‚ (ku-Jy-Øn-s‚) Bƒ°m-cmb
Ah¿°v CS (H-gn-hv) sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI A¬]w, Ipd®v
A√mlp A√msX Bcm-[y-t\-bn√ (¬∏dG ’G ¬dEG ’) F∂ Xulo-Zns‚ hmIyw

kzoI-cn-°p-∂t- XmsS A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ ISabmWv kIe Imcy-ßfpw A√m-
lp-hn¬ A¿∏n-°-epw, Ahs\ Imcy-I¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°epw F∂v 8 Dw 9
5168
Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. {]Xn-Im-tc-—tbm hntZz-jtam IqSm-sX, a\-
p-sIm≠pw Bi-bw-sIm≠pw i{Xp-°-fp-ambn AI∂p \n¬°-Ww, Ah-cpsS
A{I-a-ß-fpsS t\sc IÆ-S-°-Ww, \b-]q¿hw s]cp-am-d-Ww, Fs∂m-s°-bmWv
10 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv. i{Xp-°-fpsS A{I-a-ßsf kw_-‘n®v FSp-
t°≠ \S-]Sn A√mlp FSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-sa-∂pw AXn\v A¬] ImesØ Xmakw
IqSn-bp-s≠∂pwAXp-hsc £an-°-W-sa∂pw ]d™p kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv
11 ˛mw hN-\w. Ah¿°v A\p-`-hs∏-Sp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ in£-I-sf-°p-dn®v ASpØ
hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:˛
! 12! \n›- b - a m- b pw, \ΩpsS

ASp-°¬ I\Ø hneßpI-fpw,
IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ A·n-bp-ap≠v;
13! (Io- g v t ]m- ´ n- d - ß msX

sXm≠-bn¬) AS™p \n¬°p∂
`£- W - h pw, thZ- \ - t b- d nb
in£bpw D≠v.
14! `qan- b pw, ]¿∆- X - ß fpw

hnd- s Im- ≈ p- I bpw ]¿∆- X - ß ƒ
Aen- s ™m- g p- I p∂ aW¬Ip∂v
(t]m-se) BIp-Ibpw sNøp∂
Znhkw! [A∂m-bn-cn°pw AXv.]
12! \n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS ASp-°-ep≠v I\Ø hne-ßp-

Iƒ, `mcn® Nß-e-Iƒ Pzen-°p∂ A·nbpw !13! `£-Whpw
sXm≠-bn¬ sI´p-∂-Xmb, AS-™p-\n¬°p∂ in£bpw
thZ-\-tb-dnb !14! hnd-sIm-≈p∂ (In-Sp-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂) Znhkw
`qan ]¿∆-X-ß-fpw, ae-Ifpw ]¿∆-X-ßƒ BIp-Ibpw
aW¬°p∂v (t]m-se) Aen™p Hgp-Ip-∂, DXn¿s∂m-en-°p∂
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fnse kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-sfbpw in£-I-sf-bp-amWv Cu hN-

\-ß-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. "k°zpw', "fzcoDv'(™jô°V , ΩƒbR) apX-emb \c-Iob
`£y-hn-`-h-ßsf Dt±-in-®mWv sXm≠-bn¬ AS-™p-\n¬°p∂ `£Ww
F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂m-a-sØ-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: ZpJm≥ 43 epw, c≠m-a-
tØ-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: Kzminbx (á«°TÉ¨dG) 6 epw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw.
5169
!15! (P-\-ß-tf) \n›-b-ambpw
\mw \nß-fpsS ta¬ km£n-bmb
Hcp dkq-ens\ \nß-fn-te°v Ab-
®n-cn-°p∂p; ^n¿-Hus‚ ASp-°-
te°v Hcp dkq-ens\ \mw Ab-®-
Xv-t]mse (Ø-s∂).
16!F∂n´v ^n¿- H u≥ (B)

dkq- e n- t \mSv A\p- k - c - W - t °Sv
ImWn-®p. At∏mƒ, \mw Ahs\
ISp-Ø-Xmb Hcp ]nSpØw ]nSn®p
(in-£n-®p).
15! \n›-ba
- mbpw \mw Ab-®n-cn-°p∂p \nß-fn-te°v
Hcp dkq-en-s\, ZqXs\ \nß-fpsSta¬ km£n-bmb \mw
Ab-®-Xp-t]mse ^n¿-Hus‚ ASp-°-te°v Hcp dkq-ens\
!16! F∂n´v A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv sNbvXp, FXncv {]h¿Øn®p
^n¿-Hu≥ dkq-en-t\mSv At∏mƒ \ma-hs\ ]nSn®p -Hcp
]nSpØw ISp-Ø, i‡-amb
GXp- \ n- e °pw \nß- s f- ° mƒ hºn® i‡n- b pw, tbmKy- X - b pw,

kzm[o\hpsa√mw D≠m-bn-cp∂ ^n¿-Hu\pw Ahs‚ Bƒ°mcpw dkq-ens\
A\p-k-cn-°mbvI \nanØw A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h∂ `b-¶c in£-sb-°p-dn®v
\nßƒ°-dn-hp-≠-t√m. At∏mƒ, Cl-Øn¬sh®p-Xs∂ \nßsf in£n-°p-
hm≥ A√m-lp-hn\v Hcp {]bm-k-hp-an-s√∂v \nßƒ°v a\- n-em°mw F∂v
Xm¬]-cyw. F\n, sFln-I-in-£-bn¬\n∂v \nßƒ°v Hgn-hp-In-ń-bm¬X-s∂,
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fn¬ ]c-temI in£-bn¬\n∂v \nßƒ°v Fßs\ tamN\w
e`n-°p-hm-\mWv F∂v ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°p-
∂p.
!17! F∂m¬, \nßƒ Ahn-
iz-kn-°p-Ib- m-sW-¶n¬, Ipń-Isf
\c-®-h-cm-°p∂ Hcp (`-b-¶-c) Znh-
ksØ \nßƒ Fß- s \- b mWv
kq£n-°pI?!
5170
! 18! BImiw AXp- a qew
s]mń-∏n-f¿∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
Ahs‚ [A√m-lp-hns‚] hmKvZ
Øw {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ hcp-Ø-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
19! \n›-b-am-bpw, CXv Hcp
(a-l-Øm-b) D]-tZ-i-am-Wv. BI-
bm¬, B¿ (th-W-sa-∂v) Dt±-in-
°p-∂pthm Ah≥Xs‚ d∫n-¶-
te°v Hcp- a m¿Kw G¿s∏- S p- Ø n-
s°m-≈s´!
17! F∂m¬ Fß-s\-bmWv \nßƒ kq£n-°pI
\nßƒ Ahn-iz-kn-°-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp Znh-ksØ B°p∂
Ipń-Isf \c-®-h¿ !18! BImiw AXv-aqew s]mń-∏n-
f¿∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw Ahs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-am-Ip∂p {]h¿Øn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂Xv ({]-tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv) !19! \n›-b-ambpw CXv
Hcp D]-tZi (D¬t_m-[-\)-amWv At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬) B¿
Dt±-in-°p-∂p-thm, thW-sa-∂p-sh-®h≥ D≠m-°-Ww, G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s´,
B°s´ Xs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v am¿Kw, h√ hgnbpw
A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ in£ Hgn-hm-bn-°n-´p-hm-\pw, Ahs‚ {]oXnbpw A\p-
{K-lhpw e`n-°p-hm\pw Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿ AXn-\p≈ am¿Kw˛ AsX, kXy-hn-izm-
khpw k¬°¿ahpw ˛kzo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ahs\ A\p-k-cn®p Pohn-t°-≠-Xm-
Wv F∂v kmcw. kqd-Øns‚ Bcw`-Øn¬ cm{Xn-bpsS ]IpXn ka-b-tam, As√-
¶n¬ A¬]w Gdntbm Ipdt™m \a-kvI-cn-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-b-t√m.
˜
Iptd-Im-e-tØmfw \_n bpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw B I¬]-\-b-\p-k-cn®v
\a-kvImc I¿aw \n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp- h∂p. AXn\v tijw ASpØ
BbØv aptJ\ B I¬]-\-bn¬ A√mlp Cfhv \¬In-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. Cfhv
\¬Ip-hm-\p≈ Imc-W-ßfpw B kpZo¿L-amb hN-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ ImWmw.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!20! \n›-ba- m-bpw, \ns‚ d∫v
Adn-bp∂p: cm{Xn-bpsS GXm≠v
aq∂n¬ c≠p-`m-Khpw, ]Ip-Xnbpw
aq∂n-sem∂pw (k-a-bw) \obpw,
5171
\ns‚ IqsS-bp-≈-h-cn¬ Hcp
hn`m-Khpw Fgp-t∂‰v (\-a-kvI-cn-
®p) hcp-∂p-s≠-∂v.
A√m-lp-h-s{X, cm{Xn-sb-bpw,
]I-en-s\bpw IW-°m-°n-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \nßƒ°v AXv
(Xn-á
- m-bn) ¢n]vXs
- ∏-Sp-Øm-hX
- √
F∂v Ah-∂-dn-bmw. BI-bm¬,
Ah≥ \nß-fpsS t]cn¬ (C-f-
hp-\¬In) aS°w kzoI-cn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. F\n, \nßƒ Izp¿-B-
\n¬\n∂pw kuI-cy-s∏-´Xv HmXn
(\-a-kvI-cn-®p) sIm≈p-hn≥.
Ah- ∂ - d n- b mw, \nß- f n¬

tcmKn- I ƒ D≠m- t b- ° p- ∂ - X m-
sW∂v;
thsd Nne¿ A√m-lp-hns‚

A\p-{K-l-Øn¬\n∂v At\z-jn-
®p-sIm≠v `qan-bn¬ k©-cn-°p-
sa-∂pw, thsd Nne¿ A√m-lp-
hns‚ am¿K- Ø n¬ bp≤- Ø n-
te¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw (A-
dn-bmw),
AXn-\m¬, \nßƒ AXn¬

Izp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v kuI-cy-s∏-
´Xv HmXn (\-a-kvI-cn-®p) sIm≈p-
I. \a- k v I mcw \ne- \ n- d p- Ø p-
Ibpw, k°m-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw
A√m-lp-hn∂v \√ ISw sImSp-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥.
5172
\nßƒ \nßƒ°v- X s∂
th≠n h√ \∑bpw ap≥Iqń
sNbvXp-sh-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬, AXv
IqSp-X¬ KpW-I-c-am-b-Xpw, hfsc
al-Ømb {]Xn-^-e-ap-f-f-Xmbpw
A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ \nßƒ
AXns\ Is≠-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m]-
tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥.
\n›- b - a m- b pw, A√mlp hfsc
s]mdp-°p∂-h-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
bp-am-Ip-∂p.
20! \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v Adn-bpw, Adn-bp∂p

\o Fgp-t∂¬°p∂p (\-ak
- vIc
- n-°p-∂p) F∂v ASp-ØXv (G-Xm-≠v)
aq∂n¬ c≠w-i-tØmSv cm{Xn-bpsS AXns‚ ]Ip-Xnbpw
AXns‚ aq∂n-sem∂pw Hcp hn`m-K-hpw, Iqćpw bmsXm-cp-h-
cn¬\n∂v \ns‚ IqsS-bp≈ A√m-lp, A√m-lp-hs{X IW-°m-
°p-∂p, \n¿W-bn-°p-∂Xv cmhn-s\bpw ]I-en-s\bpw Ah≥
Adn-™n-cn-°p-∂p, Ah\v Adnbmw \nß-f-Xns\ ¢n]vX-am-°pI
(Xn-´-s∏-Sp-Øp-I˛ kq£va-am-b-dn-bp-I) Cs√∂v BI-bm¬ Ah≥ aS°w
kzoI-cn®p \nß-fpsS t]cn¬ F\n (A-Xn-\m¬) \nßƒ HmXp-
hn≥, ]mcm-bWw sNbvhn≥ kuI-cy-s∏-´-Xv, Ffp-∏-am-bXv
Izp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v Ah-∂-dnbmw Bbn-Øocpw (h-gnsb D≠m-Ipw)
F∂v \nß-fn¬ (\n-∂v) tcmKn-Iƒ thsd Nne¿, a‰v Nne¿
Ah¿ k©-cn°pw `qan-bn¬ At\z-jn®p (tX-Sn)-s°m≠v
A√m-lp-hns‚ Zb-hn¬ (A-\p-{K-l-Øn¬) \n∂v thsd Nne¿
bp≤hpw sNøpw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ AXn-\m¬
\nßƒ HmXp-hn≥ kuI-cy-am-bXv AXn¬\n∂v \nßƒ \ne-
\n-dp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ \a-kvImcw k°mØv sImSp-°p-
Ibpw sNøpI \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v ISw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
ho≥ ISw, Hcp ISw \√-Xmb \nßƒ ap≥Iqń sNbvXp-
5173
sh-°p-∂-Xv, F¥v ap¥n-®mepw \nßƒ°v Xs∂-th≠n \√-Xm-
bn´v, DØ-a-am-b-Xn¬\n∂v, h√ \∑bpw \nß-fXv Is≠-Øpw, \nßƒ°v
In´pw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ AXv (X-s∂) KpW-am-bn-´v, DØ-a-amb
\ne°v G‰w (h-f-sc) al-Øm-b-Xmbpw {]Xn-êw \nßƒ
]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ A√m-lp-thmSv \n›-b-ambpw
A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv
˜
dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n bpsS (cm-{Xn) \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v X\n°v
]d-™p-X-c-W-sa∂v kAvZp_v\p-lnimw (d) BCix (d)-tbmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´-
t∏mƒ BCix (d) At±-l-tØmSv tNmZn®p: "Xm≥ Cu kqdØv kqx apk-
Ωn¬˛ HmXm-dnt√?!' At±lw adp-]Sn ]d™p: "C√mtX!' At∏mƒ BCix
(d) ]d™p: "F∂m¬, Cu kqd-Øns‚ BZy-Øn¬ A√mlp cm{Xn \a-
˜
kvImcw \n¿_-‘-am-°n. Aß-s\, dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw
Hcp sIm√-tØmfw Ah-cpsS ]mZ-ß-fn¬ \ocp-sI´pamdv \a-kvImcw \n¿∆-
ln-®p-h-∂p. ]{¥≠v amk-°mew Cu kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-`mKw A√mlp
BIm-iØv kq£n-®p-sh-®p. (A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-√.) ]n∂oSv kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-
\-Øn¬ eLq-I-cWw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. Aß-s\, cm{Xn \a-kvImcw \n¿_-‘-
am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\p-tijw AXv sF—n-I-I¿aw (á∏aÉf) Bbn-Øo¿∂p.'(A; ap; Zm;
\.)
˜
Hcp sIm√-°m-e-am-bn-cp∂p \_n bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw cm{Xn \a-
kvImcw \n¿_-‘-I¿a-ambn BN-cn-®p-h-∂Xv F∂m-Wt√m Cu lZo-Yn¬
BCimx (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thsd Nne kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ \n∂v \nth-
Z\w sNø-s∏´ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ sIm√-ß-tfmfw AXv \n¿_-‘-am-bn-
cp-∂p-sh∂pw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬, cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ \n¿_-‘-
\n-baw F{X-Imew \ne-\n¬°p-I-bp-≠m-sb∂v Xo¿Øp-]-d-bp-hm≥ \ap°v
{]bm-ka - p-≠v. kqd-Øns‚ BZy-`mKw Ah-Xc - n® ImeØv Hcp-]t- £, BCim
(d) P\n-®n-cp-∂pthm F∂v-t]mepw kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-
\-dn-bmw. GXm-bm-epw, Cu Bb-Øn¬\n∂v \ap°v Xmsg ImWp∂ kwK-
Xn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-XmWv:˛
Ckvemans‚ Bcw-`Ø - n¬ ˛Cu kqd-Ønse BZy-`m-Kß

- f- n¬ ImWp-
∂-Xvt]m-se˛ cm{Xn \a-kvImcw apkvenwIƒ°v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. \_n
˜
bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw Iptd-°mew Hcp \n¿_-‘-I-S-a-sb∂ \ne°v AXv
BN-cn-®p-h-∂-ti-j-amWv Cu hN\w aptJ\ {]kvXpX \n¿_‘w Cfhv
sNø-s∏-´-Xv. Nne-t∏mƒ cm{Xn GXm≠v aq∂n¬ c≠v `mK-hpw, Nne-t∏mƒ
]Ip-Xn-bpw, a‰v Nne-t∏mƒ aq∂n-semcp `mKhpw Ah¿ \a-kvI-cn-®n-cp-∂p.
5174
kabw ¢n]vX-ambn Adn-b-Ø° LSn-Imcw apX-emb D]-I-c-W-ß-fn-√m-Ø-
Im-eØv kabw IrXy-ambn IW-°m-°p-hm≥ {]bm-k-am-W-t√m. am{X-a-√,
\n¿_‘ I¬]\ h∂-t∏mƒXs∂ cm{Xn-bpsS ]Ip-Xn-tbm, As√-¶n¬ IqSp-
X-tem, A¬]w Ipdt®m kabw FSp°m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v A√mlp hy‡-am-
°n-bn-´p-ap-≠v. (2, 3, 4 hN-\-ßƒ t\m°p-I.) GXm-bmepw C{Xbpw kabw
˜
cm{Xn Dd-s°m-gn-®v˛ Imen¬ \ocp-t]mepw sI´p-am-dv˛ B IrXyw \_n bpw
kzlm-_n-Ifpw sX‰m-sX A\p-jvTn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\
A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿°p≈ Xm¬]-cyhpw A√mlp I≠-dn-bp-∂p≠v;
cm∏-I-ep-I-fpsS G‰-°p-d-hp-I-fpw, Hmtcm-∂ns‚ IrXy Af-hp-I-fpw, Ah-bn¬
Fs¥√mw \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ kq£va-hn-h-chpw A√m-lp-hn-¶-
ep≠v; Ah-bpsS \nb-{¥Ww Ahs‚ ]°-em-Wp-≈-Xv; krjvSn-Iƒ°v
AsXm∂pw icn-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. Fs∂ms° Nq≠n-°m-ń-s°m≠v {]kvXpX
\n¿_-‘sØ ( ÜƒLh) \nß-fpsS t]cn¬ Ah≥ aS°w kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p
(ºµ«∏Y ÜÉàa) F∂ hmIyw aptJ\ A√mlp Cfhv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
F\n taen¬, cm{Xn \a-kvImcw A{X I¿i-\-ambn BN-cn-t°-≠-

Xn-√. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-s‚bpw Ignhpw kuI-cy-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v A\p-jvTn-®m¬ aXn-
bmIpw F∂s{X "Izp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw kuI-cy-am-bXv HmXn-s°m-≈pI
(¿BGô≤dG øe ô°ù«J Ée GhCGôbÉa)' F∂ hmIy-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚
ssZ¿Lyw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpw AXnse Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-
Øns‚ tXmX-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m.
cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ \n¿_-‘-Øn-epw, ka-b-ssZ¿Ly-Ønepw

Cfhv \¬Ip-hm-\p≈ Imc-Whpw Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. Nne¿ tcmK-_m-[n-X-cm-bn-cn-°mw;a‰p-Nn-e¿ D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw At\z-jn®pw
a‰pw bm{X-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-t´-°mw; thsd Nne¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn-ep≈
[¿a-bp-≤-Øn¬ G¿s∏-t´-°mw; Cßs\ ]e Aku-I-cy-ßfpw kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°v ]e-t∏mgpw D≠m-Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cß-s\-bp≈ Imc-W-Øm-emWv
kuI-cy-a-\p-k-cn®v \n¿∆-ln-®m¬ aXn-sb∂v I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu hN\w
Ah-X-cn-°p∂ ImeØv Ckveman¬ bp≤w \S-∏m-°-s∏-ń-ń-√. a°o-kq-d-Øp-
I-fn¬s]-´-Xm-Wt√m Cu A≤ymbw. At∏mƒ, hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ apS-°p-Isf
t\c-sØ-Øs∂ ]cn-K-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Ømb Imcp-Wy-
˜
sØbpw A\p-{K-l-sØ-bp-amWv Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. \_n sb kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw CsXmcp {]h-N\w IqSn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. IqSm-sX, I®-h-Sw, Irjn apX-
emb D]-Po-h-\-am¿K-ßƒ°v-th≠n bm{X sNøp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-
°¬ Xr]vXn-s∏´ Imcy-am-sW∂pIqSn Cu hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-
hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
5175
¬æe ô°ù«J Ée GhCGôbÉa (Izp¿-B\
- n¬\n∂pw kuI-cy-am-bXv HmXn-s°m-≈p-hn≥)
AYhm kuI-cy-s∏-t´-S-tØmfw \a-kvI-cn-°pI F∂v Bh¿Øn®p ]d-™n-
cn-°p-∂Xv {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. \n¿_‘-an-s√-¶nepw \nß-fpsS KpW-Øn-\p-th-
≠n-Øs∂ \nß-fXv Ign-hXpw A\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂m-WXv ImWn-°p-
∂-Xv. cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-sØ-∏‰n ]e Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fnepw \_nhN-\-ß-
fnepw Du∂n-∏-d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv {]kn-≤-am-W-t√m. Cu Bb-Øns‚ Ah-km-
\-Øn¬, Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ah-\-hs‚ `mhn \∑-°p-th-≠n k¬°¿a-ßƒ
kºm-Zn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂v FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p.
\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ kqd-Øp¬ ^mØnlx HmX¬ \n¿_-‘-an-s√-∂pw,

kuI-cy-s∏-Sp∂ at‰-sX-¶nepw Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ am{Xw HmXn-bmepw aXn-
bm-Ip-sa∂pw Cu hmIysØ Bkv]-Z-am°n Nne¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.
]t£, kq: ^mØnlx \n¿l-_-‘-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v sXfnhv \_n -bpsS ˜
lZo- Y m- I p- ∂ p. Xncp- t a\n ˜ Cßs\ {]kvXm- h n- ® n- c n- ° p∂p:
¬«∏Y ≥Øàe - ÜÉàµdG á–ÉØH CGô≤j ’ øŸ IÓ°U ’ (^m-Øn-l-Øp¬ InØm-_n-s\˛ thZ-{K-Ÿ-
Ønse {]mcw` A≤ym-b-sØ˛ HmXm-Ø-h\v \a-kvIm-c-an-√. (_p; ap.) kq:
^mØnlx °p]p-dsa thsdbpw kqd-Øp-Iƒ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ HmXpI Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n-´p-f-fXpw s]mXp-hn¬
Adn-b-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.
cm{Xn \a-kvIm-cs
- Ø-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-®t- ijw, \a-kvIm-csØ \ne-
\n-dp-Ø-W-sa-∂pw, k°mØv sImSp-°-W-sa∂pw (IÉcõdG GƒJBG h IÓ°üdG Gƒª«bCG) ]d-
™n-cn-°p-∂Xv A©p-t\-csØ \n¿_‘ \a-kvIm-cß - s
- f-bpw, \n¿_‘ [¿a-
˜
sØbpw Dt±-in-®m-Ip-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS cmhp-bm-{Xbpw hm\-bm-
{Xbpw ("C-kvdmDw', "anAvdmPpw') D≠mb cm{Xn-bn-emWv A©p-t\-csØ \a-
kvImcw \nb-an-°-s∏-´-Xv. CXv Xncp-ta\n a°-xbn¬ Xma-kn-®n-cp∂ Ime-
Øm-Wv. F∂m¬ k°m-Øm-I-s´, aZo-\xbn¬sh-®mWv \nb-an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v ChnsS "k°mØv' sImSp-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n
hyXy-kvX-amb A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ImWmw.
(1) sNdnb s]cp-∂mƒ Znhkw \¬tI-≠p∂ ^nXzv¿ k°m-ØmWv

ChnsS Dt±-iyw.
(2) \ne-hn-ep≈ k°m-Øv-\n-baw \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv a‰v Nne-

Xcw [¿a-ßƒ \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-Wp-t±-iyw.
(3) k°m-Øns‚ \n¿_‘w a°x-bn¬sh-®p-Xs∂ Ah-X-cn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. ]t£, AXns‚ hniZ kz`mhw aZo-\x-bn¬sh-®mWv \nb-an-°-s∏-´-Xv.
5176
(4) \ne-hn-ep≈ k°m-ØvX-s∂-bmWv Dt±-iyw. (Cu Bb-Øns‚
Ah-X-cWw D≠m-bXv a°x-bn¬sh-®-√, aZo-\x-b-n¬sh-®m-sW∂ A`n-{]m-
bsØ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bmWv C∏-d-™-Xv.)
Hcp ]#£˛ bp≤-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™-Xv-t]m-se˛ `mhn-bn¬ \S-∏n-

em-°m≥ t]mIp∂ k°m-Øn-s\-∏‰n t\c-sØ-Øs∂ Hm¿an-∏n-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-
hm-\pw km[y-X-bp-≠v. º∏YG ¬q∏dG GXm-bmepw, \n¿_-‘-amb \a-kvIm-c-sØbpw
\n¿_-‘-amb k°m-Øn-s\bpw Ipdn-®mWv ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-
sX∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Imc-Ww, XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-Øn¬ "A√m-lp-hn\v \√-
Xmb ISw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥' Éæ°ùM É°Vôb ¬∏dGƒ°VôbCGh F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m.
CXv GsX-¶nepw Hcp \n›nX \n¿_-‘sØ Dt±-in-®m-hm≥ Xc-an-√. sF—n-
I-amb Zm\-[¿aßsf Dt±-in-®m-Ip-hm-\mWv km[y-X. ¬∏dGGƒ°VôbCGh (A-√m-lp-hn\v
ISw-sIm-Sp°p-I) F∂ {]tbm-K-sØ-∏‰n kq: lZoZv 11 epw, kq: XKzm-_p≥
17 epw hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°pI.
\nßƒ \nßƒ°p-Xs∂ th≠n h√-\-∑bpw ap≥Iqń sNbvXp-sh-

®m¬ AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ IqSp-X¬ DØ-a-am-bpw, hºn® {]Xn-^-
e-ap-≈-Xmbpw \nßƒ°v Is≠-Ømw.(ïdGºµ°ùØfC’ Gƒe~≤J Éeh)' F∂ hmIyw \a-
kv I m- c w, [¿aw XpS- ß nb F√m- h n[ ]pWy- I ¿a- ß - s fbpw Ipdn- ® p≈
t{]m¬km-l-\-am-Ip-∂p. tIhew sNdp-sX-t∂m, \n m-c-sat∂m IcpXn
GsXmcp k¬Im-cy-sØbpw Ah-K-Wn-°-cp-sX∂pw, GsXmcp k¬°¿ahpw
A√m-lp-]m-gm-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, Hmtcm-∂n\pw {]Xo-£-bn¬ Ihn™ {]Xn-
êw Ah≥ \¬Ip- s a∂pw A√mlp Adn- b n- ° p- ∂ p. \n¿_‘ IS- a -
IƒsIm≠v aXn-bm-°msX sF—n-I-amb k¬°¿a-ßƒ Ign-hXpw Pohn-X-
Øn¬ kºm-Zn-®p-sh-°p-∂Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv F∂p≈ Hcp D]-tZ-ihpw AXn-
e-S-ßp-∂p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, F√m-hcpw ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°-W-
sa∂v A√mlp D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. k¬°¿a-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ ]m]-tam-N\w
tXSen (QÉØ¨à°SG)-\p≈ {]tXyI ÿm\w CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. a\p-jy≥
F{X-Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤\pw k¬°¿anbpw Bbn-s°m-≈-s´, Ahs‚ ]°¬
Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm ]e sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßfpw t]mcm-bva-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cn-
°pw. Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: "BZ-ans‚ a°-sf√mw
A_≤w ]nW-bp-∂-h-cm-Wv. A_≤w ]nW-bp-∂-h-cn¬sh®v DØ-a≥am¿
]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßp-∂-h-cm-Ip-∂p.' (Xn; P:) B \ne°v Xm≥ Hcp ]m]w
sNbvX-Xmbn tXm∂m-Ø-h≥t]mepw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSm-
Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. a\p-jy-cn¬sh®v G‰hpw D¬Ir-jvS\pw ]m]-c-
˜
ln-X-\p-amb tZlw \_n Xncp-ta\n -bm-W-t√m. Xncp-ta-\n-t]mepw Zn\w-{]Xn
Fgp-]tXm \qtdm {]mhiyw ]m]-tam-N\w tXSn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v lZo-Yp-I-fn¬
h∂n-´p-≈Xv {]kvXm-hy-am-Wv. ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-∂Xv \nanØw ]m]-ßƒ
5177
s]mdp-Øp-In-´p-∂-Xn\v ]pd-sa, A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn\pw A\p-{K-l-
Øn\pw AXv Imc-Wa - m-sW-∂vIqSn DW¿Øn-s°m-≠mWv A√mlp A≤ymbw
kam-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. AsX, º«MQ QƒØZ ¬∏dG ¿EG (\n-›-b-ambpw A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-
°p-∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.)
äÉæeDƒª∏dh ÚæeDƒª∏dh ÉæJÉjQòdh Éæj~dGƒdh ÉæªMQGh Éæd ôØZG ÉæHQ
5178
`mKw 29 ôK~ŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 74 ap±-Yn¿
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ôK~ŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
74. kqdØp¬ ap±Yn¿

˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n °v lndm-aebnseKpl-bn¬sh®v H∂m-a-Xmbn e`n®
hlvbv kqd-Øp¬ "AeIzn' ( ∂HQ º°SÉH GC ôbG)se BZy-h-N-\-ßƒ Bbn-cp-∂p.
AXn-\p-tijw Ipd-®p-Im-e-tØ°v hlvbv e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXp-
˜
\n-anØw \_n hfsc ]cn-{`-aØ - nepw hyk-\Ø- n-ep-am-bn. ]n∂oSv BZyambn
Ah-X-cn-∏n® A≤ymbw Cu (ôK~ŸG É¡jBÉj) A≤ym-b-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv `qcn-
]£w Izp¿B≥ hymJym-Xm-°fpw ÿnc-s∏SpØn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Camw _pJm-
cnbpw apkvenapw (d) A_qkeax (d)-bn¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\w sNbvX Hcp
lZo-Yn¬, H∂m-asØ hlvbn\p-tijw ]n∂oSv hlvbv h-cp-hm≥ Xma-kn®
kw`hw Xncp-ta\n ]d-™ptI´Xmbn Pm_n¿ (d) At±-l-Øn\v hnh-cn-®p-
sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ \_n ˜ Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
ImWmw: "Aß-s\, Rm≥ \S∂psIm-≠n-cn-s°, BIm-iØ - v \n-s∂mcp i_vZw
tI´p. Rm≥ BIm-i-Øns‚ t\¿°v IÆp-s]m-°n. At∏m-g-Xm, lndm-a-e-
bn¬sh®v Fs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂n-cp∂ B ae°v BIm-i-Øn\pw `qan-°p-an-S-
bn¬ Hcp ]oT-Øn≥ta¬ Ccn-°p∂p! Rm≥ AXv \nanØw t]Sn®v hnd®v
\ne-tØ°v hogm-dm-bn. Aß-s\, ho´p-Im-cpsS ASp-°¬h∂v "hkv{X-an´v
aqSn-Ø-cp-hn≥, ]pX-®p-X-cp-hn≥' (Êƒ∏eR) F∂v ]d™p: Ah¿ F\n°v ]pX-
®p-X-∂p. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ôK~ŸG É¡jBÉj apX¬ ôégÉa hsc-bp≈ hN-\-ßƒ Ah-
X-cn-®p. ]n∂oSv hlvbv NqSp-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°bpw sNbvXp.
(≥Øàe)'
lndm-bn¬sh®v Fs‚ ASp-°¬h∂ ae°v F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw
hy‡-am-Wv. H∂m-asØ hlvbpwsIm≠v Pn_vco¬ (A) h∂Xpw kq: Ae-
Iznse BZy-h-N-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®Xpw AhnsSsh-®m-W-t√m. Cu kw`-hsØ
hni-Z-ambn hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v BCimx (d)-bn¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-
´p≈ {]kn-≤-amb lZoYv kqd-Øp¬ Ae-Izn¬ \ap°v D≤-cn°mw;¬∏dG AÉ°T ¿EG.
5179
F∂m¬, Pm_n¿ (d) Xs∂ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn h∂n-´p≈ thsd lZo-Yn¬
˜
\_n °v H∂m-a-Xmbn Ah-X-cn® Izp¿-B≥ Cu kqd-Øm-sW∂v {]kvXm-
hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. hlvbv hcm≥ Xma-kn-®-Xn-\p-tijw ]n∂oSv BZy-ambn
Ah-X-cn® Izp¿-B≥ CXm-bn-cp∂psh∂s{X B {]kvXm-h-\°v lZoYv
]WvUn-X≥am¿ A¿∞w I¬]n-°p-∂X - v. BI-bm¬, c≠v lZo-Yp-Ifpw XΩn¬
sshcp-≤y-an-s√∂v a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m. kq: Ae-Iznse BZy-h-N-\-ßƒ
˜
\_n -tbmSv hmbn-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Ah-X-c-W-tØm-
Sp-IqSn Xncp-ta-\n°v "\p_p-∆Øv' ({]-hm-N-I-Xzw) kn≤n-®p. C u kqd-Ønse
BZy-hm-NI - ß
- f
- m-Is
- ´, Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv Fgp-t∂-‰p-sN∂v P\-ßƒ°v Xm°oXv
\¬Ip-hm-\mWv I¬]n-°p-∂-Xv. AYhm {]t_m-[\w Bcw-`n-°p-hm-\p≈
Iev]-\-bm-W-Xv. CtXm-Sp-IqSn Xncp-ta-\n°v "cnkm-eØpw' (Zn-hy-Zu-Xy-hpw)
e`n-°p-∂p. Cu kqd-Øn-s‚-bpw, kq: ap -Ωn-ens‚ Ah-X-cW kµ¿`-sØ-
˜
bpw, c≠n-s‚bpw Bcw-`-Øn¬ \_n sb kwt_m-[\ sNbvX hm°p-I-
sfbpw (πeõŸG F∂pw ôK~ŸG F∂pw) ]cn-KW - n-°p-tºmƒ c≠pw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-
∏p-≈-Xmbn ImWmw. c≠n¬ GXmWv BZyw Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂v Xo¿Øp-]-d-
™p-Iq-Sm. F¶nepw D≈-S° - h- pw, a‰v Nne hkvXp-XI - fpw sh®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ˛
Camw AkvIz-em\o (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se˛ Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-®-ti-
j-am-bn-cn°pw kq: ap Ωn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv F∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.
º∏YCG ¬q∏dG
Øn¬.
1! tl, ]pX-®p-aq-Sn-b-ht\!
!2! Fgp-t∂¬°p-I, F∂n´v

(P-\-ß-sf) Xm°oXv sNøp-I.
!3! \ns‚ d∫ns\ \o al-

Xzs∏SpØp-I.
!4! \ns‚ hkv { X- ß sf \o

ip≤n-bm-°p-I.
5! in£[°pIm-cW - a
- m-bn-Øo-
cp-∂-h]sb \o hn´p-\n¬°pI.
5180
!1! tl, ]pX-®p-aq-Sn-b-h≥ !2! Fgp-t∂¬°pI
F∂n´v Xm°oXv sNøp-I, ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬IpI !3! \ns‚ d∫ns\
al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, XIv_o¿ \S-ØpI !4! \ns‚ hkv{X-ßsf
ip≤-am-°pI !5! in£sb (]m-]-ß-sf), tæ—-Xsb (hn-{K-l-ß-sf)
\o shSn-bp-I, ]pdw-X-≈pI
ôK~ŸG (]p-X-®p-aq-Sn-b-h≥) F∂v kwt_m-[\ sNbvXXv \_n -sb- ˜
Ø-s∂. CXn-\p≈ ImcWw apI-fn¬ D≤-cn® lZo-Yn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-b-
t√m. F∂m¬, Ign™ kqd-Øns‚ Bcw`-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se-
bp≈ Nne A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ChnsSbpw C√m-Xn-√. AXm-b-Xv, Izpssd-in-I-
˜
fpsS D]- { Zhw AXn- c p- I - h n- ™ - t ∏mƒ \_n hoń¬ h∂p ]pX- ® p-
InS∂psh∂pw ti-jw, B Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv CXv Ah-X-cn-®-sX-∂pw, Dd-
ßn-°n-S°
- p-tºm-gmWv Ah-Xc - n-®s
- X-∂pw. ]t£, taep-≤c
- n® lZoYv Cu A`n-
{]m-b-ßsf _e-lo-\-am-°p-∂p. aqSn-∏p-X-°p-hm≥ ImcWw F¥vXs∂ Bbn-
cp-∂mepw icn, hoń¬ aqSn-∏p-X-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m¬ t]mcm F∂pw, ]pd-Øn-
dßn P\-ßsf Xm°oXv sNbvIbpw, Znhy-Zu-Xy-Øns‚ `mcw Gs‰Sp°p-
Ibpw th≠-Xp-s≠∂pw CXn¬ kqN-\-Im-Wmw.
\_n Xncp-ta\n sb hnfn®p {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ˜

G¿s∏- ´ p- s Im- ≈ - W - s a∂v A√mlp I¬]n°p- I - b m- W - t √m. {]t_m- [ \
IrXyØns‚ c≠v {][m\ hi-ß-fs{X kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°epw
Xm°oXv sNøepw (QGòfE’Gh Ò°ûÑàdG) AYhm kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿a-ßfpw
kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Xn-^-e-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-
I-fpw, AXv c≠pw kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-h¿°v Ahs‚ in£m \S-]-Sn-I-sf-°p-dn®v
`b-hm¿ØIfpw Adn-bn-°¬. Cu c≠n¬ Xmc-X-tay\ Izp¿-B≥ ap≥K-W\
\¬In-°m-Wp-∂Xv Xm°oXn (QGòfE’G)s‚ hi-Øn-\m-Ip-∂p. P\-ßƒ A‘-hn-
izm-k-Ønepw A\m-Nm-c-Zp-cm-Nm-c-ß-fnepw apgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ thf-bn¬˛
At∏m-gm-Wt√m {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS {]t_m-[-\-kw-cw`w cwK-{]-thiw sNøp-
∂-Xv˛ AXn¬ \n∂v Ahsc ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cn°pw
kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw IqSp-X¬ ÿm\-ap-≈-Xv. (C-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq: Ilv^ns‚ BZy-
Øn¬ sh®pw a‰pw \mw apºv kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv Hm¿°p-I.) AXp-sIm≠v
{]t_m-[\ - I
- rXyw Bcw-`n-°p-∂X - n-\p≈ BZysØ Cu I¬]-\b - nepw Xm°o-
Xns‚ hi-Øn\v A√mlp ap≥K-W\ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v
A√m-lp-hns‚ al-XzsØ {]Io¿Ø\w sNøm-\p≈ I¬]-\-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.
temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-Øn\v ]Icw Ahs‚ Nne \n m-
c-kr-jvSn-I-fpsS al-Xzßsf {]Io¿Ø\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠pw, A√m-lp-hns‚
ÿm\w CX-c-h-kvXp-°ƒ°v I¬]n-®p-sIm≠pw Ign-™p-Iq-Sp∂ Hcp P\-
Xsb-bm-Wt√m \_n Xm°oXv sNøm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ ChnsS ˜
5181
C°mcyw \_n ˜sb {]tXyIw DW¿Øn-bXv hfsc kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-am-sW∂v
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√.
CXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, hkv{Xw ip≤n-bm-°pI (ô¡£a ∂HÉ«Kh) F∂ I¬]-

\bpw {it≤-b-a-s{X. ip≤n°pw shSn-∏n\pw Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw
CXn¬\n∂v Duln-°mw. Hcp apkvenw kZm-bvt∏mgpw amen-\y-ß-fn¬\n∂pw
Aip-≤-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ap‡-\m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. \a-kvIm-cmZn I¿a-th-f-I-
fn¬ hnti-jn-®pw. shfn-°n-dßn P\-ß-fp-ambn kº¿°w ]pe¿Øp-∂-hcpw
Xß-fpsS thj-h-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fn¬ ipNn-bpsS Imcyw {]tXyIw Ku\n-t°-≠-
Xp-≠v. Ah-cpsS CW-°hpw kzoI-c-Whpw e`n-°p-∂-Xn\v AX-Xym-h-iy-am-
Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw {]t_m-[\w sNøm-\p≈ I¬]-\-tbm-
sSm-∂n®v C°m-cyhpw A√mlp DW¿Øn-b-Xv. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS Ncy ˜
]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-]-£w, icocw, hkv{Xw, thjw, XmSn, apSn BZn-bm-b-
hsb√mw Xs∂ hrØn-bnepw shSp-∏nepw sh°p-∂-Xn¬ Xncp-ta-\n°v hfsc
\njvI¿j-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ImWmw. Cu hmIy-Øn\v Nne hywKm¿∞-
ßfpw Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ I¬]n-°m-dp-≠v. AXm-Wn-hnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂pw
Ah¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v ip≤-am-bn-cn-°p-I, a\ pw ico-
chpw ]cn-ip-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-I, D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hkv{Xw Ip‰-I-c-amb hgn°v
kºm-Zn-®-X-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I, sX‰mb hnj-b-ß-fn¬ hkv{X-ßsf D]-tbm-K-s∏-
Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°pI F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Nne kmc-ß-fm-W-h. samØ-Øn¬ F√mw
kzoIm-cy-hpw, XXz-Øn¬ Gsd-°psd tbmPn-∏p-≈Xpw Xs∂.
õLôdGF∂ hm°v "dpPvkv' F∂pw "dnPvkv' F∂pw ( º° dGh íàØdÉH) hmb-

\-bp-≠v. c≠m-bmepw B hm°n\v "in£, hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, ]m]w, amen-\yw,
_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\, InSn-ew-sIm-≈¬' F∂n-ßs\ ]e A¿∞-ßfpw hcp-
∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. (*) Ch-bn¬ H∂m-a-sØbpw c≠m-a-sØbpw A¿∞-amWv
hymJym-Xm-°ƒ s]mXp-hn¬ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, in£sb
AI∂v \n¬°pI F∂pw, hn{K-l-ßsf AI∂v \n¬°pI F∂pw, in£-
sIm-≠p-t±-iyw, in£m¿l-amb F√m ]m]-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p.
!6! A[nIw (e`n- ° p- h m≥)

tamln-®p-sIm≠v \o D]-Imcw (A-
Yhm Zm£n-Wyw) sNø-cp-Xv.
7! \ns‚ d∫n-\p-th≠n \o
£an®pw sIm≈p-I.
ÉgÒZh ~éæŸGh ÖZGôdG äGOôØeh ¢SƒeÉ≤dG ™LGQ (*)

5182
!6! \o D]-Imcw (Zm-£n-Wyw, \∑) sNø-cpXv A[nIw
tamln-®p-sIm-≠v, A[nIw \Sn-®p-sIm≠v !7! \ns‚ d∫n-\p-th≠n
\o £an-°pI
P\-ß-fn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ e`y-ap≠mIpw, As√-¶n¬ D≠m-hWw F∂
Dt±-iy-tØmsS h√ D]-Im-ctam Zm£n-Wytam sNø-cpXv; A√m-lp-hns‚
{]oXnbpw s]mcp-Øhpw am{Xw Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww AXv; A√m-lp-
hns‚ {]oXn e`n-°p-hm-\mbn Ahs‚ am¿K-Øn¬ £abpw kl-\hpw
ssIs°m-≈Ww F∂v kmcw. k¬°m-cy-ßƒ h√Xpw sNøp-tºmƒ AXv
Iptd A[n-Ia- m-bn-´p-s≠∂ \mSyw D≠m-bn-cn-°m-sX, Ft∏mgpw t]mcm t]mcm
F∂ hnNm-c-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°Ww sNøp-∂Xv F∂pw, 6 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v
hymJym\w \¬Is∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
!8! F∂m¬, Iml-f-Øn¬ apg-

°-s∏-´m¬ [DuX-s∏-´m¬],˛
9! At∏m- g - X v ˛ A∂sØ
Znhkw {]bm-k-I-c-amb Hcp Znh-
k-am-bn-cn°pw!˛
10! Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬
\n m-c-a-√mØ (Zn-h-kw)!
8! F∂m¬ apg° (Du-X)-s∏-´m¬ Iml-f-Øn¬!9!

F∂m-eXv A∂sØ Znhkw sRcp-ßnb ({]-bm-k-I-c-
am-b) Hcp Znh-k-amWv !10! Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ta¬
\n mcw (F-fp-∏w˛ eLp) A√mØ
Iznbm- a - Ø v - \ m- f n- s \- ° p- d n- ® mWv ]d- b p- ∂ - s X∂v hy‡w. Camw

AlvaZpw (d), C_v\pPcodpw (d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. \_n
˜
]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: "sImºns‚ Bƒ˛ Iml-f-Øn¬ DuXp-hm≥ \ntbm-Kn-
°-s∏´ ae-°v˛ Xt∂mSv Ft∏m-gmWv DuXp-hm≥ I¬]n-°-s∏Sp∂-sX-¶n¬
At∏mƒ DuXp-hm≥th≠n ImØn-cp-∂p-sIm≠v sImºv hmbn¬ sh°p-I-
bpw, s\‰n Npfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. B ÿnXn°v Rm≥ Fßs\
kpJ-Po-hn-Xw-sIm≈pw?!' kzlm-_n-Iƒ tNmZn®p: "Rßƒ F¥v sNø-W-
sa- ∂ mWv Ahn- S p∂v Rß- t fmSv I¬]n- ° p- ∂ Xv ? ' Xncp- t a\n ]d™p:
"Rßƒ°v A√mlp aXn. Ah≥ `c-ta-ev]n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ F{Xtbm \√-h≥
Xs∂. Rßƒ A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta¬ `c-ta¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.' π«cƒdG º©fh ¬∏dG ÉæÑ°ùM
5183
Éæ∏cƒJ ¬∏dG ≈∏YF∂v ]d-™p-sIm-≈p-hn≥.
XpS¿∂p-ff (11 apX¬ 30 hsc) hN-\-ßƒ heo-Zp_v\p apKodx

(IÒë øH ~«dh)-bpsS hnj-b-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-Xm-sW∂v ImWn-°p∂ sNdpXpw hep-
Xpamb ]e cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw ImWmw. Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ s]mXp-hn¬
AXw-Ko-I-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. CXn¬ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ `n∂n-∏n-s√∂v Camw
dmko (d) {]kvXm-hn-°bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. {]kvXpX cnhm-bØ - p-If
- n¬ C_v\p
Pco¿ D≤-cn® Hcp cnhm-b-Øns‚ kmcw C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: heo-Zp_v\p apKodx
\_n˜bpsS ASp°¬ hcn-Ib - p-≠m-bn. Xncp-ta\n Ah\v Izp¿B≥ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-
®p. AXp-tI´v Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\v Aen-hp-≠m-b-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. Cu hnhcw
A_q-Plen\p-In-ń, Ah≥ heo-Zns‚ ASp-°¬ sN∂p(-]-cn-lm-tk\) Cßs\
]d™p:-˛"Hm,-]n-Xr-hym,-\n-ß-fpsS P\-ßƒ \nßƒ°v Ipd®p [\w Xcm≥ Dt±-
in-°p∂p' heoZv ]d™p:"F¥n-\mWv?' A_q-Plv¬: "\nßƒ°v Xcm≥ Xs∂.
Imc-Ww, \nßƒ apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]°-ep-≈Xv e`n-°p-hm≥th≠n Ahs‚ ASp-
°¬ sN∂n-cp-∂p-ht√m!' heoZv: "Rm≥ Izpssd-in-I-fn¬sh®v [mcmfw [\-ap-
≈-h-\m-sW∂v Ah¿°-dn-bm-a-t√m.' A_q-Plv¬: "F∂m¬, Xm¶ƒ Ah≥ ]d-
bp-∂X - n-t\mSv {]Xn-tj-[hpw shdp-∏p-ap≈ Bfm-sW∂v Ah¿°v Adn-bp-hm-\mbn
apl-Ω-Zn-s\-∏‰n h√ A`n-{]m-bhpw ]d-b-Ww.' heoZv: "Rm≥ Ah-s\-°p-dn®v
F¥v ]d-bm-\mWv? A√m-lp-X-s∂-bmW! \nß-fn-sem-cmfpw Xs∂ Fs∂-°mƒ
IhnX Adn-bp-∂-h-cpw, ]Zytam ]mt´m Adn-bp-∂-hcpw A√. Pn∂p-I-fpsS IhnX
Adn-bp-∂-h-cp-a-√. A√m-lp-hmW! Ah≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v Ch-bn¬ H∂n-t\mSpw
kmay-an√ Xs∂. A√m-lp-hmW! Ah≥ ]d-bp∂ hm°n\v Hcp am[p-cy-ap-≠v.
AXn-bmbn H∂pw \ne-sIm-≈p-I-bn√' A_p-Plv¬: "F∂m¬ A√m-lp-hmW!
\nßƒ Ah-s\-∏‰n h√Xpw ]d-bmsX \nß-fpsS P\X Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√.'
heoZv: "icn, Fs∂-hn-t´-°p-I. Rm≥ Btem-Nn-°s´' Aß-s\, Ah≥ Ipsd
Btem-Nn-®n´v ]d™p: "AXv a‰v Nne-cn¬\n∂v {]am-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂ "knlv¿'
(am-c-Ww) A√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√.'(√ÒZ øYôKDƒj ôë°S ’EG Gòg ¿EG) Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬
â≤∏N øeh ÊQP apX¬ ô°ûY á©°ùJ hsc 11 ˛ 30 hN-\-ßƒ) Ah-X-cn-®p.
heoZv aXw amdn-t∏m-bn, F\n Izpssd-in-I-sf√mw aXw amdn-tb-°p-at√m

F∂v P\-kw-km-ca - p-≠m-bt- ∏m-gmWv A_q-Plv¬ heo-Zns\ kao-]n-®s- X-∂pw,
hfsc Btem-Nn-®-ti-j-amWv heoZv ta¬I-≠-Xp-t]m-ep≈ adp-]Sn ]d-™-
sX∂pw thsdmcp cnhm-bØ - n¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. as‰m-cp cnhm-bØ
- ns‚ Npcp°w
CXmWv: \_n -bn¬\n∂v heoZv tI´Xv "lmaow kPZx' F∂ A≤ym-b-am- ˜
bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ AXn¬ BIr-jvS-\m-Ip-Ibpw Izp¿-Bs\ {]iw-kn-®p-sIm≠v
{]kvXm-h\ sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp-tI´t∏mƒ Ah≥ apkvenam-bn-´p-
s≠∂v IcpXn Izpssd-in-Iƒ°v ]cn-{`-a-am-bn. ]e {]Im-c-Ønepw Ah¿
Ahs\ Cf-°n-hn-Sp-hm≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ heoZv Xs‚ AS-hp-am-‰n. \_n
˜
-sb-∏‰n {`m¥-s\-∂pw, tPm¬ky-s\∂pw, Ihn-sb∂pw Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sm-
5184
dp-≈-Xns\ Ah≥ Hmtcm \ymbw ]d™v JWvUn®p kwkm-cn-®p. A\-¥-
˜
cw, \_n sb Hcp amc-W-°m-c≥ ("km-ln¿') BsW∂v ka¿∞n-®p. \_n
˜ bn¬ hniz-kn®p Ign™ Bfp-I-fpw, Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-ßfpw XΩn¬
kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw D≠m-Ip∂ `n∂n∏pIsf Ah≥ AXn\v sXfn-hmbn FSp-
Øp-Im-´p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Izpssdiv tKm{X-Øn¬ _\q-aJvkqw (Ωhõfl ƒæH) imJ-bnse hºn®
[\m-Vy\pw t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp∂p heo-Zv. hfsc I®-hSßfpw Irjn-\n-e-ßfpw
Ah-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a°x-bp-sS-bpw, XzmC-^n-s‚bpw CS-bn¬ ]e ÿeØpw
BSp-am-sSm-´-I-ßƒ, IpXn-c-Iƒ, ASn-a-Iƒ BZn-bmb hºn® kzØp-°ƒ
thsdbpw, {]m]vXcpw i‡-cp-amb F´p]Øv Bä-°fpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p.
Ah-cn¬ Jmen-Zv, lnimw, Dam-dØv (`°VQ-IQÉªY , ΩÉ°ûg ,~dÉN) F∂o aq∂v t]¿
Ckvemw kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-Wv. kpJ-k-ºq¿Whpw D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-
am-bn-cp∂ heo-Zns‚ Zo¿L-Im-esØ Pohn-Xw, Xs‚ t]cpw {]i-kvXnbpw
\nanØw "Izpssd-in-I-fpsS hmk-\-s®Sn'(¢ûjôb áëjQ) Fs∂mcp Io¿Øn-
\mawt]mepw heoZv kºm-Zn-®n-cp-∂p. AtX ka-bØv \_n -bp-sSbpw ˜
Ckveman-s‚bpw AXn-IT - n-\a
- mb i{Xp-hp-am-bn-cp∂p heoZv. A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-
t\m-Sp≈ shdp-∏ns‚ ImTn\yw Xmsg hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!11! Fs∂- b pw, Rm≥ GI-
\mbn (kz- ¥ w) krjv S n- ® p- ≠ m-
°nb Hcp-h-s\bpw (A-ßv) hnt´-
°pI [Ahs‚ Imcyw Rm≥ G‰p-
sIm≈mw]!˛
12! Ah\v ([m- c m- f - a m- b n)
Ab-®n-´p sImSp-°-s∏´ [\hpw
Rm≥ D≠m- ° n- s °m- S p- Ø n- c n-
°p∂p;˛
13! k∂- ≤ - c mb (Ip- t d)
]p{X≥am-scbpw (sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-
∂p);˛
14! Rm≥ Ah\v Hcp (\-√)
kuIcyw kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-
Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
15! ]ns∂bpw Rm≥ h¿≤n-
∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ tamln-
®p-sIm-≠p-an-cn-°p∂p!
5185
!16! th≠m! Ah≥ \ΩpsS
BbØv [e£yw]-It- fmSv [n°m-
c-°m-c-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p!
17! Rm≥ Ahs\ Ib‰w
Ib-dp-hm≥ [sRcp°w A\p-`-hn-
°p-hm≥] hgnsb \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv.
11! Fs∂ hnt´-°pI Rm≥ krjvSn-®n-´p≈ Hcp-h-s\bpw
GI-\m-bn-s°m≠v !12! Rm≥ B°n (D-≠m-°n)s°mSp-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp Ah\v [\w, kzØv Ab®p (\o-ń-bn´v) sImSp-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp, sImSp°-s∏-´-Xmb!13! ]p{X≥am-scbpw k∂-
≤-cm-b, Xøm-dp-ff (tbm-Ky-cm-b)!14! Rm≥ kuI-cys∏SpØn, icn-
s∏-SpØn Ah\v Hcp kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Ø¬!15! ]ns∂bpw
Ah≥ tamln-°p∂p Rm≥ h¿≤n-∏n®p sImSp-°p-hm≥, sImSp-°p-
sa∂v!16! th≠m, Aß-s\-b√ \n›bw Ah-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p
\ΩpsS Bb-Øp-I-tfmSv [n°m-cn, a’-c-°m-c≥!17! hgnsb
Rm\-hs\ \n¿_-‘n-°pw, t{]cn-∏n°pw Ib‰w (Np-cw) tIdm≥, sRcp-
°-Øn\v
a‰m-cp-sSbpw ]t¶m klm-btam IqSmsX Rm≥ t\¿°vXs∂
Ahs\ krjvSn-®p-≠m°n; [mcm-f-°-W-°n¬ kº¬k-ar-≤nbpw \¬In;
F¥n\pw k∂-≤cpw tbmKy-cp-amb Iptd ]p{X≥am-scbpw \¬In; F∂vt- h≠
hnhn-[-X-c-Øn-ep≈ t£ssa-iz-cy-ßfpw ÿm\-am-\-ßfpw ssIh-cp-am-dp≈
kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ G¿s∏-SpØns°mSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; CsX-√m-
ap-≠m-bn´v ]ns∂bpw Ah≥ F∂n¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ h¿≤-am\w tamln®pw
{]Xo-£n-®pw-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CsXm-s°-bm-bn´pw Ah≥ AXn\v
\µnbpw Iqdpw ImWn-°p-∂n-s√∂v am{X-a-√, \ΩpsS e£y-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fp-
sS-t\sc [n°m-chpw am’-cy-hp-amWv kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. th≠m! AX-h\v \√-
Xn-\-√, B hymtam-l-ß-sfms° Aßv hnt´°-s´, Ahs\ \mw shdpsX
hnSp-sa∂v Ah≥ Icp-tX-≠. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Ak-ly-amb in£-bm-
Ip∂ h≥Np-c-Øn¬ Ahs\ \mw \n¿_-‘n®p Ib-‰p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw F∂v
kmcw.
Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®Xv heo-Zp_v\p apKo-d-xbpsS hnj-b-Øn-

em-sW∂v apI-fn¬ \mw I≠p-ht- √m. F∂m¬ Ch-bn-eS- ß
- nb Bt£-]ß - fpw
Xm°o-Xp-Ifpw Ah-\p-am{Xw _m[-I-am-Ip-∂-X-√. GsX-¶nepw hN-\-ß-fpsS
5186
Ah-X-c-W-tlXp Hcp {]tXyI hy‡n-tbm, {]tXyI kw`-htam Bbn-s°m-
≈-s´, AXnse Bi-bhpw hn[nbpw s]mXp-hn¬ _m[-I-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-
Xn¬ H´pw kwi-b-an-√. A√mlp \¬Inb kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw A\p-{K-l-
ßfpw Bkz-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw, AXn\v \µn-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw
Ah-s\bpw Ahs‚ ktµ-i-ß-sfbpw [n°-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂
GXv hº≥am¿°pw _m[-I-as{X Cu hN-\-ß-fnse Xm°o-Xv. Cu hN-\-
ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw, heo-Zns‚ [\-Ønepw a°-fnepw A[x-]-X\w
t\cn-´p-sIm-≠mWv Ah≥ arXn-b-S-™-sX∂v apJm-Øn¬ (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-
Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. kz¥w a\- m-£nsb h©n-®p-sIm-≠v˛
P\m-\p-Iq-eyhpw t\Xr-ÿm-\hpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm≥th≠n ˛A-h≥ sNbvX
Ir{Xn-a-amb A`n-\-b-ßsf Xmsg hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp hºn® Aa¿j-
tØm-Sp-IqSn Xpd-∂p-Im-´p∂p:˛
!18! Imc-Ww, Ah≥ Nn¥n®p;
(Hcp cq]w) IW- ° m- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXp.
19! AXn-\m¬, Ah≥ sIme-
s∏-Ss´ [\in-°s´]! Fß-s\-bm-
W-h≥ IW-°m-°n-bXv?!
20! ]ns∂bpw [ho≠pw]
Ah≥ sIme-s∏-Ss´ [\in-°s´]!
Fß- s \- b m- W - h ≥ IW- ° m- ° n-
bXv?!
21! ]n∂o-S-h≥ (H-∂v) t\m°n;
22! ]ns∂, Ah≥ (ap- J w)

Npfn- ° p- I bpw Cdp- I n- ® p- f p- ß p-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
23!]ns∂, Ah≥ ]nt∂m´v
amdp-I-bpw, Alw`mhw \Sn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
24! F∂n´v ]d™p: "CXv
{]am-Wn®v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ "knlvd'
√msX (a- s ‰m∂pw) A√.'[a‰m-
cn¬\nt∂m tI´p D≤-cn-°s - ∏-Sp∂
amcWw am{X-amWv Cu Izp¿-B≥.]
5187
!25! CXv a\p-jys‚ hm°-
√msX (th-sdm-∂pw) A√.
18! \n›-b-ambpw (Im-c-Ww) Ah≥ Nn¥n®p IW-°m-°pI
(k-¶¬]n-°p-I˛ A\p-am-\n-°p-I-bpw sNbvXp!19! AXn-\m¬ Ah≥
sIme-s∏-Ss´ (\-in-°-s´, i]n-°-s∏-S-s´, Xpe-b-s´) Fß-s\-bmWv
Ah≥ IW-°m-°n, A\p-am-\n-®p, k¶¬]n®p!20! ]ns∂ (ho-≠pw)
Ah≥ sIme-s∏Ss´ Ah≥ Fß-s\-bmWv IW-°m-°n-bXv !21!
]ns∂ Ah≥ t\m°n !22! ]ns∂ Ah≥ apJw Npfn®p
Np°n-®p-fp-ßpI (C-dp-°p-I˛ IqSp-X¬ Npfn-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp!23!
]n∂o-S-h≥ ]nt∂m°w Xncn-™p, ]nt∂m-´p-amdn Alw`mhw (A-l-
¶m-cw) \Sn-°bpw sNbvXp !24! F∂n´v Ah≥ ]d™p CX√
knlv¿ (B-`n-Nm-cw˛ amc-Ww˛ Pme-hn-Zy) A√msX {]am-Wn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂, D≤-cn®p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ !25! CX√ hm°v (h-N-\w)
A√msX a\p-jys‚
˜
\_n bn¬ \n∂v Izp¿B≥ tI´-t∏mƒ AXv Znhy-h-N-\w-X-s∂-
bm-sW∂v Ah\v BZyw t_m[y-am-bn-cp-∂p. A\-¥cw Iq´p-Imsc Xr]vXn-
s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ k¬t]cpw Io¿Ønbpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-
hm\pw th≠n a\- m£n ]W-b-s∏-SpØn If-hp-sI-ń-∏-d-bp-hm≥ ss[cy-s∏-
ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A¬]w apºv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-cp∂ B A`n-{]m-bw˛ AXv a\p-
jy-s‚tbm Pn∂n-s‚tbm hmIy-ß-f√ F∂ A`n-{]m-bw˛ Ct∏mƒ am‰n-∏-d-
tb≠n h∂n-cn-°-bm-Wv. Aßs\ Ahs‚ lrZbw Ahs\ Aeń, Iptd
Nn¥n-®p. C∂n-∂-{]-Im-c-aßv ]d-™p-I-f-bm-sa∂v a\- p-sIm≠v kzcq-]n®p
IW-°m-°n. a\- m£n Ahs\ Ae-ń-s°m-≠n-cp∂p. BZysØ {]kvXm-h-
\-Iƒ am‰n-∏-d-b-W-a-t√m. Aßs\ hnj-a-Øn¬s]´v ho≠pw Btem-Nn-°p-
I-bm-bn. Iptd apJw Npfn-°pw, s\‰n-Np-fp-ßpw, apJw Idp-°pw, Np°n-®p-fp-
ßpw. HSp°w kXy-Øn¬ \n∂v ]n≥am-dp-hm≥ Xs∂ Dd-®p. DØ-cw Inń-
t∏mbn F∂ Al-¶m-c-tØmsS sRfn-™p-\n∂v hn[n ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®p: "apl-
Ω-Zns‚ ]°¬\n∂v tIƒ°p∂ Cu hmIy-ßƒ knlvdn√m-sX˛ amc-W-a-√m-
sX˛ as‰m-∂p-a-√.'(A-Xp-sIm-≠mWv BZyw Rm≥ AXn-sem∂v ab-ßn-t∏m-b-
Xv.) GtXm Nne amc-W-°m-cn¬\n∂v {]am-Wn-®p-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv CXv.
CXv a\p-jy-\n¿an-Xw-X-s∂. AX-√msX Znhy-h-N-\-sam∂pw A√.
"im]-a-S-b-s´, \in-°-s´, Xpe™p t]mIs´' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈

A¿∞-Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp hm°mWv πàb ("Izp-Xne' = sIme-s∏-S-
5188
s´) F∂ hm°v. shdp-∏nepw hntZz-j-Øn-ep-sam-s°-bm-WXv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-
≈-Xv. Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ kt¥mj kqN-I-ambpw AtX hm°v Ad-_n-Iƒ
D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. ChnsS Atß-A‰w Aa¿j-tØmSpw tIm]-tØmSpw IqSn-
bmWv AXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂s - X∂v hy‡-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp
B hm°v Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. hmsf-SpØv t\cn¬ bp≤w sNbvI-bpw,
apJm-ap-J-ambn ]e-Xcw A{I-a-ßƒ Agn®p hnSp-Ibpw sNbvX F{Xtbm
i{Xp-°ƒ apivcn°p-If - n-ep-≠v. ]t£, a\- m-£nsb h©n-®p-sIm≠v C{Xbpw
]c-ky-ambn kXysØ aqSn-sh® [n°m-cn-I-fmb t\Xm-°ƒ Ch-s\-t∏mse
A[n-Iw-t]¿ D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv in¿°ns‚ CX-c-
t\-Xm-°-sf-°p-dn-s®m∂pw ImWm-Ø{X i‡-amb `mj-bn¬ Ah-s\-°p-dn®v
A√mlp Bt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. (Ö° Z øe ¬∏dÉH Pƒ©f)
ôë°S ("knlv¿') F∂ hm°v "Pmew, sN∏-Sn-hn-Zy, amc-Ww, hio-I-c-Ww,

B`n-Nmcw' F∂n-ßs\ ]e A¿∞-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-Sm-dp-≠v. bmYm¿∞yw
a\- n-em-hmØ D]mb X{¥-ßƒs°√mw samØ-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≈ Hcp
hm°m-WX - v. kµ¿`w t\m°n Dt±iyw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂X
- m-Wv. Izp¿-B≥ knlvdm-
sW∂ hmZ-Øn\v taep-≤-cn® cnhm-b-Øn¬ heoZv \¬Inb \ymbo-I-c-Ww, AXp-
˜
ap-tJ\ IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ°nS-bn¬ \_n `n∂n-∏p-≠m-°n-Øo¿°p-∂p-sh-∂m-
W-t√m. AXp-sIm-≠mWv \mw ChnsS AXn\v amcWw F∂v hnh¿Ø\w \¬In-
b-Xv. sFln-I-amb Imcy-em-`-Øn-\p-th≠n Izp¿-Bs\ [n°-cn® B ZpjvSlr-
ZbØn\v A√mlp hºn® Xm°oXv \¬Ip∂p:˛
!26! hgnsb Rm\-hs\ "kIz-

dn¬' [\c-I-Øn¬] C´p Fcn-°p-
∂-Xm-Wv.
27! "kIz¿" F∂m- s e- ¥ m-
sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw!?˛
!28!AXv (H-∂n-s\-bpw) _m°n-
bm- ° p- I - b n√; hn´p- I - f - b p- I - b p-
an√;˛
29! sXmensb Fcn®p (am-‰w-
h-cp-Øn) If-bp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
30!AXn-s‚-ta¬ (t\m-´-Øn-
\v) ]sØm-ºXv t]cp-≠v.
26! hgnsb Rm\-hs\ C´v Icn-°pw, C´pIm®pw kIz-dn¬
!27! \n\°v F¥-dn-bmw, \n\°v Adnhv \¬In-bXv F¥mWv
5189
kIz¿ F¥m-sW∂v !28! AXv _m°n-sh-°p-I-bn√ hn´p-I-f-
bp-I-bp-an√ !29! Fcn®p (I-cn-®p) If-bp-∂-Xm-Wv, am‰w hcp-Øp-∂-Xm-
Wv, Icn-h¿W-am-°p-∂-XmWv sXmensb !30! AXns‚ taep≠v
]sØm-ºXv t]¿
\c-I-Øn\v ]e t]cp-Ifpw Izp¿-B-\n¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xn¬ H∂s{X "kIz¿'
(ô≤°S). F√m t]cp-I-sfbpw t]mse, CXpw \c-I-Øns‚ D{K-Xbpw ImTn-\yhpw
Ipdn-°p-∂p."Dcp-°n-°-f-bp-∂-Xv, Icn-®p-I-f-bp-∂Xv'Fs∂m-s°-bmWv AXn\v
]Zm¿∞w. (äGOôØŸG ‘ Éªc) GsXmcp hkvXp-hm-I-s´, AXns\ \c-I-Øn-en-´m¬
AX-Xns\ Fcn-®p-I-f-bmsX _m°n sh°p-I-bm-Is´, hn´p-I-f-bp-I-bm-Is´
sNbvI-bn-√. sXmen-I-fn-te°v Bfn-s®∂v AXn-thKw AXns\ Icn®p \ndw-
am‰w hcpØn Icn-a-b-am-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS A·n-sb-°mfpw F{Xtbm aSßv
D{K-X-c-amWv \c-Im-·n. F∂n-cn-°nepw AXn-\m¬ in£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ \nXy-
bm-X-\-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-√msX AXn¬ Ah≥ ac-W-S-bp-
∂-X-√.-h√ hn{i-ahpw e`n-°p-tam, AXp-an-√. (≈∏YC’G) ≈«ëj ’h É¡«a äƒÁ ’ (Hcn-°epw
ac-W-a-S-bp-I-bn√; Pohn-°p-I-bp-an-√.) CXv \c-Im-·n-bpsS Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bmWv.
am{X-a-√, \nc-¥cw in£ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xn-\mbn Ah-cpsS sXmen-Iƒ sh¥p-
I-cn-bp-tºm-tg°pw A√mlp thsd sXmen-Isf ]Icw D≠m-°p-I-bpw sNøp-
∂- X mWv . (46:AÉ°ùædG-ÜGò©dG Gƒbhò«d ÉgÒZ GOƒ∏L ºgÉæd~H ºgOƒ∏L âé° f Éª∏c) AXns‚
ta¬t\m´w hln-°p-∂-h-cm-I-s´, ]cp-j-kz-`m-hn-Ifpw ITn\≥am-cp-amb ae-°p-
I-fp-am-Ip-∂p.) (ËôëàdG-ïdG OG~°T ®ÓZ áµFÓe É¡«∏Y) Cu ta¬t\m-´-°m-cmb ae-°p-I-
sf-°p-dn-®mWv "]sØm-º-Xp-t]-cp≠v' F∂v ChnsS A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®-Xv.
Ch-cpsS FÆw ]sØm-º-Xm°n \n›-bn-®-Xns‚ clkyw F¥m-sW∂v
\ap°v Adn-™p-IqSm, A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xta Adn-bq. F¶nepw AXn-hnsS
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xn-e-S-ßnb Nne cl-ky-ßƒ ASp-Ø-h-N-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Nq≠n-
°m-´p-∂p-≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!31! \c-I-Øns‚ (ta¬t\m-´-
°m-cm-b) Bƒ°msc \mw ae-°p-
I-f-√msX B°n-bn-ń√; Ah-cpsS
FÆw Ahn- i z- k n- ® - h ¿°v Hcp
]co-£-W-a-√m-sXbpw B°n-bn-ń-
√. (AsX) thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏-
ń-´p-≈h¿ ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-°p-
hm- \ pw, hniz- k n- ® n- ´ p- ≈ - h ¿°v
hnizmkw h¿≤n-°p-hm-\pw,˛
5190
thZ- { KŸw \¬I- s ∏- ´ - h cpw
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw ktµ-l-s∏-Sm-
Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p-am-Ip∂p (A-Xv). (Iq-
Sm-sX)"lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ (Hcp Xcw)
tcmK-ap-≈-hcpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw
CXp-aqew Fs¥mcp D]-a-bmWv
A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv'F∂v
]d-bp-hm≥th-≠n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
A{]- I m- c w, A√mlp Ah≥

Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-I-
bpw, Ah≥ Dt±- i n- ° p- ∂ - h sc
k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. \ns‚ d∫ns‚ ssk\y-ßsf
Ah-\-√msX (B-cpw) Adn-bp-∂-X-
√. CXv a\p-jy¿°v Hcp kvacW
(A-Yhm D]-tZ-iw) A√msX (a-
s‰m-∂pw) A√-Xm-\pw.
31! \mw B°n-bn-ń√ \c-I-Øns‚ Bƒ°msc

ae-°p-I-f-√msX \mw B°n-bn-ń√ Ah-cpsS FÆw
Hcp ]co-£-W-a-√msX Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°v Dd-∏m-°p-
hm≥, ZrV-am-°p-hm≥th≠n \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ thZ-{KŸw
A[n-I-cn-°m\pw hniz-kn-®-h¿(-°v) hnizm-kw, hnizm-k-Øm¬
kwi-b-s∏-SmsX Ccn-°p-hm\pw thZ-{KŸw \¬I-
s∏-´-h¿ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpw ]d-bp-hm≥ th≠nbpw
bmsXm-cp-h¿ Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-ep≠v (H-cp-X-cw) tcmKw
Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Fs¥m-∂mWv Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
A√mlp CXp-sIm-≠v, CXn-\m¬ D]-a, DZm-l-c-W-am-bn´v A{]-
Im-cw, A√m-lp- hgn]ng-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-
hsc Ah≥ k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøpw Ah≥ Dt±-in-
°p-∂-hsc Adn-bp-I-bn√ \ns‚ d∫ns‚ ssk\y-ßsf
5191
Ah-\-√msX AXv (C-h˛ Ah) A√ D]-tZiw (kva-c-
W) A√msX a\pjy¿°v
\c-I-Øns‚ ta¬t\m´w hln-°p-hm≥ G¬]n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv

]sØm-ºXv ae-°p-I-fm-sW∂v A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-t√m. CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ
A_q-Plv¬ Xs‚ Bfp-I-tfmSv: "\nß-fn¬ Hmtcm ]Øp-t]¿°pw Ah-cn¬
Hmtcm-cp-Øsc ]nSn-®S- °
- n-°qtS!' F∂pw, thsdm-cp-h≥ "]Xn-t\-gp-t]sc Rm≥
XSp-Øp-sIm-≈mw, _m°n c≠p-t]-cp-sS Imcyw \nßƒ°pw Bbn-°qtS?!'
F∂pw a‰pw ]cn-l-kn®p ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-sb∂v Nne cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ h∂n-
cn-°p-∂p.
\c-I-Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-°m¿ ae-°p-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv˛ AYhm a\p-

jytcm at‰m A√˛ F∂v A√mlp BZy-ambn Nq≠n-°m-ń. Hcp ae-°n-s\-
t∏mepw t\cn-Sp-hmt\m sNdp-Øp-\n¬°p-hmt\m a\p-jy¿°v km[y-a√. F∂n-
cn-s°, ]sØm-ºXv t]cn¬\n∂v Fßs\ c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ignbpw? AXp-
sIm≠v Ah-cn¬\n∂v Bsc-¶nepw c£-s∏-t´-°p-sa∂v Icp-tX-≠. F∂n-ß-
s\-bp≈ Hcp kqN\ CXn¬ ASßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]sØm-ºXv F∂ FÆw
FSp-Øp-]-d-™-Xn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw GsX-¶nepw
Xc-Øn-ep-ff kwi-b-Ønt\m Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Ønt\m Ah-Im-i-an-√. F¥p-
sIm≠v ]sØm-º-Xm-bn, As√-¶n¬ Ccp-]tXm \qtdm Bbn-√. F∂n-XymZn
hna¿i-\-ß-sfm∂pw Ah-cn¬\n-∂p-≠m-hm-\n-√. A√mlp ]d-™Xv A∏Sn
kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw hniz-kn-°p-hm\pw Ah¿ XnI®pw k∂-≤-cm-Wv. F∂m¬
Ahn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AsXmcp ]co-£Ww am{X-am-sW∂v
XpS¿∂v {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu c≠v apJ-hp-c-Iƒ°v tijw hnjbw
Iptd-°qSn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv ASpØ hmIy-ß-fn¬ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
AXm-bXv: thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏-´-h¿°v Izp¿-B-\n-ep≈ hnizmkw ZrV-I-c-
am-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ AXv D]-I-cn-°p-∂p. Imc-Ww, AhcpsS ]°-ep≈ {KŸ-
ßƒ aptJ\ AXv Ah¿°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. Izp¿-B\pw
AtXmSv tbmPn-®p-Im-Wp-tºmƒ Ah¿°Xv IqSp-X¬ t_m[yhpw kzoIm-cyhpw
Bbn-cn-°p-a-t√m. ap≥ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ Cu hnhcw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv
A√mlp C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®-sX∂v C_v\p-A-∫mkv (d), IzØmZx (d),
apPm-lnZv (d) F∂n-h-cn¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\ßƒ h∂n-´p-≠v. a‰v ]e-Xp-sa-∂-
t]m-se, C∂sØ ss__vfpI-fn¬ CXv ImW-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xn\v ImcWw hy‡-
am-Wv. ]t£, Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-°p∂ ImesØ thZ-°m¿°v C°mcyw
s]mXp-hn¬ Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah¿ AXns\
FXn¿°m-Xn-cp-∂-sX∂pw kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. CXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒ°v AXv hnizmkw h¿≤n-°p-hm\pw CS-bm-Ip-∂p. Izp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-
h-\I- sf thZ-°m¿ icn-sh®p ImWp-∂X - pw, \c-Ii
- n-£b
- psS ImTn-\y-sØbpw
5192
kz`m-h-sØbpw Ipdn®v Adn-bp-∂Xpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hnizm-k-h¿≤\-
hn\v Imc-W-am-Ip∂p; IqSm-sX, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v Ah-X-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p∂ Hmtcm ktµ-ihpw Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øn¬ h¿≤-\-hp-≠m-°p-∂p.
∫ÉØfC’G-ÉfÉÁEG º¡JOGR ¬JÉjGA º¡«∏Y â«∏J GPEGh (A-h-cpsS ta¬ Ahs‚ Bb-Øp-Iƒ HmXn-
t°ƒ∏n-°-s∏-´m¬ AX-h¿°v hnizm-ksØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.) Aßs\
Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw˛ thZ-°m¿°pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw˛ ktµ-lØ - n-t\m, Bi-
b-°p-g-∏-Ønt\m Ah-Im-i-an-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. ]co-£-W-Øns‚ Hcp hi-
as{X CXv.
t\sc-a-dn®v lrZ-b-Øn¬ tcmK-ap-≈-h-cmb I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw

kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fmb Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-am-I-s´, Cu {]kvXm-h-\-aqew Bi-
b-°p-g-∏hpw IpX¿°-hp-am-bn-cn°pw h¿≤n-°p-I. ]co-£-W-^-e-Øns‚ adp-
h-ia
- m-Wn-Xv. Aß-s\, Ah¿ ]d-t™°pw: CsX-s¥mcp D]-ab - mWv? CXns‚
Dt±iy-sa-¥m-bn-cn°pw? F¥mWv Hcp ]sØm-ºX - ns‚ IW°v? F¥p-sIm≠v
HscÆw IqSn-t®¿Øv Ccp-]Xv XnI-®n√ .... Fs∂m-s°. CXn\v A√mlp
\¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn {it≤-b-am-Ip∂p:
(1) Cß-s\-bp≈ ]co-£-W-ßƒ aptJ\ A√mlp Dt±-in-®-hsc

Ah≥ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-hsc Ah≥ k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AsX, klr-Z-b≥am¿°v t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-°p-hm-\pw,
ZpjvS≥am¿°v hgn-]n-g®p sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-hm\pw AXv Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
(2) A√m-lp-hns‚ ssk\y-ßƒ GsXm-s°-bm-Wv, F{X-bm-Wv, Ah-

cpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ Fs¥-√m-amWv Fs∂ms° Ah≥ am{Xta Adn-bp-I-
bp-≈q. Hmtcm Xc-Øn-ep≈ Bcm-[\m I¿a-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂
ae-°p-Iƒ C√mØ Hcp ÿehpw Ggv BIm-i-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ C√ F∂pw
˜
a‰pw \_n {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈Xv ChnsS kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. (A; Xn; P)
F∂n-cn-s°, Ah-sc-°p-dn®v A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ hniz-
kn-°p-Ibpw kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bp-a-√msX AXn-s\-∏‰n tNmZyw sNømt\m IqSp-
X¬ N¿® \S-Øp-hmt\m B¿°pw \ymbtam Ah-Im-itam C√. A°q-´-
Øn¬ \c-I-Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-°msc ]sØm-º-Xm-°n-b-Xns‚ cl-kyhpw
Ah\v am{Xta Adn-™p-Iq-Sp. F\n "Ccp-]Xv' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-™m¬
At∏mgpw "F¥v sIm≠m-WXv' F∂v Ch¿ tNmZn-®p-Iq-Sm-bvI-bn-√-t√m.
(3) \c-I-sØ-°p-dn®pw AXnse Imh¬°m-sc-°p-dn®pw a‰p-ap≈

CØcw {]kvXm-h-\-I-sfm∂pw X¿°-Ønt\m hna¿i-\-Ønt\m hnj-b-am-
bn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. P\-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-°pI am{X-am-Wv Ah-bpsS e£yw.
CjvS-ap-≈-h¿°v Ah-sb-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-Ibpw sNømw.
5193
Ah-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ø
- n¬ kz¥w Ncysb Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNømw. F∂v
am{Xw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!32! Aßs\ th≠! N{µ≥
Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
33! cm{Xn- b p- a m- W k- X yw˛

AXv ]n∂n´p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ˛ !˛
34! {]`m-X-hp-am-W k-Xyw˛

AXv ]pe¿∂p ({]- I m- i n- ® p)
h∂m¬˛ !˛
35! \n›- b - a mbpw AXv

[\cIw] h≥Im-cy-ß-fn¬ H∂p-
Xs∂!˛
36!a\p-jy\v Hcp Xm°oXv
F∂ \ne°v;˛
37! AXm-bX
- v, \nß-fn¬\n∂v
apt∂m°w hcp-hmt\m, ]nt∂m
°w t]mIp-hmt\m Dt±-in-®h
- ¿°v!
!32! Aß-s\-b√m (th-≠m) N{µ≥Xs-∂-bmW !33!

cm{Xnbpw Xs∂bmW AXv ]n∂n-´p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ!34! {]`m-
Xhpw Xs∂-bmW AXv ]pe-cp-tºmƒ, {]Im-is∏´m¬ !35! \n›-
b-ambpw AXv H∂v (Hcp Imcyw) Xs∂ hep-Xmb (h≥Im-cy-ß-
fm-b)Xn¬ !36! Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂-Xm-bn´v (Xm-°o-sX∂ \ne-bn¬)
a\p-jy\v!37! Dt±-in-®-h¿°v \nß-fn¬\n∂v
apt∂m-´p-h-cp-hm≥, ap¥p-hm≥ As√-¶n¬ ]nt∂m´v t]mIm≥, ]n¥m≥
kXy-bm-Ym¿∞y-ßf - psS t\sc I¬∏n-®p-Iqń [n°mcw ssIsIm-≠h

- ¿°v
"kIz¿' F∂ \c-I-in-£-bm-Wp-≈-sX∂v 26 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp
Xm°oXv \¬In. XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ D{K-Xbpw Kuc-hhpw
Nq≠n-°m-ń. ]n∂oSv hnj-b-Øns‚ Kuchw H∂p-IqSn Du∂n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-Wv.
5194
N{µ≥, cm{Xn, {]`mXw F∂n-h-bpsS t]cn¬ kXyw sNbvXp-sIm-≠p≈ B
{]kvXm-h-\-bpsS kmcw Cßs\ kw{K-ln°mw: AXv˛ B kIz-dm-Ip∂
\c-Iw˛ tIhew Ah-K-Wn®p X≈m-hp∂ Hcp Imcy-a-√, G‰hpw hºn® Hcp
Imcy-as{X AXv. CXv Hcp hy‡nt°m Nne hy‡n-Iƒt°m am{X-ap≈ Hcp
Xm°o-X-√. a\p-jy-h¿K-Øn-\m-I-am-\-ap≈ Xm°o-Xm-Wn-Xv. AsX, aptºm´v
h∂v kXyw kzoI- c n- ° p- h m≥ Xøm- d m- I p- ∂ - h ¿°pw, kXy- Ø n¬\n∂v
]nt∂m°w t]mbn Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ ]Xn-°p-∂-h¿°pw Xm°o-Xm-Ip-∂p.
!38! F√m (Hm-tcm) tZlhpw

[Bfpw] AXv kºm-Zn-®p-sh-®-Xn\v
]W-b-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cn°pw;
39! he-Xp-]-£-°m-scm-gn-sI.
40! Nne kz¿K-ß-fn-em-bn-

cn°pw (A-h¿). Ah¿ tNmZyw
sNøpw,˛
41! Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-°p-dn®v:
!42!"\nßsf "kIzdn'¬ {]th-
in-∏n-®Xv F¥mWv?' F∂v
38! F√m tZlhpw (B-flm-hpw, Bfpw) AXv kºm-

Zn® ({]-h¿Øn-®)-Xn∂v ]W-b-am-Wv, ]W-b-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cn°pw !39!
Bƒ°mscm- g n- s I, Iq´- c - √ msX he- X p- ] - £ - Ø ns‚
!40! Nne kz¿K-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ tNmZyw sNøpw !41!
Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-∏‰n !42! \nßsf {]th-in-∏n-®Xv ({]-
th-in® Imc-Ww) F¥mWv kIz-dn¬ (\-c-I-Øn¬)
Hmtcm Bfpw Ah-c-h-cpsS I¿a-ß-fm-Ip∂ kºm-Zy-ßƒ°v ]W-b-am-bn-cn-
°pw. AY-hm, kz¥w IS-a-Ifpw _m[y-X-Ifpw Xo¿ØpI-gn™ kºm-Zy-ß-fm-
Wp-≈-sX-¶n¬ c£-bp-≠v. C√m-Ø-]£w c£-In-´p-hm≥ am¿K-an-√. ]t£, he-
Xp-]-£-°m-cm-Ip∂ (*) k÷-\-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw, Ah-cpsS IS-a-
Ifpw _m[yXIfp-sa√mw Cl-Øn¬sh®v t\csØ \nd-th-‰s∏´pI-gn-™n-
cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ I¿aßƒ°v ]W-b-s∏´p IjvS-s∏-tS-≠n-h-cp-∂-X-
(*) he-Xp-]-£-°msc (Úª«dG ÜÉë°UCG)-∏‰n kq: hmIznA (á©bGƒdG)-bn¬ hnh-

cn-®n-´p-≠v.
5195
√. Ah¿°v kIz-dns\ `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-an-√. kz¿K-am-bn-cn°pw Ah-cpsS kt¶-
Xw. Ahn-sS-sh®v Nne-t∏mƒ Ah¿ kIz-dns‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂
Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-°p-dn®v At\z-jWw \S-Øpw. \nßƒ Cu in£°v hnt[-b-
cm-Ip-hm≥ Imc-W-sa-¥m-sW∂v Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°pw. AXn\v \c-I-°m¿
\¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn t\m°pI:˛
!43!Ah¿ (a-dp-]-Sn) ]dbpw:
Rßƒ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS
Iq´-Øn¬ Bbn-cp-∂n√;˛
44! Rßƒ km[p-°ƒ°v
`£Ww sImSp-Øn-cp-∂-Xp-an√;˛
45!(tXm-∂n-b-hm-k-Øn¬)
apgp-In-bn-cp-∂h
- t- cm-sSm∏w Rßƒ
apgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXncp∂p;˛
46! {]Xn- ^ - e - \ - S - ] - S n- b psS

Znh-ksØ Rßƒ hymP-am-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p;˛
47!Aßs\ (a-c-W-am-Ip∂
B) Dd∏v Rßƒ°v hs∂-Øn.
!43! Ah¿ ]dbpw Rß-fm-bn-cp-∂n-√, Bbn√
\a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬!44! Rß-fm-bn-cp-∂p-an√
`£Ww sImSp-°pI km[p-hn-\v, ]mh-s∏-´-h\v! 45!
Rßƒ (tXm-∂n-b-hm-k-Øn¬) apgp-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p apgp-
Ip-∂-h-tcm-sSm∏w!46! Rßƒ hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p
{]Xn-^-e-Øns‚ (\-S-]Sn FSp-°p-∂) Znh-ksØ !47!
Rßƒ°v hcp-∂-Xp-h-sc, Aßs\ Rßƒ°v h∂p (B) Dd-∏v, ZrV-
amb Imcyw (a-c-Ww)
ac-Ww-h-scbpw CXm-bn-cp∂p Rß-fpsS \ne. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
Rßƒ \c-I-in-£°v hnt[-b-cm-bXv F∂v kmcw. F√m kwi-b-ßƒ°pw
hncm-a-an-Sp-∂Xpw B¿°pw bmsXmcp kwi-b-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb Imcy-am-Wt√m
ac-Ww. AXm-Wn-hnsS Dd-∏mb Imcyw (Ú≤«dG) F∂v ac-WsØ Dt±-in®p ]d-
™-Xv.
5196
kXy-hn-izm-kØns‚ A\n-hm-cy-^-e-hpw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
k¬°¿a-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {]m[m-\y-a¿ln°p∂-Xp-amWv \a-kvIm-cw. AXns‚
ASpØ ÿm\w km[p-°-fpsS hni-∏-S-°p-∂-Xn-\p-am-Wv. Cu c≠v Imcyhpw
Dt]-£-h-cp-Øp-∂-h≥ bYm¿∞-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
CXv c≠pw ChnsS a‰v ]te-S-Øp-sa-∂-t]m-se˛ {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-
cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ ktµ-i-ßƒ, {]hm-N-I-{]-`p-hns‚ A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ
BZn-bm-bh- b- psS t\sc ]p—-`m-hhpw Ah-tl-f\
- \
- b
- hpw kzoI-cn-°p-I, Ah¿s°-
Xnsc A]-hm-Z-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I, {]tIm-]\ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ ssIs°m-≈pI,
CXymZn Zp -{º-Zm-b-°m-tcmSv kl-I-cn®pw ]¶p-tN¿∂pw-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I,
CsXms° kXy-\n-tj-[-Øns‚ {]Xy£ e£-W-ß-f-s{X. F√m-‰n\pw ASn-
ÿm-\-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ]c-tem-I-c-£m-
in-£-I-fp-sSbpw \ntj-[-hp-am-Ip-∂p. ac-Ww-hsc Cu \ne XpS¿∂p-t]m-∂-
h¿°pt≠m ]ns∂ h√ c£m-am¿Khpw?! A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!48! F\n, Ah¿°v ip]m¿i-

°m-cpsS ip]m¿i {]tbm-P-\-s∏-
Sp-∂-X-√.
!48! F\n (B-I-bm¬) Ah¿°v {]tbm-P\ (D-]-Im-c)s∏Sp-I-

bn√ ip]m¿i ip]m¿i-°m-cpsS
c£-°p≈ am¿K-ß-sf√mw Ah¿ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-sIm≠v F\n

Ah¿° v-th≠n ip]m¿i sNøm≥ Bcp-an-√. Ds≠∂v k¶¬]n-®m¬Xs∂
AX-hnsS kzoIm-cy-hp-a-√. AXn\v km[y-X-bp-an-√. Cß-s\-bmWv kXysØ
\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS ]cy-h-km-\w.
!49! F∂n-cn-s°, F¥m-W-

h¿°v, ˛ Cu D¬t_m-[\ - s- Ø-hn´v
(A-h¿) Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p?!
!50! hnd-fn-sb-Sp-tØm-Sp∂ Igp-

X-I-sf-t∂m-W-an-cn-°p∂p Ah¿,˛
51! (AsX) h√ knwl-

Øn¬\n∂pw HmSn-∏m-bp∂ (I-gp-X-
I-sf-t∏m-se).
5197
!49! F∂n-cns° (A-t∏mƒ) F¥mWv Ah¿°v D¬t_m-
[\w (D-]-tZ-iw, kvac-W) hn´v Xncn™p If-bp-∂-h-cmbn (sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-∂p)!50! Ah¿ BIp-∂p-sh-∂-t]mse Igp-X-Iƒ hnd-
fn-]n-Sn®p t]mIp∂, t]Sn®p HmSp∂ !51! HmSn-t∏m-Ip∂ knwl-
Øn¬ (th-´-°m-cn¬˛ Assº-Øp-Im-cn¬) \n∂v
D¬t_m-[\- ß
- fpw D]-tZ-iß
- fpw tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Ah-cn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ {]Xn-
I-c-W-ßfpw tNjvS-Ifpw ImWp-tºmƒ, Xßsf th´-bm-Sn-∏n-Sn-°p-hm≥h∂
knwl-ßs- f-°≠v \mep-]mSpw hnd-fn-sb-Sp-tØm-Sp∂ Im´p-Ig
- p-X°
- q-´ß
- f
- mWv
Ah-sc∂v tXm∂n-tb°pw F∂v kmcw. IQƒ°ùb(Izkvh-dØv) F∂ hm°n\v
Assº-Øp-Im¿ F∂pw, th´-°m¿ F∂pw Nne¿ A¿∞w I¬]n-®n-´p-≠v.
Dt±iyw At∏mgpw hy‡w-X-s∂.
!52!(A-{X-bp-a-√) ]t£,
Ah-cn¬\n-∂p≈ F√m (Hm-tcm)
a\p-jy\pw Dt±-in-°p-∂p,˛
(Xpd-∂v) \nh¿Øn-sh-°-
s∏´ GSp-Iƒ X\n°v \¬I-s∏-S-
W-sa∂v!
! 53! AXp- t h≠m! ]t£,

Ah¿ ]c-tem-IsØ `b-s∏-Sp-∂n-
√.
52! ]t£ (F-¶nepw) Dt±-in-°p∂p F√m (Hm-tcm) a\p-
jy\pw Ah-cn¬s]´ Ah\v sImSp-°-s∏-S-W-sa∂v Nne
GSp(-{K-Ÿw)-Iƒ hncpØ (\q¿Ø˛ Xpd-°)-s∏-´-Xmb !53! th≠m,
Aß-s\-b√ ]t£, Ah¿ `b-s∏-Sp-∂n√ ]c-tem-IsØ
AhcpsS [n°mcw I≠m¬, {]hm-N-I\v e`n® {KŸ-sam∂pw t]mcm, Ah-
cn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw sht∆-sd-Øs∂ Xpd∂ thZ-{KŸw Ah-X-cn-®p-In-´Ww
F∂m-Wh - c
- psS \ne. C{X-tØmfw [n°m-cØ - n\v apXn-cm-Xn-cn-°p-Ib
- m-Wh
- ¿°v
\√Xv F∂v Ah¿ Hm¿Øp-sIm-≈s - ´. ]c-tem-Is
- Ø-°p-dn®v `b-an-√m-ØX - mWv
CXn-s\√mw ImcWw F∂v kmcw.
!54! AXp th≠m! \n›-b-
ambpw CsXmcp D¬t_m- [ - \ -
as{X!˛
5198
!55! BI-bm¬, B¿°p-th-
Wtam Ah≥ AXv Hm¿an-®p-sIm-
≈-s´.
56!A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-
bm-e-√msX Ah¿ Hm¿an-°p-∂-X-
√-Xm-\pw. Ah≥ `b-`‡n°v Ah-
Im-is- ∏-´h
- \
- pw, ]m]-tam-N\
- Ø
- n\v
Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-h-\p-a-s{X.
!54! th≠m \n›-b-ambpw AXv (C-Xv) Hcp D¬t_m-[\w
(D-]-tZ-iw) BIp∂p !55! AXp-sIm≠v At∏mƒ B¿ Dt±-in-®p-
thm, B¿°p-th-Wtam AX-h≥ Hm¿an-°-s´, kvacn°pw!56!
Ah≥ Hm¿°p-∂-Xp-a√ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-√msX A√mlp
Ah≥ A¿l-\m-Wv, Xc-s∏´ (A-h-Im-i-s∏-´)-h-\mWv kq£va-
X°v, `b-`‡n°v A¿l-\p-am-Ip∂p ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\v (]m]w
s]mdp-°p-hm≥
Cu Xncp-h-N\w HmXn-s°m≠v \_n ˜
C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-b-Xmbn lZo-
Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p."\nß-fpsS d∫v ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ kq£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥˛
`b-`‡n ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥˛ A¿l-\m-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ft∂m-sSm∏w
Hcp Bcm-[y\pw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm. F∂m¬, Fs∂ B¿ kq£n-°p-
Ibpw Aßs\ Ft∂m-sSm∏w Hcp Bcm-[y-s\bpw kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXpthm Ah\v Rm≥ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-h-\m-Ip-
∂p.' (A; Xn; P; \.)
Izp¿-B≥ Bscbpw kXy-am¿K-Øn-te°v \n¿_-‘n®p ]nSn®p hen-
°p-∂n-√. AXv kXy-ßƒ shń-Øp-d∂p Imńbpw D]-tZ-in-®pw-sIm≠pw t\¿h-
gn-bn-te°v amSn-hn-fn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-am-{Xw. kXyw kzoI-cn-°Ww, t\¿am¿Kw
{]m]n-°Ww Fs∂ms° Dt±-iyhpw Xm¬]-cy-hpw D≈-h¿°v AXv Hm¿an-
°p-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNømw. A√m-Ø-h¿°v thW-sa-¶n¬ \nc-kn-
°p-Ibpw sNømw. (∞¡µdG-ôØµ«dÉa AÉ°T øeh øeDƒ«dÉa AÉ°T øªa) ]t£, A√m-lp-hns‚
Dt±-iyw-IqSn Ds≠-¶nte Ah¿ Hm¿an-°epw hniz-kn-°-ep-sa√mw D≠m-Iq.
(¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG ¿hôcòj Éeh) Ahs‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂-h¿ Bscm-
s°-bm-sW-∂pw, t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-°p-∂-h¿ Bscm-s°-bm-sW∂pw Ah\v
\√-t]mse Adn-bm-a-t√m. (125 :πëædG -øj~à¡ŸÉH º∏YCG ƒgh ¬∏«Ñ°S øY π°V øÃ º∏YCG ƒg ∂HQ ¿EG)
A{I-a-Im-cn-I-fmb Bfp-Isf Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn-√-Xm\pw
(Ú≤aÉæŸG-ÚŸÉ¶dG Ωƒ≤dG …~¡j ’ ¬∏dG ¿EG) Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, kq£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm\pw `b-
`‡n A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ap≈ A¿lX A√m-lp-hn\v am{X-am-Wp-≈-Xv.
5199
Ahs\ B¿ kq£n®p hcp-∂pthm Ah≥ t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-®p. Ah\v
A√mlp s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. s]mdp-ØpsImSp°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-
Im-ihpw A[n-Im-c-hp-am-I-s´, AXpw Ah-∂-√msX a‰m¿°pw C√.
¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG ¿hôcòj Éeh (A-√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-√msX Ah¿

Hm¿an-°p-∂-X-√) F∂ hmIy-Øn¬ Ckvemanse Hcp auenI hnizmk
kn≤m¥w AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-f-S-°-ap≈ kIe
Imcy-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw A\p-kc - nt® D≠m-Ip-Ib
- p≈q F∂ XXz-
as{X AXv. At∏mƒ, a\p-jy≥ Dt±-in-®-Xp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw Ah\v H∂pw \S-
Øp-hm-t\m, Ah-\n¬ H∂pw \S-°p-hm-t\m t]mIp-∂n-√. AXn-\p≈ Ignhpw
hnNm-chpw hnIm-c-hp-sa√mw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v-Xs∂ e`n-t°≠Xp-≠v.
ôjƒµàdG-ÚŸ©dG ÜQ ¬∏dG AÉ°ûj ¿CG ’EG ¿hAÉ°ûJ Éeh (tem-I-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-
Xm-bm-e-√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂-X-√.) \_n Xncp-ta\n -°v-t]mepw Xncp- ˜
ta\n CjvS- s ∏- S p- ∂ - h sc t\¿am¿K- Ø n- e m- ° p- h m≥ km[y- a - √ .
56 :¢ü°ü≤dG - øj~à¡ŸÉH º∏YG ƒgh AÉ°ûj øe …~¡j ¬∏dG øµdh âÑÑMG øe …~¡J ’ ∂fEG(\n-›-b-am-bpw,
\o CjvS-s∏-´-hsc \o t\¿am¿KØnem-°p-∂-X-√. ]t£, A√mlp Ah≥
Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂p. t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-°p-∂-h-sc-∏‰n
Ah≥ \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.)
a\p-jys‚ Imcy-ßs- f√mw Ahs‚ kz¥w Ign-hn¬s]-´X - m-sW-∂pw,

AXn¬ A√mlp Ah\v \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb kzmX{¥yw \¬Inbn´p-s≠∂pw
hmZn-®p-sIm≠v a\p-jy\v AXn-cp-I-hn™ ÿm\w I¬]n®p sImSp-°p∂
bp‡n-hm-Z-°m¿ CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßsf Zp¿hym-Jym\w
sNøpI am{X-a-√, A√m-lp-hns‚ Adn-hn-s\-bpw, Ign-hn-s\-bpw, A[n-Im-c-
sØbpw A¬]-sam∂v shń-®p-cp-°p-Ibpw, Ahs‚ Adn-hn\pw CjvS-Øn\pw
FXn-cmbn temIØv Iptd Imcy-ßƒ \S-am-Sp-sa∂v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-Ibpw
IqSn sNøp-∂Xv ImWmw. as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬, a\p-jys‚ A[n-Im-
c-hr-Øhpw Ignhpw hep-Xm-°p-hm-\pw, A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-hr-Øhpw
Ignhpw sNdp-Xm-°p-hm\pw {ian-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn, A√m-
lp-hns‚ krjvSn-I-fnepw `c-W-Im-cy-ß-fnepw Xß-fpsS _p≤n°pw bp-
‡n°pw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ cl-ky-ß-sfm∂pw D≠m-bn-°qSm
Fs∂mcp [mc-Wbpw Ah-cn¬\n∂v {]I-S-am-Ip-∂p. ÈcCG ¬∏dG A√mlp \ap-s°-
√m-h¿°pw kXyw {Kln-°p-hm-\pw, t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n-°p-hm\pw XuôIzv
\¬I-s´. \ΩpsS ]m]-ßfpw ]mI-∏n-g-hp-Ifpw Ah≥ s]mdp-Øp-X-c-s´.
Bao≥.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh ¬∏dÉH ’EG Iƒb ’h ∫ƒM ’h
5200
`mKw 29 áeÉ«≤dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 75 Iznbmax
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
áeÉ«≤dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
75. kqdXp¬ Iznbmax

Øn¬.
1!"Iznbm-aØv' \mƒ [Dbn¿
sØ-gp-t∂¬]ns‚ Znhkw] sIm
≠v Rm≥ kXyw sNbv X p- ] - d -
bp∂p;˛
2! Bt£- ] - ° m- c n- b mb
Bflm- h ns\ (A- Y hm a\- n-
s\)s°m≠pw Rm≥ kXyw
sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p:
3! a\p-jy≥ KWn-®p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p-∂p-thm, Ahs‚ F√p-Isf
\mw Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p-∂t- X-b√ F∂v?!
!4! C√mtX! Ahs‚ hnc¬X-

e-∏p-Isf (t∏m-epw) icn-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm≥ Ign- h p- ≈ - h - c m- b n- s °m≠v
(\m-aXv sNøpw).
1! Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn-

s\-s°m≠v !2! kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p Bflm-
hns\ (a-\- n-s\˛ tZl-sØ)-s°m≠v Bt£-]-°m-cn-bm-b, A[nIw
5201
Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ !3! a\p-jy≥ `mhn-°p-t∂m, KWn-°p-∂pthm
\mw Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p-∂-tX-b-s√∂v Ahs‚ Aÿn (F-√p)-Isf
!4! C√m-tX, AsX Ign-hp-≈-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v \mw icn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ahs‚ hnc¬X-e∏v (k-‘n-sb√v ˛hn-c-ep)-Isf
º°ùbCG’ (em˛ DIzvkn-ap) F∂ hm°n\v "Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-

bp∂p' F∂v A¿∞w I¬]n-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v kq: hmIznAx 75 s‚ hymJym-
\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. H∂m-a-Xmbn Iznbm-a-Øv -\m-fns‚ t]cn-epw,
c≠m-a-Xmbn Bt£]-°m-cn-bmb Bflm-hns‚ ˛A-Yhm a\- n-s‚˛ t]cnepw
A√mlp kXyw sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]d-bp∂p: a\p-jys‚ ac-W-ti-jw, Ahs‚
Aÿn-Isf apgp-h\pw Hcp-an-®p-Iqń Ahs\ \mw ]p\¿Po-hn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
\maXv sNbvI-bn-s√t∂m, \ap-°-Xn\v Ign-bp-I-bn-s√t∂m Ah≥ `mhn-°p-
∂p-s≠-¶n¬ B `mh\ hnt´-°s - ´. Xo¿®-bmbpw \maXv sNøp-IX
- s∂ sNøpw.
Ahs‚ hnc¬ Xe-∏p-Iƒt]m-epw˛ AYhm Hmtcm k‘n-sb-√pw˛ AX-Xns‚
ÿm\-Øp-sh®v icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p-Xs∂ AXv sNøm≥ \ap°v XnI®pw
Ign-hp-≠v.
a\p-jy-a-\- ns\ Bt£-]-°mcn (áeGƒ∏dG) AYhm hfsc Ip‰-s∏-Sp-

Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv˛ F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv hfsc A¿∞-h-Øm-Ip-∂p. Hcp
sX‰mb Imcyw Hcmƒ sNøp-tºmƒ Ahs‚ a\- m£n Ahs\ Ip‰-s∏SpØp-
∂p. AXv Acp-Xm-Ø-Xm-sW∂v Ahs‚ a\ v Ah-t\mSv a{¥n-°m-Xn-cn-
°p-I-bn-√. Hcp \∑-sN-bvX-tijw ]e-t∏mgpw AXn-s\-°mƒ \∂m-Ip-am-
bn-cp∂ as‰m∂v sNøm-Ø-Xn-s\-∏‰n a\- n¬ Bt£]w Db-cp∂p F¥n-
\Xv sNbvXp, F¥n-\Xv Xn∂p, F¥n-\Xv ]d-™p, F¥p-sIm-≠nXv sNbvXn-
√. F¥p-sIm-≠nXv ]d-™n√ F∂n-XymZn Bt£-]-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-
°mØ a\p-jy-a-\ v B¿°m-Wp-≈Xv? bmYm¿∞y-ß-fpsS t\sc IÆ-
S®pw ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf Ah-K-Wn®pw kXy-\n-tj[w \S-Øp-∂-h-cpw, ho≠p-
hn-Nm-c-tam, D]-tZiw tIƒ°p-hm-\p≈ k∂-≤-Xtbm C√m-Ø-h-cpw, `mhn-
sb-∏‰n Nn¥n-°m-dn-√m-Ø-h-cp-sa√mw Xs∂ Hcn-°¬ Xß-sf-Øs∂ ]gn-
°p-Ibpw XocmØ tJZ-Øn-em-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. k¬°¿a-ßƒ
Ipsd-sb√mw sNbvXn-cp-∂mepw ]c-tem-I-Øvsh®v e`n-°p∂ Ah¿W-\o-
b-amb kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ ImWp-tºmƒ, Atøm, Iptd-°qSn k¬°¿a-
ßƒ Rm≥ sNbvXp-sh-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tbt\ F∂v a\p-jy≥ hne-
]n®p t]mIpw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ a\- ns‚ Bt£-]-Øn\v H´pw hnt[-b-\m-
ImØ a\p-jys\ ImWp-hm≥ {]bm-kw.
5202
!5! ]t£, a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚
aptºm- ´ p(≈ Pohn- X - Ø n¬)
tXm∂n-b-hmkw sNøm≥ Dt±-in-
°p-I-bm-Wv.
6!Ah≥ tNmZn-°p∂p; GX-

h-k-c-Øn-emWv Iznbm-a-Øv-\mƒ
F∂v!
!7!F∂m¬, IÆv (A-‘m-fn-®v)
A©n-t∏m-bm¬,˛
8! N{µ≥ ({]-Im-iw-t]m-bn)
Ccp-f-S-bp-Ibpw (sN-bvXm¬),
9! kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Hcp-an-®p-

Iq-´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬),˛
10! A∂sØ Znhkw a\p-

jy≥ ]dbpw: FhnsSbmWv HmSn
c£-s∏-Sp-∂Xv?!
11! AXn√! c£tb C√!
12! \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te-°-s{X,

A∂sØ Znhkw (sN-∂v) AS-ßp-
∂-Xv.
5! F¶n-epw, ]t£ Dt±-in-°p∂p a\p-jy≥ Zp¿hrØn
(tXm-∂ymkw) sNøm≥ Ahs‚ aptºm´v (`m-hn-bn¬) !6! Ah≥
tNmZn-°p∂p GsXm-c-h-kc-Øn-emWv Iznbm-a-Øv-\mƒ !7!
F∂m¬ an∂n (A-©n˛ Iq®n)-bm¬, A‘m-fn-°p-tºmƒ IÆv,
ZrjvSn !8! Ccp-f-S-bpI (sh-fn®w t]mIp-I)bpw N{µ≥ !9!
Hcp-an®p Iq´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw kqcy\pw N{µ\pw !10!
a\p-jy≥ ]dbpw B Znhkw Fhn-sS-bmWv, Ftßm-´mWv HmSn
c£-s∏-Sp∂ ÿm\w, HmSn-t∏m°v !11! Aß-s\-b-√, AXn√ c£-
bn-√, A`-b-ÿm-\-an√ !12! \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te°mWv A∂sØ
5203
Znhkw AS-°w, sN∂p-Iq-S¬
Ahn-izm-kn-bmb a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ `qX-Imew GXm-bmepw \jvS-s∏-
Sp-Øn. F∂m¬, `mhnbpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-amdv tXm∂ymkw XpS-cp-hm-\mWv Ah≥
Xp\n-bp-∂-Xv. ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-sØbpw AXnse A\p-`-h-ß-sfbpw Ah≥
\ntj-[n-°p-∂p."\nßƒ ]d™p tIƒ°p∂ Cu Iznbm-a-Øv-\mƒ Ft∏m-gm-Wp-
≠m-IpI?' F∂v Ah≥ \ntj-[-]q¿∆w ]cn-l-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Adn-
™n-cn-°s´, AX{X hnZq-c-sam-∂p-a-√. AXv Ft∏mƒ F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Btem-
Nn-t°-≠Xv AXv Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn°pw F∂p-f-f-Xm-Wv. AXv kw`hn-°p-tºmƒ
temI-Øns‚ \ne-sb√mw amdn-t∏m-Ipw. a\p-jy≥ A‘m-fn®p `b-hn-lz-e-\m-bn-
Øocpw; an∂-te-‰h - Æw Ahs‚ IÆp-Iƒ A©n-t∏mIpw; N{µs‚ shfn®w \jvS-
s∏´p AXv Ccp-´v-a-b-am-bn-Øocpw; kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Htc ÿm\Øv Hcp-an®p
Iq´s∏-Spw. Cß-s\-bp≈ B tLmc-k-abw h∂p-I-gn-™m¬ At∏mƒ, a\p-
jy≥ kln-sI´v c£m-am¿K-Øn\v apd-hn-fn-Iq-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. ]t£, Fhn-sS-
\n∂v c£-In-´p-hm-\mWv? F√m-hcpw temI-c-£n-Xm-hns‚ tImS-Xn-bn¬ ktΩ-
fn-t°≠ Znh-ka - m-WX
- v. Hcmƒ°pw AXn¬\n∂v c£-bn-√. B¿°pw AXn¬\n∂v
Hgn-hp-an-√.
N{µs‚ shfn®w t]mbn Ccp-f-S-bp-I, kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´-

s∏-SpI F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ AXyp-{K-amb kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ ]eXpw Iznbm-a-
Øv\m-fn¬ kw`hn-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn A√mlp Adn-bn-°p-∂p. Xmsg kqd-
Øp-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ImWm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Ah Hmtcm-∂ns\
kw_-‘n®pw A√mlp F¥v ]d-™pthm AtX-]Sn AXv kw`-hn-°p-sa-∂-Xn¬
bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. Aß-s\-Øs∂ hniz-kn-°¬ IS-a-bp-am-Wv. ]t£,
AXn-s\-∏d
- dn IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-Ic
- n®p hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ \ap°v km≤y-a√. A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:˛
!13! a\p-jy≥ ap≥sN-bvXp-sh-

°p-I-bpw, (sN-øm-sX) ]nt∂m-°w-
sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xn-s\-
∏‰n A∂v Ah≥ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-
s∏-Spw.
14! ]t£, (A-{X-bp-a√
- ) a\p-
jy≥ X\n- ° v - X s∂ FXn- c n¬
sXfn-hm-bn-cn°pw;˛
15! Ah≥ Xs‚ Hgn-I-gn-hp-

Iƒ ka¿∏n-®mepw icn.
5204
!13! hrØm¥w Adn-bn-°-s∏Spw (t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Spw)
a\p-jy≥ At∂-Zn-h-kw, A∂v Ah≥ ap¥n® (ap≥sN-bvX)-Xn-
s\-∏‰n ]n¥n-°p-Ibpw (]n-t∂m°am°p-I-bpw) sNbvX !14!
]t£ a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ t]cn¬ Xs∂ (X-\n°v Xs∂ FXn-cn¬)
sXfn-hm-Wv, ZrIvkm-£n-bm-bn-cn°pw !15! Ah≥ C´mepw (k-
a¿∏n-®m-epw) icn, Imń-bmepw Ahs‚ Hgn-I-gn-hp-Isf
\√-Xm-h-s´, NoØ-bm-hs´ Hmtcm-cp-h\pw ac-W-Øn-\p-apºv sNbvXp-sh®
kI-e-I¿a-ß-sfbpw sNømsX _m°n-sh® I¿a-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v khn-
kvXcw Ahs\ sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Ahs‚ I¿a-tc-J-Ifpw hnhn-[-Xcw km£n-
Ifpw aptJ\ Ah-sb√mw ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah\v F√mw
icn°pw t_m[y-amIpIbpw sNøpw. F∂mepw Hgn-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ]eXpw Ah≥
ka¿∏n-t®-°pw. ]t£, ê-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Ah≥ kzbw Xs∂ X\n-s°-Xn-
cn¬ sXfnhpw km£n-bpw-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂p! AXm, Ahs‚ ssIIm-ep-I-fpw,
sXmen XpS-ßnb Ah-b-h-ßfpw Ah≥ sNbvXn-´p≈ sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßƒ Xpd-
∂p-]-d-bp∂p! At∏mƒ Ahs‚ hmb-S-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. ASpØ hN-\-
˜
ß-fn¬ \_n sb An-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!16! (\-_n-tb) \o AXn\v

[Izp¿-B\v] [rXn-Iq-´p-hm≥ th≠n
\ns‚ \mhns\ AXpw-sIm≠v \o
Cf-t°-≠.
17! \n›-b-ambpw AXns\
(\ns‚ a\- n¬) kam-l-cn-°-epw,
AXv HmXn- Ø - c epw \ΩpsS
taemWv (_m-[y-X) D≈Xv
18! BI- b m¬, \mw AXv

HmXn- Ø - ∂ m¬ \o B HmØp
]n≥]-‰n-s°m-f-fp-I.
19! ]n∂oSv AXv hnh-cn-®p-X-

cepw \ΩpsS taemWv (_m-[y-X)
D≈-Xv.
16! \o Cf° (N-en-∏n-°˛ A\-°)-cpXv AXpw-sIm-≠v, AXp-

ambn \ns‚ \mhv AXns\ \o [rXn-s∏-Sp-hm≥th≠n !17!
5205
\n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS taemWv (_m-[y-X) AXns\ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-
´¬ (k-am-l-cn-°¬) AXns\ HmXn-Ø-cepw !18! Aßs\
(B-I-bm¬) \mw AXns\ HmXn-bm¬ (Hm-Xn-Ø-∂m¬) \o ]n≥]-‰p-I,
XpS-cpI AXns‚ hmb-\-sb, B hmb-\sb !19! A\-¥cw
\n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS taemWv (_m-[y-X) AXns‚ hnh-c-Ww, hnh-cn-
°¬
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n °v hfsc Bizm-k-{]-Z-amb Hcp D]-tZ-i-amWv
Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp \¬Ip-∂-Xv. kq: Xzmlm 114 s‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se, Pn_vco¬ (A) Izp¿-Bs‚ hlvbpambn hcp-tºmƒ,
At±lw ÿew hnSp-∂-Xn\v apºv-Xs∂ AXv a\x-]m-T-am-°p-hm-\pw, ad-∂p-
t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw-th≠n Xncp-ta\n AXv [rXn-bn¬ \mhn-f°n sNm√n-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, CXv kw_-‘n-®mWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-
X-cn-®-sX∂pw _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw a‰pw D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ hy‡-am-
°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ kml-k-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂pw AXv a\- n¬ kam-l-
cn®v Dd-∏n-®p-X-cepw th≠-Xp-t]mse ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp-X-cepw \ΩpsS
_m[y-X-bm-sW∂pw HmXn-Ø-cp-tºmƒ AXv {i≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m¬ aXn-
˜
sb∂pw A√mlp \_n sb DW¿Øp-∂p. am{X-a-√, Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-X-cp∂
Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ°v Bh-iy-amb hnh-c-Whpw hymJym-\hpw \¬Iepw
A√m-lp-hns‚ _m≤yX Xs∂-bm-sW-∂p-IqSn DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. _pJm-
cn-bpsS cnhm-b-Øn¬, Cu hN-\-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw, ]n∂oSv
Pn_vco¬ (A) hcp-tºmƒ Xncp-ta\n Xe-XmgvØn {i≤m-]q¿∆w tIƒ°p-I-
bpw, At±lw t]mbm¬ A√mlp hmKvZØw sNbvX-Xp-t]mse Ahn-Sp∂v
AXv HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXns\ kam-l-cn-®p-X-c¬ \ΩpsS _m[y-X-bmWv (¬©ªL Éæ«∏Y ¿EG) F∂v

]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, A∏-t∏mƒ Ah-X-cn-°p∂ hN-\-ßƒ ad-∂p-t]m-
˜
Im-Xn-cn-°-Ø-°-hÆw \_n -bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ A∏-t∏mƒXs∂ Dd-∏n®p
]mT-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂p F∂-s{X. apkzvl-^p-I-fn¬ C∂v Cu ImWp-∂-hn-
[-Øn¬ Izp¿-Bs‚ BZyw apX¬ Ah-km-\w-h-sc-bp≈ t{ImUo-I-c-W-a√
CXp-sIm-≠p-t±iyw F∂v hy‡-am-Wv. (Cu t{ImUo-I-c-W-sØ-∏‰n apJ-hp-c-
bn¬ hnh-cn®p ]d-™n-´p-ap-≠v.) Izp¿-B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ _m[y-Xbpw
A√m-lp-hn-∂mWv (¬fÉ«H Éæ«∏Y ¿EG ºK) F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. Cu hmKvZm\w \nd-th-
‰-s∏-Sp-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpw c≠v {]Im-c-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw.
(1) Nne hN-\-ß-fn¬ kw£n-]vX-am-tbm, kqN-\-bm-tbm, hywKy-

amtbm at‰m {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ Imcy-ßƒ a‰v Nne hN-\-ßƒ aptJ\
hy‡-ambpw hni-Z-ambpw hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I. Izp¿-Bs‚ Nne hi-ßƒ
5206
Nne hi-ßƒ°v hymJym\w \¬Ip-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ kmcw CXm-
Wv.
(2) Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ aptJ-\-b-√m-sX˛ AYhm hlvbns‚ ]e

C\-ß-fn¬s]´ GsX-¶nepw Hcn-\w-ap-tJ-\˛ Bh-iy-amb hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ
˜
\¬Ip-I. \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS hN-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Ncy-I-fn-eq-sSbpw CXv
\ap°v e`n-°p-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kp∂-Øp-Iƒ Izp¿-Bs‚ hymJym-\-am-
sW∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw CXm-Wv.
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fn-s\-bpw, AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-scbpw Ipdn-®m-bn-

cp-∂p-ht√m ap≥ Bb-Øp-I-fnse kwkm-cw. CS-°p-sh®v \_n °v Nne ˜
D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn. Hcp ]t£, Cu ÿm\-Øp-sh-®p-Xs∂ Cu
D]-tZiw \¬tI-≠p∂ {]tXyI kµ¿`w t\cn-ń-cp-∂p-sh∂pw hcmw. AXp-
sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw Chn-sS-sh®pXs∂ A°mcyw DW¿Øn-b-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-
\-dn-bmw. GXm-bmepw ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ ap≥ kwkm-c-hn-jbw Xs∂
XpS-cp∂p:˛
! 20! (a- \ p- j y- t c) Aßs\
th≠! ]t£, \nßƒ £Wn-I-
am-b-Xns\ [sFln-I-Po-hn-XsØ]
CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p;
21! ]c-temI (Po-hn-X)sØ
\nßƒ hnt´-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p!
20! Aß-s\-b-√, th≠ . F¶nepw (]-t£) \nßƒ CjvS-

s∏-Sp∂p £Wn-Ia
- m-bX - ns\ !21!
- n-s\, thKw Ign-bp-∂X \nßƒ
hnt´-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p ]c-tem-IsØ
AXmWv \nßƒ°v ]nW™ A_-≤w. AXp-sIm≠mWv \nßƒ F√m
kXy-bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-sfbpw \ntj-[n-°p-hm-\pw, tXm∂ym-k-ß-fn¬ apgp-Ip-
hm\pw Hcp-sº-Sp-∂Xv F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-
Øn¬ hnizm-ka - p-≈h- ¿t]mepw Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ ]Xn-®p-t]m-Ip-hm-\p≈ {][m\
Imc-Whpw CXvX-s∂. AsX, sFln-I-Po-hn-X-tØm-Sp≈ t{]a-hpw, ]c-tem-
I-Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-K-W-\bpw!
!22! Nne ap-J-ßƒ A∂sØ

Znhkw (k-t¥m-jn-®p) {]k-∂-am-
b-h-bm-bn-cn°pw;˛
5207
!23! (A-sX) Ah-bpsS d∫n-¶-
te-°v-t\m-°n-°m-Wp-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-
°pw.
24! (a-‰v) Nne apJ-ß-fm-I-s´,
A∂sØ Znhkw (hn-jm-Zn-®p) Npfp-
ßn-b-h-bp-am-bn-cn°pw;˛
25! Ah- s b- s °m≠v h√
AXym- ] Øpw {]h¿Øn- ° - s ∏- S p-
sa∂v Ah(-D-d-∏m-bn)-[-cn-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv.
22! Nne apJ-ßƒ A∂v {]k-∂-amb (`w-Kn-bm-b˛ tim`n-
°p-∂)-h-bm-bn-cn°pw !23! Ah-bpsS d∫n-¶-te°v t\m°p-∂-h-
bm-bn-cn°pw !24! Nne apJ-ß-fm-hs´ A∂v Npfp-ßnb (Np-
fn-™˛ Cdp-In-b˛ Ccp-≠) hbm-bn-cn°pw !25! Ah [cn°pw (D-d-∏n-
°pw) sNø-s∏-Sp ({]-h¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp)-sa∂v Ah-sb-s°m-≠v, Ah-
tbmSv h√ AXym-]-Øpw, \s´-√n\v _m[n-°p∂ hn]Øv
AXm-b-Xv, kt¥m-jm-[n-Iy-Øm¬ k÷-\-ß-fpsS apJ-ßƒ {]tim-
`n®p {]k-∂-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns\ Z¿in-°p-I-sb∂ alm`mKyw
Ah¿°v kn≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AtX ka-bØv Zp¿÷-\ßfmI-s´,
Xßƒ°v AXym-]-ØmWv t\cn-Sp-hm-\p-≈-sX∂v I≠v AtßA‰w hnjm-Z-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS apJ-ßƒ Ccp-f-S™p Npfp-ßn-t∏m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
kz¿Kob A\p-{K-l-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw hºn® A\p-{K-l-amWv A√m-

lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n[n Z¿in-°p-hm-\p≈ `mKyw "apAvXknex' hn`m-K-°m-sc-
t∏m-se-bp≈ Nne bp‡n-hm-Z-°m¿°v Ah-cpsS XXz-im-kv{X-a-\p-k-cn®v Cu
Z¿i-\sØ AwKo-Ic - n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°b - n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿ AXv kw_-
‘n® tcJ-I-sf√mw Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-Itbm X≈n-°-f-bp-Itbm sNbvXp-
Im-Wmw. ]t£, Nne Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw _e-s∏´ ]e lZo-Yp-
I-fn¬\n∂pw hy‡-ambn Adn-b-s∏-´-Xpw, kzlm-_n-Iƒ, Xm_n-D-Iƒ, kap-
Zm-b-Ønse ]WvUn-X≥am¿ F∂p-th-≠, s]mXp-hn¬ apkvenw kap-Zmbw
apgp-h\pw AwKo-I-cn-®-Xp-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-am-W-Xv. A_q-k-CuZv (d),
A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) F∂o kzlm-_n-I-fn¬\n∂v Camw _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw
(d) a‰pw C{]-Imcw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p: "Nne Bfp-Iƒ tNmZn®p: A√m-
lp-hns‚ dkq-te, \mw Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fn¬ \ΩpsS d∫ns\ ImWptam?'
At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: H´pw taL-an-√mØ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kqcy-s\bpw
N{µ-s\bpw ImWp-∂-Xn¬ \nßƒ°v hnjaw t\cn-Sptam? Ah¿ ]d™p:
5208
C√. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p:"AXp-t]mse, \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ \nß-fpsS
d∫ns\ hgnsb ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv.'
\_n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn kzpssl_v (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂ Hcp lZo-

Yns‚ kmcw C{]-Im-c-amWv: "kz¿K-°m¿ kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-®m¬,
\nßƒ°v Rm≥ h√Xpw IqSp-X-embn \¬tI-≠-Xpt≠m' F∂v A√mlp
Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°pw. Ah¿ adp-]Sn ]dbpw: \o Rß-fpsS apJw sh≈-
bm°n (R-ßƒ°v kt¥mjw \¬In)Øcp-Ibpw Rßsf kz¿K-Øn¬
{]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw, Rßsf \c-I-Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp-
X-∂nt√? (F\n F¥mWv Rßƒ°p-th-≠Xv?!) At∏mƒ ad Db¿Ø-s∏-
Spw. F∂n´v Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-apJw t\m°n-°m-Wpw. At∏mƒ
Ah¿°v Xß-fpsS d∫ns\ t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ CjvS-s∏-´-Xmbn
as‰m-∂pw-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. ]n∂oSv Xncp-ta\n- äOÉjRh ≈æ°ù◊G Gƒæ°ùMCG øjò∏d
¢ùfƒj (\∑ {]h¿Øn-®-h¿°v G‰hpw \√ {]Xn-êap≠v; IqSp-X-ep-ap-≠v.)
F∂ Izp¿-B≥ hN\w HmXp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (apkvenw.) "G‰hpw \√ {]Xn-
êw' F∂v ]d-™Xv kz¿K-hpw, "IqSp-X¬' F∂v ]d-™Xv Xncp-ap-J-Z¿i-
\hpw BIp-∂p-sh-∂mWv Xncp-ta\n CXv aptJ\ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xv. "At∏mƒ
ad Db¿Ø-s∏Spw' F∂p≈ lZo-Ynse hmIyw {it≤-b-am-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚
Xncp-apJw krjvSn-Iƒ°v ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-am-dp≈ Ft¥m Hcp
ad˛ B ad F¥m-sW∂v A√m-lp-hn-\d - n-bmw˛ Ds≠-∂pw, B ad Bcn¬\n∂v
\o°-s∏-Sp-∂pthm B `mKy-hm≥am¿t° AXn\v km[n-°p-I-bp-≈p-sh∂pw
CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. Cu hkvXpX A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-Øn¬\n-∂v-
Xs∂ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. kqd-Øp¬ apXz-^v^nô-\n¬ \c-I-°m-cmb
alm-]m-]n-Isf∏‰n A√mlp ]d-bp∂p; ÚØØ£ŸG -¿ƒHƒéÙ ~Äeƒj º¡HQ øY º¡fG Óc
(Aß- s \- s b- √ m, \n›- b - a mbpw A∂sØ Znhkw Ah¿ Xß- f psS
d∫n¬\n∂pw ad-bn-S-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv.) Camw im^Cu (d) Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-
Xp-t]m-se, A√m-lp-hns\ Z¿in-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v k÷-\-ßƒ ad-bn-S-s∏-Sp-
∂-X-√. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ad-bn-S-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-sW∂v
A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!26! th≠! AXv [{]mW≥]

tXmsf-√n-¶¬ [sXm≠-°p-gn-bn¬]
FØn-bm¬,˛
27! Bcp≠v a{¥w \S-Øp-∂-
h≥ F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-I-bpw,˛
5209
!28! Ah≥ [acWw Bk-∂-
am-b-h≥] AXv Xs‚ th¿]m-Sm-
sW∂v (D-d-∏m-bn) [cn-°p-I-bpw,˛
!29! IW-¶m¬ IW-¶m-temSv
IqSn-∏n-W-bp-Ibpw (sN-bvXm¬)!˛
30! A∂v \ns‚ d∫n-¶t- e-°m-

bn-cn°pw (A-h-s\) sIm≠p-t]m-
Ip-∂-Xv.
26! th≠, Aß-s\-b√ AXv FØn-bm¬ tXmsf-√n-
¶¬, hf-b-s\-√p-I-fn¬ !27! ]d-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Bcp-≠v, Bcm-Wv,
a{¥w \S-Øp-∂-h≥, sshZy-°m-c≥ !28! Ah≥ [cn-°pI (D-d-∏n-°p-
I)bpw AXv th¿]m-Sm-sW∂v !29! IqSn-∏n-W-bp-I-bpw, ]‰n-
t®-cp-Ibpw IW-¶m¬ IW-¶m-temSv !30! \ns‚ d∫n-¶-
te-°mWv A∂v sXfn-°¬ (sIm-≠p-t]m-I¬)
Cu cwKw A[n-I-sam∂pw hnh-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. Aev]-sam∂v Btem-

Nn-°p∂ Fh-\pw AXns‚ Kuchw Gsd-°psd Duln-°m-hp-∂X - m-Wv. GsXm-
cp-h\pw \n -lm-b-I-\mbn ap´p-Ip-Øp∂ cwK-as{X AXv. AsX, Cu temI-
hp-ambn Fs∂-t∂-°pw hnS-hm-ßp-I-bpw, hn`m-h-\-Iƒ°-Xo-X-amb ]c-tem-
I-Po-hn-X-hp-ambn I≠p-ap-´p-Ibpw sNøp∂ cwKw!
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!31! F∂m¬, Ah≥ (hn-iz-
kn-®v) kXy-am-°n-bn-ń-√, \a-kvI-
cn-®n-´p-an√;˛
32! ]t£, hymP- a m(°n

\ntj-[n)-°p-I-bpw, ]n≥Xn-cn-bp-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p!
33! ]ns∂ (A-Xn\pw ]pd-sa)
Ah≥ Xs‚ kz¥-°m-cn-te°v
Zpc-`n-am\w \Sn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
5210
!34! (tl, a\p-jym) \n\°v
G‰hpw th≠-s∏-´Xv Xs∂, th≠-
s∏-´-Xv-Xs∂! [\n\°v tbmPn®
in£-Xs∂]
35! ]ns∂ (ho-≠pw) \n\°v
G‰hpw th≠-s∏-´Xv Xs∂, th≠-
s∏-´-Xv-Xs∂! [\n\°v tbmPn®
in£-Xs∂]
31! F∂m¬ Ah≥ kXy-am-°n-bn-ń√ (hn-iz-kn-®n-ń√)

\a-kvI-cn-®n-´p-an√ !32! ]t£, F¶n-epw, F∂m¬ Ah≥ hymP-
am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p ]n≥Xn-cn-bpI (Xn-cn-™p-t]m-Ip-I)bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p
!33! ]ns∂ Ah≥ t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp Xs‚ kz¥w
(Bƒ)°mcn-te°v Zpc`n-am\w \Sn-®p-sIm-≠v, Al-¶-cn-®p-sIm≠v
!34! G‰hpw tbmPn-®-Xv, th≠-s∏-´Xv (h-enb \miw) \n\°v
G‰hpw tbmPn-®Xv !35! ]ns∂bpw \n\°v G‰hpw tbmPn-®Xv
G‰hpw tbmPn-®Xv
ac-W-s∏-´p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ Ah\v c£-°v-th-≠p∂ bmsXm∂pw

Ahs‚ IqsS-bn-√. kXy-sa∂v hniz-kn-t°-≠-sXm∂pw Ah≥ hniz-kn-®n-ń-
√. a\p-jys‚ {][m\ IS-a-bmb \a-kvIm-c-I¿ahpw Ah≥ \n¿h-ln-®n-ń-√.
t\sc-a-dn®v kXy-bm-Ym¿∞y-ßsf hymP-am°n \ntj-[n-°p-I-bpw, D]-tZ-i-
ßfpw I¬]-\-Ifpw A\p-k-cn-°msX ]n≥Xn-cn-™p-I-f-bp-I-bp-am-W-h≥
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. am{Xtam? CXn-s\√mw ]pdsa kXy-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ Xm≥
kzoI-cn-®p-h∂ [n°m-c-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Al-¶-cn-®p-sIm≠pw Zpc`n-am\w
\Sn-®p-sIm≠pw Ah≥ Xs‚ Bƒ°m-cpsS ASp-°¬ sN√p-I-bpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂p. C{Xbpw ISpØ [n°m-cn-b-W-h≥. FtSm! \n\°v Int´≠p-∂Xv
˛AsX XnI®pw \n\°v tbmPn® in£˛ Xs∂-bmWv \n\-°p-≈Xv F∂v
A√mlp Ahs\ Xm°oXv sNøp-I-bm-Wv. Bh¿Øn®m-h¿Øn®p-sIm-≠p≈
Cu Xm°o-Xv A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-t\m-Sp≈ tIm]-Øns‚ ImTn-\y-sØ-bm-Wv.
ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.
A{I-a-Im-cn-I-fmb Bfp-Iƒ°v h√ \mihpw kw`-hn-°ptºmƒ

"\n\°v Int´-≠-Xp-Inń' F∂pw, "\n\°v tbmPn-®XpXs∂-bm-W-Xv.' F∂p-
sams° ]d-bm-dp-≠-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-bp≈ Hcp {]tbm-K-amWv 34, 35 hN-\-
ß-fn¬ (∂d ¤hCG F∂v) Bh¿Øn®p-]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 31, 32 hN-\-ß-fn¬
5211
Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ ]m]-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp∂ \n\°v hfsc
tN¿∂-Xv-X-s∂-bmWv. (35 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®) B Al-¶m-chpw
Zpc`n-am-\hpw F∂n-ß-s\bpw B hm°p-Iƒ hymJym-\n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. AXm-
b-Xv, C{Xbpw [n°m-c-Øn\v apXn¿∂ \o \ns‚ B {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Al-
¶mcw sIm≈p-∂Xpw \n\°v tbmPn-®-Xp-X-s∂, AXn¬ B›-cy-an√ F∂v
kmcw. c≠m-bmepw A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-t\m-Sp≈ tIm]hpw Aa¿j-hp-am-WXv
ImWn-°p-∂Xv F∂v hy‡w. A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn\pw t{Im[-Øn\pw
]m{X-am-ImsX \sΩ-sb√mw Ah≥ ImØp-c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p:˛
!36! a\p-jy≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-
thm, Ah≥ shdpsXbßv Dt]-
£n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v?!
37! Ah≥ (K¿`m-i-b-Øn¬)

{khn-°-s∏-Sp∂ C{µn-b-Øn¬\n-
∂p- a p≈ Hcp Xpf- f n- b m- b n- c p-
∂nt√?!˛
38!]n∂o-S-h≥ Hcp c‡-]n-
Wv U - a mbn; F∂n´v (A- h - s \)
Ah≥ [A√mlp] krjvSn®p icn-
s∏-SpØn;˛
39! Aß-s\, AXn¬\n∂v
BWpw s]Æp-am-Ip∂ c≠v CW-
Isf Ah≥ D≠m-°n.
40! (A-ß-s\-bp-≈) Ah≥

ac-W-s∏-´-hsc Pohn-∏n-°p-hm≥
Ign-hp-f-f-h-\t√?!
36! KWn°p(hn-Nm-cn-°p)-∂pthm a\p-jy≥ Ah≥

Dt]-£n-°(-hn-S)-s∏-Sp-sa∂v shdpsX !37! Ah-\m-bn-cp-∂nt√
Hcp Xp≈n, _nµp C{µnb (ip-¢)-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ Hgp° ({k-
hn-°)-s∏-Sp∂, Hen-°p∂ !38! ]ns∂ Ah-\m-bn, Bbn-cp∂p
5212
Hcp c‡-]n-WvUw, tNmc-°´ F∂n´v Ah≥ krjvSn®p Aßs\
icn-s∏-Sp-Øn, sNm∆m°n !39! F∂n´v Ah-\n¬ (A-Xn¬) \n∂v
D≠m°n c≠v CW- I sf AXm- b Xv BWv s]Æv
!40! B Ah-\t√ Ign-hp-≈-h≥ Ah≥ Pohn-∏n-
°p-hm≥ ac-W-s∏´hsc
AsX, \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ AXn\v Ign-hp-≈-h≥ Xs∂! iq\ym-h-

ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp∂ a\p-jy-Po-hnsb tIhew \n m-chpw \n¿÷o-h-hp-amb Hcp
hkvXp-hn¬\n∂v D¤-hn-∏n®v ]e L´-ß-sfbpw XcWw sNøn®v Cu \ne°v
FØn® B alm-i-‡n°v Ahs‚ ac-W-tijw Ahs\ ho≠pw H∂v Pohn-
∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bptam F∂v hnti-j-_p-≤n-bp≈ Bsc-¶nepw kwi-bn-°p-
hm≥ Ah-Im-i-apt≠m?!
Cu HSp-hn-esØ hN\w HmXn-°-gn-™m¬ ∂fÉëÑ°S (\o alm-]-cn-ip-

≤≥!) F∂pw ≈∏H (C-√mtX! \n›-b-ambpw Ign-bpw) F∂v \_n ]d-™n-cp-˜
∂-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v. lZoYv kq: ap¿k-em-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬
ImWmw. (C. A.) AXp-t]mse \mapw ]d-bp-∂Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv. Cu hN-\-
ßƒ a\x-]q¿∆w A¿∞w Btem-Nn-®p-sIm≠v HmXp-∂-h≥ Xm\-dn-bm-sX-
Øs∂ A{]-Imcw ]d-t™-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.

[π° º¡∏dG]
5213
`mKw 29 ¿É°ùfE’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 76 C≥km≥
5214
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¿É°ùfE’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
76. kqdØp¬ C≥km≥

[Cu A≤ym-b-Øn\v kqd-Øp˛ ±lv¿ F∂pw t]cp-≠v.]
sh≈n-bmgvN kzp_vlv \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \_n ˜

kq: kP-Zxbpw Cu
kqdØpw HmXn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. lZoYv \mw kq: kP-
Zx-bpsS hymJym-\-Øn¬ D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
Øn¬.
1! a\p-jy≥ ]d-b-Ø° Hcp-
h-kvXphpw Bbn-cp-∂n-√mØ Hcp
Ime- L ´w Ah- s ‚- t a¬ (I- g n-
™p) t]mbn-´pt≠m?!
1! h∂n-cn-°p-∂p-thm, Ign-™p-t]mtbm a\p-jy-s‚-ta¬

Hcp Ah-k-cw, L´w, ka-bw Ime-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Ah≥
Bbn-cp-∂n-√mØ Hcp hkvXp ]d-b-Ø-°, {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏Sp∂
"D≠v, \n›-b-ambpw Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p≠v' F∂-√msX Cu tNmZy-Øn\v

DØcw ]d-bp-hm-\n-√. "a\p-jy≥' F∂ Ah-ÿ- t]m-bn´v GsX-¶nepw cq]-
Øn-ep≈ Hcp "hkvXp' F∂v t]mepw ]d-b-s∏-Sm-\n-√mØ Hcp Imew˛ F∂v
sh-®m¬ ip≤iq\y-am-bn-cp∂ F{Xtbm \o≠-\o≠ Hcp Ime-L-´w˛ Ah\v
apºv Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. BIm-i-`q-an-Iƒ°v -ap-ºv, Ah-bpsS krjvSn-°v-
tijw Cu `qan-bn¬ Pohn-Iƒ \ne-hn¬h-cp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv, AXn-\p-tijw a\p-
jy-]n-Xm-hmb BZw (A) krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºv, ]n∂o-Sv Hmtcm-cp-h\pw
5215
a\pjy krjvSn-bmbn shfn°v hcp-∂-Xn\v apºv F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Hmtcm
L´-sØ-°p-dn®pw H∂v Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI! temIØv a\p-jy-h¿Kw P∑w
sIm≈p-∂-Xn\v apºv Ah-\n¬ Ign-™p-t]mb AXn-Zo¿L-Im-esØ iq\ym-
hÿ°v hncm-a-an-´p-sIm≠v Ah\v AkvXnXzw \¬Inb Hcp krjvSn I¿Øm-
hn-√m-sX, GsX-¶nepw Hcp ip`-ap-lq¿Ø-Øn¬s]-´-∂ßv kzbw AkvXnXzw
]q≠-h-\mWv a\p-jy≥ F∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Hcp \njv]-£-_p-≤n°v Ign-bptam?
C√, ùXnI el-cn-bn¬ ab-ßn-b-tXm, I√p-t]mse ac-hn-®tXm A√mØ
Hcp _p≤n°pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√-X-s∂.
!2! (]-e-Xn-\m-epw) an{i-amb

Hcp C{µn-b-_n-µp-hn¬ \n∂v a\p-
jys\ \mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p˛
Ahs\ \mw ]co-£Ww sNøm-\m-
bn- ´ v . Aß- s \, \mw Ahs\
tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw ImWp-∂-h-\p-am-
°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
3! H∂p-In¬ (A-h≥) \µn-bp-

≈- h - \ m- b n- s °m- ≠ v , A√m- Ø -
]£w \µn-sI-´-h-\m-bn-s°m≠v
Ah\v \mw am¿Kw Imń-s°m-Sp-
Øn-cn-°p-∂p.
2! \mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p a\p-jys\ Hcp (C-{µn-

b) Xp≈n-bm¬, _nµp-hn¬\n∂v an{i-amb, Ie¿∏p-I-fmb \mw
Ahs\ ]co-£Ww sNbvXp-sIm≠v (sN-øm≥) Aßs\ (A-Xn-\m¬)
\ma-hs\ B°n tIƒ°p-∂-h≥ ImWp-∂-h≥ !3! \mw
Ah\v Imń-s°m-SpØp am¿Kw H∂p-In¬ \µn-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-
s°m≠v H∂p-In¬ (A-X-s√-¶n¬) \µn-sI-´-h-\m-bn-s°m≠v
tIhew \n m-c-amb C{µnb _nµp-hn¬\n-∂m-Wt√m a\p-jys‚ D¬`hw.

AtX ka-bØv hnhn[ hkvXp-°-fm¬ an{i-am-b-Xs{X B _nµp. ]nXm-
hn¬\n∂pw amXm-hn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ _oPmw-iß - ƒ Ie¿∂-sX∂ \ne°pw, ]pcp-
j-s‚Xv Iń-Iq-Sn-bXpw sh≈-\n-dhpw kv{XobpsSXv t\¿ØXpw a™-\n-dhpw
F∂ \ne-°pw, iotXmjvWw hmX ]nØ I^w BZn-bmb ]e {]IrXn
hnti-j-X-I-tfmSv IqSn-b-sX∂ \ne-°pw, h¿W-cq] kz`m-hm-Zn-I-fn¬ ]c-
5216
kv]cw hyXym-k-ß-sf∂ \ne-°pw˛ F∂p-th-≠, a‰v ]e \ne-°pw˛ t\m°p-
tºmƒ B sNdp _oPw F{Xtbm hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw KpW-ß-fp-sSbpw an{i-
am-sW∂v ImWmw. _lp KpW-ß-f-S-ßnb {]kvXpX _oP-Øn¬ \n∂v a\p-
jys\ A√mlp krjvSn-®n-´p-≈Xv Ah\v \µn-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-tam, AX√
\µnsI´h-\m-bn-cn-°ptam F∂ Hcp ]co-£-W-am-bn-´-s{X. Cu ]co-£-W-
Øn¬ hnPbw t\Sphm≥ th≠p∂ D]m-[n-Ifpw A√mlp Ah\v k÷-am-
°n-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. I≠pw tI´pw Imcy-ßƒ {Kln-°p-hm-\p≈ hnth-
N\ i‡n Ah\v \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. am{X-a-√, Ah≥ Ncn-t°-≠Xpw kzoI-cn-
t°-≠-Xp-amb bYm¿∞-am¿Kw C∂-Xm-sW∂pw icn°pw Ah\v Imń-s°m-
Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. BI-bm¬, B am¿Kw hn´p hy-Xn-N-en-®-h¿
ITn\ in£ A¿ln°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv XnI®pw \oXn-bp-‡-am-W-t√m. AtX
ka-bØv am¿Kw apdp-sI-]n-Sn-®-h¿°m-I-s´, Ah≥ hºn® {]Xn-êw \¬Ip-
sa∂v hmKvZm-\hpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
!4! \n›-b-ambpw \mw, Ahn-

izm-kn-Iƒ°v Nne Nß-e-I-fpw,
hne- ß p- I fpw IØn- P z- e n- ° p∂
A·nbpw Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
5! \n›- b - a m- b pw, ]pWy-

hm≥am¿ (aZyw \nd-®) Hcp Xcw
]m\-]m-{X-Øn¬\n∂v IpSn-°p-∂-
XmWv;˛ AXnse Iq´v [tNcph]
I¿∏q-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.
6!AXm-b-Xv, A√m-lp-hns‚
ASn-bm≥am¿ IpSn-°p-∂-Xmb Hcp
Ddhv (P-ew)! Ah-cXv (C-jvS-a-\p-
k-cn-®v) Hgp°n \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-
°pw.
4! \n›-b-am-bpw, \mw Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p∂p Ahn-
izm-kn-Iƒ°v, \µn-sI-´-h¿°v Nß-e-Iƒ hneßv (B-aw)
Pzen-°p∂ A·nbpw !5! \n›-b-ambpw ]pWy-hm≥am¿, k÷-\-
ßƒ Ah¿ IpSn°pw (aZyw \nd-®) tIm∏-bn¬ (]m-\-]m-{X-
Øn¬) \n∂v AXns‚ tNcph (I-e¿∏v˛ Iq´v) BIp∂p
I¿∏qcw !6! Hcp Dd-hp-Pew AXns\ IpSn°pw A√m-lp-
5217
hns‚ ASn-bm≥am¿ Ah¿ AXns\ Hgp°pw, s]mń-H-en-∏n°pw (\-S-
Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ipw) Hcp Hgp-°¬
Ipfn¿a-°pw, B\-µ-Øn\pw kpK-‘-Øn\pw hnti-j-s∏´ tNcp-h-bmWv

I¿∏q-cw. F∂m¬, kz¿K-Ønse I¿∏qchpw aZyhpw ˛a-s‰√m kz¿Kob hn`-
h-ß-fp-sa-∂-t]m-se-Ø-s∂˛ \ΩpsS ùXnI hkvXp-°-fp-ambn \ma-am-{X-_-
‘ta D≠m-bn-cn-°-bp-≈q. "A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-bm≥am¿' F∂-Xns‚ hnh£
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn e`n® k÷-\-ßƒ F∂m-Ip-∂p. Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p-
tºm-gpw, Dt±-in-°p∂ ÿeØpw btY-jvSw e`n-°p-amdv Hgp-°n-s°m≠v
t]mIm-hp∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ Hcp \ocp-d-h-bs{X {]kvXpX aZyw. Cu ASn-
bm≥am-cpsS KpW-hn-ti-j-ß-sf-¥m-sWt∂m?˛
!7! Ah¿ t\¿®sb \nd-th-‰p-

I-bpw, Xn∑ ]mdn-∏-c-°p∂ (A-
Yhm B]-Øp-Iƒ hym]n-°p-∂)-
Xmb Hcp Znh-ksØ `b-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
8! `£-W-Øn\v t{]a-ap-≈-
tXmsS (Ø- s ∂) km[p- h n- \ pw,
A\m- Y °pw, _‘- \ - ÿ \pw
Ah¿ `£Ww \¬Ip- I bpw
sNøp-∂p.
9! (A-h¿ ]dbpw:) "\n›-b-
ambpw A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn-°p-
th≠n am{Xw Rßƒ \nßƒ°v
`£Ww \¬Ip∂p; Rßƒ \nß-
fn¬\n∂v Hcp {]Xn-^-e-am-I-s´,
\µn-bm-Is´ Dt±-in-°p-∂n-√.'
10!"(hn-jm-Z-s∏-´v) apJw Npfn-
®p-t]m-Ip∂ AXn-Zp- -l-amb Hcp
Znh- k sØ Rß- f psS d∫n-
¶¬\n∂pw Rßƒ `b-s∏-Sp∂p.'
7! Ah¿ \nd-th-‰pw, ho´pw t\¿®-sb, {]Xn-⁄sb

Ah¿ `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw Hcp Znh-ksØ AXns‚ Xn∑ (sI-
Sp-Xn, tZmjw) BIp∂p ]mdn-∏c - p∂ (]-S¿∂v ]nSn-°p-∂) !8!
- °
5218
Ah¿ `£n-°m≥ sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw `£-Wk - m-[\w AXn-
t\mSv kvt\l-ap-≈-tXm-sS, t{]a-tØmsS km[p-hn-\v, ]mh-s∏-´-h\v
A\m-Y-°p-ń°pw _‘-\-ÿ-\pw, Nnd-bn¬s]-´-h\pw !9!
\n›-b-ambpw \mw \nßƒ°v `£Ww \¬Ip∂p A√m-
lp-hns‚ Xncp-ap-J-Øn\v ({]o-Xn-°v) th≠n (am-{Xw) Rßƒ (\mw)
Dt±-in-°p-∂n√ \nß-fn¬\n∂v Hcp {]Xn-^-ehpw Hcp
\µn-bpw, IrX-⁄-Xbpw C√ !10! \mw (R-ßƒ) `b-s∏-Sp∂p
Rß-fpsS d∫n-¶¬ \n∂v Hcp Znh-ksØ apJw Npfn-°p∂ (I-Tn-
\-am-b) AXn-Zp- -l-amb (I-tTm-c-am-b˛ ITn-\-ambn Npfn-°p-∂)
B ]pWy-hm≥am¿ A{Xbpw A\p-Kr-lo-X-cm-bn-Øo-cp-amdv Ah-cn-ep-≠m-

bn-cp∂ KpW-ßƒ F¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Xß-fp-sS-ta¬ \n¿_-‘-ambn I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ F√m IS-a-I-fpw, Xßƒ
sNbvXp-sIm-≈m-sa∂v kzbw {]Xn⁄ sNbvXX - p-aqew Xß-fp-sS-ta¬ \n¿_-
‘-am-bn-Øo¿∂ a‰v IS-a-Ifpw icn°pw \nd-th-‰p-I, B]Øv \nd-™-Xmb
Iznbm-aØ- \v- m-fn-s\-°p-dn®v kZm `b-ap-≈h
- c
- m-bn-cn-°p-I, km[p-°ƒ°pw A\m-
Y-Iƒ°pw _‘-\-ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°pw A∂-Zm\w sNøpI apX-em-b-h-b-
s{X {]kvXpX KpW-ßƒ. Npcp-°-Øn¬, A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ IS-∏m-Sp-Ifpw
kl-Po-hn-I-tfm-Sp≈ IS-∏m-Sp-Ifpw Ah¿ \n¿∆-ln-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bmw.
_‘\-ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°v A∂-Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ apkvenwI-sft∂m
AapkvenwI-sft∂m hyXym-k-an-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. Pbn-en-e-S-°-s∏-´-h-cpw, a‰p-X-
c-Øn¬ _‘n-°-s∏-´-hcpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. C_v\p A∫mkv
(d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se, Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn®
Ime-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘-\-ÿ¿ an°-hmdpw apivcn°p-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
hy‡-am-W-t√m. _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬ Nnd-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´-h-tcm-Sp-t]mepw \√-\n-e°v
s]cp-am-dp-hm≥ \_n ˜ I¬]n-®n-cp-∂-Xpw, kzlm-_n-Iƒ Ah-tcmSv AXn-
Yn-Is- f-∂-t]mse s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂-Xpw, Ah¿°v `£Ww \¬In-b-Xn-\p-ti-
j-a-√msX Xßƒ `£Ww Ign-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p.
[\-Øn\v Bh-iyhpw AXn-t\mSv t{]ahpw D≈-t∏mƒ AXv Zm\-
[¿a-ß-fn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv DS-a-ÿs‚ XymK-a-\x-ÿn-Xnbpw A√m-lp-
hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ {]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ Abmƒ°p≈ B{K-l-hp-amWv ImWn-°p-
∂-Xv. AXv `£-W-km-[\w IqSn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ hnti-jn®pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
`£-W-km-[-\-tØmSv t{]a-ap-≈-tXm-sS-Øs∂ Ah¿ `£Ww \¬Ipw
(¬ÑM ≈∏Y ΩÉ©£dG ¿ƒª©£jh) F∂v A√mlp {]tXyIw FSpØp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
]pWy-I¿a-ß-sf-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°p∂ as≤y ¬ÑM ≈∏Y ∫ÉŸG ≈JGh ([-\-tØmSv t{]a-
5219
ap-≈-tXmsS AXv \¬Ip-I-bpw) F∂v kqd-Øp¬ _Izdx 177 epw {]kvXm-
hn®p ImWmw. kqdx Bep-Cw-dm≥ 92 ¬, "\nßƒ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v
Nne-h-gn-°msX \nßƒ°v ]pWyw e`n-°p-∂-tX-b√' (¿ƒÑ– É‡ Gƒ≤ØæJ ≈àM ÈdG ∫ÉæJ ød)
F∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. _pJmco (d) D≤-cn® Hcp \_n-h-N\w C{]-
Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "[¿a-Øn¬sh®v G‰hpw t{ijvT-am-bXv [\-Øn\v tamln-®pw,
Zmcn-{ZysØ `b-∂pw-sIm≠v \o Btcm-Ky-hm\pw AXym¿Øn-bp-≈-h-\p-am-bn-
cns° sNøp∂ [¿a-am-Ip-∂p.'
Io¿Øn°pw t]cn\pw th≠n-tbm, Bt£-]-ß-fn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ th≠ntbm, As√-¶n¬ \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hg-ßn-tbm, As√-¶n¬ [¿aw
hmßp-∂-h-cn¬\n∂v Fs¥-¶nepw {]Xn-^-etam \µn-{]-I-S-\tam {]Xo-£n-
®p-sIm-t≠m, at‰-sX-¶nepw Xm¬]-cysØ ap≥\n-dp-Øntbm a\p-jy¿ Zm\-
[¿a-ßƒ sNøm-dp-≠v. ]t£, k÷-\ß - ƒ sNøp∂ Zm\-[¿a-ßf - psS e£yw
AsXm∂pw Bbn-cn-°-bn-√. Ah-cpsS e£yw A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn-e-`n-°-
epw, Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fnse òIc hn]-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sepw am{X-am-bn-
cn-°pw. Xß-fpsS ]°¬\n∂v [¿aw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬\n∂v GsX-¶nepw
{]Im-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp {]Xn-êw Xßƒ°v Inń-bm¬ sIm≈m-sa-t∂m, Ah¿
Xß-tfmSv \µn-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-W-sat∂m Ah¿°v Dt±-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-
I-bn-√. CXmWv 9, 10 hN-\-ß-fn¬ Ah-cpsS hm°p-I-fn-eq-sS-Øs∂ A√mlp
Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ, ]mh-ß-fpsS t\sc-bp≈ A\p-I-º-tbm,
s]mXp-hn-jb- ß
- f - n-ep≈ Hu¬kp-Iytam Imc-Wa
- mbn \√ hnj-bß- f - n¬ [\w
Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ Xs∂bpw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ icn-bmb ]pWy-I¿a-am-bn-
Øo-c-W-sa-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnbpw {]Xn-^-ehpw Bbn-cn-°Ww
AXns‚ e£yw F∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. iƒf Ée ÇôeG πµd É‰EGh (Hmtcm
a\p-jy\pw Ah≥ F¥v Dt±-int®m AXmWv D≠m-Ip-I.) F∂m-Wt√m \_n-
h-N-\w.
D]- I mcw sNbv X - h - t cmSv \µn- I m- W n- ° ¬ a\p- j ys‚ IS- a - b - s {X.

…~eÎdGh OhGO ƒHCG - ¢SÉædG ôµ°ûj ⁄ øe ¬∏dG ôµ°ûj ’(P-\-ß-tfmSv \µn-Im-Wn-°m-Ø-h≥ A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSpw \µn-Im-Wn-°p-I-bn-√. (Zm; Xn.) ]t£, D]-Imcw sNøp-∂-h≥
AXv D∂w-sh-®p-IqSm Ft∂-bp-≈q. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, sNbvX D]-Imcw
FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-hm\pw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p.264: Iô≤ÑdG - iPC’Gh øŸÉH ºµJÉb~°U Gƒ∏£ÑJ ’
(sNbvX D]-Imcw FSp-Øp-]-d™pw D]-{Zhw sNbvXpw \nß-fpsS [¿a-ßsf
\nßƒ hy¿∞-am-°n-°f - b
- c
- p-Xv.) Xß-fpsS ]°¬\n∂v A∂-Zm-\ß - ƒ kzoI-
cn-°p-∂-hsc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v k÷-\-ßƒ ]d-bp∂ hm°p-I-fmWv
9, 10 hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h¿
AXp-aqew A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈ {]Xn-^-e-a-√m-sX, Ah hmßp-∂-
h-cn¬\n∂v bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ ]Icw e`n-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂n-s√∂v Ah-
5220
tcmSv hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-sW-∂p-IqSn CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p.
º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
! 11! AXn- \ m¬, B Znh- k -

Øns‚ Xn∑sb [B]- Ø ns\]
A√mlp Ah¿°v ImØp-sIm-Sp-
°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v {]k-∂-X-
bpw, kt¥m-jhpw Ah≥ C´p-
sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
12! Ah¿ £an-®-Xp-\n-anØw

Ah¿°v (kz¿Ko-b) tXm´-hpw,
]´pw Ah≥ {]Xn-êw sImSp-°p-
∂-Xp-amWv;˛
13! AXn¬ tkm^ (A-Yhm

Aew-IrX Iń-ep)-I-fn¬ Nmcn-bn-
cp-∂p-sIm≠v (A-h¿ kpJn-°pw.)
shbn-em-I-s´, ISpw-X-Wp-∏m-I-s´,
AXn-e-h¿ ImWp-I-bn-√.
14! AXnse XW-ep-Iƒ [ac-

s°m-ºp-Iƒ] Ah¿°v aosX ASp-
Ø- X m- b n- s °m- ≠ p- a m- b n- c n- ° pw.
AXnse ]g-°p-e-Iƒ \njv{]-bm-
k-am°n kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
15!sh≈n-s°m-≠p≈ ]m{X-
ß-fpw, kv^Sn-I-ß-fmb IqP-I-fp-
ambn Ah-cn-eqsS Np‰n-\-S-°-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøpw.
16! AXm-b-Xv, sh≈n-sIm-

≠p≈ kv^SnI (a-b-am-b) ]m{X-
ßƒ! Ah¿ Ahbv°v Hcp tXmXv
\n¿W-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv.
5221
!11! AXn-\m¬ Ah¿°v ImØp-sIm-Sp-°pw, Ahsc c£n-°p-∂-
XmWv A√mlp Xn∑sb (B-]-Øn-s\), Xn≥a-bn¬\n∂v B
Znh-k-Øns‚ Ah¿°-h≥ C´p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw {]k-∂-
X, Xnf-°w, `wKn kt¥m-jhpw !12! Ah¿°v Ah≥ {]Xn-
êw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw Ah¿ £an®(k-ln-®)Xp sIm≠v
kz¿Kw, tXm´w ]´pw !13! Nmcn-bn-cp-∂hcmbn-s°m≠v AXn¬
Ae-¶rX Iń-ep-I-fn¬, tkm^-ta¬ Ah¿ ImWp-I-bn√
AXn¬ kqcy-s\, shbnev (NqSv) AXn-ssi-Xyhpw (Im-Wp-
I) C√ !14! ASp-ØX - m-bn-s°m≠pw Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ AXnse
XW-ep-Iƒ Ffp-∏-am° (\n-jv{]-bm-k-am-°˛ kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Ø)-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p AXnse (]-dn-s®Sp°p-∂) ]g-ßƒ, ]g-°p-e-
Iƒ Hcp Ffp-∏-am-°¬ !15! Npd-dn-\-S-°-s∏Spw Ah-cn¬
]m{X-ß-fp-ambn sh≈n-bm-ep≈ tIm∏ (Iq-P)-I-fp-ambpw
Ah-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p ]fp¶v (]m-{Xw)Iƒ, kv^Sn-I-ßƒ !16!
AXm-bXv ]fp-¶p-Iƒ sh≈n-sIm-≠p≈ AXns\ Ah¿ IW-
°m°n (\n¿Wbw sNbvXn)-cn-°p∂p Hcp IW-°m-°¬
Xß-fpsS IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xnepw, kz¥w Bh-iy-ßƒ Ah-K-
Wn®p Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn-ep-sa√mw Ah¿ AXn-bmb £abpw kl-
\hpw ssIsIm-t≈-≠n-h∂ - n-´p-≠t- √m. AXp-\n-anØw A√mlp Ah¿°v sImSp-
Øn-cp∂ IW-°‰ A\p-{K-l-ß-fpsS Nne DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv Cu hN-\-ß-
fnepw ASpØ hN-\ß - f
- nepw ImWp-∂X - v. AsX, Ah¿ C—n-®n-cp-∂X
- p-t]mse
Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fnse `b-¶-c-X-I-fn¬ \ns∂√mw A√mlp Ahsc ImØp-c-
£n-°p-I-bpw, AXn\v ]pdsa Ah¿W\o-b-amb kz¿Kob kpJ-ku-I-cy-
ßƒsIm≠v Ahsc A\p-{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Aß-s\, ]cn-]q¿W
kwXr-]vXnbpw AXn-c‰ kt¥m-jhpw Imem-Imew Ahsc Bt«-jn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°pw.
]g-ßƒ°v Bhiyw tXm∂p-tºmƒ Ccp-t∂m, \nt∂m, InSt∂m

\njv{]-bmkw ]dn-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-amdv {]tXyIw kuI-cy-ß-tfm-Sp-
Iq- S n- b mWv kz¿K- Ø nse ê- h r- £ - ß ƒ ÿnXn- s N- ø p- ∂ Xv F∂s{X
Ó«dòJ É¡aƒ£b â∏qdP (A-Xnse ]g-°p-e-Iƒ \njv{]-bmkw kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-
°p-∂p) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw. ábÉ◊G-á«fGO É¡aƒ£b (A-Xnse ]g-°p-e-
Iƒ ASpØv hcp-∂-h-bm-Wv.)
5222
"]dn-°m-dmb ê-ßƒ, ]dn-s®-SpØ ê-ßƒ, ]g-°p-e-Iƒ' F∂o
A¿∞-ßƒ hcp∂ ]Z-amWv ±ƒ£b (Izp-Xzq-^v). ]m\-]m-{X-ß-fp-ambn Np‰n-\-S-
°p∂ ]cn-Nm-c-I≥am¿ Bcm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v 19 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-
∂p-≠v. ]m{X-ßƒ sh≈n-sIm-≠p-≈-h-bm-sW-¶nepw Ah \ΩpsS sh≈n-
]m-{X-ßƒ t]mse-b-√. kv^Sn-I-k-am-\-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚bpw lnX-
Øn\pw Bh-iy-Øn\pw A\p-k-cn®v IW-°m-°n-bm-bn-cn°pw ]cn-Nm-c-I≥am-
cmb _me≥am¿ AXv sIm≠p-h∂p sImSp-°p-∂-Xv.
!17! AXn¬ Ah¿°v (aZyw

\nd-®) Hcp Xcw ]m\-]m-{Xhpw
IpSn- ° p- h m≥ sImSp- ° - s ∏Spw;
AXns‚ tNcp-h[- Iq´v] C©n-bm-bn-
cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
18! AXm-b-Xv, "k¬k_o¬'
F∂v t]cp-]-d-b-s∏-Sp∂ AXnse
Hcp Ddhv (P-ew)!
19! imizX (am-b- \-h-Xz)
PohnXw \¬I-s∏-´-h-cmb Nne
Ipń-Iƒ Ah-cn-eqsS Np‰n-\-S-∂p-
sIm- ≠ p- a n- c n- ° pw; Ahsc \o
I≠m¬, hnX-dn-bn-S-s∏´ apØp-I-
fmWv Ah-sc∂v \o hnNm-cn-°p-∂-
XmWv!
20! AhnsS \o I≠m¬, Hcp
(a- l - Ø m- b ) kpJm- \ p- { K- l hpw
hep-Xmb Hcp cmP-Io-b-Xbpw (A-
Yhm km{am- P yhpw) \n\°v
ImWm-hp-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
21! Ah-cpsS taen¬ ]®
h¿W-amb t\¿a-∏ńs‚ hkv{X-ß-
fpw, Iń- ∏ ´pw (A- Y hm Ikhv
hkv{X-hpw) D≠m-bn-cn°pw;
sh≈n- s Im≠p≈ hf- I fpw
Ah¿°v AWn- b n- ° - s ∏- S pw.
AhcpsS d∫v Ah¿°v hfsc
ip≤-amb Hcp (X-cw) ]m\obw
IpSn-°p-hm≥ sImSp-°p-∂X - p-am-Wv.
5223
!22! (tl, ]pWy-hm≥am-tc)
\n›- b - a mbpw CXv (H- s °- b pw)
\nßƒ°v {]Xn-^-e-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-
Xm- I p- ∂ p. \nß- f psS ]cn- { iaw
\µn-]q¿hw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´-Xp-am-
Ip∂p (F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Spw)
17! Ah¿°v IpSn-°m≥ sImSp°pw (Ip-Sn-∏n-°-s∏-Spw)

AXn¬sh®v Hcp (aZyw \nd-®) ]m\-]m{Xw AXns‚ tNcph
Bbn-cn°pw C©n !18! AXm-bXv Hcp Ddhv AXn-ep≈
AXn\v t]cv ]d-b-s∏Spw k¬k-_o¬ F∂v !19! Ah-
cn¬ Np‰n \S°pw Nne Ipń-Iƒ imiz-XXzw \¬I-s∏´hcmb
\o Ahsc I≠m¬ \o Ahsc KWn-°pw, hnNm-cn°pw
apØm-sW∂v hnX-d-s∏´ !20! \o I≠p-sh-¶ntem AhnSw
\o ImWpw, \n\°v ImWmw Hcp kuJyw, A\p-Kr-loX kpJw
Hcp cmP-Io-b-X-bpw, cmP-Xz-hpw, km{am-Pyhpw hep-Xm-b, hºn®
!21! Ah-cpsS taep-≠m-bn-cn°pw hkv{X-ßƒ t\¿a (an-
\p- )-∏-ńs‚ ]®-bmb Iń (I-k-hv) ]´pw Ah¿°v AWn-
bn-°s
- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw, B`-cWw CS-s∏Spw Nne hf-Iƒ sh≈n-
sIm-≠p≈ Ah¿°v IpSn-°m≥ sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw Ah-
cpsS d∫v Hcp ]m\obw hfsc ip≤-amb !22! \n›-b-
ambpw CXv BIp-∂p, Bbn-cn-°p∂p \nßƒ°v {]Xn-êw
-\n-ß-fpsS ]cn-{iaw (A-≤zm-\w) BIp-∂p, Bbn-cn-°p∂p \µn-
sNø (\-µn-]q¿∆w kzoI-cn-°)-s∏-´Xv
I¿∏q-c-°-e¿∏p≈ Hcp Xcw Dd-hp-a-Zy-sØ-∏‰n apºv-]-d-™p-h-t√m.

AXp-t]mse C©n-°e - ¿∏p≈ as‰mcp Dd-hp-aZ- y-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS c≠m-
aXv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. lrZyhpw Bkzm-Zy-I-c-hp-amb Nph-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-
Wt√m C©n-bpw. Ad-_n-Iƒ C©n-c-k-sØ∏‰n hfsc ]pI-gvØn-∏-d-bm-dp-
≈-Xp-am-Wv. "k¬k-_o¬' (Ó«Ñ°ù∏°S) F∂v A√mlp Ddhv Pe-Øn\v \ma-I-
cWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-√m-sX, B hm°ns‚ A¿∞w F¥m-sW∂v Xn´-
ambn \ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ km[m-cW ImW-s∏-Sm-dn-√mØ
Hcp ]Z-am-W-Xv. Izp¿-B-\n-e-√msX B hm°v I≠n-ń-s√-∂p-t]mepw Nne
5224
alm≥am¿ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kz¿K-ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°v ]m\o-b-ß-fp-
ambn D]-Nm-c-tk-h\w \S-Øp∂ _me≥am-sc-∏‰n ¿h~∏fl (im-izXPohnXw
\¬I-s∏-´-h¿) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xn¬\n∂v Ah-cpsS Iuam-c-\-h-Xz-Øn\v
Hcp ImeØpw tIm´w X´p-Ib - n-s√∂v a\- n-em-°mw. apØp-hn-Xd
- n-bt- ]mse
F∂ D]a Ah-cpsS IuXp-I-hpw-, `wKn-bpw, hSnbpw DZm-l-cn-°p-∂p. IqSm-
sX, Ah-cpsS FÆ-Øns‚ B[n-Iyhpw AXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. Nne
{]tXyI ]m\o-b-ß-sf-∏-ddn {]kvXm-hn® tijw 21 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ d∫v
Ah¿°v hfsc ip≤-amb Hcp ]m\obw \¬Ip-sa∂v ho≠pw DW¿Øn-
bXv {it≤-b-am-Wv. AXv Ah-cpsS a\- n\pw, ico-c-Øn-\pw, kz`m-h-
ßƒ°p-sa√mw Xs∂ IqSp-X¬ ]cn-ip≤n \¬Ip∂ as‰mcp A\p-Kr-loX
]m\o-b-am-bn-cn-°m-sa∂v Nne alm≥am¿ ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂p. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
kµ¿`-a-\p-k-cn®v Nne-t∏m-sg√mw CXn-\p-apºv \mw Nq≠n-°m-ń-
bn-´p≈ Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ ChnsS ho≠pw A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv Aÿm-\-
Øm-bn-cn-°-bn-√. kz¿Kob Pohn-X-sØbpw AXnse hn`h-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v Izp¿-
B-\ntem lZo-Yntem h√Xpw ]d-bp-tºmƒ˛ \c-IsØ kw_-‘n®pw AXp-
t]m-se-Ø-s∂˛ D]-tbm-Kn® ]Z-ß-sfbpw, B ]Z-ß-fpsS `mjm¿∞-sØbpw
am{Xw t\m°n Ah-sb-∏‰n A\p-am\w \S-Øn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xm-Ip∂p. ImcWw; H∂m-
a-Xm-bn, ]c-temI kw_-‘a - mb Imcy-ßƒ F√mw-Xs∂ \ΩpsS Adn-hn\pw
A\p-am-\-Øn\pw AXo-X-am-b-hbpw \ap°v A]-cn-Nn-X-ß-fp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
ac-Wtijw A\p-`h-Øn¬ ImWp-tºm-g-√msX AhbpsS km£m¬ cq]-
Øn¬ Ahsb a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ \ap°v Hcn-°epw Ign-bn-√. c≠m-a-Xm-
bn, \ap°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb `mj-bn-eq-sSbpw {]tbm-K-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp-a-√msX
GXp-Im-cyhpw \ap°v hnh-cn-®p-X-cp-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AYhm Ah-bpsS
bYm¿∞-cq-]-Øn¬ Ah-sb-∏‰n hyh-l-cn-°p∂ a‰p-h√ A]-cn-Nn-X-hm-
°p-Iƒ aptJ-\bpw \tΩmSv kwkm-cn-®n´v Imcy-an-√. BI-bm¬ \ap-°-dn-
bm-hp∂ hm°p-If - n¬ \sΩ ]cn-Nb - s
- ∏-Sp-Øp-hmt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. AXp-
sIm≠v kz¿K-Ønse ]gw, I≈v, sh≈n, ]´v, hf XpS-ßnb Hmtcm-
∂n\pw AtX t]cp-I-fn¬ \ap-°-dn-bm-hp∂ AX-Xv -h-kvXp-°-fpsS tXmXp-
sh®v cq]w I¬]n-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. 20 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬\n-∂v Xs∂
Cu bmYm¿∞yw Gsd-°psd a\- n-em-°mw. kz¿K-Ønse hkvXp-°-sf-
∏‰n "Hcp IÆpw I≠n-ń-√m-Ø-Xpw, Hcp sNhnbpw tIń-ń-√m-Ø-Xpw, Hcp
a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-Ønepw tXm∂n-bn-ń-√mØXp-am-bn-cn°pw Ah' F∂v lZo-Yn¬
h∂n-´p-≈Xv Cu bmYm¿∞y-amWv hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. (kq: kPZ: 17s‚ hymJym-
\-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p-≈ lZoYv t\m°p-I.) A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw Ahs‚
]pWy-hm≥amcmb ASn-bm≥am-cn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-c-s´. Bao≥.
5225
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!23! \n›-b-ambpw \mw Xs∂-
bmWv \ns‚ ta¬ Izp¿-B≥ Hcp
({I- t a- W - b m- b p- ≈ ) Ah- X - c n- ∏ n-
°¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
24! AXn-\m¬ \ns‚ c£n-
Xm-hns‚ hn[n°v \o £an-®p-sIm-
≈pI; Ah-cn¬\n-∂v bm-sXmcp
]m]n-sb-tbm, Ahn-izm-kn-bm-bp-
≈-h-s\tbm \o A\p-k-cn-°bpw
sNø-cp-Xv.
25! cmhn-se-bpw, sshIp-t∂-

c-hpw, \ns‚ d∫ns‚ \maw \o
kvacn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
26! cm{Xn-bn¬\n-∂pw-Xs∂
(A-ev]-t\-cw) \o Ah\v kpPqZv
[kmjvSmw- K - \ - a - k vImcw]
sNøWw; Hcp \o≠ (k- a - b w)
cm{Xn Ah\v Xkv_olpw
[{]Io¿Ø-\hpw] \S-Ø-Ww.
23! \n›-b-ambpw \mw Xs∂ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p, Cd°n

\ns‚-ta¬ Izp¿-Bs\ - n-∏n-°¬, Cd-°¬ !24!
Hcp Ah-Xc
AXn-\m¬ £an-°p-I, kln-°pI hn[n°v \ns‚ d∫ns‚
A\p-kc
- n-°p-Ibpw AcpXv A
- h
- c
- n¬ \n∂v Hcp ]m]n-sbbpw
As√-¶n¬ Ahn-izm-kn-bm-bp-≈-h-s\, \µn-sI-´-hs\ !25!
\o kvacn-°pI (Hm¿°p-I˛ Io¿Ø\w sNøp-I)bpw sNøpI \ns‚
d∫ns‚ \maw Ime-Øv, cmhnse sshIp-t∂-c-hpw, sshIo´pw
!26! cm{Xn-bn¬\n∂pw Xs∂ Ahs\ \o kpPqZv sNøpI
5226
Ahs\ {]Io¿Ø\w sNøp-I, hmgvØp-Ibpw thWw cm{Xn
\o≠, Zo¿Ln® (k-a-bw)
Izp¿Bs\ H∂mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°msX kµ¿`-a-\p-k-cn®v KUp-

°-fm-bpw, kmh-Im-i-ambpw Ah-X-cn-∏n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv
23 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-b-\p-k-cn-
®m-sW-∂pw, AXv Xr]vXn-s∏-´p-sIm-≈-W-sa-∂pw, kl-\-tØmSpw £a-
tbmSpwIqSn IrXy-ß-sf√mw \n¿∆-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw, AXn-s\-
Xn-cn¬ hne-ß-Sn-°p∂ GXv ]m]n-I-sfbpw \ntj-[n-I-sfbpw A\p-k-cn-
°p-Itbm Ah¿°v hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-°p-Itbm sNø-cp-sX∂pw A√mlp
\_n˜tbmSv I¬]n-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ I¬]-\-Iƒ Xncp-ta-\n°v IqSp-
X¬ at\m-ss[-cyhpw ZrV-a-\-kvI-Xbpw Df-hm-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-
Xn-√. am\-knIi‡nbpw Bflo-b] - c
- n-ip-≤nbpw hf¿Øp-∂X - mWv \a-kvIm-
cw, Xkv_o-lv, ZnIv¿ apX-emb I¿a-ßƒ. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-sb-∏-‰nbpw
{]tXyIw Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. IÓ°üdGh È°üdÉH Gƒæ«©à°SGh (\n-ßƒ £a-sIm≠pw
\a-kvIm-cw-sIm≠pw klmbw tXSn-s°m-≈p-I.)
cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw d∫ns‚ \maw kvacn-°pI F∂v

]d-™X - n¬ kzp_vlv, fzplv¿, Akzv¿ F∂o \a-kvIm-cß - ƒ aptJ-\b- p≈
kvac-W-bpw, cm{Xn Ipd®v kabw kpPqZv sNø-W-sa∂v ]d-™-Xn¬
aKvcn_pw, CimDw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. cm{Xn Zo¿L-t\cw Xkv_o-lv˛
kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w ˛\-SØ - W - s- a∂v ]d-™X - n¬ cm{Xn-bnse Xl-÷pZv
\a-kvImcw XpS-ßnb ZnIvdp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. AYhm CXp-t]m-se-bp≈
I¬]-\-I-fpsS {]mtbm-KnI cq]-ß-fm-bn-s°m-≠mWv \_n˜ AsX√mw
kap-Zm-bØ- n\v ImWn-®p-X∂- n-cn-°p-∂X
- v. "ZnIv¿˛ Xkv_o-lv˛ kpPqZv' F∂n-
h-sb-∏-‰n-bpw, ta∏Sn ka-b-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw kq: A≥I-_qØv 45; kq: dqw 17,
18 apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ apºv hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
!27! \n›-b-am-bpw, C°q-´¿

£Wn-I-am-b-Xns\ [sFln-I-Po-
hn-XsØ] CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p;`mc-ta-
dnb Hcp Znh-ksØ Ah¿ Xß-
fpsS ]pd-In¬ hn´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
5227
!28! \mas{X Ahsc krjvSn-
®-Xpw, Ah-cpsS (i-co-c) LS-\sb
_e-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xpw. \mw Dt±-in-
®m¬, Ah¿°v Xpey- a m- b - h sc
\mw (A-h¿°v) ]I-c-am-°n-s°m-
≠p-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
27! \n›-b-ambpw C°q-´¿ Ah¿ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p,

kvt\ln-°p∂p £Wn-I-amb (thKw Ign-bp-∂)-Xns\ Ah¿
hnSpI (D-t]-£n-°p-I)bpw sNøp∂p Ah-cpsS ]n∂n¬, ]pd-In¬
`mc-ta-dnb Hcp Znhkw !28! \mw, \mas{X Ahsc krjvSn-
®p, krjvSn-®Xv \mw _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp, Dd-∏n-®Xpw
Ah-cpsS (i-co-c) LS-\, k‘p°-fpsS sI´p-d∏v \mw Dt±-in-
®m¬, Dt±-in-°p-tºmƒ \mw ]I-c-am°pw Ah¿°v Xpey-am-b-h-
sc, Ah-sc-t∏m-ep-≈-hsc Hcp ]I-c-am-°¬
Ign™ kqd-Ønse 20, 21 hN-\-ß-fnse Bi-bw-X-s∂-bmWv 27 ˛mw hN-

\-Ønepw ImWp-∂-Xv. AhnsS "]c-temIw (IôNB’G)' F∂-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv
ChnsS "`mc-ta-dnb Hcp Znhkw (Ó«≤K Éeƒj)' F∂m-Wp-≈-Xv. CXv Iznbm-a-Øv
\m-fm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Wv. Xß-fpsS apºn¬ ImWp∂ £Wn-I-amb sFln-
I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ am{X-amWv Ah¿°v {]Xn-]-Øn-bp-≈-Xv. Ah-cpsS ]n∂mse
ASp-Ø-SpØv h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ B `mc-ta-dnb Znh-ksØ Ah¿ Xosc
Ah-K-Wn-®p-I-f-bp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah¿ k≥am¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°m-
ØXv F∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
28 ˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ Ah-km-\`mKw c≠p-{]-Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p:
(1) \mw Dt±-in-°p-tºmƒ, AYhm ]p\x-cp-∞m-\Z- n-hkw Ahsc ]pXn-

sbmcp krjvSn-bm°n am‰n-s°m≠v Fgp-t∂¬]n-°pw.
(2) \mw Dt±-in-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Ahsc am‰n Ah-sc-t∏m-se-bp≈

thsdmcp Iq´-sc˛ AYhm cq]-Øn¬ Xpey-cm-sW-¶nepw kz`m-h-Ønepw a‰pw
hyXy-kvX-cmb Hcp Iq´sc ˛C-hnsS ]Icw sIm≠p-h-cpw. kq: ^mXzn¿ 16
apX-emb Nne Bb-Øp-I-fnse Bibw A\p-k-cn-®p-≈-XmWv Cu hymJym-
\w. aq∂m-a-Xmbn thsdm-c`n-{]mbw IqSn ImWmw. \mamWv Ahsc krjvSn-
5228
®Xpw Ah-cpsS ico-c-L-S\ _e-s∏SpØn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. F∂n-cn-s°, \mw
Dt±-in-°p∂]£w, Ah-cpsS Cu ico-c-L-S-\-b-√msX as‰mcp ico-c-L-S-\-
bp-≈-hsc Cu `qan-bn¬Xs∂ \mw Ah¿°v ]I-c-ambn sIm≠ph-cpw
F∂s{X B A`n-{]m-bw. H∂m-a-tØ-Xn\v `mjm-]-c-amb Nne \ymbo-I-c-W-
ßfpw (*) c≠m-asØ A`n-{]m-b-Øn\v Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fpsS ]n≥_-ehpw
Nq≠n-°m-´-s∏-Sp-∂p. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
!29! \n›-ba - mbpw CsXmcp (a-
l-Øm-b) D]-tZiw (A-Yhm kvac-
W) BIp- ∂ p. BI- b m¬ B¿
(th- W - s a- ∂ v) Dt±- i n- ® pthm
Ah≥, Xs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v (th-
≠p-∂) am¿Kw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-
≈-s´.
!30! A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-
bm-e-√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂-
Xp-a√. \n›-b-ambpw, A√mlp
k¿h-⁄-\pw, AKm-[-⁄-\p-am-
Ip-∂p.
31! Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc
Ah≥ Xs‚ Imcp- W y- Ø n¬
{]th- i n- ∏ n- ° p∂p; A{I- a n-
Iƒ°mI-s´, Ah¿°v thZ-\-tb-
dnb in£ Ah≥ Hcp-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
29! \n›-b-ambpw CXv Hcp D]-tZ-i-am-Wv, kvac-W-bmWv

BI-bm¬ B¿ Dt±-in-®pthm Ah≥ G¿s∏-SpØn (D-≠m-°n)-
s°m-≈-s´, kzoI-cn°mw Xs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v am¿Kw, t\¿hgn
!30! \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂X
- p-a√ Dt±-in-°p-∂X
- m-bX
- √
- msX
A√mlp \n›-bambpw A√mlp Ah-\m-Ip∂p k¿∆-⁄≥
AKm-[-⁄≥, bp‡n-am-\mb !31! Ah≥ {]th-in-∏n°pw
¬Yƒbh ≥≤– Éª«a ¿ƒµj É¡∏ª©à°SÉa "GPEG' ±ÓîH ´ƒbƒdG Ωƒ∏©e Éª«a É«dÉZ πª©à°ùJ ’ ô°ùµdÉH "¿CG' ¿C’: »æ©j (*)
5229
Xm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂-hsc F
- s‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ A-{I-an-Iƒt°m
A-h¿°-h≥ Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p -th-Z-\-tb-dnb in£
29 ˛mw hN-\w-t]mse kq: apkvk-Ωn¬ 19 epw Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. AtX

Dt±iyw Xs∂-bmWv Chn-sS-bpw. Cu kqd-Øn¬ CtX-h-sc-bmbn ]pWy-
hm≥am-cmb k÷-\-ß-fp-sSbpw, Ah-cpsS FXn¿]-£-°m-cmb Zp¿P-\-ß-
fp-sSbpw ÿnXn-K-Xn-I¬ ]eXpw hnh-cn-®p. kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-I-fpw, `b-
hm¿Ø-Ifpw ]eXpw Ign-™p. A\-¥cw al-Ømb Hcp D]-tZ-i-am-Wn-sX-
∂pw, thW-sa-∂p-≈-h¿ AXv kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈s´ F∂pw Xm°oXv \¬In.
XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞yw A√mlp Hm¿an-∏n-°p-
∂p. a\p-jy\v GsXmcp Imcyhpw Dt±-in-°p-hm\pw AXv {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-
hm\pw km[n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ AXn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±iyw IqSn D≠m-bn-cn-
t°-≠-Xp-≠v. a\p-jy≥ k≥am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw A√mlp Dt±-
in-°p-tºmtg D≠mhp-I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬, Bscm-s°-bmWv k≥am¿Kw {]m]n-
°p-hm≥ A¿l-X-bp≈-h¿, Bscm-s°-bmWv AXn\v A¿l-c-√m-Ø-h¿,
Ft∏m-gm-W-Xns‚ kµ¿`w Fs∂m-s°-bp≈ Imcy-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v
icn°pw Adn-bmw. AsX, Ah≥ am{X-amWv AsXms° Adn-bp-∂h - ≥. Hmtcm
Imcyhpw bYm-tbmKyw bp‡-amb \ne-bn¬am{Xw Ah≥ ssIImcyw sNøp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ F√mw Adn-bp∂ k¿∆-⁄-\m-Wv.
bp‡n-am\pw AKm-[-⁄-\p-am-Wv. ( Éª«µM Éª«∏Y ¿Éc ¬∏dG ¿EG) Cu hnj-b-I-ambn 20
˛mw hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ hnkvX-cn®p hnh-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv Hm¿°p-I.
Ah-km-\-am-bn, CtX-hsc kwkm-cn® hnj-b-ß-fpsS cXv\-®p-cp-°-
sa-t∂m-Ww, A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ Xs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ {]th-
in-∏n-°p-sa-∂pw, A{I-an-Iƒ°v thZ-\-tb-dnb in£ Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-s≠∂pw
H∂p-IqSn A\p-kvac - n-∏n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn\v ]m{X-
am-bn-Øo-cp-∂h - ¿˛ AYhm k÷-\ß - f
- mb `mKy-hm≥am¿˛ Bcm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AsX, A{I-an-Ifpw tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fpw A√m-Ø-
h¿ Xs∂. A√mlp A{I-an-I-fmb P\-ßsf k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂-X-√.
(∞°üdG -ÚŸÉ¶dGΩƒ≤dG…~¡j ’ ¬∏dGh) tXm∂n- b - h m- k n- I - f mb P\- ß - s fbpw Ah≥
k≥am¿K-Øn-em-°pI-bn√ (∞°üdG -Ú≤°SÉØdG Ωƒ≤dG …~¡j ’ ¬∏dGh) At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-
hn\v Ahs‚ hn[n \n¿W-b-Øn¬ XnI®pw \ymb-ap-s≠∂v hy‡-am-b-t√m.
(á¨dÉÑdG áé◊G ¬∏∏a πb)
áæŸGh π° ØdGh ~ª◊G ¬dhG ôNGh ’qhCG ¬∏d ~ª◊Gh ]

[áæŸGh
5230
`mKw 29 äÓ°SôŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 77 ap¿k-emØv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
äÓ°SôŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
77. kqdØp¬ ap¿k-emØv

Øn¬.
1! ]Xn-hmbn [XpS¿®-bmbn]
Ab-°-s∏-Sp-∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
2! Aß-s\, (Dut°msS-bp-
≈) Hcp ASn-®p-ho-i¬ hoip-∂h
Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
3! ]c- Ø n- h ym- ] n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ -
hbpw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
4! F∂n´v th¿Xn-cn®p hnth-
N\w sNøp-∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
5! Aß-s\, ktµiw (A-
Yhm D]-tZ-iw) C´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h-
bmW (k-Xyw)!˛
6! AXm- b - X v , Hgn- I - g nhv ,
As√- ¶ n¬ ap∂- d n- b n∏v (C-
´psImSp°p-∂-h)
7! \n›-b-ambpw \nß-tfmSv
hmKv Z Øw (A- Y hm Xm°o- X v )
sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kw`hn-°p-∂-Xp-X-
s∂-bm-Ip-∂p.
5231
!1! Ab-°-s∏-´h (hn-´-b-°-s∏-´-h) Xs∂-bmW ]Xn-hm-
bn, XpS¿®-bm-bn, \∑-bmbn !2! F∂n´v (A-ß-s\) ASn-®phoip∂-
h-bmW Hcp ASn-®p-ho-i¬ (Du-t°m-sS) !3! ]c-Øp∂ (hym-
]n-∏n-°p-∂˛ hnX-cWw sNøp-∂)hbpw Xs∂-bmW Hcp ]c-Ø¬, hym]n-
∏n-°¬ !4! F∂n´v (A-ß-s\) hnth-N\w (hy-Xym-kw) sNøp-∂h
Xs∂-bmW Hcp hnth-N-\w, hyXymkw !5! F∂n´v (A-ß-s\)
C´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂h Xs∂-bmW ktµ-iw, D]-tZ-iw, kvac-W, {]kvXm-
h\ !6! AXm-bXv Hgn-I-gn-hv, Hgn-I-gn-hn-\mbn As√-¶n¬ ap∂-dn-
bn-∏v, Xm°o-Xn-\mbn !7! \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ Xm°oXv (hm-KvZ-
Øw) sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kw`-hn-°p∂ (D-≠m-Ip-∂)-Xp-Xs∂
kqx kzm^v^mØv, kqd: Zmcn-bmØv F∂n-h-bn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se-
bp≈ Nne kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fmWv BZysØ A©v hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv.
Hmtcm-∂nepw ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p≈ hnti-j-W-ß-fm¬ hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏´ hkvXp˛
AYhm Ah-sIm≠v hnh-£n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv˛ GXm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°-
s∏-ń-ń-√. AXn-\m¬ ChnsS hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°v ]e hyXy-kvXm-`n-{]m-bß
- fpw
ImWmw.
(1) A©v hN-\-ß-fnepw ae-°p-I-fmWv Dt±-iy-sa∂pw
(2) F√mw Im‰ns\ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw
(3) F√mw \_n-amsc Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw
(4) F√mw Izp¿B≥ hN-\-ßsf Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw
(5) ae-°p-Iƒ, {]hm-N-I≥am¿, kZvhrØ-cmb ]WvUn-X≥am¿ apX-

em-b-hsc Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw
(6) BZysØ aq∂v hN-\-ßfpw Im‰ns\ Dt±-in-®pw, ]n∂o-Sp≈

c≠pw ae-°p-Isf Dt±-in-®p-am-sW∂pw
(7) Ah-km-\-tØ-Xvam{Xw ae-°p-Isf Dt±-in-®pw, _m°n Im‰n-

s\tbm at‰m Dt±-in-®p-am-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ImWmw. A√mlp {]kvXm-
hn® hm°p-I-fpsS A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Xc-Øn¬ Hmtcm A`n-
{]m-b-°mcpw Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn\v hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
5232
F∂m¬, ap≥Km-an-I-fmb an° alm≥amcpw kzoI-cn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xpw,
kzlm-_n-I-fn¬\n∂pw Xm_n-D-I-fn¬\n∂pw {]am-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Ch-bn¬
c≠v A`n-{]m-b-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. AXm-bXv F√m-‰nepw Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv
ae-°p-I-fm-sW-∂pw, BZysØ aq∂nepw Im‰pw, HSp-hn-esØ c≠nepw ae-
°p-I-fp-am-sW-∂pw, Cu c≠v A`n-{]m-b-ß-fn¬ c≠m-a-tØ-XmWv IqSp-X¬
kzoIm-cy-am-bn-tØm-∂p-∂-Xv. ImcWw C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) apX-em-b-h¿ Nq≠n-
°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se˛ BZysØ aq∂v hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ KpW-
ßƒ Im‰ns‚ KpW-ß-fmbn thsd Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-
s∏´p ImWmw. Ah-km-\sØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ae-°p-
I-fm-sW∂v C_v\p-akvDuZv, C_v\p-A-∫m-kv, akvdq-Jv, apPm-ln-Zv, IzØm-Zx,
d_o-Dv, kp±o, Yuco (º¡æY ¬∏dG »°VQ) F∂n-h-cn¬\n∂v cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ h∂n-´p-ap-
≠v. am{X-a-√, 5 Dw 6 Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ hnti-jX Im‰n-s‚-
Xmbn hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ Ipd®v kml-k-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-ap-≠v. º∏YCG ¬∏dG
A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-am-Ip∂ ag-sb-°p-dn®v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø

Adn-bn-°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ Ah≥ Im‰ns\ Ab-°p∂p; Aß-s\, Ah I\Ø
taL-ßsf hln-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂p; F∂n´v \n¿Po-h-am-bn-°n-S-°p∂
\mń\p ag \\-°p∂p; AXp-aqew F√m ê-h¿K-ßfpw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p
Fs∂ms° kqd: AAvdm^v, 57 ¬ ImWmw. GXm≠v CtX {]Im-c-Øn-ep≈
hnti-j-W-ßƒ Im‰n-s\-°p-dn®v thsd ÿe-ß-fnepw ]d™p ImWm-hp-∂-
Xm-Wv. Gsd-°psd Cu Bibw Xs∂-bmWv Chn-sSbpw Im‰p-I-sf-°p-dn®v
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 4 Dw 5 Dw hN-\-ß-fpsS kmcw C{]-Imcw ]dbmw: kXym-
k-Xy-ßƒ°pw, \ymbm-\ym-b-ßƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ hnth-N\w FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°p∂ ae-°p-I-sf-sIm≠v Ah-bn¬ A√m-lp kXyw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Im‰n-
s‚bpw, ae-°p-If
- p-sSbpw t]cn¬ i]Yw sNbvXX - n¬ A¥¿`-hn® Hcp XXzw
CXmWv: Im‰p-Iƒ a\p-jys‚ sFln-I-hpw, imco-cn-I-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn\pw
A`n-hr-≤n°pw Bh-iy-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ Im‰ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\hpw Ne-\ß - fpw
a\p-jy\v Imäm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se, a\p-jys‚ ]mc-{Xn-I-
hpw, Bflo-b-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn\pw A`n-hr-≤n°pw Bh-iy-amb Hcp ag˛
ssZhnI ktµ-i-ß-fm-Ip∂p ag-˛-bpw, AXp-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂ AZr-iy- kr-jvSn-
I-fmb ae-°p-Ifpw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. Ch c≠pw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-ß-
fn¬ s]´-Xm-WvXm-\pw.
hlvbns‚ hml-I-\mb ae°v Pn_vco¬ (A) BsW-∂n-cn-s°, ChnsS

ae-°p-I-sf-∏‰n _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-sIm≠v Bi-b-°p-g-∏-
Øn-\-h-Im-i-an-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ ktµ-i-ßƒ `qan-bn-te°v FØn-°p-∂-Xn¬
thsd ae-°p-Iƒ°pw ]¶p-s≠∂v Izp¿-B-\n¬\n-∂p-Xs∂ hy‡-am-bn-´p-≈-
Xm-Ip-∂p. ]e alm≥amcpw ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Pn_vco¬ (A) Ah-cp-sS-
5233
sb√mw Xe-h-\m-bn-cn-°mw. C_vdmlow \_n (A)°v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bpw,
eqXzv \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X°v in£-h-cm≥-t]m-Ip-∂p-sh∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏pw
sIm≠p-h∂ ae-°p-Iƒ H∂n-e[ - nIw t]cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-ht- √m. hlvbns‚ kwc-
£-Wm¿∞w apºnepw ]nºnepw A√mlp c£m-tk-\sb Ab-°p-sa∂v kqx
Pn∂nepw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
ssZhnI ktµ-i-ß-fn¬ in£-I-sf-°p-dn®p≈ Xm°o-Xp-Ifpw ap∂-
dn-bn-∏p-Ifpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v
Xßƒ Ip‰-°m-c-s√-∂pw, Xßƒ°v t\¿am¿Kw F¥m-sW∂v Adnhv Inń-bn-
cp-∂n-s√∂pw hmZn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-kcw AXp-aqew Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v \jvS-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah-sb-∏‰n GQòf hCG GQòY (H-gn-Ig
- nhv As√-
¶n¬ Xm°o-Xv) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
F\n, A©v kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fnepw ae-°p-I-fmWv Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂Xv F∂p-sh-°p-tºmƒ BZysØ aq∂v hN-\-ß-fpsS kmcw. ssZhnI
ktµ-i-ß-fp-ambn XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc Ab-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, DSs\ AXn-thKw B
ktµ-i-ßƒ FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ae-°p-I-sf-s°m≠v kXyw
sNøp∂p F∂m-bn-cn-°pw. GXm-bmepw Cu al-Ømb ˛A¿∞-K¿-am-b˛ kXy-
hm-N-I-ß-sf-s°m≠v kXyw-sNbvXp A√mlp Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp∂ hnjbw
F¥mWv? AX-s{X, Ggmw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. AsX,™bGƒd ¿h~YƒJ É‰EG (\n-›-
b-ambpw \nß-tfmSv hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw kw`-hn-°p-∂X
- p-Xs
- ∂) F∂v!
]c-tem-Iw, ]p\¿Po-hn-Xw, A¥y-\mƒ c£m-in-£-Iƒ BZn-bm-bh kw`hn-
°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Dd-∏mb hnizm-k-am-Wt√m F√m \∑-bp-sSbpw ASn-
Ø-d. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ B Znhkw kw`-hn-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ Kuc-h-
ta-dnb Nne {]Xym-Lm-X-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂p:˛
!8! F∂m¬, \£-{X-ßƒ (sh-
fn-®w) XpS-®p-am-bn-°-s∏-´m¬!˛
9! BImiw (Xp-d∂
- v) hnS¿Ø-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬!˛
10! ae- I ƒ ([q- f - n bm- b n)
s]mSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬!˛
11! dkq- e p- I ƒ°v kabw
\n›-bn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXm¬!˛
12! GsXmcp Znh- k - t Ø-
°mWv Ah¿°v Ah[n \n›-bn-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv?!
5234
!13! (A-sX) Xocp-am-\-Øns‚
Znh-k-tØ°v (X-s∂)!
14! Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ Znhkw
F∂m-se-¥m-sW∂v \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw?!
15! A∂sØ Znhkw (a-lm)
\miw; hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-bn-cn-
°pw.
8! F∂m¬ \£-{X-ßƒ BIp-tºmƒ (B-bm¬) Ah

XpS®v ambn° (\o-°)-s∏-SpI !9! BImiw Bbmepw (B-Ip-
tºm-gpw) AXv hnS¿Ø (Xp-d-hn-bm-°)-s∏-SpI !10! ae-Iƒ
BIp- t ºmgpw (B- b m- e pw) AXv s]mSn- ° - s ∏- S p- I , ]m‰- s ∏- S pI
!11! dkq-ep-Iƒ BIp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿°v kabw \n›-
bn-°-s∏-SpI !12! GsXm-cp-Zn-h-k-tØ-°mWv Ah°v (A-
h¿°v) Ah[n \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv !13! Znh-k-tØ-°v, Znh-k-
Øn¬ Xocp-am-\Ø - ns‚ !14!
- ns‚, ]ncn-®p-hn-Se \n\°v Adnhv
\¬In-bs
- X-¥mWv (\n-\°v F¥-dn-bmw) Znh-ks
- a-¥m-sW∂v Xocp-
am-\-Øns‚ !15! (a-lm) \miw, IjvSw A∂sØ Znhkw
hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°mWv
A¥y-\m-fnse Kuc-h-ta-dnb Nne kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-fmWv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-
Xv. BIm-iw, `qan, ]¿∆-X-ßƒ, kqcy≥, N{µ≥, \£-{X-ßƒ BZn-bm-b-h-
sb√mw A∂v \ne-sX‰n Ah-Xm-f-Øn-em-Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂v Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]e-
t∏mgpw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. Xmsg-h-cp∂ a°o-kq-d-Øp-I-fn¬ CXp-
t]mse thsdbpw ]e kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-sf-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p-≠v.
Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ dkq-ep-Isf A√mlp Hcp-an-®p-Iqń Ah-cpsS kap-Zm-b-
ßƒ Ah-cpsS {]t_m-[\w kzoI-cn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°p-sa∂pw
(5 : 112) kap-Zm-b-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ km£n-I-fmbn \_n-am-sc-sIm-≠p-h-cp-sa∂pw
(4 : 41) A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cßs\ Hmtcm dkq-en-s‚bpw Ah-
cpsS kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw Imcy-ßƒ Xocpam\w sNøp-∂-Xn-ep≈ Ah[n
\n¿Wb-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv 11 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 12
˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ B alm-Zn\Øns‚ AXn-`b-¶-cX Hcp tNmZy-cq-]-Øn¬
Hm¿an-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ta¬]-d™ Imcy-ß-sf√mw kw`-hn-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ Znh-
k-amWv km£m¬ Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ Ah[n F∂pw, A∂v kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-
5235
ƒ°v hºn® \mi-Øns‚ Znh-k-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw XpS¿∂p≈ aq∂p-h-N-\-
ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. A∂-sØ-Zn-hkw kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS hºn®
\mi-sØ-∏‰n Cu A≤ym-bØ - n¬ A√mlp ]Øp-h´w Bh¿Øn®p Xm°oXv
\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw.
!16! ]q¿∆n-I≥amsc \mw \in-
∏n-®p If-™nt√?!
17!]nd-sI, Ah-km-\-ap-≈-
hsc \mw Ah-tcmSv XpS¿Øp-∂-
Xm-Wv.
18! A{]-Im-c-a-s{X, \mw Ip‰-
hm-fn-I-sf-s°m≠v sNøp-I.

\miw, hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-bn-cn-
°pw.
20! \n m- c - s ∏´ Hcp Pe-
Øn¬ \n∂v \nßsf \mw krjvSn-
®nt√?!
21! F-∂n´v AXns\ `{Z-amb
Hcp Xmh-f-Øn¬ \mw B°n(-sh-
®p);
22! ˛\n-›n-X-amb Hcp (Im-e)
Af-hp-h-sc.
23! Aß-s\, \mw (F-√mw)
IW- ° m°n (\n¿W- b n- ® p.)
At∏mƒ, (\mw) F{Xtbm \√
Ign-hp-≈-h-c-s{X.
\miw, hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-bn-cn-
°pw.
16! \mw \in-∏n-®n-ńt√ BZy-sØ-h-sc, ]q¿∆n-I≥amsc

!17! ]ns∂, ]ndsI Ah-tcmSv \mw XpS¿Øpw, A\p-K-an-∏n°pw
Ah-km-\-sØ-h-sc, ]n∂o-Sp-≈-hsc !18! A{]-Imcw
\mw sNøpw Ip‰-hm-fn-I-sf-s°m≠v !19! (h-N\w 15 t]mse) !20!
5236
\nßsf \mw krjvSn-®n-ńt√ Hcp Pe-Øn¬\n∂v \nµy-
am-b, \n m-c-s∏´ !21! F∂n-´-Xns\ \mw B°n Hcp Xmh-f-
Øn¬, ]Xn-bn¬, h-\-Øn¬ `{Z-am-b, kuI-cy-{]-Z-amb !22!
Hcp IW°v (tXm-Xv˛ \n¿W-bw) hsc Adn-b-s∏´ (\n-›n-X-am-b) !23!
F∂n´v \mw IW-°m-°n, \n¿W-b-s∏-Sp-Øn, \ap°v km[y-ambn
At∏mƒ hfsc (F-{X-tbm) \√Xv Ign-hp-f-f-h¿, IW-°m-°p-∂-h¿
!24! [15 t]mse]
tIh-ew Ad∏pw, sNSn∏pw tXm∂p∂ C{µn-b-P-e-Øn¬\n∂v a\p-jys\
krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xpw, Iptd-Im-e-tØmfw B _oPw amXm-hns‚ K¿`m-i-
b-Øn¬ `{Z-ambn kq£n-®p-sh-®X - pw, Ahn-sS-sh®v Ahs‚ BIr-Xnbpw {]Ir-
Xn-bp-sa√mw \n¿W-bn®p krjvSn-cq]w ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bXpw A\pkvacn-∏n-®p-
sIm≠v Ahs‚ ]p\¿Po-hn-X-Øns‚ km[yX Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Q~b (Iz-
Zd-) F∂ hm°n\v "\n¿W-bn-®p, IW°m°n' Fs∂ms° A¿∞w hcp-∂-
Xp-t]m-se, "Ign-hp-≠m-°n, km[y-ambn' F∂n-ß-s\bpw A¿∞-ap-≠v. a\p-
jys‚ BIr-Xnbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw Ah\v \¬Iphm≥ \ap°v Ign-hp-≠mbn
F∂pw, \mw hfsc \√ Ign-hp-I-fp-≈-h-\mWv F∂pw Xm¬]-cyw.
!25! `qansb \mw Dƒs°m-≈p-

∂-Xm-°n-bn-t√,-˛
26! Poh-\p-≈-h-sc-bpw, ac-W-
s∏-´-h-scbpw?!
27! D∂- X - ß - f mbn Dd- ® p-
\n¬°p∂ ]¿∆- X - ß sf \mw
AXn¬ G¿s∏- S p- Ø p- I bpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. kz—-amb Pew
\nßƒ°v \mw IpSn-°p-hm≥ Xcp-

\miw, hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-Wv.
25! \mw B°n-bnt√ `qansb Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv, Hcp-
an-®p-Iq-´p-∂Xv !26! Poh-\p-≈-hsc ac-W-s∏´ (\n¿Po-h-am-b)-h-
scbpw !27! \ma-Xn¬ B°p(-G¿s∏-Sp-Øp)-Ibpw sNbvXp
Dd-®p-\n¬°p∂ ae-Isf s]m¥n-\n¬°p∂, D∂-X-ß-fmb
5237
\nßƒ°v \mw IpSn-°m≥ Xcp-Ibpw sNbvXp kz—-amb (ip-≤)-Pew
!28! [15 s‚ A¿∞w-t]mse]
A√m-lp-hns‚ Nne A\p-{K-l-ß-sf-bpw, ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sfbpw FSpØp
Im´p-I-bm-Wv. CØcw Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-∂-h¿°v A√m-lp-hns‚
A]m-c-amb Ign-hn-s\-°p-dn-®pw, ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®pw kwi-b-
ap-≠m-Ip-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√ F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. Pohn-®n-cn-°p-
∂-h¿°v `qap-JØv Pohn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-
t]m-se, ac-W-s∏-´-hsc `qan-°p-≈n¬ AS°w sNøm-\p≈ kuI-cyhpw
A√mlp G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-ht- √m. CXn-s\-∏‰
- n-bmWv 25 ˛ 26 ¬ {]kvXm-
hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cß-s\-bp≈ bmYm¿∞y-ßsf Ah-K-Wn®p \ntj-[n-°p-
∂hsc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:-˛
!29! "(tl, hymP-am-°p-∂h - t- c)
\nßƒ bmsXm-∂ns\ hymP-am-°n-
s°m- ≠ n- c p- ∂ pthm AXn- t e°v
\nßƒ t]mbn-s°m-≈p-hn≥!
30! AXm-b-Xv, aq∂v imJ-I-

fp- ≈ - X mb Hcp (X- c w) XW- e n-
te°v t]mbn-s°m-≈p-hn≥!˛
31! (AXv NqSn¬\n-∂v) \ng¬

\¬Ip-∂-X√; (A-·n) Pzme-bn¬
\n∂v AXv XSp-°p-I-bp-an-√.
32! \n›- b - a mbpw AXv ,

[\cIw] h≥sIńSw t]mse-bp≈
Xos∏mcn hoip-∂-Xm-Wv.
33! AXv [Xos∏mcn] a™-
h¿W-amb H´-I-°q-´-sa-t∂m-W-an-
cn°pw!
\miw, hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-Wv.
29! \nßƒ t]mbn-s°m-≈p-hn≥ bmsXm-∂n-te°v
AXns\ \nß-fm-bn-cp∂p hymP-am°pw !30! \nßƒ t]mbn-
5238
s°m-≈pI Hcp XWen (\n-g-en)-te°v aq∂p-≈-Xmb
imJ-Iƒ, ]ncn-hp-Iƒ !31! XW¬ (\n-g¬) \¬Ip-∂-X√ AXv
]cym-]vX-am-°-bp-an√ (X-Sp-°-bp-an-√) Pzme-bn¬\n∂v !32! \n›-
b-ambpw AXv (\-c-Iw) Fdnbpw, (ho-ipw) Xos∏m-cnsb aWn-
am-fnI (h≥sI-ń-Sw˛ tIm´) t]mep≈ !33! AXm-sW-∂-t]mse
H´-I-ßƒ, H´-I-°q´w a™-\n-d-ap≈ !34! [15 t\m°pI]
\nßƒ ]c-temI Pohn-X-sØbpw \c-I-in-£-sbbpw hymP-am-°n-Ø-≈n-

bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. B in£ CXm Ct∏mƒ bYm¿∞-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXm, B aq∂v imJ-I-fmbn ]ncn-™p-b-cp∂ hºn® Icn-ºp-I-bpsS XW-
emWv \nßƒ°v C\n B[m-cw. AXn-te°v t]mbn-s°m-≈p-I. ]t£ AXv
km[m-cW XW-ep-t]m-se, NqSn¬ \n∂v XWp∏v \¬Ip∂-tXm, \c-Im-·n-
bn¬\n-∂p-b-cp∂ Xos∏m-cn-Iƒ°v XS-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂tXm A√. \c-I-am-I-s´,
h≥sI-ń-Sß - ƒt]m-se-bp≈ hºn® Xos∏m-cn-Iƒ ]d-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. Ah-bpsS B[n-Iy-hpw, hep-∏hpw h¿Whpw t\m°p-tºmƒ a™-
h¿W-Øn-ep≈ H´-I-°q-´-ßƒ Nn∂n-®n-X-dp-I-bm-sW∂v tXm∂pw. A{Xbpw
h≥tXm-Xn-em-bn-cn°pw B Xos∏m-cn-Iƒ F∂v kmcw. Cu Icn-ºp-I-sb-∏‰n
XW¬ (πX) F∂v ]d-™Xv tIhew ]cn-lmk cq]-Øn-em-sW∂v hy‡-am-
Wv. kq: hmIznAx 43 ˛ 44 epw, A¬Ilv^v 29 epw hmbn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
!35! Ah¿ an≠m-Ø-Xmb Znh-

k-as{X CXv.
36! (H-gn-I-gnhv ]d-bp-hm≥)

Ah¿°v A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-
bp-an-√, F∂m-e-h¿°v Hgn-I-gnhv
]d-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

\miw, hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°m-Ip-
∂p.
35! CXv Hcp Znh-k-as{X Ah¿ an≠m-Ø, kwkm-cn-
°mØ !36! -A-\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√ Ah¿°v
F∂me-h¿°v Hgn-I-gnhv ]d-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p, Aßs\ Hgn-I-gnhv ]d-bp-Ibpw
(C-√) !37! [15 t\m°pI]
5239
ÿnXn- K - X n- I - f psS Kuchw \nanØw A∂v Ah¿°v kwkm- c n- ° p-
hm≥t]mepw Ign-bp-∂-X-√. h√ Hgn-I-gn-hp-Ifpw ]d-™p-t\m-°p-hm-\m-sW-
¶n¬, AXn\v A\p-hm-Zhpw e`n-°p-I-bn-√.
!38! "(tl, hymP-am-°p-∂h- t- c)
Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ Znh-k-am-Wn-Xv.
\nß-sfbpw ]q¿hn-I≥am-scbpw
\mw (C-hn-sS) Hcp-an®p Iqń-bn-cn-
°p-∂p.'
39! F\n, h√ D]m-bX

- {- ¥hpw
\nßƒ°v Ds≠-¶n¬ Ft∂mSv
\nßƒ (A-Xv) {]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-
≈p-hn≥! [F∂m-e-sXm∂v ImWm-
at√m!]
40!A∂sØ Znhkw (a-lm)
∂p.
38! CXv, CXs{X Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ Znhkw \mw
\nßsf Hcp-an®p Iqń-bn-cn-°p∂p BZysØ-h-sc-bpw, ]q¿∆n-I≥am-
scbpw !39! F\n Ds≠-¶n¬, F∂m¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂m¬ \nßƒ°v
h√ D]m-b-hpw, X{¥hpw F∂m¬ \nßƒ Ft∂mSv X{¥w {]tbm-
Kn-®p-sIm-f-fp-hn≥ !40! [15 t]mse]
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-bpw, Ah-cpsS `mhn-sbbpw Ipdn®v ]eXpw {]kvXm-hn-
®-ti-jw˛ Izp¿-Bs‚ ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn-®v˛ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-bpw, Ah-cpsS
`mhn-sbbpw Ipdn®v ]d-bp∂p:˛
!41! \n›-b-am-bpw, kq£va-X-
bp-≈-h¿ Nne (a-l-Øm-b) XW-
ep-I-fn-epw, Dd-hp-P-e-ß-fn-ep-am-bn-
cn°pw;
42! Ah¿ C—n-°p∂ Xc-Øn-
ep≈ ]g-h¿K-ß-fn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw
(I-gn™pIqSp-I)
5240
!43! \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cp-∂Xv \nan-Øw, \nßƒ awK-
f-ambn Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-hn≥! (F∂v ]d-
b-s∏-Spw)
44! \n›-b-am-bpw, A{]-Im-c-

as{X \mw kpIr- X - h m≥am¿°v
{]Xn-êw sImSp-°p-∂-Xv.

\miw, hymP-am-°p∂h¿°m-bn-cn-
°pw.
Ahn-izm-kn-Isf A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p:-˛
!46! \nßƒ A¬]w (Im-ew)

Xn∂p- I bpw kpJ- a - \ p- ` - h n- ° p-
Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈pI;˛ \n›-
b-ambpw, \nßƒ Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fm-
Ip∂p!
∂p.
41! \n›-b-ambpw kq£va-X-bp-≈-h¿, `b-`-‡≥am¿
Nne \ngep (X-W-ep)-I-fn-em-bn-cn°pw Dd-hp-P-e-ß (A-cp-hn-I)-fnepw
!42! ]g-h¿K-ß-fnepw bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ah¿ C—n-
°p-∂, Bin-°p∂ !43! \nß-ƒ Xn∂p-hn≥ IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
hn≥ awK-f-am-bn´v (B-\-µ-tØm-sS) \nß-fm-bn-cp-∂Xp \nanØw
{]h¿Øn°pw !44! \n›-b-ambpw \mw A{]-Imcw \mw
{]Xn-êw \¬Ip∂p kpIr-Xh - ¿°v !45!
- m≥am¿°v, \∑ sNøp-∂h
[15 t\m°pI] !46! Xn∂p-sIm-≈p-hn≥ kpJw (A-\p-`-hw) FSp-
°pIbpw sNøp-hn≥ A¬]w Ipd®v \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ
Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fm-Ip∂p !47! [15 t]mse]
5241
Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw \n›-bn-°-s∏´ Xp—-amb Bbp-jvImew Xocp-∂-Xp-hsc
\nßƒ°n-hnsS btYjvSw hnl-cn-°mw. ]t£, \nß-fpsS `mhn `bm-\-I-am-
sW∂v Hm¿Øp-sIm-≈pI F∂v kmcw. Ch¿ C{Xbpw ISpØ ]m]n-I-fm-bn-
Øo-cp-hm≥ Imc-Ww A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah\v Xmgva-Im-
Wn-°p-hm-\pw, Ahs‚ apºn¬ Ipºn´v \a-kvImcw sNøm\pw Ah¿ hnk-Ω-
Xn-®-Xm-sW∂v A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
! 48! "\nßƒ Ipºn- S p- h n≥'

F∂v Ah- t cmSv ]d- b - s ∏- ´ m¬
Ah¿ Ipºn-Sp-∂-X-√.

\miw hymP-am-°p-∂h
- ¿°m-Ip-∂p.
50! F\n, CXn\v [Izp¿-B\v]

tijw GsXmcp h¿Ø-am-\-Øn-
emWv Ah¿ hniz-kn-t®-°p-∂Xv?!
48! ]d-b-s∏-´m¬, ]d-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-tcmSv \nßƒ

Ipºn-Sp-hn≥, dpIq-Dv sNøp-hn≥ (\-a-kvI-cn-°p-hn≥) Ah¿ Ipºn-
Sp-I-bn√ !49! [15 t]mse] !50! F\n GXv h¿Ø-am-\-Øn-em-
Wv, hnjbw sIm≠mWv CXn-\p-ti-jw, CXn\v ]pdsa Ah¿
hniz-kn-°pI
´ƒcQ (dp-Iq-Dv) F∂ hm°n\v "Ipºn-Sp-I, Xe-Ip-\n-°p-I, Xmgva ImWn-

°p-I, `‡n sNøp-I, \a-kvI-cn-°pI' Fs∂ms° A¿∞w hcmw. \a-kvIm-
c-I¿a-Øn¬ Ipºn´v sNøp∂ `mK-Øn\v km[m-c-W-bmbn "dpIq-Dv' F∂v ]d-
™p-h-cp-∂p. \a-kvIm-c-I¿asØ Dt±-in®p "kpPqZv' F∂ ]d-bm-dp-≈-Xp-
t]mse dpIq-Dv F∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Npcp-°-Øn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬
Xe Ip\n-°p-hm\pw Ahs\ Bcm-[n®p Iogvs]-Sp-hm\pw Ah¿ Xøm-dn-√.
K¿hpw Alw-`m-h-hp-ambn Ign-bp-I-bm-Wv. C{Xbpw hy‡hpw bp‡-hp-amb
D]-tZ-i-ßfpw Xm°o-Xp-Ifpw e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂n´pw Cu Izp¿B\n¬ hniz-
kn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ Iq´m-°p-∂n-√. F∂n-cns° F\n GsXm-∂n-emWv Ah¿
hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv?! F∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
Camw AlvaZv, A_q-Zm-hqZv, lmInw (d) apX-emb alm≥am¿ A_q-

lp-dbvdx (d)-bn¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\w sNbvX Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øns‚ Npcp°w
5242
C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "kqd:"h-Øo\n'HmXn Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ, HmXp-∂-h¿
øj~gÉ°ûdG øe ∂dP≈∏Y ÉfCGh ≈∏H (A-√mtX! Rm\pw AXn\v km£n-bm-Wv.) F∂v ]d-b-
Ww. kqx Iznbm-aØv Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ ≈∏H (A-√mtX!) F∂pw
]d-b-Ww. kqx h¬ap¿k-emØn HmXn Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ ¬∏dÉH ÉæeBG (R-ßƒ
A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.)'F∂pw ]d-b-Ww.
Cu kqd-Øp-I-fpsS Ah-km-\sØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ AS-ßnb tNmZy-

ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn-sb-t∂m-W-as{X B hm°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-hm≥ \_n I¬]n- ˜
°p-∂-Xv. Hmtcm hN-\-Øns‚ D≈-S-°-hpw, adp-]-Sn-bpsS kmchpw t\m°p-
tºmƒ AXv hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. am{X-a-√, Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-th-f-bn¬,
kt¥m- j - h m¿Ø- I ƒ ImWp- ∂ n- S Øv A√m- l p- h n- t \mSv AXn- \ p- t h≠n
{]m¿∞n-°-epw, `b-hm¿Ø-Iƒ ImWp-∂n-SØv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv AXn¬\n∂v
c£-tX-Sepw Bh-iy-am-Ip-∂p. Cu HSp-hn-esØ hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-
t]mse tNmZy-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-ßƒ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-tºmƒ hn\-b-
]q¿hw AX-Xn\v tbmPn® adp-]Sn hmIy-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xpw \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
˜
\_n -bpsS Ncy-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ ImWm-hp∂ acym-Z-I-fmWv Ch-
sb-√mw. ≥aƒŸG ¬∏dGh
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh øj~gÉ°ûdG øe ∂dP ≈∏Y øëfh ¬dƒ°SQ ≠∏Hh ¬∏dG ¥~°Uh ∫õfCG ÉÃh ¬∏dÉH ÉæeBG
5243
`mKw 30 ÉC ÑædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 78 \_-Av
5244
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ÉC ÑædG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
78. kqdXp ∂_-Av

PpkvD
- v ˛ 30
Øn¬.
1! F¥n-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Ah¿
tNmZyw sNbv X p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p-
∂Xv?
2! (A-sX, B) al-Ømb
hrØm-¥-sØ-°p-dn®v!
3! AXm-b-Xv, bmsXm-∂n¬
Ah¿ `n∂m- ` n- { ]m- b - ° m- c m- I p-
∂pthm A°mcyw (X-s∂).
4! Aßs\ th≠, Ah¿°v

hgnsb Adn-bm-dmIpw!
5! ]ns∂, [ho≠pw] Aßs\

th≠, Ah¿°v hgnsb Adn-bm-
dmIpw!!
1! F¥n-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Ah¿ (]-c-kv]-cw) tNmZn-°p-∂p,
tNmZyw sNøp∂p !2! hrØm-¥-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Ip∂p al-Øm-
5245
b, hºn® !3! AXm-bXv bmsXmcp Imcyw Ah¿ AXn¬
`n∂n-®-h-cm-Wv, hyXy-kvXm-`n-{]m-b-°m-cmWv !4! Aßs\ th≠m, Aß-
s\-b√ Ah¿ hgnsb Adn-bpw, Ah¿°-dnbmw !5! ]ns∂
th≠m Ah¿ hgnsb Adn-bpw, Adnbm-dmIpw
Cu temI-Øn\v Hcp A¥y-ap-s≠-∂pw, A\-¥cw as‰mcp Pohn-X-ap-s≠-
∂pw, Ahn-sS-sh®v Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Cl-Øn¬sh®v sNbvX I¿a-ß-sf-°p-
dn®v tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-ap≈ bmYm¿∞y-sØ-bmWv apivcn°p-Iƒ as‰-
√m-‰n-s\-°mfpw ITn-\-ambn \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ˛X-Ω-X-Ωn-
˜
epw, \_n -tbm-Spw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Spw˛ ]e tNmZy-ßfpw hmZ-ßfpw
\S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pI Ah-cpsS ]Xn-h-s{X. kXym-t\z-j-W-a√ CXns‚
e£yw. ]cn-lm-kw, B›-cyw, [n°m-cw, \ntj[w Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv Ahsc
AXn\v t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, AXv Aßs\ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm-hp∂
Hcp Imcy-a-s√-∂pw, AXns\ kw_-‘n®v kKu-chw a\- n-cp-ØmØ ]£w
AXns‚ êw AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp Ahsc Xm°oXv
sNøp-∂p.
º«¶©dG CÉÑædG (a-l-Ømb hrØm-¥w) F∂v ]d-™Xv ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-
XsØ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂v ta¬hn-hc - n-®X
- n¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. an°-hmdpw F√m
Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°f - p-sS A`n-{]m-bhpw AXp-Xs
- ∂. Npcp°w Nne¿ AXp-
sIm-≠p-t±iyw Izp¿-B-\m-sW∂pw ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂p. GXm-bm-epw, c≠m-
asØ Pohn-X-Øns‚ km[y-Xbpw, kw`hy-Xbpw ÿm]n-°p-∂- ]e ZrjvSm-
¥-ß-fmWv A√mlp XpS¿∂v hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!6! `qansb \mw Hcp hnXm\w
[hncn- s ∏- t ∂mWw] B°n- b n-
ńt√?!˛
7! ae-Isf (`q-an-°v) BWn-
Ifpw (B-°n-bn-ń-t√)?!
8! \nßsf \mw CW-I-fm°n
krjvSn- ° p- I bpw sNbvXn- c n-
°p∂p;
9! \nß-fpsS Dd°w \mw (\n-
ßƒ°v) Hcp hn{i-a-am-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p;
10! cm{Xnsb (\n-ßƒ°v)
\mw Hcp hkv{Xhpw B°n-bn-cn-
°p∂p;
5246
!11! ]I-ens\ \mw Pohn-X-k-
‘m-c-W-th-f-bmbpw B°n-bn-cn-
°p∂p;
12! \nß- f psS aosX \mw
i‡-amb (B-Im-i-ßƒ) Gsg
Æw ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p∂p;
13! IØn-Øn-fß - n-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ Hcp hnf°v [kqcy\pw] \mw
D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
14! ag- ° m- d p- I - f n¬\n∂v
IpØn Hgp-Ip∂ sh≈w [agbpw]
\mw Cd°n;˛
15! AXp- s Im≠v \mw

[m\yhpw kkyhpw (D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-
®v) shfn°v hcp-Øp-hm≥th≠n;˛
16! CS-Xn-ßnb tXm´-ßfpw
(sh-fn°v hcp-Øp-hm≥)
6! \mw B°n-bnt√ `qansb Hcp hnXm-\w, sXmń¬,

hncn∏v !7! ae-Isf BWn-I-fpw, Ip‰n-Ifpw !8! \nßsf
\mw krjvSn-°bpw sNbvXp CW-I-fm-bn´v !9! \mw B°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp \nß-fpsS \n{Zsb Hcp hn{i-aw, im¥X !10!
\mw B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp cm{Xnsb Hcp hkv{Xw !11!
]I-ens\ \mw B°p-Ibpw sNbvXp D]-Po-h-\-a-t\z-jn-°p-∂Xv !12!
\mw ÿm]n-°pI (D-≠m-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp \nßƒ°p-aosX
GsgÆw ITn-\-am-b, i‡-amb !13! \mw D≠m-°pI (G¿s∏-
Sp-Øp-I)bpw sNbvXp Hcp hnf°v Xnf-ßp-∂, IØn-Pz-en-°p∂
!14! \mw Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp ag-°m-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v,
ag-°m-‰p-I-fn¬\n∂v IpØn Hgp-Ip∂ sh≈w !15! AXp-
sIm≠v \mw shfn°v hcp-Øp-hm≥, ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m≥ [m\yw kky-
hpw, sNSnbpw !16! tXm´-ßfpw (a-c-ß-fm¬) CS-Xn-ßn-b,
Xq¿∂p \n¬°p∂
5247
\ntXy\ a\p-jy≥ I≠pw A\p-`hn®pw sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ ]Øv
{]Xy£ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fpw, AtX Ah-k-c-Øn¬ al-Ømb A\p-{K-l-ß-fp-
amWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ FSp-Øp-Im-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]e-t∏mgpw Izp¿-
B-\n¬ Ch-sb-∏‰n Bh¿Øn®pw hnh-cn®pw {]kvXm-hn-°m-dp-≈-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
(1) `qan-bn¬ a\p-jy-\-S-°-ap≈ Poh-Pm-e-ß-fpsS Pohn-X-k-‘m-c-

W-Øn\v D]-bp-‡-amb hn[-Øn¬ AXns\ hncn®p hnXm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv.
(2) `qan°v Cf°w ]‰msX AXns\ Dd-∏n®p \ndp-Øp∂ Ip‰n-Iƒ-

AYhm BWn-Iƒ˛ Ft∂mWw AXn¬ ]¿∆-X-ßsf ÿm]n-®-Xv.
(3) a\p-jys\ BWpw s]Æp-ambn CW-h¿K-ß-fm-°n-b-Xv.
(4) tZlm-≤zm-\w, tcmKw apX-em-b-h-sIm-t≠m, hyk-\w, `bw, apX-

em-bh \nan-Øtam D≠m-Ip∂ £oW-ßf - n¬\n-∂pw, ]I-esØ hnhn[ tPmen-
Øn-c-°p-I-fn¬\n∂pw hn{i-a-hpw, im¥-Xbpw \¬Ip-∂-hn[w a\p-jy\v Dd-
°ns\ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
(5) cm{Xnsb tIhew hkv{Xw-sIm-s≠-t∂mWw tZlw aqSn ad™p

kzÿ-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]cym-]vX-am-°n-b-Xv.
(6) apgp-h≥ ka-bhpw cm{Xn-sb-t∏mse Ccp-ń-b-Xm-°msX ]I-ens\

AXn¬\n∂pw th¿Xn-cn®p Pohn-X-k-‘m-c-W-Øn\v ]Iz-amb Ah-k-c-am-°n-
b-Xv.
(7) `qan-bnse F{Xtbm Imcy-ßƒ°v A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb \nc-

h[n {]Ir-Xn-_-‘-ßƒ ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ hºn® Ggv BIm-i-tem-I-ßsf
`qan-°p-aosX ÿm]n-®p-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
(8) IØn-Pz-en®pw Xnfßn {]Im-in®pw sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ temI-hn-f-

°m-Ip∂ kqcys\ G¿s∏SpØn-b-Xv.
(9) ag-h¿jn-∏n-°p-am-dp≈ Im¿ta-L-ß-fn¬ \n∂v˛ As√-¶n¬ ag-

°m-dp-Isf Xń-°q-´p∂ ag-°m-‰p-I-fn¬\n-∂v˛ [mcmfw ag-sh≈w h¿jn-∏n-
°p-∂-Xv.
(10) Aß-s\, ag-aqew [m\yw XpS-ßnb F√m kky-h¿K-ß-fpw,

5248
hr£-ß-fmepw sNSnI-fmepw Xnßn-Øq¿∂v \n¬°p∂ tXm´-ßfpw a\p-
jy¿°v-th≠n D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. AsX, Égƒ°ü– ’ ¬∏dG áª©f Gh~©J ¿EGh (A-√m-lp-
hns‚ A\p-{Klw \nßƒ FÆp-∂-]£w \nßƒ IW-°m-°p-∂-X-√.)
CsX√mw \nc-Øn-°m-ń-s°m≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!17! \n›-b-am-bpw, Xocp-am-\-

Øns‚ Znhkw ka-b-\n¿Wn-X-am-
bn-cn-°p-∂p.
18! AXm-b-Xv, Iml-f-Øn¬

DuX-s∏-Sp∂ Znh-kw, At∏mƒ,
\nßƒ Iq´-ambn hs∂-Øpw.
19! BImiw Xpd- ° p- s ∏- S p-

Ibpw sNøpw; F∂n-´Xv ]e hmXn-
ep-I-fm-bn-Øo-cpw.
20! ]¿h-Xß
- ƒ (X¬ÿm\w
hn´v) \S-Øs∏SpIbpw sNøpw;
F∂n´v Ah Im\¬ (-k-am-\w)
Bbn-Øo-cpw.
17! \n›-b-ambpw Znhkw Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ AXm-Ip-

∂p, Bbn-cn-°p∂p - n-°)-s∏-´Xv !18!
kabw \n¿W-bn° (\n-›b
AXm-bXv DuX-s∏Sp∂ Znhkw Iml-f-Øn¬, sImºn¬
At∏mƒ \nßƒ hcpw, sN√pw ]e Iq´-ß-fm-bn, Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn
!19! Xpd-°s∏SpIbpw sNøpw BImiw F∂n-´Xv Bbn-
cn°pw ]e hmXn-ep-Iƒ, {]th-i-\-am¿K-ßƒ, Ihm-S-ßƒ !20!
\SØs∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw ae (]¿∆-Xw)Iƒ F∂n-´h Bbn-
Øocpw Im\¬ (t]m-se)
Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fnse kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-fmWv Ch-sb-√mw. Ch-sb-∏‰n ]e-

t∏m-gpw˛ CXn\v apºp≈ Nne A≤ym-b-ß-fn-epw, Xmsg hcp∂ A≤ym-b-ß-
fn-epw˛ hnh-cn-°p-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. BImiw s]mń-∏n-f-cp-tºmƒ AXn¬
5249
G¿s∏Sp∂ hnS-hp-Isf Dt±-in-®mWv BImiw hmXn-ep-Iƒ Bbn-Øocpw
(ÉHGƒHCG âfÉµa) F∂v ]d-™-sX-∂pw, AX√, BIm-i-Øv\n∂v ae-°p-Iƒ Iq´w-
Iq-´-ambn {]-hln-°p-hm-\p≈ {]th-i-\-am¿K-ßƒ A∂v Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\
Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≠v. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw.
!21! \n›-b-ambpw "Pl∂w'

[\cIw] Hcp ]Xn-ÿm-\-am-Ip∂p;˛
22! AXn- { I- a n- I m- c n- I ƒ°v
kt¶X ÿe-am-bn-s°m≠v;˛
23! (A-sX) AXn¬ ]e bpK-

ßƒ Xma- k n- ° p- ∂ - h - c mbpw
sIm≠v!
24! AXn¬sh®v Hcp XWp-

∏m- I s´, h√ ]m\o- b - a m- I s´
Ah¿ cpNn t\m°p-∂-X√;
25! ˛AXyp- j v W - P - e hpw

(Zp¿K-‘-tØmsS Hgp-Ip-∂) AXn-
ssiXy Pe-hp-a-√m-sX.
26! (A-h¿°v) tbmPn® {]Xn-
^-e-sa-∂ \ne°v!
21! \n›-b-ambpw Pl∂w (\-c-Iw) AXm-Ip∂p

]Xn-ÿm-\w, ImØn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, \nco-£-W-ÿew !22! AXn-{Ian
([n-°m-cn)Iƒ°v kt¶Xw ({]m-]y-ÿm-\w) Bbn´v !23! Xma-
kn-°p∂ (I-gn-™p-Iq-Sp-∂)-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v AXn¬ ]e bpK-
ßƒ (Zo¿Ln® Ime-L-´-ßƒ) !24! Ah¿ cpNn-t\m-°pI
(B-kz-Zn-°p-I)-bn√ AXn¬sh®v Hcp XWp∏pw Hcp ]m\o-
b-hp-an√ !25! AXypjvW (Np´p Xnf-°p-∂) Pe-a-√msX
K mIzpw (Zp¿K-‘-ap-≈) AXn-ssiXy Pehpw !26! {]Xn-^-e-am-
bn´v tbmPn-®, HØ-Xmb
5250
AXn-cp-hnńcp∂ [n°m-cn-Isf ]Xn-bn-cp∂p tXSn-∏n-Sn-°p∂ ÿe-
as{X \c-Iw. AXnse Imh¬°mcmb ae-°p-Iƒ AhnsS ]Xn-bn-cn-°p-
∂p-≠m-Ipw. ]nt∂m°w t]mIp-∂h - s
- cbpw Xncn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂h - s
- cbpw AXv
hnfn-®p-hc - p-Øp-IX - s∂ sNøpw. (êQÉ©ŸG-¤ƒJh ôHOCG øe GƒY~J) Ah-cpsS GI kt¶-
X-amb \c-IØ - n¬\n∂v Ah¿°v Hcn-°epw c£-bn-√. IW-°‰ bpK-ßƒ˛
AYhm Fs∂-∂pw˛ Ah-c-Xn¬ Xs∂ Ign-®p-Iq-t´-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXyp-
{K-amb DjvW-Øn\v Hcp im¥n-tbm, Ak-l-\o-b-amb Zml-Øn\v Hcp
ia-\tam t]mepw Ah¿°v Bkz-Zn-°p-hm≥ km≤y-a-√. tZl-Øn\v e`n-
°p-hm-\p-≈Xv "laow' am{X-am-Ip-∂p. AXm-I-s´, hmbbpw IpSepw sh¥p-
cp- I n- t ∏m- I p- a m- d p≈ AXyp- j v W - P ew! XWp- ∏ n\v e`n- ° p- h m- \ p- ≈ Xv
"K mIzpw'! AXm-sW-¶n¬, \c-I-Øn¬\n∂v Ios≠m-gp-Ip-∂-Xpw, Zp¿K-
‘hpw Agp°pw \nd-™-Xpw, \c-I-Øns‚ DjvWsØ sh√p-amdv XWp-
∏p-≈Xpw!. A√mlp \sΩ Im°-s´. Bao≥. Cu c≠n-s\-∏-‰nbpw kqd:
kzmZv 57 ¬ hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
A√m-lp-hns‚ ktµ-iß - s- fbpw, I¬]-\I - s

- fbpw [n°-cn®p A{I-
an-I-fmbn `qan-bn¬ Pohn-X-Imew Ign-®p-Iq-ń-b-h¿°v ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v
Ah-cpsS AòjvSØ - n\pw C—°pw IS-Ih - n-cp-≤a
- mb CØcw ISpØ in£-
Iƒ \¬Ip-∂Xv XnI®pw A\p-tbmPyw Xs∂-bmWv F∂s{X 26 ˛mw hN-
\-Øn¬ A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. CXn-s\√mw CS-bm-°nb Ah-cpsS
sNbvXn-I-sf-¥m-sW∂v A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-´p∂p:˛
! 27! \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah¿

hnNm-c-Wsb {]Xo-£n-°p-∂n-√m-
bn-cp∂p;
28! \ΩpsS e£y- ß sf

Ah¿ Hcp (h- √ m- Ø ) hymP- a m-
°¬ hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
[CXmWv ImcWw]
29! F√m Imcyhpw Xs∂,

\mw (F-gp-Xn) tcJ-s∏-SpØn Xn´-
am-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
5251
!30! BI-bm¬, (tl, AXn-{I-
an-Im-cn-It- f) cpNn-t\m-°n-s°m-≈p-
hn≥! F\n, \nßƒ°v in£-b-
√msX (a-s‰m-∂pw) \mw h¿≤n-∏n-
®p-X-cp-∂-tX-b-√.
27! \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ Ah¿ {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂n√
hnNm-c-W, IW-°p-t\m-°¬ !28! Ah¿ hymP-am-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp \ΩpsS e£y-ß-sf, ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf Hcp (h-en-b) hymP-
am-°¬ !29! F√m Imcy-hpw, hkvXphpw AXns\ \mw
IW-°m°n (Xn-´-s∏-Sp-Øn)-bn-cn-°p∂p Fgp-Øm-bn, tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-
s°m≠v !30! BI-bm¬ Bkz-Zn°p (cp-Nn-t\m-°p)-hn≥ F\n
\nßƒ°v \mw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-tX-b√ in£-b-√msX
\c-I° - msc kw_-‘n-®S- t- Øm-fw˛ IzØmZx (d)-bn¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-

s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se˛ CXn-e-[nIw Kuc-h-ta-dnb as‰mcp hmIyw Izp¿-B-\n¬
Cs√∂v ]d-bmw. \nßƒ°v Fs¥-¶nepw F\n IqSp-X¬ \¬Ip-hm-\p-s≠-
¶n¬, AXv IqSp-X¬ in£ am{X-am-sW∂v k¿hm-[n-cm-P-\mb {kjvSmhv Ah-
tcmSv ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS \ncm-ibpw k¶-Shpw F{X-am-{X-am-bn-cn°pw?
Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI! A√mlp \sΩ ImØp-c-£n-°s´. Bao≥.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚ sISp-Xn-I-sfbpw in£-sbbpw Ipdn®v {]kvXm-hn-
®tijw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb k¬`m-Ky-hm≥am¿°v ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬
A√mlp kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p∂p:˛
!31! \n›-b-ambpw kq£va-X-

bp-≈h- ¿°v hnPbw (A-Yhm `mKy-
ÿm-\w) D≠v.
32! AXm-b-Xv, tXm∏p-I-fpw,
ap¥ncn (h-≈n)-I-fpw.
33! ka-{]m-b°- m-cmb kvX\w
XpSn® Xcp-Wn-I-fpw.
5252
! 34! (I- ≈ n- s ‚) \nd™
tIm∏-Ifpw (D-≠v).
35! AhnSØn¬sh®v h√
A\m-h-iy-am-I-s´, hymP-hm¿Ø-
bm-Is´ Ah¿ tIƒ°p-∂-X-√.
36! \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬\n-

∂p≈ {]Xn-êw! AXm-bX
- v, IW-
s°mØ [XnI®pw aXn- b mb]
kΩm\w!
37! (A-sX) BIm-i-ß-fp-

sSbpw, `qan-bp-sS-bpw, Ah c≠n-
\p-an-S-bn-ep-≈-Xn-s‚bpw c£n-Xm-
hns‚ ˛]-c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-bp-≈-
hs‚ ˛(-hI kΩm-\w)! Ah-t\mSv
A`n-ap-J-kw-km-c-Øn\v Ah¿°v
(B¿°pw) km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
38! "dqlpw' [Bflmhpw]

ae-°p-Ifpw AWn-bmbn \n¬°p
∂ Znhkw;˛ (A∂v) ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-
I-\m-bp-≈-h≥ GsXm-cp-h\v A\p-
aXn \¬Ip-I-bpw, Xm≥ icn-bm-
bXv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂pthm Ah-\-√msX Ah¿ (B-
cpw Xs∂ )kw-km-cn-°p-I-bn-√.
31! \n›-ba
- mbpw kq£vaX
- b
- p-ff
- h
- ¿°p (`-b`
- ‡
- ≥am¿°p)≠v
hnP-bw, `mKy-Øns‚ ÿew !32! AXm-bXv tXm∏p-Iƒ
ap¥n-cn-Ifpw !33! kvX\w XpSn® Xcp-Wn-Ifpw ka-{]m-b-°m-cm-
b, CW-sbmØ !34! (I-≈n-s‚) tIm∏bpw \nd-™, ka¿∞-
amb !35! Ah¿ tIƒ°-bn√ AXn¬sh®v Hcp A\m-h-
iy-hpw, \nc¿∞hpw hymP-am-bXpw C√ !36! {]Xn-^-ew,
{]Xn-^-e-am-bn´v \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬\n∂v kΩm-\w, Zm\w
5253
IW-s°m-Ø, aXn-bm-b, XnI™ !37! AXm-bXv BIm-i-
ß-fpsS c£n-Xmhv `qan-bp-sSbpw Ah c≠n-\n-S-bn-ep-≈-Xn-
s‚bpw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-bp-≈-h≥ n¿ƒoµp∏rªnj n’ Ah¿ A[o-\-am-°pI
(A-h¿°v km[y-am-Ip-I)-bn√ Ah-t\mSv A`n-ap-J` - m-jW
- w, kwkmcw
!38! \n¬°p∂ Znhkw dqlv (B-flm-hv) ae-°p-
Ifpw AWn-bmbn Ah¿ kwkm-cn-°-bn√ bm-sXm-cp-h-
\-√msX Ah\v A\p-hmZw \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I≥
Xm≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p icn-bm-b-Xv, t\sc-bp-≈Xv,
sNm∆m-bXv
hymP-hm-Zn-If - psS in£-Is
- f-°p-dn®v ]d-™t- ∏mƒ 26 ˛mw hN-\Ø - n¬
"tbmPn® {]Xn-êw (ÉbÉah AGõL)' F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. `b-`-‡≥am-cpsS {]Xn-
^-e-sØ-∏‰n ChnsS ]d™Xv t\m°pI: "\ns‚ d∫ns‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈
{]Xn-êw (∂HQ øe AGõL)'F∂pw, "aXn-bmb kΩm\w (ÉHÉ°ùM AÉ£Y)'F∂pw hnti-
jn-∏n®ncn°p-∂p. Zpjv°¿aßƒ°p≈ {]Xn-êw Ah°v kam-\-amb in£
am{X-am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. k¬°¿a-ßƒ°p≈ {]Xn-^-e-am-I-s´, ]Øn-c-ńbpw
AXn-e[ - n-Ih
- p-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ
c≠p-Iq-´-cpsS {]Xn-^-e-sØbpw hyXykvX cq]-Øn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xns‚
clkyw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
AWn-b-Wn-bmbn \n¬°p∂ ae-°p-I-fpsS he-b-Øn¬ krjvSn-I-

sf√mw `b-hn-lz-e-cmbn \ne-sIm-≈p∂ B alm-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬, {]hm-N-
I≥am¿t]mepw "Fs‚ Imcyw, Fs‚ Imcyw'F∂v ]d-t™-°p-∂ B `b-
¶-c-Zn-\-Øn¬, Xs∂-∏‰n F¥v Xocp-am-\-amWv temI-\n-b-¥mhv Xocp-am-\n-
°p-∂-sX∂v Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw ]cn-{`m-¥n-tbmsS \n›-e-ambn ImØp-\n¬°p∂
B kvXw`-\-L-´-Øn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-aXn IqSmsX h√Xpw Dcn-bm-Sp-
hm≥ B¿°v km[n°pw?! C√. Ah≥ A\p-aXn \¬Ip-I-bpw, Ah≥ Xr]vXn-
s∏- S p- I bpw sNbv X - h ¿°- √ msX Ahn- s S- s h®v an≠p- h m≥ km[y- a - √ .
105:Oƒg -¬fPÉH ’EG ¢ùØf º∏µJ ’ »JCÉj Ωƒj (AXv hs∂-Øp∂ Znhkw Hcmfpw Xs∂
Ah- s ‚˛ A√m- l p- h n- s ‚˛ A\p- h m- Z - a n- √ msX kwkm- c n- ° - b n- √ .)
255:Iô≤ÑdG - ¬fÉH ’EG √~æY ™Ø°ûj …òdG GP øe (A-hs‚ A\p-hm-Z-an-√msX Ahs‚ ASp-
°¬ B¿ ip]m¿i sNøpw?) kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ A\p-aXn e`n-°p-∂Xv
B¿°m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ÉHGƒ°U ∫Ébh (i-cn-bm-bXv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw) F∂ hmIyw
aptJ\ A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AY-hm, Cl-Øn¬sh®v Xulo-
Zns‚ hmIyhpw XZSn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ XXz-ßfpw kΩ-Xn-®-h¿.
dqlpw ae-°p-Ifpw ( áµFÓŸGh ìhôdG) F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. ChnsS

dqlpsIm≠v Dt±iyw Pn_vco¬ (A) F∂ ae-°m-sW-∂pw, a\p-jym-flm-
5254
°-fm-sW∂pw a‰pw A`n{]m-b-ß-fp-≠v. Pn_vcoen-s\-∏‰n dqlv F∂v
Izp¿B\nepw lZo-Ynepw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. F¶n-epw˛ Camw C_v\p
IYo¿ (d) A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se˛ ChnsS a\p-jym-flm-°-fmWv Dt±-iy-
sa∂v sh°p-∂-XmWv IqSp-X¬ kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-am-bn-°m-Wp-∂-Xv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
! 39! AX- s {X, bYm¿∞- Z n-
hkw! BI-bm¬, (th-W-sa-∂v)
B¿ Dt±-in-®pthm Ah≥ Xs‚
c£n-Xm-hn-¶-te°v (a-S-ßp-hm-\p-
≈) kt¶Xw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-
≈-s´.
40!(P-\ß- t- f) \n›-ba
- m-bpw,
kao]ÿamb Hcp in£-sb-°p-
dn®v \nßƒ°v \mw (C-Xm) ap∂-
dn-bn∏v \¬Inbn-cn-°p∂p! (A-sX)
a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ Ic-ßƒ ap≥sN-
bvXp-sh-®-Xns\ t\m°n-°m-Wp∂
Znhkw;˛ Ahn-izm-kn-bm-bp-≈h - ≥
(A-∂v) ]dbpw: "Atøm! Rm≥
aÆm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tbt\!'
F∂v.
39! AXv, AXs{X bYm¿∞ Znhkw BI-bm¬,

(F-∂m¬) B¿ Dt±-in-®pthm Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s´, D≠m-°s´
Xs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v Hcp kt¶-Xw, aS-°-ÿm-\w, aS°w !40! \n›-b-
ambpw \mw \nßƒ°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v (Xm-°o-Xv) \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p
Hcp in£-sb(-°p-dn-®v) ASp-Ø, kao-]-ÿ-amb t\m°p∂ (Im-
Wp-∂) Znhkw a\p-jy≥ ap≥sN-bvX-Xns\ Xs‚ c≠v Ic-
ßƒ, ssIIƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw, ]d-bp-∂-Xp-amb Ahn-izmkn
Atøm Rm\m-sb-¶n¬ \∂m-bn-cp-t∂t\ Bbn-cp∂p (F-¶n¬)
aÆv
A∂sØ `b-¶-c-Xbpw ITn-\-in-£Ifpw ImWp-tºmƒ Ahn-izm-
kn-Iƒ sImXn-®p-t]mIpw:"Xßƒ a\p-jy-cmbn krjvSn-°-s∏-SmsX shdpw
aÆm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \∂m-tbs\! F∂m¬ CsXm∂pw A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h-
cn-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m!!' Fs∂m-s°. A_q-lp-dbvdx (d)-bn¬ \n∂pw C{]-
Imcw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p: F√m krjvSn-Ifpw Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-
5255
fn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´-s∏-Spw. Imen-Ifpw ]d-h-Ifpw CXc Pohn-I-fp-sa√mw Xs∂.
Aß-s\, sImºn-√m-Ø-h¿°v sImºp≈ Pohn-I-fn¬\n∂v {]Xn-Imcw FSp-
Øp-sIm-≈-Ø-°-hÆw A√mlp \S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°pw. ]n∂oSv Ah-tbmSv
A√mlp "\nßƒ aÆm-bn-s°m-≈pI' F∂v ]d-bpw. At∏m-gmWv Ahn-izm-
kn-bm-b-h≥ "Atøm, Rm≥ aÆm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tbt\!' F∂v ]d-bpI.
(”ÉM ƒHCGh »≤¡«ÑdGh QòæŸG øHGh ôjôL øHG)
π° ØdGh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏d
5256
`mKw 30 äÉYRÉædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 79 \mkn-BØv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
äÉYRÉædG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
79. kqdXp ∂mkn-BØv

Øn¬.
1! apgpIn {]th-in®p (\n¿±-
bw) Ducn- s b- S p- ° p- ∂ h Xs∂-
bmW (k-Xyw)!
2! thK-X-bn¬ (ku-ay-am-bn)
Agn-®p-hn-Sp∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
3! Hcp (i-‡a
- m-b) Hgp°v Hgp-
In-h-cp-∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
4! F∂n-´v, apt∂m´v IpXn®p
t]mIp-∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
5! F∂n-´v, I¬]\ (hy-h-ÿ-

{]-Im-cw) Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂h Xs∂-
bmW (k-Xyw)!
1! Ducn-sb-Sp-°p-∂h (\o-°p-∂-h, ]nSn-®p-h-en-°p-∂-h) Xs∂-
bmW apßn (ap-gpIn {]th-in-®p˛ \n¿±b-am-bn)-s°m≠v !2!
Agn-®p-hnSp∂h (thKw FSp-°p-∂-h) Xs∂-bmW Hcp (th-K-Øn-ep-
≈˛ kuay-am-b) Agn-®p-hn-S¬ !3! \o¥p∂ (H-gp-In-h-cp-∂˛ thKw
Cdßn-h-cp-∂)h Xs∂-bmW Hcp (i-‡-am-b) \o¥¬, Cd-ß¬ !4!
F∂n´v (A-ß-s\) ap≥I-S-°p-∂h (ap-t∂m´v Kan-°p-∂˛ IpXn®p
5257
t]mIp-∂-h) Xs∂-bmW ap≥I-S-°¬ (Du-t°m-sS) !5! F∂n´v
(A-ß-s\, ]ns∂) Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ (hy-h-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ˛]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Sp-∂)-
h-X-s∂-bmW I¬]-\-sb, ImcysØ
ac-W-k-a-bØv a\p-jy-cpsS Bflm-°sf ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p∂ ae-°p-I-sf-

s°m≠v A√mlp Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ kXyw sNøp-∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w Ah¿
B IrXyw \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xns‚ kz`m-hhpw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-I-
fpsS Bflm-°sf ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xv hfsc \n¿±-b-amb coXn-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw.
Hcp Pem-i-b-Øn-\-Sn-bn¬ apßn-Ø-∏p-∂-Xp-t]mse ico-c-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-K-
ß-fnepw Ah¿ apgpIn {]th-in-°pw. ac-W-a-S-bp-∂-h≥ AXn-\m¬ Atß-
A‰w thZ-\bpw bmX\pw A\p-`hn-°bpw sNøpw. CXmWv 1 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ac-W-th-f-bn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Ah-tcmSv
hfsc ]cp-j-amb \ne-bn¬ s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kqd: apl-ΩZv 27 epw,
A≥^m¬ 50 epw, A≥Bw 93 epw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈Xv kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-
∂p. F∂m¬, k÷-\-ß-fpsS Bflm-°sf ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-I-s´, hfsc
kuay-Ønepw thK-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw. AYhm sIń-bn´ arKsØ sI´-gn-®p-
sIm≠v t]mIp-∂-Xp-t]mse hfsc thK-Ønepw kt¥mj-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp-am-
bn-cn-°pw. ae-°p-Iƒ Ah¿°v kemw ]d-bp-I-bpw, kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-
bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kqd: \lv¬ 32 ¬ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-°p-
∂Xv ImWmw. 2 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv CXn-s\-∏-‰n-bm-
Wv. 3 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬, BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v ae-°p-Iƒ AXn-thKw Cd-ßn-h-cp-
∂-Xn-s\-bpw, 4 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬, A\-¥cw k÷-\-ß-fn-te°v [rXn-bn¬sIm-
≠p-t]mbn FØn-°p-∂X - n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ta¬ hnh-cn-®Xpw AX-
√m-Ø-Xp-a-S°w `qan-bn¬ \S-∏m-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-sf√mw
Nn´bpw ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-a-\p-k-cn®v ae-°p-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv 5 ˛mw
hN-\-Øn¬ kqN-\.
Cu A©v kXy-h-N-\-ß-fnepw Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ae-°p-I-
fmWv F∂ \ne-°mWv \mw apI-fn¬ hnh-cn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ ChnsS thsdbpw
A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ C√m-Xn-√. A©pw˛ As√-¶n¬ BZysØ \mepw˛ \£-{X-
ßsf Dt±in®m-sW-∂pw, bp≤-°p-Xn-c-I-sf-°p-dn-®m-sW∂pw hymJym-Xm-°-
fn¬ A`n-{]m-b-°m-cp-≠v. Hmtcm-∂n\pw AXn-\-\p-k-cn® hymJym-\-ßfpw
ImWmw. H∂n-e-[nIw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ apºv \mw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-
se, A√mlp D]tbmKn® hm°p-I-fpsS A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-
°m-hp∂ A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ Xs∂-bm-Wh F∂v kΩ-Xn-°mw. ]t£, kzlm-
_n-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, ap≥Km-an-I-fmb alm≥am-cn¬\n∂pw `qcn-`mKw Bfp-Ifpw
kzoI-cn®ph-∂n-´p-≈Xv \mw H∂m-aXv hnh-cn® AtX A`n-{]m-b-am-Ip-∂p.
BZysØ \mev hN-\-ß-fn¬ Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv ae-°p-I-sf-∂p-sh-®m¬t]m-
epw, A©mw hN-\Ø - n¬ Dt±-in-°s- ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ae-°p-Iƒ Xs∂-bm-sW∂
5258
Imcy-Øn¬ Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°-sf√mw tbmPn-®-h-cm-sW∂v Camw dmko
(d), C_v\p IYo¿ (d) apX-em-b-h¿ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≈Xpw {]kvXm-hy-am-
Ip-∂p.
!6! InSnew sIm≈p-∂Xv InSn-
ew-sIm-≈p∂ Znhkw!˛
7! ]n∂mse hcp-∂Xv AXn-
s\-Øp-S¿∂v hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.
8! A∂sØ Znhkw Nne
lrZ-b-ßƒ (t]-Sn-®p) hnd-sIm-≈p-
∂-h-bm-bn-cn°pw;
9! Ah-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ (hn-\-
b-s∏-´p) Xmgva-sN-øp-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-
°pw.
6! hnd-sIm-≈p∂ (In-Sn-ew-sIm-≈p-∂) Znhkw hnd (In-

Sn-ew) sIm≈p-∂Xv !7! AXns\ ]n≥Xp-Scpw, XpS¿∂p-hcpw
XpS¿∂v hcp-∂-Xv, ]n∂m-se-bp-≈Xv !8! Nne lrZ-b-ßƒ A∂v
`b-hn-lz-e-am-bn-cn-°pw, hnd-sIm-≈p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw !9! Ah-
bpsS IÆp-Iƒ, ZrjvSn-Iƒ Xmgva (`‡n˛ hn\-bw˛ Ffn-a) Im´p-∂-
Xm-bn-cn°pw
Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fn¬ temIw BI-am\w InSp-InS hnd-∏n-°p∂ BZysØ
Imlfw DuØn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv 6 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\p-
tijw, F√m-h-scbpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]n-°p∂ c≠m-asØ DuØmWv 7
˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠v DuØp-I-sf-°p-dn®pw Izp¿-B≥
H∂n-e[ - nIw ÿeØv {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈X - m-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v A∂sØ
Znhkw Atß-A‰w `b-hpw, ]cn-{`m-¥n-bpw, A]-am-\hpw t\cn-Spw. AXn-\p≈
ImcWw CXmWv:˛
!10! Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p: "\n›-

b-am-bpw, \mw Ipgn-bn¬ sh®v
(ap≥ÿn-Xn-bn¬) aS-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-
cmtWm?!'
11! \mw Po¿Wn® F√p-

I- f m- b n- Ø o¿∂n- ´ mtWm (B
aS°w)?!
5259
! 12! Ah¿ ]d- b p- I - b mWv :
Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬, \jvS-I-c-
amb Hcp Xncn-®p-h-c-hs{X AXv.
10! Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p, ]dbpw \mtam, \mamtWm aS-
°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ Xs∂ Ipgn-bn¬ (Iz-_vdn¬) sh®v, ap≥ÿn-Xn-bn¬
!11! \mw Bbn-´mtWm F√v (A-ÿn)-Iƒ {Zhn-®, Po¿Wn-
®, \pcp-ºnb !12! Ah¿ ]d-™p, ]d-bp-I-bmWv AXv F∂m¬
(A-ß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬) Hcp Xncn-®p-h-c-hm-Wv, aS-°-as{X \jvS-I-c-
amb
IôaÉM F∂ hm°n\v "Ipgn' F∂¿∞w. "h∂ hgn°v Xs∂ aSßn',
"h∂-]msS Xncn-®p-t]m-bn,' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ A¿∞-Øn¬ IôaÉ◊G ‘ ™LQ (A-
h≥ Xs‚ Ipgn-bn¬sh®v aS-ßn) F∂v Ad-_n-bn¬ ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. "\n∂
Ipgn-bn¬\n∂v \oßn-bn√' F∂pw a‰pw ae-bm-fØ - nepw ]d-bm-dp-≠t√m AXp-
t]m-se-bp≈ Hcp {]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xpw. CX-\p-k-cn®v (10 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬)
IôaÉ◊G ‘ F∂-Xn\v ¤hC’G ádÉ◊G ‘ (ap≥ÿn-Xn-bn¬) F∂mWv ]e hymJym-Xm-
°fpw A¿∞w I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - v. "Iz_vdpI-fm-Ip∂ Ipgn-bn¬ sh®v' F∂pw
A¿∞w I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. c≠m-bmepw kmcw hy‡-am-Wv. ac-Wm-\-¥-c-
Po-hn-XsØ \ntj-[n-°p∂ apivcn°p-Iƒ ]cn-lm-k-]q¿∆w ]d-bp∂ hm°p-
I-fmWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ac-W-tijw F√p-
Iƒt]mepw {Zhn®v Po¿Wn®p Ign-™n´v ]ns∂bpw Rßsf Iz_vdp-I-fn¬
sh®v ap≥ÿn-Xn-bn¬ Pohn-∏n-°p-sa-∂mtWm \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv? B›cyw!
Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Rßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw hºn® \jvS-am-
bn-cn-°p-at√m. Rßƒ B Pohn-X-Øn-te-°p≈ bmsXmcp Hcp-°hpw sNbvXn-
ń-√t√m F∂v kmcw.
"Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv \jvSI - c

- a
- mb Hcp Xncn-®p-hc
- h
- m-bn-cn-°pw.
(Iô°SÉN Iôc GPEG ∂∏J)' F∂v B kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ ]cn-lm-k] - q¿∆w ]d-bp∂ hm°m-
sW-¶nepw _p≤n-bp-≈-hsc Ccp-Øn-®n-¥n-∏n-°p-am-dp≈ Hcp bmYm¿∞yw
B hm°n¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Xmsg ImWp∂ Ihn-hmIyw B bmYm¿∞yw
Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
Énªoµr«ndEG oâr∏ob oäGnƒreCÉrdG nôn°ûrënj rønd ÉnªognÓpc oÖ«pÑs£dGnh oºuénæoªrdG n∫Énb
Énªoµr«n∏nY oQÉn°ùnîrdÉna »pdrƒnb sín°U rhCGm ôp°SÉnîpH oâr°ùn∏na Éªµdrƒnb sín°U r¿EG w
5260
(kmcw: tKmf-im-kv{X-°m-c\pw ico-c-im-kv{X-°m-c\pw ]d-bp-∂p, ac-
W-s∏-´h - ¿ Hcp-an®p Iq´-s∏-Sp-Ib
- n√ F∂v. Rm≥ ]d-bp∂p: \n¬°s´! \nßƒ
]d-™Xv icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, Rm≥ \jvS-°m-c-\-√. AYhm Rm≥ ]d-™Xv
icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, \jvSw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ c≠v Iq´¿°p-am-bn-cn-°pw.)
ac-Wm-\¥ - c
- P
- o-hnXw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-Ib - n-s√-∂p-hc
- p-∂]
- £w \nß-
sf-t∏m-se-Øs∂ F\n°pw bmsXmcp tZmjhpw _m[n-°m-\n√; t\sc-a-dn®v
Rm≥ ]d-bpw-t]mse, AXv bYm¿∞-ambn kw`-hn-°p-sa-∂p-h-∂m¬, \n›-
b-ambpw \nßƒ°v hºn® \mi-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I. F\n-s°mcp \jvShpw
hcm-\n-√. Imc-Ww, Rm≥ t\c-sØ-Øs∂ AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I-bpw, B
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \nßƒ AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-
h-cm-I-sIm≠v AXn-∂mbn bmsXmcp Hcp-°hpw \nßƒ sNøp-∂n√ F∂v
Xm¬]-cyw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛)
!13! F∂m¬, AXv Htc Hcp

(tLm-c) i_vZw am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw.
14! At∏m- t g°v Ah- c Xm

`qap-J-Øm-bn-cn°pw!
13! F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw AXv (h-ºn-®) Hcp i_vZw Cc-

º¬ (am-{Xw) Bbn-cn°pw Htc, GI !14! At∏mƒ Ah-cXm
`qap-JØv (`q-an-bn¬˛ \·-amb ssaXm-\-Øv) Bbn-cn°pw
Iml-f-Øn¬ DuX-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ `qan-bpsS C∂sØ \ne-sb√mw amdn-t∏m-

Ip-sa-∂pw, F√mw ka-\n-c-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]e-t∏mgpw
{]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. c≠m-asØ DuØn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v F√m-hcpw Iz_vdp-
I-fn¬\n∂v s]s´∂v Fgp-t∂‰v ]pd-Øp-h-cp-I-bpw, "alvidn'¬ ktΩ-fn-°p-
Ibpw sNøpw. CXmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. ASpØ hN-\-
ß-fn¬ Cu apivcn°p-I-sf-°mƒ hºn® i‡\pw [n°m-cn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ ^n¿-
Hus‚ Ncn{Xw Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂p:˛
!15! (\-_n-tb) \n\°v aqkm-
bpsS h¿Ø- a m\w h∂n- c n- ° p-
∂pthm?!˛
16! AXm- b - X v, "Xzphm'
F∂ ]cn-ip≤ Xmgvhc-bn¬sh®v
At±-l-Øns‚ d∫v At±-lsØ
hnfn®p ]d™ kµ¿`w:˛
5261
!17! "\o ^n¿-Hus‚ ASp-°-
te°v t]mbn-s°m-≈pI; \n›-b-
am-bpw, Ah≥ ([n-°m-c-Øn¬)
AXn-cp-I-hn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.'
18! F∂n´v ]d- b pI: "\o
]cn-ip≤n {]m]n-t°-≠-Xn-te°v
\n\°v Hcp-°-apt≠m?˛
19! \ns‚ d∫n- ¶ - t e°v
Rm≥ \n\°v am¿K- Z ¿i\w
\¬Ip-I-bpw, Aßs\ \o (A-h-
s\) `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X- n\pw
(H-cp-°-ap-t≠m)?'
15! \n\°v h∂n-cn-°p-∂pthm aqkm-bpsS h¿Ø-am-

\w, hnjbw !16! At±-lsØ hnfn-®p-]-d™ kµ¿`w At±-l-
Øns‚ d∫v ]cn-ip-≤-am-°-s∏´ Xmgvhc-bn¬sh®v AXm-
bXv Xzphm, Xzphm F∂ !17! \o t]mIpI ^n¿-Hus‚ ASp-
°-te°v \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ AXn-cp-hn-ń-cn-°p∂p ([n-°mcw apgp-Øn-cn-
°p-∂p) !18! F∂n´v \o ]d-bpI \n\°v (H-cp-°w˛ Xøm¿˛
Bh-iyw) Dt≠m \o ]cn-ip≤n {]m]n-°p-hm≥ (\-∂m-bn-Øo-cm≥)
!19! Rm≥ \n\°v am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-hm\pw \ns‚
d∫n-¶-te°v Aßs\ \o `b-s∏-Sp-hm\pw
ko\m-]¿∆X-Ønse XzphmXmgvhc-bn¬sh®v A√mlp aqkm \_n (A)-
tbmSv kwkm-cn® hnhcw kqdØv Xzmlm-bn¬ Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. B
kwkm-c-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-amWv ChnsS A√mlp D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!20! Aß-s\, At±lw Ah\v

(B) hºn® ZrjvSm¥w Imń-s°m-
Sp-Øp.
21! F∂m¬, Ah≥ hymP-am-

°p- I - b pw, A\p- k - c - W - t °Sv
ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
5262
!22! ]n∂oSv Ah≥ (F-Xn-cm-
b) ]cn- { iaw \S- Ø n- s °m≠v
]nt∂m-´p-t]m-bn.
23! Aß-s\, Ah≥ (Xs‚
Bƒ°m-sc) tiJ-cn®p; F∂n´v
hnfn®p ({]-Jym-]n-®p);˛
24! Ah≥ ]d™p: "Rm≥
\nß- f psS G‰hpw D∂- X - \ mb
d∫m-Ip-∂p.'
20! Aßs\ (F-∂n-´v) At±lw Ah\v Imń-s°m-SpØp

hºn® (h-fsc hen-b) ZrjvSm¥w !21! At∏mƒ (F-∂n-´v) Ah≥
hymP-am°n A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv (F-Xn-cv) {]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvXp. !22!
]ns∂ Ah≥ ]nt∂m°w t]mbn, ]n∂n´p ]cn-{i-an-®p-sIm≠v
!23! Aßs\ Ah≥ tiJ-cn-®p, Hcp-an-®p-Iqń F∂n´v hnfn®p (]-
d-™p˛ {]Jym-]n-®p) !24! Ah≥ ]d™p Rm≥ \nß-fpsS
d∫mWv G‰hpw D∂-X-\mb
aqkm \_n (A)-bpsS ZuXy-sØbpw {]t_m-[-\-sØbpw \ntj-[n-°p-

Ibpw, At±-lsØ A\p-kc - n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh∂v am{X-a√
- , At±-
l-Øn\v FXn-cmb {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw {]Nm-c-W-ß-fp-ambn ^n¿-Hu≥ ]nt∂m-
´p-t]m-bn-s°m-≠p-an-cp-∂p. HSp-°w, P\-as≤y Ah-cpsS G‰hpw D∂-X-\mb
d∫v Xm≥X-s∂-bm-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.…ÒZ ¬dEG øe ºµd âª∏Y Ée
38:¢ü°ü≤dG (Rm-\-√msX as‰mcp Bcm-[y\pw \nßƒ°p-≈-Xmbn Rm≥ Adn-
bp-∂n-√) F∂pw Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ^n¿-Hus‚ Hu≤-Xy-
hpw, [n°m-c-a-\x-ÿn-Xnbpw F{X-tØm-f-am-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v Duln-°m-a-
t√m. CsX√mw hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-amdv B P\-X-bn¬ Ah-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂
kzm[o-\hpw {]Xm-]hpw CXn¬\n∂v A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
! 25! At∏mƒ A√mlp

Ahs\ ]c- t em- I - Ø n- s ‚bpw
BZy- t emI [Cl- t em- I ]- Ø n-
s‚bpw in£m- \ - S - ] - S n- b mbn
]nSn®p (in-£n-®p).
5263
!26! \n›-b-ambpw `b-s∏-Sp-
∂- h ¿°v AXn¬ Hcp henb
Nn¥m-]m-Thp-ap-≠v.
25! At∏mƒ Ahs\ ]nSn®p (in-£n-®p) A√mlp in£m

\S-]-Sn-bm-bn, XS-hm-bn-´v, hne-ßm-bn´v Ah-km-\-sØ-Xns‚ (]-c-tem-
I- Ø n- s ‚) BZy- s Ø- X n- s ‚bpw (C- l - t em- I - Ø n- s ‚- b pw) ! 26!
\n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v Hcp Nn¥m-]mTw, KpW-]mTw
`b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v
ss\¬ \Zn-bn¬sh®v Ah≥ sh≈-Øn¬ ap°n-s°m-√-s∏-´p. CXv Cl-

Øn¬sh®v e`n® in£-bm-Wv. XpS¿∂v ]c-tem-IØv \c-I-Øn¬ A·n-in-
£bpw! Hcp alm-km-{am-Py-Øns‚ k¿∆m-[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂ ^n¿-Hus‚ AXn-
Zm-cp-W-amb ]cy-h-km-\-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ bs∏Sp∂ B¿°pw hºn®
]mT-ap-s≠∂v Xo¿®-X-s∂.
hn`m-Kw˛ 2
!27! \nß-fmtWm krjvSn-°-
s∏-Sp-hm≥ IqSp-X¬ {]bm-k-s∏-´-
h¿, AX√, BIm- i tam?!
AXns\ Ah≥ \n¿an-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
28! AXns‚ ta¬`mKw

Ah≥ Db¿Øn; Aßs\
AXns\ (]-cn-]q¿W-am-bn) icn-s∏-
Sp-Øn.
29! AXnse cm{Xnsb Ah≥
Ccp- ´ n- b - X m- ° p- I - b pw, AXn- s e
shfn®w []I-ens\] Ah≥ {]Xy-
£-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp;
30!`qansb AXn-\v tijw

Ah≥ (]-cØ - n) hnXm-\n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p;
5264
!31! AXn¬\n∂v AXnse (D-
d-hv) AXnse ta®n¬ ÿehpw
[kky-eX - m-Zn-Ifpw] Ah≥ ]pd-s∏-
Sp-hn®p;
32! ae-I-sfbpw (A-Xn¬)

BWn-bn-´p-d-∏n®p;˛
33! \nßƒ°pw \nß-fpsS
I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ°pw D]-tbm-K-Øn-
\m-bn-´v.
27! \nß-fmtWm IqSp-X¬ i‡-am-b-h¿, {]bm-k-s∏-´-h¿

krjvSn-bn¬, krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ AX√ BIm-itam AX-
h≥ \n¿an(-ÿm-]n)-®n-cn-°p∂p !28! Ah≥ Db¿Øn AXn-s‚-
ta¬ (D-]-cn)`mKw Aßs\ AXns\ icn-s∏-SpØn !29! Ah≥
Cc-pń-b-Xm-°pI (C-cp-fm-°p-I)bpw sNbvXp AXns‚ cm{Xnsb
{]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp AXns‚ shfn®w, {]` !30!
`qan-sbbpw AXn-\p-tijw AXns\ Ah≥ ]c-Øn, hnXm\w
sNbvXp !31! ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®p AXn¬\n∂v ÉgnAÉne AXnse sh≈w
AXnse ta®¬ (ta-bp-∂) ÿehpw !32! ae-I-sfbpw ÉngÉn°SrQGC
Ahsb Ah≥ BWn-bn-´v, Dd-∏n®p !33! D]-tbm-K-Øn-\m-bn´v rºoµnd
\nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ°pw
CsX√mw sNbvX A√m-lp-hn\v \nßƒ°v c≠m-a-sXmcp PohnXw \¬Ip-

hm-\pw, ]c-tem-Is
- a∂ as‰mcp temIw krjvSn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bmsX hcptam?!
Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-I. \nXy-k-Xy-ß-fm-Ip∂ CØcw ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf
apºn¬sh-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!34! F∂m¬ (F-√m-‰n-s\-bpw)

AS°n Pbn-°p∂ G‰hpw henb
hn]Øv h∂m¬!˛
35! AXm-bX- v, a\p-jy≥ Xm≥
{]h¿Øn(®p sh)®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v
Hm¿an-°p∂ Znhkw;˛
5265
!36! IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ \c-Iw,
ImWm-hp-∂-h¿°v (Im-Wp-hm≥)
th≠n shfn-°p-sIm≠v hc-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøp∂ (Zn-h-kw);˛
37! F∂m-e-t∏mƒ, bmsXm-cp-
h≥ AXn-cp-hn-ń-cn-°p-∂pthm,˛
38! sFln- I - P o- h n- X - Ø n\v
{]m[m\yw sImSp- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂pthm-˛,
39! (A-h\
- v) IØn-Pz-en-°p∂
\cIw Xs∂-bmWv kt¶-X-ÿm-
\w.
40! F∂m¬, bmsXm-cp-h≥
Xs‚ d∫ns‚ ÿm\sØ
[Ahs‚ apºn¬ \n¬°p- ∂ -
Xns\] `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw, a\- ns\
C—-bn¬ \n∂v hne-°n-\n-dp-Øp-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-thm,-˛
41!(A-h-\v) kz¿Kw Xs∂-

bmWv kt¶-X-ÿm-\w.
34! F∂m¬ h∂m¬, hcp-tºmƒ AS°n Pbn-°p∂ (a-

lm) hn]Øv hºn-®, G‰hpw henb !35! Hm¿an-°p∂ Znhkw
a\p-jy≥ Ah≥ {]b-Xv\n-®Xv (sN-bvXp-sh-®-Xv) ]cn-{i-an-®Xv
!36! shfn°v hcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ IØn-Pz-en-°p∂
\cIw ImWp-∂-h¿°v !37! F∂m-e-t∏mƒ bmsXm-cp-h≥
AXn-cp-hn´p !38! {]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw (Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-I-
bpw) sNbvXp sF-lnI Pohn-X-Øn-\v, Pohn-XsØ !39!
F∂m¬ IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ \cIw AXv Xs∂ kt¶-Xÿ
- m\w !40!
F∂m¬ t]Sn-®-pthm, bmsXm-cp-h≥ `b-s∏-´pthm Xs‚
d∫ns‚ ÿm\w (d-∫n-¶¬ \n¬°p-∂-Xn-s\) a\- ns\ (tZ-l-
Ø) hne-°p-I(-X-S-bp-I)bpw sNbvXpthm C—-bn¬ \n∂v !41!
5266
F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw kz¿Kw AXv Xs∂-bmWv kt¶-X-
ÿm\w
F√m- h n[ AXym- ] - Ø p- I - s fbpw hnkv a - c n- ∏ n®v If- b p- ∂ Xpw
temIsØ BI-am\w _m[n-°p-∂-Xp-amb G‰hpw henb hn]-Øm-bn-cn°pw
Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fnse hn]-Øp-Iƒ. AXp-sIm-≠mWv AXn\v iÈµdG áeÉ£dG (F-√m-
‰n-s\bpw AXn-P-bn-°p∂ G‰hpw henb hn]-Øv) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
A∂p-a-\p-jy≥ GtXXv Imcy-ßƒ ad-∂mepw icn, Hcp Imcyw Ah\v Hm¿a-
h-cpw. Xm≥ Cl-Øn¬sh®v sNbvX I¿a-ß-fs{X AXv. Ahs‚ sNdpXpw
hep-Xp-amb I¿a-ßƒ Hs∂m-gn-bmsX tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ Hcp {KŸw Ahs‚
Iøn¬ sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. At∏mƒ, Xßƒ A\p`-hn-°p-hm≥
t]mIp∂ in£-sb-°p-dn®v Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ t]Snbpw ]cn-{`-ahpw
F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Duln-°m-at- √m. IqSm-sX, F√m-h¿°pw ImW-Ø° - h - n[w
\cIw ASpØv Xøm-dp-≠m-bn-cn-°bpw sNøpw. CXv Ah-cpsS hn{`m¥n IqSp-
X¬ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. ]t£, k÷-\ß - ƒ°v Cß-s\-bp≈ ]cn-{à-ßs - fm∂pw
_m[n-°msX A√mlp ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. hnNm-c-W-°vtijw A√m-
lp-hn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ hn[n-bpsS Npcp-°-amWv 37 ˛ 41 ¬ ImWp-∂-Xv.
Zpjv°¿a-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-ambn A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-Wn® c≠v

Imcy-ßƒ {it≤-ba - m-Ip-∂p. H∂v bmYm¿∞y-ßs
- fbpw [m¿an-Ia
- q-ey-ßs
- fbpw
[n°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ AXn-cp-I-hn-®¬, as‰m∂v sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn\v
AX¿ln-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v {]m[m\yw \¬I¬, t\sc-a-dn®v k¬°¿a-
ßƒ°v \nZm-\-amb c≠v Imcy-ßfpw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H∂v:
d∫ns‚ apºn¬ lmP-cm-tI-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ `bw. as‰m∂v: tZtl-
—-I-fn¬\n∂v a\- ns\ XS-™p-\n-dp-Øp-I. BZysØ c≠n¬\n∂pw DS-se-
Sp-°p∂sX√mw ]m]-ßfpw HSp-hn-esØ c≠n¬\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂-sX√mw
]pWy-ßfpw Bbn-cn-°pw. A√mlp \sΩ ]pWy-hm≥am-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬
Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥.
!42! (\-_n-tb) A¥y-L´- s - Ø-

°p- d n®v Ah¿ \nt∂mSv tNmZn-
°p∂p: "GX- h - k - c - Ø n- e mWv
AXns‚ ÿm]\w [AXv kw`-hn-
°¬?]' F∂v.
!43! AXns‚ {]kvXm-h-\sb
kw_- ‘ n®v Fs¥mcp \ne- b n-
emWv \obp-≈Xv?! [\n\°v AXn-
s\-∏ddn H∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-St√m]
5267
!44! \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te-°mWv
AXns‚ Iem-iw. [AXv Ah\v
am{Xta Adn-™p-Iq-Sq.]
45! \n›-b-ambpw AXns\
`b- s ∏Sp∂- h ¿°v ap∂- d n- b n∏v
\¬Ip-∂-h≥ am{X-am-Ip∂p \o.
46! AXns\ Ah¿ ImWp∂
Znhkw Hcp kmbm” (k-ab - )-tam,
As√- ¶ n¬ AXns‚ ]q¿∆m”
(k-a-b)tam A√msX Ah¿ (C-l-
Øn¬) Ign-™p-Iq-Sn-bn-ń-s√-∂-
t]m-se-bn-cn°pw! [A{X°pw `b-
¶-c-am-bn-cn°pw AXv.]
42! Ah¿ \nt∂mSv tNmZn-°p∂p A¥y-L-´-sØ-

∏‰n ¿
n ÉsjGC GX-h-k-c-amWv AXns‚ ÿm]\w (kw`-hn-°¬) !43!
F¥n-emWv (G-X-h-ÿ˛ GXp-\n-e˛ bnem-Wv) \o AXns‚
{]kvXm-h\ - v) kw_-‘n®v !44!
- sb (A-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂X \ns‚
d∫n-¶-te°mWv AXns‚ Iem-iw, sN∂-h-km-\n-°¬ !45!
\n›-b-ambpw \o Xm°oXv (ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v) \¬Ip-∂-h≥(am-{Xw)
AXns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v !46! Ah¿ (B-Ip-∂p) F∂-t]m-se-bn-
cn°pw AXns\ Ah¿ ImWp∂ Znhkw Ah¿ Xma-kn-®n-ń-
√, Ign-™p-Iq-Sn-bn-ń√ (F-∂-t]m-se) Hcp kmbm”w (ssh-Ip-t∂-
cw) A√msX As√-¶n¬ AXns‚ ]q¿∆m”w (C-f-bp® kabw ˛cm-
hn-se)
A¥y-\m-fn-s\-∏‰n Izp¿-B-\pw, \_n bpw km[m-cW Hm¿an-∏n- ˜

°mdpw Xm°oXv sNøm-dp-ap-≠t- √m. F∂m¬, AXv Ft∏m-gm-Wp-≠m-IpI F∂v
\ntj-[n-Iƒ tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. AXn-\p≈ adp-]SnbmWn-Xv. adp-
]-Sn-bpsS Xm¬]cyw CXmWv: AXv Ft∏m-gm-sW∂v \_n t°m a‰m¿s°- ˜
¶n-eptam Adn-™p-Iq-Sm. A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp-∂Xpw Ah≥
B¿°pw Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-Ø-Xp-amb Hcp ]c-a-c-l-ky-am-W-Xv. F∂m¬,
˜
\_n -tbmSv AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Ah¿ tNmZn-°p-∂Xv I≠m¬, \_n °v ˜
5268
AXv kw_-‘n®v h√ Adn-hp-ap-s≠∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw. (É¡æY ≈ØM ∂fCÉc ∂fƒdCÉ°ùj)
A√mlp Adn-bn®p sImSp-°msX Ahn-Sp-tØ°v F¥-dn-bm-\mWv?! A√m-
lp-hns‚ I¬]\{]Imcw AXn-s\-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v Xncp-ta\n AXn-
s\-∏‰n Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂p-sh-∂p-am-{Xw. F{X Hm¿an-∏n-®n´pw `b-∏m-Sv -h-cm-
Ø-hsc Xm°oXv sNbvXn´v ê-an-√-t√m. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, AXns‚ ka-b-
sØ-°p-dn-®√- , AXns‚ Kuc-hs - Ø-°p-dn-®mWv Ah¿ At\z-jn-t°-≠X - v. Imc-
Ww, AXv kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS ]c-a-e-£y-am-bn-cp∂ sFln-I-Po-hn-
X-Øn¬ Ah¿ tIhew Hcp ]I-ens‚ k‘ym-k-a-b-tØm-fw, As√-¶n¬
AXns‚ cmhn-esØ ka-b-tØmfw am{Xta Xma-kn-®n-´p-≈qsh∂v Ah¿°v
tXm∂pw. A{Xbpw `b-¶c - a
- m-bn-cn°pw AXv. A¥y-an-√mØ Hcp Pohn-XØ- ns‚
XpS-°-hp-am-bn-cn°pw AXv.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh ¬∏° ah ¬àªMôH Éæ«∏Y π° ØJh ¬HGòYh áeÉ«≤dG Ωƒj ∫GƒgCG øe ¬∏dG ÉfPÉYG
øj~dG Ωƒj ¤EG ¿É°ùMÉH º¡©ÑJG øeh ¬Ñë°Uh ¬dBGh ~ªfi Éæ«Ñf ≈∏Y ¬∏dG ≈∏°Uh
5269
`mKw 30 ¢ùÑY IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 80 A_k
5270
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80. kqdØp A_k

a°xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 42
\_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ a°x-bnse {]ap-J-cmb Nne Izpssdin t\Xm-°-fp-

ambn kwkm-cn-®pw, Ahsc Ckveman-te°v £Wn-®p-w sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-
˜
bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cn¬\n∂v \_n \√ {]Xn-I-cWw {]Xo-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cp-∂p. kzIm-cy-ambn D]-tZ-in-°p-tºmƒ A[nIw FXn¿∏p-t\-cn-Sp-I-bn-√-t√m.
Cu kµ¿`Øn-emWv A‘-\m-bn-cp∂ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p DΩn-aIvXqw
(`°VQ -Ωƒàµe ΩCG øH ¬∏dG ~ÑY) IS∂v sN∂-Xv. BZyw apX¬t° kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-
cn® Hcp kzlm-_n-bmWv At±-lw. A‘-X-\n-anØw kµ¿`w a\- n-em-°p-
hm≥ At±-l-Øn\v km[n-®n-cp-∂n-√. "\_n-tb, F\n°v am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬I-
Ww, h√Xpw ]Tn-∏n-®p-X-cWw' F∂n-ßs\ At±lw At]-£n-°p-I-bm-bn.
˜
\_n °v CXv hnc-k-am-bn-tØm-∂n. B kw`m-j-W-Øn\v hncm-a-an-Sp-hm≥
CXp-Im-c-W-am-Ip-sa∂v am{X-a-√, tIhew km[phpw A‘-\p-amb Hcmƒ Ah-
cpsS kZ- n¬ kw_-‘n-°p-∂Xv B {]am-Wn-am¿°v ckn-°p-I-bpan-√.
Aßs\ B kµ¿`w \jvS-s∏-t´-°p-sa∂v IcpXn Xncp-ta\n At±-l-tØmSv
sshapJyw ImWn°p-I-bp-≠mbn. Cu kw`h-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu A≤ym-b-
Øns‚ BZy-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Øn¬.
1! At±lw apJw Npfn-®p,
Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-˛
2! Xs‚ ASp-°¬ (B) Ipcp-
S≥ h∂-Xn-\m¬!
5271
!3! (\-_n-tb) \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw? At±lw ]cn-ip≤n {]m]n-
t®-°m-at√m!
!4! As√-¶n¬, At±lw D]-

tZiw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bpw, Aßs\
(B) D]- t Ziw At±- l - Ø n\v
{]tbm- P - \ - s ∏- S p- I bpw sNbv t X-
°mw.
1! At±lw apJw Npfn®p Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp !2!

Xs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂-Xn-\m¬ Ipcp-S≥, A‘≥ !3!
\n\°v F¥-dnbmw Ah-\m-tb°mw ]cn-ip≤n {]m]n°pw !4!
As√-¶n¬ Ah≥ D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-°pw, Hm¿an-t®°pw F∂n´v Ah\v
D]-Imcw sNbvIbpw D]-tZiw, kvacW
At±lw apJw Npfn®p F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n ˜

sb Dt±-in-®m-Ip-∂p.
˜
\_n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-t≠m, t]cv hy‡-am-°n-s°mt≠m Bt£-
˜
]n-°m-sX, kuay-amb cq]-Øn¬ A√mlp \_n °v acymZ ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-
bm-Wv. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Dt±iyw ]cn-]m-h-\hpw al-Øm-bXpw Xs∂. ]t£,
Hcp adp-hiw IqSn Btem-Nn-t°-≠X - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-s\-∏‰
- n-bmWv Bt£-
˜
]n-°p-∂-Xv. F{X \n m-c-am-bn-cp-∂mepw \_n -bpsS ]°¬ Hcp hogvN
h∂p-t]m-bm¬, DSs\ A√mlp AXv Xncp-ØpI ]Xn-hm-Wv. CXn\v DZm-l-c-
W-ßƒ Izp¿-B-\n¬ thsdbpw ImWmw.
Hcmƒ as‰m-cm-tfmSv kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ as≤y Abm-tfmSv
CS°v IS∂v kwkm-cn-°p-I, Ah-cpsS kw`m-j-W-Øn\v hnLm-X-ap-≠m-°p-
I, Ah-cpsS kΩXw {]Xo-£n-°msX Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ {]th-in-°pI apX-
em-bh \√ hg-°-a-√. \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Ch-sb-°p-dn®v {]tXyIw {]kvXm-
hn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. B ÿnXn°v C_v\p DΩn-aIvXqw (d) IS-∂p-sN-∂-t∏mƒ Xncp-
ta-\n°v shdp∏v tXm∂n-b-Xn¬ C{X Bt£-]n-°p-hm-\pt≠m F∂v kwi-bn-
°-s∏-Smw. CXn\v adp-]Sn A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ AS-ßn-bn-cn-
°p-∂Xv ImWmw. BK-X≥ tIhew IÆp-Im-WmØ Hcmƒ; h∂Xv D]-tZiw
tXSn-s°m≠v; B D]-tZiw At±-l-Øn\v êw-sN-øp-sa∂v \ymb-ambpw Icp-
Xm-hp-∂X - p-am-Wv. AtX-ka
- b
- Øv \_n b - psS k∂n-[n-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂htcm? ˜
D]-tZiw Ah¿°v Atßm´v sh®p-sI-´p-I-bm-Wv. AXv kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\p≈
k≥a-\- p-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Icp-X-Ø° \ne-]m-S√ Ah¿°p-≈-Xpw. XpS¿∂v ]d-
bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:˛
5272
!5! F∂m¬, [\yX \Sn®
[kzbw ]cym-]vX-s\∂v [cn-®-]h-
\m-I-s´,˛
6! Ah-\p-th≠n \o Hcp-sº-
ń-cn-°p-∂p.
7! Ah≥ ]cn-ip≤n {]m]n-°m-
Xn- c n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ m¬ \ns‚- t a¬
F¥mWv (_m-[y-X) D≈Xv?!
8! F∂m¬ (D¬km-l]
- q¿∆w)
]m™p-sIm≠v \ns‚ ASp-°¬
h∂-h-\m-I-s´,
9!˛ At±-ltam (A-√m-lp-hn-
s\) `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p˛
10! At±- l - s Ø- ∏ ‰n \o
A{i≤ ImWn-°p∂p!
5! F∂m¬ bmsXm-cp-h≥ [\yX (]-cym-]vXX˛ Bh-iy-an-

√m-bva) \Sn® !6! At∏mƒ \o Ah-\p-th-≠n, Ah-\n-te°v
\o Hcp-sº´p ({i≤ Xncn-™p˛ Xøm-dm-bn) !7! \ns‚-ta¬ F¥m-
Wp-≈Xv (H-∂p-an-√) Ah≥ ]cn-ip≤n {]m]n-°msX (\-∂m-hm-sX)
Ccn-°p-∂Xv !8! F∂m¬ bmsXm-cp-h-\m-Is´ \ns‚ ASp-°¬
h∂ D¬km-ln®p (]m-™p˛ A≤zm-\n-®p)-sIm≠v !9! Ah-\m-I-
s´, Aht\m `b-s∏-Sp∂p (Xm-\pw)!10! F∂m¬ \o Ah-
\n¬\n∂v {i≤ Xncn-°p∂p, A{i≤ ImWn-°p∂p
[\hpw t\Xr-Xz-hp-ap-≠v. Xßƒ kzoI-cn-®p-h-cp∂ \S-]-Sn-I-sf-√mw-X-s∂-
bmWv icn-bm-bn-´p-≈-sX∂ [mc-Wbpw! AXp-sIm≠v as‰m-cm-fpsS B{i-
btam D]-tZ-itam Xßƒ°m-hi - y-an-s√-∂mWv Ah-cpsS \ne. Ah¿°p-th≠n
kabw Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ t`Zw `b-`‡\pw hnPvRm-\-Zm-ln-bp-amb
B am\ys‚ Imcy-Øn¬ {i≤-sIm-Sp-°-emWv F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. Cu hN-\-
ßƒ Ah-X-cn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Xncp-ta\n B alms\ ]q¿∆m-[nIw BZ-cn-°pI
]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lsØ ImWp-tºmƒ Xncp-ta\n »HQ ¬«a »æÑJÉY øŸ ÉÑMôe (Fs‚
d∫v Fs∂ Bt£-]n-°p-hm≥ CS-bmb Bƒ°v kzmK-Xw) F∂v ]d-bm-dp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-s{X. \_n aZo\x hn´p-t]mb Nne Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ At±-l- ˜
5273
sØ-bm-bn-cp-∂p aZo-\x-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn \n›-bn-®n-cp-∂X
- v. Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS _m¶p-hn-fn-°m-cn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. 3, 4, 8, 9 F∂o hN-
\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp At±-l-sØ-°p-dn®v {]iw-kn-®Xv F{X-am{Xw A\z¿∞-
am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v CXn¬\n-s∂ms° a\ n-em-°m-at√m.
!11! Aßs\ th≠! \n›-b-
ambpw Ah [Izp¿- B ≥ hN- \ -
ßƒ] Hcp D]-tZ-i-am-Ip-∂p.
12! BI-bm¬, B¿ (th-W-

sa- ∂ v ) Dt±- i n- ® pthm Ah- c Xv
Hm¿an-®p-sIm-≈-s´.
13! am\n-°-s∏´-Xmb Nne
FSp-I-fn-emWv (A-Xp-≈-Xv),˛
14! (A-sX) D∂-X-am-°-s∏-

´Xpw, ]cn-ip-≤-am-°-s∏-´-Xp-amb
(GSpI-fn¬);-˛
15! Nne ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am-
cpsS ssI°v;˛
16! ˛am- \ y≥am- c pw, ]pWy-

hm≥amcp-amb (Zu-Xy-hm-l-I≥am-
cpsS ssI°v).
11! Aßs\ th≠m, AX√ \n›-b-ambpw AXv, Ah Hcp

D]-tZ-i-am-Wv, kvac-W-bmWv !12! AXn-\m¬ B¿ Dt±-in-°p-∂pthm
Ah-\Xv Hm¿an-°-s´, kvacn-°p-∂-XmWv !13! Nne GSp-I-fn¬
am\n-°-s∏-´, BZ-c-Wo-b-amb !14! Db¿Ø (D-∂-X-am-°)-s∏´
ip≤-am-°-s∏´ !15! ssII-fn¬, ssII-fm¬ (ssI-°v)
Nne ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am-cp-sS, Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS !16! am\y≥am-cmb
]pWy-hm≥am-cm-b, KpW-hm≥am-cmb
kmcw: Aßs\ kZp-]t- Ziw tXSn-hc - p-∂h

- s‚ t\sc A{i≤ ImWn-
°p-I-bpw, AXn-\m-h-iy-an-s√∂v sh®-h-cpsS t\sc {i≤-]-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-
≠-Xn-√. Cu HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p∂ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ -˛A-Yhm Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-
5274
ßƒ˛ Ah-cn¬ \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w sh®p-sI-t´≠ Bh-iy-hp-an-√. Imc-Ww,
Ah tIhew D]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv. thW-sa-∂p-≈-h¿ AXv kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈s´
Ft∂-bp-≈q. F∂m¬, AXv km[m-cW D]-tZ-i-ß-sf-t∏m-se-bp≈ H∂-√.
]pWy-hm≥am-cpw, am\y≥am-cp-amb Nne ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am-cpsS ssI°v ]cn-
ip-≤hpw D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-amb BZ-c-Wob {KŸ-ß-fn¬ ÿnXn-
sN-øp-∂ D]-tZ-i-ß-f-s{X. Aß-s\, Ah hfsc kwip-≤hpw ]cn-]m-h-\p-am-
Ip-∂p.
IôØ°S (k-^-d-Øv) F∂ hm°n-\mWv "ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am¿' F∂v

A¿∞w I¬]n-®-Xv. c≠v Iq´¿°p-an-S-bn¬ At\ym\yw ktµ-i-ßƒ FØn-
°p-∂-h¿°v "k^-dØv' F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Spw. A√m-lp-hn\pw P\-ßƒ°p-an-S-
bn-ep≈ ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am-cmb {]hm-N-I≥amsc Dt±-in-®mWv B hm°v
ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ {]kvXm-hn-°p-
∂-Xv. F¶n-epw, C_v\p-P-co¿ (d) _pJmcn (d) apX-em-b-h¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-
Xp-t]m-se, ae-°p-I-fm-Wv ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa-∂p-≈-XmWv icn-bmb ]£w.
A√m-lp-hn\pw {]hm-NI - ≥am¿°p-an-Sb
- n-ep≈ ZuXy-hm-lI
- cpw hlvbpsIm≠v
hcp-∂-hcpw ae-°p-I-fm-W-t√m. "k^-dØv' F∂ hm°n\v "Fgp-Xp-∂-h¿'
F∂pw A¿∞w hcpw. Cu A¿∞sØ B[m-c-am°n Izp¿-B≥ Fgp-Xn-sh-
°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmWv ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Nne¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-
°p-∂p. CX-\p-k-cn®v ∞ë°U ‘ (G-Sp-I-fn¬) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ hnh£ A∏-
˜
t∏mƒ Ah-X-cn-°p∂ Izp¿-Bs‚ `mK-ßƒ \_n bpsS I¬]-\-{]-Imcw
kzlm-_n-Iƒ FgpXn kq£n®p h∂ncp∂ GSp-I-fm-sW∂pw Ah¿ ]d-bp-
∂p. ZuXy-hm-l-I≥am¿ ae-°p-I-fm-sW∂v sh°p-tºmƒ˛ AXmWv IqSp-X¬
_e-s∏´ A`n-{]m-b-hpw˛ GSp-IƒsIm-≠p≈ hnh£ A√m-lp-hns‚ ⁄m\-
^-e-I-am-Ip∂ "eulp¬ al-^qfzv' (®ƒØÙG ìƒ∏dG) Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
kq: hmIznAx 77 ˛ 80 ¬ Izp¿-B-s\-∏‰n `{Z-amb Hcp {KŸ-Øn-

emWv AXv D≈-sX-∂pw, ]cn-ip-≤-am-°-s∏-´-h-c-√msX AXv kv]¿in-°p-∂-
X-s√-∂pw, AXv temI-c-£n-Xm-hn-¶¬\n∂v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw
{]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠t√m. kq: _pdq-Pn¬ |®ƒØfi ìƒd ‘}|~«› ¿BGôb ƒg πH} (F-¶nepw,
AXv al-Ømb Hcp Izp¿-B-\m-Ip∂p; kpc-£n-X-amb Hcp ê-I-Øn-em-Wp-
≈-Xv) F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Bi-bw-X-s∂-bmWv Cu hN-\-ßfpw
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv. IqSp-X¬ hnhcw B c≠v ÿeØpw t\m°p-I.
Hcp kwKXn ChnsS Hm¿t°≠-Xp-≠v. kzlm-_n-I-fm-Ip∂ kXy-hn-

izm-kn-I-fpsS ssI°v FgpXn kq£n-°-s∏-´p-h-cp∂ GSp-I-fmWv ChnsS Dt±-
iy-sa∂v sh°p-tºmƒ˛ Ah hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤hpw D∂-Xhpw Xs∂-
bm-sW-¶n-epw˛ Ah-sb-∏‰n Ckvemans‚ ITn-\-i-{Xp-°-fmb Izpssdin {]am-
5275
Wn-I-fpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬ AXn\v Hcp {]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\-bp-≠m-Ip-hm≥ Ah-
Im-i-an-√. Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ AXv sh®p-sI-t´-≠-Xn-s√-∂pw, thW-sa-¶n¬ Ah¿
kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈s´ F∂pw ]d-™p-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Cu hnjbw A√mlp
{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ Ah¿°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-cpw, Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬
\n m-c≥am-cp-amb kzlm-_n-Iƒ FgpXn kq£n-°p∂ GSp-I-fpsS ]cn-]m-
h-\Xzw Ah-cpsS apºn¬ sh°p-∂-Xn¬ hfsc HuNn-Xy-sam∂pw ImWp-∂n-
√. "k^-dØn's‚bpw 'GSp'IfpsSbpw hnti-j-W-ß-fmbn A√mlp ]d™
hm°p-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®mepw C_v\p-Pc - o¿ apX-em-bh
- c
- psS A`n-{]m-bØ
- n-\mWv
ap≥Xq°w ImWp-∂-Xv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
!17! a\p-jy≥ sIm√-s∏-Ss´

[\mi-a-S-bs´]. F¥m-W-h≥ C{X
\µn-sI-´-h≥ (A-Yhm Ahn-izm-
kn) BbXv?!
18! GsXmcp hkvXp-hn¬\n-
∂mWv Ah≥ [A√mlp] Ahs\
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv?
19! Hcp C{µn- b - Ø p- ≈ n-

bn¬\n∂v (X-s∂). (A-sX) Ah
s\ Ah≥ krjv S n- ® p; F∂n´v
Ahs\ (th-≠-{]-Im-cw) hyh-ÿ-
sNbvXp;˛
20! ]ns∂, (A-h≥ Ncn-t°-
≠p∂) am¿Kw Ah\v Ffp-∏a
- m-°n-
s°m-SpØp;˛
21! ]ns∂, Ahs\ ac-W-s∏-

SpØn; F∂n-´h- s\ "Iz_vdn-'em°n
(a-d-®p);˛
!22! ]n∂oSv Ah≥ [A√mlp]

Dt±- i n- ° p- t ºmƒ Ahs\ (ho-
≠pw) Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]n-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv.
17! sIm√-s∏Ss´ (\-in-°s´˛im]-a-S-b-s´) a\p-jy≥
Ahs\ (C-{X-b-[n-Iw) \µn-sI-Sp-Øn-bXv (A-hn-izm-kn-bm-°n-b-Xv) F¥mWv
5276
!18! GsXmcp hkvXp-hn¬\n-∂mWv Ah≥ Ahs\ krjvSn-
®Xv !19! Hcp C{µn-b-Øp-≈n-bn¬\n∂v Ah≥ Ahs\
krjvSn®p F∂n-´-hs\ (A-h-∂p IW-°m-°n, hyh-ÿ-sNbvXp !20!
]ns∂ hgn Ah≥ Ah\v Ffp∏ (\n-jv{]-bm-k)-am°n !21!
]ns∂ Ahs\ ac-W-s∏-SpØn -F-∂n-´-hs\ Iz_vdn-em°n !22!
]ns∂ Ah≥ Dt±-in-®m¬, th≠p-I-sh-°p-tºmƒ Ahs\
Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]n°pw
a\p-jy≥ kXy-\n-tj-[nbpw [n°m-cn-bp-ambn Pohn-°p-I-hgn A√m-

lp-hn-t\mSv ImWn-°p∂ \µn-tI-Sns‚ Kuchw Ahs‚ BZy-¥N - c
- n{Xw Nq≠n-
°m-ń-s°m≠v Ahs\ sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. AtX Ncn-{Xw-Xs∂ Ahs‚
]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn\v sXfnhv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ahs‚ AkvXnXzw DS-
se-Sp-ØXv FhnsS \n∂m-sW∂v tNmZn®p Ahs‚ a\- ns\ Xń DW¿Øn-
s°m-≠mWv B Ncn{Xw Ahs\ Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. AsX, tIhew \n m-c-
amb Hcp C{µnb _nµp-hn¬\n-∂m-W-hs‚ D¬`-hw. Aß-s\, Ah\v Hcp
]q¿W-amb a\p-jy-cq]w \¬In. BIr-Xn-bpw, {]Ir-Xnbpw \n›-bn-®p.
A∂hpw Bbp- p-sa√mw hyh-ÿ-sN-bvXp. \∑-Xn≥a-I-fp-sS-bpw, hnPb ]cm-
P-b-Øn-s‚bpw am¿Kw hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v t\¿am¿Khpw kuI-cy-s∏SpØns°m-
Sp-Øp. AsX, Ah-∂vth-≠-sX√mw sImSp-Ø-cp-fn. ]n∂oSv Bbp-jvImew
Ah-km-\n-®-t∏mƒ ac-W-s∏-SpØn `qan-bn¬ ad-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn-s‚-
sb√mw I¿Ømhpw \nb-¥m-hp-amb AtX A√m-lp-X-s∂-bmWv Xm≥ Dt±-
in-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ a\p-jys\ ho≠pw Pohn-∏n-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xpw.
F¥p-sIm≠v Cusbmcp Imcyw Ah\v hniz-kn-°p-hm-\pw, \ymbo-I-cn-°p-
hm\pw Ign-bp-∂n√?! CXns‚ t]cn-em-Wt√m Ahs‚ \ntj-[hpw [n°m-c-
hp-sam-s°. At∏mƒ, Ahs‚ \µn-tI-Spw, Ahs‚ \ntj-[hpw Atß-A‰w
ISpØ-Xp-Xs∂!
πàb (sIm-√-s∏-S-s´) F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞-sØbpw Dt±-iy-sØbpw

kw_-‘n®v kq: ap±-YvYn-dn¬ hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. a\p-jys‚ \µn-tI-Sn¬
A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ shdp∏pw {]Xn-tj-[-hp-am-WXv Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp
XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p:˛
!23!Aßs\ th≠m! Ah-

t\mSv Ah≥ [A√mlp] Iev]n-®Xv
Ah≥ \n¿h-ln-®n-√.
5277
!24! F∂m¬, a\p-jy≥ Xs‚
`£-W-Øn-te°v (H∂v Nn¥n-®p)
t\m°s´;˛
25! AXm- b - X v , \mw (a- g )
sh≈w Hcp (i-‡n-bm-b) sNmcn-
®p-sIm-Sp-°¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-
Xv.
26! ]ns∂ `qansb \mw Hcp
(bp-‡a - m-b) ]nf¿Ø¬ ]nf¿Øn.
27! Aß-s\, AXn¬ \mw
[m\yw apf-∏n®p;
28! ap¥ncnbpw, ]®-°-dn-bpw.
29! Heo-hpw, CuØ-∏-\-bpw.
30! (hr-£-ßƒ) \nd™p

\n¬°p∂ tXm´-ßfpw
31! ]g- h ¿K- h pw, ta®n¬
]p√pw (ap-f-∏n-®p);˛
32! \nßƒ°pw, \nß-fpsS
I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ°pw D]-tbm-K-Øn-
\m-bn-´v.
23! Aß-s\-b-√, th≠ Ah≥ \n¿h-ln-®n√ Ah≥
Ah-t\mSv Iev]n-®Xv!24! F∂m¬ t\m°n-s°m-≈s´ a\p-jy≥
Xs‚ `£-W-Øn-te°v !25! \mw sNmcn-™p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-
°p-∂Xv sh≈w Hcp sNmcn-°¬ !26! ]ns∂ \mw ]nf¿Øn
`qansb Hcp ]nf¿Ø¬ !27! F∂n´v \mw apf-∏n®p, D¬]m-
Zn-∏n®p AXn¬ [m\yw !28! ap¥n-cnbpw ]®-°dn (C-e-°-
dn˛ Idn-s®-Sn)bpw !29! sskØq-\pw, Heohpw CuØ-∏\ - bpw!30!
tXm´-ßfpw (a-c-ßƒ) \nd-™, Xnßn-b, \n_n-U-amb !31!
]g-ß-fpw, ê-h¿Khpw ta®¬]p√pw !32! \nßƒ°v D]-tbm-K-
Øn\v \nß-fpsS Imen (B-Sp-am-sSm-´-Iw)-Iƒ°pw
5278
a\p-jy-∂pw, Ahs‚ Imen-Iƒ°pw Bh-iy-amb hnhn[ `£y-hn`-h-ßsf
`qan-bn¬ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ib
- pw, AXn-\p-th≠n ag h¿jn-∏n-°p-Ib
- pw, `qan ]mI-
s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v am{Xw Ah¿ Nn¥n®p t\m°p-
∂-Xm-bmepw Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn\v Af-h‰ \µn sNøm≥ IS-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v
ImWmw. Ch¿°v ]pd-sa, FÆn-bm¬ XocmØ A\p-{K-l-ßƒ thsdbpw
Ccn-°p-∂p. F∂n´v Ah≥, A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-Iƒ \nd-th‰phmt\m Ah-
t\mSv \µn ImWn-°p-hmt\m Xøm-dm-Ip-∂n√ F∂v kmcw. ]®-bn¬ apdn-s®-
SpØv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ F√m ]®-°-dn-s®Sn (t]m-j-I-s®-Sn)-Iƒ°pw s]mXp-
hn¬ ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ hm°mWv Ö° b (IzZzv_v). Hcp {]tXyI sNSn-bpsS t]cm-
sW∂pw Idn°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ F√m Ce-s®-Sn-Iƒ°pw ]d-bp∂ t]cm-
sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. ÜCG (A-∫v) F∂m¬, a\p-jy¿ Xn∂m-dn-√m-Ø-Xpw,
Imen-Iƒ ta™p-Xn-∂p-∂-Xp-amb ]p¬s®-Sn-I-fm-Ip-∂p. \µn-tI-Sns‚ A\-
¥-c-êw A\p`-hn-t°≠n hcp∂ B `b-¶-c-L-´-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv ASpØ
hN-\-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!33! F∂m¬, sNIn-S-S-°p∂
(B òI-c) i_vZw h∂m¬!˛
34! AXm- b - X v , a\p- j y≥

Xs‚ ktlm-Z-cs\ hn´p HmSn-t∏m-
Ip∂ Znh-kw,˛
35! Xs‚ amXm- h ns\- b pw,

]nXm-hn-s\bpw (hn-´pw)
36! Xs‚ XpW [`mcy]-sb-
bpw, Xs‚ a°- s fbpw (hn´pw
HmSp∂ Znh-kw)! [lm! F¥m-bn-
cn°pw A∂v Ahs‚ \ne?!]
37! A∂sØ Znh-kw, Ah-

cn¬ F√m (Hm-tcm) a\p-jy-\p-ap-
≠m-bn-cn°pw; Ahs\ aXn-bm-°-
Ø° Hcp Imcyw
33! F∂m¬ h∂m¬, hcp-tºmƒ sNIn-SS- °

- p∂ i_vZw
!34! (t]-Sn-®p) HmSn-t∏m-Ip∂ Znhkw a\p-jy≥ Xs‚
ktlm-Z-c-s\-hn´v !35! Xs‚ DΩsb (am-Xm-hn-s\)bpw Xs‚
5279
_m∏msb (]n-Xm-hn-s\)bpw !36! Xs‚ XpW (`m-cy)-sbbpw
Xs‚ a°-sfbpw !37! F√m a\p-jy-\p-ap≠v Ah-cn¬\n∂v
A∂v, B Znhkw Hcp Imcyw, hnjbw Ahs\ sFiz-cy-am-
°p∂ (a-Xn-bm-°p-∂)
A¥y-\m-fn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ Imlfw DuØn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv áNÉ°üdG (D-{KX
\nanØw sNIn-Sp-s]mń tIƒhn \jvS-s∏-Sp-am-dp≈ `b-¶c i_vZw) F∂v
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A∂v Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw `b-hn-lz-e-cmbn InSp-In-Sp-Øp-t]m-
Ip-∂p. Hcmƒ°pw as‰m-cm-sf-°p-dn®v Nn¥tbm Hm¿atbm D≠m-Ip-∂-X-√.
Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw "Xs‚ Imcyw Xs‚ Imcyw' F∂v am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. Imc-
Ww, Ah-\-hs‚ Imcyw Xs∂ Ah-\-h\v ]nSn-∏Xpw AXn-e-[n-I-hp-ap-≠m-
bn-cn°pw! F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Iqdpw `‡nbpw ]pe¿Øn-h-∂-h-cpw,
\µn-tISpw [n°m-chpw Imń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-hcpw Hcp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cn-°ptam?
A√;˛
!38! Nne apJ-ßƒ A∂sØ

Znh-kw ({]-k-∂-am-bn) sXfn-™-
h-bm-bn-cn°pw;˛
39! Nncn-°p-∂h
- b
- m-bn-cn-°pw,
kt¥mjw sIm≈p-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-
°pw.
40! (th-sd) Nne apJ-ß-fm-

I-s´, A∂v Ah-bpsS ta¬ s]mSn-
]-Sew D≠mbn-cn-°pw.
41! Ahsb Iqcn-cp´v aqSn-bn-

cn-°pw.
42! A°q-´-cs{X, tXm∂n-b-

hm-kn-I-fmb Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ.
38! Nne apJ-ßƒ A∂v sXfn™ (tim-`n-®˛ {]k-∂-

am-b)hbm-bn-cn°pw !39! Nncn-°p-∂h kt¥mjw sIm≈p-
∂h !40! Nne apJ-ß-fm-hs´ A∂v AXns‚ taep-≠m-bn-
cn°pw s]mSn !41! Ahsb aqSpw, s]mXnbpw Iqcn-cp-´v, Ccpƒ
5280
!42! A°q´¿ Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ, \µn-sI-´-
h¿ tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fm-b, alm-]m-]n-I-fmb
At∏mƒ BZyw ]d™ {]k-∂a - p-Jß

- ƒ kpIr-Xh
- m≥amcmb kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-fm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. A√mlp Ahs‚ al-Ømb Imcp-Wyw-
sIm≠v \sΩ-sb√mw kpIr-X-hm≥am-cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØn
A\p-{K-ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
5281
`mKw 30 ôjƒµàdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 81 XIvho¿
5282
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ôjƒµàdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
81. kqdXp ØIvho¿

a°x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 29
Camw AlvaZv, Xn¿a-Zo, lmInw (d) F∂n-h¿ \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-´p≈
Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ C{]-Imcw h∂n-cn-°p∂p; "Iznbm-a-Øv-\m-fns\ IÆp-
sIm≠v ImWp-∂-t]mse t\m°n°mWphm≥ Bsc-¶nepw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-
¶n¬, Ah≥ â≤°ûfG AÉª°ùdG GPEG h äô£ØfG AÉª°ùdG GPEG h äQƒc ¢ùª°ûdG GPEG (kq: XIvho¿, kq:
C≥^n-Xzm¿, kq: C≥in-Izm-Izv) F∂nh HmXn-s°m-≈-s´.'
Øn¬.
1! kqcy≥ Np‰n-s∏m-Xn-b-s∏-
Sp-tºmƒ;˛
2! \£-{X-ßƒ DXn¿∂p-ho-gp-
Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
3! ]¿h-X-ßƒ (ÿm-\w-hn-´v)
\S-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
4! ]q¿W-K¿`n-Wn-I-fmb H´-
I-ßƒ shdpsX (H-gn-®v) hnS-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
5! Im´p-P-¥p-°ƒ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-
´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;
6! kap-{Z-ßƒ Xnf-®p-a-dn-°-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;
5283
!7! Bflm-°ƒ (A-Yhm Bfp-
Iƒ Iqń) CW- ° - s ∏- S p- I bpw
sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
8! (Po-h-t\m-sS) Ign-®p-aq-S-
s∏´ (s]¨) inip tNmZyw sNø-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
9! GsXmcp Ip‰-Øn-\mWv
AXv sIm√-s∏-´Xv F∂v;˛
10! GSp-Iƒ (Xp-d∂

- v) hncp-Ø-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
11! BImiw Dcn(®p ad-\o)-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
12! Pzen-°p∂ A·n [\cIw]
Bfn-°-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sNøp-
tºmƒ;˛
13! kz¿Kw ASp-∏n-®p-sIm≠v

hc-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ;˛
14! (A-t∏mƒ) Hmtcm Bfpw

Xm≥ Xøm-dm-°n-s°m≠v h∂-sX-
s¥∂v Adn-bp-∂-XmWv!
1! kqcy-\m-Ip-tºmƒ, (B-Ip∂ ka-bw˛ BI-bm¬) AXv

Np‰n-s∏m-Xnb (Np-cp-ń-a-S-°)-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !2! \£-{X-ß-fm-Ip-
tºmƒ Ah DXn¿∂v (sIm-gn-™p) NmSp(-tºmƒ) !3! ]¿h-
X-ß-fm-Ip-tºmƒ Ah \S-Ø-s∏Sp(-tºmƒ) !4! (]q¿W)
K¿`n-Wn-I-fmb H´-I-ßƒ BIpt-ºmƒ Ah shdpsX hnS(an-\-s°-Sp-
Ø)s∏Sp(-tºmƒ) !5! Im´p-P-¥p-°-fm-Ip-tºmƒ Ah Hcp-
- ∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !6!
an-®p-Iq-´s kap-{Z-ßf
- m-Ip-tºmƒ Ah Xnf®p
adn-° (-I-hn-s®m-gn-°˛ IØn-°)-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !7! Bflm-°ƒ
(tZ-l-ßƒ˛ Bfp-Iƒ) BIp-tºmƒ Ah CW-°-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !8!
5284
(Po-h-t\m-sS) Ipgn-®p-aq-S-s∏-´Xv (Ip-gn®p aqS-s∏-´-h) BIp-tºmƒ
AXv (A-h) tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !9! GXv Ip‰w (]m-
]w) \nan-Ø-amWv AXv sIm√-s∏´Xv F∂v !10! GSp-I-fm-
Ip-tºmƒ Ah hncp-Ø-c-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !11! BIm-i-am-Ip-
tºmƒ AXv (tXm¬) Dcn®p \o°-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !12! Pzen-
°p∂ A·n (\-c-Iw) BIp-tºmƒ AXv Bfn-°-Øn-°-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ)
!13! kz¿Kw BIp-tºmƒ AXv ASp-∏n° (A-Sp-Ø-h-cp-Ø)-
s∏Sp(tºmƒ) !14! Adnbpw GXv (Hm-tcm) tZlhpw (B-fpw,
Bflm-hpw) AsX¥v lmP-cm-°n-sb∂v, AXv Xøm-dm-°n-bXv
Iznbm-aØ
- p-\m-fnse ITn-\I
- t- Tm-cß
- f
- mb Nne kw`h-hn-Im-kß
- f
- mWv
A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv:
(1) kqcy≥ Np‰n-s∏m-Xn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AYhm AXns‚ {]Imiw \jvS-

s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
(2) \£{X {Kl-ß-sf√mw Ah-bpsS ÿm\hpw {Iahpw hn´v sImgn-

™p-ho-gp-∂p.
(3) ]¿h-X-ßƒ Ah-bpsS ÿm\w-hn´v \o°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xń-Ø-

I¿°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
(4) Ad-_n-I-fpsS ASp-°¬ {]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\-bp-≈-Xpw, Ah-cpsS

kº-Øp-I-fn¬ hne-s∏-´-Xp-amb ]q¿W-K¿`n-Wn-I-fmb H´-I-ßƒt]mepw
AKWy tImSn-bn¬ X≈-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah-sb-∏‰n {i≤n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw Ah-
kcw D≠m-I-bn-√.
(5) Im´p-Po-hn-I-fpw, ZpjvS-P-¥p-°fpw ]cn-{`m¥n \nanØw ]c-kv]cw

bmsXmcp A{I-atam FXn¿t∏m IqSmsX IqSn-°-e-cp-∂p.
(6) `qan-bpsS kz`mhw ]msS amdn-t∏m-Ip∂ Iq´-Øn¬ kap-{Z-ßƒ

Xnf-®p-a-dn-bp-Ibpw Ihn-s™m-gp-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. As√-¶n¬ kap-{Z-Pew
h‰n X¬ÿm-\Øv Xo]n-Sn®v t]mIp∂p F∂pw kmc-am-bn-cn-°mw. C∏-d-™-
sX√mw BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. AsX,
`qanbpw BIm-ihpw C∂-tØ-Xn¬\-n∂v hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb as‰mcp cq]-
5285
Øn¬ am‰w sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Znh-k-am-W-Xv. (º«gGôHG - ¢VQC’G ÒZ ¢VQC’G ∫~ÑJ Ωƒj)
(7) Hmtcm Xc-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-Ifpw AtX Xc-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-I-fp-

ambn CW-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. AY-hm, \√-h¿ \√-hc
- p-am-bpw, NoØ-s∏-´h
- ¿ NoØ-
s∏-´-h-cp-ambpw Iqń-t®¿°-s∏-Spw. As√-¶n¬ Hmtcm Bflmhpw AXns‚
PU-hp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v kmcw. 7 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v Cu c≠v
{]Im-c-Ønepw hymJym\w \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
(8) s]Ïp™v ]nd-°p-tºmƒ Zmcn-{Zyhpw A]-am-\hpw`b∂v

AXns\ Poh-t\msS Ipgn-®p-aq-Sp∂ ]Xnhv Pmln-en-øm-Im-e-Øp≠mbn-cp-
∂p-h-t√m. B Ip™p-ßsf sIme-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah¿ sNbvX sX‰p-Ip-
‰-ß-sf-s¥∂v tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. AYhm Ah-cpsS Imcyw {]tXyIw
hnNm-c-W°v hcp-∂p.
(9) Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚ kI-eI

- ¿a-ßfpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øs - ∏-ń-´p≈ GSp-
Iƒ lmP-cm-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah-c-h¿ hmbn-®p-t\m-°p-amdv Ah \nh¿Øn
ssII-fn¬ \¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
(10) arK-ß-fpsS tXmep-cn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse BIm-i-Øns‚

ad-I-sf√mw \o°n am‰n Ah \Kv\am°n shfn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
(11) F{Xtbm Ime-ambn IØn-Pz-en-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ \cIw A∂v

{]tXyIw Bfn-°-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
(12) kz¿Kw k÷-\-ß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v ASp-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-h-c-

s∏-Sp-∂p. 91:AGô©°T-øjhÉ¨∏d º«ë÷G äRôHh Ú≤àª∏d áæ÷G âØdRCGh (kz¿Kw `b-`‡≥am-cn-
te°v ASp-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. Pzen-°p∂ \cIw Zp¿am¿Kn-I-fn-te°v shfn-hm-
°-s∏-SpIbpw sNøpw.)
Cß-s\-bp≈ AXn-Ku-ch L´-ßƒ A\p`-h-Øn¬ ImWp∂ Ah-k-

c-Øn¬ Hmtcm Bƒ°pw icn°pw Adn-bm-dm-Ipw, Xm≥ GsX√mw I¿a-
ß-fmWv ap≥Po-hn-X-Øn¬sh®v Xøm-dm-°n-s°m≠v h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, Ah-
bn¬ k¬°¿aw GsXm-s°-bmWv Zpjv°¿aw GsX-√m-amWv Fs∂m-s°.
F√mw Ahs‚ Gń-epw, Ahs‚ Hm¿a-bnepw Ah\v sXfn-™p-Im-Wpw.
B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kz¥w Gń¬ k¬°¿a-ßƒ I≠m-\-µn-°p∂ k÷-
\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-c-s´. Bao≥.
5286
!15! F∂m¬, ]n≥hm-ßn-t∏m-
Ip- ∂ - h - s Im≠v Rm≥ kXyw
sNbvXp-]-d-bp∂p;˛
16! (A- X m- b - X v ) k©- c n- ® p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂h; A{]-Xy-£-am-
bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂h;
17! cm{Xn (C-cp-´p-ambn apt∂m-

´v˛ As√-¶n¬ ]nt∂m-´v) Kan-°p-
tºmƒ AXp-sIm≠pw;˛
18! {]`mXw (hn- I - k n- ® v)

shfn®w hoin-h-cp-tºmƒ AXp-
sIm≠pw (kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp-
∂p);˛
19! \n›-b-ambpw CXv [Izp¿-
B≥] am\y- \ mb Hcp ZqXs‚
hm°m-Ip∂p;˛
20! (A-sX) i‡n-am-\m-bp-≈-
h≥, "A¿in's‚ [knwlm- k - \ -
Øns‚] DS- a - ÿ s‚ ASp- ° ¬
ÿm\-ap-≈-h≥,˛
21! AhnsS A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂-h≥, hniz-kvX≥. [Aß-s\-
bp≈ Hcp ZqXs‚ hm°m-Wv.]
15! F∂m¬ Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp-]-d-bp∂p ]n≥amdn

(a-S-ßn) t∏mIp-∂p-h-sIm≠v !16! \S-°p-∂-h, k©-cn-°p-∂h
ad-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-h, A{]-Xy-£-am-Ip-∂h !17! cm{Xn-sb-s°m≠pw
AXv aptºm´v (A-s√-¶n¬ ]ntºm-´v) Kan-°p-tºmƒ, Ccp-ń-hc
- p-tºmƒ
!18! {]`m-Xw-sIm≠pw AXp-sh-fn-®-s∏´p (hn-S¿∂p) hcp-
tºmƒ, Bizmkw sIm≈p-tºmƒ !19! \n›-b-ambpw AXv hm°p-
Xs∂ am\y- \ mb Hcp ZqXs‚ ! 20! i‡n- a m- \ mb
5287
A¿ins‚ DS-a-ÿs‚ ASp-°¬ ÿm\n !21! A\p-
k-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂h≥ AhnsS hniz-kvX≥
º°ùbCG ’ (Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp-∂p) F∂ hm°ns‚ LS-\-

sbbpw A¿∞-sØbpw kw_-‘n®v kq: hmIzn-Ax (á©bGƒdG)-bn-epw a‰pw {]kvXm-
hn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. aq∂v hkvXp-°-sf-s°m≠v A√mlp ChnsS kXyw sNbvXv
]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:
(1) \£-{X-ß-sf-s°m-≠v. cm{Xn \£-{X-ßƒ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

]I¬ A{]-Xy-£-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Nne \£-{X-ßƒ Ah-bpsS k©m-
c-]-Y-Øn-eqsS apt∂m-´v -h∂p {]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xn-\p-tijw ho≠pw ]nt∂m-´va-
Sßn ImgvNb - n¬\n∂v ad-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p. \£-{X-ßf - psS Cß-s\-bp≈ kz`m-
h-hn-ti-j-ß-fmWv 15, 16 hN-\-ß-fn¬ (¢ùæµdG QGƒ÷G ¢ùæÿG) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv.
(2) cm{Xn-sb-s°m-≠v. "aptºm´psh®v' F∂pw, "]ntºm-´p-sh®v' F∂p-

ap≈ c≠v hn]-co-Xm¿∞-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hm°mWv ¢ù©°ùY F∂
{Inb. AXp-sIm≠v 17 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ cm{Xn-bpsS kz`m-h-hn-ti-j-ambn
{]kvXm-hn® B hm°ns‚ Xm¬]cyw cm{Xn Ccp-´p-ambn aptºm-´p-h-cp∂
Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ft∂m, As√-¶n¬ AXv AXns‚ Ccp-´pw-sIm≠v ]nt∂m-´p-
t]m-Ip∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ft∂m BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw
Imcyw hy‡-am-W-t√m.
(3) {]`m-Xw-sIm-≠v. {]`m-X-Øns‚ hnti-j-X-bmbn {]kvXm-hn® ¢ùØæJ

F∂ hm°n\v "Biz-kn-®p, izkn-®p, hnI-kn-®p, shfn-s∏´p' Fs∂ms°
kµ¿à-\p-k-cn®v A¿∞w hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. {]`mXw AXns‚ shfn®w ]c-Øn-
s°m≠v shfn-s∏´p hym]n-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bmWv 18 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-
°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Hmtcm kXy-hm-N-I-ßƒ
]cn-tim-[n-®mepw Nn¥n-°p-∂h - ¿°v AXn¬ ]e XXz-ßfpw ]mT-ßfpw ZrjvSm-
¥-ßfpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ kXyX ÿm]n-°p-I-bmWv Cu kXy-ßƒ

aptJ\ A√mlp sNøp-∂-Xv. A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂v Izp¿-B≥ \_n °v ˜
h∂p-In-´p-∂Xv Pn_vco¬ (A) aptJ-\-bm-W-t√m. At±lw hfsc am\y-\mb
Hcp ssZh-Zq-X-\m-Ip-∂p. hfsc i‡n-am-\pw, temIm-tem-I-ß-fpsS knwlm-
k-\m-[n-]-Xn-bmb A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ Db¿∂ ÿm\-am-\-ß-fp≈ alm-
\p-a-s{X. am{X-a-√, Ahn-sS˛ AYhm ae-°p-I-fpsS Bhm-k-tI-{µ-amb "ae-
5288
D¬ AAvem'bn¬-˛ A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ t\Xm-hp-am-Wv. C{Xbpw alm-\pw,
hniz-kvX-\pw, tbmKy-\p-amb B ae-°mWv Xncp-ta-\n°v Izp¿-B≥ FØn-
®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. At±lw ]d™psIm-Sp-°p∂ AtX hN-\-ß-fmWv Izp¿-
B≥. At∏mƒ, Izp¿-B≥ h∂p Inń-b-am¿Kw AtßA‰w kpc-£n-Xhpw
hn-iz-k-\o-b-hp-am-Ip∂p. F\n, B alm-Zq-X-\n¬\n∂v AXv G‰p-hmßn kap-
Zmb as≤y HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw {]t_m-[\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂ B
ssZh-Zq-Xs ˜
- ‚˛ AsX, \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS ˛ÿn-Xntbm? AXmWv ASpØ
hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!22! \nß-fpsS NßmXn Hcp

{`m¥≥ A√-Xm-\pw.
23! Xo¿®-bmbpw At±-lsØ

[B ZqXs\] {]Xy-£a- mb (\-t`m)
aWvU- e - Ø n¬sh®v At±lw
I≠n-´p-≠v.
24! At±-l-am-Is´, AZr-iy-

hm¿Ø-sb-∏‰n ]nip°v ImWn-
°p∂ Bfp-a-√.
25! AXv [Izp¿-B≥] B´-

s∏´ [i]n- ° - s ∏´] h√ ]nim-
Nns‚ hm°pw A√.
22! A√, A√-Xm\pw \nß-fpsS Nßm-Xn, Iq´mfn
Hcp {`m¥≥ !23! Xo¿®-bmbpw At±lw At±-lsØ I≠n-´p-≠v.
\t`m-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ (D-]-cn) aWvU-e-Øn¬, N{I-hm-f-Øn¬, sh®v
{]Xy-£-amb !24! At±lw A√-Xm\pw AZr-iy-hn-h-c-sØ-
°p- d n- ® v , ad- ™ - h n- j - b - Ø n¬ ]nip°v (ep- _ v [ v ) ]nSn- ° p- ∂ - h ≥
!25! AX-√-Xm\pw h√ ]nim-Nn-s‚bpw hN-\w, Hcp ]nim-
Nns‚ hm°v B´ (i-]n-°)-s∏´
AsX, At±lw \nßƒ°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-\m-Wv. At±lw P\n-®p-h-f¿∂Xpw
Pohn-®p-h-cp-∂Xpw \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬X-s∂. At±-l-Øn\v {`mt¥m _p≤n-{`-
atam H∂p-an-√. At±lw _p≤n-am\pw hniz-kvX-\p-amWv. Fs∂ms°
\nßƒ°-dn-bm-a-t√m. apI-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ B alm-Zq-Xs\ At±lw
t\cn¬Xs∂ D]-cn-a-WvU-e-Øn¬sh®v I≠v ]cn-N-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. A√m-lp-
5289
hn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ AZr-iy-hn-h-c-ßƒ AtX-]Sn FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥
h√ hnt[-\bpw ]nip°v Imń Hfn®pw ad®pw sh°p∂ kz`m-h-°m-c-\p-a√
At±lw. \nßƒ P¬]n-°m-dp-≈-Xp-t]m-se, A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wy-
Øn¬\n∂pw Bń Zqc-Øm-°-s∏´ h√ ]nimNpw aptJ\ e`n-®-Xp-a√ Cu
Izp¿-B≥. hfsc A\p-Kr-lo-X\pw am\y-\p-amb Bƒ hgn-b-√msX˛A-√m-
lp-hns‚ im]-tIm-]ß - ƒ°v ]m{X-amb ]nim-Np-°f
- n¬\n-∂v˛ CØcw D¬Ir-
jvShpw ]cn-]m-h-\-hp-amb hN-\-ßƒ Fßs\ e`n-°m-\mWv? \nßƒ H´pw
Btem-Nn-°p-∂nt√?Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fpsS cXv\-Np-cp-°w.
˜
Pn_vco¬ (A)s\ \_n ]e-h´w ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn´ps≠-∂pw, At±-l-
Øns‚ km£m¬ cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂ c≠p-{]m-hiyw \_n I≠n-´p-s≠∂pw ˜
{]kn-≤-am-W-t√m. km£m¬ cq]-Øn-ep≈ ImgvN-sb-°p-dn-®mWv 23 ˛mw hN-
\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!26! At∏mƒ, Ftßm-´mWv

\nßƒ t]mIp-∂Xv?!
27! AXv temI¿°p-th-≠n-

bp≈ Hcp D]- t Ziw (A- Y hm
D¬t_m- [ - \ w) A√msX (a- s ‰m-
∂pw) A√.
28! AXm-bXv \nß-fn¬\n∂v

sNm∆n\v \ne-sIm-≈p-hm≥ Dt±-in-
®-h¿°p-th-≠n.
29! temI- c - £ n- X m- h mb
A√mlp Dt±- i n- ° p- ∂ - X m- b m- e -
√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-I-bn-√-
Xm-\pw.
26! At∏mƒ (F-∂n-cn-s°) Ftßm-´m-Wv, FhnsS \nßƒ

t]mIp-∂p, t]mIpw !27! AX√ Hcp D]-tZiw (kvac
- W
- , D¬t_m-
[-\w) A√msX temI¿°p-th≠n !28! AXm-bXv Dt±-in-®-
h¿°v \nß-fn¬\n∂v Xm≥ sNm∆n\v \n¬°p-hm≥ !29!
\nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂X
- √
- X
- m\pw Dt±-in-°p-∂X
- m-bm-e√
- msX
A√mlp temI-cpsS c£n-Xm-hmb
5290
hmkvXhw ta¬ hnh-cn® {]Im-c-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. F∂n-cns° \nß-
fpsS Zp¿\ym-b-ßfpw I≈-hm-Z-ßfpw ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ F¥v am¿K-amWv
\nßƒ°p-≈X - v? FhnsSt∏mbn-´mWv \nßƒ°-Xn\v km[y-am-IpI? C√, H∂p-
an-√. Fhn-sS-bp-an-√. temI¿°v BI-am\w th≠n-bp≈ D]-tZ-ihpw D¬t_m-
[-\hpw am{X-amWv Cu Izp¿B≥. CXmWv ]c-am¿∞w. ]t£, t\¿am¿K-
Øn¬ sNm∆n\v \ne-sIm-≈p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h¿t° AXns‚ {]tbm-P\w
e`n-°b - p-≈q. t\sc-ad- n®v \nß-sf-t∏mse \ntj-[Ø
- nepw a¿°S-ap-jvSn-bnepw
\ne-sIm-≈p-∂h - ¿°v AXp-sIm≠v t\´-sam∂pw ssIh-cp-hm-\n√ F∂v kmcw.
"temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm-e-√msX \nßƒ Dt±-in-°p-
∂-X√' F∂v A√mlp Ah-km-\-ambn DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp hºn®
auenI bmYm¿∞y-am-Ip∂ Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n kqd-Øp¬ C≥km≥ 30
˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ hmbn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
19 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ (am-\y-\mb Hcp ZqX≥) F∂v ]d™Xv

Pn_vco¬ (A) F∂ ae-°ns\ Dt±-in-®m-sW-∂pw, Izp¿-B≥ At±-l-Øns‚
hm°m-sW∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw At±-l-amWv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v
˜
AXv G‰p-hmßn \_n °v HmXn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-sX-∂m-sW∂pw ta¬ hnh-cn-
®-Xn¬\n∂v kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ s]mXp-hn¬ AwKo-
I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ "am\y-\mb ZqX≥' F∂v ]d-
˜
™Xv \_n sb Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw Nne¿ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. 20 apX¬ 23
IqSnb hN-\ß - ƒ im¥-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Cu A`n-{]m-bØ - n\v {]k-
‡n-bn-s√∂v ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 22 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ºµÑMÉ°U (\n-ß-fpsS Nßm-
˜
Xn) F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n sb Dt±-in-®m-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. hlvbv
e`n-°p-∂Xv ae°v apJm-¥-c-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v BZyw ae-°ns‚ hnizm-kyXbpw
tbmKy-Xbpw Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v 23 ˛mw hN-\Ø
- n¬
c≠v ZqX≥am-cpw˛ ae-°m-Ip∂ ZqX\pw a\p-jy-\m-Ip∂ ZqX-\pw˛ XΩn¬
t\cn´v _‘-s∏-ń-´p≈ hkvXp-Xbpw Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]n∂oSv 24 ˛mw
˜
hN-\-Øn¬ \_n -sb-°p-dn®v bmsXmcp Bi-¶°pw Ah-Im-i-an-s√∂pw
25¬ \ntj-[n-I-fpsS P¬]\w shdpw anYy-bm-sW∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.
am\y-\mb Hcp ZqX≥ (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ) F∂v 19 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-

°p-∂Xv \_n s ˜ - b-bm-sW∂ A`n-{]mbw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v XpS¿∂v ]d™
hnti-jW - ß
- s- f√mw \_n b˜- p-tS-Xm°n hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ kml-ks
- ∏-Sp∂
Iq´-Øn¬ Nne ]pØ≥ hymJym-\-°m¿˛ kqd-Øp-∂Pvan¬ Ah¿ sNbvXn-cn-
°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛ hrYm-{iaw Chn-sSbpw \S-Øn-°m-Wp-∂p. Aß-s\, 23 ˛mw
hN- \ - Ø n\v A√mlp \_n ˜ sb sXfn™ aWvU- e - Ø n- e mWv
I≠sX∂pw, AYhm "Xncp-ta\n D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-ep≈ BfmsW'∂pw
5291
a‰pw A¿∞-hym-Jym\w \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kqd-Øp-∂-Pvan¬sh®v Ch-cpsS
Cu A¿∞-hym-Jym-\-Øns‚ s]m≈-Ø-c-hpw, AXn\v Chsc t{]cn-∏n®
tNtXm-hn-Im-chpw \mw FSp-Øp-Im-ń-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ ChnsS IqSp-X¬
hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. F∂m-epw, "am\y-\mb ZqX≥ (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ)' F∂ hm°v
˜
\_n sb Dt±-in®v Xs∂-bm-sW∂v Xm¬]-cy-]q¿∆w ka¿∞n-°p-hm≥
Ch¿ sIm≠p-h∂ Nne \ymb-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Aev]-sam∂v DW¿tØ-≠n-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. kqd-Øp¬ lmIzvIzx 40 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ CtX-hm°v (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ
˜
F∂v) \_n sb Dt±-in®v {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Chn-sSbpw
Aß-s\-Øs∂ Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂mWv Ch-cpsS \ymbw. ZqXs‚ hnti-j-
W-ambn (21 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬) hniz-kvX≥ (ÚeCG) F∂v ]d-™p-h-t√m. \_n
˜
Xncp-ta-\n °v hniz-kvX≥ (ÚeC’G) Fs∂mcp ÿm\-t∏¿ ]d-b-s∏´v h∂n-cp-
∂Xv {]kvXm-hy-hpam-Wv. BI-bm¬ am\y-\mb ZqX≥ \_n ˜
-X-s∂-bm-
sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v CXpw Hcp sXfn-hmWv F∂s{X as‰mcp \ymbw.
H∂m-asØ \ymb-Øn-\p≈ adp-]Sn CXmWv: kqd-Øp¬ lmIzvIzx
˜
bn¬ am\y-\mb Hcp ZqX≥ (Ëôc ∫ƒ°SQ) F∂v ]d-™Xv \_n sb Dt±-in-®p-
X-s∂. kwi-b-an-√. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hm°v ImWp-∂n-S-sØ-√mw AXv \_n
˜ sb Dt±-in-®m-h-W-sa-∂n-√. Hcp \n›nX hy‡n-sb-∏‰n am{Xw ]d-b-s∏-Sm-
hp∂ Hcp {]tXy-I-\maw (áaô©e) A√ AXv. tIhew am\y\pw ZqX-\p-amb
GsXm-cm-sf-°p-dn®pw ]d-b-s∏Smhp∂ Hcp kmam-\y-\maw (Iôµf) am{X-am-W-
Xv. ae-s°t∂m a\p-jy-s\t∂m D≈ hyXym-k-Øn\pw AXn¬ ]cn-K-W-\-
bn-√. am{X-a-√, kq: lmIzvIzxbnse kµ¿`hpw, Cu kqd-Ønse kµ¿`hpw
hyXy-kvX-am-Wv -Xm-\pw. CXv kw_-‘n®v \mw AhnsS DW¿Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.
c≠m-a-sØ \ymb-Øns‚ adp-]Sn CXm-Wv. ÚeCG F∂ hnti-j-Whpw Xs∂
kmam-\y-\m-aa - m-bn-´mWv ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂X ˜
- v. \_n b
- psS {]tXyI
hnti-j-W-sa∂ \ne-°m-bn-cp∂p AXn-hnsS ]d-™n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXn¬
A¬ ( ∫CG) F∂ Ahybw tN¿Øv ÚeC’GC F∂ {]tXy-In-∏n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
˜
Aßs\ sNømØ ÿnXn°v AXv \_n -bpsS hnti-j-W-am-bn-cn-°-W-
sa-∂p-≈-Xn\v AXv sXfn-h√. ]e \_n-am-sc-°p-dn®pw kq: ipA-dm-C¬
ÚeCG ∫ƒ°SQ (hn-iz-kvX-\mb Hcp ZqX≥) F∂v A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
ImWmw. CXn-\p-]p-d-sa, AtX kqd-Øn¬ Pn_vcoen-s\-°p-dn®v Xs∂
ÚeC’G ìhôdG (hn-iz-kvX-\mb Bflm-hv) F∂v ∫G tN¿Øv {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-ap-≠v.
(A-d-_n-hym-I-c-W-Øn¬ Aev]-sa-¶nepw ]cn-Nbw t\Sn-b-h¿s°√mw thKw
a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xs{X Cu hyXym-kw.) Nne kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ßsf a\-
n¬ sh®p-sIm≠v Ah-bpsS kwc-£-W-Øn\pw \oXn-I-c-W-Øn\pw th≠n-
\-S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Zp¿hym-Jym\w F∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v CXn-sem∂pw bmsXmcp
Ig-ºp-an-√.
π° ØdGh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh º«≤à°ùŸG •Gô°U ¤EG ¬∏dG ÉfG~g

5292
`mKw 30 QÉ£ØfE’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 82 C≥^n-Xzm¿
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
QÉ£ØfE’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
82. kqdØp¬ C≥^n-Xzm¿

a°xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 19
Øn¬.
1! BImiw s]mń- ∏ n- f - c p-
tºmƒ!˛
2!(\-£-{X) {Kl-ßƒ sImgn-
™p-ho-gp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ!˛
3!kap-{Z-ßƒ s]mń Hgp-°-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ!˛
4!"Iz_vdp-'Iƒ (A-Sn-tbm-sS)
adn®nS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ!˛
5! (A-t∏mƒ) Hmtcm Bfpw

Xm≥ ap≥sN-bvXp-sh-®-Xpw, (sN-
øm-sX) ]nt∂°v sh®Xpw F¥m-
sW∂v Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.
1! BImiw BIp-tºmƒ AXv s]mń-∏n-f-cp-tºmƒ !2!

\£-{X-ßƒ ({K-l-ßƒ) BIp-tºmƒ Ah sImgn™p
(Nn-X-dn)-ho-gp(-tºmƒ) !3! kap-{Z-ß-fm-Ip-tºmƒ Ah s]mń
Hgp-°-s∏-Sp(-tºmƒ) !4! Iz_vdp (iva-im-\w)-Iƒ BIp-tºmƒ
5293
Ah adn-®nS (C-f-°n-a-dn-°)s∏Sptºmƒ !5! Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv
Hmtcm tZl-hpw,-B-flm-°-fpw,-B-fpw -A-Xv ap-¥n®Xv(-ap≥ sNbvX#p
sh®-Xv) AXv ]n¥n-°p-I(-]n-t∂m°w sh°pI)bpw
Ign-™-kq-d-Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se, Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fnse Nne kw`h-hn-Im-
k-ßƒ Xs∂-bmWv Chn-sSbpw ImWp-∂-Xv. BZysØ aq∂v hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw
kmcw AhnsS hnh-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. 4 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Iz_vdp-Iƒ
ASn-tbmsS adn-°-s∏Spw F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw ac-W-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂-hsc
Iz_vdp-I-fn¬\n∂v c≠m-aXv Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂m-Ip-∂p. Ign™
kqd-Ønse 14 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse AtX Bibw Xs∂-bmWv 5 ˛mw hN-\-Ønepw
AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cl-Øn¬sh®v sNbvXn-´p≈ I¿a-ß-fmWv âe~b Ée (ap≥sN-
bvXp-sh-®-Xv) F∂-Xp-sIm-≠v hnh-£. äôNCG Ée (]n-t∂m´v sh®-Xv) F∂v ]d-™Xv
{]h¿Øn-°msX hn´p-I-f™ Imcy-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p. AYhm Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Xm≥
sNbvXpw sNbvXp-Xo¿°msX hn´p-I-f-™-Xp-amb F√m I¿a-ßfpw A∂v
Adn-bp-sa∂v kmcw. ac-W-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hnt´-®p-t]m-Ip∂ kzØp-°ƒ, ac-W-
tijw XpS¿∂v \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ \√tXm NoØtbm Bb G¿∏m-Sp-
Iƒ F∂n-ß-s\-bp-≈-h-bmWv äôNCG Ée(]n-t∂°v sh®-Xv)-sIm≠v hnh£
F∂pw Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ A`n-{]m-bs - ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. GXm-bmepw XXz-Øn¬
F√mw H∂p-X-s∂. ºgQÉKBG h Gƒe~b Ée Öàµfh (A-h¿ ap≥sN-bvXp-sh-®Xpw Ah-cpsS
Ah-in-jvS-ß-fpw˛ AYhm {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ß-fpw˛ \mw FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øpw) F∂v kq: bmko-\n¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠-t√m.
!6! tl, a\p-jym, DZm-c-\mb
(A-Yhm am\y-\m-b) \ns‚ d∫n-
s\-°p-dn®v \ns∂-h-©n®v If-™-
sX-¥mWv? (B-›-cyw)
7! (A-sX) \ns∂ krjvSn-®p-

≠m°n icn-s∏-SpØn ]mI-s∏-Sp-
Øn-b-h≥;˛
8! Ah≥ Dt±- i n- ® - X mb
GtXm Hcp cq]- Ø n¬ \ns∂
Ah≥ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p-≠m-°n-bn-cn-
°p-∂p.
6! tl a\pjym \ns∂ h©n-®-sX-¥mWv \ns‚

d∫n-s\-°p-dn®v am\y-\m-b, DZm-c-\m-b, BZ-c-W-\o-b-\mb !7!
5294
bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah≥ \ns∂ krjvSn®p F∂n´v \ns∂ icn-s∏-
SpØn F∂n´v \ns∂ ]mI-s∏-Sp-Øn, H∏n®p (i-cn-bm-°n) !8!
GtXm Hcp cq]-Øn¬ Ah≥ Dt±-in® \ns∂ Ah≥ kwL-Sn-
∏n-®p, Iqń-t®¿Øp
a\p-jym, \o \ns∂-∏‰n H∂v Nn¥n-®p-t\m°q! A√mlp \ns∂ Hcp

C{µn-b-Øp-≈n-bn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®p-≠m°n; \n\-°m-h-iy-amb Ah-b-h-ßfpw
AwK-ßf - p-sa√mw \¬In icn-s∏-SpØn; Hmtcm∂pw AX-Xns‚ tXmXpw tbmPn-
∏p-a-\pk-cn®v bYm-{Iaw ]mI-s∏-SpØn; \otbm a‰m-sc-¶n-eptam Dt±-in-®n-ń-
√m-Ø˛ AsX, Ah≥ am{Xw Dt±-in-®˛ Hcp cq]-Øn¬ \n\°v Ah≥ cq]w
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cßs\ \n\°v krjvSnbpw cq]hpw \¬In \ns∂
kwc-£n-®p-h-cp∂ AXyp-Zm-c\pw AXn am\y-\p-amb \ns‚ d∫ns‚ A\p-{K-
l-ßƒ°v \µn-Im-Wn-°m-sX-bpw, Ahs‚ im]-tIm-]-ß-sf-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-
Sm-sXbpw \o Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv hfsc B›-cyw-Xs∂! Ahs‚ Imcy-Øn¬
\o C{Xbpw h©n-X-\m-bn-t∏m-bt√m! Fs¥m-c-¤p-X-amWv?! F∂n-ßs\
A√mlp Ahn-izm-kn-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.
shfpØ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°v Idp-Ø k¥m\w P\n-°p∂p; AwK`w-

K-ap-≈-h-cn¬\n∂v AwK-ßƒ°v bmsXmcp `wK-hp-an-√mØ Ipń-Iƒ D≠m-
Ip∂p; Nne¿°v amXm-hn-s‚tbm ]nXm-hn-s‚tbm at‰m apJ-—mb ImW-s∏-Sp-
∂p. a‰v Nne¿°m-Is´ Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fn¬\n-s∂√mw hyXy-kvX-
amb cq]-am-bn-cn°pw; tP„∂v BÏp-ń-Iƒ am{Xw P\n-°p-tºmƒ A\p-
P\v s]ä-°ƒ am{Xw D≠m-Ip∂p: Nne-cpsS cq]w kpµ-chpw BI¿j-I-
hp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-¶n¬ a‰v Nne-cp-tSXv hnIr-Xhpw hncq-]-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
Aßs\ ]eXpw ]e-Xpw. CXn-se√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-Øn-\-√m-sX,
a‰m-cp-sSbpw Dt±-iyØn\v ]¶n-s√∂v hy‡-am-W-t√m.
! 9! Aß-s\-th≠!
]t£, \nßƒ {]Xn- ^ - e - \ - S - ] -
Snsb hymP-am-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
∂p.
10! \n›-b-am-bpw, \nß-fp-sS-
ta¬ kq£n®p (ho- £ n- ® p)
sIm≠n- c n- ° p∂ Nne- c p- ≠ v
Xm\pw;˛
11! AXm-b-Xv, FgpXn tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Nne am\y-∑m¿.
5295
!12! \nßƒ sNøp-∂Xv (F-
√mw) Ah¿ Adn-bp-∂p.
9! Aß-s\-th-≠m, AX√ ]t£, F¶nepw \nßƒ hymP-

am-°p∂p {]Xn-ê \S-]-Sn-sb, aXsØ !10! \n›-b-ambpw
\nß-fpsS taep-≠v -Xm\pw kq£n®p (Im-Øp˛ ho£n-®p) hcp-∂-h¿
!11! AXm-bXv Nne am\y≥am¿ Fgp-Xp-∂-h-cm-b, Fgp-Øp-Im-
cmb !12! Ah¿ Adn-bp∂p \nßƒ sNøp-∂Xv
\nß-fpsS {kjvSmhpw c£n-Xm-hp-amb A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v \nßƒ h©n-

X-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv . A{Xbpa-√, \nß-fpsS sNbvXn-I-sf-∏‰n \nßsf hnNm-
cW sNbvXv \S-]Sn FSp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-t∏mepw \nßƒ hymP-am°n \ntj-[n-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \nß-tfm¿°-Ww, \nßƒ sNøp-∂-sX√mw kkq£vaw
ho£n-®p-sIm≠v Ah apgp-h\pw FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ A√mlp am\y-
cmb Nne Bfp-I-sf˛ ae-°p-Isf \n›-bn-®n-´p-s≠-∂pw, \nßƒ sNøp-∂-
sX¥pw Ah¿ Adn-bmsX t]mIp-∂-X-s√-∂pw. B tcJ-b-\p-k-cn®v \nß-
fpsS ta¬ icn°pw \S-]Sn FSpØv {]Xn-êw \¬ImsX \nßsf hnt´-
°p-∂-X√ F∂v kmcw. Fgp-Øp-Im-cmb ae-°p-I-sf-°p-dn®v kq: Izm^v 16 ˛
18 ¬ {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. {]Xn-^-e-\-S-]Sn FSp-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂
A¥y-Xo-cp-am\w Npcp-°-Øn¬ C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn°pw:˛
!13! \n›- b - a m- b pw, ]pWy-

hm≥am¿ kpJm- \ p- { K- l - Ø n¬
Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
14! (Zp¿am¿Kn-If - m-b) tXm∂n-

b- h m- k n- I ƒ Pzen- ° p∂ A·n-
bnepw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
15! {]Xn- ^ - e - \ - S - ] - S nbpsS

Znhkw Ah¿ AXn¬ IS∂v Icn-
bp-∂-Xm-Wv.
16! Ah¿ AXv hn´v ad™v

[Hgn-hmbn] t]mIp-∂-h-cp-a-√.
5296
!17! {]Xn-ê - \S]-Sn-bp-sS Znh-
k- s a- ∂ m- s e- ¥ m- s W∂v \n\°v
F¥-dnbmw?!
18! ]ns∂bpw [ho≠pw],
{]Xn-ê
- \ - S- ]
- S- n-bpsS Znh-ks
- a-∂m-
se- ¥ m- s W∂v \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw?!!
19! (A-sX) Hcmfpw (th-

sd) Hcmƒ°v bmsXm∂pw A[o-\-
am-°mØ (A-Yhm sNøm≥ Ign-
bm-Ø) Znhkw!
A∂sØ Znhkw Imcyw

(A-Yhm I¬]-\m-[n-Im-cw) A√m-
lp-hn-\p-am-bn-cn-°pw.
13! \n›-b-ambpw ]pWy-hm≥am¿, k÷-\-ßƒ kpJm-

\p-{K-l-Øn¬X-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw !14! tXm∂n-b-hm-kn-I-fm-I-s´,
Zp¿P-\-ßƒ Pzen-°p∂ A·n-bn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw !15! Ah-c-
Xn¬ IS-°pw, Icn-bpw, NqtS¬°pw {]Xn-^-e-\-S-]-Sn-bpsS Znhkw
!16! Ah-c-√-Xm\pw AXp-hn-´v, AXn¬\n∂v ad™v (H-gn-
™p) t]mIp-∂-h¿ !17! \n\°v Adnhv X∂-sX¥v (F-¥-dn-bmw)
{]Xn-^-e-\-S-]-Sn-bpsS Znh-k-sa-¥m-sW∂v !18! ]ns∂bpw (ho-
≠pw) \n\°v Adn-hp-X-∂-sX¥v {]Xn-ê \S-]-Sn-bpsS
Zn\w F∂m-se-s¥∂v !19! A[o-\-am-°mØ (D-S-a-bm-°m-Ø˛
km[y-am-Im-Ø) Znhkw Hcmfpw (B-flm-hpw˛ tZl-hpw) Hcmƒ°v
bmsXm-∂pw, Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw Imcyw, I¬]-\, A[n-Imcw
B Znhkw A√m-lp-hn-∂m-bn-cn°pw
{]kvXpX Zn\-Øns‚ Kuc-h-Øn-te°pw `b-¶-c-X-bn-te°pw {i≤

£Wn-°p-I-bmWv 17 Dw 18 Dw hN-\-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xv. F√m Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw
\nb-{¥-W-hpw, I¬]-\m-[n-Im-chpw F°m-eØpw A√m-lp-hn\v Xs∂.
5297
F¶nepw sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬sh®v a\p-jy\v Ipsd-sb√mw C—m-kzm-X-{¥y-
hpw, Ignhpw A√mlp \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. A∂sØ Znh-k-Øn¬ AsX√mw a\p-
jy\v \nt»jw \jvSs- ∏-ń-cn-°pw. kz¥w Imcy-Øn-em-Is
- ´, as‰m-cm-fpsS Imcy-
Øn-em-Is´ Fs¥-¶nepw {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Hcmƒ°pw km[y-a√ - . F√m Imcy-
hpw, F√m A[n-Im-c-hpw, F√m I¬]-\bpw A∂v A√m-lp-hn\v am{X-am-bn-
cn-°pw. AXn¬ B¿°pw bmsXm-cp-hn[ ]¶pw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. A∂sØ
Znhkw ]pWy-hm≥am-cmb k÷-\-ßfpsS Iq´Øn¬ A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw
Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
5298
`mKw 30 ÚØØ£ŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 83 apXz-^v^nô≥
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ÚØØ£ŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
83.kqd-Xp¬ apXz^v^nô≥
hN-\-ßƒ 36
Cu A≤ymbw a°x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-tXm, aZo-\x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®tXm F∂ hnj-

b-Øn¬ `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. a°o kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ Ah-km-\-sØ-Xm-sW∂pw aZ\o
kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ BZy-sØ-Xm-sW∂pw a‰pw thsdbpw A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≠v. C_v\p
A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn C{]-Imcw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. "\_n ˜ aZo-\x-bn¬
sN∂-t∏mƒ Ahn-sS-bp-≈-h¿ Af-Ø-Øn¬ G‰hpw A[nIw tamiw hcp-Øp-∂-h-
cm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ A√mlp kqd-Øp¬ apXz^v^nô≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. At∏mƒ
Ah¿ AfØw \∂m°n.' (\; P; _.) Cu lZo-Yn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv \_n ˜
aZo-\xbn¬sN∂ DS-s\-bmWv CXv Ah-X-cn-®-sX-∂m-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw.
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! (A-f-hn¬) Ipd-°p-∂-h¿°v

alm-\miw!˛
! 2! AXm- b - X v, bmsXmcp
Iq´¿°v: Ah¿ P\-ß-tfmSv Af∂v
hmßp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah¿ (A-f-hv)
]q¿Øn-bm°n FSp°pw;
!3! Ah¿°v (A-tßm-´v) Af-∂p-
sIm-Sp-°p-I-tbm, As√-¶n¬ Xq°n-
s°m-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬
Ah¿ (P-\ß - ƒ°v) \jvSw hcp-Øp-
Ibpw sNøpw.
!4! A°q-´¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂nt√,
5299
Xßƒ (a- c - W m- \ - ¥ - c w) Fgp-
t∂¬]n-°s∏Sp∂-h-cmsW∂v?˛
!5! hºn® Hcp Znh-k-Øn-¶-
te°v!
!6! (A-sX) temI-c-£n-Xm-hn-¶-
te°v P\-ßƒ Fgp-t∂‰p hcp∂
Znh-kw.
!1! IjvSw, alm-\miw (A-f-hv) Ipd-°p∂ (I-_-fn-s®-Sp-°p-∂)-
h¿°mWv !2! bmsXmcp Iq´¿ Ah¿ Af-∂p-hm-ßn-bm¬
P\-ß-tfm-Sv, a\p-jy-tcmSv Ah¿ \nd-th‰n (]q¿Øn-bm-°n) FSp°pw !3!
Ah¿ Ah¿°v Af∂v sImSp-Øm¬ As√-¶n-e-h¿°v Xq°n-
s°m-Sp-Øm¬ Ah¿ \jvSw hcpØpw !4! hnNmcn ([-cn)-°p-∂nt√
A°q-´¿ Ah¿ Fgp-t∂¬]n-°s

- ∏-Sp-∂h - m-sW∂v !5!
- c
Hcp hºn® Znh-k-tØ°v, Znh-k-Øn¬ !6! Fgp-t∂‰v hcp∂ Znhkw
a\p-jy¿ temI-cpsS d∫n-¶-te-°v, temI-c-£n-Xm-hn-¶-te°v
PmXn-aX - t- `-Za
- s\y F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ Hcp hn[n-bmWv Af-ØØ - nepw Xq°-
Ønepw A\ysc I_-fn-∏n-°p-∂X - v sX‰m-sW-∂v. ]t£, AtX-ka - b
- Øv Cu A{Iaw
P\-as≤y k¿∆{X \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Nne Bfp-Iƒ Ctßm´v
hmßp-∂-Xn-\pw, Atßm´v sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw sht∆sd Af-hp-Xm-∏p-I-fpw, Xq°-
°-ń-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn-°epw ]Xn-hm-Wv. Cu kz`m-hsØ A√mlp F{X-am{Xw Kuc-
htØmsSbmWv ho£n-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. H∂m-a-Xm-bn, Ah¿°v hºn® \mi-
am-Wp-≈-sX∂v Xm°oXv sNbvXp. ]n∂o-Sv, Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fn¬ Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚
apºn¬ ssIsI-ń-\n∂v AXn-\p-Øcw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-sa∂pw i‡n-bmb `mj-bn¬
Xm°oXv sNbvXp. CØcw tXm∂n-b-hm-k-ßfpw A{I-a-ßfpw sNøp-∂-h¿°p-≠m-
Ip∂ in£m-\p-`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hn¬ hnizm-k-ap≈ Hcp hy‡n-bn¬\n∂v Hcn-°epw
D≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√mØ Hcp alm-]m-XI - a- m-Wn-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠X
- n-√. F∂m¬, at‰Xv
kap-Zm-b-sØ-°mfpw Cu ]m]-Ir-Xy-Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-bn-cn-t°-≠p∂ apkvenwI-
fpsS C∂sØ \ne hfsc ]cn-Xm-]I - c
- a- m-Ip-∂p. ]ecpw AsXmcp I®-hS- k
- m-a¿∞y-
am-bn-´p-t]mepw IcpXn hcp∂p! Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿˛ Ah¿ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kXy-hn-
izm-kn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬˛ Cu (4 ˛ 6 hN-\-ß-fn-se) Kuc-h-s∏´ tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ adp-
]Sn F¥v ]d-bp-sa∂v kzbw Btem-Nn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Af-ØØnepw Xq°-Ønepw I_-fn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n ChnsS am{X-a-√, H∂n-e-
[nIw ÿe-ß-fn¬ thsdbpw A√mlp I¿i-\-ambn \ntcm-[n-®n-´p-≈Xv ImWmw.
5300
kqd: dlvam≥ 7 ˛9; ipA-dm-Dv 181 ˛183; A≥Bw 152; Ckvdm-Dv 35 apX-em-bh t\m°p-
I. ipAbv_v \_n (A) At±-l-Øns‚ P\-ß-tfmSv {]t_m-[\w sNbvX Hcp
{][m-\-hn-jbw Xs∂ AXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v kqd: ipA-dm-Cse hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWm-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXv A\p-k-cn-°m-Xn-cp∂ B P\X A\p-`-hn® in£bpw {]kn-≤-am-
Wv. Af-Ø-Ønepw Xq°-Ønepw acymZ ]men-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v kqd-
Øp¬ Ckvdm-Cse Bb-Øn¬, AXv hfsc KpW-I-c-am-b-Xpw, IqSp-X¬ \√ ]cn-
Wmaw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-amWv ( ) F∂v A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. Cu IrXyw ]men-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ D≠m-tb-°mhp∂ sFln-I-amb sISp-
Xn-sb-∏‰n Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n ˜ Xm°oXv sNøp-∂Xpw hfsc {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p.
lZoYv CXmWv:˛
"A©v Imcy-ßƒ°v]-Icw A©p-Imcyw' F∂v \_n ˜ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.
At∏mƒ Btcm tNmZn®p: "F¥mWv A©v Imcy-Øn\v A©p-Imcyw F∂v ]d-
™Xv?' Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "GsXmcp P\-Xbpw hmKvZØw ewLn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬
A√mlp Ah-cn¬ Ah-cpsS i{Xp-hn\v A[n-Imcw \¬Im-Xn-cn-°-bn√; A√mlp
Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®X
- √
- msX \nb-a{- ]-Imcw Ah¿ hn[n \S-Øp-∂X
- m-bm¬ Ah-cn¬ Zmcn{Zyw
]c-°m-Xn-cn-°-bp-an√; Ah-cn¬ \oN-hrØn ]c-ky-am-bn-Øo¿∂m¬ Ah-cn¬ acWw
]c-°m-Xn-cn-°-bn√; Ah¿ Afhv Ipd-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah¿°v D¬∏m-Z\w (hn-f-hv)
XS-b-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, £maw ]nSn-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°-bn√; Ah¿ k°mØv apS-
°p-∂-]£w Ah¿°v ag XS w sNø-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√.' (lm; Xz.) A¬]w Xpd∂
a\-t msS Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p∂ Gh¿°pw Cu \_n hN-\-Øns‚ ]pe¿® I≠-dn-
bp-hm≥ {]bm-k-an-√-X-s∂.
! 7! th≠! \n›- b - a mbpw

tXm∂n- b - h m- k n- I - f psS {KŸw
"kn÷o\n'¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
!8! "kn÷o≥' F∂m- s e- ¥ m-

sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dn-hm-Wp-≈Xv?!
! 9! enJnXw sNø- s ∏´ Hcp
{KŸ-as{X (A-Xv).
!7! th≠, Aß-s\-b√ \n›-b-ambpw {KŸw tXm∂n-b-hm-

kn-I-fpsS (Zp¿P-\-ß-fp-sS) kn÷o-\n¬Xs∂ !8! \n\°v Adn-
bn-®-sX-¥mWv (F-¥-dn-hm-Wp-≈-Xv) kn÷o≥ Fs¥∂v !9! Hcp
{KŸ-amWv enJnXw sNø-s∏-´, Fgp-X-s∏´
"kn÷o≥' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v F¥m-sW∂v kq£va-ambn ]d-bp-hm≥ \ap°v Adn-

™p-Iq-Sm. Zp¿am¿Kn-I-fpsS I¿a-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb GSp-I-sf√mw Dƒs°m-≈p∂
5301
Hcp tI{µ-am-sW-∂pw, \cIw Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw a‰pw ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-
hn-\-dn-bmw. AXv F¥m-sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dn-hm-Wp-≈Xv F∂ tNmZyw AXns‚
`b-¶-c-Xbpw Kuc-hhpw Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bm-Wv. 9 ˛mw hN\w "kn÷o\n's‚ Hcp \n¿∆-
N-\a- m-bn-´√
- . B {KŸ-Øns‚ Hcp hnh-cW
- a
- m-bn-´m-Wp-≈X
- v. F√mw enJnXw sNbvXp
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-´p≈ H∂mWXvv F∂v kmcw.
! 10! hymP- a m- ° p- ∂ - h ¿°v

A∂sØ Znhkw alm-\miw!
!11! AXm-b-Xv, {]Xn-^-e-\-S-]-
Sn-bpsS Znh-ksØ hymP-am-°p-∂-
h¿°v
!12! alm-]m-]n-bmb F√m AXn-
cp-hn-´-h-\p-a-√msX AXns\ hymP-
am-°p-I-bn-√-Xm-\pw.
!13! Ah\v \ΩpsS "BbØv'

[e£yw]-Iƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°s- ∏-Sp-
∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah≥ ]dbpw: "]q¿∆n-
I≥am-cpsS sFXn-ly-ß-fmWv (C-
sXm-s°)' F∂v.
!10! A∂v alm-\miw hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°mWv !11!
AXm-bXv hymP-am-°p-∂-h¿°v {]Xn-ê \S-]-Sn-bpsS Znh-
ksØ !12! AXns\ hymP-am-°-bn-√-Xm\pw F√m AXn-
cp-hn-´-h\p (A-Xn-{I-an-bp)-a-√msX (a-lm) ]m]n-bmb !13! Ah\v
HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bm¬ \ΩpsS Bb-Øp-Iƒ Ah≥ ]dbpw
sFXn-lyw˛ ]pcmWw (]-g-¶-Y)-I-fmWv ]q¿∆≥am-cp-sS, BZy-Ø-h-
cpsS
F√m Ime-Øpw˛ Cu ImeØv IqSp-X-epw˛ A\p-`-h-Øn¬ I≠p-h-cp∂ Hcp
k{º-Zm-b-am-Wn-Xv. A√mlp \n›-bn® \nb-am-Xn¿Øn-I-fpw, [m¿anI \nb-a-ßfpw
AXn-ew-Ln-®p-sIm≠v ]m]-I-chpw Ip‰-I-c-hp-amb Zp¿hr-Øn-I-fn¬ apgp-In-b-h¿ thZ-
hm-Iy-ßfpw aX-e-£y-ßfpw tIƒ°p-tºmƒ, "AXv ]g-©-\m-Wv, sFXn-ly-am-Wv,
]n¥n-cn-∏-\mWv' F∂n-XymZn hm°p-Iƒ ]d™p ]cn-l-kn®p Xr]vXn AS-bp-I.
CXn-\p≈ ImcWw ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em°mw:˛
5302
! 14! Aß- s \- b √; ]t£,
Ah¿ ({]- h ¿Øn- ® p) kºm- Z n®p
sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-
ß-fn¬ Id-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
! 15! th≠! \n›- b - a m- b pw,

A∂sØ Znhkw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS
d∫n¬\n∂pw ad- b n- S - s ∏- S p- ∂ - h - c -
s{X.
! 16! ]ns∂, \n›- b - a m- b pw,
Ah¿ Pzen- ° p∂ A·n- b n¬
IS∂p Icn-bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂.
!17! ]ns∂, (A-h-tcm-Sv) ]d-b-
s∏Spw: "CX-s{X, \nßƒ hymP-am-
°n-s°m-≠n-cp--∂-Xv.'
!14! Aß-s\-b-√, th≠ ]t£ (F-¶n-epw) Id-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p∂p

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂Xv kºm-Zn-°pw,
{]h¿Øn-®p-≠m°pw !15! th≠, AX√ \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿
Xß-fpsS d∫n¬\n∂v A∂sØ Znhkw adbn-S(-a-d-°)-s∏-´-
h¿Xs∂ !16! ]ns∂ \n›-b-am-bpw Ah¿ IS-°p∂ (I-cn-bp-∂)-h¿
Xs∂ Pzen-°p∂ A·n-bn¬ !17! ]ns∂ ]d-b-s∏Spw CX-
s{X, bmsXm∂v AXns\ \nß-fm-bn-cp∂p hymP-am°pw
A_q-lp-dbvdx (d)-bn¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ C{]-Imcw h∂n-

cn-°p∂p: "Hcp ASn-bm≥ Hcp ]m]w sNbvXm¬ AXv Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hcp
IdpØ ]p≈n-bm-bn-Øo-cpw. AXn¬\n∂v Ah≥ ]›m-Ø-]n-®p aS-ßn-bm¬ AXv
Ahs‚ lrZbw XpS®v \∂m-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. ]m]w h¿≤n-®m¬ AXpw (I-dp-
∏pw) h¿≤n-°pw. AXmWv A√mlp Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂s - X∂v ]d-™pw-sIm≠v
\_n ˜ ]Xn-\memw hN\w HmXp-I-bp-≠mbn' (P; Xn; \.) ]m]-ßƒ h¿≤n°pw
tXmdpw lrZbw Id-]n-Sn-°p-I-bpw. Aßs\ AXn-te°v \√-sXm∂pw {]th-in-°m-
Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p, ]›m-Øm-]-amWv Cu Id \o°p-hm-\p≈ GI Huj[w
F∂s{X lZo-Yns‚ kmcw.
A∂v Zp¿P-\-ßƒ Xß-fpsS d∫n¬\n∂pw `b-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v 15 ˛mw
hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®p-h-t√m. CXn¬\n∂v k÷-\-ßƒ°v A√m-lp-hns\ Z¿in-
°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Zp¿P-\-ß-tfmSv A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ shdp∏pw
tIm]-hp-amWv B alm-`mKyw Ah¿°v kn≤n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Imc-Ww. k÷-\-
5303
ßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Z¿in-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kqx Iznbmax 22 Dw, 23 Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬
hmbn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ k÷-\-ß-fpsS {KŸ-sØ-°p-dn®v
{]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:˛
! 18! th≠! \n›- b - a mbpw

]pWy- h m≥am- c psS {KŸw "C√n-
øo\n'¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
!19! "C√n-øq≥' F∂m¬ F¥m-

sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dn-hm-Wp-≈Xv?!
!20! enJnXw sNø-s∏´ Hcp

{KŸ-as{X (A-Xv).
!21! AXns‚ ASp-°¬ (A-√m-
lp-hn-¶¬) kmao]yw kn≤n-®-h¿
k∂n-ln-X-cm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
!18! th≠m \n›-ba
- mbpw {KŸw ]pWy-hm≥am-cpsS, k÷-
\-ß-fpsS C√n-øo-\n¬Xs∂ !19! \n\°v F¥-dn-hm-Wp-≈Xv
"C√n-øq≥' Fs¥∂v !20! Hcp {KŸ-amWv enJnXw (sN-ø)-
s∏´ !21! AXn-¶¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-Ipw, lmP-cm-Ip-∂p, AXns\ ImWp∂p
kmao]yw \¬I-s∏´h¿
"kn÷os\'°pdn®v apºp-]d- ™
- X
- p-t]m-se-Øs∂"C√n-øos\'°pdn®pw kq£va-
ambn \ap-s°m∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-S. kz¿K-am-sW-∂pw, hfsc D∂-Xhpw t{ijvT-hp-
amb Hcp {]tXy-I-ÿm-\-am-sW∂pw a‰pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXns‚ ASp-°¬ A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ kmao]yw kn≤n-®-h¿˛ AYhm ÿm\n-I-fmb ae-°p-Iƒ˛ k∂n-ln-X-
cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-™Xv k÷-\-ß-f-DsS {KŸ-ßƒ°v A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep≈ BZ-
c-Wo-b-ÿm-\-amWv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv.
! 22! \n›- b - a mbpw ]pWy-

hm≥am¿ kpJm-\p-{K-l-ß-fn¬X-
s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
!23! tkm^ Aew-Ir-X-I-ń-ep-I-
fn-embn Ah¿ t\m°n-°-≠p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°pw.
5304
! 24! Ah- c psS apJ- ß - f n¬
kpJm- \ p- { K- l - Ø ns‚ HmP v
\n\°v (I-≠v) Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!25! ap{Z-sh-°-s∏´ ip≤-amb

I≈n¬\n∂v Ah¿°v IpSn-∏m≥
\¬I-s∏-Spw.
!26! AXns‚ ap{ZWw IkvXq-
cn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. InS-a¬kcw \S-Øp-
∂- h ¿ AXn¬ InS- a ¬kcw \S-
Øs´!
!27! AXns‚ tNcph "Xkv\ow'

sIm≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
!28! F∂p-sh-®m¬ (A-√m-lp-hn-
¶¬) kmao]yw kn≤n-®-h¿ IpSn
(®m-kz-Zn)-°p∂ Hcp Ddhp Pew!
!22! \n›-b-ambpw ]pWy-hm≥am¿ kpJm-\p-{K-l-Øn¬ Xs∂-

bm-bn-cn°pw !23! Aew-Ir-X-I-ńep (tkm-^)-I-fn-embn Ah¿
t\m°pw !24! \o Adn-bpw, \n\°v a\- n-emIpw Ah-cpsS apJ-
ß-fn¬ tim` ({]-k-∂-X), Ag-Iv, HmPkv kpJm-\p-{K-l-Øns‚ !25!
Ah¿°v IpSn-∏n-°-s∏Spw X\n (ip-≤) ]m\o-b-Øn¬ (I-≈n¬)
\n∂v ap{Z-sh-°-s∏´ !26! AXns‚ ap{ZWw IkvXq-cn-bm-bn-
cn°pw AXn¬ InS-a¬kcw (A-kq-b) \S-Øn-s°m-≈s´
- ¿ !27!
InS-a¬kcw \S-Øp-∂h AXns‚ Ie¿∏v (tN-cp-h) Xkv\ow
sIm≠m-bn-cn°pw !28! Hcp Dd-hp-Pew AXv IpSn°pw
kmao]yw kn≤n-®-h¿
Db¿∂-Xcw ]m\o-b-ßƒ Ip∏n-I-fntem at‰m B°n-b-tijw h√Xpw ]pd-Øp-
t]m-Ip-I-tbm, D≈n¬ {]th-in-°p-Itbm sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n AXv Ac-°n´v
ap{Z-sh®v `{Z-am-°m-dp-≠-t√m. AXp-t]mse kz¿KØn¬sh®v Ah¿°v \¬I-s∏-
Sp∂ ]m\o-b-ßfpw ap{Z-sh-°-s∏-ń-cn-°pw. ]t£, kz¿K-Ønse IkvXq-cn-sIm-≠m-
bn-cn°pw Ah ap{ZWw sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B ]m\o-b-Øn¬ "Xkv\oam'Ip∂
tNcph Ie¿Ø-s∏-´p-an-cn-°pw. A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ {]tXyI kmao-]y-ÿm\w kn≤n-®-
h¿°v IpSn®v Bkz-Zn-°p-hm\p≈ Hcp Db¿∂-Xcw Dd-hp-P-e-as{X Xkv\ow. ta¬
5305
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ AXyp-∂X kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßtfmSv IqSnb imizX
kz¿Ko-b-Po-hnXw e`n-°p-hm-\-t√, a\p-jy¿ InS-a¬k-c-hpw, A{im-¥-]-cn-{i-ahpw
\S-tØ-≠Xv?! AXn-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂h- ¿ AXn\v aptºm-´p-hc
- s
- ´. F∂n-ßs\ P\-ßsf
Bth-i-`-cn-X-cm-°p-∂-XmWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ.
! 29! \n›- b - a mbpw Ip‰w

{]h¿Øn-®-h¿ hniz-kn-®-h-sc-°p-
dn®v Nncn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-
∂p.
!30! Ah¿ Ah-cpsS AcnsI
\S- ∂ p- t ]m- I p- t ºmƒ Ah¿ ]c-
kv]cw IÆn´v (tKm-jvSn) ImWn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
!31! Xß-fpsS kz¥-°m-cpsS
ASp-°-te°v Xncn®p sN√p-tºmƒ
Ah¿ ckn®p (kw-Xr-]vX-cm-bn)-
s°m≠v Xncn- ® p- s N- √ p- I bpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
! 32! Ah¿ Ahsc ImWp-
tºmƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw; "\n›-
b- a mbpw C°q- ´ ¿ hgn- ] n- g - ® - h ¿
Xs∂' F∂v.
!33! Ah-cpsS [kXy-hn-izm-kn-
I- f psS]ta¬ (t\m´w sNøp- ∂ )
kq£n-∏p-Im-cmbn Ah¿ \ntbm-Kn-
°-s∏-ń-ń-√-Xm-\pw.
!29! \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm-cp-Iq-´¿ Ip‰w (sX-‰v) sNbvX
Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p hniz-kn-®-h-sc-°p-dn®v Nncn°pw !30!
Ah¿ \S-∂m¬ Ah-cn¬Iq-Sn, AcnsI Ah¿ IÆn´v (Bw-
Kyw˛ tKmjvSn) ImWn°pw !31! Ah¿ Xncn®p (a-Sß
- n) sN∂m¬
Ah-cpsS kz¥(-Iq-´)-°m-cn-te°v Ah¿ Xncn®p sN√pw ckn-°p-∂-h-
cm-bn´v !32! Ah¿ Ahsc I≠m¬ Ah¿ ]dbpw \n›-b-
ambpw C°q-´¿ hgn-]n-g-®-h¿Xs∂ !33! Ah¿ Ab° (\n-tbm-
Kn-°)-s∏-ń-´p-an√ Ah-cpsS ta¬ (t\m-´-Øn-\v) kq£n-∏p-Im-cm-bn,
5306
Im°p-∂-h-cm-bn´v
Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ImesØ apivcn°p-Iƒ apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-
cn¬ A\p-h¿Øn-®p-h-∂n-cp-∂-Xpw, Ckvemans‚ FXn-cm-fn-I-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-amb Nne kz`m-h-ß-fmWv ChnsS A√mlp FSpØp ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
apkvenwI-sf-°p-dn®v ]p—n®p Nncn-°p-I, IÆp-sIm≠pw a‰pw tKmjvSnbpw BwKyhpw
Imń ]cn-l-kn-°p-I, kz¥w Bƒ°m-cpsS ASp-°¬ sN√p-tºmƒ AXn¬ Zpc-`n-
am\w sIm≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I, ]ng-®-h-sc∂pw sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h-sc∂pw Ah-sc-∏‰n
hn[n-I¬]n®v kzbw Xr]vX-cm-IpI apX-embh. AapkvenwI-fn¬ am{X-a-√, D¬_p-
≤sc∂pw ]ptcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-I-sf∂pw B[p-\n-I-hm-Zn-I-sf-∂p-sams° kzbw A`n-am-
\n-®p-sIm≠v aX-aq-ey-ßs - fbpw CkvemanI kwkvIm-cß - s
- fbpw ]p—-am-°n-Ø≈
- p∂
apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-I-fnepw CØcw kz`mhw hnc-f-a-√. Aev]w Ckveman-I-t_m[hpw
aX-\n-jvT-bp-ap-≈-h-tcm-Sm-bn-cn°pw Ch-cpsS shdp∏pw ]cn-lm-khpw IqSp-X¬ {]I-
S-am-°pI
CsX√mw ImWp-tºmƒ, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Imcy-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm\pw
Ah-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v tae-t\z-jWw \S-Øp-hm\pw A√m-lp-hn-\m¬
\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv Ah-sc∂v tXm∂n-tb-°pw. AXn-s√∂v Xo¿®-X-s∂. B
ÿnXn°v ]ns∂ F¥n-\mWv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf KpW-tZm-jn-°p-hm\pw ]cn-l-kn-
°p-hm\pw Ah≥ an\-s°-Sp-∂Xv? Fs∂m-s°-bmWv 33 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS sshcn-I-fn¬\n∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-
Iƒ Cß-s\-bp≈ A\p-`-h-ßƒ ]eXpw kln-t°-≠n-h-t∂-°m-sa-¶nepw ]c-tem-
I-Øp-sh-®p≈ A\p-`hw adn-®m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p;˛
!34! F∂m¬ A∂v [Iznbm-a-

Øv \ m- f n¬] hniz- k n- ® n- ´ p- ≈ - h ¿
Ahn-izm-kn-Is - f-°p-dn®v Nncn-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv.
!35! tkm^ [Ae-¶r-X-I-ń-ep]-
I-fn-embn Ah¿ t\m°n-°≠
- p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°pw.
!36! Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah¿
sNbv X p- s Im- ≠ n- c p- ∂ - X n\v {]Xn-
êw \¬I-s∏-´pthm?!
!34! F∂m¬ A∂v hniz-kn-®-h¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-

sf-∏‰n Nncn-°p-∂-XmWv !35! Ae-¶r-X-I-ń-ep-I-fn-embn
Ah¿ t\m°pw !36! {]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏´pthm Ahn-
5307
izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂-Xn\v sNøpw
AsX, Ah¿°v e`n-°p∂ {]Xn-^-e-ßƒ ta¬hn-h-cn® {]Im-c-am-bn-cn-s°, B

{]Xn-êw e`n-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿ A¿ln-°p-∂Xpw Ah¿°v
A\p-tbm-Py-hp-amb {]Xn-êw Ah¿°v Inń-°-gn-™p-sh-∂-Xn¬ H´pw kwi-b-an-
√.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh QGôH’G Ú◊É°üdG OÉÑY øe ¬∏dG Éæ∏©L
5308
`mKw 30 ¥É≤°ûf’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 84 C≥inIzmIzv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¥É≤°ûf’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
84.kqd-Xp¬ C≥in-IzmIzv
a°-xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 25
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! BImiw ]nf-cp-tºmƒ!
!2! AXv AXns‚ d∫n\v sNhn
sImSp-°pI [I¬]-\°v Iosgm-Xp-
ßp-I]bpw (sN-øp-tºmƒ)! AXv (A-
Xn-\v) IS-a-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-Xm-\pw.
!3! `qan (]- c - Ø n) \o´- s ∏- S p-
Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ!
!4! AXn-ep-≈-Xns\ AXv (sh-
fn-°v) CSp-Ibpw, AXv Hgn-hm-bn-Øo-
cp-Ibpw (sN-øp-tºmƒ)!
!5! AXv AXns‚ d∫n\v sNhn-
sIm-Sp-°pI [I¬]-\°v Iosgm-Xp-
ßp-I]bpw (sN-øp-tºmƒ)! AXv (A-
Xn-\v) IS-a-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-Xm-\pw.
!1! BImiw BIp-tºmƒ (B-bm¬) AXv ]nf-cp-I, s]mń-
°o-dpI !2! AXv sNhn-sIm-Sp-°pI (Io-gvs∏-Sp-I˛ A\p-k-cn-°p-I)bpw
AXns‚ d∫n\v AXv IS-a-s∏Spw (A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-I)bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
!3! `qan BIp-tºmƒ (B-bm¬) AXv \o´(-]-cØn hnim-e-am-°)-
s∏-SpI !4! AXv CSp-Ibpw AXn-ep-≈Xv AXv Hgn-hm-IpI
5309
(Im-en-bm-Ip-I)bpw !5! AXv sNhn-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ d∫n\v
AXv IS-a-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p
AsX, CsX√mw kw`-hn-°p∂ B AXn-Ku-ch L´-Øn-emWv ]p\-cp-∞m-\-
hpw, XpS¿∂p≈ c£m-in£m \S-]Sn apX-em-b-hbpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv F∂v
Xm¬]cyw. BImiw s]mń- ∏ n- f - c p- I , `qan \nc- Ø n- ] - c - ∏ m- ° p- I , temIm- c w`w
apX¬°p≈ a\p-jy-c-S°w `qan Dƒs°m-≈p∂ hkvXp-°-sf-sb√mw shfn°v
sIm≠p-h-cpI apX-em-bh A∂sØ kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-fm-sW∂v CXn-\p-ap-ºp≈
kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. BIm-ihpw `qanbpw F{Xtbm
h≥kr-jvSn-I-fm-sW-¶nepw A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ hcp-tºmƒ Ah B I¬]-\°v
]q¿W-ambpw hnt[-b-am-Ip-∂p. I¬]\ Ah-bn¬ \S-∏m-Ip-hm≥ bmsXmcp XS- hpw
D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. D≠m-Ip-hm≥ Ah-Im-i-hp-an-√. F√mw Ahs‚ krjvSnbpw,
Ahs‚ Dt±-i-a-\p-k-cn®v am{Xw \ne-\n-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-W-t√m.
!6! tl, a\p-jym, \n›-ba - mbpw

\o, \ns‚ d∫n-¶t- e°v (Xo-{h-am-b)
A≤zm\w A≤zm-\n®p sIm≠n-cn-
°p-∂-XmWv; Aß-s\, (\o) Ah-
\p-ambn I≠p-ap-´p-∂-h-\m-Ip∂p;
!6! tl a\pjym \n›-b-ambpw \o A≤zm-\-s∏´p (_p-
≤n-ap-ń) s°m≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te°v Hcp A≤zm\w
Aßs\ Ahs\ I≠p-ap-´p-∂-h-\mWv
a\pjym, \ns‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-a-{Xbpw Hcp Xc-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp Xc-Øn¬
A≤zm-\n®pw t¢i-s∏´pw sImt≠ Ccn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. \≥a-bn-em-I-s´, Xn∑-bn-em-I-
s´, \n\-°Xv kl-P-am-Wv. Aßs\ \oßn-s°m-≠n-cns° \o ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw
\ns‚ d∫p-ambn I≠p-ap-t´-≠n-h-cn-Ibpw sNøpw. Ahs‚ apºn¬ \ns‚ Ign-™-
Im-e- sNbvXnIsf-°p-dn®v IW°v t_m[n-∏n-t°-≠nbpw hcpw. AXp-sIm≠v \ns‚
B A≤zm\w \n\-°vXs∂ KpW-I-c-ambn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-®p-sIm-≈pI
F∂v kmcw. Camw apkvenw (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ Hcp \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ C{]-
Imcw h∂n-cn-°p∂p: "Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw ImeØv ]pd-s∏-Sp∂p: F∂n´v Ah¿ kz¥w
tZlsØ hn‰p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Aß-s\, (H-∂p-In¬) AXns\ c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-
h- t \m, As√- ¶ n¬ AXns\ \mi- s ∏- S p- Ø p- ∂ - h t\m Bbn- c n°pw Ah≥;
(º∏°ùe - É¡≤Hƒe hG É¡≤à©ªa ¬°ùØf ™FÉÑa h~¨j ¢SÉædG πc)
!7! F∂m¬ At∏mƒ, GsXm-

cp-h\v Ahs‚ {KŸw Ahs‚ he-
¶-øn¬ sImSp-°-s∏´pthm,˛
!8! F∂m-e-h≥ hgnsb eLp-
5310
hmb Hcp hnNm-cW sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xm-Wv.
!9! Ah≥ Xs‚ kz¥-°m-cn-
te°v k¥p- j v S - \ m- b n- s °m≠v
Xncn®p t]mIp-Ibpw sNøpw.
!7! F∂m-e-t∏mƒ bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah\v \¬I-s∏´p Ahs‚
{KŸw Ahs‚ he-¶-øn¬ !8! F∂m¬ hgn-sb, ]ndsI
Ah≥ hnNm-cW sNø-s∏Spw Hcp hnNm-cW eLp-hm-b, Aev]-amb
!9! Ah≥ Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw Xs‚ kz¥-°mcn (Bƒ°m-
cn)-te°v k¥p-jvS-\mbn
d∫p-ambn I≠p-ap-´p-tºmƒ a\p-jy≥ H∂p-In¬ k÷-\-ß-fn¬s]-´-h-\m-bn-cn-
°pw, As√-¶n¬ Zp¿P-\-ß-fn¬s]-´-h-\pw. BZysØ hn`m-K-Øn¬s]-´-h-\m-sW-
¶n¬ Ah\v Xs‚ I¿a-tc-J-bm-Ip∂ {KŸw he-¶-øn¬ \¬I-s∏-Spw. he-Xp-`mKw
ip`-e-£-W-hpw, hnP-b-kq-N-\-bp-am-Ip-∂p. Ah\v \ma-am-{X-amb Hcp eLp-hn-Nm-
cW am{Xta t\cn-tS≠n hcn-I-bp-≈q. AXns‚ ]cy-h-km\w KpW-I-c-am-bn-cn-°bpw
sNøpw. Aßs\ AXv Ign-bp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚ Bƒ°m-cpsS ASp-°-te°v
hfsc kt¥m-j-tØmSpw BÀm-Z-tØmSpw IqSn aS-ßn-s®-√p-Ibpw sNøpw. "Ahs‚
kz¥-°m¿˛ AYhm Bƒ°m¿' ( ) F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ hnh-£, kZvhrØ-cmb
Ahs‚ Iq´p-Im¿, IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-tcm, kz¿K-Øn¬ Ah\v \n›-bn-
°-s∏-ń-´p≈ kz¥-°mtcm BIm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: \_n ˜
]d™p: "B¿s°-¶nepw hnNm-cW I¿i-\-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-]£w Ah≥ in£n-°-
s∏Spw'. At∏mƒ Rm≥ tNmZn®p: "he-Xp-I-øn¬ {KŸw \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ eLp-hmb
hnNm-cW sNø-s∏Spw ( ) F∂v A√mlp ]d-™n-ńt√?'
At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "AXv Hcp (Im-cy-am-b) hnNm-c-W-b√: Hcp {]Z¿i\w
(I¿a-tcJ Imń-s°m-Sp-°¬) am{X-am-Ip-∂p. Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ Bscm-cm-fpsS hnNm-
cW I¿i-\-ambn \S-Ø-s∏-´pthm Ah≥ in£°v hnt[-b-\m-Ip-∂-XmWv' (_p;
ap.)
! 10! GsXm- c p- h \v Ahs‚
{KŸw Ahs‚ apXp-Ins‚ ]n∂n-
eqsS sImSp-°-s∏-´pthm--˛
!11! Ah≥ hgnsb \misØ
hnfn (®p \ne-hn-fn)-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
!12! Bfn-°-Øp∂ A·n-bn¬

Ah≥ IS-s∂-cn-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.
5311
!10! F∂m¬ bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah\v \¬I-s∏´p Xs‚ {KŸw
]n∂n-eqsS Ahs‚ apXp-Ins‚ !11! F∂m¬ hgnsb Ah≥
hnfn°pw - mSv !12!
\miw, IjvS∏ Ah≥ IS-°p-I(-Fc
- n-bp-I)bpw sNøpw
IØn-Pz-en-°p-∂, A·n-bn¬, \c-I-Øn¬
Zp¿P\-ßf - mb Bfp-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS I¿a-tcJ Ah-cpsS ]n≥`m-KØ
- v\
- n∂v CSXv
Iøn-em-bn-cn°pw \¬I-s∏-SpI. CXv Aip-`-e-£-Whpw ]cm-Pb kqN-\bpw Xs∂.
Ah-cpsS hnNm-cW hfsc I¿i-\-hp-am-bn-cn°pw. {KŸw Iøn¬ In´p-tºm-tg°pw
Ah-cpsS Ip‰-ßfpw ]cy-hk- m-\hpw Ah¿°v hy‡-ambn sXfn-™p-Im-Wpw. Atøm!
IjvSta! F∂v \ne-hnfn Iq´p-Ibpw sNøpw. ]t£, ê-sa¥v?! \cIw Xs∂
Ah¿°m-[mcw! Zp¿÷-\-ß-fpsS GSv Ah-cpsS ]n∂n¬IqSn sImSp-°p-sa∂v Chn-
sS-bpw, CS-¶-øn¬ sImSp-°p-sa∂v 69 : 25 epw ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂v k÷-\-ß-fpsS
{KŸw Ah-cpsS apºn¬Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn°pw he-¶-øn¬ \¬Ip-∂-sX∂v a\- n-em-°m-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!13! (Im-c-Ww) Ah≥ Ahs‚

kz¥-°m¿°n-S-bn¬ k¥p-jvS-\m-
bn-cp-∂p.
!14! Ah≥ [cn-®p, Ah≥ (A-
√m-lp-hn-¶-te-°v) aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-tX-
b√ F∂v.
!15! C√mtX! [aS-ßm-Xn-cn-°-
bn√] \n›-b-ambpw Ahs‚ d∫v
Ah-s\-∏‰n I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-bn-cp-
∂p.
!13! ImcWw Ah-\m-bn-cp∂p Xs‚ kz¥ (Bƒ)-°m-cn¬
k¥p-jvS≥ !14! \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ [cn®p Ah≥ aS-ßn-h-cp-
∂tX A√ F∂v !15! C√m-tX, A√mtX \n›-b-ambpw Ahs‚ d∫v
Ah-s\-°p-dn®v Bbn-cn-°p-∂p, BIp∂p I≠-dn-bp-∂-h≥
kz¥w `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥-tbm, A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[tam C√m-
sX, Xs‚ kz¥-°m-cp-sSbpw Bƒ°mcp-sSbpw Iq´-Øn¬, XnI®pw kwXr-]vX\pw
k¥p-jvS-\p-am-bn-s°m≠v Ah≥ Ahs‚ sFln-I-Po-hnXw Ign-®p-Iq-ń. A√m-lp-
hn-¶-te°v Xncn-®p-sN-t√-≠n-h-cn-I-bn-s√-∂mWv Ah¿ [cn-®p-sh-®-Xv. CXmWv Cu
Zp¿K-Xn°v Imc-Ww. ]t£, A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cm-sX-bpw, Ahs‚ ]nSp-
Ø-Øn¬ AI-s∏-Sm-sXbpw Ccn-°pI km[y-a-√-X-s∂. Ahs\ krjvSn®p hf¿Øn-
h-cp∂ Ahs‚ c£n-Xmhv kZm Ahs\ I≠pw ho£n®pw sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-W-
t√m.
5312
!16! F∂m¬ AkvX-ab tim`-
sIm≠v Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXv ]d-
bp∂p;
!17! cm{Xn-bpw, AXpƒs°m-≈p-
∂-hbpw sIm≠pw˛
!18! N{µ≥ \nI∂v (]q¿WX
{]m]n- ® p) hcp- t ºmƒ AXp-
sIm≠pw (kXyw sNbvXv ]d-bp-
∂p):˛
!19! Xo¿®bmbpw \nßƒ (Hm-
tcm) L´w L´-ambn Ib-dn-s°m-≠n-
cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
! 20! F∂n- c n- s °, F¥mWv
Ch¿°v˛ Ch¿ hniz- k n- ° p-
∂nt√?!˛
!21! Ah¿°v Izp¿-B≥ HmXn- Oƒé°S
s°m-Sp-°-s∏-´m¬ Ah¿ "kpPqZv' )
[kmjvSmw-K-\-a-kvImcw] sNøp-∂p-
an√?!
!16! F∂m¬ Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p AkvX-ab

tim`-sIm≠v !17! cm{Xn-sIm≠pw AXv AS-°n-sh® (Dƒs°m-
≈p-∂)-h-sIm≠pw !18! N{µ-s\-sIm≠pw (AXv tN¿∂v) ]q¿W-
ambn ˛ \nI∂v hcp-tºmƒ !19! \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ Ibdpw (X-cWw
sNøpw) Hcp L´w (A-Sp-°v, Ah-ÿ, ]nSn) Bbn-s°m≠v Hcp L´-
Øn¬ \n∂v L´w L´-ambn Hmtcm ]Sn-bmbn ASp-°-Sp-°mbn !20!
F∂n-cn-s°, Ah (C-h)¿s°¥mWv Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂n√ (hn-iz-
kn-°m-sX) !21! HmX-s∏-´m¬ Ah-cn¬, Ah¿°v Izp¿-B≥
Ah≥ kpPqZv sNøp-∂p-an√
Cu BbØv HmXn-°-gn-™m¬ HmØns‚ Hcp kpPqZv sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. \_n

˜ Cu kqdØv HmXp-tºmƒ kpPqZv sNbvX-Xmbn Camw-am-enIv, apkvenw (d) apX-
em-b-h¿ \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
AkvX-a-b-k-a-bsØ tim`, cm{Xn, cm{Xn Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-h˛ AY-hm AXns‚
5313
Ccp-ń¬s]´v ad-™p-t]m-Ip∂ hkvXp-°ƒ ˛]q¿W-Zi {]m]n® N{µ≥ F∂n-ß-
s\-bp≈ Nne {]IrXn ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sf-s°m≠v A√mlp kXyw sNbvXv ]d-bp∂p;
Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ H∂n-\p-tijw as‰m-∂mbn Hmtcm L´-ßsf XcWw sNbvXp-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂v. ac-W-Øn\v apºv ssii-hw, Iuam-cw, bph-Xzw, hm¿≤-Iyw,
tcmKw, Btcm-Kyw, kpJw, ZpxJw BZnbmb hnhn[ L´-ßƒ a\p-jy¿ XcWw
sNtø-≠-Xp-≠v. GsX-¶nepw Hcp \√ Imcytam NoØ Imcytam km[n-t°-W-sa-
¶n¬t]mepw AXn-\mbn ]e _p≤n-ap-´p-Ifpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cpw. ]n∂o-Sm-sW-¶n¬,
ac-Ww, Iz_vdnse PohnXw, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]v, alvi-dn-te°v ktΩ-fn-°¬, hnNm-
c-W, c£m-in-£-Iƒ BZn-bmb L´-ß-sfbpw H∂n\v ]n∂mse H∂mbn a\p-jy≥
Xc-Ww-sN-tø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, tIhew \n›-btam kpÿn-ctam Bb
Hc-h-ÿ-b√ a\p-jy-\p-≈-Xv. hy‡n-I-fn¬ am{X-a-√, kaq-l-ß-fnepw ImWm-hp∂
Ah-ÿ-bm-Wn-Xv. CsX√mw a\p-jys\ CcpØn Nn¥n-∏n-t°-≠-Xpw, Ahs‚ imiz-
X-amb `mhn-sb-∏‰n t_m[-]q¿∆w {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ah\v t{]c-I-am-tI-≠-Xp-am-
Ip-∂p. ]t£, F∂n´pw kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-hm-t\m, Izp¿-Bs‚ ktµ-i-
ßƒ sNhn-s°m≠v a\- n-em-°p-hm-t\m, A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ Xe-Ip-\n-°p-hmt\m
Ah≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-∂n-√. A¤pXw Xs∂. 16 apX¬ 21 IqSnb hN-\-ß-fpsS hymJym-
\-ambn {]mam-Wy-cmb Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]ecpw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-f-f-Xns‚
kmc-amWv apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xv. Cu Bi-bsØ ]n≥Xm-ßp-am-dp≈ ]e Izp¿-B≥
hN-\-ßfpw ImWm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
Cu kqd-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ Camw _pJmcn (d) 19 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v {]tXy-
I-ambn Hcp io¿jIw sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v. AXn¬ F∂ hm°n\v C_v\p
A∫mkv (d)¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp lZoYv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v ∫ÉM ~©H ’ÉpM (H-c-h-ÿ-°p-
tijw as‰m-ch - ÿ
- ) F∂m-Wt- ±lw A¿∞w kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. a‰v ]e alm≥am-
cn¬\n∂pw CXp-t]mse \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xmbn C_v\p IYo¿ (d) apX-em-
b-hcpw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. GXm≠v CtX A¿∞Øn-ep≈ thsd Nne \nth-Z-
\-ßfpw ImWmw. Nne-Xn¬ I~°T ~©H I~°T (Hcp ImTn-\y-Øn-\p-tijw as‰mcp ImTn-\yw)
F∂m-Wp-≈-Xv. Ch-bp-sS-sb√mw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv ta¬I≠ hymJym\w B
hN-\-Øn\v \mapw kzoI-cn-®-Xv. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, Hmtcm-t∂m-tcm-∂mbn hnhn[
L´-ßsf XcWw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv a\p-jy≥ F∂v kmcw. A¬]w
hnj-a-tØm-Sp-IqSn XcWw sNø-s∏-tS-≠p∂ Ah-ÿ-I-fmWv ChnsS Dt±-in-°-s∏-
ń-´p-≈Xv F∂s{X ÍcÎd (Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ Ib-dpw) F∂ {]tbm-K-Øn¬\n∂v
a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv hnj-am-h-ÿ-Iƒ Hmtcm-∂mbn XcWw sNbvXp-
sIm-≠n-cn°pw F∂v Nne alm≥am¿ ChnsS A¿∞w I¬]n-®-Xpw. GXm-bmepw
"\nßƒ ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn ]ptcm-K-an-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn°pw' F∂v Cu hN-\-Øn\v Nne
"]ptcm-Ka
- \
- h
- mZn'Iƒ I¬]n®p ImWp∂ A¿∞-hym-Jym\w kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ \ymbw
ImWp-∂n-√. Imcy-s∏´ Hcp ap^- ndpw AXv ]d™p ImWp-∂p-an-√.
øoÑncrônànd (e -X¿I-_-∂) F∂-Xn¬ Ü (_m-Dv) F∂ A£-c-Øn\v AImcw (ínàna)
sImSpØpw (e˛ X¿I-_∂v F∂pw) hmb-\-bp-≠v. At∏mƒ AXv "\o Ibdpw'
˜
F∂v A¿∞w hcp∂ GI-h-N-\-hpw, t\¿°p-t\sc \_n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-
∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. hmb\m-hy-Xym-kß
- f
- pw, hyXykvX hymJym-\ß
- fpw D≤-cn-®t- ijw
5314
{]apJ Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xmhmb C_v\p-P-co¿ (d) C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: "apl-ΩZv
\_n-tb, Hc-h-ÿ-°p-tijw as‰m-c-h-ÿ-bpw, hnj-a-I-c-amb Hcp Imcy-Øn-\p-tijw
as‰mcp Imcy-hp-ambn \o Ibdn (X-cWw sNbvXp) sIm≠n-cn-°p-sa∂v hymJym\w
˜
\¬In-b-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-amWv icn-bm-bn-´p-f-f-Xv.' \_n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-
≠mWv hmN-I-sa-¶nepw F√m a\p-jy-scbpw Dt±-in®v ]d-™-Xm-Wv AsX-∂pw,
Iznbm-aØ
- v\m-fn¬ hnj-aß
- fpw òI-cX
- I
- fpw Ah¿ I≠p-ap-t´-≠n-hc- p-sa-∂m-WX - ns‚
Xm¬]-cy-sa∂pw At±lw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
!22! (A-{X-bp-a√
- ) ]t£, Ahn-
iz-kn-®-h¿ hymP-am-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv.
!23! Ah¿ (a-\- n¬) kq£n-
®p-sh-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp
\√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
! 24! BI- b m¬, (\- _ n- t b)
Ah¿°v thZ-\-tb-dnb Hcp in£-
sb-∏‰n kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-
°p-I.
! 25! hniz- k n- ° p- I - b pw,
k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbv X - h ¿s°m- g n- s I, Ah¿°v
apdn™p (\-jvS-s∏-´v) t]mImØ
{]Xn-êw D≠v.
!22! ]t£ Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ hymP-am-°p∂p !23!

A√mlp G‰hpw (\-√-t]m-se) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ah¿
kq£n®p (D-≈n¬sh-®p) hcp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n !24! BI-bm¬ Ah¿°v \o
kt¥m-j-a-dn-bn-°pI thZ-\-tb-dn-b-in-£-sb-∏‰n !25! bmsXm-
cp-h¿s°m-gnsI hniz-kn® k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°-bpw
sNbvX Ah¿°p≠v {]Xn-^-ew, Iqen apdn-°-s∏-SmØ (ap-dn-bm-
Ø, \jvSw ]‰m-Ø)
Ah¿ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw, Izp¿-B≥ kzoI-cn®p A√m-lp-
hn\v kmjvSmw-K-\-a-kvImcw sNøp-∂n-s√∂pw am{X-a-√, Izp¿-B-s\bpw a‰pw hymP-
am°n \ntj-[n-°p-II - qSn sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v h√ kt¥m-jh - m¿Øbpw
Adn-bn-°m-\p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv ITn-\a - mb in£-sb-°p-dn-®m-Wp-≈X
- v. t\sc-ad
- n®v kXy-
5315
hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿a-ßfpw kzoI-cn-®-h¿°m-Is´ Hcn-°epw \jvS-s∏-´p-t]m-ImØ
imiz-X-amb {]Xn-^-ehpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿ a\- n¬ kq£n-®p-sh-°p-∂Xv
( ) F∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw, Akq-b, shdp-∏v, hntZz-jw, \ntj[w
apX-em-b-h-bm-Wv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
5316
`mKw 30 êhÈdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 85 _pdqPv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
êhÈdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
85.kqd-Xp¬ _pdqPv
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! {Kl-a-WvU-e-ß-fp-≈-Xmb
BImiw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!2! hmKvZØw sNø-s∏´ (B)
Znhkw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!3! km£n-bpw, km£o-I-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!1! BImiw Xs∂-bmW cmin ({K-l-a-WvU-ew)-I-fp≈

!2! Znh-khpw Xs∂-bmW hmKvZØw sNø-s∏´ !3!
km£nbpw Xs∂-bmW km£o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ (km£n \n¬°-s∏-Sp-
∂)Xpw
Cu aq∂v hN-\-ß-fn-embn \mev hkvXp-°-sf-s°m≠v A√mlp BW-bn-ń-cn-
°p∂p:
(1) {Kl-a-WvU-e-ß-fp≈ BIm-iw-sIm-≠v. "{Kl-a-WvU-e-ßƒ' F∂v A¿∞w
I¬]n® "_pdqPv' ( ) F∂ hm°n-\v˛ kq: ^p¿Izm≥ 61 s‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬
Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-t]m-se˛ "{Kl-ßƒ, cmin-Iƒ, \£-{X-ßƒ, tIm´-Iƒ, amfn-I-ho-Sp-
Iƒ' Fs∂ms° A¿∞w hcm-dp-≠v.
(2) hmKvZØw sNø-s∏´ Znh-kw-sIm-≠v˛ Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fmWv CXp-sIm≠v Dt±-
iyw˛ hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-´Xv F∂v Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn-s\-°p-dn®v Izp¿-B-\n¬
thsdbpw ÿe-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
(3, 4) km£nbpw km£oI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw-sIm≠v, Cu c≠v hm°p-Ifpw Iptd
5317
hym]-I-amb A¿∞w Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. temI-Øp≈ hkvXp-°-sf√mw
Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Hs∂m-∂n\v km£n-bm-sW∂v ImWmw. a\p-jys\ kw_-‘n®
km£y-Øn-\mWv ChnsS IqSp-X¬ {]k-‡n-bp-≈-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. a\p-jys‚
I¿a-ßƒ°v temI-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ IW-°‰ km£n-Isf ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ÿe-
ßƒ, ]cnk-c-h-kvXp-°ƒ, ka-b-ßƒ, D]-I-c-W-ßƒ, kl-Po-hn-Iƒ BZn-bmbn
]eXpw ]eXpw Ah\v km£n-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ tImS-Xn-bn¬ Ch-
sb√mw a\p-jy-I¿a-ßsf km£o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. sFlnI tImS-Xn-I-fn¬t]mepw
Cß-s\-bp≈ Nne Imcy-ßƒ Hmtcm-X-c-Øn¬ sXfn-hp-\¬Ip∂ km£y-ß-fmbn
D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≠-t√m. A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn-em-I-s´, Ah-sb√mw t\¿°p-
t\scØs∂ km£n-sam-gn-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
Cu kap-
Zm-b-Øn-\pw, apºp-≠m-bn-cp∂ {]hm-N-I≥am¿ Ah-cpsS kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°pw km£n-
I-fm-Ip-∂p. (kq: \nkm-Dv 41.) Cu kap-Zmbw a‰v kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°pw km£n-bm-Wv.
(A¬_-Izdx 143) a\p-jys‚ Ah-b-h-ßƒ Ah\v km£n-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. (bm-ko≥
65) F∂n-ßs\ Izp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-h\ - I
- fpw Ah-bpsS kmc-ßfpw ChnsS {]kvXm-
hy-am-Ip-∂p. CXp-t]mse lZo-Yp-I-fnepw ]e-Xcw km£n-Isf°pdn®v {]kvXm-hn-
°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Cß-s\-bp≈ F√m km£n-I-fpw, B km£n-I-fpsS km£y-ßƒ°v
hnt[-b-cm-b-hcpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
F∂o hm°p-Iƒ°v "ImWp-∂-Xpw, ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw' F∂pw,
"lmPcm-Ip-∂-Xpw, lmP-cm-Ip∂ ÿehpw AYhm Imehpw' F∂pw A¿∞w hcm-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Iznbm-a-Øp-\mƒ, PpapAx Znh-kw, Ad-^m-Zn-\w, Pam-AØv \a-kvIm-
cw, ]≈n apX-em-b-hbpw Ah-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-°p-∂-h-cp-amWv ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂v
kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw {]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw ChnsS ImW-s∏-Sm-dp-≈Xv
Cu ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Ip-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ AsX√mw ChnsS DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmbn
kzoI-cn-°m-sa-∂√- m-sX, km£m¬ Dt±iyw Ah-bn-sem∂pw ]cn-an-Xa - √
- . GXm-bmepw
A√mlp kXyw sNøm≥ D]-tbm-Kn® hkvXp-°s - f-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-∂h - ¿°v AXn¬
kmc-hØ - mb ]e cl-ky-ßfpw Is≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂X - n¬ kwi-ba - n-√. kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t\sc kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ Agn-®p-hn-Sp∂ ISpØ a¿±-\-ßƒ°pw,
bYm¿∞ hnizm-k-Øns‚ AN-©-eX°pw DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-amb Hcp kw`-h-amWv
A√mlp XpS¿∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv:˛
! 4! InS- ß ns‚ Bƒ°m¿
sIm√-s∏-Ss´ [i]n-°-s∏-Ss´]!˛
!5! AXm-bXv C‘\w [hndIv]
\nd® A·n-bpsS (Bƒ°m¿);˛
!6! Ah¿ AXn-¶¬ Ccp-∂p-sIm-
≠n-cp∂ kµ¿`w;˛
!7! kXy-hn-izm-kn-Is
- f-s°m≠v
Xßƒ sNbv X p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ -
Xn\v Ah¿ ZrIvkm-£n-I-fm-bpw-
5318
sIm-≠v.
!4! sIm√ (i- ] n- ° ˛ \in- ∏ n- ° )- s ∏- S s´ Bƒ°m¿

InSßns‚ !5! AXm-bXv A·n-bpsS hndIv (C-‘-\w) D≈-Xmb
(\n-d-°-s∏-´) !6! Ah¿ Bbn-cp∂ kµ¿`w AXn-¶¬, AXn-\p-tase
Ccn-°p-∂-h¿ !7! Ah¿, Ah-cm-Is´ Xßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn\v
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-s°m≠v (Zr-°v) km£n-I-fp-amWv
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw Atß-A‰w i{Xp-a¿±-\-ßƒ°v Cc-bm-
bn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ Ah-Xc - n® Hc-≤ym-ba - m-Wn-Xv. _nem¬ (d), kzpssl_v
(d) XpS-ßnb ]e kzlm-_n-I-fpw˛ kzlm_o h\n-X-Iƒt]m-epw˛ Izpssd-in-I-fpsS
hnhn-[X- c
- Ø
- n-ep≈ {Iqc-a¿±-\ß
- ƒ A\p-`h - n-®n-cp-∂Xv {]kn-≤a - m-Wv. Hcn-°¬ Ah¿
Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv AXn-s\-°p-dn-®v k¶-S-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Xncp-ta\n IAv_xbpsS
XW-en¬ Hcp ]pX∏v Xe-bn-W-bm°n InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "\_ntb Ahn-Sp-∂v,
Rßƒ°p-th≠n (A-√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sv) klmbw tXSp-∂nt√?! Rßƒ°p-th≠n ZpB
sNøp-∂nt√?!' F∂n-ßs\ Ah¿ ]d-™p. Xncp-ta\n {]XnhNn®p: "\nß-fpsS apºv
Nnesc ]nSn®p Ipgn-IpØn AXn¬ \ndpØn Dfn-hmƒ Ah-cpsS Xe-bn¬ sh®v
c≠v ]nf¿∏mbn ]nf¿Øp-Ibpw, Ccp-ºns‚ No¿∏p-sIm≠v F√pw amwkhpa-√m-Ø-
sX√mw Cu¿s∂-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNø-s∏-Sm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-´vt]mepw AXv Abm-
fpsS aX-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ \n∂v Abmsf XS-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. A√mlp Xs∂-bmW!
Ah≥ C°mcyw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Aßs\ (b-a-\n-se) kz≥-B-bn¬
\n∂v Hcp hml-\-°m-c≥ lfz¿ auØp-hsc A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw (h-gn-a-s≤y) sN∂m-
sbbpw A√msX as‰m-∂n-s\bpw `b-s∏-Sm-\n-√m-Ø-hn[w k©-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
]t£, \nßƒ _≤-∏m-Sv ImWn-°p-I-bm-Wv.' (_pJm-co.) Cß-s\-bp≈ kµ¿`-
Øn¬, ap≥Im-eØv kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb Hcp Iq´¿ kln-t°≠n h∂ Hcp ZmcpW
kw`-hw, Cu kqd-Øn¬ A√mlp Ah¿°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv.
hnd-Ip-Iq-ºmcw \nd®v AXyp-{K-ambn IØn-Pz-en-°p-am-dm-°nb Hcp XoIp-WvUm-
c-Øn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb km[p-°sf Poh-t\msS C´v A·n-°n-c-bm-°p-I-bpw,
AXns‚ Np‰p-]mSpw Ccp∂v B ]mh-ßƒ Xobn¬ Fcn™p ]nSbp-∂-Xv t\m°n-
°-≠p-sIm≠v BÀm-Zn®p ckn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp {Iqc P\-X-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv
A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv. Cu ItTm-c-IrXyw sNøm-\p≈ GI-Im-cWw B
]pWym-flm-°ƒ A√mlphn¬ hniz-kn-®Xv am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ASpØ hN-\-
Øn¬ A√mlp FSpØp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. B A{I-an-I-fpsS ta¬ Ah≥ X°
\S-]-Sn-I-sf-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v hºn® {]Xn-^-e-ßƒ
e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw, Ah-sc-°mƒ Du°≥am-cm-bn-cp∂ [n°m-cn-I-sfbpw
A√mlp shdpsX hnń-ń-s√∂pw XpS¿∂v Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v. CsX√mw kXy-hn-
izm-kn-Iƒ Hm¿an-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂s{X Cu kw`hw D≤-cn-®-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw.
Xo°p-≠ns‚ kw`hw GXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-∏-d-b-Ø-°-hn[w sXfn-
hp-I-fn-√. H∂n-e-[nIw kw`-h-ßƒ CXn\v DZm-l-c-W-ambn FSp-°m-hp∂ cq]-Øn¬
5319
\nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-´p≠v-Xm-\pw. Ah-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂ns\ Dt±-in-®mtWm,
AX-√, Ah-t]m-se-bp≈ kw`-h-ßsf samØ-Øn¬ Dt±-in-®mtWm Cu hnh-c-W-
sa∂pw Xo¿Øp ]d-bm-hp-∂-X-√. c≠m-bm-epw, Cu kw`-h-Øn-e-S-ßnb ]mTw {Kln-
°p-hm\pw, AXv {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\pw, kw`hw Fhn-sS-sh®v Ft∏mƒ D≠mbn
F∂-dn-tb≠Xn√-t√m. ta¬ kqNn-∏n® \nth-Z-\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ {]kvXmh-tbm-
Ky-am-bXv \ap°v ChnsS Hm¿an-°mw.
Camw apkvenw (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb Hcp \_n hN-\-Øns‚ Npcp°w C{]-Im-c-am-
Ip∂p: "ap≥Im-eØv Hcp cmPm-hn\v Hcp "kmln¿' (B-`n-Nm-c-hn-Z-Kv[≥˛ AYhm amb-
hn-Zy-°m-c≥) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Abm-fpsS ac-W-tijw Xs‚ Hcp ]n≥Km-an-bm-°n-Øo¿°-
W-sa∂ Dt±iy-Øn¬ Abmƒ Hcp Ipń°v "knlv¿' (B-`n-Nmcw AYhm amb-hn-Zy)
]Tn-∏n®p h∂n-cp-∂p. Ipń-bpsS hgn-as≤y Hcp "dmln_v' (]p-tcm-ln-X≥) D≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. t]m°v thf-I-fn¬ Ipń dmln-_p-ambn kº¿°w ]pe¿Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw,
B hgn Ipń°v A√m-lp-hn¬ hnizm-k-ap-≠m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp Znhkw
hgn-bn¬ Hcp arKw {]Xy-£-s∏´p KXm-KX XS- -ap-≠m-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. dmln-_ns‚
kn≤m-¥-ß-fmWv icn-bm-b-sX-¶n¬ Cu arKsØ sIme-s∏SptØ-Wta F∂v
{]m¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v Ipń B arK-Øn\p-t\sc Is√-dn-™p. arKw NØp. am¿K-X-
S w \oßn. Cu kw`hw aptJ\ Ipń-bpsS Imcyw P\-{i-≤-bm-I¿jn-®p. A\-
¥cw Ipń-bpsS ssI°v ]e tcmK-ßfpw kpJ-s∏-SpI apX-emb kw`-h-ßƒ \S-
°p-I-bpw, P\-ßƒ°v Ipńsb-∏‰n henb aXn-∏p-≠m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Iq´-
Øn¬ cmPm-hp-ambn ASpØ _‘-ap≈ Hcm-fpsS ImgvN \jvS-s∏-ń-cp∂ IÆn\pw
Ipń-bpsS ssI°v kpJw e`n-®p. CXv aptJ\ cmPmhpw Ipń-bpsS IY Adn-™p.
Ipń-bpsS ]Tn-Ø-Øns‚ ê-amWv AsX-√m-sa-∂mWv P\-ßƒ [cn-®-Xv. ]t£,
CsX√mw Fs‚ d∫ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv F∂v Ipń {]Jym-]n-®p. "Rm\-√msX
as‰mcp d∫v BcmWv?' F∂mbn cmPm-hv. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v Ipń-sbbpw Ahs‚
Kpcp-hmb dmln-_n-s\bpwcmPmhv ]nSn-Iq-Sn.-dm-ln-_ns\ Dgn-hmƒ sh®v s]mfn®v hogvØn.-
]n-∂oSv Ipń Ahs‚ ]pXnb aXw Dt]-£n-°m-Ø-]£w Ahs\ Hcp ae-ap-I-fn¬
sIm≠p-t]mbn Iogvt]m-ń-Sp-hm≥ cmPmhv I¬∏n-®p. ]t£, Ipń-bpsS {]m¿∞-\m-^-e-
ambn Ipń c£-s∏-´p. AXn-\p-tijw I∏-en¬ Ib‰n kap-{Z-Øn-se-dn-bp-hm≥ G¿∏m-Sv
sNbvXp. AXnepw Ah≥ Ic-∏‰n c£-s∏-´p. sIm≠p-t]m-b-h¿°v \miw ]nW-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. HSp°w Ipń ]d™p: "Fs∂ sImt√-W-sa-¶n¬ Fs‚ Aºp-sIm≠v Fs‚
d∫ns‚ t]cv ]d™p Fs∂ ]c-ky-ambn Fdn-b-Ww.' AXv ên-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CXv I≠v P\-ßƒ Iq´-ambn A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®p. At∏mƒ cmPmhpw In¶-c≥amcpw
henb Hcp A·n-IpWvUw Xøm-dm°n kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf AXn-en´v A·n-°n-c-bm-
°n.' (º∏°ùe √GhQ) Izp¿-B≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ kw`hw CXmtWm a‰v h√-Xp-amtWm F∂v
\ap°v Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv.
! 8! {]Xm- ] - i m- e n- b m- b ,
kv X pXy¿l- \ mb A√m- l p- h n¬
Ah¿ [B kXy- h n- i zm- k n- I ƒ]
hniz-kn-°p-∂-X-√m-sX, Ah-sc-°p-
dn®v Ah¿ (bm-sXm∂pw) Ip‰-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√-Xm\pw;˛
5320
!9! AXm-b-Xv, BIm-i-ß-fp-
sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw cmPm-[n-]Xyw
bmsXm-cp-h-∂mtWm Ah-\n¬ (hn-
iz-kn-°p-∂-Xv.) A√m-lp-hm-I-s´,
F√m Imcy-Øn\pw ZrIvkm-£n-bm-
Ip-∂p.
!8! Ah¿ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√, Bt£-]n-®n-ń-√, shdp-Øn-ń√

Ah-cn¬\n-∂v, Ah-sc-°p-dn®v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-X-√msX A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ {]Xm-]-im-en-bmb kvXpXy¿l-\mb !9! AXm-bXv
bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah-∂m-Ip∂p BIm-iß
- f
- psS cmPm-[n-]Xyw
`qan-bp-sSbpw A√m-lp-hm-Is´ F√m Imcy-Øn\pw (Zr-°v)
km£n-bmWv
F√m bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn-epw-sh®v G‰hpw al-Øpw, ]cn-]m-h-\-hp-amb B
bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬˛ AsX, A√mlp am{X-amWv Bcm-[y\pw c£n-Xm-hp-sa∂ Imcy-
Øn¬˛ hniz-kn-®p-sh-∂-√msX as‰mcp Ip‰hpw B kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ta¬
Ah¿°v Npa-Øp-hm-\n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cn-s°, AXns\ G‰hpw hºn® Ip‰-am-
sb-SpØv Ahsc ss]im-Nn-Ihpw arKo-bh
- p-amb cq]-Øn¬ in£n® B ZpjvS≥amsc
A√mlp Fßs\ i]n-°m-Xn-cn°pw?! kXyhpw kXy-hn-izm-k-hpw, kzoI-cn-°p-∂-
Xns‚ t]cn¬, Ak-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw Ahn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw sshXm-fn-I-≥am-cn¬\n-
∂p-≠m-Ip∂ F√m arKob a¿±-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ÿnXn CXp-X-s∂-bm-Ip∂p; F√mw
A√mlp I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F√m-‰n\pw Ah≥ \S-]Sn FSp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p:
!10! \n›-ba - m-bpw, kXy-hn-izm-

kn- I - s fbpw kXy- h n- i zm- k n- \ n- I -
sfbpw (a¿±n-®p) Ipg-∏-Øn-em-°p-I-
bpw, ]n∂oSv ]›m-Ø-]n-°m-Xn-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿; Ah¿°v \c-
I-in-£-bp≠v; Ah¿°v Np´p-I-cn-
°p∂ in£-bp-ap-≠v.
!11! \n›-ba- m-bpw, hniz-kn-°p-

I-bpw, k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿;˛ Ah¿°v
ASn-`m-K-Øn-eqsS Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-
In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kz¿K-ß-fp≠v.
5321
AXs{X hep-Xmb hnP-bw.
! 12! \n›- b - a m- b pw, \ns‚

d∫ns‚ ]nSpØw []nSn®p in£n-
°¬] ITn-\-am-bXv Xs∂-bm-Wv.
! 13! \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah≥
Xs∂-bm-Wv, BZy-am-bp-≠m-°p-I-
bpw, (ho-≠pw) Bh¿Øn-®p-≠m-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv.
!14! hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\pw,
hfsc kvt\l-ap-≈-h\pw Ah-\-
s{X.
!15! "A¿iv' [knwlm-k\w] D≈-
h-\pw, al-Xz-ta-dn-b-h\pw;˛
!16! Xm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-sXt¥m
AXv (i-cn-°pw) {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-
\pw.
!10! \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm-cp-h≥ Ah¿ Ipg-∏-s∏-SpØn, ]co-£-
W-Øn-em°n (a¿±n-®p) kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-
I-sfbpw ]n∂oSv Ah¿ ]›m-Ø-]n-®-Xp-an√ F∂m-e-h¿°p≠v
Pl-∂an (\-c-I-Øn)s‚ in£ Ah¿°p-≠v-Xm\pw
Icn-®-ens‚ (Np-s´-cn-°p-∂) in£ !11! \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm-cp-h¿
hniz-kn® k¬I¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX
Ah¿°p≠v kz¿K-ßƒ \S°p∂, Hgp-Ip∂ AXns‚ ASn-`m-KØ
- qsS
Acp-hn-Iƒ, \Zn-Iƒ AXs{X hnP-bw, `mKyw henb
!12! \n›-b-ambpw ]nSpØw (in-£) \ns‚ d∫ns‚ ITn-\-am-
b-Xp-Xs∂ !13! \n›bw Ah≥Xs∂ BZy-am-bp-≠m-°p-∂p, XpS°w
sNøp∂p Bh¿Øn-°pI (a-S-°n-bp-≠m-°p-I)bpw sNøp∂p !14! Ah-
\s{X hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥ hfsc kvt\lw (Xm¬]-cyw) D≈-h≥
!15! A¿ip-≈-h≥, knwlm-k-\-°m-c≥ al-Xz-ta-dn-b-h≥, tbmKy-
X-bp-≈-h≥ !16! icn°pw sNøp-∂-h≥, {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h≥ Xm≥
Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xns\, F¥v Xm¬]-cy-s∏-Spt∂m AXv
5322
F∂n-cn-s°, Ahs‚ ]nSn-bn¬ Aa-cm-Ø-h-t\m, Ahs‚ \S-]-Sn-bn¬\n∂v c£-
s∏-Sp-∂p-h-t\m, Ahs\ AXn-P-bn-°p-∂-ht\m Bcp≠v? Bcpw Xs∂-bn-√. F√mw
Ahs‚ krjvSn. c£n-°p-hm\pw in£n-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ A[n-Im-chpw Ignhpw Ah∂v
am∏p-sN-øm\pw Zb-Im-Wn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ Ignhpw k∂-≤-Xbpw D≈-h\pw Ah≥
Xs∂. ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw ]cn-]q¿W kzmX-{¥yhpw Ah∂v am{Xw. Ahs\ tNmZyw
sNøm≥ Bcp-an-√.
! 17! (B) ssk\y- ß - f psS

h¿Ø-am\w \n\°v hs∂-Øn-bn-cn-
°p-∂pthm (\-_n-tb),˛
!18! AXm-b-Xv, ^n¿-Hu-s‚-bpw,
"YaqZn's‚bpw?!
!17! \n\°v h∂n-cn-°p-∂pthm h¿Ø-am\w ssk\y-ß-
fpsS !18! AXm-bXv ^n¿-Hus‚ Yaq-Zn-s‚bpw
AsX, B h¿Ø-am\w \nßƒ°v Adn-bm-a-t√m, AXv \nßƒ°v kam-[m\w

\¬Ip-hm-\pw, kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ°v ]mT-am-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw t]mcp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!19! F¶nepw (Cu) Ahn-iz-kn-

®-h¿ hymP-am-°-en-emWv (G¿s∏-
ń-´p)-≈Xv.
!20! A√m-lp-hm-Is - ´, Ah-cpsS
]n≥h-i-Øn-eqsS (A-hsc) hebw
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.
!21! ]t£, AXv al-Xz-ta-dnb
Hcp Izp¿-B-\m-Ip-∂p.
!22! kpc-£n-X-amb Hcp ê-
I-Øn-emWv (A-Xp-≈-Xv).
!19! F¶nepw (]-t£) Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ hymP-am-°-en-
em- I p∂p ! 20! A√m- l p- h m- I s´ Ah- c psS ]n≥h- i - Ø qsS,
]n∂n¬\n∂v hebw sNøp-∂-h-\m-Ip∂p !21! F¶nepw (]t£˛
F∂m¬) AXv Hcp Izp¿-B-\m-Ip∂p (hm-b-\m-{K-Ÿ-am-Wv) al-Xz-ta-dn-
b, t{ijvT-am-°-s∏´ !22! Hcp ê-I-Øn¬, ]e-I-bn¬ kpc-£n-X-
am-b, kq£n-°-s∏´
A{I-a-Ønepw a¿±-\-Ønepw ap≥]-¥n-bn¬\n-∂n-cp∂ AXn-tI-a≥am-cmb ^n¿-
5323
Hu≥, Yaq-Zp-h¿Kw-t]m-se-bp-≈-h-cp-sS-sb√mw ]cy-h-km-\-ßƒ F¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
s]mXp-hn¬ Adn™p Ign-™-Xm-W-t√m. Cu [n°m-cn-Iƒ°v AXn¬\n-s∂m∂pw
]mTw ]Tn-™n-ń-√. Ah-cn-t∏mgpw \ntj-[-Ønepw [n°m-c-Ønepw Dd-®p-\n¬°p-I-
bm-Wv. A√mlp F√mw kq£va-ambn Adn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-Xm-\pw. AX-h¿
Hm¿°p-∂n-√. Izp¿-B-\m-sW-¶n¬˛ AXm-Wt√m Ah-cpsS Cu ZpjvsN-bvXn-Iƒ°v
Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv˛ AXnse hN-\-ßfpw Bi-b-ßfpw AXv hn`m-h\w
sNøp∂ BZ¿i-ß-fp-sa√mwXs∂ AXn-a-l-Øm-bXpw BcpsS ssII-S-Ø-en\pw
]gp-Xn-√m-Ø-hn[w kpc-£n-X-am-b-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. AXns\ hymP-am-°n-Ø-≈p-hm-t\m,
\ntj-[n-°p-hmt\m bmsXmcp \ymb-hp-an-√, Imc-W-hp-an-√.
(kp- c - £ n- X - ^ - e - I w˛ AYhm kq£n- ° - s ∏´ ]e- I ) F∂m¬
GXmWv? AsX-hn-sS-bmWv? GXp-X-c-Øn-ep-≈-XmWv? Fs∂m∂pw \ap°v hkvXp-
\n-jvT-ambn hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ Adn-™p-Iq-Sm. hm°ns‚ `mjm¿∞sØ ASn-ÿm-\-
am°n ˛Nne Bfp-Iƒ sNbvXp-Im-Wp-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛ AXns\ tIhew Hcp ùXnI
hkvXp-hmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-hm-t\m, \Ωp-sS Iøn-ep≈ "apkvl^p'Itfm at‰m
BsW∂v hn[n-I¬]n-°p-hmt\m apXn-cp-∂Xv A\ym-b-am-Wv. Izp¿-B-s\-∏‰n kqd-
Øp¬ hmIznAx 77 ˛ 79 ¬ (AXv
am\y-amb Hcp Izp¿-B-\m-Wv, `{Z-ambn kq£n-°-s∏´ Hcp {KŸ-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv.
]cn-ip-≤-am-°-s∏-´-h-c-√msX AXns\ kv]¿in-°-bn-√.) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
CXns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ AhnsS \mw {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I. B Bi-bw-X-s∂-
bmWv Chn-sSbpw D≈-Xv. kqd: dAvZn¬
39 (A-√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ ambn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bpw, ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. aqe-{KŸw Ahs‚ ASp-°-ep-≠vXm-\pw.) F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ {]tXyIw kq£n-°-s∏´ Hcp ⁄m\-tc-J-bmWv AsX-
∂pw, Izp¿-B\ - S- °w A√mlp AXn¬ ]eXpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-®n-´p-s≠-∂pw, Ah≥
Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-X-√sX B¿°pw AXn-s\-∏‰n Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-s√∂pw
{Kln-°m-a-t√m. Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬\n-∂pw, \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬\n-∂pw, ap≥Km-an-
I-fmb alm≥am-cpsS hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw s]mXp-hn¬ "eulp≥˛ alv^qZzn
(®ƒØfi ìƒd)'s\∏‰n apkvenwIƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂Xpw hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw AXm-Wv.
º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
5324
`mKw 30 ¥QÉ£dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 86 AØzmcn°zv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¥QÉ£dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
86.kqd-XpØzmcnIzv
a°-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 17
Øn¬.
!1! BImiw Xs∂-bm-W, cm{Xn
IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xpw Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
! 2! cm{Xn IS- ∂ p- h - c p- ∂ Xv
F∂m¬ F¥m-sW∂v \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw?!
! 3! Xpf- ® p- s N- √ p∂ \£- { X-
as{X (A-Xv).
! 4! F√m Hmtcm tZlhpw
[Bfpw] Xs∂, AXns‚ ta¬
kq£n®p (ho- £ n- ® p)sIm≠n- c n-
°p∂ Hcmƒ C√m-Ø-Xm-bn-ń-√.
!1! BImiw Xs∂-bmW (cm-{Xn) h∂p-ap-´p∂ (I-S-∂p-h-cp-
∂)Xpw !2! \n\°v F¥-dnbmw cm{Xn IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv F¥m-
sW∂v !3! \£-{X-amWv Xpf-®p-sN-√p∂ (tim-`-tb-dn-b) !4!
F√m Hmtcm tZlhpw (B-fpw˛ Bflm-hpw) C√ AXn-s‚-ta¬ C√msX
Hcp kq£n-°p-∂-h≥, ]mdm-hp-Im-c≥, Im°p-∂-h≥
BIm-i-sØbpw \£-{X-sØbpwsIm≠v A√mlp kXyw sNøp-∂p. \£-{X-
5325
ßƒ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂Xv cm{Xn-bm-I-sIm≠v cm{Xn IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv ( ) F∂pw,
{]Im-in-°p∂ tim`-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-I-sIm≠v Xpf-®p-sN-√p-∂Xv ( ) F∂pw
AXns\ hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. "\£{Xw sIm≠p≈ hnh-£, s]mXp-hn¬ F√m
\£-{X-ßf - p-tam, Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ {]kvXm-hn-®p-Im-Wp-∂X
- p-t]mse GsX-¶nepw
{]tXyI \£-{Xtam BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm Bsf-∏-‰nbpw kq£n®p ho£n-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]mdm-hp-Im-c≥ Ds≠-∂pw, Bcpw AXn¬\n∂v Hgn-hn√ F∂p-
amWv A√mlp kXyw-sNbvXv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
a\p-jys‚ I¿a-ß-sf√mw ho£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-
Ibpw sNøp∂ Nne ae-°p-Iƒ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw IqsS Ds≠∂v kqd: C≥^n-Xzm¿
10 ¬ I≠p-h-t√m. a\p-jys‚ apºn-eq-sSbpw ]nºn-eqsSbpw Ahs\ ImØv kq£n-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ae-°p-Iƒ Ds≠∂v kqd: dAvZv 11 epw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
kq£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]mdm-hp-Im-c≥ ( ) F∂v ChnsS ]d-™Xv Cu c≠n¬
GsX-¶nepw Hcp hn`m-KsØ Dt±-in-®m-hmw. A√m-lp-hn-s\-Øs∂ Dt±-in®pw Bhmw.
G‰hpw \√ ]mdm-hp-Im-c≥ Ah≥ Xs∂-bm-W-t√m. (É¶aÉMÒnN ¬∏dÉna) GXm-bmepw a\p-
jys‚ F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ne-\-ßfpw Hs∂m-gn-bmsX ho£n-°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Ahs\ A√mlp DW¿Øp-I-bm-Wv.
!5! F∂m¬, a\p-jy≥ (Nn-¥n-

®p) t\m°-s´, Ah≥ F¥n¬\n-
∂mWv krjv S n- ° - s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ -
sX∂v!
!6! sXdn-®p-h-cp∂ Hcp sh≈-
Øn¬\n-∂s{X Ah≥ krjvSn-°-
s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
!7! AXv apXp-sI-√n-\pw, s\s©-
√p-Iƒ°pw CS-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-
h-cp-∂p.
!5! F∂m¬ t\m°s´ a\p-jy≥ Ah≥ F¥n-\m¬ (G-
Xn¬\n-∂v) krjvSn-°-s∏´p F∂v !6! Ah≥ krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p
Hcp sh≈-Øn-\m¬ - p∂ !7!
sXdn-®p-hc AXv ]pdØv hcp∂p
apXp-sI-√ns‚ CS-bn¬\n∂v s\s©-√p-I-fp-sSbpw
`£y-k-Øp-°-fn¬ \n∂v D¬`q-X-am-Ip-∂-Xpw, ico-cmw-i-ß-fn¬\n-s∂√mw Hgp-

In-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv ]pcpj _oPhpw kv{XobpsS AWvU-hpw. AXns‚ {][m-\-tI{µw
]pcp-js‚ \s´-√p-Ifpw kv{XobpsS tates\s©-√p-I-fp-am-Ip-∂p. Ahn-S-ß-fn¬\n-
∂m-WXv shfn-°p-h-cp-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv apXp-sI-√n\pw s\s©-√p-Iƒ°p-an-S-
bn¬\n∂v AXv ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS ico-c-
5326
Øn¬ \n∂v hm¿∂p sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ Hcp \n m-c-P-e-Øns‚ G‰hpw Hcp _nµp-
hn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®p≠m°-s∏-´-h-\t√ a\p-jy≥?! Ah\v c≠m-a-sXmcp Pohn-Xw-
IqSn \¬Iphm≥ A√m-lp-hn\v Ign-hn-s√t∂m?!˛
! 8! \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah≥

A√mlp Ahs\ aS(°n krjvSn)-
°p-∂-Xn\v Ign-hp-≈-h≥X-s∂,˛
!9! cl-ky-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°-
s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw.
!10! At∏mƒ Ah∂v bmsXmcp
i‡n-bm-Is - ´, klm-bI
- \
- m-Is´ (D-
≠m-bn-cn-°p-I) C√.
!8! \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ Ahs\ aS-°p-hm≥, Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-

Xn\v - ≥ Xs∂ !9!
Ign-hp-≈h ]cn-tim-[n-°(-]c
- o-£n-°)-s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw
cl-ky-ßƒ, kzIm-cy-sN-bvXn-Iƒ !10! At∏mƒ Ah-∂n√
Hcp i‡nbpw Hcp klm-b-I-\p-an√
kzIm-cy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Ah≥ \S-Øp∂ F√m KqV-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw, Ahs‚
hnNm-cw, hnIm-cw, Dt±iyw, hnizmkw apX-em-b-h-bpsa√mw Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ ]cn-
tim-[-\m-hn-j-b-am-Ip-∂-Xpw, AX-\p-k-cn®v \S]Sn FSp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. C∂v
Cu ImWp∂ Ignhpw kzm[o-\hpw H∂pw-Xs∂ Ah\v A∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°b - n-√. Bcpw
Ahs\ c£n-°p-hm\pw D≠mIp-∂-X-√.
!11! Bh¿Øn(®p ag-sNm-cn)-
°p∂ BImiw Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
!12! (kky-e-Xm-Zn-Iƒ apf-®v)
]nf-cp∂ `qanbpw Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
!13! \n›-ba - m-bpw, CXv Hcp (J-
Wv U n- X - a m- b ) Xocp- a m\ hN\w
Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.
!14! CXv Xam-i-b-√.
!11! BImiw Xs∂-bmW aS°w (B-h¿Ø\w) D≈-Xmb
!12! `qan-bp-amW ]nf-c¬ D≈ (]n-f-cp-∂)-Xmb !13!
\n›-b-ambpw CXv, AXv Hcp hm°v (h-N-\w) Xs∂ Xocp-am-\-amb (J-
5327
WvUn-X-am-b) !14! AX-√-Xm\pw Xami
aS°w AYhm Bh¿Ø\w D≈Xv ( ) F∂v BIm-isØ hnti-jn-∏n-
®-Xn\v ag Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂pw, tKmf-ß-fpsS Ne\w Bh¿Øn-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂pw hnh£ \¬I-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. BZysØ A`n-{]m-b-Øn-
\mWv ap≥K-W\ ImWp-∂-Xv. ]nf-cp-∂Xv ( ) F∂v `qansb hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv
ag \nanØw kky-e-Xm-Zn-Iƒ apf®p s]m¥p-amdv No¿Øp ]nf-cp-∂Xv F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-
em-Ip-∂p. a\p-jys‚ krjvSnsb-°p-dn®pw Ahs‚ ]p\-sc-gp-t∂¬]n-s\-°p-dn®pw Ahs‚
Nn¥ Xncn-°p-hm≥ t]mcp-∂X- mWv Cu kXy-hm-NI
- ß
- ƒ. a\p-jy\v ac-Wt- ijw ho≠pw
Hcp Pohn-X-ap-s≠-∂pw, Ahs‚ I¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn®v tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw ]d-bp-
∂Xv tIhew Xam-itbm hnt\m-Ztam H∂p-a√; bmsXmcp \o°p-t]m-°p-an-√mØ hn[w
JWvUn-Xhpw Ah-km-\-sØ-Xp-amb hm°m-WXv F∂s{X A√mlp kXyw sNbvXp
]d-bp-∂-Xv.
! 15! \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah¿
[Ahn- i zm- k n- I ƒ] Hcp (h- º n- ® )
X{¥w {]tbm- K n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n-
°p∂p;
! 16! Rm\pw Hcp (h- º n- ® )
X{¥w {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-XmWv
! 17! BI- b m¬, (\- _ n- t b)
Ahn- i zm- k n- I ƒ°v \o (Im- e )
Xmakw \¬IpI; Ah¿°v \o
A¬]sam∂v Xmakw sNbvXp-sIm-
Sp-°p-I.
!15! \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ X{¥w (D-]m-bw) {]h¿Øn-°p∂p
Hcp X{¥w, D]mbw !16! Rm\pw X{¥w {]tbm-Kn-°p∂p Hcp X{¥w
!17! BI-bm¬ Xmakw (H-gn-hv˛ CS˛ kmh-Im-iw) \¬IpI
Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah¿°v Xmakw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°pI A¬]w,
Ipd®v
kXy-{]-t_m-[-\-sØ-bpw, {]hm-N-I-s\bpw \njvIm-k\w sNøm-\mbn Ah¿
KqV-X-{¥-ßƒ ]eXpw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ahsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm\pw ap´p-Ip-Øn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ X{¥-ßƒ Rm\pw \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v
Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ [rXn-s∏-tS-≠X - n-√. A¬]-sam∂v £an-t®-°p-I. Xma-kn-bmsX
Ahsc Rm≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. F∂v \_n
˜ sb kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ X{¥w Ipdn°v sIm≈p-sa∂v ]d-
tb-≠-Xn-√. AXv kw`-hn-®p-I-gn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-t√m.
5328
`mKw 30 »∏Y’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 87 AAvem
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
»∏Y’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
87.kqd-Xp¬ AAvem
c≠v s]cp-∂mƒ \a-kvIm-c-ß-fnepw, sh≈n-bmgvN PpapAx \a-kvIm-c-Øn-epw

\_n ˜ Cu kqdØpw ASpØ kqdØpw HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, s]cp-∂mfpw
Ppap-Axbpw Hcp Znh-k-Øn¬ (sh-f-fn-bm-gvN) Hcp-an®p h∂-t∏mgpw Xncp-ta\n Ah
c≠pw HmXp-I-bp-≠m-sb∂pw lZo-Yn¬ h∂n´p≠v. (A; ap; Zm; \.) "hnXv¿' \a-
kvIm-c-Øn¬ Cu kqd-Øpw, kqd-Øp¬ Im^n-dq-\-bpw, kqd-Øp¬ CJvemkzpw
Xncp-ta\n HmXn-h∂- n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw H∂n-e[
- nIw kzlm-_n-If
- n¬\n∂v Camw AlvaZpw
(d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! \ns‚ AXyp-∂X
- \
- mb c£n-
Xm-hns‚ \masØ \o kvtXm{X-
Io¿Ø\w sNøp-I.
!2! AXm-b-Xv, krjvSn®p icn-
s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h≥˛
! 3! (hy- h - ÿ ) \n¿W- b n®p
am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬In-b-h\pw;
!4! ta®n¬ ÿm\w (A-Y-hm
kkym-Zn-I-sf) D¬]m-Zn-∏n-®-h\pw;˛
!5! F∂n´v AXns\ Ah≥ (C-
cp-≠) Nmº¬ h¿W-ap-≈X - mb Nh-
dm- ° n- Ø o¿°p- I bpw sNbv X p.
[Aßs\bp≈-hs‚ \maw.]
5329
!1! \o Xkv_olp (kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø\w˛ {]Io¿Ø-\w) sNøpI
\ns‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ \maw AXyp-∂-X-\m-b, G‰hpw taemb !2!
krjvSn-®-h≥ F∂n´v icn-s∏-Sp-Ønb !3! \n¿W-bn® (hy-h-ÿ-
sN-bvX˛ IW-°m-°n-b)h\pw F∂n´v am¿K-Z¿i\w sNbvX, hgn Imńb !4!
]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® (D¬]m-Zn-∏n-®)h\pw ta®¬ ÿm\w (k-kym-Zn-
I-sf) !5! F∂n´v AXns\ B°n Nh-dv, DW-°¬ Ccp-≠-Xv,
Nmº¬ h¿W-am-bXv
c≠pw aq∂pw hN-\-ß-fnse Bi-b-sØ-°p-dn®v kqd: C≥^n-Xzm¿ 7, 8;
kqd:A_k 19, 20; kqd: Xzmlm 50 apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
Hmtcm hkvXp-hn\pw AX-Xns‚ cq]w, {]Ir-Xn, BIr-Xn, kz`mhw BZn-bmb Imcy-
ßƒ hyh-ÿ-s∏-SpØn krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-I-bpw, AX-Xn-∂m-h-iyhpw A\p-tbm-Py-
hp-amb am¿K-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-Ibpw, I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ apX-emb P¥p-Po-hn-
Iƒs°√mw ta™p-Xn-∂p-hm-\p-X-Ip∂ kkym-Zn-Isf D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, ]n∂oSv
Ah ]®-h¿W-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\p-tijw Ahsb DW°n Nmº¬ h¿W-Ønepw Icn-
ºn≥ h¿W-Øn-ep-ap≈ N≠nbpw Nh-dp-am-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥ Btcm
Ah-s‚˛ AsX, AXyp-∂X - \
- mb B GI c£n-Xm-hns‚ ˛\maw {]Io¿Ø\w sNøp-
hm\pw, Ahs\ hmgvØp-hm\pw A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂p.
º«¶©dG ∂HQ º°SÉH íÑ°ùa (\ns‚ alm-\mb d∫ns‚ \masØ kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-
I) F∂v (kqd: hmIznAxbn¬) Ah-Xc - n-®t- ∏mƒ, AXv \nßƒ \nß-fpsS "dpIqC'¬
B°n-s°m-≈p-hn≥ F∂pw (\ns‚ AXyp-∂-X-\mb d∫ns‚
\masØ kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-I) F∂v (Cu kqd-Øn¬) Ah-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ,
AXv \nß- f psS "kpPqZn'¬ B°n- s °m- ≈ pI F∂pw \_n ]d- ™ - X mbn
DIzv_Øp_v\p Bandn (d)¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. (A; Zm; P) CX-\p-k-
- n¬ "dpIqC'¬ º«p¶©n dG »uHQn ¿n ÉnëÑr °o S (Fs‚ alm-\mb d∫n\v kvtXm{X-
cn-®mWv \a-kvIm-cØ
Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p) F∂pw, "kpPqZn'¬ ≈n∏rY’G »pHnQ ¿ÉnërÑo°S (A-Xyp-∂-X-\mb d∫n\v
kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p) F∂pw \mw sNm√n-h-cp-∂-Xv)
!6! \n\°v \mw HmXn-Øcmw;

AXn-\m¬ \o ad∂p t]mIp-∂-X√;
!7! ˛A-√mlp Dt±-in-®-sXm-gn-
sI. \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah≥ ]c-
kyhpw Ahy-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw
Adn-bp-∂p.
!8! IqSp-X¬ kpK-aa
- m-bX
- n-te-°v
\n\°v \mw kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-
cp-∂-Xp-amWv
5330
!6! \n\°v \mw HmXn-Ø-cmw, \ns∂ HmXn°mw AXn-\m¬
(A-t∏mƒ) \o ad-°p-I-bn√ !7! HgnsI A√mlp Dt±-in-®Xv
\n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ Adnbpw ]ckyw, Dd-s°-bp-≈Xv bmsXm∂pw
Ahy-‡-am-Ip∂ (a-d-™p-t]m-Ip-∂) !8! \n\°v \mw Ffp-∏-am°p (ku-
I-cy-s∏-Sp-Øp)-Ibpw sNøpw IqSp-X¬ (G-‰-hpw) Ffp∏ (kp-K-a)-am-b-Xn-
te°v
˜
\_n °v Ah-X-cn-°p∂ hlvbpI-sfm-∂pw-X-s∂˛ AXv Izp¿-B-\m-I-s´, A√m-
Ø-Xm-I-s´ ad∂p t]mIm-Xn-cn-°-Ø-°-hÆw ae-°v -ap-tJ\ A√mlp Xncp-ta-\n°v
HmXn-s°m-SpØp a\- n¬ Dd-∏n®p sImSp-°p-sa-∂pw, ]nt∂°v Hm¿a-sh-®n-cn-t°-
≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√mØ `mK-ßƒ h√Xpw AXn¬ Ds≠-¶n¬ B `mKw A√mlp
ad-∏n-®p-Iq-Sm-bvI-bn-s√-∂pw, AXp \nanØw tZmj-sam∂pw kw`-hn-°m-\n-s√∂pw
˜
A√mlp \_n sb DW¿Øp-∂p. A√mlp F√m cl-ky-]-c-ky-ßfpw Adn-bp-
∂-h-\m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Hcp Imcyhpw Ahs‚ {i≤-bn¬\n∂v hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-X√
F∂v kam-[m-\n-∏n-°bpw sNøp-∂p. da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn¬ F√m cm{Xnbpw Pn_vco¬
\_n (A)sb kµ¿in-°epw Izp¿-B≥ ]mTw t\m°epw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv
ChnsS {]kvXm-hy-am-Wv. aX-kw-_-‘-am-bpw, {]t_m-[-\-kw-_-‘-ambpw IqSp-X¬
˜
Ffp-∏hpw kpK-a-hp-amb am¿K-ßƒ \_n °v Xpd∂p In´p-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw
D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-sa-∂p-IqSn CtXm-sSm∏w A√mlp hmKvZm-\hpw \¬Ip-∂p.
!9! BI-bm¬, \o D]-tZ-in-®p-

sIm-≈p-I, D]-tZiw ê-s∏-Sp-∂p-
sh-¶n¬.
!10! (A-√m-lp-hn-s\) `b-s∏-Sp-
∂h¿ D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈p-
∂-Xm-Wv.
!9! BI-bm¬ \o D]-tZ-in-°p-I, Hm¿an-∏n-°pI D]-Im-c-s∏-s´-
¶n¬, êw sNøp-sa-¶n¬ D]-tZ-iw, kvacW !10! D]-tZiw kzoI-
cn®p (Hm¿an-®p)-sIm≈pw `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥
D]-tZiw ê-s∏-t´-°p-sa∂v tXm∂p-∂n-SØv D]-tZiw \¬I-W-sa-∂pw, ê-
s∏-Sp-∂-X-s√∂v ImWp-∂n-SØv AXv th≠-Xn-s√∂pw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
a¬k-c-_p-≤n-bpw, Zp¿hm-inbpw D≈-h-sc-bpw, F¥p-Xs∂ tI´mepw Xßƒ kzoI-
cn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xn\v hyXy-kvX-ambn as‰m-∂n-s\-°p-dn®pw Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dn-√m-Ø-
h-scbpw D]-tZ-in-®n´v Imcy-an-√-t√m. C_v\p IYo¿ (d) DW¿Øn-b-Xp-t]m-se, P\-
ßƒ°v D]-tZiw \¬Ip∂ Bfp-Iƒ Adn-™n-cn-t°-≠p∂ Hcp acym-Z-bm-Wn-Xv.
AsX, Bi°v hgn-Im-Wp-∂n-SØv D]-tZiw sNøp-I, A√m-Øn-SØv AXn\v apXn-
cm-Xn-cn-°p-I. Aen (d) C{]-Imcw ]d-™-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂p: "P\-ß-
tfmSv Ah¿°v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-I. A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw
5331
Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw hymP-am-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ CjvS-s∏-Sptam?!' AY-hm, P\-
ßƒ°v {Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØXv ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ AXv kXy-\n-tj-[-Øn-
\pw, Ipg-∏-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-Ip-I-bm-Wp-≠m-hpI F∂v kmcw. kZp-]-tZiw ê-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv B¿°m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-s\-
°p-dn®pw Xs‚ `mhn F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw `b-∏m-Sp-≈-h¿°v am{Xta
AXv D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q. Cu c≠v Xpd-bnepw Nn¥n-°msX lrZbw ac-hn-®-
h\v GXv D]-tZ-ihpw {]tbm-P\- s
- ∏-Sp-∂X
- √
- . D]-tZiw tIƒ°m≥ Xøm-dn-√mØhs‚
ÿnXn F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v XpS¿∂v Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
!11! G‰hpw `mKyw- s I- ´ - h ≥

AXns\ [D]-tZ-isØ] hn´-I-∂p-
t]m-Ip-∂-XmWv;˛
!12! (A-sX) G‰hpw henb
A·n-bn¬ IS-s∂-cn-bp-∂-h≥.
! 13! ]n∂oSv AXn¬sh®v
Ah≥ ac-W-a-S-bp-I-bn-√, Pohn-°p-
I-bp-an-√.
!11! AXns\ hn´-I∂v (sh-Sn-™p) \n¬°pw G‰hpw `mKyw-
sI-´-h≥ !12! AXmbXv IS∂p Icn-bp-∂-h≥ G‰hpw
henb (h-ºn-®) A·n-bn¬ !13! ]ns∂ Ah≥ ac-W-s∏-Sp-I-bn√
AXn¬ Pohn-°-bp-an√
kz¥w c£°pw imizX hnP-b-Øn\pw Bh-iy-am-b-Xpw, bmsXmcp {]Xn-^-
ehpw IqSmsX e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb D]-tZ-i-ßƒ I¬]n-®p-Iq-ń Xn-c-kvI-
cn-°p-I-bpw, Aßs\ A·n-I-fn¬sh®v G‰hpw hºn® A·n°v Cc-bm-tI-≠n-h-cn-
Ibpw sNbvX-h-s\-°mƒ `mKyw-sI-´-h≥ a‰m-cp≠v? B A·n-bn¬ {]th-in-®p-I-gn-
™m¬, ]ns∂ AXns‚ ImTn-\yw-sIm-s≠-¶nepw Hcn-°¬ Ah\v acWw kw`-hn-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, AtXmsS in£ Ah-km-\n-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]t£, AXn¬ acWw kw`-hn-°p-∂-tX-b-√. F∂m¬ ]ns∂, AXn¬ Ah≥ Pohn-
®n-cn-°p-I-bmtWm sNøpI? AXpw ]d-™p-Iq-Sm. Imc-Ww, Aev]-sa-¶nepw Bizm-
ktam hn{i-atam e`n-°msX Imem-Im-ew˛ Hgn-hn-√m-sX˛ in£ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-
t≠-bn-cn°pw. AsX, Ahcn¬ acWw hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. F∂m-e-h¿°v ac-W-
s∏-´p-t]m-Imam-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚ in£-bn¬\n∂v Ah¿°v eLq-I-cWw \¬I-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xp-a-√.' (kqd: ^mXzn¿ 36) A√mlp \sΩ ImØp-c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥.
14. Xo¿®-bmbpw, (B-fl) ]cn-

ip≤n t\Sn-b-h≥ `mKyw {]m]n-®p.
5332
15. Xs‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ \maw
kvacn-°p-Ibpw F∂n´v \a-kvI-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvX(-h≥).
!14! Xo¿®-bmbpw `mKyw {]m]n-®p, hnP-bn®p ]cn-ip-≤-am-b-
h≥, A`n-hr-≤n-b-S-™-h≥ !15! Hm¿°pI (kva-cn-°p-I˛ Io¿Ø\w
sNbvI)bpw sNbvX Xs‚ d∫ns‚ \maw F∂n´v \a-kv°-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvX
Ahn-izm-khpw Im]-Syhpw IqSmsX lrZbw kwip-≤-am-Ip-Ibpw A√m-lp-hn-
s\-°p-dn®v t_m[hpw hnNm-chpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw, B ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A√m-
lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw ˛hn-injym \a-kv°m-c-I¿aw \n¿h-ln-°p-I-bpw˛ sNbvX-
h-cmtcm Ah-cs{X `mKy-hm≥amcpw hnP-bn-I-fpw. A√m-Ø-htcm? Zp¿`m-Ky-hm≥amcpw
]cm-Pn-X-cpw.
(X-k°
- m) F∂ hm°n\v "A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p, hf¿∂p, ]cn-ip-≤a
- mbn' Fs∂m-
s°-bmWv hm°¿∞w. kXy-hn-izm-kw, k¬kz-`m-hw-, ]c-tem-I-Nn-¥, k°mØv
XpS-ßnb Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ, [ym\-ßƒ, Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßƒ BZn-bm-bh aqew Df-hm-
bn-Øo-cp∂ B¥-cnI-amb ip≤nbpw Bflo-bm-`n-hr-≤n-bp-amWv Dt±-iyw.
!16! ]t£, \nßƒ sFln-I-

Po-hn-X-Øn\v {]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂p.
!17! ]c-tem-I-am-I-s´, G‰hpw
DØ-ah - pw, IqSp-X¬ tijn-°p-∂X
- p-
am-Wv.
!16! ]t£, F¶nepw, F∂m¬ \nßƒ {]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂p, Xnc-
s™-Sp-°-bmWv sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn-\v, Cl-tem-I-Po-hn-XsØ !17!
]c-tem-I-am-Is´ DØ-a-amWv G‰hpw tijn-°p∂ (_m-°n-bm-
Ip-∂)-Xp-amWv
CXmWv \nßƒ°v ]nW™ B]-Øv. \nß-fpsS kI-e-\m-i-Øn-s‚bpw
km£m¬ tlXp \nßƒ°v IqSp-X¬ KpW-I-c-hpw, G‰hpw tijn-°p-∂-Xp-amb
]c-tem-IsØ Ah-K-Wn-®-Xpw, ]Icw \iz-chpw £Wn-I-hp-amb sFln-I-Po-hn-
XsØ k¿h-{]-[m-\-am-°n-b-Xp-am-Wv.
! 18! \n›- b - a mbpw, CXv
BZysØ GSp-I-fn¬X-s∂-bp≠v;˛
!19! AXm-bX - v, C_vdm-lo-an-s‚-
bpw, aqkm-bp-sSbpw GSp-I-fn¬.
!18! \n›-b-ambpw CXv GSp-I-fn¬ (X-s∂) D≠v BZy-
5333
sØ, ]q¿∆ !19! AXm-bXv C_vdm-lo-ans‚ GSp-Iƒ aqkm-
bp-sSbpw
˜
apl-ΩZv Xncp-ta\n {]t_m-[\w sNøp-∂Xpw D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xp-amb Cu XXz-
kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ At±lw ]pØ-\mbn sIm≠p-h-∂-X-√. C_vdmlow \_n (A), aqkm
\_n (A) apX-em-b-h¿ sIm≠p-h∂ ap≥ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ D≈-Xp-Xs∂ F∂v
kmcw.
5334
`mKw 30 á«°TÉ¨dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 88 Kminbx
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
á«°TÉ¨dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
88.kqd-Xp¬ Kminbx
Ign™ A≤ym-b-Øns‚ {]mcw-`-Øn¬ D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿°p-

I.
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! (\-_n-tb, B) aqSp∂ kw`-
h-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\w \n\°v h∂n-
cn-°p-∂pthm?˛
!2! Nne apJßƒ A∂sØ
Znhkw (t]-Sn-®p) Xmgva ImWn-°p-
∂hbmbn-cn°pw;
!3! ]Wn-s∏´ (A-Yhm A≤zm-
\-s∏-´-h-bm-bn-cn-°pw;) £oWn-®-h-
bm-bn-cn-°pw.
!4! Ah NqtS-dnb A·n-bn¬
IS-∂p-I-cn-bp-∂-XmWv
!5! Xnf-®p-sh¥ [AXyp-jvW-
amb] Hcp Ddhv Pe- Ø n¬\n∂v
Ah¿ IpSn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!6! Ah¿°v "ZzcoC'¬\n∂-
√msX bmsXmcp `£-W-hp-an√;˛
5335
!7! AXv t]mjWw \¬Ip-I-bn-
√. hni-∏n\v ]cym-]vX-am-Ip-I-bp-an-
√.
!1! \n\°v h∂n-cn-°p-∂pthm (B) aqSp∂ kw`-h-Øns‚
h¿Ø-am\w !2! Nne apJ-ßƒ B Znhkw Xmgva Im´p-∂-h-bm-
bn-cn°pw !3! ]Wn-s∏-´h (A-≤zm-\n-®-h, t¢in-®-h) £oWn-®h (A-
≤zm-\n-®-h˛ Ipg-ßn-b-h) !4! Ah IS-s∂-cnbpw GkQÉnf Xobn¬, A·n-bn¬
NqtS-dnb !5! Ah¿ IpSn-∏n-°-s∏Spw Hcp Dd-hn¬\n∂v
Np´p-Xn-f-®, Xnf-®p-sh¥ (A-Xyp-jvW-am-b) !6! Ah¿°n√ Hcp `£-
Whpw Zzco-C¬\n-∂-√msX !7! AXv t]mjWw \¬I-bn-√,
sImgp-∏n-°-bn√ AXv ]cym-]vX-am-°pI (X-Sp-°p-I)-bp-an√ hni-
∏n¬\n∂pw, hni-∏n\v
(aqSp∂ kw`-hw) sIm≠p-t±iyw Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fm-Wv. F√m hkvXp-°-
sfbpw H∂-S¶w _m[n-°p∂ alm-hn-]-ØmbXpsIm≠v AXns\ aqSp∂ kw`hw
F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A∂sØ Znhkw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifmb Zp¿÷-\-ß-
fpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cl-Øn¬ sh®v
hfsc ]Wn-s∏´p A≤zm-\-ßfpw {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ah¿ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cn-
°pw. H∂pw Xs∂ t\cmb am¿K-Øn-ep-≈tXm `mhn c£°v DX-Ip-∂tXm Bbn-cn-
°-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ Ah-sb√mw ]mgm-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂p. Aß-s\, \c-Iw-am{Xw Ah¿°v
B[m-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. \c-I-Ønse Ah-ÿ-bm-I-s´, A√mlp hnh-cn-®Xv t]mse,
ITn-\-I-tTm-c-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
(Zz-co-Dv) F∂m¬, H´-I-ßƒ°p-t]mepw ta™p-Xn-∂p-hm≥ {]bm-k-amb
Hcp-Xcw I≈n-apƒs®-Sn-bmWv F∂v ]ecpw {]kvXm-hn-®p-Im-Wp-∂p. GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw
\c-I-Ønse hkvXp-°sf ùXn-I-h-kvXp-°-fp-ambn kmZr-iy-s∏-SpØn A\p-am\w
\SØphm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√-t√m. `£Ww ico-c-Øn\v t]mjWw \¬Ip∂-Xm-bn-cn-
°-Ww. AXn-s√-¶n¬, Npcp-ßn-b-]£w X¬°mew hni-∏n\v ]cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-
sX-¶n-ep-am-h-Ww. "ZzcoB'Is´, c≠pw sNøp-∂-X√ F∂v A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. hfsc A¿∞-K¿`-amb Hcp hnh-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-¶nepw Hcp KpWw
AXp-aqew Ah¿°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-√. Hcp tZmjw AXp-sIm≠v \oßp-hm-\p-an-√. F∂n-
cn-s°, B `£Ww Ah¿°p-≠m-Ip∂ hnhn[ in£m-h-Ip-∏p-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬
H∂p-am-{X-am-bn-cn°pw F∂s{X AXns‚ kqN-\. kqd: kzm^v^mØv 62 epw
kqd:ZpJm≥ 43 epw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ "kIzv˛Izqw' (ΩƒobnõdG) hr£-sØ-t∏m-se-bp-≈-
tXm, As√-¶n¬ ˛Nn-e¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se˛ AXp-X-s∂tbm Bbn-cn-
°mw "ZzcoDw';. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb k÷-\-ßfpsS A∂sØ
\ne F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ASp-Ø-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
5336
!8! Nne apJ-ßƒ A∂sØ
Znhkw (B-\µ - `
- c
- n-Xa
- m-bn) an\p w
]q≠-h-bm-bn-cn°pw;˛
!9! Ah-bpsS {]b-Xv\sØ (A-
h kzbw) Xr]v X n- s ∏- ´ - h - b m- b n-
cn°pw;˛
!10! (A-h) D∂-X-amb kz¿K-
Øn-em-bn-cn°pw;˛
!11! AXn¬sh®v bmsXmcp
\nc¿∞-am-bXpw (A-Yhm A\m-h-
iy-hpw) Ah tIƒ°p-∂-X-√.
!12! Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp
(X-cw) Dd-hp-Pew AXn-ep≠v;˛
!13! AXn¬ Db¿Øn-sh-°s
- ∏´
Iń-ep-I-fp≠v;˛
!14! (X-bm-dm-°n) sh°-s∏´
tIm∏-I-fp-ap≠v;˛
! 15! AWn- b mbn (\n- c - Ø n)
sh°- s ∏´ saØ- Ø - e - b n- W - I - f p-
ap≠v;
!16! hncn-®p hnXm-\n-°s
- ∏´ ]c-
h-Xm-\n-I-fp-ap-≠v.
!8! Nne apJ-ßƒ A∂v an\p w (B-\-µw˛ kuJyw˛ A\p-
{K-lw) ]q≠-h-bm-bn-cn°pw !9! Ah-bpsS {]b-Xv\-sØ, ]cn-{i-asØ
Xr]vXn-s∏-´h - m-bn-cn°pw !10!
- b kz¿K-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw - mb !11!
D∂-Xa
Ah tIƒ°-bn-√, \o tIƒ°-bn√ AXn¬ Hcp \nc¿∞-am-bXv
(A-\m-h-iyw) !12! AXn-ep≠v Dd-hp-Pew Hgp-Ip∂ !13!
AXn-ep≠v Iń-ep-Iƒ Db¿Ø-s∏´ !14! tIm∏-Ifpw
sh°-s∏´ !15! saØ-Ø-e-bn-W-Ifpw AWn (\n-c)-bmbn sh°-
s∏´ !16! ]c-h-Xm-\n-Ifpw hncn° (]-c-Ø˛ hnXm-\n-°)-s∏´
Zp¿P-\-ßƒ Cl-Øn¬sh®v sNbvXn-cp∂ {]b-Xv\-ß-sf√mw A∂v ]mgm-bn-

5337
Øo- c p- ∂ - X m- W v . F∂m¬, k÷- \ - ß - f psS {]b- X v \ - ß ƒ Aß- s \- b - √ . Ah
k¬°¿a-ßfpw t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-bXpw Bbn-cn-°-s°m≠v Ah aqew
Xßƒ°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ al-Ømb {]Xn-^-e-ßƒ I≠v Ah-cpsS apJØv
B\µw hnf-bm-Spw. AXn¬ Ah¿°v \√ kwXr-]vXnbpw k¥p-jvSnbpw D≠m-Ip-
Ibpw sNøpw. bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ A\m-h-iy-Øn-s‚tbm A\n-jvS-Øn-s‚tbm
hm°m-I-s´, kw`-h-am-I-s´, tIƒ°m≥ AhnsS Ah¿°v CS-h-cp-∂-X-√. A√mlp
h¿Wn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ k¿h-hn[ kpJm-Uw-c-_c kuI-cy-ß-fm¬ A\p-Kr-lo-
X-amb B D∂X kz¿K-Øn¬ Ah¿°v imizX PohnXw \¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.
!17! F∂m¬, Ah¿ H´-I-Øn-

te°v t\m°p-∂n-t√, AsX-ßs\
krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v?!˛
!18! BIm-i-Øn-te°v, AsX-

ßs\ Db¿Ø- s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p-
sh∂pw?!
!19! ]¿∆-X-ß-fn-te°v, Ah
Fßs\ \mń-sh-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-
sh∂pw?!
! 20! `qan- b n- t e°v, AXv
Fßs\ ]c- Ø - s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p-
sh∂pw (t\m-°p-∂n-t√)?!
!17! F∂m¬ Ah¿ t\m°p- ∂ nt√ H´- I - Ø n- t e°v
Fß-s\, F{]-Im-c-amWv AXv krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p (F-∂v) !18!
BIm-i-Øn-te°pw Fßs\ AXv Db¿Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p
(sh-∂v) !19! ae-I-fn-te°pw Fß-s\-bmWv AXv \m´
(ÿm-]n-°)-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p(-sh-∂v) !20! `qan-bn-te°pw Fßs\
AXv ]c-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p (sh-∂v)
Xpf™ _p≤ntbm Ihn™ ]Tnt∏m H∂p-an-√mØ km[m-cW P\-ßƒ°v
t]mepw kp]-cn-Nn-X-hpw, Nn¥n-®-dn-bp-hm≥ t]mcp-∂-Xp-amb Nne \nXyZr-jvSm-¥-
ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-ń-s°m≠v A√mlp a\p-jy-{i-≤sb Xń- DW¿Øp-Ib - m-Wv. ta¬t]m-
´p-t\m-°n-bm¬ ImWp∂ BIm-iw, \mep-]mSpw t\m°n-bm¬ ImWp∂ ]¿h-X-ßƒ,
Iogvt]m´v t\m°n-bm¬ ImWp∂ `qan, kp]-cn-Nn-Xhpw Ad-_n-I-fpsS \ntXym-]-
tbmK hkvXp-hmb HÍw F∂nßs\-bp-≈-hsb B¿ krjvSn®p? Hmtcm∂pw F{X
ka¿∞hpw Iem-]-c-hp-amb coXn-bn-emWv \n¿an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv? Hmtcm∂pw F{X-
am{Xw {]tbm-P\- I
- c
- a
- mb hyh-ÿb
- n-emWv kwhn-[m\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv? Hmtcm-
∂nepw ASßnb krjvSn-c-l-ky-ßƒ Fs¥m-s°-bmWv? CsX√mw \nb-{¥n®p
5338
ssIImcyw \S-Øp∂ i‡n GXmWv? F∂n-XymZn Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n Ah-c-h-cpsS
_p≤n-°-\p-k-cn®v Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p∂ GsXmcp \njvI-f-¶ lrZ-b-∂pw A√m-
lp-hns‚ al-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®pw, Ahs‚ k¿∆-⁄-X, km¿h-{Xn-I-amb Ignhv BZn-
bm-b al¬Kp-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw t_m[w hcm-Xn-cn-°-bn√. AXp-h-gn, ]c-tem-Iw,
ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-Xw F∂n-h-bpsS km[yX kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cn-I-bpw, IqSp-X¬
At\z-jn-®-dn-bp-hm-\p≈ t{]cW kwPm-X-am-Ip-I-bpw, Aßs\ ssZhnI ktµ-i-
ßƒ tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Ah kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v hnLmXw D≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw.
AXm, Zzpam-ap_v\p YAve_x (`°VQ - áÑ∏©K øH ΩÉª°V)bpsS kw`hw CXn-s\mcp DZm-
l-c-W-am-Wv. acp-`q-hm-kn-I-fmb Hcp Ad_n tKm{X-Ønse Xe-h-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-
lw. acp-`q-an-I-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ad-_n-Iƒ tIhew A]-cn-jvIr-Xcpw ]cp-°≥
kz`m-h-°m-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v {]kn-≤-am-Wv. kw`-h-Øns‚ \nth-Z-I-\mb A\kv
(d) s‚ hmN-I-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ At±-l-sØ-∏‰n a\- n-em-°mw. A\kv (d) ]d-
bp∂p:˛
˜
dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n -tbmSv Fs¥-¶nepw (A-{]-[m-\-am-b) tNmZyw sNøp-∂Xv
hntcm-[n-°s - ∏-ń-cp-∂X
- p-sIm≠v acp-`q-hm-kn-If
- n¬ _p≤n-bp≈ h√ a\p-jy\pw h∂p
˜
\_n t- bmSv Fs¥-¶nepw tNmZn-°p-∂Xpw AXv tIƒ°p-∂Xpw Rßƒ°v kt¥m-
j-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aß-s\, Hcmƒ h∂v tNmZn-°-bp-≠mbn:
apl-Ω-tZ, Xm¶-fpsS Hcp ZqX≥ Rß-fpsS ASp-°¬h∂p Xm¶sf A√mlp
Ahs‚ dkq-embn \ntbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Xm¶ƒ hmZn-°p-∂-Xmbn ]d-™p.
(CXv kXy-amtWm)?
Xncp-ta\n: kXy-am-Wv.
At±lw: F∂m¬, BImiw krjvSn-®Xv BcmWv?
Xncp-ta\n: A√m-lp.
At±lw: F∂m¬, `qan krjvSn-®Xv B¿?
At±lw: F∂m¬, Cu ae-Iƒ \mń ÿm]n-®Xpw Ah-bn-ep-≈-sX√mw D≠m-
°n-bXpw B¿?
At±lw: At∏mƒ, BIm-ihpw `qanbpw krjvSn-°p-I-bpw, Cu ae-Isf \mń
Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-h≥ Xs∂-bmW (kXyw)! A√m-lp-hmtWm Xm¶sf
ZqX-\mbn (d-kq-em-bn) Ab-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv?
Xncp-ta\n: AsX,
At±lw: Xm¶-fpsS ZqX≥ Rß-tfmSv ]d™p: Rßƒ cmhpw ]I-ep-ambn
A©p-t\cw \a-kvI-cn-°¬ Rßƒ°v IS-a-bm-sW-∂v. (hm-kvX-h-amtWm?)
Xncp-ta\n: hmkvX-h-amWv ]d-™-Xv.
5339
At±lw: F∂m¬, Xm¶sf Ab-®-h≥ Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)! A√m-lp-hmtWm
Xm¶-tfmSv AXn\v I¬]n-®Xv?
Xncp-ta\n: AsX.
At±lw: Xm¶-fpsS ZqX≥ Rß-tfmSv Rß-fpsS kzØp-°-fn¬ Rßƒ Hcp
k°mØv sImSp-t°-≠p∂ IS-a-bp-s≠∂v ]d-™p.
Xncp-ta\n: AsX.
At±lw: Xm¶sf Ab-®-h≥ Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)! A√m-lpthm Xm¶tfmSv
CXv I¬]n-®Xv?
Xncp-ta\n: AsX.
At±lw: Rß-fn¬\n∂v t]mIm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h¿°v B hońs‚ (I-Av_xbp-
sS) ASp-°¬sN∂v l÷vsN-ø¬ IS-a-bp-s≠∂v Xm¶-fpsS ZqX≥ ]d-™p.
Xncp-ta\n: hmkvX-h-amWv ]d-™-Xv.
A\-¥cw B a\p-jy≥ (t]m-Im≥) ]nt∂m°w Xncn™p Cßs\ ]d™p:
"Xm¶sf bYm¿∞-hp-ambn Ab-®-h≥ Xs∂-bmW (kXyw)! C∏-d-™-Xn¬ Rm≥
H∂pw Iq´p-Itbm Ipd-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-X-√. (Ir-Xy-ambn \n¿∆-ln-®p-sIm-≈mw)'
At∏mƒ \_n ˜ ]d™p: At±lw kXyw ]d- ™ - X m- s W- ¶ n¬ At±lw
\n›bambpw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°pw.' (A; _p; ap; Zm; P; \.) Camw apkvenans‚
\nth-Z-\-Øn¬ "Rm≥ _\q-k-AvZv tKm{X-°m-c-\mb Zzpam-ap-_v\p-Y-Ave_x-bmWv'
F∂p-IqSn At±lw ]d-™-Xmbn {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
H´-I-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-hm-\p≈ £Ww Ad-_n-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw
{]tXy-In®pw A¿∞-h-Øm-Ip-∂p. HÍw Ad-_n-I-fpsS Aaq-ey-k-º-Øm-Wv. Cu
ASp-Ø-Im-e-Ømbn ]cn-jvIr-X-hm-l-\-ßfpw ]pXnb Pohn-X-am¿K-ßfpw \ne-hn¬
h∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn H´-I-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw Atd-_y-bn¬ Ipsd-sb√mw Ipd-™n-´p-s≠-
∂Xv hmkvX-h-am-Wv. F∂mepw acp-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ HÍw C∂pw A{]-[m-\-a-√-X-
s∂. ap≥Im-esØ ÿnXn ]d-tb-≠-Xp-an-√. AXns‚ ]mepw amwkhpw Ah-cpsS
Blm-cw. tcmaw Ah-cpsS hkv{Xw. tXmem-Is´, ]e-Xcw ]m{X-ßfpw Xma-kn-°p-
hm-\p≈ Xºp-Ifpw \n¿an-°p-hm\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°pw. bm{X-I-fn¬ khm-cn-°pw,
Irjn°v sh≈w tXhm-\pw, `mc-ßƒ hln-°p-hm\pw H´-Iw-X-s∂. "acp-°-∏¬
(AGôë°üdG áæ«Ø°S)' F∂ t]cp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ H´-I-Øns‚ {]tbm-P-\-sØ-∏‰n \ap°v
Duln-°mw. sh≈hpw XW-ep-an-√mØ ˛ acp-∏® ImWm-Ø˛ IsÆ-Øp-hm≥ Ign-
bmØ ˛k-ap-{Z-k-am-\-amb aW-em-c-Wy-ß-fn¬IqSn Zo¿L-bm-{X-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥
X°-hÆw A√mlp H´-I-Øn\v sImSp-Øn-´p≈ sI¬]pw khn-ti-j-i-‡nbpw
Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI! Inńb `£-Ww-sIm-≠Xv Xr]vXn-s∏-Spw. amk-tØmfw sh≈w
IpSn-°msX Ign-™p-sIm≈pw. bP-am-\s‚ lnX-a-dn™p khn-\bw AXv s]cp-am-
dpw. h≥a-cp-`q-an-I-fn¬ k©mcw ]Xn-hm-°p∂ H´-I-Øn\v a‰v arK-ß-sf-t∏mse Zn\w-
{]Xn `£-Whpw sh≈hpw In´p-hm≥ am¿K-an-s√∂v AXns\ krjvSn®p-cq]w
\¬Inb {kjvSm-hn-\-dn-bm-a-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v sh≈w kpe-`-ambn In´p∂ Ah-k-
c-Øn¬ Iptd A[nIw sh≈w AI-Øm°n kq£n-®p-sh-°p-hm-\p≈ Nne D≈-d-
5340
Iƒ A√mlp AXn\v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ
In´p∂ `£-W-Øns‚ kØp-°ƒ tiJ-cn®p sh°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp ]Øm-bhpw
\¬Inbn-cn-°p-∂p. AXs{X H´-I-Øns‚ ]q™. aW¬]q-gn-bn-¬ B≠p-t]m-Im-Xn-
cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n Imep-Iƒ s]m°p-tºmƒ Cdp-°n-°q-Sp-Ibpw \ne-Øp-sh-°p-tºmƒ
hnI-kn®p ]c-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-dp≈ Ime-Sn-Ifpw Ah°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H´-
I-Øns‚ £abpw kl-\hpw \n o-a-am-Wv. Imep-sIń \ne-Øp-ho-gvØm-sX˛ \n∂-
\n-e-bn¬ Xs∂˛ AXns\ Adp-Øp-ho-gvØp-hm≥ AXv IgpØp \oń-s°m-Sp-°pw.
CsX√mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp Ad-_n-hn-Z-Kv≤-s‚-tbm, BtKm-f-im-kv{X-⁄≥am-
cp-sStbm I≠p-]n-Sp-Øtam Bkq-{X-Wtam A√. As√-¶n¬ s]s´-s∂mcp kp{]-
`m-X-Øn¬ {]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n® Hcp {]Ir-Xn-bpsS hnIr-Xnbpw A√. F√mw
krjvSn®p hyh-ÿ-s∏-SpØn AX-Xn\v th≠p∂ am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Inb A√m-lp-
hns‚ am{Xw {]h¿Ø\w! Cß-s\-bp≈ \nXy-k-Xy-ß-fm-Ip∂ ZrjvSm¥-ß-fn¬
˜
Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ a\p-jysc £Wn-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp \_n -tbmSv ]d-bp∂p:˛
!21! AXn-\m¬, (\-_n-tb) \o

D]-tZ-in-®p-sIm-≈p-I. \n›-b-am-
bpw, \o Hcp D]-tZ-jvSmhv am{X-am-
Ip∂p;˛
!22! \o Ah-cn¬ A[n-Imcw
sNep-Øp-∂-h-s\m-∂p-a-√.
!23! (]t£) Xncn-™p-t]m-Ip-
I-bpw, Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-
h-s\m-gnsI;˛
!24! F∂m¬, Ahs\ A√mlp
G‰hpw henb in£ in£n-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv.
!25! \n›- b - a m- b pw, \ΩpsS
ASp-°-te-°mWv Ah-cpsS aS-ßn-
h-c-hv.
!26! ]ns∂, \ΩpsS ta¬ (_m-
[y-X) Xs∂-bmWv Ah-cpsS hnNm-
c- W . [AXv \mw \S-Øp-I-Xs∂
sNøpw.]
!21! BI-bm¬ \o Hm¿an-∏n-°pI (D-]-tZ-in-°p-I) \n›-b-ambpw

\o Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ (D-]-tZ-jvSm-hv) am{Xw !22! \ob√ Ah-cp-
5341
sS-ta¬ Hcp A[n-Imcw \S-Øp-∂-h≥ !23! HgnsI Xncn-™p-
t]m-b-h≥ Ahn-iz-kn-°bpw sNbvX !24! F∂m-e-hs\ in£n°pw
A√mlp G‰hpw henb in£ !25! \n›-b-ambpw \Ωn-
te-°mWv Ah-cpsS aS-ßn-h-chv !26! ]ns∂ \Ωp-sS-ta¬ Xs∂-
bmWv (_m-[y-X) Ah-cpsS hnNm-cW
\_n ˜
Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn Camw AlvaZv (d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:
"Adn-t™-°pI: \nß-sf-√m-hcpw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°pw, HÍw AXns‚
Bƒ°m-tcmSv hnc-t≠m-Sp∂ {]Imcw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv hnc-t≠m-Sn-b-h-scm-gn-sI.'
∂eôch ∂æÃ ∂àæL Éæ∏NOGh ÉæHÉ°ùM Éædô°ùj º¡∏dG
5342
`mKw 30 ôéØdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 89 ^Pv¿
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ôéØdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
89.kqd-Xp¬ ^Pv¿
Øn¬.
!1! {]`mXw Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
!2! ]Øv cm{Xn-Iƒ Xs∂-bmW
(k-Xyw)!
!3! Cc-´bpw H‰bpw Xs∂-bmW
(k-Xyw)!
!4! cm{Xn AXp-X-s∂-bmW (k-
Xyw), AXv Ncn®p sIm≠n-cn-s°.
!5! AXn¬ [ta¬∏-d-™-Xn¬]
Imcy-t_m-[a - \v kXyw [kXy-
- p-≈h
Øn\v hI] Dt≠m?!
!1! {]`mXw Xs∂-bmW !2! cm{Xn-Ifpw Xs∂-bmW ]Øv
!3! Cc´ (C-W-bm-bXv) Xs∂-bmW H‰bpw !4! cm{Xn-X-s∂-
bmW AXv Ncn°p (\-S-°p)-tºmƒ !5! AXn-ept≠m kXyw,
i]Yw _p≤n (Im-cy-t_m-[w) D≈-h-cmWv
D≠v. kXyw aptJ\ ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Imcy-ßƒ hmkvX-h-sa∂v Imcy-
t_m[hpw _p≤nbpw D≈-h¿°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Cu kXy-ß-fn¬ XnI®pw hI-
bp≠v F∂v kmcw. ta¬I≠ A¿∞-K¿`-ß-fmb A©v kXy-hm-N-I-ßƒ aptJ\
5343
ÿm]n-°p∂ Imcyw˛ AXv C∂-Xm-sW∂v {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-bm-sX-X-s∂˛
hy‡-am-Wv. Xmsg hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v AXv a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNømw. AsX, ac-
Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hnXw, AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnNm-c-W, c£m-in-£-Iƒ apX-emb
bmYm¿∞y-ßƒX-s∂.
1 ˛masØ kXyw {]`m-Xw-sIm-≠m-Wv. cm{Xn-bpsS Ccp´v Ah-km-\n®p ]I¬
shfn-®w Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv {]`mXw apX¬°m-W-t√m. AtXmsS temIØv kw`-hn-
°p∂ {]Ir-Xn-am-‰ß- f
- pw, a\p-jy-cS- °
- a
- p≈ Pohn-If
- n¬ D≠m-Ip∂ ÿnXn-am-‰ß
- fpw
Ipd-s®m-∂p-a-√. AtX-hsc ac-W-k-am-\-amb \n{Z-bn-em≠v InS-∂n-cp∂ icocßƒ
Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p-∂p. \nt›-jvS-am-bn-cp∂ C{µnb i‡n-Iƒ°v \h-t_m[w
kwPmX-am-Ip-∂p. Bflm-hn\v Hcp ]pXnb DW¿∆p-≠m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. CXp-t]m-se,
Cu Pohn-X-Øn-\p-tijw ac-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]q¿h-ÿn-Xn-bn¬\n∂v F√m \ne°pw
hyXy-kvX-am-b˛ IqSp-X¬ hkvXp-\n-jvT-am-b˛ as‰mcp PohnXw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂p. Cu
bmYm¿∞y-Øn-te°v {]`m-X-Ønse am‰-ßƒ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p.
]Øv cm{Xn-I-sf-sIm-≠mWv ASpØ kXyw. Ch GXm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°-s∏-
ń-ń-√, apl¿dam-kØ
- nse BZysØ ]Øv Znh-kß - f
- m-sW-∂pw, da-Zm≥ amk-Ønse
HSp-hn-esØ ]Øv Znh-k-ß-fm-sW∂pw AX-Xns‚ Nne khn-ti-j-X-Isf ap≥\n-
dpØn Nne¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw ap≥Km-an-Ifpw ]n≥Km-an-I-fp-amb
Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ an°-hmdpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw, IqSp-X¬ icn-bmbn
tXm∂p-∂Xpw Zp¬l-÷p-am-k-Ønse BZysØ ]Øv Znh-k-ß-fm-sW-∂-s{X.
l÷p-I¿a-Øns‚ {][m\ C\-ßs - f√mw \S°p-∂Xv A∂m-Wt- √m. Ah-bpsS ]n∂n-
ep≈ Ncn-{X-{]-[m-\-ß-fmb al¬kw-`-h-ßfpw AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ sIm√w-
tXmdpw BN-cn-°-s∏-´p-h-cp∂ kvac-W-Ifpw Ad-_n-Iƒs°√mw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-
am-Wv. B Znh-k-ßƒ Pmln-en-ø-Ønepw Ckvemanepw BZ-c-Wob Znh-k-ß-fp-am-
Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, B Znh-kß - s
- f-s°m≠v BW-bn-Sp-∂Xv Ad-_n-If - psS {i≤ {]tXy-
I-am-bpw, a‰p-≈-h-cptSXv s]mXp-hnepw BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ DX-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
\_n ˜ Zp¬l-÷nse ]Øv Znh-k-ß-sf-°p-dn®v C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®bvXp:
"GXv Znh-k-ß-fn¬ k¬°¿aw sNøp-∂Xpw Cu Znh-k-ß-fn¬ sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ
A√m-lp-hn-¶t- e°v CjvSs- ∏-´X
- m-bn-cn-°b
- n-√.' CXp-tI-´t- ∏mƒ: "A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ kacw sNøp-∂X - p-t]mepw Bbn-cn-°p-Ib - nt√?' F∂v kzlm-_n-Iƒ tNmZn®p.
Xncp-ta\n Cßs\ DØcw ]d™p: "A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøepw
Bhp-I-bn-√. ]t£, Xs‚ tZlhpw [\hpw sIm≠v t]mbn´v Ah-bn¬ H∂p-t]mepw
aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cmØ (Po-h\pw [\hpw _en-b¿∏n®) a\p-jy-s\m-gnsI .' (A;
_p.)
Cc-´bpw H‰bpw ˛A-Yhm CW-bp-≈Xpw CW-bn-√m-Ø-Xpw˛ sIm≠mWv ASpØ
c≠v kXy-ßƒ. c≠p-sIm≠v `mKn-®m¬ injvSw hcmØ FÆ-ßƒ°v Cc´ ( )
F∂pw A√m-Ø-Xn\v H‰ ( ) F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. (*) At∏mƒ Cu c≠v C\-ß-
fn¬ s]Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ hkvXp-°-sfm∂pw Cs√∂v ImWmw. as‰mcp hn[-
(*) H‰-bm-bXv F∂¿∞-Øn¬ "hXv¿' F∂pw, "hnXv¿' F∂pw (ôrJph ,ôrJnh ) D]-
tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v.
5344
Øn¬ t\m°p-tºmƒ bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ CW-tbm, Xpey-X-tbm, kuay-X-tbm,
H∂p-an-√mØ F√m\n-e°pw ]cn-]q¿W-ambn H‰-bm-bp-≈Xv A√mlp am{X-ta-bp-
≈q. Ahs‚ kØ-bn-em-I-s´, KpW-ß-fn-em-Is´ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-em-Is´ Ah\v
CWbpw XpWbpw ]¶pw C√. Ah-\-√m-sX-bp≈ hkvXp-°ƒ AYhm krjvSn-Iƒ˛
F√mw-Xs∂ Hc¿∞-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-c¿∞-Øn¬ CcÍ-fm-bn-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ, Cu
kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fpsS hnim-e-Xbpw AKm-[-Xbpw Gsd Duln-°m-a-t√m. Hcp \_n-h-N\w
ChnsS {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip∂p: "A√mlp H‰-bm-Wv. Ah≥ H‰sb CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. BI-
bm¬ Izp¿-Bs‚ Bƒ°m-tc, \nßƒ "hnXv¿' \a-kvImcw (*) sNøp-hn≥' (Zm; Xn.)
H‰-sIm-≠p-t±iyw H‰ dIv-A-Ømbn \a-kvI-cn-°p∂ "hnXv¿ \a-kvIm-cam'sW∂pw,
Cc-´-sIm-≠p-t±iyw a‰p≈ \a-kvIm-c-ß-fm-sW∂pw Nne¿°-`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. hmkvX-
h-Øn¬ CXpw CXp-t]m-se-bp-≈-Xp-amb A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ H‰°pw Cc-´°pw Nne
DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ am{X-am-Ip-∂p.
kqd: Zmcn-bmØv 49 ¬ A√mlp C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "F√m hkvXp-°-fn¬
\n∂pw \mw c≠v CW-Isf krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.' lk≥ _kzcn (d), sskZp_v\p Akvew
(d) F∂n-h¿ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Hcp cnhm-bØv ImWmw: krjvSn-I-sf√mw Cc-´bpw H‰-
bp-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp Ahs‚ krjvSn-I-sf-s°m≠v kXyw sNbvXn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. apPm-
lnZv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Hcp cnhm-bØv Cß-s\bpw h∂n-´p≠v: "A√mlp H‰-bm-Wv,
Ahs‚ krjvSn-Iƒ Cc-´bpw (A-Yhm CW-bp-≈Xpw) BIp-∂p.' CsX√mw IW-°n-
se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv \mw apI-fn¬ Cc-´°pw H‰°pw \¬Inb hnh-c-Ww.
A©m-asØ kXyw Ncn-°p∂ Ah-kc - Ø
- n¬ cm{Xn-sb-s°m-≠m-W.v Ncn-°pI F∂Xv
cm{Xn-bpsS hc-hn-s\-tbm, t]m°n-s\tbm As√-¶n¬ AXv \oßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-
s\tbm Dt±-in®v ]d-™X - m-hmw. {]`mXw cm{Xn-bpsS Ah-km-\sØ Ipdn-°p∂ ÿnXn°v
ChnsS AXns‚ {]mcw-`sØ ˛h-c-hn-s\˛ Ipdn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv IqSp-X¬
km[yX tXm∂p-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. {]`m-X-sØ-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]mse
At\Iw am‰-ßƒ cm{Xn-aqehpw temIØv kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-h-t√m. Ah-sb-
∏‰n Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-hm-\pw, AXp-hgn Izp¿-B≥ {]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ bmYm¿∞y-
ßsf a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw CXpw D]-I-cn-°p-∂Xv Xs∂. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ Nne
Ncn-{X-Zr-jvSm-¥-ßsf A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
!6! \ns‚ c£n-Xmhv "BZn'-s\-

s°m≠v F{]-Imcw sNbvXp-sh∂v
\o I≠nt√?!˛
! 7! AXm- b Xv XqWns‚
Bƒ°m-cmb "Cdap' (tKm-{Xw);
!8! (A-sX) cmPy-ß-fn¬ AXp-
t]m-se-bp-≈-h¿ krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-ń-
(*) H∂v, aq∂v F∂n-ßs\ H‰-bmb dIv-A-Øp-sIm≠v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂

cm{Xn-bnse kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-amWv "hnXv¿ \a-kvImcw'.
5345
√mØ (B tKm{Xw);˛
!9! Xmgvhc-bn¬ ]md-shń (sI-
ń- S - ß ƒ) D≠m- ° n- b - h - c mb
"YaqZn's\s°m≠pw;
!10! Ip‰n-I-fpsS Bfmb ^n¿-

Hu-s\-s°m≠pw;
!11! (A-sX) cmPy-ßf
- n¬ AXn-
{Iaw \S-Øn-b-h¿.
!12! Aß-s\, Ah¿ AXn¬
Ipg∏w h¿≤n-∏n-®p.
!13! AXn-\m¬ \ns‚ d∫v Ah-
cp- s S ta¬ in£- b psS NΩń
sNmcn-™p.
!14! \n›-b-am-bpw, \ns‚ d∫v

]Xn-ÿm-\Øv (ho-£n®p sIm≠n-
cn-°p-I) Xs∂-bmWv.
!6! \o I≠nt√ Fßs\ sNbvXp-sh∂v \ns‚ d∫v
BZn-s\-s°m≠v !7! AXm-bXv Cd-an-s\-s°m≠v XqWns‚ (kvXw-`-
Øn-s‚)-Xmb !8! krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√m-Ø-Xmb AXp-t]m-se-bp-
≈(-h¿) cmPy-ß-fn¬, \mSp-I-fn¬ !9! Yaq-Zn-s\-s°m≠pw
shń (Xp-c-∂v) D≠m-°n-b-h-cmb ]md Xmgvhc-bn¬ !10!
^n¿-Hu-s\-sIm≠pw BWn-I-fpsS Bfmb !11! AXn-{Iaw
([n-°m-cw) sNbvX-h¿ cmPy-ß-fn¬ !12! F∂n´v AXn¬ Ah¿
h¿≤n-∏n®p Ipg-∏w-, \miw !13! At∏mƒ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬
sNmcn™p \ns‚ d∫v in£-bpsS NΩń !14! \n›-b-
ambpw \ns‚ d∫v ]Xn (Im-h¬) ÿm\-Øp-Xs∂
BZvtKm-{Xw, Yaq-ZvtKm-{Xw, ^n¿-Hu\pw Bƒ°mcpw F∂n-h-sc√mw `qan-bn¬
\S-Ønb [n°m-c-Øn-s‚bpw AXns‚ ê-ambn Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h∂ in£-
bp-sSbpw Ncn-{X-ßsf H∂v Hm¿an-∏n-°pI am{X-amWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ sNbvXn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv. aq∂p-Iq-´-sc-∏-‰nbpw Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]e-t∏mgpw {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-f-f-Xm-
Wv. Cdav ( ) F∂v t]cp≈ Hcm-fpsS k¥-Xn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p BZv P\-X-sb-∂pw,
5346
AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah¿°v "Cdav' Fs∂mcp h¿K-t∏-cp-≠m-b-sX-∂p-amWv ]e
hymJym-Xm-°fpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]nXm-als‚ t]¿ tKm{X-Øn-s‚-bpw, hwi-Øn-s‚bpw
t]cmbn kzoI-cn-°¬ Ad-_n-I-fpsS ]mc-ºcy ]Xn-hp-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS {][m\ ]´-
W-Øn-s‚-tbm, hmk-ÿ-e-Øn-s‚tbm t]cmbn-cp∂p AsX∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-
≠v. cmPy-Øns‚ t]cnepw tKm{X-ßƒ Adn-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v-Xm-\pw. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
(Xq-Wns‚ Bfp-Iƒ) F∂v "BZn's\ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw
kqd: ipA-dm-Dv 128 ¬ \n∂pw AXns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. Db¿∂
Ip∂p-I-fnepw a‰pw A\m-h-iy-ambn D∂-X-kvXw-`-ßfpw sIń-S-ßfpw Ah¿ \n¿an-
®n-cp-∂-Xmbn AhnsS {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS Xmakw Db¿∂ XqÏm-
ep-I-fn¬ sIń-bp-≠m-°nb Xºp-I-fn-em-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Aßs\ ]d-™-sX-
∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. GXm-bmepw hep-∏-Ønepw Iøq-°nepw \nkvXp-ey-cm-bn-cp∂p
B P\-X. AXmWv 8 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hºn® ]md-Iƒ
shń-Øp-c∂v hoSpw sIń-Shpw \n¿an-°pI YaqZv tKm{X-Øns‚ ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.
AXmWv 9 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. (Ip-‰n-I-fpsS Bƒ) F∂v
^n¿-Hus\ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw Ahs‚ A[n-Im-c-i-‡nbpw a‰pw Nq≠n-
°m-Wn-°e - mWv F∂pw "Ip‰n-Iƒ' sIm≠p≈ hnh£ c≠p-aq∂v {]Im-cØ - n¬ Bbn-
cn-°m-\n-S-bp-s≠∂pw kqd: kzmZv, 12 s‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \mw apºv hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
Cu aq∂v Iqćpw sNbvX A{I-a-ß-fpsS cXv\-®p-cp-°-amWv 11, 12 hN-\-ß-fn¬
ImWp-∂-Xv. F√m-h¿°pw A\p-`-h-s∏´ in£-I-fpsS ImTn-\yhpw hep-∏hpw Nq≠n-
°m-´p-∂-XmWv 13 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ "in£-bpsS NΩnń sNmcn™p' F∂ Ae-¶m-c-
hm-Iyw. Ime-hy-Xym-ktam Xc-hy-Xym-ktam C√msX F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ÿnXn-K-Xn-
Isf F√m-bvt∏mgpw A√mlp ho£n®pw I≠-dn™pw sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂pw,
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpsS t]cnepw Ah≥ X° \S-]Sn FSp-°p-sa∂pw Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-
XmWv 14 ˛mw hN-\w.
! 15! F∂m¬ a\p- j y- t \m,
Ahs\ Ahs‚ d∫v ]co-£Ww
sNbvI-bpw, F∂n-´-hs\ BZ-cn-°p-
I- b pw, Ah\v kuJyw \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNbvXm¬˛ At∏mƒ Ah≥
]dbpw' "Fs‚ d∫v Fs∂ BZ-cn-
®n-cn-°p∂p' F∂v!
!16! F\n, Ahs\ ]co-£Ww
sNøp-I-bpw, F∂n´v Ah-s‚-ta¬
Ahs‚ D]-Po-h\w IpSp- m-°pI
[]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-I]bpw sNbvXm-
tem, At∏mƒ Ah≥ ]dbpw;
"Fs‚ d∫v Fs∂ A]-am-\n-®n-cn-
°p∂p' F∂v!
5347
!15! F∂m¬, At∏mtgm a\p-jy≥ Ahs\ ]co-£Ww
sNbvXm¬ Ahs‚ d∫v F∂n-´-hs\ BZ-cn®p Ah\v kuJyw
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp At∏m-g-h≥ ]dbpw Fs‚ d∫v Fs∂ BZ-
cn®p, am\n®p !16! At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬, F\n) Ahs\ ]co-£n-
®m¬ F∂n´v IW-°m°n (Ip-Sp- m-°n˛ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øn) Ah-s‚-ta¬
Ahs‚ D]-Po-h\w (B-lm-cw) At∏m-g-h≥ ]dbpw Fs‚ d∫v
Fs∂ A]-am-\-s∏-Sp-Øn, \nµn®p
a\p-jy-cn¬ s]mXp-hn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp kz`m-h-am-Wn-Xv. kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ
e`n-°p-tºmƒ, AXv A√m-lp-hn\v Xt∂m-Sp≈ {]tXyI kvt\lw-sIm-≠pw, X\n°v
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ {]tXyI ÿm\-ap-≈X - p-sIm≠pw e`n-®X
- m-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw,
AXn¬ A`n-am-\w-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I. t\sc-a-dn®v D]-Po-h-\-am¿K-Ønepw kpJ-
ku-I-cy-ß-fnepw Ipd-hp-h-cp-tºmƒ, Xs∂ A√mlp Ah-K-Wn-®n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw
A]-am-\n-®n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-I. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, sFln-
I-amb kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fm-I-s´, hnj-a-ß-fm-Is´ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ a\p-jy-\p≈
kvt\l-Øn-s‚tbm shdp-∏n-s‚tbm am\-Z-WvU-ambn IW-°m-°m-h-X-√.kt¥m-i-
Ønepw kuI-cy-Ønepw \µn ImWn-°p-Ibpw k¥m-]-Ønepw sRcp-°-Ønepw
£a-Im-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]£w c≠pw Ah\v KpW-I-c-am-bn-°-em-in-°pw. Cs√-
¶n¬ c≠pw tZmj-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.
!17! Aßs\ th≠! ]t£,
(A-Xn\pw ]pd-sa) \nßƒ A\m-
Ysb BZ-cn-°p-∂n-√.
!18! ]mh-s∏-´h
- s‚ `£-Ws
- Ø-
∏‰n \nßƒ ]c-kv]cw t{]m’m-
l\w \¬Ip-∂p-an-√.
! 19! A\- ¥ - c m- h - I m- i sØ
\nßƒ AS°n Iqńb Xo‰ Xn∂p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
!20! [\sØ \nßƒ Aan-X-

amb kvt\lw kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
!17! Aß-s\-b-√, th≠ ]t£, F∂m¬ \nßƒ BZ-cn-°p-
∂n-√, am\n-°p-∂n√ A\m-Y-°p-ńsb !18! \nßƒ ]c-kv]cw
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p-an√ `£-W-sØ-∏‰n km[p-hn-s‚, ]mh-s∏-´-
5348
hs‚, AK-Xn-bpsS !19! \nßƒ Xn∂p-Ibpw sNøp∂p A\-¥-c-
kzØv Hcp Xo‰, Xn∂¬ AS°n (Hcp°qń) s°m≠p≈ !20!
\nßƒ kvt\ln-°bpw sNøp∂p kzØv, [\w Hcp kvt\lw Aan-X-
am-b, ITn-\-am-b, h√msX
ta¬]-d-™-XmWv \nß-fpsS kz`m-hw. AXv \∂-√. \nßƒ th≠Xv Aß-s\-
b-√, kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fn¬ \µn-Im-Wn-°p-I-bpw, hnj-a-ß-fn¬ £a-ssI-s°m-≈p-
I-bp-amWv \nßƒ sNtø≠Xv. AXv c≠pw \nßƒ sNøp-∂n-s√∂v am{X-a-√, A\m-
Y-I-fp-sSbpw ]mh-ß-fp-sSbpw Imcy-Øn¬ \nßƒ {i≤-]-Xn-°p-∂p-an-√. GsX-¶nepw
hnt[\ kzØp-hm-cn-°qń D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bpw, [\-tØmSv Aan-X-amb tamlw-sh®v
]pe¿Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂v kmcw.
A√mlp ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn® hm°p-Iƒ {i≤n®p t\m°p-I. A\m-Y-Isf klm-
bn-°p-∂n-s√-t∂m, km[p-°ƒ°v `£Ww \¬Ip-∂n-s√t∂m A√ A√mlp ]d-
™-Xv. A\m-Y-Isf BZ-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw, km[p-°-fpsS `£-W-hn-j-b-Øn¬ ]c-
kv]cw t{]m’m-l\w \¬Ip-∂n-s√-∂p-amWv Bt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A\m-Y-Iƒ°v
`£Ww XpS-ßnb Bh-iy-ßƒ \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-Sp-Ømepw t]mc. Ahsc am\n-
°p-Ibpw BZ-cn-°p-IbpwIqSn-th-≠-Xp-≠v. km[p-°-fpsS hni-∏-S-°p-hm-\p≈
Blmcw sImSp-Ømepw t]mc, Ah-cpsS hnj-b-Øn¬ ]c-kv]cw kl-I-cn®p
Iq´mb ]cn-{i-a-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw th≠-Xp-≠v. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv AXn-e-S-ßnb
kqN-\-Iƒ.
A\ym-b-amb am¿K-ßfpw Zp m-a¿∞yhpw hgn A\-¥-cm-h-Im-in-Isf I_-fn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw A{I-an-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I, A\y-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßsf ]nSns®Sp°pI
CsX√mw C∂v ]c-s°-Im-Wm-hp∂ kz`m-h-ß-fm-Wv. [\taml-sØ-°p-dn-®pw, AXv
hmcn-°q-´p-∂-Xnepw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-ep-ap≈ Xm¬]-cy-sØ-°p-dn®pw ]d-tb-≠-Xp-
an-√. F¥v am¿Kw kzoI-cn®pw [\w kºm-Zn-°-Ww-, B¿`m-S-ambn Ign-™p-Iq-SWw
F∂ hnNm-c-amWv an° a\p-jy¿°pw D≈-Xv. Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-e-£yw-Xs∂ [\-
k-ºm-Z-\hpw BUw-_c Pohn-X-hp-amWv Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬. C∂v temIØv \S-
°p∂ A\o-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw Agn-a-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw aqe-Im-c-W-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Ah-
bn¬ Gdn-b-Iqdpw [\-tam-l-Øn¬\n∂v DSse-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cn°pw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
[\w Hcp i]n-°-s∏´ hkvXp-hm-b-Xp-sIm-≠√ CXv. ]t£, AXn\v Af-hn¬
Ihn™ {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂-Xpw, AXv \ymb-amb cq]-Øn¬ kºm-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-
∂-Xpw, hn\n-tbm-Kn-t°≠ {]Imcw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv im]-tl-Xp.
\_n ˜ ]d-bp∂p: "tl, BZ-ans‚ aI-t\, (A-Xym-hiyw Ign-®p) an®-ap-≈Xv
Nne-h-gn-°¬ \n\°v KpW-I-c-am-Wv. AXv ]nSn-®p-sh-°p-∂Xv \n\°v tZmj-I-c-hp-
am-Wv. AXym-h-iy-am-b-Xn-s\-∏‰n \o Bt£-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. \o {]mcm_v[w hln-
°p-∂-h-sc-s°m≠v \o Bcw-`n-°Ww (\o Nne-hp-sIm-Sp-t°-≠p∂ `mcym-a-°ƒ apX-
em-b-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ \o ap≥K-W\ \¬I-Ww.) tatessI (sIm-Sp-°p∂ ssI)
Xmtg-ssI-bns\ (hm-ßp∂ ssIbn-s\)°mƒ DØ-a-am-Wv.' (ap.) as‰mcp \_n-h-N-
\-Øn¬ C{]-Imcw ImWmw: "A√mlp Xs∂-bmW! Zmcn-{Zy-sØ-b√ Rm≥ \nß-
sf-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]t£, \nß-fpsS apºp-≠m-bn-cp∂h¿ hnim-e-am-°-s∏-´-
5349
Xp-t]mse \nßƒ°v sFln-I-Po-hnXw hnim-e-am-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, Aßs\ Ah¿
At\ym\yw hg-°-Sn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse \nßƒ At\ym\yw hg-°-Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-XmWv Rm≥ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ, Ahsc AXv \mi-Øn-em-°n-b-Xp-t]mse
\nß-sfbpw AXv \mi-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sp-Øn-°-f-bpw.' (_p; ap.)
!21! th≠m! ˛`qan Hcp s]mSn-

s]m-Sn-°¬ s]mSn-°-s∏-´m¬!˛
!22! \ns‚ d∫pw AWn-b-Wn-

bmbn ae-°p-Ifpw hcp-Ibpw (sN-
bvXm¬)!˛
!23! A∂v "Pl∂w' [\cIw]
sIm≠v hc- s ∏- S p- I bpw sNøpw.
A∂sØ Znh-kw, a\p-jy\v Hm¿a
hcp- ∂ - X m- W v . FhnsS \n∂mWv
Ah\v Hm¿a (h-∂-Xv)?! [F¥m-W-
Xp-sIm≠v {]tbm-P\w?!]
!24! Ah≥ ]dbpw: "Atøm!
Rm≥ Fs‚ (Cu) Pohn-X-Øn-\p-
th≠n ap≥(-Iq-ń) sNbvXp-sh-®n-cp-
s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tbs\!'
!25! At∏mƒ˛ A∂sØ Znh-
kw, Ahs‚ [A√m- l p- h ns‚]
in£ Hcmfpw in£n-°-bn√;
!26! Ahs‚ ]nSn®p _‘n-
°¬ Hcmfpw ]nSn®p _‘n-°p-∂-
Xp-a-√.
!21! th≠m, Aß-s\-b√ s]mSn-bm-°-s∏-´m¬ `qan
Hcp s]mSn-s]m-Sn-°¬ !22! hcp-Ibpw \ns‚ d∫v ae-°p-Ifpw
AWn-bWn (h-cn-h-cn)-bmbn !23! hc-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw A∂v
Pl∂w (\-c-Iw) sIm≠v A∂v, B Znhkw Hm¿an°pw
a\p-jy≥ Ah\v FhnsS \n∂mWv, Fß-s\-bmWv Hm¿a, kvac-W,
5350
D]-tZiw !24! Ah≥ ]dbpw Atøm Rm\m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
Rm≥ ap≥ sNbvXp-sh®p Fs‚ (Cu) Pohn-X-Øn-\p-th≠n, Fs‚ (I-gn-
™) Pohn-X-Øn¬ !25! At∏mƒ A∂v in£n-°-bn√ Ahs‚
in£, Ah≥ in£n°pw {]Imcw Hcmfpw !26! ]nSn®p _‘n°(sI-
´p-I)-bp-an√ Ahs‚ ]nSn®p _‘n-°¬, _‘n°pw {]Imcw Hcmfpw
`qan s]mSn-s]m-Sn-bmbn \nc-Ø-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-™Xv Iznbm-a-Øp-\mfns\ kw_-
‘n-®pw, A√m-lphpw ae-°p-Ifpw hcp-sa∂v ]d™Xv hnNm-c-Wsb kw_-‘n-®p-
am-Ip-∂p. k¿hm[n-]-Xn-bmb temI-\n-b-¥m-hns‚ apºn¬ bmsXmcp A`n-`m-j-It\m
a≤y-h¿Øntbm IqSmsX krjvSn-I-fm-I-am\w hnNm-cW \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ B L´-
Øn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ alm krjvSn-I-fmb IW-°‰ ae-°p-Iƒ hcn-h-cn-bmbn B
alm-k-Z- ns\ hebw sNbvXn-cn-°pw. Pl-∂-am-Ip∂ \cIw AhnsS {]Z¿in-∏n-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°bpw sNøpw. Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ ]m]n-bmb a\p-jy\v Ah≥ sNbvX
sX‰p-Ip-‰-ß-sf√mw Xmt\ Hm¿a-h-cpw. Atøm! Ign™ Pohn-X-Øn¬sh®v Cu Pohn-
X-Øn-\p-th≠n k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp-sh-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F{X \∂m-tbt\! F∂v
Ah≥ hne-]n-°pw. ]t£, At∏m-gsØ Hm¿a-sIm≠pw tJZw-sIm≠pw ê-sa¥v?!
in£-bn¬\n∂v Ah\v Hgn-hn-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]nSp-Ø-Øn¬\n∂v Ah\v c£-bp-
an-√. A{I-a-Ønepw A\o-Xn-bnepw Imew Ign-®p-Iq-ńb ^n¿-Hu\pw Iq´-cp-am-I-s´,
BZpw Yaq-Zp-am-I-s´, F∂p-th≠ A√mlp A√mØ Bcm-I-s´, A√m-lp-hns‚
in£°v kam-\-amb in£ in£n-°p-hm-t\m, Ah≥ ]nSn®p _‘n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
_‘n-°p-hmt\m Ign-hp-≈-h-cn-√.
\_n ˜ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn AZn-øp_v\p lmXnw (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "\nß-fn¬
Hcm-fpw-Xs∂ Ah-s‚bpw Ahs‚ d∫n-s‚bpw CSbn¬ Hcp A`n-`m-j-I-\m-I-s´,
ad-hp-≠m-°p∂ GsX-¶nepw ad-bm-Is´ H∂p-an-√msX Ahs‚ d∫v Ah-t\mSv kwkm-
cn-°m-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. At∏mƒ, Ah≥ he-tØm´v t\m°pw. Xm≥ apºv sNbvXp-sh-®-
X-√msX Ah≥ H∂pw ImWp-I-bn-√. Xs‚ CS-tØm´v t\m°pw. ap≥ sNbvXp-sh-®-
X-√msX ImWp-I-bn-√. apt∂m-´p-t\m-°pw. At∏mƒ Xs‚ apJ-Øn-\p-t\sc \c-I-a-
√msX as‰m∂pw ImWp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ Hcp Imc-°-s∏mfn ([¿aw
sNbvXp) sIms≠-¶nepw \c-I-sØ kq£n-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥.' (_p; ap.) Xncp-ta\n
{]kvXm-hn-®X - mbn C_v\p akvD- uZv (d) Cßs\ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p: "A∂sØ Znhkw
"Pl∂w' sIm≠phc-s∏-Spw. AXn\v Fgp-]-Xn-\m-bncw ISn-™m¨ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
Hmtcm ISn-™m-sWm-∂n®v Fgp-]X - n-\m-bncw ae-°p-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿ AXv
hen-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.' (ap; Xn.)
≈pJÉn«nëpd (enlbm-Øo) F∂ hm°n\v Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øn-\p-th≠n F∂pw, Fs‚
Pohn-X-Im-eØv F∂pw A¿∞w hcmw. H∂m-a-sØ-X-\p-k-cn-®v-˛ AXmWv \mw apI-
fn¬sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv˛ "PohnXw sIm≠p-t±iyw ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-hpw, c≠m-a-sØ-X-\p-
k-cn®v Dt±iyw Cl-temI Pohn-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. c≠m-bmepw Bibw H∂p-X-s∂.
a\p-jy-sc-°p-dn®v s]mXp-hn-emWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ kwkm-c-sa-¶nepw in£-sb-
°p-dn-®p≈ Xm°oXv _m[-I-am-Ip-∂Xv Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fmb Zp¿am¿Kn-Iƒ°m-bn-cn-°p-a-
t√m. k≥am¿Kn-I-fmb Bfp-Isf A√mlp kzmKXw sNøp-∂Xv t\m°pI;˛
5351
! 27! "tl, kam- [ m- \ - a S™
Bflmth!˛
! 28! Xr]v X n- s ∏- ´ p- s Im- ≠ v ,
Xr]vXn e`n-®p-sIm-≠v, \o \ns‚
c£n-Xm-hn-¶-te°v aS-ßn-s°m-≈p-
I.
!29! F∂n´v Fs‚ ASn-bm≥am-
cn¬ {]th-in-®p-sIm-≈p-I.
!30! Fs‚ kz¿K-Ønepw {]th-
in-®p-sIm-≈p-I.'
!27! tl, Bflmth kam-[m-\-a-S-™, a\- -am-[m-\-ap≈
!28! \o aS-ßn-s°m-≈pI \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te°v Xr]vXn-s∏-´p-
sIm≠v Xr]vXn-bm-°-s∏´p (Xr]vXn e`n-®p)-sIm≠v !29! F∂n´v
{]th-in-®p-sIm-≈pI Fs‚ ASn-bm≥am-cn¬ !30! {]th-in-°bpw
sNøpI Fs‚ kz¿K-Øn¬
krjvSn-®p c£n-®p-h-cp∂ d∫n¬ hniz-kn-®pw, Ahs‚ al-Xz-ßfpw ]c-tam¬Ir-
jvS-Xbpw a\- n-em-°n-bpw, Ah-s\-am{Xw Bcm-[n-®pw, Ah-t\m-Sv-am{Xw klm-b-
a¿∞n-®pw, Ahs‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Ifpw \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw A\p-k-cn-®pw, kt¥m-
j-Øn¬ \µnbpw k¥m-]Øn¬ £abpw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v sFlnI PohnXw
\bn® ip≤m-flm-°-fs{X "kam-[m-\-a-S™ Bflm-°ƒ' ( ) `b-tam,
hyk-\-tam, Bi-¶-tbm, \ncm-i-tbm, taml-`w-Ktam H∂pw Ahsc _m[n-°p-∂-X-
√. Ah-cs{X a\- -am-[m-\-a-S™ `mKy-hm≥am¿.
(a-\ v aS-ßn-b-hsc Ah≥˛ A√mlp ˛A-h-¶-te°v am¿K-Z¿i\w sNøp-∂p.

AXm-b-Xv, hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ
kam-[m-\-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-sc. Adn-t™-°pI; A√m-lp-hns‚ kvac-W-sIm-
≠mWv lrZ-b-ßƒ kam-[m-\-a-S-bp-∂Xv. (kqx dAvZv, 27, 28.) ac-W-th-f-bn-epw, Iznbm-
a-Øp-\m-fn-ep-sa-√mw-Xs∂ Cu alm-`m-Ky-hm≥am¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v kzmK-
Xhpw kt¥m-j-hm¿Øbpw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
Aßs\ d∫ns‚ kvac-W-tbm-Sp-IqSn kam-[m-\-Nn-Ø-\mbn Pohn-°p-Ibpw kam-
[m-\-Nn-Ø-\m-bn-s°m≠v ]c-tem-IØv sN√p-Ibpw sNbvX Bflm-hns\ A√mlp
hnfn®p kzmKXw sNøp-I-bmWv: \n\°v ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw Xr]vXn AS-bp-hm-\p≈
hºn® {]Xn-^-ehpw al-Ømb A\p-{K-l-ßfpw ChnsS Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-≠v. \ns∂-
5352
°p-dn®v \ns‚ d∫v \√-t]mse Xr]vXn-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. \n\-°n-hnsS t]Sn-t°-≠-
Xmtbm hyk-\n-t°-≠-Xmtbm H∂p-an-√. Xr]vXn AS™p-sIm≠pw Xr]vXn°v hnt[-
b-\m-bn-s°m≠pw Fs‚ {]oXn°v ]m{X-hm≥am-cmb k÷-\-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ \o
{]th-in-®p-sIm-≈p-I. k÷-\-ßƒ°mbn Rm≥ Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p≈ A\p-Kr-loX
kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in®p imiz-X-kuJyw A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
Cß-s\-bp≈ `mKy-hm≥am-cn¬ A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw Dƒs∏-SpØn A\p-{K-
ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
5353
`mKw 30 ~∏ÑdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 90 _eZv
5354
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
~∏ÑdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
90.kqd-Xp¬ _eZv
Øn¬.
! 1! Cu cmPysØs°m≠v
Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p;
!2! ˛\o Cu cmPy-Øn¬ A\p-
h-Z-\o-b-\mWv Xm\pw,˛
!3! P\-bn-Xm-hn-s\-bpw, AXv P-
\n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X n- s \bpw sIm≠pw
(kXyw sNøp-∂p)!˛
!4! Xo¿®-bm-bpw, a\p-jys\
t¢i- Ø n- e m- b n- s °m≠v \mw
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
!1! Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXv ]d-bp∂p Cu cmPyw sIm≠v !2!
\o (B-Ip-∂p-Xm-\pw) A\p-h-Z-\o-b≥, Cd-ßn-b-h≥ Cu cmPy-
Øn¬ !3! P\-bn-Xm-hn-s\bpw AXv P\n-∏n-®-Xn-s\bpw (sIm-≠pw)
!4! Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p a\p-jys\ t¢i-
Øn-em-bn-´v, _p≤n-ap-ń-embn
Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-®Xpw, \_n ˜ Xma-kn®p hcp-∂Xpw a°x-bn-em-bn-cp-∂-
Xp-sIm≠v "Cu cmPyw ( ) F∂v a°xsb Dt±-in®v ]d-™-Xm-sW∂v hy‡-
am-Wv. Ckveman-\p-apºv Pmln-en-øØ- nepw B cmPy-Øn\v Ad-_n-Iƒ hºn® ÿm\w
5355
I¬]n-®n-cp-∂p-h-t√m. Izpssd-in-Iƒ°v Ad-_n-I-fpsS t\Xr-ÿm\w ssIh-cp-hm-
\p≈ ImcWw Ah¿ a°x-bnse IAv_m ico-^ns‚ ]cn-Nm-c-Icpw A[n-Im-c-ÿ-
cp- a m- b n- c p∂XmWv . Cu ÿnXn°v B cmPy- s Ø- s °m≠v kXyw sNøp- ∂ Xv
apkvenwIsf am{X-a-√, apivcn°p-Isf At]-£n®pw hfsc {]m[m\yw A¿ln-°p-
∂p. ASpØ-Xm-bn, P\-bn-Xm-hn-s\-s°m-≠pw, AXv P\n-∏n-®-Xns\s°m≠pw kXyw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. "P\-bn-Xmhv' F∂v A¿∞w I¬]n® (hm-en-Zv) F∂ hm°v
amXm-hn\pw ]nXm-hn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. amXm-hns\ {]tXyIw Dt±-in-
°p-tºmƒ AXn¬ kv{XoenwK Nn”w tN¿Øv ( ) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Spw. a\p-jys‚
am{X-a√ - , CX-cP- o-hn-If
- psS P\-bn-Xm-°ƒ°pw, hy‡n-If
- psS am{X-a√, kaq-lØ
- ns‚
P\-bn-Xm-°ƒ°p-sa√mw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ hm°m-W-Xv. B \ne°v t\m°p-tºmƒ,
a\p-jy-]n-Xm-hn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚-bpw˛ As√-¶n¬ as‰√m kap-Zm-b-
ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-bpsS P\-bn-Xm-°-fp-sS-bpw˛ D¤-hw, hf¿®, hnI-k-\w, s]cp∏w
BZn-bm-b-h-bn¬ AS-ßnb ZrjvSm¥ cl-ky-ß-fn-te°v {i≤ £Wn-°p-∂-XmWv
Cu kXy-hm-NIw F∂v ImWmw.
H∂mw hN-\-Øn¬ a°xsb-s°m-≠p-ff kXy-Øn\v Hcp D]m-[n-sb-t∂mWw
c≠mw hN-\-Øn¬ "\o Cu cmPy-Øn¬ A\p-h-Z-\o-b-\mWv' F∂v ]d-™-Xn-s\-
∏‰n A¬]-sam∂v hnh-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. (ln-√p≥) F∂ ]Z-Øn\v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-
am-b-h≥ F∂pw, Cd-ßn-h-∂-h≥˛ AYhm h∂v Xma-kn-°p-∂-h≥˛ F∂pw, sI´-gn-
™-h≥˛ AYhm \ncp-]m-[n-I-am-b-h≥ As√-¶n¬ kzX-{¥≥˛ F∂pw a‰pw A¿∞-
ßƒ hcm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. IAv_xbpw AXns‚ Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ Iptd \mgn-II - t- fmfw hcp∂
ÿe-ßfpw Dƒs∏´ {]tZ-i-Øn\v "ldw' (ΩôM) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. A{I-aw, Itø-
‰w, Ipg-∏w, lnwk BZn-bmb A\m-Z-chp-I-sfm∂pw ]mSn-s√∂v {]tXyIw apS°w
sNø-s∏´ ]cn-]m-h-\-amb ÿew F∂m-W-Xp-sIm≠v hnh-£. Cu ]Z-Øns‚ hn]-
co-X-sa∂ \ne°v "ld'a√mØ ÿew F∂ A¿∞Øn-epw, \njn≤w F∂
A¿∞Øn-ep≈ "ldman (ΩGnôM n )'s‚ hn]-co-X-sa∂ \ne°v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bXv F∂
A¿∞-Ønepw F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hN-\-
Øn\v Xmsg ImWp∂ H∂n-e-[nIw hymJym\ßƒ \¬Is∏-´p-Im-Wmw.
(1) Cu cmPy-sØ-s°m≠v Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp-]-d-bp-∂p. AXns‚ ]cn-]m-h-
\Xzhpw Aew-L-\o-b-Xbpw {]kn-≤-am-Wv. AXns‚ Aew-L-\ob ]cn-[n-bn¬\n∂v
\n\°v Hcp Cfhv e`n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂p-≠v. CXmWv ]e alm≥amcpw kzoI-cn®
Hcp hymJym-\w. lnPvdx 8 ˛mw sIm√-Øn¬ \S∂ a°m-hn-Pb kw`-h-sØ-bm-WnXv
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Atd-_y-bpsS GXm\pw `mKw Ckveman\v Iosgm-Xp-ßn-°-gn-s™-
¶nepw Ckvemans‚ a¿a-{]-[m-\hpw ]q¿h-tI-{µ-hp-amb a°m-\-Kcn hn{K-l-ß-fpsS
`c-Wm-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√-t√m. Izpssd-in-I-fpsS Hcp Icm¿ew-
L-\-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v \_n ˜ a°-xbn-te°v ]S-sb-Sp-Øp-sN-∂p. IAv_xbpsS al-
Xz-Øn\pw _lp-am-\-Øn\pw bmsXmcp tIm´hpw hcp-ØmsX B cmPyw Pbn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. km[m-c-W-\n-e°v a°x-bn-te°v ]S-sb-Sp-Øpw, A¬]-t\-csØ
\n mc G‰p-ap-´-ep-≠m-bXpw AXns‚ Aew-L-\o-b-X°v tbmPn-®-X-√-t√m. F∂m¬,
˜
AXv˛ ta¬ kqNn-∏n®{]Im-cw˛ A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v \_n °v e`n® {]tXyI A\p-
aXn A\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu bmYm¿∞yw \_n ˜ l÷-Øp¬ hnZm-Cse kp{]-
5356
kn-≤-amb {]kw-K-Øn¬ hy‡-ambn {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
(2) Cu cmPyw-sIm≠v Rm≥ kXyw sNøp∂p: CXns‚ Aew-L-\o-b-Xbpw ]cn-
]m-h-\-Xzhpw F√m-hcpw Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¶nepw \o (\-_n) Cu cmPyØv A\m-
Z-cn-°-s∏-´-h-\pw, A{I-a-ßƒ°v hnt[-b\pw Bbn-s°m-≠m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv ]cn-
K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv Cu cmPy-sØ-s°m≠v kXyw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
F∂nß-s\-bmWv as‰mcp hymJym-\w. Cu \ne-s°m-cp-am‰w hgnsb hcm-\n-cn-°p-
∂p-sh∂v CXn¬ kqN-\-bp-≠v.
(3) Cu cmPyØv \o (\-_n) Xma-kn-®p-h-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-IqSn IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-
≠mWv Cu cmPyw sIm≠v kXyw sNøp-∂-Xv. CXmWv aq∂m-a-sXmcp hymJym-\w.
a°x-bpsS kpÿn-c-amb ÿm\-]-Z-hn-Iƒ \ne-hn-ep-f-f-tXm-sS-Ø-s∂, A√m-lp-hn-
¶¬\n-∂p≈ Znhy-k-tµ-i-ßƒ G‰p-hm-ßn-bpw, AXv {]t_m-[\w sNbvXpw-sIm≠v
\_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ AhnsS Xma-kn-®p-h-cp-∂Xv B ]Z-hn-Iƒ°v IqSp-X¬ am‰p-Iq-
˜
´p- ∂ - X m- W - t √m. \_n Xncp- t a\n - b psS lnPv d - x °p- t ijw Cu ]Zhn aq∂v
"ldap'Ifn¬ c≠mw ÿm\-ap≈ aZo-\x°v e`n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. (aq-∂m-asØ "ldw'
ss_Øp¬apIz-±- p-am-Ip-∂p.)
]e-Xcw t¢i-ßfpw _p≤n-ap-´p-Ifpw A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp {]Ir-Xn-tbm-
sS-bmWv A√mlp a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂s{X ta¬I≠ kXy-ß-
sf-Øp-S¿∂v A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. Ipd-®p-Imew amXm-hns‚ K¿`m-i-b-am-
Ip∂ CSp-ßnb Hcp Ccp-´-d-bn¬ a\p-jy≥ Akz-X-{¥-\mbn Ign-®p-Iq-´p-∂p.
AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂Xpw t¢i-a-\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂. A∂p-ap-X¬sXm´v
ac-Ww-h-sc, tZl-Øn\pw a\- n-\p-am-bn, kz¥w Imcy-Ønepw IpSpw-_-Im-cy-Øn-ep-
am-bn, kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-ly-hp-am-bn, Cßs\ ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ F{X-sb{X hnj-a-
ßƒ Ah≥ A\p-`-hn-°Ww? Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. Cßs\ t¢i-]q¿W-amb
Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬IqSn thWw a\p-jy\v `mhn Pohn-X-hn-P-b-Øn-\p≈ am¿Khpw
Ic-ÿ-am-°p-hm≥. {]t_m-[\ Xpd-bn¬ \_n ˜
A\p-`-hn-®p-h-cp∂ t¢i-ßfpw
A°q-´-Øn¬ Dƒs]-Sp-∂-Xm-sW-∂pw, AXn¬ hyk-\-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂pw Hcp kqN-
\bpw Cu hN-\-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°mw. GXm-bmepw ]c-temI Pohn-X-Øns‚
Imcyw IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sX, AXn-\p-th≠n t¢iw kln-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dn-√m-sX,
tkz—-Iƒ°p-th≠n F¥v t¢ihpw kln-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-∂-h-cmWv Hcp hn`mKw
Bfp-Iƒ. Ah-sc-]‰n A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!5! Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-thm,
˛A-h-t\mSv Hcmƒ°pw Ign-hp-≠m-
Ip-∂-tX-b√ F∂v?!
!6! Ah≥ ]d-bp∂p: "Rm≥
ta¬°p-ta¬ (h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw) [\w
(Nn-e-hm-°n) \in-∏n®p'sh∂v!
!7! Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-thm˛
Ahs\ Hcmfpw ImWp-∂n-s√∂v?!
5357
!5! Ah≥ IW°v Iq´p∂p (hn-Nm-cn-°p-∂p)thm Ign-bp-∂tX
A√ F∂v Ah-s‚-ta¬, Ah-t\mSv Hcmfpw (H-cmƒ°pw) !6! Ah≥
]d-bp-∂p, ]dbpw Rm≥ \in-∏n®p [\w, kzØv Ań-bmbn
(ta¬°p-ta¬), hfsc !7! Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°pt∂m Ahs\ I≠n-
ń-s√-∂v, ImWp-∂n-s√∂v Hcmfpw
Ah≥ F¥v sNbvXmepw tNmZyw sNøm≥ Bfn-√. B¿°pw Ahs\ ]nSn-°p-
hm\pw Ah-s‚-ta¬ \S]Sn FSp°p-hm\pw km[y-a√ Fs∂m-s°-bp≈ `mh-amWv
Ahs‚ [n°m-c-Øn¬\n∂pw {]I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Rm≥ F{Xtbm [\w Nne-h-gn-®p,
C∂n∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ C{X-bn{X hn\n-tbm-Kn-®p, [¿a-Øn-\p-th≠n hºn® kwJy
\in-∏n®p Fs∂ms° Ah≥ Al-¶-cn-°p-I-bpw, hoºn-f-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah-
s\-∏‰n B¿°pw Adn-™p-IqSm F∂pw, Ahs\ Bcpw ImWp-∂n√ F∂p-ap≈
\ne-]m-SmWv Ah-\n¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. B hnNmcw th≠! A√mlphn\v Ahs\
Ft∏mgpw F¥pw sNøm≥ Ign-bpw, Ah≥ Ahs\ icn°pw I≠pw kq£n®pw
sIm≠p-Xs∂ Ccn-°p-∂p≠v F∂v Ah≥ Hm¿a-sh-®p-sIm-≈s´ F∂v kmcw.
!8! Ah\v \mw c≠v IÆp-Iƒ

D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-Øn-ńt√?˛
!9! Hcp \mhpw c≠v Np≠p-Ifpw
(sIm-Sp-Øn-ń-t√)?˛
! 10! (sX- f n- ™ p- I m- W p- a m- d v )
s]m¥n-\n¬°p∂ c≠v hgn-Iƒ
Ah\v \mw Imń-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
!8! \mw D≠m°n (G¿s∏-Sp-Øn)-s°m-Sp-Øn-ńt√ Ah\v c≠v
IÆp-Isf !9! Hcp \mhpw c≠v Np≠pw, A[-c-ßfpw !10!
\ma-h\v Imńs°m-Sp°p (am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-)Ibpw sNbvXp c≠v s]m¥n
(D-b¿∂v) \n¬°p∂ hgn-Iƒ
I≠-dn-bp-hm≥ c≠v IÆp-Ifpw, kwkm-cn-°p-hm\pw cpNn Adn-bp-hm\pw `£-
Ww Ign-°p-hm\pw th≠n Hcp \mhpw c≠v Np≠p-Ifpw A√mlp Ah\v \¬Inbn-
cn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, a\p-jys‚ \∑-bp-sSXpw Xn∑-bp-tS-Xp-amb c≠v
sXfn™ hgn-Ifpw Ah\v A√mlp ImWn®p sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Xs‚ \∑-bpsS
am¿Kw GXm-sW-t∂m-, Xn∑-bpsS am¿Kw GXm-sWt∂m Adn-bmsX Ah≥ hnj-
an-t°-≠-Xn-√. c≠pw sht∆sd sXfn™p s]m¥n-°m-W-Ø-°-hÆw A√mlp
Ahsb hy‡-ambn hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v. Cß-s\-bp≈ A\p-{K-l-ß-sf√mw
sNbvXpsImSpØn´pw Ah≥ AXn\v \µn-bmbn \∑-bpsS am¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-
hm≥ apXn-cp-∂n√ F∂v A√mlp a\p-jys\ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p:˛
5358
!11! F∂n-´v, Ah≥ Npc-am¿K-
Øn¬ Xnc-°n-°-S-∂n-√.
!12! Npc-am¿Kw F∂m-se-¥m-
sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw?˛
!13! (A-sX) ASn-asb hnSp-X-
em-°pI;
!14! As√-¶n¬, ]ń-Wn-bp≈
Znh-k-Øn¬ `£Ww \¬Ip-I,˛
!15! IpSpw-_-_-‘-ap≈ A\m-
Y°v;
!16! As√-¶n¬, aÆp-]p-c≠
[ISpØ Zmcn-{Zy-ap≈] km[p-hn-\v.
!11! F∂m¬ (F-∂n-´v) Ah≥ Xnc-°n-°-S-∂n√ Npc-am¿K-sØ,
ae-h-gn-bn¬ !12! \n\°v F¥-dn-bmw, Adnhv \¬In-b-sX¥v
Npc-am¿Kw Fs¥∂v !13! hnSp-X-em-° (A-gn-®p-hn-S)-emWv ]nc-Snsb (A-
- b) !14!
Sn-as As√-¶n¬ `£Ww sImSp-°pI Znh-kØ
- n¬
]ń-Wn-bp≈ !15! A\m-Y-°p-ń°v ASpØ (Ip-Spw-_) _‘-ap≈
!16! As√-¶n¬ km[p-hn-\v, ]mh-s∏-´-h\v aÆv ]pc≠ (I-SpØ
Zmcn-{Zy-ap-≈)
CsXm-s°-bmWv Npc-am¿K-sa∂v ]d-™-Xv. Cß-s\-bp≈ am¿K-ß-fn-sem∂pw
{]th-in-°p-hm-\p≈ Xnct°m kml-ktam Ah≥ ImWn-®n-√. t\sc-a-dn®v tkz—-
bpsS Ffp-∏-am-W-h≥ kzoI-cn-®-Xv. am{X-a√;˛
!17! ]ns∂, [AXn-\v]p-dsa]

hniz-kn-°p-Ib- pw, £a-sIm≠v ]c-
kv ] cw D]- t Ziw \¬Ip- I bpw,
ImcpWyw sIm≠v ]c- k v]cw
D]tZiw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvX-h-
cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ah≥ Bbn-Øo-
cp-Ibpw (D-≠m-bn-√).
!18! Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ (ip-`-I-
c-am-b) he-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ Bƒ
°m-c-s{X.
5359
!19! \ΩpsS BbØv' [e£yw]
Ifn¬ Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-cm-I-s´, Ah-
c-s{X, (A-ip-`-I-c-am-b) CS-Xp-]-£-
Øns‚ Bƒ°m¿.
!20! Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ AS-®p-aq-S-
s∏´ A·n-bp≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
!17! ]ns∂ Ah-\m-Ip-Ibpw (sN-bvXn-√) bmsXm-cp-hc
- n¬s]´(h≥)
hniz-kn® ]c-kv]cw hkzn-øØpw, D]-tZ-in-°bpw sNbvX
£a (k-l-\w)-sIm≠v ]c-kv]cw D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Imcp-
Wyw-sIm≠v !18! A°q-´¿ Bƒ°m-cmWv he-Xp-]£ (ip-
`-]-£)-Øns‚ !19! Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-cm-Is´ \ΩpsS Bb-Øp-
I-fn¬ Ah¿ (X-s∂) Bƒ°m¿ CSXv (A-ip-`) ]£-Øns‚
!20! Ah-cp-sS-ta-ep-≠m-bn-cn°pw AS-®p-aq-S-s∏´ Xo (A-·n)
a\p-jy-Po-hnXw BZy¥w t¢iw \nd-™-Xm-Wv. Ah XcWw sNbvXp-t]m-cp-

hm≥ th≠p∂ Ah-b-h-ßfpw klm-b-ßfpw A√mlp D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-
∂p. Iq´-Øn¬ Ahs‚ A\-iz-c-Po-hn-X-Øn-\p-th≠n kºm-Zn-°p-hm-\p≈ t¢ihpw
Ah≥ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXn-\p≈ am¿K-ßƒ th≠-Xp-t]mse Ah\v \n¿t±-
in®v sImSp-Øn-´p-ap-≠v. B ÿnXn°v Ipsd {]bm-k-s∏-´p-sIm-s≠-¶nepw B am¿K-
ß-fn¬ Ah≥ {]th-in-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ASn-a-Ø-am-Ip∂ _‘w-sIm≠v IgpØv
sRcpßn Akz-X-{¥-\mbn hnj-an-°p-∂-h\v AYhm ASn-a-Iƒ°v˛ tamN\w e`n-
°p-hm≥ th≠-Xv sNøp-I, ]™w ]nSn-s]-´-Im-eØv ASpØ _‘p-°-fmb A\m-
Y-Iƒ, Zmcn{Zyw \nanØw aÆ-√msX a‰v KXn-bn-√msX IjvS-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂
km[p-°ƒ apX-em-b-h¿°v A∂-Zm\w sNøp-I, Cßs\ ]eXpw Ah≥ sNtø-≠n-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. AsXm∂pw Ah≥ sNbvXn-√. am{Xtam? kXy-hn-izm-kw, ]c-kv]cw
£a-sIm≠pw Imcp-Wyw-sIm≠pw D]-tZ-in-°¬ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ k¬Kp-W-ß-
tfmSv IqSnb Bfp-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ah≥ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂pt≠m? AXpw C√.-A-Ø-c-
°m¿ kln-°p∂ t¢ißsf√mw Xs∂ Xßƒ°v \mi-am-bn-Øo¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. a\p-jy≥ c≠n-semcp I£n-bn¬ s]Sm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. ip`-e-£Ww ]q≠
he-Xp-]-£w. Aip-`-e-£Ww ]q≠ CS-Xp-]-£w. ta¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-ep≈
\√-am¿Kw kzoI-cn-®-h-cmWv heXp ]£-°m¿. Ch¿°v-am-{Xta c£-bp-≈q. B
am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°m-Øh - ¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ e£y-{]-am-Wß
- s
- fbpw ZrjvSm¥-ßs
- fbpw
\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Ch-cmWv CSXp]-£-°m¿. Ch¿°v B[mcw \c-I-am-
bn-cn-°pw. AXnse A·n Ah-cn¬ Ab®p aqS-s∏-´p-sIm-≠p-an-cn-°pw. Fs∂m-s°-
bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv. (h-e-Xp-]-£-sØbpw CS-Xp-]-£-
sØbpw Ipdn®v kqd:hmIznAxbn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.)
Ckvemans‚ BZy-Im-eØv apkvenwIƒ Izpssd-in-I-fpsS A{I-a-a¿±-\-ßƒ°v
5360
]m{X-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn® kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ s]´-XmWv Cu
kqd-Øv. BZy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ ]ecpw ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ Xß-fpsS
bP-am-\≥am-cn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ bmX-\-Iƒ A\p-`-hn®p hcn-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Ah-
k-c-Øn¬ ASn-a-Isf tamNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw km[p-°ƒ°v A∂-Zm\w sNøp-Ibpw
sNøm≥ I¬]n-°p∂Xns‚ {]m[m\yw hy‡-am-Wv. kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ Ign-hp-≈-h-
sc√mw AXv A£-cw-{]Xn ]men-®n-´p-ap-≠v. A_q-_Iv¿ (d) Btd-gp-t]sc tamNn-
∏n®p c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn¬ Hcm-fmWv _nem¬ (d).
\_n ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "kXy-hn-izm-kn-
bmb Hcp ASn-asb Bsc-¶nepw tamNn-∏n-®p-hn-´m¬, B ASn-a-bpsS Hmtcm Ah-b-
h-Øn\pw ]Icw A√mlp Ahs‚ Ah-b-h-Øn\v \c-I-Øn¬\n∂v tamN\w \¬Ip-
∂-Xm-Wv. (A-Xm-b-Xv) Iøn\v Iøpw, Imen-\p-Im-epw, Kply-ÿm-\-Øn\v Kply-ÿm-
\hpwhsc' (A; _p; ap; Xn; \.) ASn-a-Isf tamNn-∏n-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ Ckveman-
ep≈ \nb-a-ßfpw t{]m’m-l-\-ßfpw \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv.
áÑnbQn (d-Iz-_-Øv) F∂ hm°ns‚ km£m¬ A¿∞w "]ncSn' As√-¶n¬ "IgpØv'
F∂m-Ip-∂p. ASn-a-Ø-am-Ip∂ Nß-e-sIm≠v ASn-a-bpsS IgpØv _‘n-°-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-sIm≠v "ASna' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°pI ]Xn-hm-bn. (I-
gp-Øv, Xe, ssI apX-emb GsX-¶nepw Hcp {][m\ Ah-b-h-Øns‚ t]cv ]d™p
Nne-t∏mƒ arKsØ Dt±-in-°epw Ad-_n-bn-se-∂-t]mse ae-bm-f-Ønepw ]Xn-hp-
≈-Xm-Wv.)
A\m-Y-Iƒ°pw km[p-°ƒ°pw A∂-Zm\w sNøp-∂Xv Ft∏mgpw hfsc ]pWy-
s∏´ I¿aw-Xs∂, F∂m¬ ASpØ IpSpw-_-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-Ip-I-bpw, ]ń-Wnbpw
]™hpw D≈-Im-e-Øm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ AXns‚ IS-abpw {]m[m-\yhpw IqSp-
X¬ h¿≤n-°p-∂p. \_n ˜ ]d-bp∂p: "km[p-hn\v [¿aw sImSp-°¬ Hcp [¿a-am-
Ip∂p; c‡-_-‘-ap-≈-h\v sImSp-°p-∂Xv c≠v [¿a-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, [¿a-hpw,
IpSpw-_w ]men-°-epw.' (A; Xn; \) Nq≠m-Wn-hn-cepw \Sp-hn-cepw AI-‰n-∏n-Sn®p
BwKyw Imń-s°m≠v \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "Rm\pw, A\m-Ysb
Gs‰-Sp-Ø-h\pw kz¿K-Øn¬ C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.' (_p.)
≈°Vôjh Öëj ÉŸ ≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
5361
`mKw 30 ¢ùª°ûdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 91 A»wkv
5362
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¢ùª°ûdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
91.kqd-Xpiviwkv
Øn¬.
!1! kqcy-\pw, AXns‚ (]q¿hm-
”) {]`bpw Xs∂bmW (k-Xyw)!
!2! N{µ≥X-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)˛
AXv AXns\ XpS¿∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ!
!3! ]I¬ Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)
˛AXv AXns\ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-
tºmƒ!
!4! cm{Xn Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)
˛AXv AXns\ aqSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
tºmƒ!
! 5! BIm- i - h pw, AXns\
ÿm]n-®Xpw [B alm-i-‡nbpw]
Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!6! `qan-bpw, AXns\ ]c-Øn-
bXpw [B alm-i-‡nbpw] Xs∂-
bmW (k-Xyw)!
!7! Bflm-hpw, AXns\ (L-S\
H∏n- ® ) icn- s ∏- S p- Ø n- b Xpw [B
5363
alm-i-‡nbpw] Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
!8! F∂n-´v, AXn\v AXns‚
ZpjvSX
- b
- pw, AXns‚ kq£vaX- bpw
Ah≥ [B alm-i‡n] tXm∂n-
∏n®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂p.
!1! kqcy≥ Xs∂-bmW AXns‚ tim`-bpw, ]q¿∆m-”hpw
!2! N{µ≥ Xs∂bmW AX-Xn-t\mSv XpS¿∂m¬, ASp-Øm¬ !3!
]I¬ Xs∂-bmW AX-Xns\ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬, shfn-hm-
°n-bm¬ !4! cm{Xn Xs∂-bmW AX-Xns\ aqSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
tºmƒ !5! BImiw Xs∂-bmW AXns\ ÿm]n-®-Xpw, (ÿm-
]n® i‡n-bpw, ÿm]n-®-h-\pw) !6! `qan Xs∂-bmW AXns\
]c-Øn-bXpw (]-c-Ønb i‡n-bpw, ]c-Ønbh\pw) !7! Bflmhv (Bƒ)
Xs∂-bmW AXns\ icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw (B i‡n-bpw) icn (k-a)-s∏-
Sp-Øn-b-h\pw !8! F∂n´v Ah≥ AXn\v tXm∂n-∏n®p sImSpØp
AXns‚ ZpjvS-X, tXm∂n-b-hm-kw, Zp¿∂-S∏v AXns‚ kq£vaX (`-b-`-
‡n)bpw
kqcym-kvX-a-btØm-Sv IqSn N{µ≥ {]Im-in®p XpS-ßp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv AXv
AXns\ XpS¿∂v hcp- t ºmƒ F∂v ]d- ™ - X v . kqcy- { ]- I miw apgp- h \pw
shfns∏Sp∂Xv ]I-en-em-W-t√m. cm{Xn AXns\ aqSn ad-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu
Ah-ÿ-I-fmWv 3 Dw 4 Dw hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. BIm-isØ Db¿Øn-ÿm-]n-
®-Xv, `qansb \nhm-k-tbm-Ky-amw-hÆw ]c-Øn-bp-≠m-°n-b-Xv, Bh-iy-amb Ah-b-h-
ßfpw A\p-tbm-Pyamb BIr-Xnbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw \¬In Bflm-°-sf˛ AYhm
tZln-I-sf˛ icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv F∂o Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw I¿Øm-hmb B alm-i-‡n-
sb-sIm-≠mWv 5, 6, 7 F∂o hN-\-ß-fnse kXy-ßƒ. B alm-i‡n A√mlp
A√msX a‰m-cp-a-s√∂v kv]jvS-am-Wt√m. a\p-jys\ krjvSn®p icn-s∏-Sp-ØpI
am{X-a√, Ahs‚ \∑bpw Xn∑bpw Ah\v th¿Xn-cn®v a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-I-
bpw, \√Xpw NoØbpw sNøm-\p≈ Ignhv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. CXmWv
8 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. lrZ-bw-sIm-SpØv Nn¥n-°p-∂-]-£w, A√m-lp-hns‚
i‡n-am-lm-fly-ß-sf-bpw, A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-fn-ep≈ GI-Xz-sØbpw hnfn-t®m-
Xn-Ø-cp∂ hºn® Nne ZrjvSm¥-ß-fmWv Cu kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fn-eqsS A√mlp
Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv.
! 9! Xo¿®- b m- b pw, AXns\

[Bflm- h ns\] ]cn- i p- ≤ - a m- ° n- b -
h≥ `mKyw {]m]n-®p.
5364
!10! AXns\ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-
h≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw \n¿`m-Ky-a-S-bp-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
!9! Xo¿®-bmbpw hnP-bn-®p, `mKyw {]m]n®p AXns\ ]cn-ip-
≤-am-°nb (kw-kvI-cn-®)-h≥ !10! \n¿`m-Ky-a-S-bpI (]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I)bpw
sNbvXp AXns\ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h≥
ta¬I≠ kXy-ß-sf-Øp-S¿∂v Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp c≠v auenI
bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmWv Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bfl-]-cn-ip≤n hcp-Øn-b-h≥ `mKy-
hm\pw hnP-bn-bp-am-Wv. Bfl-I-f¶w sNbvX-h≥ Zp¿`m-Ky-hm\pw ]cm-Pn-X-\p-amWv
F∂s{X AXv. kXy-hn-izm-kw, k¬°¿aw, k¬kz-`mhw BZn-bm-bh aqe-amWv
Bfl-]-cn-ip-≤n-bp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. \ntj-[w, Zp¿hr-Øn, Zpxkz-`mhw BZn-bm-bh Bflm-
hns\ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
!11! "YaqZv' (tKm-{Xw) AXns‚

[n°mcw aqew hymP-am-°p-I-bp-
≠mbn;˛
!12! AXnse G‰hpw Zp¿`m-Ky-
hm-\m-b-h≥ (\n-bp-‡-\m-bn) Fgp-
t∂‰ kµ¿`w.
!13! At∏mƒ, Ah-tcmSv A√m-
lp-hns‚ dkq¬ ]d™p: "A√m-lp-
hns‚ H´-Ihpw AXns‚ sh≈w
IqSnbpw (kq-£n-°p-I)!' [AXn∂v
`wKw hcp-Ø-cp-Xv.]
! 14! F∂m¬, Ah¿ At±-
lsØ hymP-am°n AXns\ IpØn-
b-dpØv (sIm-∂p). At∏mƒ Ah-
cpsS ]m]w \nanØw Ah-cpsS d∫v
Ah-cn¬ (in-£) BsI aqSn-°-
f™p; F∂n´v AXv (F-√m-h¿°pw)
ka-s∏-Sp-Øn. [Hcmfpw Hgn-hm-bn-√.]
!15! Ah≥ [d∫v] AXns‚ A\-
¥-c-^-esØ `b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xp-an-√.
!11! hymP-am°n YaqZv tKm{Xw AXns‚ AXn-{Iaw ([n-
°m-cw) \nanØw !12! \nbp-‡-\mb (H-cp-sº-´, Fgp-t∂-‰) kµ¿`w
5365
AXnse G‰w Zp¿`m-Ky-hm≥ (Zp-jvS≥) !13! At∏mƒ Ah-tcmSv ]d™p
A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX≥ (d-kq¬) A√m-lp-hns‚ HÍw
AXns‚ sh≈w IpSnbpw !14! F∂m¬ Ah¿ At±-lsØ hymP-am°n
Aßs\ Ah-c-Xns\ IpØn-A-dpØv (sIm-∂p) At∏mƒ D≥aq-e-
\miw hcp-Øn, BsI aqSn (in-£) Ah-cn¬ Ah-cpsS d∫v Ah-
cpsS ]m]w (sX-‰p)-sIm≠v F∂n´v AXv (A-Xn-s\) ka-am-°n, \ncØn
!15! Ah≥ `b-s∏-ń-cp-∂p-an√ AXns‚ A\-¥-c-^-ew, ]cy-h-
km\w
Hcmƒt]mepw _m°n-bm-Im-Ø-hn[w A{X hym]-Ihpw ISp-Ø-Xp-amb in£
Ah¿°v \¬In-bXv \nanØw Fs¥-¶nepw `hn-jyØv kw`-hn-t®-°ptam F∂p≈
bmsXmcp `bhpw A√m-lp-hn\v C√m-bn-cp∂p F∂v kmcw. CXv Ahsc ]cn-l-kn-
®p-sIm≠v ]d-™-Xm-Wv.
kzmenlv \_n (A)-bpsS P\-X-bmb YaqZv tKm{XsØ kw_-‘n®v ipA-dm-Dv,
\wev F∂o kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ hni-Z-ambn hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠-t√m. kw`-h-Øns‚ G‰hpw
kw£n-]vX-cq-]-amWv ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. Ah¿ kzmenlv \_n (A)sb \ntj-[n-
°bpw [n°mcw {]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvXp. Ah¿°v ZrjvSm-¥-ambn Hcp H´-IsØ
A√mlp \n›-bn-®n-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS Pem-i-b-Ønse sh≈w Ah¿°pw B H´-I-
Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬ ]¶nSs∏ń-cp-∂p. H´-IsØ D]-{Z-hn-°-cp-sX-∂pw, D]-{Z-hn-®m¬, Ah-
cn¬ s]mXp-in£ Cd-ßp-sa∂pw Ah¿°v ap∂-dn-bn∏pw \¬I-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,
Ah-cpsS [n°mcw apgpØv H´-IsØ AdpØv sIm√p-hm≥Xs∂ Ah¿ Xocp-am-\n-
®p. Ah-cn¬sh®v G‰hpw ISpØ Hcp [n°m-cn˛ AsX, G‰hpw henb \n¿`m-Ky-
hm≥am¿˛ AXn\v aptºm-´p-h-∂p. Xma-kn-bmsX A√mlp Hcp `qI-ºhpw D{K-i-
_vZhpw Ah-cn¬ \ntbm-Kn-®p. AX-hsc H∂-S¶w \in-∏n-°bpw sNbvXp. CXmWv
kw`-h-Øns‚ Npcp-°w. B kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ henb \mi-Im-cn-I-fmb HºXv t]cp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v kqd:\wev 48 ¬ A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬sh®v
G‰hpw henb t]m°n-cn-bm-bn-cn°mw Cu ZpjvS≥. ap≥I-sø-Sp-ØXv Ah-\m-sW-
¶nepw B IrXyw \n¿∆-ln-®Xv P\-X-bpsS Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn®pw Ahsc {]Xn-\n-
[o-I-cn®pw sIm≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ip‰-Øn¬ F√m-hcpw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-W-t√m. BI-
bm¬, AX-h-cpsS s]mXp-\m-i-Øn\v CS-bm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
5366
`mKw 30 π«qdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 92 sse¬
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
π«qdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
92.kqd-Xpss√¬
Øn¬.
!1! cm{Xn-X-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)
˛AXv aqSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ!
!2! ]I¬X-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)
˛AXv {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ!
!3! BWn-s\bpw s]Æn-s\bpw
krjvSn-®n-´p-≈Xv [B alm-i‡n]
Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!4! \n›-b-am-bpw, \nß-fpsS
]cn-{iaw hn`n-∂-ß-fs{X
!1! cm{Xn Xs∂-bmW AXv aqSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ !2!
]I¬X-s∂-bmW AXv {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ !3! krjvSn-®Xpw
Xs∂-bmW BWns\ s]Æn-s\bpw !4! \n›-b-ambpw
\nß-fpsS ]cn-{i-aw, bXv\w, {]hrØn hn`n-∂-ßƒ Xs∂ (hy-Xy-kvX-ß-fm-
Wv)
Ign™ A≤ym-b-Ønse 3, 4 hN-\-ß-fn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Bibw Xs∂-
bmWv GXm≠v Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse 1 Dw 2 Dw hN-\-ß-fnepw D≈-sX∂v ]d-bmw.
AhnsS 5 ˛7 hN-\-ß-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® AtX alm-i-‡nsb ˛A-√m-lp-hn-s\˛ °pdn-
®p-X-s∂-bmWv ChnsS 3 ˛mw hN-\-Ønepw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. BWv F∂pw s]Æv
F∂pw ]d-™Xv s]mXp-hn¬ B c≠v h¿KsØ Dt±-in®pw, As√-¶n¬ ˛C_v\p
5367
A∫mkv (d), lk≥ (d), I¬_o (d) F∂n-h-cn¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-´p-≈-
Xp-t]m-se˛ a\p-jy-]n-Xm-hmb BZw (A), a\p-jy-am-Xm-hmb l∆m-Dv (A) F∂n-
hsc Dt±-in®pw BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
a\p-jy-cpsS ˛Pn-∂p-I-fp-sSbpw Xs∂˛ ]cn-{i-a-ßfpw {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Htc cq]-
Øn-ep-≈-h-b-√, hn`n∂ \ne-bn-ep-≈-XmWv F∂s{X A√mlp kXyw sNbvXp ]d-
bp-∂-Xv. AsX, cm{Xnbpw ]I-ep-sa∂ t]mse-bpw, BWpw s]Æp-sa-∂-t]m-sebpw
a\p-jy-I¿a-ßƒ \√-Xv, NoØ, KpW-I-cw, tZmj-Icw, c£m-am¿Kw, in£m-am¿Kw
F∂n-ßs\ hyXy-kvX-ß-fmWv F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ Cu
bmYm¿∞yw DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw A√mlp hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛
!5! At∏mƒ, bmsXm-cp-h≥ ([-

\w) sImSp-°p-Ibpw (A-√m-lp-hn-
s\) kq£n-°p-I-bpw.˛
!6! G‰hpw \∂m-bp-≈-Xns\
kXy-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-thm,˛
!7! Ah\v \mw G‰hpw kuI-
cy- a m- b p- ≈ - X n- t e°v kuIcyw
sNbvXv sImSp-tØ-°pw.
! 8! F∂m¬, bmsXm- c p- h ≥
ep_v[X ImWn-°p-I-bpw, [\yX
\Sn-°p-I-bpw,˛
!9! G‰hpw \∂m-bp-≈-Xns\
hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-thm,˛
!10! Ah\v \mw G‰hpw sRcp-
°-am-bp-≈-Xn-te°v kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-
Øn-s°m-Sp-tØ-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
!11! Ah≥ adn-™p-ho-Wm¬
Ahs‚ [\w Ah\v {]tbm-P-\-
s∏Sp∂-Xp-a-√.
!5! F∂m-et- ∏mƒ B¿ sImSpØp kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp
!6! kXy-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp G‰hpw \√-Xns\ !7!
F∂m-e-h\v \mw kuIcyw \¬Ipw, Ffp-∏-am°pw G‰hpw kuIcy (F-fp-
∏)-am-b-Xn-te°v !8! F∂m¬ Hcp-ht\m Ah≥ ep_v[X (]n-ip-°v)-
Imń [\yX (sF-iz-cyw˛ A\m-{i-bX) \Sn-°bpw sNbvXp !9!
5368
hymP-am-°bpw sNbvXp G‰hpw \√-Xns\ !10! At∏m-f-h\v
\mw kuIcyw sNøpw G‰w sRcp-°-am-b-Xn-te-°v, {]bm-k-s∏-´-Xn-te°v
!11! [\y (sF-iz-cy) am°p-I-bn√ ({]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√) Ah\v
Ahs‚ [\w, kzØv Ah≥ adn-™p-ho-Wm¬, \mi-a-S-™m¬
(G-‰hpw \√-Xv) F∂-Xn\v ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ hnh£ \¬I-s∏´v ImWmw.

Xulo-Zns‚ ap{Zm-hm-Iyw, Ckvemans‚ am¿Kw, k¬°¿a-ßƒ, kz¿Kw, \√ {]Xn-
^-ew, bYm¿∞-X-Xz-ßƒ Fs∂m-s°. (G-‰hpw kuI-cy-am-b-Xv˛ AYhm
Ffp-∏-am-b-Xv) F∂-Xn\v \√ Imcyw, IqSp-X¬ eLp-hm-bXv, \√ {]Xn-êw F∂n-
ß-s\-bpw, (G-‰hpw sRcp-°-am-b-Xv) F∂-Xn\v sRcp-°-s∏´ Imcyw, \c-
I-in-£, Zpjn® am¿Kw F∂n-ß-s\bpw hnh£ \¬I-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. A¬]w Btem-
Nn®v t\m°p-∂] - £
- w, Cu A`n-{]m-bß
- s
- fm∂pw ]c-kv]c
- h
- n-cp-≤a
- s
- √∂pw B hm°p-
I-fpsS A¿∞hym]vXn-bn¬ HXp-ßp∂ DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ am{X-am-sW∂pw a\- n-em-
°mw.
ep_v[X IqSmsX k¬Im-cy-ß-fn¬ [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-I, A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-
\m- \ n¿t±- i - ß ƒ kzoI- c n- ® p- s Im≠v Ahs\ kq£n- ° p- I , kXy- h n- i zm- k w,
k¬°¿aw, kZm-Nmcw BZn-bmb KpW-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhcmbn-cn°pw a\p-jy-cn¬
Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ. Ch¿°v \√ Imcy-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-hm-\pw, \√
\ne ssIh-cp-hm-\pw, \√ {]Xn-êw Bkz-Zn-°p-hm\pw A√mlp klm-bn-°p-∂p.
Ch-cpsS ]cy-h-km\w imiz-X-ku-Jyhpw kz¿K-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. t\sc-a-dn®v as‰mcp
hn`m-K-°m-cp≠v; [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-hm≥ Ah-cpsS ]nip°v Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-
bn√; Xßƒ°v a‰m-cp-sSbpw B{i-b-an-√˛ Xßƒ°v Xßƒ Xs∂-a-Xn˛ F∂m-bn-
cn°pw Ah-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈ {]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ Ah¿°v
Xm¬]-cy-an√; Ahs‚ \nb-a\ - n¿t±-iß- sf Ah¿ am\n-°p-Ib
- p-an√; \√ Imcy-ßfpw
bYm¿∞-h-gnbpw D]-tZ-in-°-s∏-´m¬ sNhn-s°m-≈msX \ntj-[n®p X≈n-°-f-bpw.
Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿°v IqSp-X¬ {]bm-k-I-c-am-b-Xn-te-°m-bn-cn°pw kuIcyw e`n-°p-
∂-Xv. AYhm {]bm-k-ß-fn¬sh®v G‰hpw {]bm-k-I-c-ß-fmb {]Xn-^-ehpw \c-
I-in-£-bp-am-bn-cn°pw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-I. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-
°p-hm≥ Xøm-dp-≈-h¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v AXn\v IqSp-X¬ klmbw ssIh-
∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. hºn® {]Xn-^-ehpw e`n-°pw. Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-
sº-Sp-∂-hsc Ah-cpsS ]mń\v Ah≥ Ab-®p-hn-Sp-I-bpw, Aßs\ Ah¿ IqSp-X¬
Zp¿am¿Kn-Ifpw in£m¿l-cp-am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛ "k≥am¿Kw
kzoI-cn-®-h¿°v Ah≥˛ A√mlp ˛k-∑m¿Kw h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw, Ah¿°v
Ah-cp-tS-Xmb kq£vaX \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw.' (kqd: apl-ΩZv. 17.) "Ahn-iz-kn-
°p-Ibpw A{Iaw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-hm-\m-I-s´, \c-I-
Øns‚ am¿K-a-√mØ Hcp am¿K-Øn-te°v \bn-°m-\m-I-s´, A√mlp Xøm-dn-√.'
(kqd: \nkm-Dv, 168, 169)
!12!\n›-ba
- mbpw am¿K-Z¿i\w
\¬I¬ \ΩpsS taemWv (_m-[y-
5369
X) D≈-Xv.
!13! \ap-°p-≈-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv,
]c-tem-Ihpw BZy-tem-I-hpw.
!14! AXn-\m¬, Bfn-°-Øn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ A·n-sb-°p-dn®v
Rm≥ \nßƒ°v Xm°oXv \¬In-
bn-cn-°p-∂p.
!15! hfsc Zp¿`m-Ky-hm-\m-bp-≈-
h-\√- msX AXn¬ IS-s∂-cn-bp-Ib - n-
√.
!16! AXm-b-Xv, hymP-am-°p-
Ibpw Xncn- ™ p- I - f - b p- I bpw
sNbvX-h≥ (A-√m-sX).
! 17! hfsc kq£v a X [`b-
`‡n]bp≈- h ≥ AXn¬ \n∂v
AI‰n \ndp- Ø - s ∏- t ´- ° p- I bpw
sNøpw.
!18! AXm-b-Xv, Xm≥ ]cn-ip≤n
t\Sp-hm-\mbn Xs‚ [\w sImSp-°p-
∂-h≥.
!19! {]Xyp-]-Imcw \¬I-s∏-tS-
≠p-∂-Xmb Hc-\p-{K-lhpw [D]-Im-
chpw] Ahs‚ ]°¬ Hcmƒ°pw-
Xs∂ C√-Xm\pw;˛
! 20! Xs‚ AXyp- ∂ - X - \ mb
d∫ns‚ {]oXnsb t\SpI F∂-X-
√m-sX.
!12! \n›-b-ambpw \Ωp-sS-ta-ep≠v (\-ΩpsS _m≤y-X-bm-Wv)
k≥am¿Kw (am¿K-Z¿i-\w) \¬I¬ !13! \ap-°p-X-s∂-bm-WvXm\pw
]c-temIw BZy-tem-Ihpw (C-l-hpw) !14! AXn-\m¬ (F-
∂m¬) \mw \nßsf Xm°o-Xp-sN-bvXn-cn-°p∂p Bfn-°-Øp∂ Xo !15!
AXn¬ IS-°p-I-bn-√, Fcn-bp-I-bn√ G‰w (h-f-sc) Zp¿`m-Ky-hm-
5370
\-√msX !16! hymP-am-°n-b-h-\mb Xncn-™p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvX
!17! AXn¬\n∂v AI‰n (H-gn-hm-°n) \ndp-Ø-s∏Spw hfsc
kq£vaX (`b`-‡n)bp≈-h≥ !18! sImSp-°p-∂-h-\mb Xs‚ [\w
]cn-ip≤n (B-fl-Kp-Ww) t\Sp-hm≥ !19! Hcmƒ°pw C√-Xm\pw
Ahs‚ ]°¬ Hcp A\p-{K-lhpw (Kp-W-hpw, D]-Im-c-hpw)
{]Xn-êw ({]-Xyp-]-Im-cw) \¬I-s∏-tS-≠-Xmb !20! tXS¬ (B-h-iy-s∏-
S¬) A√msX Xs‚ d∫ns‚ apJsØ ({]o-Xn-sb) AXyp-∂-X-\mb
B¿°v F¥v \∑ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ømepw AXn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn e`n-°-
W-sa∂ GI Dt±-iy-a-√m-sX, P\-ß-fn¬\n∂v AXvaqew Fs¥-¶nepw Hcp {]Xn-
êw e`n-°-W-sa∂ hnNm-c-an-√msX \√ hnjbßfn¬ [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-h-\mWv
Bfl]cn-ip-≤n-°p-th≠n [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-h≥ F∂v kmcw.
! 21! hgnsb Ah≥ Xo¿®-

bmbpw Xr]vXn AS- b p- I bpw
sNøpw.
!21! Xo¿®-bmbpw hgnsb Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏Spw
A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Isf kq£n®p Pohn-°p∂ `b-`-‡-cpw, Bfl-ip≤n
t\Sn-b-h-c-pamb Bfp-Iƒ°v \c-I-in£ Hgn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v am{X-a-√, aXn, aXn
F∂v Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-thmfw D∂-X-amb {]Xn-êw A√mlp Ah¿°v sImSp-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. ≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
5371
`mKw 30 ≈ë° dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 93 Zzplm
5372
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
≈ë° dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
93.kqd-Xp±zplm
Hcn-°¬ Ipd-®v Znh-kß ˜

- t- fmfw \_n °v hlvbpwsIm≠v Pn_vco¬ (A) hcm-
Xn-cn-°p-Ib - pw, "apl-ΩZ- ns\ Ahs‚ d∫v shSn-™n-cn-°p∂p' F∂v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ
]cn-lk - n®p ]d-bp-hm≥ XpSßpIbpw sNbvIb - p-≠mbn F∂pw, Cu Ah-kc - Ø
- n-
emWv Cu kqdØv Ah-Xc - n-®s
- X∂pw ]e cnhm-bØ - p-If
- nepw ImWmw. hni-Zmw-i-
ß-fn¬ hyXymkw ImWp-sa-¶nepw Ah-bpsS Npcp°w AXm-Wv. Iq´-Øn¬ G‰hpw
_e-hØ - mb cnhm-bØv CXm-Ip∂p: Pp≥Zp-_p_v\p A_vZn√m (d) ]d-bp∂p: "\_n
Xncp-ta\n ˜ Ht∂m-ct≠m cm{Xn kpJ-an-√m-bvIb - m¬ Fgp-t∂¬°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ib - p-≠m-
bn. Cu Ah-kc - Ø
- n¬ Hcp kv{Xo h∂v Cßs\ ]d™p: apl-Ωt- Z, \ns‚ ]nimNv
\ns∂ Dt]-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂√ - msX Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂n-√. Cu Ah-kc - Ø
- n-emWv
π«∏dGh ≈ë° dGh (F∂ Cu kqd-Øv) Ah-Xc- n-®X - v.'(A; _p; ap; Xn; \.)
Øn¬.
!1! ]q¿∆mlv\w Xs∂-bmW (k-
Xyw)!
!2! cm{Xn-X-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)
˛AXv im¥-am-Ip-tºmƒ!
!3! (\-_n-tb) \ns‚ d∫v \ns∂
hn´p- I - f - ™ n- ´ n- √ , (\n- t ∂m- S v)
Cu¿jyX Imń-bn-´p-an-√.
!4! \n›-b-am-bpw, ]c-temIw
\n\°v BZy-tem-IsØ [Cl-tem-
I-sØ]-°mƒ DØ-a-am-Ip-∂p.
5373
!5! hgnsb \ns‚ d∫v \n\°v
\n›-b-ambpw Xcp-Ibpw sNøpw.
At∏mƒ \o Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!1! ]q¿∆mlv\w (C-f-bp-®)-X-s∂-bmW !2! cm{Xn Xs∂-bmW
AXv im¥-am-Ip-tºmƒ, AS-ßn-bm¬, aqSn-bm¬ !3! \ns∂ hn´p-
I-f-™n-ń-√, Dt]-£n-®n-ń√, bm{X ]d-™p ]ncn-™n-ń√ \ns‚ d∫v
Ah≥ shdp∏v (tIm-]w˛ Cu¿jy-X) Imń-bn-´p-an√ !4! \n›-b-ambpw ]c-
tem-Iw, Ah-km-\t- Ø-Xp-Xs∂ \n\°v DØ-aa
- m-Wv, KpW-am-bX
- mWv
BZy-tem-I-sØ-°mƒ, BZy-tØ-Xn-s\-°mƒ !5! \n›-b-ambpw hgnsb
\n\-°v-X-cpw, \¬Ipw \ns‚ d∫v At∏mƒ \oXr-]vXn-s∏-Spw,
Xr]vXn ASbpw
shfn®w \¬In temIsØ D≥ta-j-`-cn-X-am-°p∂ ]I-en-s\-bpw, Ccp-´p-aqSn
temIsØ im¥-am-°p∂ cm{Xn-sb-bpwsIm≠v kXyw sNbvXt- i-jw, A√mlp \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n sb km¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Nne kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-
Iƒ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Xncp-ta\nsb A√mlp ssIsh-Sn-bp-Itbm ]pdw-X-
≈p-Itbm sNbvXn-ń√; Ahn-S-tØmSv Ah\v bmsXmcp shdpt∏m tIm]tam D≠m-
bn-´p-an√; A¬]Zn-hkw hlvbv h-cp-hm≥ Xma-kn®p t]mIp-∂-tXm, {]t_m-[-\-am¿K-
Øn¬ _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ t\cn-Sp-∂tXm A√mlp ssIsh-Sn-™-Xp-sIm≠v kw`-hn-°p-
∂-X-√. cmhpw ]Iepw t]mse, Ccp´pw shfn-®-hpw-t]mse kpJ-Zpx-J-k-Ωn-{i-amWv
Cu temIw. Chn-sS-sh®v A¬]w Nne hnj-a-ß-sf√mw kln-t°-≠n-h-∂mepw
]c-tem-IØv Xncp-ta-\n°v G‰hpw DØ-ahpw t¢i-c-ln-X-hp-amb Pohn-X-am-bn-cn°pw
kn≤n-°p-I. am{X-a-√, Xncp-ta-\n°v ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw Xr]vXn-h-cp-amdv th≠-sX√mw
A√mlp hgnsb sImSp-Ø-cp-fp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v X¬°mew £a
ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw, `mhn-sb-∏‰n kp{]-Xo-£-tbm-Sn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈pI
Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fpsS Xm¬]-cyw.
("A¬˛ BJn-dØv') F∂ hm°n\v "Ah-km-\-tØXv' F∂pw
("A¬˛ Duem') F∂ hm°n\v "BZy-tØXv' F∂p-amWv km£m¬ A¿∞w. ]c-
tem-IsØ Dt±-in-®mWv "A¬˛ BJn-dØv' Izp¿-B-\n¬ km[m-cW D]-tbm-Kn-°-
s∏-Sm-dp-≈-Xv. `mj-bnepw CXv km[m-c-W-amWv. AXp-sIm≠v ap^- n-dp-Iƒ an°-
hmdpw B A¿∞-amWv ChnsS kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v "A¬˛
Duem'°v "Cl-temIw' F∂pw A¿∞w I¬]n-°s ˜
- ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. \_n b
- psS Pohn-
X-Øns‚ As√-¶n¬ {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚˛ BZy-L-´hpw Ah-km-\-L-´-hp-amWv
ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Nne¿°v A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. Ckveman\v {]Nm-chpw hnP-bhpw
kn≤n-®Xv Ah-km-\-L-´-Øn-em-W-t√m. 5 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse hmKvZm-\hpw GXm≠v
CtX-Im-e-sØ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw Nne¿ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, \_n Xncp-
˜
ta\n °v A√mlp \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]mc-{Xn-I-amb A\p-{K-l-ßsf At]-
£n®v t\m°p-tºmƒ, Cl-Øn¬sh®v Xncp-ta-\n°v e`n® A\p-{K-l-ßƒ hfsc
5374
]cn-an-X-amWv F∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. F∂n-cn-s°, `mhnsb kw_-‘n® Cu hmKvZm-
\-ßƒ Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Ahn-Sp-tØ°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂
F√m A\p-{K-lß - sf-bpw˛ AXv Cl-Øn¬sh-®m-Is - ´, ]c-Øn¬sh-®m-Is
- ´˛ Dƒs∏-
Sp-Øp∂p F∂pw hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh. `mhn t\´-ß-sf-∏‰n kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø
Adn-bn-®-ti-jw, Ign-™-Im-eØv \¬I-s∏´ Nne A\p-{K-l-ßsf A√mlp
FSpØp ImWn-°p∂p:˛
!6! \ns∂ Ah≥ A\m-Y-\mbn

ImWp- I - b pw, F∂n´v (\n- \ - ° v )
B{ibw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXnt√?!
!7! \ns∂ Ah≥ hgn Adn-bm-
Ø-h-\mbn ImWp-I-bpw, F∂n´v
(\n- \ - ° v ) am¿K- Z ¿i\w \¬Ip-
!8! \ns∂ Ah≥ Zcn-{Z-\m-bn-Im-
Wp-I-bpw, F∂n´v (\n-\-°v) [\yX
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
!6! \ns∂ Ah≥ Is≠Øn (I-≠p-ap-ń˛ I≠n)t√ A\m-Y-\m-
bn´v F∂n´v Ah≥ A`bw (B-{ibw ˛c£) \¬In, tN¿Øp-X∂p !7!
\ns∂ Ah≥ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp hgn Adn-bmØ (sX-‰n-b˛
]cn-{`-an-®)-h-\m-bn´v F∂n-´-h≥ hgn-Im-ń-Ø-∂p, am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬In !8!
\ns∂-I-s≠-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp Zcn-{Z-\m-bn, {]mcm-_v[-°m-c-\mbn
F∂n-´-h≥ [\yX \¬In, [\w \¬In, ]cym-]vX-am°n
˜
\_n °v kn≤n® aq∂v A\p-{K-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-
°p-∂-Xv. (1) Ahn-Sp∂v Hcp A\m-Y-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ahn-Sp-tØ°v th≠p∂
B{ibhpw kwc-£-Whpw \¬In A\p-{K-ln-®p. AsX, AhnSp∂v K¿`Øn-em-bn-
cp-∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂ ]nXm-hpw, Bdp-h-b- m-b-t∏m-tg°v amXmhpw Ime-KXn AS-™p.
Aßs\ amXmhpw ]nXm-hp-an-√mØ Hc-\m-Y-\m-bn-Øo¿∂p. ]t£, BZyw ]nXm-a-
l-\pw, At±-l-Øn-s‚-tijw ]nXr-hy\pw Xncp-ta-\nsb Gs‰-SpØv ]cn-]m-en-°p-I-
bpw, hfsc Hma-\n®pw BZ-cn-®pw-sIm≠v hf¿Øn-t∏m-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {]hm-N-
IXzw e`n-®-t∏mƒ ]nXr-hy-\mb A_q-Xzm-en_v AXn¬ hniz-kn-®n-s√-¶nepw Xncp-
ta-\n-tbmSv hfsc A[nIw kvt\l-tØmSpw hm’-ey-tØm-Spw-IqSn s]cp-am-dn-sb∂v
am{X-a-√, i{Xp-°-fpsS A{I-a-a¿±-\-ßsf t\cn-´p-sIm≠v Xncp-ta-\nsb X∂m-em-
Ipw-hn[w klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. lnPvd-xbpsS A¬]w apºv A_q-Xzm-
en_v ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc Xncp-ta\n At±-l-Øns‚ kwc-£-W-Øn¬Xs∂
XpS¿∂ph-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ hntbm-K-Øn¬ Xncp-ta\n AXy-[nIw hyk-\n-°-bp-
≠m-bn. Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bm-sX, aZo\m \nhm-kn-Iƒ Xncp-ta-\nsb kz¥w IpSpw-_mw-
5375
K-ß-sf-t∏mse klm-bn-®p-sIm-≈m-sa∂v DS-ºSn sNøp-I-bpw, AX-h¿ XnI®pw
]men-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CsX√mw H∂m-asØ A\p-{K-l-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-´-Xm-Wv.
(2) t\¿h-gnbpw k≥am¿Khpw GXm-Wv, Fß-s\-bmWv Fs∂m∂pw Adn-bmØ
Bfm-bn-cp∂p Xncp-ta-\n. F¶nepw A√mlp Ahn-Sp-tØ°v k≥am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬In
A\p-{K-ln-®p. kzIp-Spw-_-Øn¬\n-t∂m, thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ hgntbm k≥am¿K-sa-¥m-
sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ahn-Sp-tØ°v Ah-kcw e`n-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. FgpØpw
hmb-\bpw Adn-™p-Iq-Sm. CXn-s\-∏‰n kqd: iqdm-bn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv C{]-
Im-c-amWv: (th-Z-{K-Ÿ-am-I-s´, kXy-hn-izm-k-am-
Is´ F¥m-sW∂v \n\°v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√, 42 : 52) Cß-s\-bp≈ Xncp-ta-
\nsb thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw t{ijvT-amb Hcp thZ-{KŸw \¬In A√mlp A\p-
{K-ln-®p. {]hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ t{ijvT-\pw, ka-kvX-tem-I-Øn-∂m-bp≈ dkq-ep-am°n
\ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(3) A\ysc B{i-bn®v Ign-bp-am-dp≈ Zmcn-{Zym-hÿ \o°n A\ym-{i-bw-Iq-SmsX
[\y-\mbn Ign-™p-Iq-S-Ø° \ne A√mlp Xncp-ta-\n°v \¬In. ]nXm-hn¬\n∂v
Xncp-ta-\n°v A\-¥-c-ambn Imcy-amb kzØp-°-sfm∂pw kn≤n-®n-cp-∂n-√. ]nXm-a-
l-s\-bpw, ]nXr-hy-s\bpw B{i-bn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. ]n∂o-Sv˛ Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-
°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp-X-s∂˛ kz]-Xv\n-bmb JZoPx (d) Xs‚ [\w-sIm≠v \_n sb ˜
klm-bn-®p-h-∂p. {]hm-N-IXzw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Xncp-ta\n I®-hSw \S-Øp-I-
bp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.-ln-Pvdx°v tijw A≥kzm-cn-I-fpsS klm-b-ßfpw kn≤n-®p.-]n-∂oSv
bp≤-ßf - n¬ e`n-°p∂ "K\o-aØv' kzØp-°f - n¬\n∂v \nb-am-\p-kr-Xa
- p≈ Hcp ]¶pw
Xncp-ta-\n°v A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aß-s\, AXym-h-iy-ßƒ a‰p-≈-hsc
B{i-bn-°msX Xń-\o-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-dp≈ ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-bp-≠mbn F∂¿∞w.
F∂-√m-sX, Xncp-ta\n Hcp [\m-Vy-t\m, e£-{]-`pthm Bbn-Øo¿∂p F∂v CXn-
\¿∞-an-√. Ncn{Xw Adn-bp-∂-h¿s°√mw Adn-bm-hp∂ Hcp ]c-am¿∞-am-Wn-Xv. Hcp
cmPm-hmb {]hm-N-I-\m-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Hcp {]hm-N-I-\mb ASn-bm-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm-
\mWv AhnSp∂v CjvS-s∏-´-Xv.
[\-Øn-\pw, [\y-X°pw Xncp-ta\n I¬]n-®n-´p≈ A¿∞w-Xs∂ C∂v \mw
AXn∂v I¬]n-°m-dp≈ A¿∞-a√ - . Xncp-ta\n I¬]n® A¿∞-Øn¬ t\m°p-tºmƒ,
Xncp-ta-\n-sb-°mƒ hºn® Hcp [\-hm≥ temI-Øn√ F∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.
Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-bp∂p: ¬«∏Y ≥Øàe - ¢ùØædG ≈æZ ≈æ¨dG øµdh ¢Vô©dG IÌc øY »æ¨dG ¢ù«d ([\w F∂Xv
hkvXp-°-fpsS B[nIyw sIm≠p-≈-X-√. ]t£, [\w a\- ns‚ [\y-X-bm-Wv.
(_p; ap) AsX, D≈-Xn¬ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-hm-\pw, A\ysc B{i-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p-
ap≈ a\-°-cp-Øp-≠m-bn-cn-°pI. CXmWv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-°¬ [\w.
!9!F∂n-cn-s°, A\m-Ysb \o
Iog-S-°n-sh-°-cp-Xv.
!10! tNmZn-®p-h-cp-∂-hs\ \o
anc-ń-hn-Sp-Ibpw Acp-Xv.
5376
!11! \ns‚ d∫ns‚ A\p-{K-l-
sØ-°p-dn®v \o h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-
Ibpw sNøp-I.
!9! F∂n-cns°, At∏mƒ A\m-Ysb \o Iog-S-°n-sh-°-cpXv,
tkz—m-[n-Imcw \S-Ø-cpXv !10! At∏mƒ tNmZn-°p-∂-hs\
\o anc-ń-hn-S-cpXv, Bń (B-t£-]n-®p) If-b-cpXv !11! At∏mƒ A\p-{K-
l-sØ-∏‰n \ns‚ d∫ns‚ \o h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-I, kwkm-cn-°pI
Zmcn-{Zy-Øn-s‚-bpw, A\m-Y-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw A\p-`-h-ßƒ t\cn-´-dn™ Bsf∂
ÿnXn°v A\m-Y-I-fp-sS-bpw, klmbw A¿∞n-®p-h-cp∂ km[p-°-fp-sSbpw ÿnXn-
˜
K-Xn-Iƒ \_n °v \√-t]mse Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-W-t√m. B \ne-°pw, A√mlp
X\n-°p-sNbvX A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v \µn-sb∂ \ne°pw Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬
{]tXyIw {i≤-sN-ep-tØ≠Xp-s≠-∂pw, Ahsc shdp-∏n-°p-Itbm AhtcmSv A]-
˜
a-cym-Z-bmbn s]cp-am-dp-Itbm sNø-cp-sX∂pw A√mlp \_n sb D]-tZ-in-°p-
∂p. Ign™ hN-\-ß-fn¬ Xncp-ta-\n°v kn≤n® aq∂v A\p-{K-l-ß-sf-bmWv FSp-
Øp-Im-ń-b-Xv. Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ AXp-t]mse aq∂v Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v D]-tZ-in-
˜
°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hN-\-ßƒ \_n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-
≠p≈XmsW-¶n-epw, hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah Hmtcm kXy-hn-izm-kn°pw _m[-I-am-
sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
1 ˛matØXv bØo-an-s\˛ ]nXmhv ac-W-s∏-Sp-Ibpw {]mb-]q¿Øn FØm-Xn-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvX A\m-Y-°p-ń-sb˛ Iog-S°n sh°-cp-sX-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. A\m-Y-°p-
ń-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ h∂n-´p≈ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw \_n-h-N-\-ßfpw kmam-\y-
am-sb-¶nepw Adn-bp-∂-h¿°v X¬hn-j-b-Øn\v Ckvemw I¬]n-®n´pff {]m[m\yw
as‰mcp aX-tam, kap-Zm-btam I¬]n-®nń-s√∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
2 ˛m-a-tØXv tNmZn®p hcp-∂-hs\ anc-ń-hn-S-cp-sX-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Iøn-ep-s≠-¶n¬
sImSp-°p-I, C√m-Ø-]£w \√-hm°v ]d™p hnSp-I, F∂-√msX Ah-t\mSv ]cp-
j-amb hm°p-Iƒ ]dt™m acym-Z-b-√mØ s]cp-am‰w s]cp-am-dntbm \nµn-°p-hm-
\pw, Bt£-]n-°p-hm\pw ]mSn√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. bmN\ Hcp \√ Imcy-a-√. Ckvemw
AXv CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. F¶nepw tNmZn-®p-h-cp-∂-h-t\mSv \√ \ne°v h¿Øn-°p-
∂Xv tNmZn- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ - h s‚ IS- a - b m- I p- ∂ p. Cu hnj- b - Ø nepw \_n Xncp-
˜
ta\n bpsS ]Xnhv ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. tNmZn-®p-h-cp∂ Hcm-sfbpw Ahn-
Sp∂v shdpw ItømsS aS°n hnń-cp-∂n√. H∂pw ssIh-i-an-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ kuay-
amb hm°v ]d-bp-Ibpw ]n∂oSv ssIhiw In´p-tºmƒ sImSp-°m-sa∂v hmKvZm\w
sNbvI-bpw, AXv \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
3 ˛matØXv A√mlp \¬Inb A\p-{K-l-ß-sf-°p-dn®v h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bpI
F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v e`n-®n-´p≈ A\p-{K-l-ßsf aqSn-
sh-°msX kt¥mjw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, IrX-⁄-Xm-]q¿hw kvacn-°p-Ibpw,
kµ¿t`m-NnXw {]kvXm-hn-°p-I-bpw, AXns‚ AS-bmfw ]pdsa {]I-S-am-bn-°m-Wp-
Ibpw sNøp-I. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ~j~°ûd »HGòY ¿G ”ôØc øÄdh ºµf~jR’ ”ôµ°T øÄd(\n-ßƒ \µn-
5377
Im-Wn-°p-∂-]£w \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v h¿≤n-∏n-®p-X-cpw. \nßƒ \µn-
tI- S p- I m- ´ n- s b- ¶ ntem \n›- b - a mbpw Fs‚ in£ ITn- \ - a m- b - X p- a m- W v . (kqd:
C_vdmlow, 7) \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ ]d-bp∂p: "Xs‚ ASn-bm-s‚-ta¬ Xm≥ sNbvX
A\p-{K-l-Øns‚ AS-bmfw Ahs‚ ta¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\ A√mlp CjvS-s∏-
Sp-∂p.' (Xn.) [\hpw Ignhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n´pw XmW-Xcw hkv{Xw [cn-®p-I≠ Hcm-
tfmSv Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: "F∂m¬ A√mlp X\n°v [\w X∂n-´p≈
ÿnXn°v A√mlp sNbvX A\p-{K-lØ - n-s‚bpw am\y-Xb
- p-sSbpw AS-bmfw X∂n¬
ImW-s∏-Ss´' (A; \). ]t£, kt¥m-j-sa∂ \ne-°pw, \µn-bm-bn-s°m-≠p-a-√m-
sX˛ Al-¶m-chpw Zpc-`n-am-\-hp-am-bns°m≠v˛ A√mlp sNbvX A\p-{K-l-ßsf
FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂-Xpw-, {]I-S-am-°p-∂Xpw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
5378
`mKw 30 ìGô°ûf’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 94 C≥in-dmlv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ìGô°ûf’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
94.kqd-Xp¬ C≥in-dmlv
Øn¬.
!1! (\-_n-tb) \ns‚ s\©v
[lrZbw] \n\°v \mw hnim-ea
- m-°n-
Ø-∂nt√?!
!2! \ns‚ `mcw \n∂n¬\n∂v
\mw (C-d-°n)-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p∂p;˛
!3! (A-sX) \ns‚ apXp-Ins\
sRcp-°n-°-f-™-Xmb (B `mcw).
!4! \ns‚ Io¿Øn \n\°v \mw
Db¿Øn-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂p.
!1! \mw hnI-kn-∏n®p (hn-im-e-s∏-Sp-Øn) X∂nt√ \n\°v
\ns‚ s\©v (lr-Z-bw) !2! \mw (C-d-°n˛ XmgvØn)-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp
\n∂n¬\n∂v \ns‚ `mcw (hn-j-aw) !3! HSn®p If™ (sR-
cp-°n-b)-Xmb \ns‚ apXpIv, ]pdsØ !4! \mw Db¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp
\n\°v \ns‚ Io¿Øn, kvacW
˜
Ign™ kqd-Øn¬I-≠-Xp-t]m-se, A√mlp \_n °v sNbvXp-sIm-SpØ Nne
al-Ømb A\p-{K-l-ßsf A\p-kva-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Ahn-Sp-tØ°v a\- -am-[m-\hpw
5379
ip`-{]-Xo-£bpw D≠m-°p-∂-h-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fpw. A√mlp a\p-jy\v \¬Ip∂
AXn-a-l-Ømb Hcp A\p-{K-l-as{X lrZ-b-hn-im-e-X. ss[cyw, £a, kl-\w, hn\-
bw, Zb, ZrV-a-\-kvI-X, kXym-t\z-jWw apX-emb D¬IrjvS KpW-ßƒ AXns\
B{i-bn-°p-∂p. hnPvRm-\w, ZrV-hn-izm-kw, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw ]c-tem-I-sØbpw
Ipdn-®p≈ t_m[w BZn-bm-bh AXns\ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-∂p. ko\m-Xmgvhc-
bn¬sh®v aqkm \_n (A)sb A√mlp dkq-embn \ntbm-Kn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw
sNbvX H∂m-asØ {]m¿∞\ (d-t∫, F\n°v Fs‚ lrZbw
\o hnim-e-am-°n-Ø-tc-W-ta.) F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. (kqd: Xzmlm.) CXn¬\n-∂p-Xs∂
AXns‚ {]m[m\yw a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
lrZ-b-hn-im-eX e`n-®-h-cn¬ H∂m-asØ ÿm\w \_n Xncp-ta-\n °v Xs∂. ˜
Ahn-SptØmSpw Ahn-SpsØ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSpw Izpssd-in-Iƒ A\p-h¿Øn-®p-h∂
i{Xp-Xbpw [n°m-chpw {]kn-≤-am-Wv. a°m-hn-P-b-Zn-hkw Ah¿ Xncpta-\n-bpsS
apºn¬ Iøpw-sIń Xß-fpsS t]cn¬ FSp-°p∂ GXv \S-]-Snbpw kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥
Xøm-dm-bn-s°m≠v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hn[nbpw ImØp-\n-∂-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n Ah-tcmSv
]d-™s - X-¥mWv? "F√m-hcpw t]mbn-s°m-≈p-I. \nßƒ°v hnSp-X¬ X∂n-cn-°p∂p'
( ) F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°¬ Iq´p-Im-cn¬\n∂v H‰-s∏´v Hcp hr£-
Øn-\-SpØv \ncm-bp-[-\mbn hn{i-a-sa-Sp-°p-tºmƒ "Bcp≠v' Ct∏mƒ \ns∂ c£n-
°p-hm≥?! F∂p ]d™p hmtfm-ßn-s°m≠v s]s´∂v BK-X-\mb i{Xp-thmSv
"A√mlp' F∂v Xncp-ta\n k[ocw DØcw ]d-™p. i{Xp-hns‚ ssI Xf¿∂p-t]m-
bn. hmƒ \ne-Øvho-Wp. AtX hmƒ Xncp-ta\n Iøn-se-Sp-Øp. ]t£, hmƒ i{Xp-
hns‚ t\sc \o´p-Ib- √ am∏v \¬In t]mbn-s°m-≈p-hm≥ A\p-hZ- n-°p-Ib - mWv Ahn-
Sp∂v sNbvX-Xv. kz¥w \mńepw IpSpw-_-Ønepw \n¬°-s∏m-dp-Xn-bn-√msX klm-
b-a¿∞n-®p-sN-∂-t∏mƒ Aßm-Sn-∏nt-≈sc hn´p Is√-dn™p Imen¬\n∂v c‡w
Hgp°n Bńhn´ XzmC-^p-Im-sc-°p-dn®v Ahn-Sp∂v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-®Xv
Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p! "A√m-lpth, Fs‚ P\-ßƒ°v s]mdpØv sImSp-t°-W-ta,
˜
Ah¿°v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm.' (¿ƒª∏©j ’ º¡fEG »eƒ≤d ôØZG º¡∏dG) \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS Ncn-
{X-Øn¬ [mcm-f-°-W-°n¬ sXfn™p ImWm-hp∂ CØcw kw`-h-ß-sf√mw Ahn-
SpsØ lrZ-b-hn-im-e-X-bpsS ê-a-s{X.
{]t_m-[-\-am¿KØn¬ G¿s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ {]Xn-_-‘-ßƒ, thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-
sfbpw aX-Im-cy-ßsfbpw kw_-‘n® A]-cn-Nn-XXzw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hnj-a-ß-
sf√mw {ItaW A√mlp \o°n-s°mSpØ-Xn-s\-∏-‰nbmWv \ns‚ apXp-Ins\ sRcp-
°p∂ `mcw Cd-°n-sh-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂v ]d-™-Xv. `qap-JØv CkvemwaXw
Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ Ime-tØm-fw˛ AXv temIm-h-km\whsc Ah-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw˛ Cl-Øn¬ Ahn-SpsØ t]cpw Io¿Ønbpw \ne-\n¬°p-sa∂v Xo¿®-bm-
Wv. temI-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-KØpw \nh-kn-°p∂ apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Npcp-ßn-bXv
Zn\w-{]Xn A©p-t\-csØ _m¶p-hn-fn-I-fn-epw, \a-kvIm-c-ß-fnepw Ahn-SpsØ \maw
D®-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Izp¿B\pw CkvemanI hn⁄m-\ß - fpw temIØv
\ne-hn-ep≈ Imew Ahn-SpsØ t]cpw {]i-kvXnbpw Hcn-°epw am™p-t]m-Ip-∂-
Xp-a-√. th≠m Ahn-SpsØ {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°mØ AapkvenwIƒ°n-S-
bn¬t]mepw ˛Hcp Xc-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp Xc-Øn¬˛ Ahn-SpsØ KpW-K-W-ß-
5380
sf-∏‰n kvacn-°-s∏´p hcp-∂p. `qtem-IØv am{X-a-√, hm\-tem-IØv ae-°p-Iƒ°n-S-
bn¬ Xncp-ta\n Io¿Øn-am≥ Xs∂. ]c-tem-IØv F√m {]hm-N-I≥am-cnepw D]-cn-
˜
bmb ÿm\- a m- \ - ß ƒ \_n °v A√mlp \¬Ip∂XmsW∂pw Izp¿- B -
\n¬\n∂pw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂pw s]mXp-hn¬ Adn-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. ta¬ {]kvXm-
hn® A\p-{K-l-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-®-tijw, AXn-{]-[m-\-hpw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°m-I-
am\w a\- a- m-[m\w \¬Ip-∂X - p-amb Hcp XXz-bm-Ym¿∞yw A√mlp DW¿Øp∂p:˛
!5! At∏mƒ, (A-dn-bpI:) \n›-

b-ambpw sRcp-°-tØm-Sp-IqSn Hcp
kuIcyw (A- Y hm Ffp- ∏ w)
D≠mbn-cn-°pw.
! 6! \n›- b - a mbpw sRcp- ° -
tØm-Sp-IqSn Hcp kuIcyw (A-Yhm
Ffp-∏w) D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
!5! At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬) \n›-b-ambpw sRcp-°-tØm-Sp-IqSn ({]-
bm-k-Øns‚ H∏w) D≠v Hcp kuIcyw, Ffp∏w !6! \n›-b-ambpw
sRcp-°-tØm-sSm-∏-ap≠v Hcp kuIcyw
\mw kZm Hm¿an-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xpw, Hm¿an-°p-∂-h¿°v Pohn-X-Øn¬ \nXy-a-\- -am-
[m-\hpw k¬{]-Xo-£bpw {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xp-amWv Cu c≠v sNdp-h-N-\-ßƒ.
Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ _m[n-°p∂ GXp-Xcw sRcp-°-am-I-s´, AXns\ XpS¿∂v Hcp
Bizm-khpw kuI-cyhpw D≠m-Ip-I-Xs∂ sNøp-sa∂v A√mlp Bh¿Øn-®p-d-
∏n®p ]d-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
sRcp-°-tØmSpIqSn kuIcyw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Hcp {]mhiyw ]d-™p-a-Xn-
bm-°m-sX, c≠p-{]m-hiyw ]d-bp-I-bpw, Hmtcm hmN-I-Ønepw ¿G (\n-›-b-am-bpw)
F∂ Ahybw tN¿Øv i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. IqSm-sX, hmN-I-
L-S-\-bn¬ as‰mcp cl-kyw-IqSn A√mlp Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw: sRcp-
°-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™-t∏mƒ "A¬ Dkv¿' ( ) F∂v ∫G tN¿Øp ]d™v kuI-cy-
sØ-°p-dn®v ]d™t∏mƒ "bpkvd≥' ( ) F∂v ∫G tN¿°m-sXbpw ]d-™p. Ad-
_n-`mjm apd-{]-Imcw ∫G F∂ Ahybw tN¿°-s∏´ ]Zw áaô©e ({]-tXy-I-\m-aw) Bbn-
cn-°pw. ∫G tN¿°-s∏SmØ (øjƒæJ kln-X-ap-≈) ]Zw Iôµf (km-am-\y-\m-aw) bpam-bn-cn-
°pw. (*) CX-\p-k-cn®v H∂m-asØ hmN-I-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn® AtX "sRcp°w'
( ) Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw c≠m-asØ hmN-I-Ønse "sRcp°'hpw. t\sc-a-dn®v
"kuIcyw' (ô°ùj) BI-s´, c≠v hmN-I-Øn-teXpw sht∆sd Bbn-cn-°bpw thWw.
At∏mƒ Cu c≠v hmN- I - ß fpw kmcw GXm- ≠ n- ß n- s \- b m- b n- c n°pw: "Hcp
{]tXyIamb sRcp°w kw`-hn-°p-∂-]-£w AtXm-sSm∏w GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-
(*) AXp-sIm-≠mWv C{]-Im-c-ap≈ kmam-\y-\m-a-ßƒ hnh¿Ø\w sNøp-
tºmƒ "Hcp' Ft∂m at‰m tN¿Øv ae-bm-f-Øn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
5381
ep≈ Hcp ku-Icyw˛ H∂-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-∂v˛ Xo¿®-bmbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.'
Cu c≠v hN-\-ßƒ HmXn-s°m≠v \_n ˜
C{]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn Hcp
lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p≠v: "Hcp sRcp°w c≠v kuI-cysØ Pbn-°p-I-bn-√-X-s∂.
(√ÒZh ôjôL øHG ` øjô°ùj ô°ùY Ö∏¨j ød øjô°ùj ô°ùY Ö∏¨j ød)' ta¬ hnh-cn® `mjm-\n-b-asØ
ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv Cu \_n-h-N-\-hpw.
A_p-lm-Xnw-kn-P-kvXm\o (d) ]mSn-b-sX{X hmkvXhw:˛
oÖ«MsôdG oQr~s°üdG p¬pH Énªpd n¥É°Vnh Ü
o ƒo∏≤o dG ¢SCÉ«n dG ≈n∏Yn â
r ∏ªà°TG GnPGp
Ü
o ƒo£ÿ
o G Én¡æpc ÉneG »pa â
r °n SnQGn hn âsfÉnªWGh √o Qp ÉµnŸG ä
p ÉC Wn hr Gn h
ÖjQn’G p¬pàn∏«ëpH »pænZG n’nh É¡Lh ô° dG p±Én°ûpµfp’ nônJ rºndnh
oÖ«pénàr°ùoŸG o∞«£s∏dG p¬pH øoªnj lçrƒZ n∂æue m•ƒ°ùob ≈n∏nY n∑ÉnJG
Öjpô≤n dG êo ôn Øn dG Én¡Hp ∫l ƒo°Urƒªn an â
r gn ÉnæJn GnPGp ä
p ÉnKOp Én◊G πochn
(kmcw:˛ lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ \ncmi h∂p-aq-Sp-I-bpw, hnim-e-s∏´ lrZbw AXp-aqew
IpSp- m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw A\n-jvS-kw-`-h-ßƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn HØp-tN¿∂v NS-™p-
Iq-Sp-I-bpw, X¬ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ B]-Øp-Iƒ \¶q-c-ap-d-∏n-°p-Ibpw, D]-{Zhw \oßp-
hm-\p≈ Hcp am¿Khpw \o ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-Ib - pw, _p≤n-ams‚ Iui-ew-sIm≠v AXn\v
]cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ, AXm˛ \o \ncm-i-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-
sh˛ \n\-s°mcp klmbw hs∂-Øp∂p! ({]m¿∞-\-°v) DØcw \¬Ip∂ B
kuay-io-e≥ (A-√mlp) AXv {]Zm\w sNøp∂p F√m hn]-Øp-I-fpw-X-s∂, Ah-
km-\-sa-Øn-°-gn-™m¬ Bk-∂-amb Hcp Xpdhn AtXmSp tN¿∂p-sIm-≠p-≠m-bn-
cn-°pw.) A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!7! BI-bm¬, \n\°v Hgnhv

Inń-bm¬ \o A≤zm-\n-®p-sIm-≈p-
I.
!8! \ns‚ c£n-Xm-h-¶-te-°p-
Xs∂ \o B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-°v-
Ibpw sNøp-I.
!7! BI-bm¬ \o Hgn-hm-bm¬ (\n-\°v Hgnhv Inń-bm¬) \o
A≤zm-\n-°pI (]-cn-{iaw sNøp-I) !8! \ns‚ d∫n-¶-te°v \o
B{K-ln®p (B-{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-®p) sIm≈pI
sRcp-°-ß-sf-Øp-S¿∂v kuI-cy-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v DW¿Øn-b-ti-jw˛
˜
{]Xy-£-Øn¬ \_n Xncp-ta-\n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠m-sW-¶n-epw˛ kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v s]mXpsh A√mlp al-Ømb D]-tZiw Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ \¬In-
bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Hgn-hp-In-ń-bm¬ A≤zm-\n-°-Ww, B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv˛
5382
AYhm At]£ ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv˛ A√m-lp-hn-¶-te-°m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂s{X AXv.
C∂n∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-bm¬ Ft∂m, C∂n∂ hnj-b-ß-fn¬ A≤zm\w
sNø-Ws - at∂m {]tXyIw hy‡-am-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv hfsc A¿∞-hØ - m-Ip-∂p. sFln-
I-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgnhv In´p-tºmƒ ]mc-{XnI Imcy-Øn-epw, i{Xp-hp-am-bp≈
ka-c-Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-hp-In-´p-tºmƒ tZtl-—-I-tfmSpw ]nim-Nn-t\m-Sp-ap≈ ka-c-Øn-
epw, P\-ß-fpambn _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-Ip-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn-epw, hy‡n-]-c-amb Bh-iy-ß-fn¬\n∂v kzÿ-am-Ip-tºmƒ
kap-Zm-bØ - ns‚ s]mXp-Im-cy-Øn-epw, \n¿_‘ I¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp-Xo¿∂m¬ sF—n-
I-amb I¿aß-fn-epw, ]I-esØ tPmen-Øn-c-°p-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-®m¬ cm{Xn \a-
kvIm-c-Øn-epw, \a-kvImcw Xo¿∂m¬ {]m¿∞-\-bnepw Cßs\ Hcp hnj-b-Øn-
ep≈ {i≤-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-hp-In-´p-tºmƒ as‰mcp \√ hnj-b-Øn¬ {i≤-]-Xn-t°-≠-
Xm-sW-∂p≈ al-Ømb Hcp kmtcm-]-tZ-i-as{X CXv.
Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ {i≤ ]Xn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-s°, as‰mcp Imcy-Øn¬ th≠{X
{i≤-]-Xn-°p-hm≥ a\p-jy\v km≤y-a-√. (Hcp a\p-
jy\pw Xs∂ Ahs‚ D≈n¬ A√mlp c≠v lrZ-b-ßsf G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń√. 33:
4) `£-W-Øns‚ apºn¬sh-®pw, ae-aq-{X-hn-k¿÷-\-Øn\v ap´p-tºmgpw \a-kvI-cn-
°-cp-sX∂v hntcm-[n-°p∂ (apkvenw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b) \_n-h-N\w Cu XXzsØ
Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bm-Ip-∂p. Hgn-hp-k-abw GsX-¶n-epw Xc-Øn¬ kz¥w \∑°v D]-
tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°p∂ ]£w AXv a\p-jy\v t\cn-Sp∂ Xocm-\-jvS-am-bn-cn-°pw.
Imc-Ww, B kabw ]ns∂m-cn-°epw Ah\v Xncn-®p-In-´p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. \_n ˜
Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p: …QÉîÑdG - ÆGôØdGh áë°üdG ¢SÉædG øe Òãc Éª¡«a ¿ƒÑë ¿Éàª©f (c≠v A\p-{K-l-ß-
fp-≠v, Ah-bn¬ an° a\p-jycpw \jvSw _m[n-°p-∂-h-cmWv; Btcm-Kyhpw Hgn-hp-
k-a-b-hpw. (_p.)
GsXmcp Imcyhpw \n¿hln-°p-hm≥ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ klmbw A\n-
hm-cy-am-Wv. AXns‚ ]cy-h-km\w \∂m-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ Ahs‚ AwKo-I-c-Whpw
A\n-hmcyw Xs∂. AXns‚ bYm¿∞ {]Xn-êw Ah-\n¬\n-∂p-am{Xw e`n-t°-
≠-Xp-am-Wv. At∏mƒ, F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ahs‚ apºn¬ B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-t°-
≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p. Ah-t\m-Sp-am-{Xta AXv {]I-Sn-∏n-®n´v êhpw D≠m-Ip-I-bp-
≈q. ]mc-{Xn-I-sa-t∂m, sFln-I-sa-t∂m, aX-]-c-sa-t∂m, euIn-I-sat∂m Dff
hyXymkw IqSm-sX, F√m \√ Imcy-Øn\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ At]£
ka¿∏n-°m-hp-∂Xpw ka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. sNcp-∏ns‚ hm¿ apdn-bp-tºmgpw `£-
W-Øn\v D∏v Bh-iy-am-bn-hc
- p-tºm-gpw-IqSn AXn-\p-th≠n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-
°p-hm≥ lZoYn¬ \n¿t±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. (Xn.) C{Xbpw \n m-c-s∏´ Imcy-
ßƒt]mepw A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bw-Iq-SmsX km[y-am-Ip-∂-X-s√∂v A¬]w
Btem-Nn-°p-∂-h¿°v Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, h≥Im-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-
tb-≠-Xpt≠m?! GsXmcp Imcy-Øn\pw {]m¿∞n®p NpΩm Ccp-∂m¬ t]mcm-˛ Hmtcm-
∂nepw Ah-c-h¿°-dn-bp-∂Xpw Ign-bp-∂-Xp-amb {ia-ßƒ sNbvIbpw th≠-Xp-≠v˛
F∂v ]d-tb≠Xn-√. ]t£, B {iaw ê-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw A√m-lp-hm-W-t√m.
F√m-bvt∏mgpw ZpB sNøm≥ ]‰n-b-Xpw, ta¬ Nq≠n-°m-ńb hkvXp-X-Iƒ a\-
n-em-°p-hm≥ DX-Ip-∂-Xpw, \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
ZpB sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn
5383
Camw apkvenw (d) D≤-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xpamb Hcp ZpB ChnsS D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-
°pw:˛
≈pd ín∏°UGnh ≈p°TÉ©ne Én¡«pa ≈pàsdG iÉn«rfoO ≈pd ríp∏°UGh iôeG oánªr°üY nƒog iòsdG ≈æjO ≈pd íp∏r°UG sºo¡s∏dnG
` ôu °n T π
u co øpe ≈ud ák MGQ ä
k ÉªŸG π
n ©p Lr Gnh Ò
p Nn π
u cr ≈pa IOÉjR In ƒ«n◊G π
p ©n Lr Gh ipOÉ©ne Én¡«pa ≈pàds G ≈pJôn Np G
º∏°ùe √GhQ
kmcw: "A√m-lp-th, Fs‚ Imcy-Øns‚ c£-bm-Ip∂ Fs‚ aX-\njvT \o
F\n°v \∂m-°n-Ø-tc-Wta! Fs‚ Pohn-X-am¿Kw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xmb Fs‚
sFln-I-Po-hn-Xhpw \o F\n°v \∂m-°n-Ø-tc-Wta! Fs‚ aS-°-ÿew Dƒs°m-
≈p∂ Fs‚ ]mc-{XnI Pohn-Xhpw \o F\n°v \∂m-°n-Ø-tc-Wta! Cu PohnXw
F√mhn[ \∑-bnepw F\n°v h¿≤-\h - m-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw thWta! ac-WsØ F√m-
hn[ Xn∑-bn¬\n∂pw F\n°v Bizm-k-am-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw thWta!'
∂«Ñf AÉY~H ∑ƒY~fh ∂«dG ÖZôf ÉfG º¡∏dG
π° ØdGh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂dh º¡∏dG
5384
`mKw 30 ÚqàdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 95 Xo≥
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ÚqàdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
95.kqd-XpØo≥
Øn¬.
!1! AØn-X-s∂-bm-W, Heohpw
Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
!2! ko\m-]¿h-Xh
- pw-Xs
- ∂-bmW
(k-Xyw)!
!3! Cu \n¿`-b-cm-Pyhpw Xs∂-
bmW (k-Xyw)!
!4! Xo¿®-bmbpw a\p-jys\
\mw G‰hpw \√ ]mI-X-bn-embn
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
!5! ]n∂oSv Ahs\ \mw A[-

a≥am- c n¬ G‰hpw A[- a - \ m- ° n-
Øo¿Øp,˛
! 6! hniz- k n- ° p- I - b pw,
k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbv X - h sc Hgn- s I. F∂m¬,
Ah¿°m-I-s´, apdn-™p-t]m-ImØ
{]Xn-^-e-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
5385
!1! AØn-X-s∂-bmW Heohv Xs∂-bmW !2!
ko\o≥ (ko-\m) ]¿hXw Xs∂-bmW !3! Cu cmPyw Xs∂-bmW
\n¿`-b-am-b, hniz-kvX-amb !4! Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw krjvSn-®n-cn-
°p∂p a\p-jys\ G‰hpw \√-Xn¬ ]mI-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ (]m-I-
X), cq]w icn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬, sNm∆m-°¬ !5! ]n∂oSv \mw Ahs\ aS°n
(B-°o-Øo¿Øp) G‰w A[-a≥, XmW-h-\mbn A[-a≥am-cn¬, XmW-
h-cn¬ !6! bmsXm-cp-hs
- cm-gnsI hniz-kn® k¬°¿a-
ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvX F∂m-eh
- ¿°p-≠m-bn-cn°pw {]Xn-ê
- w, Iqen
apdn-°-s∏-Sm-Ø, Zm£nWyw ]d-b-s∏-SmØ
AØn-hr£w \ΩpsS \mń¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n-epw, Atd-_y-bn-se˛ hnti-jn®pw
ê-kvXo≥ \mSp-I-fn-se˛ AØn°v ]e hnti-j-X-I-fp-ap-≠v. ]g-Øns‚ hep-∏w,
BIr-Xn, kzmZv, {]tbm-P\w F∂n-hb - n-se√mw AXv hfsc sa®-s∏-´X - m-Ip-∂p. Btcm-
Ky-I-c-amb Hcp `£y-h-kvXp-hpw, Huj-[-hocyw \nd-™-Xpw, apgp-h≥ Awi-ßfpw
Xn∂m≥sIm-≈p-∂X - p-am-WX
- v. Heo-hp-ac- a
- m-Is
- ´, AXns‚ tI{µw-Xs∂ ê-kvXo\pw
]cn-kc - ß
- f
- p-am-Ip-∂p. Heo-hns‚ Imb hfsc {][m-\s - ∏´ Hcp FÆ-hn-Øm-Wv. AXp-
sIm≠v {]tXy-I-Xcw Idnbpw D≠m-°m-dp-≠v. AXn¬\n-s∂-Sp-°p∂ FÆ-bmWv
"ssksØÆ' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Heo-sh-Æ. FÆ-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬
CXn∂pw {]m[m\yw IqSpw. Idn-bm-bpw, acp-∂m-bpw, te]-\-am-bpw, hnf-s°-Æ-bmbpw
AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
aqkm \_n (A)°v {]hm-N-IXzw kn≤n-®Xpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ kwkmcw tI´-
Xpw, XudmØv e`n-®Xpw ko\m-]¿∆-X-Øn¬sh-®m-Wv. "ko\o≥' F∂pw "ssk\m'
F∂pw AXn\v ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. aqkm (A)-s‚bpw Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cp-sSbpw Ncn{Xw
B ]¿∆-X-hp-ambn ]e \ne°pw _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. "Cu \n¿`-b-amb cmPyw'sIm≠v
hnh£ a°m-cm-Py-a-s{X. Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-°p∂ ImeØv \_n ˜ Ahn-sS-
bm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. Ahn-sS-sh®v sIme, lnwk XpS-ßn-b-sXm∂pw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-
sIm-≠mWv AXns\ \n¿`-b-amb cmPyw F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
a°xbpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n A[n-I-sam∂pw hnh-cn-t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√.
Cu \mev hkvXp-°-sf-s°m≠pw BW-bn-´p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂ Imcy-sa-
¥m-sW∂v t\m°mw: a\p-jys\ Ah≥ G‰hpw \√ Hcp ]mI-X-bn-em-bn-´mWv
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. imco-cn-I-am-bpw, _p≤n-]-c-am-bpw, Bflo-b-ambpw F√mw-Xs∂
Ah≥ CX-c-Po-hn-I-sf-°mƒ D¬Ir-jvS-\m-Ip-∂p. Ah-s\-°mƒ F{Xtbm hºn®
hkvXp-°-sf-t∏mepw Iosgm-Xp-°p-hm-\pw, AS°n `cn-°p-hm\pw th≠p∂ ]Iz-Xbpw
]mI-Xbpw Ah\v A√mlp \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, AtX a\p-jy-s\-Øs∂ ,
Ah≥ kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-]£w G‰hpw henb A[-
a-\m°n A√mlp Xcw-Xm-gvØp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AYhm Ah≥ A√m-
lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ Atß-b‰w ZpjvS\pw \nIr-jvS-\p-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]c-te-mIØv
Ah\v e`n-°p∂ {]Xn-êw {]Xn-ê - ß
- f - n¬ sh®v G‰hpw timN-\o-bhpw \nµyhpw
Bbn-cn-°pw. kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-I-s´˛ krjvSym D≈
Ah-cpsS D¬IrjvSX°v ]pd-sa˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°epw Ah¿ D¬Ir-jvS-∑m¿
5386
Xs∂. Ah¿°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ {]Xn-^-e-am-I-s´, Imem-Imew tXam-\tam
`wKtam IqSmsX imiz-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
(XIzvhow) F∂ hm°n\v ¬jƒ°ùJ ,ôjƒ°üJ ,πj~©J ,∞«≤ãJ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ A¿∞-
ß-fmWv Ad_n \nL-≠p-°-fn-epw, Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-\-{K-Ÿ-ßfnepw sImSp-Øp-
Im-Wp-∂-Xv. ]mI-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, ka-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, InS-sbm-∏n-°p-I, A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-
I, kwkvI-cn-°p-I, cq]w \¬Ip-I, icn-s∏-Sp-ØpI' F∂n-ßs\ B ]Z-ßƒ°v
ae-bm-f-Øn¬ hnh¿Ø-\hpw \¬Imw. CsX√mw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv \mw
apI-fn¬ hmbn® A¿∞hpw hymJym-\hpw 4 ˛mw hN-\-Øn\v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
Camw dmKn_v (d) At±-l-Øns‚ {]kn≤ Izp¿-B≥ \nL-≠p-hmb "A¬ap-
^vdZmØn'¬ Cu hN\w D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v Cßs\ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: ¤G IQÉ°TG ∂dPh
äGOôØŸG - ⁄É©dG Gòg ≈a Ée πc ≈∏Y AÓ«à°SG ≈∏Y ádG~dG áeÉ≤dG ÜÉ°üàfGh º¡ØdGh π≤©dG øe ¿É°ùf’G ¬H ¢üNÉe(kmcw:
Cu temIØv F√m-‰n-s\bpw AS°n `cn-°p-hm≥ ]‰p-sa∂v ImWn-°p∂ _p≤n,
{Kl-W-i-‡n, \nh¿∂ ico-c-\ne apX-embn a\p-jy\v {]tXyIw \¬I-s∏-ń-´p≈
Imcy-ß-fn-te-°mWv Cu hN\w Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv.)
! 7! (\- _ n- t b) F∂n- c n- s °,
]n∂oSv {]Xn-ê \S-]S- n-sb-°p-dn®v
\ns∂ hymP-am-°p-∂Xv F¥mWv
[Fs¥mcp \ymb-am-W-Xn-\p-≈Xv?!]
!8! A√mlp hn[n-I¿Øm-°-
fn¬sh®v G‰hpw (h-en-b) hn[n-
I¿Øm-h-√tbm?!
!7! F∂n-cns° (A-t∏mƒ) F¥mWv \ns∂ hymP-am-°p-∂Xv
]n∂o-Sv, tijw {]Xn-ê \S-]-Sn-sb-∏-‰n, aX-sØ-°p-dn®v !8!
A√mlp A√tbm G‰hpw henb (\-√) hn[n-I¿Ømhv hn[n-
I¿Øm-°-fn¬
"A√msX! (Xo¿®-bmbpw AsX.) Rm\pw AXn\v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-cn¬s]-
´-h-\m-Wv. (øj~gÉ°ûdG øe ∂dP »∏Y ÉfGh »∏H) F∂ Cu hN\w HmXp-∂-h¿ ]d-tb-≠-Xp-
s≠∂v kqd-Øp¬ ap¿k-em-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ \mw D≤-cn® lZo-Yn¬ {]kvXm-
hn-®Xv Hm¿°p-I.
a\p-jys‚ \ne-bpw, \ne-hm-chpw apI-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ńb {]Im-c-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-
s°, Ah≥ Hcp hnNm-c-W-sbbpw {]Xn-^-e-sØbpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v Cu P\-
ß-tfmSv ]d-bp-tºmƒ, AXns\ hymP-am°n \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ ]ns∂ F¥p≠v
\ymbw?! F¥p≠v ImcWw?! H∂p-an-√, tIhew a¿°S-ap-jvSnbpw [n°m-chpw X-
s∂. F∂m¬, A√mlp km[m-cW hn[n-I¿Øm-°s - f-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp hn[nI¿Øm-
h-√. Ah≥ F√m hn-[n-I¿Øm-°-sf°mfpw -G-‰hpw henb bp‡n-am-\pw, i‡n-am-
\pw, A[n-Im-c-ÿ-\p-amb hn[n-I¿Øm-hm-Wv. CX-h¿ Hm¿Øn-cn-°s´! F∂v kmcw.
!áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬q∏dh!
5387
`mKw 30 ≥∏©dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 96 AeIzv
5388
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
≥∏©dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
96.kqd-Xp¬ AeIzv
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n °v H∂m-a-Xmbn Ah-X-cn® Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ Dƒs°m-
≈p-∂-XmWv Cu kqd-Øv. Xncp-ta-\n°v {]hm-N-IXzw kn≤n-®Xpw AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-
Wv. Camw AlvaZv, _pJm-cn, apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ BCix (d)-bn¬\n∂pw D≤-
cn-®n-´p≈ B kw`-h-Øns‚ kw{Klw C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p:˛
˜
"dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n °v BZyw D≠m-bXv bYm¿∞-am-bn-∏p-ec - p∂ kz]v\ß
- ƒIm-
W-em-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv P\-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ B{Klw tXm∂n. Aß-
s\, Ahn-Sp∂v lndm-aebnse Kpl-bn¬s®∂v Iptd Znh-k-ß-tfmfw hoń-te°v
hcmsX AhnsS Bcm-[\ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. sIm≠p-t]mb `£-W-
km-[-\-ßƒ Xocp-tºmƒ ho≠pw JZoPx (d)-bpsS ASp-°¬h∂v A{X-\m-f-tØ-
°p≈ `£Ww sIm≠p-t]m-Ipw. Cß-s\, Hcp Znhkw s]s´∂v Kpl-bn¬sh®v
B bYm¿∞w kw`-hn-®p. ae-°vh∂p Rm≥ Pn_vcoem-sW-∂pw, Xm¶ƒ Cu kap-
Zm-b-Øn-te°v A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-em-sW∂pw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-®p. A\-
¥cw ae°v "HmXpI (GC ôrbGp )' F∂v ]d-™p. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "Rm≥ HmXp-∂-h-
\√ (…QÉn≤Hp ÉnfGn Éne)'. Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv: At∏mƒ, F\n°v hnjaw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-
amdv ae°v Fs∂ Iqń-∏n-Sn-®p. ]n∂oSv Fs∂ hn´p-sIm≠v "HmXpI' F∂v ho≠pw
]d-™p. Rm≥ HmXp-∂-h-\√ (F-\n°v HmXm≥ Adn™p IqSm) F∂v Rm\pw ]d-
™p. c≠m-aXpw aq∂m-aXpw Aßns\ Fs∂ Iqń-∏n-Sn®v hnSp-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂n´v
F∂o (1 apX¬ 5 IqSn) hN-\-ßƒ HmXn-
t°ƒ∏n®p X∂p.'
"A\-¥cw Xncp-ta\n hnd-®p-sIm≠v hoń¬sN∂p "F\n°v hkv{X-an´v ]pX®p
Xcp-hn≥, ]pX-®p-X-cp-hn≥ (≈pfƒo∏enR ≈pfƒo∏enR)' F∂v ]d-™p. ]cn-{àw \oßn-b-t∏mƒ
JZoPx (d)-tbmSv hnhcw ]d-™p, Ah¿ Cßs\ kam-[m-\n-∏n®p: "t]Sn-t°≠m!
kt¥m-j-s∏-´p-sIm-≈p-I. A√mlp Aßsb Hcn-°epw A]-am-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-√.
Ahn-Sp∂v IpSpw-_-_‘w ]men-°p-Ibpw A\y-cpsS sRcp°w Gs‰-Sp-°p-I-bpw,
C√m-Ø-h\v klmbw \¬Ip-I-bpw, AXn-Yn-Isf k¬°-cn-°p-I-bpw, th≠-s∏´
Imcy-ß-fn¬ klm-b-k-l-I-cWw sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bfm-W-t√m.' ]n∂oSv
5389
JZoPx (d) Xncp-ta-\n-sbbpw sIm≠v Xs‚ ]nXr-hy-]p-{X\pw htbm-[n-I-\p-amb hd-
Iz-Øp_v\p \u^-ens‚ ASp-°¬t]m-bn. At±lw \kvdm-\o ({In-kvXp-aXw kzoI-
cn-®-h≥) Bbn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Ad_n Fgp-Xp-Ibpw, C≥Po-en¬\n∂v Nne
`mK-ßƒ Ad_n `mj-bn¬ FgpXn FSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xncp-ta\n I≠
h¿Ø-am\w At±-lsØ Adn-bn-®p. AXv tI´-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p: "AXv aqkm
\_n (A)-bpsS ASp-°¬ hcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂ B alm-Zq-X-\-s{X. Xm¶sf Xm¶-
fpsS P\X ]pd-Øm-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Rm≥ Poh-t\m-Sn-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ \∂m-
bn-cp∂p!' Xncp-ta\n tNmZn®p: Ah¿ Fs∂ ]pd-Øm-°ptam!' At±lw ]d™p:
"Xm¶ƒ sIm≠p-h-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Imcy-hp-ambn hcp∂ Bcpw Xs∂ D]-{Z-hn-
°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. Rm≥ A∂p-Po-hn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-¶n¬ Xm¶ƒ°v Rm≥ i‡n-a-
Ømb klmbw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.' A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX hd-IzØv ac-W-a-S-bp-I-
bm-Wp-≠m-bXv...' (A; _p; ap.)
˜
Cu kqd-Ønse BZysØ A©p-h-N-\-ß-fmWv \_n °v H∂m-a-Xmbn Ah-
X-cn® Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-sf∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-b-t√m. ]n∂o-Sv, {]t_m-[\w
Bcw-`n-°p-I-bpw, Izpssd-in-I-fpsS \ntj[w apgp-Øp-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏m-gmWv
_m°n-`mKw Ah-X-cn-®-sX-∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. BZy-h-N-\-ß-fpsSbpw ]n∂o-
Sp≈ hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw D≈-S-°w-sIm≠v CXv a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
Øn¬.
! 1! krjv S n- ® - h - \ mb \ns‚
c£n-Xm-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ HmXp-I.
!2! a\p-jys\ Ah≥ c‡-]n-
WvU-Øn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.
!3! HmXp-I, \ns‚ c£n-Xmhv
G‰hpw DZm-c≥ (A-Yhm am\y≥)
BIp-∂p.
!4! t]\-sIm≠v ]Tn-∏n-®-h-\m-
Wv.
!5! (A-sX) a\p-jy\v Ah≥
Adn-bm-ØXv Ah≥ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-
∂p.
!1! HmXp-I, hmbn-°pI \ns‚ d∫ns‚ \ma-Øn¬ krjvSn-
5390
®-h-\mb !2! Ah≥ krjvSn®p a\p-jys\ c‡-]n-WvU-
Øn¬\n∂v !3! HmXp-I, hmbn-°pI \ns‚ d∫v G‰hpw DZm-c-\m-
Wv, AXn-am-\y-\mWv !4! ]Tn-∏n-®-h≥ t]\-sIm≠v !5!
a\p-jy\v Ah≥ ]Tn-∏n®p Ah≥ Adn-bm-ØXv
hnip≤ Izp¿B-\m-Ip∂ thZ-{KŸw HmXn-Øp-S-ßp-hm-\p≈ I¬]-\-bm-Wn-Xv.
HmØv Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-Øn-em-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw I¬]n-°p-∂p.
F√m krjvSn-Is- fbpw krjvSn-®X - n-s\-°p-dn®v BZyw s]mXp-hn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®t- ijw
a\p-jys\ c‡-°-´-bn¬ \n∂v krjvSn-®-Xns\ {]tXyIw FSpØp ]d™p Ahs‚
D¬`-h-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n-∏n-°p-∂p. Aß-s\, Ahs\ krjvSn-®p-≠m-°nb AtX d∫v
Xs∂-bmWv Cu thZ-{KŸw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂-sX-∂pw, AXn-\m¬ Ah-
s‚ krjvSnbpw Ahs‚ c£m-I¿Ør-Xz-Øn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-\pamb a\p-jy≥
AXns\ kzmKXw sNtø-≠X - p-s≠∂pw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. A\-¥c - w, thZ-{KŸw ]mcm-
bWw sNøm≥ H∂p-IqSn I¬]n-®p-sIm≠v B c£n-Xmhv G‰hpw DZm-c-\mb AXn-
am-\y-\m-sW∂v Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂p. AsX, Ahs‚ HuZm-cyhpw am\y-Xbpw \nan-Ø-
amWv Cu thZ-{KŸw \¬Ip-∂-Xpw, t]\-sIm≠v a\p-jy¿°v ]Tn-°p-am-dm-°n-b-
Xpw; Ah¿°-dn-™p-Iq-SmØ F{Xtbm Imcy-ßƒ Ah¿°v ]Tn-∏n-®-Xpw.
a\p-jy\v Adnhv kºm-Zn-°p-hm≥ am¿K-ßƒ ]eXpw A√mlp \n›-bn-®p-sIm-
Sp-Øn-´p-s≠-¶nepw Ah-bn¬ apJy-amb H∂s{X FgpØpw hmb-\bpw ioen-°p-hm-
\p≈ D]-I-c-W-am-Ip∂ t]\. thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ H∂m-a-Xmbn Ah-X-cn® Znhy-k-tµ-
i-Øn¬ thZ{KŸw hmbn-°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ t]\-bpsS Imcyw
FSpØp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-tXm¿°p-tºmƒ, Fgp-Øn\pw hmb-\°pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-
Iƒ F{X-am{Xw hne-I¬]n-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂v A\p-am-\n-°m-a-t√m. IzØmZx (d)-bn¬
\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp sNdp-hm-Iy-Øn¬ t]\-bpsS {]m[m\yw At±lw
hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv: "t]\ A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp A\p-{K-l-amWv.
AXn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp aXhpw \ne-\n¬°-bn√; Hcp Pohn-Xhpw \∂m-bn-Øo-
cp-I-bp-an-√.' aX-ZrjvSym t\m°p-tºmƒ, FgpØpw hmb-\bpw A`y-kn-°p-∂-Xn\v
Ckveman-t\mfw ÿm\w I¬]n-°p∂ as‰mcp aX-an-s√∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
kµ¿`-h-im¬ Hcp hkvXpX ChnsS DW¿Øn-s°m-≈-s´. "FgpØpw hmb-\bpw
F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ C∂v apkvenwI-fn¬Xs∂ an°-h-cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ Izp¿-
B-s\-°p-dn-t®m, AXns‚ `mj-bmb Ad-_n-sb-°p-dnt®m Hm¿a hcm-dn-√. {]mtZ-
inI `mj-I-tfm, amXr-`m-j-tbm, As√-¶n¬ s]mXp-cw-KØv {]Nm-c-Øn-en-cn-°p∂
Nne `mj-Ifpw IqSntbm am{Xta Ah-cpsS Btem-N-\°v hnj-b-am-Ip-∂p-≈q. CtX
Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßfpw a‰pw D≤-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ A£-c-⁄m-
\-sØ-°p-dn®v {]kw-Kß
- fpw a‰pw \S-Øn-tb-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. hmkvXh
- Ø
- n¬ amXr-
`m-j-bnepw Pohn-X-Øn¬ AXXv ImeØv AXym-h-iy-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ CX-c-`m-j-I-
fnepw A£-c-⁄m\w Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX hnkva-cn-®p-Iq-Sm. AtX-
k-a-bØv apkvenwI-sf∂ \ne°v apkvenwIƒ AXn-s\-°m-tfsd ]cn-K-W\ \¬tI-
≠Xv Izp¿-B-\n\pw AXns‚ `mj-°p-am-Wv. Izp¿-Bs‚ A£-c-ßƒ t\m°n-hm-bn-
°p-hm≥ am{Xw ]Tn-®p Xr]vXn AS-bp-I-bpw, AXns‚ A¿∞-sØbpw `mj-sbbpw
5391
kw_-‘n®v Nn¥n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmWv C∂v `qcn-`mKw apkvenwI-fp-
sa-∂Xv hfsc tJZ-I-c-a-s{X. Ad-_n-`m-j-bpsS {]Nm-c-I≥am-cmbn C°m-eØv cwK-
{]-thiw sNbvXn-´p≈hcn¬t]mepw AsXmcp temI-`m-j-sb-t∂m, kmln-Xy-`m-j-
sbt∂m D≈ \ne-°-√m-sX, Izp¿-B-s‚bpw Ckveman-s‚bpw `mj-sb∂ \ne°v
AX¿ln-°p∂ ÿm\w \¬Im-Ø-h-cp-s≠-∂p-≈Xpw C°m-eØv ZpxJ-I-c-amb Hcp
]c-am¿∞-am-Ip-∂p.
!6! th≠! \n›-b-am-bpw, a\p-

jy≥ AXn-cp-hn-´p-I-f-bp-∂p.˛
!7! Ah≥ Ahs\ (kz- b w)
[\y-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v I≠-Xn-
\m¬!
!8! (a-\p-jym) \n›-b-am-bpw,
\ns‚ d∫n-¶-te-°s{X aS-°w.
!6! th≠ \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jy≥ AXn-cp-hn-SpI ([n-°-cn-
°p-I) Xs∂ sNøp∂p !7! Ah≥Xs∂ I≠-Xn-\m¬ Xm≥ [\y-
\mbn (sF-iz-cy-s∏-´p˛ A\m-{i-bn-bm-bn) F∂v !8! \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚
d∫n-¶-te-°mWv aS°w
{]Y-a-ZrjvSnbn¬ a\p-jy≥ Cu temIØv kzX-{¥-\mbn hnS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-b-
Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚ Imcy-Øn\v Xm≥Xs∂ aXn. a‰m-cp-sSbpw B{ibw X\n°v th≠-
Xn-√. BtcmSpw X\n°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-hp-an√ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ \mSy-Øn-emWv
Ah≥. Cu sX‰mb [mc-W-\n-anØw Ah≥ t\cpw s\dnbpw sX‰n, {kjvSm-hn-s\-
°p-dn®pw `mhn-sb-°p-dn®pw t_m[-an-√m-sX, [n°mcw Imń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
B \mSyhpw [mc-Wbpw Ah≥ hnt´-°-s´. Ahs‚ c£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hn-¶-
te°v F√m-hcpw aS-ßn-h-cm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. Ahs‚ apºn¬ Ah≥ ssIsIń DØcw
]d-tb-≠-Xmbn hcpw. BI-bm¬, Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw AXncv Ihn-bmsX, Xm≥ Fßs\
Ncn-°-W-sa∂v Btem-Nn-®p-sIm≠v apd-{]-Imcw \S-∂p-sIm-≈s´ F∂v kmcw.
A_q-lp-dbvdx (d)-bn¬\n∂v Cu kw`hw apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ C{]-Imcw
D≤-cn-°p∂p: "A_q-P-l¬' tNmZn®p: "\nß-fpsS CS-bn¬sh®v apl-ΩZv Ahs‚
apJw aÆn¬ sh°m-dpt≠m?' "D≠v' F∂v ]d-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ah≥ ]d™p: "emØ-
bpw, D mbpw Xs∂-bmW kXyw! Ah-\Xv sNøp-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠m¬ \n›-b-
ambpw Ahs‚ ]nc-Sn°v Rm≥ Nhn´pw; Ahs‚ apJw Rm≥ aÆn¬ ]pc-fn-°p-
Ibpw sNøpw' Aß-s\, dkq¬ ˜ \a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ ]nc-Sn°v Nhn-´p-hm-
\mbn sN∂p. At∏m-tg°pw Ah≥ AtX sN∂-Im-en¬Xs∂ s]s´∂v aS-ßp-I-
bpw, ssIsIm≠v XSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. X\n-s°-¥p-]‰- n-sb∂v tNmZn-°s
- ∏-´p. Ah≥
]d™p: "F\n°pw Ah-∂p-an-Sb - n¬ Hcp A·n-bpsS InS-ßpw, Iptd `bm-\I hkvXp-
˜
°-fpw, Nnd-Ip-Ifpw!' \_n ]d™p: "Ah≥ Ft∂mSv ASp-Øp-h-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬
ae-°p-Iƒ Ahs\ Hmtcmtcm Ah-b-h-ambn dm©n FSp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.' CXp-t]mse
5392
thsdbpw \nth-Z-\-ßƒ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ImWmw. Cu ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, ASpØ
hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv A_q-P-lvens\bpw {]kvXpX kw`-h-sØ-bp-am-sW∂v
]e ap^- n-dp-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂p.
!9! \o I≠p-thm, hntcm-[n-°p-

∂-hs\?˛
!10! AsX, Hcp ASn-bms\ (hn-
tcm-[n-°p-∂-h-s\)˛ At±lw \a-
kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ!
!9! \o I≠pthm hntcm[n (\n-tcm-[n)-°p-∂-hs\ !10!
Hcp ASn-bm-s\, ASn-asb At±lw \a-kvI-cn-®m¬, \a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ
[Hcp ASn-bm≥ \a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ At±-lsØ hntcm-[n-°p∂ Bsf \o I≠p-
thm˛ F¥m-W-hs‚ \ne?]
!11! \o I≠p-thm, At±lw

[B ASn-bm≥] k≥am¿K-Øn-em-
sW-¶n¬?!˛
! 12! As√- ¶ n¬, At±lw
kq£vaX [`b- ` ‡n]sb∏‰n
I¬]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬?!
!11! \o I≠pthm At±-l-am-sW-¶n¬ k≥am¿K-Øn¬
!12! A-s√-¶n¬ I¬]n®p (D-]-tZ-in-°p-I-bm-Wv) F¶n¬ kq£vaX
(`-b-`-‡n)-sb-∏‰n
[At∏mƒ B hntcm-[-Øns‚ \ne F¥m-bn-cn°pw? Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI!]
! 13! \o I≠p- t hm, Ah≥

[hntcm-[n-°p-∂-h≥] hymP-am-°p-
Ibpw Xncn™p If-bp-I-bp-am-sW-
¶n¬ (F-¥m-bn-cn°pw Ah-ÿ)?!
! 14! Ah≥ Adn- ™ n- ´ n- t √,
A√mlp ImWp-∂p-s≠∂v?!
!13! \o I≠pthm Ah≥ If-hm-°n-sb-¶n¬ Xncn-™p-I-
f-bp-Ibpw !14! Ah≥ Adn-™n-ńt√ A√mlp (B-Ip-∂p) F∂v
ImWp∂p (F-∂v)
5393
kmcw: Hcp ASn-bm≥ \a-kvIc - n-°p-tºmƒ At±-lsØ Hcp-h≥ hne-°p-∂p. F¥m-
W-hs‚ \ne? Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°pI! B \a-kv°-cn-°p∂ ASn-bm≥ k≥am¿K-
Øn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-t\m, A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n®p `b-`-‡n-tbmsS Pohn-°p-
hm≥ P\-ß-tfmSv I¬]n-°p∂ Btfm Bbn-cn-°pw. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬˛ Aß-
s\-Ø-s∂-bmWv hmkvX-h-Øn-ep-≈-Xpw˛ B hne°v F{X ISp-ØXpw timN-\o-b-
hp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Btem-Nn-®p-t\m°q! AtX-k-a-bØv B hne°v sNøp∂ Bƒ
kXysØ If-hm-°p-I-bpw, AXn¬\n∂v Xncn-™p-am-dn-t∏m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-\m-
sW-¶ntem? AXv IqSp-X¬ ISpØXpw B]¬°-c-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
A√mlp F√mw I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p≠v; Ah≥ CØcw sNbvXn-I-sf-°p-dn®v
\S-]Sn FSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn√ F∂v Ah\v Adn-™p-IqtS?!
apI-fn¬ D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂v "\akvIcn-°p∂ ASn-bm≥' F∂v ]d-™Xv
˜
\_n sb Dt±- i n- ® m- s W- ∂ pw, \a- k v I m- c - Ø n\v XS w sNbv X - h ≥ A_q-
PlvemsW∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. Cu hN-\-ßƒ B {]tXyI kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn®v Ah-
X-cn-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂mepw As√-¶nepw icn, t\¿am¿K-Ønepw kXy-Ønepw \ne-sIm-
≈p∂ Hcmƒ \a-kvImcw XpS-ßnb I¿a-ßfpw IS-aI - fpw \n¿h-ln-°p-tºmƒ AXn\v
`wK-ap-≠m-°p-∂Xv apgpØ [n°m-chpw X\n A{I-a-hp-am-sW∂v s]mXp-hn¬ F√m-
h-scbpw Cu hN-\-ßƒ Xm°oXv sNøp-∂p. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h-sc-∏‰n Kuc-h-s∏´
`mj-bn¬ A√mlp XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:˛
!15! th≠! Ah≥ hnc-an-°p-∂n-

s√-¶n¬, \n›-b-ambpw \mw (B)
IpSpa ]nSn- ® p- h - e n- ° p- I - X s∂
sNøpw;˛
!16! (A-sX) I≈-hm-Zn-bm-b,
A_-≤-°mcn-bmb ISpa!
!17! F∂n-´v, Ah≥ Ahs‚
k`sb hnfn®p sIm≈s´!˛
!18! \mw "k_m-\n-bØn's\
[\c-I-Ønse Du°≥am-cmb ae-
°p-Isf] hnfn-®p-sIm≈mw!
! 19! th≠, (\- _ ntb) \o Oƒé°S
Ahs\ A\p- k - c n- ° - c p- X v . \o )
"kpPqZv' [kmjvSmw-K-\-a-kvImcw]
sNøp-I-bpw, (A-√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v)
kmao]yw t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-
≈p-I.
5394
!15! th≠ Ah≥ hnc-an-®n-s√-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw \mw
]nSn-®p-h-en°pw, Dut°msS ]nSn°pw (B) IpSp-a-sb, s\dp-I-p¥-e°v !16!
AXm-bXv Hcp IpSpa hymP-hm-Zn-bmb (I-≈-am-b) ]ng-®, A_-≤-
°mcn !17! F∂m-e-h≥ hnfn-°s´ Xs‚ k`-sb, (k-`-°m-sc) !18!
\mw (h-gn-sb) hnfn°mw k_m-\n-b-Øns\ (\-c-I-Øns‚ ae-°p-I-
sf) !19! th≠ \o Ahs\ A\p-k-cn-°-cpXv \o kpPqZv sNøp-
Ibpw sNøpI kmao]yw (A-Sp-∏w) t\Sp-Ibpw sNøp-I, ASp-Øp-Iq-SpI
Cu kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ HmØns‚ kpPqZv sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. \_n ˜
Aßs\ sNbvX-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. (am-enIv; ap: \.)
B ZpjvS-\mb a\p-jy-s\-°p-dn®v A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ AXn-I-Tn-\-amb shdp∏pw
tIm]-hp-amWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. AØcw [n°mcw Ah≥ \ndp-Ø¬
sNøm-Ø-]£w Ahs‚ B ]ng® I≈-Ø-e-bnse IpSpa ]nSn®p \ma-hs\ \c-I-
Øn-te°v hen-®n-Spw. Ah\v Nne In¶-c≥amcpw Iq´p-Im-cp-sa√mw D≠-t√m.
Ahscsb√mw Ah≥ klm-bØ - n\v hnfn-t®-°s
- ´. Aßs\ c£-s∏-Sm≥ Ign-bptam
F∂v Ah≥ t\m°n-sIm-≈-s´, Ahs\ ]nSn®v in£n-°p-hm≥ \c-I-Ønse DtZym-
K-ÿ≥amcpw AXn-a-√≥am-cp-amb B ae-°p-Isf \mapw hnfn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚
[n°mcw At∏mƒ ImWm-at√m! F∂n-ßs\ A√mlp Ah\v ItTm-c-amb Xm°oXv
\¬Ip-I-bm-Wv.
("\m-kzn-bØv') F∂ hm°v Xe-bp-sS ap≥h-i-Øp≈ apSn˛ AYhm IpSp-
a˛ F∂ A¿∞-Ønepw, {]kvXpX apSn-\n¬°p-∂ `mKw ˛A-Yhm s\dpIpwXe˛
F∂ A¿∞-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Spw. ChnsS BZysØ A¿∞-Øn-\mWv IqSp-
X¬ tbmPn-∏p-≈-Xv. hymP-hmZn F∂pw ]ng® A_-≤-°mcn F∂pw AXns\ hnti-
jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah-t\m-Sp≈ ITn-\-amb shdp∏v {]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xm-Ip-∂p. km£m¬
I≈-hm-Znbpw ]ng-®-h\pw Ah≥ Xs∂. (k-_m-\n-ø-Øv) F∂ hm°n\v "a√-
∑m¿, Du°-∑m¿, Imh¬°m¿, t]meokv' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A¿∞w. ITn-\-∑mcpw
Du°≥am-cp-amb \c-I-Ønse DtZym-K-ÿ≥amcm-Ip∂ ae-°p-I-fmWv hnh-£.
C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-
∂p: "Ah≥ Ahs‚ k`-°msc hnfn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AtX \mgn-I-bn¬Xs∂ in£-
˜
bpsS ae-°p-Iƒ Ahs\ ]nSn-Iq-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p' (Xn; \) \_n Xncp-ta\n tbmSv
"\ns∂-°mƒ P\-kzm-[o\w F\n-°p≠v' F∂v Al-¶c - n®v ]d-™n-cp∂ A_q-Plv¬
Cu hN-\-ßƒ tIń´v P\-ßsf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-s\-¶nepw Ahs‚ Bƒ°msc
H∂v hnfn-°p-hm≥ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn-√.
˜
Ah-km-\-ambn A√mlp \_n sb D]-tZ-in-°p∂p: B ZpjvS≥am¿ Ft¥m
sNbvXp-sIm-≈-s´. AXv hI-sh-t°-≠-Xn√; AXn\v Hcn-°epw hg-ßn-t∏m-I-cp-Xv.
\a-kvImcw \n¿`bw \S-Øn-s°m-≈p-I. k¬°¿a-ßfpw Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßfpw
\SØn A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw t\Sn-s°m-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I. AXn¬ Bscbpw
t]Sn-°p-Itbm `b-s∏-Sp-Itbm th≠ Fs∂m-s°. \_n ˜
C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-
5395
°p∂p: "Hcp ASn-bm≥ Xs‚ d∫n-t\mSv G‰hpw ASp-Øm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ kpPqZv
sNøp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn-em-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v (kp-Pq-Zn¬) \nßƒ ZpB h¿≤n-∏n®p
sIm≈p-hn≥.' (ap.) kpPq-Zn-em-bn-s°m≠v sNøp∂ ZpB°v {]tXyIw DØcw In´p-
sa∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.
!π° ØdGh áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG!
5396
`mKw 30 Q~≤dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 97 IzZv¿
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
Q~≤dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
97.kqd-Xp¬ IzZv¿
[aZo-\x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-Xm-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.]
Øn¬.
!1! \n›-b-ambpw, \mw CXns\
[Izp¿-Bs\] "ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn'
¬ [\n¿W-b -Øns‚ cm{Xn-b n¬]
Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
!2! "ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿' F∂m-
se-¥m-sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw?!
! 3! "ssee- Ø p¬ IzZv¿'
Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ DØ-a-am-
Ip-∂p.
! 4! ae- ° p- I - f pw, "dqlpw'
[Bflmhpw] Ah- c psS d∫ns‚
DØ-c-hp-{]-Imcw AXn¬ Cd-ßn-h-
cp∂p; F√m-Im-cysØ kw_-‘n-
®pw.
!5! kam-[m-\-im-¥n-bs{X AXv!
{]`m-tXm-Zbw htc-°p-ap-≠m-bn-cn-
°pw.
5397
!1! \n›-b-ambpw \mw CXns\ (A-Xn-s\) Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p,
Cd°n ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn¬, \n¿W-b-Øns‚ cmhn¬ !2!
\n\°v Adn-hp-X-∂-sX¥v (F-¥-dn-bmw) ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ F∂m-se-
s¥∂v !3! ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ DØ-a-am-Wv, KpW-I-c-amWv
Bbn-c-sØ-°mƒ amkw !4! Cd-ßn-hcpw, Cd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn°pw
ae-°p-Iƒ dqlpw (B-flm-hpw) AXn¬ DØ-chv (k-Ω-Xw˛ A\p-
a-Xn) {]Imcw Ah-cpsS d∫ns‚ F√m Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw !5!
im¥n-bm-Wv, kam-[m-\-as{X AXv DZbw (D-Zn-°p∂ Ah-k-cw)
hsc {]`m-X-Øns‚
(Iz-Zv¿) F∂ hm°n\v "\n¿W-bn-°p-I, IW-°m-°pI' F∂n-ß-s\-bpw, "\ne-

]m-Sv, _lp-am\w' F∂n-ß-s\bpw A¿∞-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Q~≤dG á∏«d(sse-e-Øp¬
IzZv¿) F∂ hm°n\v "\n¿W-b-Øns‚ cm{Xn' F∂pw "_lp-am-\-Øns‚ cm{Xn'
F∂pw hnh¿Ø\w \¬Imw. c≠m-bm-epw, AXv B {]tXyI cm{Xn-bpsS t]cm-Ip-
∂p. kq:ZpJm-\n¬ CtX cm{Xn-sb-°p-dn®v (bp-‡n-a-Ømb
F√m Imcyhpw AXn¬ th¿Xn-cn®v hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
ChnsS 4 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ d∫ns‚ DØ-c-hp-{]-Imcw F√m Imcy-sØ-kw-_-‘n®pw
A∂v ae-°p-Ifpw "dqlpw' Cd-ßn-h-cp-sa∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. BI-bm¬, B
cm{Xn `qan-bnse Imcy-ßƒ ]eXpw \n¿W-bn®p hyhÿ sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp {]tXyI
Znh-k-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw. kq: ZpJm-\n¬ Cu cm{Xn-sb-∏‰n ácQÉÑe á∏«d (A-\p-
Kr-lo-X-amb Hcp cm{Xn) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-bm-I-s´, AXns‚
]e amlmfly-ßfpw FSp-Øp-]d - ™p {]iw-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ,
AXv \n¿W-b-Øn-s‚bpw _lp-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw cm{Xn-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.
{]kvXpX cm{Xn-sb-∏‰n 1 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Izp¿-B≥
Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv B cm{Xn-bn-emWv F∂-s{X. temIm-h-km\w hsc am\htemI-
Øns‚ sFln-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb kIe \∑-Iƒ°pw \nZm-\-am-Ip∂ B Znhy
{KŸ-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-cWw D≠mb cmhv \n›-b-ambpw Hcp al-Ømb cmhm-sW∂pw
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. B {KŸ-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw AXv \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥
hø. Cu cmhv da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn-em-sW∂v ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-´-Xpw, kq: A¬_-
Izdx 185 ¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn-emWv Izp¿-B≥ Ah-
X-cn-®s
- X-∂mWv AhnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂X - v. A\p-Kr-ln-Xa
- mb Hcp cm{Xn-bn-em-sW∂v
kq: ZpJm-\n-epw, ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn-em-sW∂v Chn-sSbpw ]d-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ, ssee-
Øp¬ IzZv¿ da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn-em-sW-∂pw, AXp-X-s∂-bmWv A\p-Kr-loX cm{Xn-
sb∂pw kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. F∂m¬, Izp¿-Bs‚ Ah-X-cWw ]q¿Øn-bm-bXv Ccp-
]-Øn-aq∂v sIm√-°mew sIm≠m-sW-∂n-cn-s°, Cu cm{Xn-bn¬ As√-¶n¬ da-Zm≥
amk-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn®p F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw F¥mWv? CXv kw_-‘n®v
IqSpX¬ hnhcw kq: ZpJm-\n¬ \mw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, ⁄m\-tc-J-
bm-Ip∂ "seulp¬ alv^qfzn'¬ \n∂v G‰hpw ASpØ BIm-i-Øn-te°v Cd-°n-
5398
bXv B cm{Xn-bn-em-Wv. ]n∂oSv kµ¿`-a-\p-k-cn®v Iptd-s»-bm-bn-´mWv `qan-bn-te°v
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´Xv F∂-s{X `qcn-`mKw ]WvUn-X≥am-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. ap≥Km-
an-Iƒ an°-hmdpw Cu A`n-{]mbw am{X-amWv kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xpw. as‰mcp A`n-{]m-
˜
bw, \_n Xncp-ta\n °v Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn-bXv da-Zzms‚ B
cm{Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Ip-∂p. c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, sIm√w-tXmdpw da-Zzm≥ amk-
ß-fn¬ B ]pWy-cmhv Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]e lZo-Yp-I-fnepw kwi-b-c-ln-X-
ambn h∂n-´p-≈-Xpw, apkvenwIƒ F°m-eØpw AXv s]mXp-hn¬ AwKo-I-cn®p h∂n-
´p-≈-Xp-am-Wv. Izp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw AXmWv Imń-Ø-cp-∂-Xpw. IqSp-X¬
hnhcw ASpØ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ ImWmw.
ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdns\°p-dn®v \n\°v h√Xpw Adn-bmtam F∂v tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v
AXns‚ al-Xz-Øn-te°v 2 ˛mw hN\w {i≤ BI¿jn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v B
cm{Xn Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ DØ-a-am-sW∂v DW¿Øp-∂p. Nne {]tXyI Imc-
W-ß-fm¬ Nne ÿe-ßƒ°pw ka-b-ßƒ°pw a‰p-≈-hsb At]-£n®p D∂X
ÿm\-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. CX-c-ÿ-e-ß-sf-°mƒ ]≈n-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ {Ia-{]-Imcw
a°x-bnse 'akvPn-Zp¬ ldman-\pw,' aZo-\x-bnse "akvPnZp-∂_hn'°pw, ss_Øp¬
apIz-±-knse "akvPn-Zp¬ AIz-vkzm°pw t{ijvT-X-bp-≠-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂,
Znh-kß - f
- n¬ sh≈n-bm-gvN, Ad-^m-Zn-hk
- w, s]cp-∂mƒZn-hkw apX-em-bh
- °pw, amk-
ß-fn¬ da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn-\pw, Zp¬l-÷v-am-k-Øn\pw t{ijvT-X-bp-≠v. GsX-¶nepw
XXz-sØ-tbm, Imc-W-sØtbm ASn-ÿm-\-am°n Hmtcm-∂n\pw t{ijvTX \n›-bn-
°p-∂Xv A√mlphmWv. Ah≥ _lp-am-\n-®-Xns\ \mw _lp-am-\n-°¬ \n¿_-‘-
am-Ip-∂p. \ΩpsS hI-bmbn Hcp ÿe-Ønt\m ka-b-Ønt\m {]tXyI _lp-
am\w I¬]n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. A°q-´-Øn¬ H∂-s{X, ssee-Øp¬
IzZvdn\pw A√mlp hfsc t{ijvTX I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-®Xv
B cm{Xn-bn-em-sW-∂-Xp-Xs∂ AXn\v aXn-bmb Imc-W-am-W-t√m. kq: ZpJm-\nepw
Cu kqd-Ønepw B cm{Xn-bn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ h≥Im-cy-
ßƒ AXns‚ al-XzsØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-s\√mw ]pdsa
thsdbpw \ap-°-dn-bmØ cl-ky-ßƒ AXn-ep-≠m-bn-°qSm F∂n-√-Xm-\pw.º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
A√mlp _lp-am-\n® F√m-‰n-s\bpw _lp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv hfsc DØ-aa - mb Imcy-
am-sW-∂pw, A√mlphns‚ Nn”-ßsf _lp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv lrZ-b-Ønse `b-`-‡n-
bpsS AS- b m- f - a m- s W∂pw kqd- Ø p¬ l÷n¬ A√mlp {]kv X m- h n- ° p- ∂ p.
(kq:l÷v 30 Dw 32 Dw hymJym-\hpw t\m°p-I.) F∂m¬, Hmtcm-∂n-s\bpw _lp-
am-\n-t°-≠p-∂Xv AX-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v A√m-lphpw dkqepw ImWn-®p-X∂ {]Im-
c-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ÿe-ß-sfbpw ka-b-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v ]d-bp-IbmsW-¶n¬˛
AXn¬ \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ {]tXyI I¿a-ßƒ°v ]pd-sa˛ \a-kvIm-cw, ZpB,
ZnIv¿, Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ BZn-bmb ]pWy-I¿a-ßƒ Ah-bn¬ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xv \√-
Xm-sW∂v samØ-Øn¬ ]d-bm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. CX-\p-kc
- n®v ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn¬ hnti-
jn®pw ]pWy-I¿a-ßƒ h¿≤n-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. (Iq-Sp-X¬ hnhcw
XpS¿∂p≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ hcp-∂p-≠v.)
"Bbncw amk- s Ø- ° mƒ DØaw' F∂v ]d- ™ - X ns‚ Xm¬]- c yw˛ ]e
alm≥amcpw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛ ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ IqSm-sX-bp≈ Bbncw
5399
amk-ß-fn¬ sNbvXm-ep-≠m-Ip∂ A{X {]Xn-êw B cm{Xn-bn¬ sNøp∂ ]pWy-
I¿a-ßƒ°v e`n-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cn-°mw. As√-¶n¬, sXm´-hN
- \
- ß
- f
- n¬ ImWp-∂Xpt]m-
se, B cm{Xn-bn¬ ae-°p-I-fpsS hchv XpS-ßnb ]e Imcy-ßfpw A∂v kw`-hn-
°p-∂p-sh∂ \ne°pw Bbn-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. "Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ' F∂v IW-
°m-°n-b-Xns‚ cl-kyhpw \ap°v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm.
B cm{Xn-bn¬ ae-°p-Ifpw "dqlpw' Ah-cpsS d∫ns‚ DØ-c-hp-{]-Imcw Cd-ßn-
h-cp-sa-∂mWv AXns‚ khn-ti-jX - b- mbn A√mlp ]n∂oSv {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂X - v. "dqlv'
F∂m¬ "Bflmhv' F∂v hm°¿∞w. Pn_vco¬ (A) F∂ ae-°mWv hnh-£.
thsdbpw A`n-{]m-ba - p-s≠-¶nepw CXmWv IqSp-X¬ kzoIm-cy-ambn ImWp-∂X - v. "dqlv'
F∂v Pn_vcoen-s\-°p-dn®v Izp¿-B-\n¬Xs∂ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. (ip-A-dm-Dv,
193) At±lw ae-°p-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ {][m-\n-bm-W-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-
Øns‚ t]¿ {]tXyIw FSpØp ]d-™-Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS ZrjvSn°v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-
bm-Ø-Xpw, _mly-_p-≤n-sIm-≠p-am{Xw a\- n-em-°m-h-X-√m-Ø-Xp-amb F{Xtbm
Imcy-ßƒ Cu temIØv ae-°p-Iƒ hgn \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p-s≠∂v Izp¿-B≥ sIm≠pw,
\_n-hN - \
- ß
- ƒsIm≠pw ÿm]n-Xa - m-bX
- m-Ip-∂p. A°q-´Ø - n¬ al-Ømb ]e Imcy-
ßfpw A∂sØ cm{Xn ae-°p-Iƒ aptJ\ `qan-bn¬ \S-°p-∂X - m-bn-cn-°pw. A∂sØ
Ah-cpsS BKa\w A\p-{K-lØ - ns‚ BK-a\ - a
- m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂X- n¬ kwi-ba - n-√. _Zv¿
bp≤-Ønepw a‰pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v im¥n°pw kam-[m-\-Øn-\pw-th≠n Bbn-
c-°-W-°n¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Cd-ßn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
ae-°p-I-fpsS hchv "F√m ImcysØ kw_-‘n®p'amsW∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw,
`qan-bn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ hgn \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Imcy-ß-fpsS Bh-iym¿∞w F∂m-bn-cn-
°mw.º∏YG ¬q∏dGh B cm{Xn-bn¬ F√m bp‡n-a-Ømb Imcy-ßfpw th¿Xn-cn®v hnh-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-sa∂v kq: ZpJm-\n¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠-t√m. B cm{Xn A{Xbpw kam-[m-\-im-
¥n-bm-sW-∂pw, AXv {]`m-tXm-Zbw hsc D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp Chn-sSbpw
{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. \_n ˜ ImWn-®p-X-∂-Xp-t]mse B cm{Xn hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-
h¿°v B \∑-Iƒ XnI®pw A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Xo¿®. A√mlp
\ap°v XuôIzv \¬I-s´. Bao≥.
!áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh!
5400
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿
hymJym-\-°p-dn∏v:
Q~≤dG á∏«d
ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ (Q~≤dG á∏«d)
AYhm \n¿W-b-Øns‚ cm{Xn
kqd-Øp¬ IzZvdn-epw, kqd-Øp±pJms‚ BZy-Ønepw A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-
´p≈ Hcp al-Ømb cmhmWv ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿. (Im-cy-ßƒ \n¿Wbw sNøp∂
cm{Xn˛ AYhm _lp-am-\-Øns‚ cm{Xn.) AXn\v Cu t]¿ h∂-Xns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-
sØ-∏-‰n-bpw, Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-®Xv B cm{Xn-bn-emWv F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-
cy-sØ-∏-‰nbpw {]kvXpX ÿe-ß-fn¬sh®v \mw kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-
X-cn® amk-sa∂ \ne°v daZzm≥ amk-Øn\v {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xp-t]m-se, AXv Ah-
X-cn® cm{Xn F∂ \ne°v ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn\pw hfsc {]m[m-\y-ap-≠v. Izp¿-Bs‚
Ah-X-cWw apºvI-gn-™p-t]m-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw AXns‚ {]m[m-\yhpw al-Xzhpw
F∂pw \ne-\n-∂p-h-cp-∂p-h-t√m. B \ne°v B amkhpw B cm{Xnbpw F√m
ImeØpw {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw kvacn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv kzm`m-
hn-I-am-Wv.
Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn®p XpS-ßnb B Htc Hcp cm{Xn am{X-amWv ssee-Øp¬
IzZv¿ F∂pw, sIm√w-tXmdpw AXv Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂pw Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-
≠v. B[p-\nI Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-cn¬\n-∂mWv A[n-Ihpw Cu A`n-{]mbw {]ISam-Im-
dp-≈-Xv. Izp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpw, \_n hN-\-ßfpw Cu A`n-{]mbw sX‰m-
sW-∂p-≈Xn\v aXn-bmb sXfnhv \¬Ip-∂p.
kq: ZpJm-\n¬ Cu cm{Xn-sb-°p-dn®v (\n-›-b-ambpw \mw
AXns\ ˛Izp¿-B-s\˛ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb Hcp cm{Xn-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p)
F∂v ]d-™-Xn-\p-tijw (A-Xn¬ F√m bp‡n-a-Ømb
Imcyhpw th¿Xn-cn®p hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p) F∂v ]d-bp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se, kq: IzZvdn¬
BZyw (\n-›-b-ambpw \mw AXns\ ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn¬ Ah-
X- c n- ∏ n- ® p) F∂pw, ]n∂oSv AXns‚ al- X z- ß ƒ hnh- c n- ® - I q- ´ - Ø n¬
(A-Xn¬ ae-°p-Ifpw "dqlpw' Cd-ßn-h-cp-∂p˛ AYhm Cd-
ßn-h-cpw) F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p. c≠v ÿeØpw Izp¿-B-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™-
t∏mƒ "AXns\ Ah-X-cn-∏n®p' F∂v `qX-Im-e-{Inb (≈°VÉŸG)-bmWv A√mlp D]-
5401
tbm-Kn-®X
- v. B cm{Xn-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ kw`-hß- s- f-°p-dn®v ]d-™t- ∏m-gm-Is´ "AXn¬
Imcyw hnth-N\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂p' F∂pw, "AXn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Cd-ßn-hc - p∂p' F∂pw
h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn\pw `mhn-Im-e-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {Inb (´QÉ° ŸG)-bmWv
A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn® Hmtcm hm°p-I-fnepw Ah-
bpsS D]-tbm-K-{I-a-ß-fnepw ]e kqN-\-Ifpw cl-ky-ß-fpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. Izp¿-Bs\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sh∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw "eulp¬
˜
alv^qfzn'¬\n∂v BIm-i-tØ°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sh-t∂m, \_n °v Ah-X-cn-∏n-
°p-hm≥ Bcw-`n-®p-sht∂m Bh-s´, GXm-bmepw icn˛ B Ah-X-cW kw`hw
Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p-s≠-∂pw, Imcy-ßf - psS hnth-N\w \S-Øepw ae-°p-If - psS hchpw
AXn-\p-ti-jhpw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v˛ As√-¶n¬ kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°pw˛ F∂p-amWv CXv hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. F\n, \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn-te°v IS-∂m¬
bmsXmcp hymJym-\-Øn\pw CS-an-√m-Ø-hÆw AXv kv]jvS-hp-am-Ip-∂p. Izp¿-Bs‚
˜
hymJym-\-Øn\v Izp¿Bs\°gn-®m¬ ]ns∂ \_n bpsS hN-\-ßfpw Ncy-I-fp-
am-Wt√m B[m-cw. t\m°pI:˛
dkq¬ ˜ Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn BCix (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdns\
da-Zzms‚ Ah-km-\sØ ]Ønse H‰-bmb cm{Xn-If - n¬ Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p-sIm-≈p-hn≥.'
(_p; ap) C_v\p A∫mkv ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "(daZzms‚) Ah-km-\sØ Ggp Znh-k-
ß-fn-embn kzlm-_n-Iƒ°v ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ kz]v\-Øn¬ ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-
≠m-bn. At∏mƒ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ˜ Cßs\ ]d™p: "\nß-fpsS kz]v\-ßƒ
Ah-km-\sØ Ggv Znh-k-ß-fn¬ HØp-Iq-Sn-b-Xmbn Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
AXns\ B¿ Icp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ HSp-hn-esØ Ggv cm{Xn-I-fn¬ Icp-Xn-
bn-cp-∂p-sIm-≈-s´.' (_p; ap) \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
{]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn ho≠pw C_v\p
A∫mkv (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "\nßƒ AXn-s\˛ AXm-bXv ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn-s\˛
da-Zzms‚ HSp-hn-esØ ]Øn¬ At\z-jn-°p-hn≥. F∂p-sh-®m¬, HºXv _m°n-bp-
≈-t∏mƒ, Ggv _m°n-bp-≈-t∏mƒ, A©v _m°n-bp-≈-t∏mƒ F∂n-ß-s\.' (_p.)
Ct∏mƒ, ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ sIm√w-tXmdpw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-bn-
°p-hm≥ \ymb-an-√-t√m. F\n, AXp-kw-_-‘n®p \_n ˜
kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ {]tXyI
Ncy-Iƒ F¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v t\m°mw:˛
A_q-k-Cu-Zn¬ JpZvco (d) ]d-bp∂p: "dkq¬ ˜
daZzms‚ BZysØ ]Ønepw,
]ns∂ \Sp-hn-esØ ]Ønepw "CAvXnIm^v' (*) sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Hcp Xp¿°n-
Ø-ºp-sI-ń-b-Xn¬ sh®m-bn-cp∂p AXv. ]n∂oSv Ahn-Sp∂v Xe ]pd-Øp-Im-ń-s°m≠v
Cßs\ Acp-fn-s®-bvXp. "Rm≥ Cu cm{Xnsb tXSn-s°m≠v BZysØ ]Øv Znhkw
"CAvXnIm^v' sNbvXp. ]ns∂ \Sp-hn-esØ ]Øpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv Fs‚ ASp-
°¬ h∂p (**) Ft∂mSv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: "AXv Ah-km-\sØ ]Øn-emsW'∂v.
BI-bm¬, Fs‚ H∂n®v "CAvXnIm^v' sNbvX-h¿ Ah-km-\sØ ]Ønepw
"CAvXnIm^v' sNbvXp-sIm-≈-s´, Cu cm{Xn F\n°v ImWn®p Xc-s∏-´p. (F-¶n-
(*) \a-kvImcw, ZpB, ZnIv¿ XpS-ßnb Bcm-[\
- I
- f- n¬ G¿s∏-´p-sIm≠v ]≈n-
bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv "CAvXnIm^v' (±Énµàp Yr ’
p G) F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXv
F√m ImeØpw \√-Xm-sW-¶nepw da-Zzm-\n¬ {]tXyIw kp∂-Øm-Ip-∂p.
(**) ae°v aptJ\ Adnhv \¬I-s∏´p F∂v Xm¬]-cyw.
5402
epw) ]n∂oSv F\n°v AXv hnkva-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠mbn......' (_p; ap.) BCix (d)
{]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: "Ah-km-\sØ ]Øn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ˜ as‰m-∂n-ep-an-√m-
Ø{X D¬kmlw (B-cm-[\m I¿a-ß-fn¬) D¬km-ln®p h∂n-cp-∂p.' (ap.) BCix
(d)-bn¬ \n∂v Cß-s\bpw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p: Rm≥ tNmZn®p: "A√m-
lp-hns‚ dkq-te, I≠pthm? ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ GXv cm{Xn-bn-em-sW∂v F\n°v
Adn-hm-bm¬ AXn¬ Rm≥ F¥mWv ]d-tb-≠Xv?' Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: ƒØY ∂nfpG sºo¡∏dG
≈pænY ∞YÉa ƒØ©dG Ö– (A-√m-lp-th, \o am∏v \¬Ip-∂-h-\m-Wv. am∏p sNøp-∂Xv \o
CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v \o F\n°v am∏v \¬tI-Wta!) F∂v ]d-™p-sIm-
≈pI' (A; P; an.) \_n ˜ ]d-™-Xmbn A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "kXy-
hn-izm-k-tØmSpw (A-√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂v) {]Xn-êw IW-°m-°n-s°m≠pw ssee-
Øp¬ IzZvdn¬ Bsc-¶nepw \n∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-]£w Ah\v Ahs‚ Ign-™p-
t]mb ]m]w s]mdp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.' (_p; ap.)
˜
ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ GXv cm{Xn-bm-sW∂v \_n °v ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-
bp-≠m-sb-∂pw, ]n∂oSv AXv hnkva-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw A_q-k-Cu-
Zn¬ JpZvco (d)-bpsS lZo-Yn¬ I≠p-h-t√m. Cu hnjbw D_m-ZØp(IOÉÑY)_v\p
kzmanØv (d) Cßs\ hnh-cn-°p∂p: "Rßƒ°v ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn-s\-°p-dn®v
]d-™p-X-cp-hm-\mbn dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ˜]pd-s∏-´p-h-∂p. At∏m-tg°pw apkvenwI-
fn¬ c≠p-t]¿ XΩn¬ Hcp hg°v (X¿°w) \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n
]d™p: "Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdns\-∏‰n ]d-™p-X-cp-hm≥ th≠n-
bmWv ]pd-s∏-´p-h-∂-Xv. At∏m-tg°v C∂ Bfpw C∂ Bfpw XΩn¬ hg°v \S-∂p.
Aß-s\, AXv Db¿Ø-s∏-´p. AXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hnhcw Fs‚ Hm¿a-bn¬ \n∂v
hnSp-Ø-s∏-´p. CXv \nßƒ°v KpW-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°mw. (_p.)
taep-≤-cn® {]_-e-amb lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \n∂v \ap°v ]e Imcy-ßfpw {Kln-°m-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
(1) ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ sIm√w-tXmdpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn® B
Htc Hcp cm{Xn-sb-∏‰n am{X-a√ ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
(2) AXv an°-hmdpw da-Zzms‚ HSp-hn-esØ ]Øn¬ ˛hn-ti-jn®pw AXnse H‰-
bmb cm{Xn-I-fn¬˛ Hcp cm{Xn-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
(3) F∂m¬, AXv GXv cm{Xn-bm-sW∂v \n¿W-bn®v ]d-bp-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.
˜
AXv C∂ cm{Xn-bm-sW-∂p≈ hnhcw \_n °v e`n-°-bp-≠m-bn. ]n∂oSv A√mlp
AXv ad-∏n®p If-bp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
(4) Aßs\ ad-∏n®p If-™Xv (Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Imc-W-Øm¬)
kap-Zm-b-Øn\v KpW-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
(5) da-Zzm≥ amk-Øn¬˛ {]tXy-In®p HSp-hn-esØ ]Øn¬˛ "CAvXnIm^v' sNøp-
˜
∂Xv \_n -bpsS kp∂-Øm-Ip-∂p.
(6) A\p-`-h-]q¿h-amb h√ AS-bm-f-ßƒ aptJ-\bpw B cm{Xnsb Xncn-®-dn-bp-
hm≥ k÷-\-ß-fm-bp-ff Nne¿°v km[n-s®∂v hcmw.
5403
(7) F√m sIm√-Ønepw Hcp \n›nX Xnø-Xn°v am{X-am-bn-cn°pw AsX∂v Icp-
Xp-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.
{]kvXpX cmhv GXv Znh-ka- m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ hnhcw \_n b˜
- psS {i≤-bn¬ \n∂v
A√mlp hnSp-Øn-°-f-™Xv kap-Zm-b-Øn\v KpW-am-sW∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw
CXmWv: ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ C∂ Znh-k-am-sW-∂-dn-™m¬ P\-ßƒ B Hcp Znhkw
am{Xta AXns\ {]Xo-£n-°p-I-bpw, Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ß-fn¬ {]tXy-I-{i≤ ]Xn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvI-bp-≈q. AX-dn-bm-Ø-]-£w, B cm{Xn-bm-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp≈ F√m
Znh-khpw AXv {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]pWy-I¿a-ßƒ sNøm≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂-
Xm-Wv. Aß-s\, IqSp-X¬ ]pWyhpw {]Xn-^-ehpw t\Sp-hm≥ AXv Imc-W-am-bn-
Øo-cpw. Cu hkvXpX apkvenw (d) D≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Yn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
Ignbpw AXn-{]-Im-c-amWv:˛
kn¿dp_v\p-l_viv (`°VQ ¢ûÑM øHQR) ]d-bp∂p: D_-øp_v\p IAv_v (d)t\mSv Rm≥
tNmZn®p: \nß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c≥ C_v\p-a-kv-DuZv (d) "sIm√w apgp-h\pw (cm{Xn
kp∂-Øv) \a-kvImcw \n¿∆-ln-®m¬ ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ {]m]n°mw' F∂v ]d-bp-
∂p-ht√m? At∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p: "P\-ßƒ Hgn™p \n¬°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥
Dt±-in-®m-WXv (A-t±lw Aßs\ ]d-bp-hm≥ ImcWw AXm-Wv.) \n›-b-ambpw
At±-l-Øn-\-dn-bmw, AXv da-Zzm-\n-em-sW-∂pw, HSp-hn-esØ ]Øn-em-sW-∂pw. Ccp-
]-tØ-gns‚ cm{Xn-bm-sW-∂pw.' ]n∂oSv D_øv (d) i]Yw sNbvXp ]d™p: AXv
Ccp-]-tØ-gns‚ cm{Xn-bm-sW-∂v. At∏mƒ Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. "F¥ns\ Bkv]-Z-am-
°n-bmWv \nß-fnXv ]d-bp-∂Xv'? At±lw ]d™p: "dkq¬ ˜ Rßƒ°v ]d-
™p-X∂ AS-bm-fsØ (Bkv]-Z-am-°n)-bmWv. AXm-b-Xv, A∂v kqcy≥ civan-Iq-
SmsX DZbw sNøp-∂-Xns\ (ap.)
ssee- Ø p¬ IzZvdn¬ A\p- ` - h - s ∏- t ´- ° m- h p∂ Nne AS- b m- f - ß ƒ
˜
\_n Ah¿°v Nq≠n-°m-ń-s°mSp-Øn-cn-°p-sa∂v Cu lZo-Yn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-
Ip-∂p. Aß-s\, Xm≥ I≠ Hcp AS-bm-fsØ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bmWv D_øv (d)
AXv Ccp-]-tØ-gns‚ cmhm-sW∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-™-Xv. {]kvXpX AS-bm-f-ßƒ F√m-
h¿°pw a\- n-em-tb-°m-sat∂m A\p-`-h-s∏-t´-°m-sat∂m hnNm-cn-°m-hp-∂-X-√.
A√mlp A\p-{K-ln® ]pWy-hm≥amcmb Bfp-Iƒ°v Gsd-°psd Nne-sXms°
{Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-s™-∂p-h-cmw: A{X-am-{Xw. F∂m¬, D-_øv (d) Ccp-]-tØ-gns‚
cm{Xn F∂v \nP-s∏-Sp-Øn-∏d™Xp-t]mse, a‰v Nne cm{Xn-Isf \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm-
≠p≈ Nne-cpsS cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ thsdbpw ImWmw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv B cm{Xn˛
taep-≤-cn® lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se˛ da-Zzm≥ HSp-hn-esØ ]Øns‚ H‰-bmb
cm{Xn-I-fn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw, AXv GXv cm{Xn-bm-sW∂v \nP-s∏-Sp-Øm-h-X-s√∂pw
`qcn-]£w ]WvUn-X≥amcpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.
sh≈n-bmgvN Znhkw hfsc Npcp-ßnb Hcp ka-b-ap-s≠-∂pw, Hcp apkvenapw
\a-kvIm-c-Øn-embn {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v B kabw Ign-®p-Iq-ń-bm¬ {]m¿∞-\°v
DØcw In´m-Xn-cn-°p-Ib ˜
- n-s√∂pw \_n A-cp-fn-s®-bvXX- mbn _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw
(d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ssee-Øp¬ IzZvdn-s\-t∏m-se-Øs∂ Cu ka-bhpw GXm-
sW∂v \nP-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-ń-√. CXpw \ΩpsS \∑-°p-th-≠n-Xs∂ A√mlp sNbvX
Hcp A\p-{K-l-am-Ip-∂p. B ka-b-hp-ambn tbmPn-t®-°p-sa∂ {]Xo-£-tbmsS IqSp-
5404
X¬ kabw \a-kvIm-chpw {]m¿∞-\bpw \S-Øp-hm≥ CXpw t{]c-I-am-Ip-a-t√m.
CØcw Imcy-ßf - n¬ A¥¿`-hn® cl-ky-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm-\pw, Ah-bn-eS- ß
- nb
\∑-Iƒ t\Sp-hm\pw F√m-h¿°pw `mKyw kn≤n-s®∂v hcn-I-bn-√. \njvI-f-¶hpw
kpZr-V-hp-amb hnizm-k-hpw, AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ k¬°¿aw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-
hm-\p≈ AXyp¬km-lhpw D≈-h¿°v A√mlp AXn\v XuôIzv \¬Ip-∂-Xm-bn-
cn-°pw.
hnip≤ Izp¿Bs‚ Ah-X-cWw D≠mb cm{Xn B GI-Im-cWw sIm≠p-X-s∂˛
as‰mcp al-Xzhpw ]cn-KW - n-°s- ∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂m¬t]m-epw˛ F√m ImeØpw apkvenwIƒ
{]m¿∞- \ - I fpw k¬°¿aßfpw aptJ\ Hm¿a ]pXp- ° n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p- h m≥
A¿lXbp≈ Hcp cm{Xn-bmWv ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿. F∂n-cn-s°, A√m-lp-hpw,
Ahs‚ dkqepw C{X-b-[nIw BZ-chpw _lp-am-\hpw I¬]n-®n-´p≈ B ]pWy-cm-
{Xnsb Ah-K-Wn-°¬ Hcp apkvenan\v Hcn-°epw tbmPn°p∂-X-√. AXns\ BZ-cn-
t°-≠-Xpw, AXn¬ BN-cn-t°-≠Xpw F{]-Im-c-am-sW∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬
ImWn®pw ]d™pw X∂n-´p-≠v -Xm-\pw.A{]-Im-]ca-√msX at‰-sX-¶nepw Xc-Øn¬
C∂v ImWp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ {]tXyI BNm-c-ßtfm NS-ßp-Itfm amaq-ep-Itfm
hgn BZ-cn-®n´pw BN-cn-®n´pw ê-an-√. ê-an-s√∂v am{X-a-√, AsX√mw aX-Øn¬
kz¥w hI Iqń-t®¿°-ep-am-Ip-∂p. aX-Øn¬ Iqń-t®¿°-em-I-s´, Zp¿am¿K-hp-am-
Wv. (ándnÓn°V áY~H πch ,áY~H áK~fi πc)
≈°Vôjh Öëj ÉŸ ≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
5405
`mKw 30 áæq«ÑdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 98 _øn\x
5406
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
áæq«ÑdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
98. kqd-Xp¬ _øn\x

aZo-\-xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 8
Øn¬.
!1! thZ-°m-cn¬\n-∂pw, _lp-
ssZh hnizm-kn-If
- n¬ \n∂pw Ahn-
iz-kn-®-h¿, Xßƒ°v hy‡-amb
sXfnhv hs∂-Øp-∂-Xp-hsc (A-hn-
izm-kØ- n¬\n-∂v) thdn´p t]mcp-∂-
h-cm-bn-ń-√.
!2! AXm-b-Xv, ip≤-am-°-s∏´

GSp-Iƒ HmXn-s°m-Sp-°p∂ Hcp
dkq¬ hs∂-Øp-∂-Xv-h-sc).
!3! (h-{I-X-bn-√m-sX) sNm∆m-

bp≈ ]e (en-Jn-X) tcJ-Iƒ Ah
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p.
!1! Bbn-ń√ Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ thZ-°m-

cn¬\n∂v ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-h-cn¬ (_-lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬)-\n∂pw
thdn´p (\oßn ˛hn-´p)-t]m-cp-∂-h¿ Ah¿°v hcp-∂-Xp-hsc
hy‡-amb sXfnhv !2! (A-Xm-b-Xv) Hcp dkq¬ A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
\n∂v HmXn-s°m-Sp-°p∂ Nne GSp-Isf ip≤n-bm-°-s∏´ (]-cn-ip-
5407
≤-am-b) !3! Ah-bn-ep≠v (Ah Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p) tcJ (en-Jn-Xw)-Iƒ
sNm∆m-bp-≈-Xm-b, icn-bm-bp-≈, _e-h-Ømb
"ip≤-am-°-s∏´ GSp-Iƒ' sIm≠p-t±iyw Izp¿-B-\m-Ip-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
FgpØpw hmb-\bpw Adn-bmØ Bfm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ahn-Sp∂v GSp-t\m°n hmbn-
®p-sIm-Sp-°m-dn√. A∏-t∏mƒ hcp∂ hlvbv A∏-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta-\n°v lrZn-ÿ-am-
Ip-Ibpw AXv P\-ßƒ°v HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AtXm-Sp-IqSn Ah AX-
X-h-k-c-ß-fn¬Xs∂ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ aptJ\ GSp-I-fn¬ FgpXn kq£n-°epw ]Xn-
hm-bn-cp-∂p. CXp-sIm-≠mWv "GSp-Iƒ HmXn-s°m-Sp-°p∂p'sh∂v ]d-™-Xv. Ah-
bn¬ AS-ßnb \nb-a-ß-fpw, XtXzm-]-tZ-i-ß-fp-amWv "sNm∆mb enJn-X-tc-J-Iƒ'
sIm≠p-t±-iyw.
Cu Bb-Øp-I-fpsS kmcw Npcp-°-Øn¬ C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: bmsXm-cp-X-c-Øn-
ep≈ h{I-Xtbm tIm´tam C√m-Ø-Xpw, icn°v sNm∆n-\p-≈-Xp-amb \nb-a-ßfpw
XXz-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ ]cn-ip-≤-amb Nne GSp-I-fn-embn tcJ-s∏-SpØn kq£n-
°-s∏-ń-´p≈ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n°p∂ Hcp dkq¬˛ AYhm \_n
Xncp-ta\n˜ ˛kp-hy-‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ klnXw hs∂-Øp-∂-Xp-h-scbpw thZ-
°mcpw apivcn°p-I-fp-am-Ip∂ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ Nnc-Im-e-
ambn Dd-®p-\n∂v hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. dkq¬ h∂v Izp¿-B≥ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°m≥ XpS-
ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv AXn¬\n∂v Nne¿ thdn-´p-t]m∂v c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv.
a‰p≈hcm-Is - ´, `n∂n-∏nepw \ntj-[Ø- nepw apgp-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. A√mlp XpS¿∂p
]d-bp∂p:˛
!4! thZ-{KŸw \evI-s∏-´-h¿

Xßƒ°v hy‡-amb sXfnhv h∂-
Xn\v tij-ambn-´-√msX `n∂n-°p-I-
bp-≠m-bnń√.
!5! aXsØ (A-Yhm Iogvhg-°-
sØ) A√m-lp-hn\v \njvIf-¶-cm-
°n-sIm-≠v˛ EPp-a-\-kvI-cmb \ne-
bn¬ ˛A-hs\ Bcm-[n-°p-hm-\pw,
\a-kvImcw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm-\pw,
k°mØv sImSp-°p-hm\pw A√m
sX Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-°s - ∏-ń-ń-√X
- m-
\pw. AXs{X sNm∆mb am¿K-
Øns‚ aXw (A-Yhm \S-]-Sn).
!4! `n∂n-®n-ń-√, I£n ]ncn-™n-ń√ thZ-{KŸw
\¬I-s∏-´h
- ¿ tij-am-bn-´√
- msX Ah¿°v h∂-Xns‚ hy‡-
amb sXfnhv !5! - A-h-tcmSv I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-an√ Ah¿ Bcm-
5408
[n-°p-hm-\-√msX A√m-lp-hns\ Ah\v \njvI-f-¶-cm-°n-s°m≠v
aX-sØ, aX-\-S-]-Snsb, IogvhW-°sØ EPp-am-\-k-cmb \ne-bn¬ (k-Xy-
Øn-te°v Xncn-™pw-sIm-≠v) Ah¿ \ne-\n¿Øp-hm\pw \a-kvImcw
Ah¿ sImSp-°p-hm\pw kImØv AXv, AXs{X aXw, \S-
]Sn sNm∆mbXns‚ (sNm-∆mb am¿K-Øn-s‚)
apivcn°p-I-sf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw apºv Ah¿°v thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf-∏‰n ]cn-N-
˜
b-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-I-sIm≠v Ah¿ \_n -sbbpw Izp¿-B-s\bpw \ntj-[n-®-Xn¬
henb A¬`p-X-an-√. F∂m¬ thZ-°m-cpsS \ne AX-√. Ah¿ thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fp-
ambn ]cn-N-b-ap-≈-h-cmWv. Ah-bpsS A≤ym-]-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v Ah¿ ]ng®p Zp¿am¿K-
Øn¬ ]Xn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-s°-bmWv hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-fpw-sIm≠v dkqepw Izp¿-
B\pw Ah¿°v hcp-∂-Xv. AtX ka-bØv Atd-_y-bn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-hm-\ncn°p∂
Hcp dkq-ens‚ hchv Ah¿ Nnc-Im-e-ambn ImØp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. Ah-
cpsS ssIh-i-ap≈ thZ-{K-Ÿhpw Ct∏mƒ dkq¬ sIm≠p-h∂ thZ-{K-Ÿhpw
XΩn¬ h√ s]mcp-Ø-t°-Spapt≠m? AXpan-√. in¿°ns‚ Ie¿∏n-√mØ \njvI-f-
¶-amb Xulo-Zv, \a-kvIm-cw, k°mØv apX-emb Imcy-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p ap≥{K-Ÿ-
ßƒ Ah-tcmSv imkn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXp-X-s∂-bmWv Izp¿-B\pw imkn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n-
´v-t]mepw thZ-°m¿ Izp¿-B-\nepw dkq-enepw hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√. am{X-
a-√, Akq-bbpw ]Ibpw sh®p-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS thZ-{K-ŸØ - ns‚ imk-\I- ƒ°pw,
h¿K-]n-Xm-hmb C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS ]mc-º-cy-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ°pw hncp-≤-ambn
Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fmbn `n∂n-°p-I-bmWv Ah¿ sNbvXXv.
F√m Zp¿am¿K-ßfpw hn´v EPp-hmb kXy-am¿KØn-te°v Xncn-™-h¿ F∂mWv
(lp-\-^m-Dv) F∂ hm°psIm≠v hnh-£. C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS aX-
]m-c-ºcyw kzoI-cn-®-h-cpsS hnti-j-W-ambpw B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.
thZ-°m¿ Xß-sf-∏‰n Xßƒ "lp\-^m-Dv' BsW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ,
AtX, ]mc-ºcyw \ne-\n-dp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Izp¿-Bs - \bpw dkq-en-s\bpw Ah¿
\ntj-[n-°p∂Xn\v bmsXmcp \ymbo-Ic - W
- hpw C√m-ØX
- m-Wv. thZ-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw
apivcn°p-I-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, \ntj-[-Øns‚ êw \cIw Xs∂. A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p:
! 6! \n›- b - a m- b pw, thZ- ° m-

cn¬\n-∂pw, _lp-ssZ-hh - n-izm-kn-I-
fn¬\n∂pw Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ "Pl-
∂an' [\c-I-Øn]s‚ A·n-bn-em-bn-
cn-°pw˛ AXn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-
s°m- ≠ v . A°q- ´ ¿X- s ∂- b m- W v ,
krjvSn-I-fn¬ sh®v tami-am-b-h¿.
!7! \n›-b-am-bpw, hniz-kn-°p-
I-bpw, k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-
5409
°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿;A°q-´-c-s{X,
krjvSn-I-fn¬sh®v DØ-a-cm-b-h¿.
!8! Ah-cpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬

Ah-cpsS {]Xn-^-ew, ASn-`m-K-Øp-
IqSn Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ ÿnc-hm-k-Øns‚ kz¿K-ß-
fm-Ip-∂p. AXn¬ Fs∂∂pw (A-
h¿) \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m-≠v.
A√mlp Ah-sc-°p-dn®v Xr]vXn-s∏-
Sp-∂-XmWv; Ah¿ Ah-s\-°p-dn®pw
Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXv, GsXm-
cp-h≥ Xs‚ d∫ns\ `b-s∏-´pthm
Ah-\p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p.
!6! \n›-b-ambpw Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿ thZ-°m-
cn¬\n∂v _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Pl-∂-ans‚
A·n-bn-em-bn-cn°pw AXn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v A°q-
´¿Xs∂-bmWv krjvSn (]-S-∏p)-I-fn¬ tami-s∏-´-h¿ !7!
\n›-b-ambpw hniz-kn-®-h¿ k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°bpw
sNbvX A°q-´¿ Xs∂-bmWv krjvSn-I-fn¬ DØ-a-cm-b-h¿ !8!
Ah-cpsS {]Xn-êw Ah-cpsS d∫n-¶¬ ÿnc-hm-k-
Øns‚ kz¿K-ß-fmWv Ah-bpsS ASn-bn¬°qSn \S-°pw, (H-gp-Ipw)
Acp-hn-Iƒ, ]pg-Iƒ AXn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-bns°m≠v
F∂pw, F°m-ehpw A√mlp Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂X
- m-Wv, s]mcp-Øs
- ∏-ń-cn-°p∂p
Ah-sc-∏‰n Ahcpw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv, s]mcp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p
Ah-s\-∏‰n AXv `b-s∏-´-h-\mWv Xs‚ d∫ns\
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn e`n-°p-I-bpw, Ah-s\-∏‰n Xr]vXn-h-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂
k÷-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp \sΩ Dƒs∏Sp-Ø-s´. ÚeBG
5410
`mKw 30 ∫GõdqõdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 99 kn¬km¬
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
∫GõdqõdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
99. kqd-Xp¬ kn¬km¬

[a°xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap≠v]
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! `qan AXns‚ (A-Xn-`-b-¶-c-
am-b) B Iº\w Iºn-°-s∏-´m¬!˛
!2! `qan AXns‚ `mc-ßsf ]pdw-
X-≈p-I-bpw.
!3! "AXn\v F¥mWv (]-‰n-bX
- v)'
F∂v a\p-jy≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw (sN-
bvXm¬)!˛
!4! (A-sX) B Znhkw AXv
AXns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ ]d-™-dn-
bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
!5! \ns‚ d∫v AXn\v t_m[\w
\¬In-b-Im-c-W-Øm¬.
!1! hnd-∏n-°(-Ip-ep-°˛ Iºn-∏n-°)-s∏-´m¬ `qan AXns‚
hnd (Ip-ep-°w˛ Iº-\w) !2! `qan ]pd-Øm-°pI (sh-fn-°p-h-cp-
Øp-I)bpw AXns‚ (A-Xn-se) `mc-ßsf !3! a\p-jy≥ ]d-bp-
Ibpw - A-Xn\v F¥m-sW∂v !4! A∂sØ Znhkw AXv ]d-™-
dn-bn-°pw, h¿Ø-am\w ]dbpw AXns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-ßsf !5! \ns‚
5411
d∫v Bb-Xp-\n-anØw AXn\v t_m[\w \¬In (F-∂-Xv)
A¥y-\m-fnse AXn-`-b-¶c kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv. `qan
AXns‚ Ah-km-\t- ØXpw G‰hpw tLmc-am-bX - p-amb Iº-\Ø
- n\pw t£m`-Øn\pw
hnt[-b-am-Ip∂p; ac-W-s∏´p aÆ-S-™-h-c-S°w `qan-°p-≈n¬ InS-∏p≈ \nt£-]-
ß-sf√mw AXv shfn-°p-h-cp-Øp∂p; CsX√mw A\p-`-h-Øn¬ ImWp-tºmƒ a\p-
jy≥ A‘m-fn®p `b-hn-lz-e\ - m-bn-Øo-cpw. Ah≥ ]dbpw: lm, F¥m-WnXv...... `qan°v
F¥p-]-‰n........?! Fs∂m-s°. Cß-s\-bp≈ B Kuc-h-L-´-Øn¬ `qan-bn¬ Hfn-™p-
In-S-∏p≈ cl-ky-ß-sf√mw shfn-°p-hcpw. AsX, `qan°v AXn-\p-th-≠p∂ t_m[-
\hpw A\p-a-Xnbpw A√mlp \¬IpIbpw, `qan AsX√mw Xpd∂p Im´p-Ibpw
sNøpw.
4 ˛mw hN\w HmXn-s°m≠v dkq¬ ˜
kzlm-_n-I-tfmSv tNmZn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn:
"AXns‚ (`q-an-bp-sS) h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ F¥m-sW∂v \nßƒ°-dn-bmtam?' Ah¿
]d™p: "A√m-lp-hn\pw dkq-en\pw Adn-bmw.' At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p:
"AXns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ F∂p-sh-®m¬, BWpw s]Æp-amb Hmtcm ASn-bm\pw
AXns‚ aosX-sh®v {]h¿Øn-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n AXv km£n ]d-b-em-Ip-∂p. AXm-b-Xv,
C∂n∂ Znhkw Ah¿ C∂n-∂Xv sNbvXp F∂v ]d-bp-I. CXm-W-Xns‚ h¿Ø-am-
\-ßƒ.' (A; \; Xn.)
!6! A∂sØ Znh-kw, Xß-fpsS

{]h¿Ø\ (^-e)-ßƒ Xßƒ°v
Imń-s°m-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\mbn a\p-
jy¿ `n∂-kw-L-ß-fmbn cwK-Øp-h-
cp-∂-Xm-Wv.
!7! At∏mƒ, B¿ Hcp AWp-
Øq°w \∑ {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂pthm
Ah≥ AXpw ImWpw.
!8! B¿, Hcp AWp-Øq°w

Xn∑ {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂pthm Ah≥
AXpw ImWpw.
!6! A∂v ]pd-s∏´p (cw-K-Øv) hcpw, ]pd-s∏-´p-t]mIpw a\p-
jy¿ `n∂-kw-L-ß-fm-bn, ]e Iq´-ambn Ah¿°v Imń-s°m-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-
hm≥ th≠n Ah-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, I¿a-ßƒ !7! At∏mƒ
B¿ sNbvXn-cp-∂pthm Hcp AWp-Øq°w (A-Wp-A-f-hv) \∑, KpWw,
\√Xv Ah-\Xv ImWpw !8! B¿ {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂pthm
Hcp AWp-Øq°w Xn∑, tZmjw, NoØ Ah≥ AXv ImWpw.
5412
k¥p-jvS-cm-bn-s°m≠pw, k¥m-]-s∏-´p-sIm≠pw, shfpØ {]k-∂-cq-]-tØm-
sSbpw IdpØ hnjm-Z-cq-]-tØm-sS-bpw, he-Xp-]-£-°m-cmbpw CS-Xp-]-£-°m-cm-
bpw. kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw kzoI-cn-®-h-cmbpw Ahsb \ntj-[n-®-h-cmbpw
˛A-ßs\ ]e-X-c-°m-cmbpw kz`m-h-°m-cp-am-bpw˛ P\-ß-sf√mw Iz_vdp-I-fn¬\n∂v
hnNm-c-W-\n-e-b-Øn-te°v cwK-{]-thiw sNøp-∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-s‚bpw kI-e-I¿a-
ßfpw sNbvXn-Ifpw AhnsS Xpd-∂p-Imń t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. \n m-c-sa-
∂p-sh®v H∂pw Hgn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Hc-Wp-thmfw \∑ sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXpw,
Hc-Wp-thmfw Xn∑ sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXpw Ah\v ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏-Spw. AX-
Xns‚ êw AX-Xns‚ Bfp-Iƒ°v A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.
(Z¿dØv) F∂ ]Z-Øn\v \t∂ sNdnb Ddp-ºns‚ Imev, AWp, Hm´-sh-bn-
en¬IqSn {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ [qfw Fs∂ms° A¿∞w ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. GXm-bmepw
˜
Atß-A‰w sNdpXpw \n m-c-hp-am-bXv F∂s{X Dt±-iyw. \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS
Nne hN-\-ßƒ ChnsS kvacn-°p-∂Xv ka-tbm-Nn-X-am-bn-cn°pw. Ahn-Sp∂p ]d-
bp∂p:˛
1. "kZm-Nm-c-Øn¬ (k¬°m-cy-Øn¬)-s]´ bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw \o Ah-K-Wn-°-
cp-Xv. sh≈w IpSn-°p-hm≥ hcp-∂-hs‚ ]m{X-Øn¬ \ns‚ sIm´-t°m-cn-bn¬\n∂v
(\o sh≈w tImcp∂ ]m{X-Øn¬\n-∂v) A¬]w sh≈w Hgn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂p-
≈-Xm-bmepw icn. As√-¶n¬ \ns‚ ktlm-Z-cs\ {]k-∂-h-Z-\-\mbn A`n-ap-Jo-I-
cn-°pI F∂p-≈-Xm-bmepw icn.' (_p.)
2. kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-fm-Ip∂ kaq-l-ta, Bńs‚ Hcp Ipf-ºm-Wp-≈-sX-¶nepw
Hcp Ab¬°mcn Ah-fpsS Ab¬°m-cnsb (H´pw sImSp-°m-sX) Ah-K-Wn®p
If-b-cp-Xv.' (_p.)
3. "BCim, \n m-c-amb ]m]-ßsf kq£n-®p-sIm-≈-Ww. Imc-Ww, A√m-lp-
hn-¶¬\n∂pw Ahsb At\z-jn-°p-∂-Xmb Hcm-fp-≠v.' (A; \; P.)
4. "\n m-c-ambn KWn-°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ ]m]-ßsf \nßƒ kq£n-°-Ww. Imc-Ww,
Ah a\p-jy-s‚-ta¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-I-bpw, Aßs\ Ah Ahs\ \mi-Øn-e-I-s∏-
Sp-ØpIbpw sNøpw' (A.)
Hcp Imcyw ChnsS Hm¿an-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Hcp AWp-thmfw \∑tbm Xn∑tbm
sNbvXm¬ AXns‚ êw a\p-jy≥ A\p-`-hn-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ, A√m-lp-
hnepw A¥y-\m-fnepw hniz-kn-°mØ Bfp-Iƒ k¬Im-cy-ßƒ {]h¿Øn®n´ps≠-
¶n¬ AXn\v ]c-tem-IØv Ah¿°v \√ {]Xn-êw e`n-°p-sa∂v h√-hcpw [cn-t®-
°mw. kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-h-cpsS \√ Imcy-ßƒ°v A√mlp bmsXmcp
{]Xn-^-ehpw \¬Ip-∂-X-s√-∂pw, Ah-cpsS {]Xn-êw Cl-Øn¬sh-®p-Xs∂
A√mlp \nd-th-‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-I-bmWv sNøpI F∂pw (kq: lqZv; 15, 16; kq:
^p¿Izm≥; 23 apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬) A√mlp hy‡-ambn {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-
Ip-∂p.
!π° ØdG ¬dh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh!
5413
`mKw 30 äÉjOÉ©dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 100 BZn-bmØv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
äÉjOÉ©dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
100. kqd-Xp¬ BZn-bmØv

[aZ\o-bm-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap≠v]
Øn¬.
!1! InX®v (io-{L-K-Xn-bn¬)
HmSp-∂h Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!˛
!2! Aß-s\, (Ip-fºv I√n¬)
Dckn Xo ]d-∏n-°p-∂h;˛
!3! Aß-s\,{]`m-X-Øn¬ (sN-
∂v) B{I-aWw \S-Øp-∂h;˛
! 4! F∂n´v AXn¬ [{]`m- X -
Øn¬] Ah s]mSn-]-Sew Cf-°n-
hn´p;˛
! 5! F∂n´v AXn¬ [{]`m- X -
Øn¬] Ah (i-{Xp) kwL-Øn\v
\Sp-hn¬ {]th-in-®p.
!1! HmSp-∂-h-X-s∂-bmW InX®v !2! Aßs\ (F-
∂n-´v) Xo IØn-°p-∂h (I-√v) Dc-kn-bn´v !3! Aßs\ (F-∂n-´v)
B{I-aWw \S-Øp-∂h {]`m-X-Øn¬ !4! F∂n´v AXn¬ Ah Cf-
°n-hn-´p, Inf-dn-∏n®p s]mSn-]-Sew !5! F∂n´v (A-ß-s\) Ah a≤y-
Øn¬sN∂v AXn¬ kwL-Øn-\v, Iq´-Øn¬
5414
Cß-s\-bp≈ KpW-ßƒ HØn-W-ßnb ap¥n-b-Xcw IpXn-c-I-sf-s°m≠v kXyw
sNbvXp ]d-bp∂p F∂v kmcw. AXn-io{Lw InX-®p-]m-™p-sIm-≠v, Hm´-Øns‚
Du°pw thK-Xbpw \nanØw Imep-Iƒ I√n¬ Dckn Xo ]d-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v, i{Xp-
°ƒ Fgp-t∂‰v ]pd-Øp-hcpw apºmbn {]`m-X-th-f-bn¬Xs∂ Ah-cpsS Xmh-f-Øn-
seØn B{I-aWw \S-Øn-s°m-≠v, A¥-co£w s]mSn-]-S-e-Øm¬ aqSp-amdv Pm{K-
X-bn¬ i{Xp-at≤y IS-∂p-sN∂v ]S\SØp-∂h F∂n-ßn-s\-bmWv IpXn-c-I-fpsS
KpW-ß-fmbn A√mlp FSpØp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
b{¥o-IrX bp≤-km-a-{Kn-Iƒ {]Nm-c-Øn¬ hcp-∂-Xp-hsc bp≤-cw-K-ß-fn¬ IpXn-
c°v hºn® ÿm\-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. [¿a-k-a-c-ßƒ°v IpXn-c-Isf k÷-am-°p-
∂-Xn\pw IpXn-c-∏-b-‰p-Iƒ ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ckveman¬ hfsc {]m[m\yw
\¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. i{Xp-°ƒ°p-th≠n Ignbpw {]Imcw i‡nbpw, sIń-t∏m-jn-
∏n® IpXn-c-I-sfbpw \nßƒ Xøm-dm°n sh°-W-sa-∂pw, AXp-aqew A√m-lp-hn-
s‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw i{Xp-°sf \nßƒ°v òXn-s∏-Sp-Øm-sa∂pw (kq: A≥^m-
¬ 60 ¬) A√mlp {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-
kn-®p-sIm≠pw, Ahs‚ hmKvZm-\-ßsf kXy-am-°n-s°m≠pw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-
Øn¬ Hcp IpXn-csb h√-hcpw apS-°n-sh-®m¬, AXn\v hb-dp-\n-d-°p-∂-Xpw, Zmlw
Xo¿°p-∂-Xpw, AXv ImjvSn-°p-∂-Xpw, aq{Xn-°p-∂-Xp-sa-√mw-Xs∂ Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-
˜
fn¬ Ah-cpsS Xpem- n¬ D≠m-bn-cn°pw F∂v \_n bpw Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p-
∂p. (_p.) AY-hm, AXn-\p-th≠n sNøp∂ F√m {]hr-Øn-Iƒ°pw, AXns‚ Ne-
\-ßƒ°pw Ah¿°v ]pWyw e`n-°p-sa-∂pw, Ah-sb√mw Ah-cpsS k¬°¿a-ß-
fmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw Xm¬]-cyw. DØ-a-Kp-W-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb IpXn-c-Isf Xøm-
dm-°n-sh-°p-hm-\p≈ t{]m’m-l-\-hpw, IpXn-c-I-fpsS DØ-a-Kp-W-ßƒ GsXm-s°-
bm-sW-∂p≈ kqN-\bpw Cu kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-
bmw. a\p-jys‚ s]mXp-sh-bp≈ Hcp kz`m-h-amWv Cu kXyw aptJ\ A√mlp
FSpØp Im´p-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛

Ahs‚ c£n-Xm-hn-t\mSv \µn-sI-
´-h≥ Xs∂.
! 7! \n›- b - a m- b pw, Ah≥
AXn\v km£yw \¬Ip-∂-h\pw
Xs∂.
!8! \n›-b-am-bpw, Ah≥ \√-
Xn-t\mSv [[\-tØmSv] kvt\l-Øn¬
ImTn\yap≈-h\pw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
!6! \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ d∫n-t\mSv \µn-sI-
´-h≥ Xs∂-bmWv !7! \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ AXns‚ ta¬
km£yw hln-°p-∂-h≥ Xs∂ !8! \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ \√-Xn-
5415
5416
t\m-Sp≈ kvt\l-Øn¬ ITn-\-am-b-h≥Xs∂
a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®p-≠m°n Ah-\v-th-≠p∂ Btcm-Kyw, [\w XpS-ßnb F√m
kuI-cy-ßfpw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-SpØv c£n®p hf¿Øn-t∏m-cp∂ Ahs‚ c£n-
Xm-hm-Wt√m A√m-lp. Ah-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[tam `b-∏mtSm C√m-sX, Ahs‚
I¬]- \ - I ƒ am\n- ° m- s X, Ahs‚ apºn¬ Xe- I p- \ n- ° m- s X, Ahs‚ A\p-
{Klßƒ°v \µnbpw Iqdp-an-√msX Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-I-bmWv a\p-jy≥. Ah≥Xs∂
AXn\v km£yhpw hln-°p-∂p-≠v. Ahs‚ ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ, Ahs‚ hm°p-Iƒ,
{]hr-Øn-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpw˛ Ahs‚ a\- m-£n-t]m-epw˛ AXn\v km£n-bm-Wv. ]c-
t{]-c-W-I-fpw, ÿm]nX Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw Hgn-®p-\n-dpØn Aev]-t\cw Ah-s\m∂v
a\ v Xpd∂p Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°n-bm¬ Ahs‚ a\- m-£n-Xs∂ Ah-t\m-SXv Xpd∂p
]d-bpw. A√mlphnt\mSv \µn-Im-´p-∂X- n\v ]Icw sFlnI kpJ-ku-Ic - y-ßf
- n-emWv
Ahs‚ {i≤ Ah≥ tI{µo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. [\-amWv Ahs‚ G‰hpw henb e£yw.
AXn-\mbn F¥v am¿Khpw Ah≥ kzoI-cn-°pw. Inń-b-sX√mw kzmb-Ø-am-°pw.
Iøn-e-W-™Xv Nne-hm-°m≥ Iq´m-°p-I-bn-√. Ahn-sSbpw \µn-tI-SvX-s∂.
7 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ (\n-›-b-ambpw Ah≥) F∂ hm°nse k¿∆-\maw (Òpª°n V)-
sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv a\p-jy-\mWv F∂ \ne-°mWv apI-fn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®-Xv.
A√m-lp-hmWv AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-iy-sa∂pw hcmw. Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ B \ne-
°mWv B hN\w hymJym-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - pw. a\p-jys‚ \µn-tI-Sn\v A√mlp km£n-
bm-Wv, AYhm Ah≥ AsX√mw I≠-dn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv F∂m-bn-
cn°mw At∏mƒ kmcw. (ssJ¿) F∂m¬ "\√-Xv, KpWw, DØ-a-am-bXv'
Fs∂ms° hm°¿∞-am-Ip-∂p. [\w Hcp \√ hkvXp-hmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv
sIm≠v [\-sØ˛ As√-¶n¬ [\m-[n-Iy-sØ˛ Dt±-in®pw B ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-
≠v. kqd-Øp¬ _Izdx 180 ¬ Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ B ]Zw A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-
°p-∂Xv ImWmw. [\sØ am{X-a-√m-sX, Cl-Øn¬ \∂mbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp∂ F√m-
‰n-s\bpw Dt±-in-®mWv AXv C-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂v sh°p-∂-Xnepw
Akmw-KXyw ImWp-∂n-√. B hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw At∏mgpw hy‡-am-W-t√m.
º∏YG ¬q∏dG \µn-bn-√mØ a\p-jys\ A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p:˛
!9! F∂m¬, Ah≥ Adn-bp-

∂nt√? Iz_vdp-I-fn-ep-≈Xv Cf°n
adn(®p ]pd-Øm)-°-s∏-´m¬...!˛
!10! s\©v [lrZbw]Ifn- e p-
≈Xv (sh-fn-°v) hcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
(sN- b v X m¬)....! [F¥m- b n- c n°pw
At∏mƒ Ahs‚ ÿnXn?!]
!11! \n›-b-am-bpw, A∂sØ
Znhkw Ah-sc-∏‰n Ah-cpsS d∫v
kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h≥ Xs∂.
5417
!9! F∂m-e-h≥ Adn-bp-∂n-t√, Adn-™p-IqtS Cf°n adn°(]p-
d-Øm-°)-s∏-´m¬ Iz_vdp-I-fn-ep-≈Xv !10! hcp-Ø-s∏-SpI (sh-
fn°v sIm≠p-h-c-s∏SpI)bpw s\©v (lr-Z-bw)-I-fn-ep-f-fXv !11!
\n›-b-ambpw Ah-cpsS d∫v Ah-sc-∏‰n B Znhkw kq£va-
⁄m\n Xs∂
ac-W-s∏-´-h-sc√mw Iz_vdp-I-fn¬\n∂v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, Hmtcm-
cp-Øs- ‚bpw lrZ-bØ- n¬ Hfn-™p-InS∏p≈ hnNm-ch- n-Im-cc
- l
- k
- y-ßs
- f√mw shfn°v
sIm≠p-h-c-s∏Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp Znh-k-ap-s≠∂v Ah≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂nt√?
Ahs‚ Hscm‰ cl-kyhpw A∂v shfn°v hcm-Xn-cn-°b - n-√. F√mw A√mlp icn°pw
kq£va-ambpw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. CX-h¿ Hm¿ØpsIm-≈s´!
!áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG!
5418
`mKw 30 áYQÉ≤dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 101 IzmcnAx
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
áYQÉ≤dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
101. kqd-Xp¬ IzmcnAx

Øn¬.
!1! apń Ae-°p∂ (B `b-¶c)
kw`hw!
! 2! apń Ae- ° p∂ kw`hw
F∂m¬ F¥mWv?!
! 3! apń Ae- ° p∂ kw`hw
F∂m¬ F¥m-sW∂v \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw?!
!1! apń Ae-°p∂ kw`hw !2! F¥mWv apń Ae-°p∂
kw`hw !3! \n\°v F¥-dnbmw apń Ae-°p∂ kw`hw F¥m-
sW∂v
"hfsc Dut°msS apń Ae-°p-∂-Xv, apń Ae-°p-∂-Xp-aqew D≠m-Ip∂ ISpØ
"i_vZw' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv (Izm-cn-A-Øv) F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w. Iznbm-
aØv \mfmWv ChnsS hnh-£. Imlfw DuXp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw, temI-am-k-Iew Xń-
Ø-I-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw D≠m-Ip∂ tLmc-i-_vZ-hpw, XpS¿∂p-≠m-Ip∂ hºn® òI-
cm-h-ÿ-Ifpw Imc-W-ambn Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fn\v B t]¿ \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. Cu
hN-\-ß-fn¬ B Znh-k-Øns‚ Kuc-h-Øn-te°v {i≤ Xncn-®p-sIm≠v A∂sØ
Nne kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ßsf A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛
!4! (A-sX) a\p-jy≥ Nn∂n-®n-
X-dnb ]m‰-t]mse Bbn-Øo-cp∂
Znhkw!˛
5419
! 5! ]¿h- X - ß ƒ IS- b - s ∏´
tcmaw- t ]mse Bbn- Ø o- c p- I bpw
sNøp∂ (Zn-h-kw)! [A∂mWv B
kw`-hw.]
!4! Bbn-Øo-cp∂ Znhkw a\p-jy¿ ]m‰-t]mse

]cØ (\n-c-Ø)-s∏´, Nn∂n-®n-X-dnb !5! ]¿h-X-ßƒ Bbn-
Øo-cp-Ibpw tcmaw t]mse IS-b-s∏´ ([q-f-am-b)
F¥p-th-Ww, F¥mWv kw`-hn-°pI, `mhn F¥m-bn-cn°pw Fs∂m∂pw Adn-
bmsX A∂v a\p-jy-tIm-Sn-Iƒ A¥w-hn´v `b-hn-lz-e-cmbn Cømw-]m-‰-°q-´-ß-sf-
t∏mse Nn∂n-®n-Xd
- p-Ibpw \n›-ea
- mbn Dd-®p-\n¬°p∂ Cu Iq‰≥ ]¿h-Xß
- s- f√mw
A∂v IS™ tcma-sa-t∂mWw [qfw [qf-ambn Xń \nc-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. HSp-
hn¬ Iemiw F¥m-bn-cn°pw? A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
!6! At∏mƒ, bmsXm-cp-hs‚
Xpem- p- I ƒ (A- Y hm Xq°w)
L\wXqßntbm Ah≥;˛
! 7! Ah≥, Xr]v X n- I - c - a mb
Pohn-X-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw.
!8! F∂m¬, bmsXm-cp-hs‚
Xpem- p- I ƒ (A- Y hm Xq°w)
eLp-hmtbm Ah-\m-I-s´,
!9! Ahs‚ kt¶Xw "lmhnbx'
[AKm[ \cIw] BIp-∂p.
!10! AXv ["lmhnbx'] F¥m-
sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw?!˛
!11! NptS-dnb A·n-bs{X!

!6! At∏mƒ B¿, bmsXm-cp-h≥ L\-s∏-´p, `mcw Xqßn
Ahs‚ Xpem v (Xq-°w)-Iƒ !7! At∏m-g-h≥ Hcp Pohn-X-Øn-em-bn-
cn-°pw, D]-Po-h-\-Øn-emWv Xr]vXn-I-c-amb !8! F∂m¬ bmsXm-cp-
ht\m eLp-hm-bn, t\¿a-bmbn Ahs‚ Xpem- p-Iƒ !9! F-
∂m-e-hs‚ amXm-hv, X≈ (k-t¶-X-ÿm-\w) lmhn-b-ØmWv !10!
\n\°v F¥-dnbmw AsX-¥m-sW∂v !11! A·n-bs{X NqtS-dn-b,
ISpØ NqSp≈
5420
"DΩv' (ΩoG) F∂ hm°n\v "amXm-hv, DΩ, X≈, aqew, {][m-\-`m-Kw, a¿aw, tI{µ-
ÿm-\w, kt¶Xw' F∂n-ßs\ kµ¿t`m-NnXw ]e A¿∞-ßfpw hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Hcp inip-hn\v A`-b-tI-{µ-am-bp-≈Xv AXns‚ amXm-hm-W-t√m. F∂m¬ Ip‰-hm-fn-
Iƒ°v A`-b-tI-{µ-ambn h√Xpw Dt≠m? AYhm Ds≠-¶n¬, AXv \cIw am{X-am-
Ip-∂p-sh-∂mWv 9 ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqN-\. "lmhnbx' (ánjhp Éng) F∂m¬ "hogp-∂-Xv,
B≠p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv' Fs∂ms° hm°¿∞w, \c-I-amWv hnh-£. AXy-Km-[-amb
Hcp Xo°p-≠m-c-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v AXn\v B t]¿ ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
a\p-jys‚ I¿a-ß-sf√mw Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ Xq°n-°-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-
sW∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]e ÿeØpw {]kvXm-hn-®p-´-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, Fß-s\-bmWv
I¿a-ßƒ Xq°n-°-W-°m-°pI? B Xpem v GXpXc-Øn-ep-f-f-Xm-bn-cn°pw?
CsXm∂pw Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ \ap°v km≤y-a√ - . bmsXmcp Zp¿hym-Jym-\hpw \¬Im-
sX-bpw, ùXnI Xpem- p-ItfmSv Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øm-sXbpw \mw AXv hniz-kn-°p-
∂p. AsX, hniz-kn-°-Ww. ]t£, Hcp Imcyw \ap°v Hm¿an-°mw. \ΩpsS _mly-
Zr-jvSn-sIm≠v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ ]e hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw Afhpw Xq°hpw
IW-°m-°p-∂-Xn\v A¬]-⁄m-\n-bmb a\p-jy≥ hnhn[ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ D]-tbm-
K-s∏-SpØn hcp-∂p. At∏mƒ, Cu temI {]Ir-Xn-°-Xo-X-amb ]c-tem-I-Øp-sh®v
a\p-jy-I¿a-ß-f-S-°-ap≈ GXv Imcyhpw Xq°n-°-W-°m-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp am¿Kw
F√m-‰n-s‚bpw {kjvSm-hmb A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ImWp-hm≥ {]bm-
k-apt≠m?! C√ Xs∂.
kq: AAvdm^n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
(kmcw:
A∂sØ Znhkw Xq°n-t\m-°¬ bYm¿∞-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv.- A-t∏mƒ, bmsXm-cp-h-
cpsS Xpem- p-Iƒ˛ AYhm Xq°w-˛-L\w Xqßntbm Ah-cs{X `mKy-hm≥am¿.
bmsXm-cp-h-cpsS Xq°w eLp-hmtbm Ah-cs{X kzbw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h¿) B
`mKy-\-jvS-ß-fpsS Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
AsX, k¬I¿ßƒ°v ap≥Xq°w e`n-®-h¿ `mKy-hm≥amcpw kz¿Km-h-Im-in-Ifpw.
AXn\v ]n≥Xq°w h∂p-t]m-b-h¿ \jvS-°mcpw \c-Im-h-Im-in-I-fpw. A√mlp \sΩ
k¬°¿a-ßƒ°v ap≥Xq°w e`n-°p∂ `mKy-hm≥am-cn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥.
5421
`mKw 30 ôKÉµàdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 102 XIm-Yp¿
5422
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ôKÉµàdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
102. kqdXpØIm-Yp¿
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! ]c-kv]cw s]cp-∏w ImWn-
°¬ \nßsf A{i-≤-bn-em-°n-bn-
cn-°-bm-Wv,˛
!2! \nßƒ Iz_v¿ ÿm\-ßsf
kµ¿in-°p-∂Xvhtc-°pw.
!1! \nßsf A{i-≤-bn-em-°n, an\-s°-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p s]cp-
∏w \Sn-°¬, B[nIyw Im´¬ !2! \nßƒ kµ¿in-°p-∂-Xp-h-tc°pw
Iz_v¿ (iva-im-\) ÿm\-ßsf
[\w, a°ƒ apX-emb sFlnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ F\n°v a‰p-≈-h-sc-°mƒ
A[n-I-ap-s≠∂ \mSy-Øn-\pw, A[n-I-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂p≈ a¬k-c- a-\-xÿn-
Xn-°p-amWv ôKÉµJ (s]-cp∏w ImWn-°¬) F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kqx lZoZv 20 ¬ Cßs\
]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "Adn-™p-sIm-≈p-hn≥, \n›-b-ambpw sFlnI Pohn-X-sa∂Xv
Ifnbpw, hnt\m-Zhpw, Ae-¶m-chpw, \nßƒ XΩn¬ XΩn¬ A`n-am\w \Sn-°-epw,
kzØp- ° - f nepw a°- f nepw s]cp∏w \Sn- ° epw am{X- a m- I p∂p
( )'. Iz_v¿ ÿm\w (iva-im-\w) kµ¿in-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc˛
AYhm ac-W-s∏´p t]mIp-∂-Xp-h-sc˛ sFlnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-am-
Ip-Ib
- pw, `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ {i≤-\j - vSs
- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X- n-s\-∏‰
- n-bmWv A√mlp
Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-Xv. [\hpw a°-fp-sa√mw \√-Xv-X-s∂. AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. ]t£,
AXn¬am{Xw {i≤-sN-ep-Øp-I, AXv k¿h-{]-[m-\-ambn KWn-°p-I, Aßs\ `mhn-
sb-∏‰n t_m[-an-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-I, CXmWv Bt£-]-I-cw.
(s]-cp∏w ImWn-°¬ \nßsf A{i-≤-bn-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p) F∂
5423
hN\w HmXn-s°m≠v \_n ˜ ]d-bp-Ib
- p-≠mbn: "BZ-ans‚ aI≥ (a-\p-jy≥) ]dbpw:
"Fs‚ [\w! Fs‚ [\w!' F∂v. (tl, a\p-jym,) \o Xn∂p-Xo¿Ø-tXm, As√-
¶n¬ \o DSpØp ]g-°n-b-tXm, As√-¶n¬ \o [¿aw sImSpØp \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-
btXm A√m-sX, \ns‚ [\-Øn¬\n∂v \n\°v h√Xpw Dt≠m?' (A; ap; Xn.)
apkvenans‚ \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ C{Xbpw IqSn-bp-≠v. "CX-√m-Ø-sX√mw t]mbn-t∏m-Ip-
∂Xpw P\-ßƒ°mbn \o hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.' (ap.) sFlnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-
ßƒ Hcmƒ°v F{X-Xs∂ e`n-®n-cp-∂m-epw, AXn¬\n∂v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah\v
D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-∂Xv G‰hpw Npcp-ßnb Hc-f-hp-am-{X-amWv; AXp-t]mepw Zo¿L-Imew
\ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-a√; F√mw £Wn-I-amWv; HSp°w a‰p-≈-h¿°v Ah H∂-S¶w
hn´p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, AXn\v Aan-X-amb {]m[m\yw \¬Ip-I-
bpw, AtX-k-a-bØv ]mc-{Xn-I-amb Imem-Ime Pohn-X-sØ-∏‰n hnkva-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xn¬]cw hnUvVnØw as‰-¥p≠v?! A√mlp Xm°oXv sNøp∂p:˛
!3! th≠m, hgnsb \nßƒ°v

Adn-bm-dmIpw!
!4! ]ns∂, th≠m! hgnsb
\nßƒ°v Adn-bm-dmIpw!
!5! th≠m! \nßƒ ZrV-amb
Adnhv Adn- b p- a m- b n- c p- s ∂- ¶ n¬!
[F∂m¬ \nßƒ Aßs\ sNøp-
am-bn-cp-∂n-√.]
!6! Pzen-°p∂ \c-IsØ \n›-
b- a mbpw \nßƒ ImWp- I - X s∂
sNøpw.
! 7! ]ns∂, \n›- b - a mbpw,
\nßƒ AXns\ ZrV-amb IÏm-
gvN-bmbn ImWp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.
!8! ]n∂oSv A∂sØ Znh-kw,
\nß-tfmSv kpJm-\p-{K-l-ß-sf-∏‰n
\n›-b-ambpw tNmZyw sNø-s∏Spw!
!3! th≠, AX-√, Aß-s\-b√ hgn-sb, ]ndsI \nßƒ
Adnbpw !4! ]ns∂ th≠m \nßƒ hgnsb Adnbpw !5!
th≠m \nßƒ Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Dd-∏m-b (Zr-V-am-b)
Adnhv !6! \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ ImWp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw Pzen-°p∂
\cIw !7! ]ns∂ \nßƒ AXns\ ImWp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw Dd-
5424
∏mb (Zr-V-am-b) ImgvN-bm-bn, Dd∏v Xs∂-bmbn !8! ]ns∂ \n›-b-ambpw
\nßƒ tNmZn-°-s∏Spw A∂sØ Znhkw kpJm-\p-{K-l-sØ-∏‰n
Cl-Øn¬sh®v a\p-jy≥ A\p-`-hn-®Xpw Bkz-Zn-®-Xp-amb F√m kpJ-ku-I-
cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ˛A-sX-ßs\ Inń, F¥n¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn®p Fs∂m-s°˛ a\p-
jy≥ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Spw. IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ \cIw Iäp-ºn¬ lmP-cm-°-s∏-ń-´p-
ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬, Xr]vXn-I-c-amb adp-]Sn \¬In c£-s∏Sphm≥
km[n-°p-am-dm-IW- s
- a-¶n¬, Cu "s]cp∏w ImWn-°¬' Ah-km-\n-∏nt®]‰q. CsX√mw
tIhew Nne Dul-hm¿Ø-I-f-√. kpZr-V-hpw, A\p-`-h-Øn¬ I≠-dn-bp-hm-\n-cn-°p-
∂-Xp-amb bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
(\n-›-b-am-bpw, tIƒhn, ImgvN, lrZbw F∂n-h-sb-√mw-X-s∂, AX-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v
tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. (C-kvdm-Dv: 36.) \_n˜]d-bp∂p: "A©v Imcy-ß-
sf-°p-dn®v tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm-sX, Iznbm-a-Øv\m-fn¬ BZ-ans‚ aIs‚ (a-\p-jy-
s‚) Ime-Sn-Iƒ (hn-Nm-cW \nebw hn´v) \oßp-I-bn-√. Ahs‚ Bbp-jvIm-e-sØ-
∏‰n AXv F¥n¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn®p Xo¿Øp-sh-∂pw, Ahs‚ bph-Xz-sØ-∏‰n AXv
F¥n¬ \in-∏n-®p-sh-∂pw, Ahs‚ [\-sØ-∏‰n AXv Fhn-sS-\n∂v kºm-Zn-®p-sh-
∂pw, F¥n¬ Nne-h-gn-®p-sh-∂pw, Ah\v Adn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah≥ F¥mWv
{]h¿Øn-®Xv F∂pw' (Xn.)
Camw apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ \nth-Z\w sNbvX Hcp lZo-Yns‚ cXv\-®p-cp°w
˜
C{]-Im-c-amWv: \_n Xncp-ta\n bpw, A_q-_Iv¿ (d), Da¿ (d) F∂n-hcpw hfsc
hni-∂p-h-e™ Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ Hcp A≥kzmcn Ahsc k¬°-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
BZyw At±lw Ah¿°v CuØ-∏gw \¬In. XpS¿∂v Hcp Bńs\ AdpØv `£-
Whpw \¬In. `£Ww Ign®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n Cßs\ ]d™p: "Xo¿®-
bm-bpw, Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v \nßƒ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Spw. \nß-fpsS
hoń¬\n∂v hni-∏mWv \nßsf ]pd-Øm-°n-b-Xv. F∂n´v \nßƒ°v CXv (Cu
k¬°m-cw) e`n-°msX \nßƒ aS-tß≠n h∂n-√. CXv (A-√mlp \¬In-b) kpJm-
\p-{K-l-am-Ip-∂p.' (ap; P) A√mlp \¬Inb A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v \µn sNøp∂ k÷-
\-ß-fn¬ Ah≥ \sΩ F√m-h-scbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s´. Bao≥.
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏d
5425
`mKw 30 ô°ü©dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 103 Akzv¿
5426
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ô°ü©dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
103. kqdXp¬ Akzv¿

Dss_-Zp-√m-ln_v\p l^vkzx (d) ]d-™-Xmbn Camw Xz_vdm\o (d) D≤-cn-®n-

˜
cn-°p∂p: "\_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ c≠p-t]¿ XΩn¬ I≠p-ap-ń-
bm¬, Hcmƒ at‰-bmsf kqd-Øp¬˛ Akzv¿ BZy¥w HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°msX Ah¿
]ncn™p t]mIm-dn-√. A\-¥cw Hcmƒ at‰-bmƒ°v kemw sNm√n (]n-cn-™p)
t]mIpw.' Camw im^nCu (d) Cu kqd-Øn-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn \nth-Z\w
sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p: "Cu kqd-Ø-√msX as‰m∂pw Ah-X-cn-®n-ń-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw
P\-ßƒ°v CXv aXn-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Imc-Ww, Izp¿-B\
- nse F√m hn⁄m-\ß - fpw
AXpƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.' Ah-bpsS auen-Ia - mb hi-ßƒ kw£n-]vXa - mbn AXn¬
AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂v kmcw.
Øn¬.
!1! Imew-X-s∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!
\jvS-Øn¬ Xs∂-bmWv;˛
! 3! hniz- k n- ° p- I - b pw,
k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ib - pw,
bYm¿∞sØ-°p-dn®v At\ym\yw
"hkzn-øØv' [_e-amb D]-tZiw]
sNøp- I - b pw, £a- s b- ° p- d n®v
At\ym\yw "hkzn- ø Øv ' sNøp-
Ibpw sNbvX-h-scm-gn-sI. [Ch¿
am{Xw \jvS-Øn-e-√.]
5427
!1! Imew-X-s∂-bmW !2! \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jy≥
\jv S - Ø n¬ Xs∂ ! 3! bmsXm- c p- h - s cm- g nsI hniz- k n®
k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvX At\ym\yw
hkzn-øØpw sNbvX bYm¿∞sØ (k-Xy-sØ˛ \ymb-sØ˛ IS-a-sb˛ th≠-
Xn-s\)-∏‰n At\ym\yw hkzn-øØpw sNbvX £a (k-l\
- w) sIm≠v
\√tXm NoØ-tbm, sNdptXm hep-tXm, km[m-cWtam Akm-[m-cW - t- am, kt¥m-

j-I-ctam, k¥m-]-I-ctam GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, Imem-Ime-ß-fn¬ \S-am-Sn-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p∂ FÆ-a‰ kw`-hß - s
- f-√mw-Xs∂ Ime-Øns‚ IÆn-If - n¬ HXp-ßn-\n¬°p-
∂-h-b-s{X. Imew km£n-bm-hm-Ø˛ Imew kv]¿in-°m-Ø˛ Imcy-ß-tfm, Imc-W-
ß-tfm, Ncn-{X-ßtfm C√. F∂m¬, a\p-jys\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ahs‚
BZyw-sXm-´-h-km\w htc°pw _m[-I-amb Hcp \nb-aw˛ Ime-ap-≈-Im-e-tØmfw
\o°p-t]m-°n-√msX ÿnc-s∏´p \n¬°p∂ Hcp bmYm¿∞yw˛ ImesØ ap≥\n-
dpØn kXyw-sN-bvXp-sIm≠v A√mlp \sΩ Adn-bn-°p-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kw,
k¬°¿a-ßƒ, bYm¿∞-sØ-∏‰n ]c-kv]cw D]-tZ-in-°¬, £a-sb-∏d - dn ]c-kv]cw
D]-tZ-in-°¬ F∂o \mev Imcy-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°mØ a\p-jy-sc√mw \jvS-°m-cm-
Wv. AYhm A\p-jvTn-®-h¿ am{X-amWv em`w t\Sn-b-h¿. CXmWv B bmYm¿∞yw.
ùXn-I-t\-´-ß-fn-tem, sFlnI hym]m-c-ß-fn-tem, kzm¿∞-Xm¬]-cy-ß-fn-tem,
kpJm-Uw-_c - ß
- f
- ntem t\cn-t´-°p∂ \jvSa- √ ChnsS Dt±-in-°p∂ \jvSw. A√mlp
Dt±-in® \jvSw GXm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ henb _p≤ntbm bp‡ntbm
H∂pw hn\n-tbm-Kn®p kml-k-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. AXv A√m-lp-Xs∂ ]e-t∏mgpw \ap°v
hnh-cn®p X∂n-´p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn: ˛˛
(1) kq: Ilv^v 102 ˛ 106 t\m°p-I. Cl-Øn¬sh®v sNbvX I¿a-ßƒ ]mgmbn-
Øo-cp-Ib- pw, AtXm-sSm∏w Xßƒ sNøp-∂Xv \√-Xm-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-h¿˛ F∂p-sh-®m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fnepw Ah-\p-ambn I≠p-ap-t´-
≠n-h-cp-∂-Xnepw Ahn-iz-kn-®Xv \nanØw ap≥sNbvX I¿a-ß-sf√mw ê-iq-\y-ambn
\c-I-in-£°v A¿l-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-h¿˛ Ch-cmWv G‰hpw henb \jvS-°m-sc-∂mWv
AhnsS A√mlp ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
(2) kq: ap\m-^nIzq≥ 9 t\m°p-I. kzØp-°fpw a°fpw \nanØw ssZh-kva-c-
W-bn¬ A{i-≤-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-h-cmWv \jvS-°m¿ F∂v AhnsS ]d-bp-∂p.
(3) kq: l÷v 11 ¬ ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw, \∑ _m[n-°p-tºmƒ a\- -am-[m-\-s∏-
´pw, Xn∑ _m[n-°p-tºmƒ ÿnXn Ah-Xm-f-Øn-em-bn-sIm≠pw N©e a\-t msS
A√m-lp-hn\v Bcm-[-\-\-S-Øp-∂-h-cpsS \jvS-amWv Cl-Ønepw ]c-Øn-ep-ap≈
kv]jvS-amb \jvSw F∂-s{X.
(4) Ckvema-√mØ Hcp aXsØ Bsc-¶nepw At\z-jn-°p-∂-]-£w AXv kzoIm-
cy-a-s√-∂pw, Ah≥ ]c-tem-IØv \jvS-°m-c-\m-sW-∂pw, kq: Bep-Cw-dm≥ 85 epw
]d-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ, A√mlp Dt±-in-°p∂ \jvSw GXm-sW∂v as‰-hn-sSbpw ]cXn
t\m°msX CXn¬\n-s∂√mw a\- n-em-b-t√m.
5428
Cu \jvS-Øn¬\n-∂v˛ AX-√m-Ø-\-jvS-ß-sf√mw tIhew \ma-am-{X-\-jvS-ß-
fm-Wv˛ Hgn-hm-Ip-hm≥ \mev Imcy-ß-fmWv A√mlp D]m-[n-bmbn FSp-Øp-Im-´p-∂-
Xv. 1 ˛maXv hnizmkw. AXm-b-Xv, A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ {]hm-N-I≥am-cn-epw, thZ-
{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-epw, A¥y-\mƒ XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ hnizm-kw. hnizmkw \ma-
am-{X-am-bm¬t]m-cm. ZrV-am-b-Xpw, k¬°¿a-ßƒ°v {]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip-∂-Xp-am-bn-
cn-°-Ww. (kq: lpPp-dmØv 14˛ 15 Dw a‰pw t\m°p-I) 2 ˛maXv k¬°¿aw {]h¿Øn-
°¬. ta¬]-d™ kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \m\m-
Xp-d-I-fnepw A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp≈ \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-®p-sIm≠v
sNøp∂ F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn\v Nne Bcm-[-
\m-I¿a-ßƒ am{Xw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hcmƒ k¬°¿an-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-X-√.
adn®v P\-ß-tfmSpw kl-kr-jvSn-I-tfmSpw Xt∂mSv Xs∂bpw ]men-t°-≠p∂ IS-
a-Ifpw acym-Z-Ifpw ]men-°p-tºmtg Hcmƒ icn-bmb k¬°¿an-bm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp-
≈q.
3 ˛maXv ]c-kv]cw bYm¿∞w-sIm-≠v˛ AYhm hnizm-k-]-c-amtbm I¿a-]-c-amtbm
th≠s∏´Xpw ÿnc-s∏-´X - p-amb F√m Imcy-ßƒsIm-≠pw˛ At\ym\yw hkzn-øØv
sNøp-I-bm-Wv. C∂ Imcyw C∂-{]-Im-c-amWv th≠Xv F∂v ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬
am{Xw t]mcm. AXv {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-amdv kZp-]-tZ-i-cq-]-
Øn-epw, _e-h-Ømb coXn-bnepw Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xp≠v F∂mWv "hkzn-øØv' (án«°p Unh)
F∂ {]tbmKw ImWn-°p-∂X - v. (*) th≠-s∏´ Imcy-ßs
- f-°p-dn®v D]-tZiw \¬Iepw
shdp-°-s∏´ Imcy-ßsf°pdn®v hntcm-[n-°epw (ôµæŸG øY »¡ædGh ±hô©ŸÉH ôe’G) apkvenI-
fpsS s]mXp-I-S-a-bm-sW∂ Imcyw ChnsS kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. hy‡n-]-c-sa-t∂m,
kmaq-ly-sat∂m hyXym-k-an-√msX F√m Imcy-Ønepw Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ah-\-hs‚
Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v CXv \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-Ip∂p.\m-em-a-tØXv £asb
]‰n ]c-kv]cw hkzn-øØv sNø-es - {X. P\-ßƒ°v ktXym-]t- Z-iß- ƒ \¬Ip-tºmƒ
AXn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ t\cn-t´-°m-hp∂ FXn¿∏pI-sfbpw, hnj-a-ß-sfbpw kln-°p-I,
B]-Øp-I-fn-epw, ]co-£-W-ß-fnepw £a ssIsIm-≈p-I, A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√mØ
Imcy-ßƒ h¿÷n-°p-Itbm I¬]n-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß¬ A\p-jvTn-°p-Itbm sNøp-
∂-Xn¬ t\cn-t´-°m-hp∂ _p≤n-ap-´p-Isf £am-]q¿∆w XcWw sNøpI F∂n-h-
sb√mw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. C∂-sØ-t∏mse ]cn-k-chpw kaq-lhpw kZm-Nm-c-aq-
ey-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-t]m-Ipw-tXmdpw £a-bpsS hrØw hn]p-e-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bpw,
]c-kv]cw £a-sb-∏‰n D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX h¿≤n-°p-I-bp-amWv sNøp-
∂-Xv. (≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øpehn ) hep∏w t\m°p-tºmƒ hfsc sNdp-Xm-sW-¶n-epw, Hcp hymJym-
\-sam∂pw IqSm-sX-Øs∂ D≈-S°w hy‡-am-b-Xpw, AXn-hn-]p-ehpw A¿∞-K¿`-
hpamb Bi-b-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xp-amWv Cu kqdØv F∂v ImWmw. hy‡n-I-
fp-sSbpw kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw hnP-b-am¿K-ßƒ apgp-h\pw AXn¬ kw£n-]vX-ambn
hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
X°w ImWp-tºm-sg√mw Izp¿B≥ hN-\-ßsf Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXv ùXnI
Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v D]tbmKs∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-°m-dp≈ Nne B[p-\nI hmZn-Iƒ
Cu kqd-Øn\v Ah-cpsS hI Hcp ]pXnb A¿∞-hym-Jym\w I¬∏n®v ImWp-I-bp-
≠m-bn. AXv GXm-≠n-ßns\ hnh-cn°mw: ]©-km-c°v a[p-c-ap-≠v, Ata-cn-°-bnse
äGOôØŸG - ßYƒH ÉfÎ≤e ¬H πª©j ÉÃ Ò¨dG ¤G Ω~≤àdG á«°UƒdG (*)
5429
{]kwKw tdUntbm hgn C¥y-bn¬ tIƒ°mw, ]cn-jvI-cn® _ln-cm-Imi hml-\-
ßƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn a\p-jy\v N{µ-\nepw a‰v tKmf-ß-fnepw t]mbn-h-cp-hm≥
Ignbpw F∂nh t]mse-bp≈ "bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I'bpw, Ah {]mtbm-
Kn-I-am-°p-hm≥ th≠p∂ "k¬°¿a-ßƒ {]h¿Øn-°pI'bpw Aß-s\-bp≈
"bmYm¿∞y-ß-sf°p'dn®pw, Ah {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ hnj-a-ßƒ
"kln-°p-∂-Xn-s\'-°p-dn®pw ]c-kv]cw D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ a\p-
jys‚ "Pohn-X-]p-tcm-KXn' \jvS-s∏-Spw. Cu \mev KpW-ßƒsIm≠mWv bqtdm-
]y≥ kap-Zm-b-ßƒ temIØv hºn® ]ptcm-KXn {]m]n-®-Xv. CXmWv AXns‚
Npcp°w (¬∏dG n¿ÉnërÑo°S) B›cyw! Cu hymJym-\-Øn¬ \n∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ Izp¿-B≥
F{Xtbm ]cn-ip≤w Xs∂! ùXnI em`-\-jvS-ß-fp-sSbpw Pbm-]-P-b-ß-fp-sSbpw
am\-Z-WvU-ß-fmbn Ch¿ ka¿∞n-°p∂ Cu ka¿∞\w AXns‚ apJ-hn-e-°p-
Xs∂ \ap°pw sXs√ms° hI-sh-°mw. ]t£, kqd-Øp¬ Akzvdns‚ Bi-bhpw
Xm¬]-cyhpw AXp-ambn A¬]-_‘w t]mep-an-√-X-s∂. A√m-lp-hnepw Izp¿-B-
\nepw icn°v hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp apkvenan\v ˛A-bmƒ hfsc hnh-c-ÿ-s\m-∂p-a-
s√-¶nepw icn˛ tIhew Ft¥m Xm¬]-cy-]q¿∆w ]pXp-Xmbn Na-°-s∏´ Hcp ISpØ
Zp¿hym-Jym-\-am-Wn-sX∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ]c-k-lm-b-sam∂pw Bh-iy-an-√.
kq:_\q-C-kvdm-Cu-ense 18, 19 F∂o c≠v Xncp-h-N-\-ßƒ Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ Hm¿an-
°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. GQƒµ°ûe º¡«©°S ¿Éc : ¬dƒb ¤G ` án∏pLÉ©dG o~jpôoj n¿Énc røne (kmcw: £Wn-I-amb
Cu temIsØ Bsc-¶nepw Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬, \mw thW-sa∂v sh°p-∂Xv
Ahn-S-Øn¬ Ah\v \mw £W-Øn¬ sImSp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv Ah\v \c-IsØ
\mw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pw. Bt£-]n-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bpw, \nµn-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bpw-
sIm≠v Ah≥ AXn¬ IS-s∂-cn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw ]c-tem-IsØ Dt±-in-
°p-Ibpw Ah≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmbpw sIm≠v AXn-\p-th≠n AXn-s‚-Xmb ]cn-
{iaw ]cn-{i-an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Aß-s\-bp-≈-h-cpsS ]cn-{iaw \µn-sN-ø-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xmbncn°pw.)
!π° ØdG ¬dh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬∏dh!
5430
`mKw 30 Iõª¡dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 104 lpakx
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
Iõª¡dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
104. kqdXp¬ lpakx

Øn¬.
!1! (A-\y-sc) IpØn-∏-d-bp-∂-
hcpw Ipd-hm-°p-∂-hcp-amb F√m-
h¿°pw \miw!
!2! AXm-b-Xv, [\w tiJ-cn-°p-
I-bpw, AXv FÆn t\m°n-s°m-≠n-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h\v (\m-iw).
!3! Ahs‚ [\w Ahs\ imiz-
X-\m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah≥
hnNm-cn-°p-∂p.
!1! \miw, IjvS-∏mSv F√m IpØn-∏-d-bp∂ (C-Sn-®p-Xm-gvØp-
∂)-h¿°pw Zpjn®p]-d-bp∂ (Ip-d-hm-°n-∏-d-bp-∂)-h-cmb !2! AXm-
bXv tiJ-cn® (H-cp-an-®p-Iq-ń-b)-h≥ [\w, kzØv AXns\ FÆn-t\m-
°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°bpw sNbvX !3! Ah≥ IW-°m-°p-∂p, hnNm-cn-®p-sIm≠v
Ahs‚ [\w (B-Ip-∂p) F∂v Ahs\ imiz-X-\m°n (ÿn-c-hm-kn-
bm-°n)-bn-cn-°p∂p
Iptd [\w tiJ-cn-®p-≠m-°p-Ib- pw, AXv th≠-s∏´ hnj-bß - f- n¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-
°msX Al-¶m-c] - q¿∆w AXns‚ FÆhpw hÆhpw am{Xw Nn¥m-hn-jb - a
- m-bn-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ZpjvS≥amcn¬ kzm`m-hn-Ia- mbpw ImWm-hp∂ k{º-Zm-ba - mWv
A\ysc IpØp-hm-°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®p XmgvØe - pw, Ip‰-hpw-Ip-dhpw FSpØp-Imń
5431
Zpjn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°e
- pw, Xß-fpsS [\w Xßƒ°v Cu temIØv imiz-XP - o-hnXw
t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Øn-´p-s≠∂pw, Xßfpw Xß-fpsS [\hpw Hcn-°epw \in-°p-Ib - n-s√-
∂p-ap≈ `mh-ambncn°pw B [\-]q-PI - ≥amcn¬\n∂v {]I-Sa
- m-Ip-∂X
- v. Cß-s\-bp-
≈-h¿°v hºn® \mi-am-Wp-≈s - X∂v A√mlp Ahsc Xm°oXv sNøp-Ib - m-Wv.
!4! th≠! \n›-ba - mbpw Ah≥

"lpXzax'bn¬, [[zwkn®p If-bp∂
\c-I-Øn¬] Fdn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
! 5! "lpXzax' F∂m- s e- ¥ m-
sW∂v \n\°v F¥-dnbmw?!˛
!6! A√m-lp-hns‚ Pzen-∏n-°-

s∏´ A·n-bs{X (A-Xv)!˛
!7! (F-∂p-sh-®m¬) lrZ-b-ß-
fn¬ (I-b-dn-s®-∂v) FØn-t\m-°p-
∂-Xv.
!8! \n›-bambpw, AXv Ah-cp-
sS- t a¬ AS- ® p- a q- S - s ∏- S p- ∂ - X m- b n-
cn°pw:˛
!9! \oń-bp-≠m-°s- ∏´ (h-ºn-®)
XqWp-I-fn-em-bn-s°m-≠v.
!4! th≠ \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ CS-s∏-Spw, Fdn-b-s∏Spw
"lpXzax'bn¬ !5! \n\°v F¥-dnbmw "lpXzax' F¥m-sW∂v
!6! - A-√m-lp-hn‚ A·n-bmWv IØn° (Pz-en-∏n°)-s∏´ !7!
FØn-°p∂Xmb, Ib-dn-s®-√p-∂Xmb lrZ-b-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ !8!
\n›-b-ambpw AXv Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ AS-®p-aq-S-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cn°pw !9!
Nne XqWp-I-fn-em-bn´v \oń-bp-≠m-°-s∏-´, \o≠ (h-ºn-®)
(lp-Xz-ax) F∂Xv \c-IØ - ns‚ hnti-jW
- \- m-aß
- f
- n¬ H∂m-Ip-∂p. AXn¬
CS-s∏-Sp∂ GsXmcp hkvXp-shbpw IØn®p \in-∏n-°p-amdv AXn-I-Tn-\-am-bXv F∂v
kmcw. CXns‚ Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-as{X XpS¿∂p-Im-Wp-∂-Xv. km[m-cW Adn-b-s∏-
Sp∂ A·n-b√ \c-Im-·n. A√mlp {]tXyIw Xøm-dm-°n-sh-®n-´p≈ ITn-\-I-tTm-c-
amb Hcp {]tXyI A·n-bm-W-Xv. amwk-tam, _mlym-h-b-h-ßtfm am{X-a√ B
A·n Fcn®p If-bp-∂-Xv. lrZ-b-ß-fpsS Dt≈m´v Ib-dn-s®∂v Ah-sbbpw AXv
IS-∂m-{I-an-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. am{X-a-√, hºn® s\Spw-Xq-Wp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ Ah¿ _‘n-
°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, hmXn-ep-Iƒ AS®p aqS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Aßs\, bmsXmcp
5432
Xc-Øn-ep≈ Bizm-k-Øn\pw bmsXmcp ]gpXpw In´msX \m\m-`m-K-Øq-sSbpw
Ah¿ \nXy-bm-X\ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°bpw sNøpw. F∂n-ßs\ \c-I-in-£-
bpsS Kuc-h-sØ-∏‰n A√mlp h¿Wn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CsX√mw ]c-temI kw_-
‘-amb AZr-iy-Im-cy-ß-fm-I-sIm≠v IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-c-W-ß-sfm∂pw km[y-a-√.
A√m-lp-hns‚ hnh-cW - Ø
- n¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ AXns‚ Kuchw _p≤n-bp-≈h - ¿s°√mw
a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m. A√mlp \sΩ ImØp c£n-°-s´. Bao≥.
5433
`mKw 30 π«ØdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 105 ô¬
5434
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
π«ØdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
105. kqdXp¬ ô¬

hnip≤ IAv_xsb s]mfn-®p-\o-°p-hm≥ Xøm-sd-Sp-Øp-h∂ Hcp B\-∏-´m-fsØ

A√mlp ITn-\-ambn in£n®p ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw, Izpssd-in-I-sfbpw a°m-\n-
hm-kn-I-sfbpw c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX Ncn{X {]kn-≤-amb kw`-h-amWv Cu
kqd-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]kvXpX kw`hw aptJ\ A√mlp Ah¿°v
sNbvX A\p-{K-lw, AXn-e-S-ßnb ssZhnI ZrjvSm¥w F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®v Ahsc
A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-°p-tºmƒ, B kw`-h-Øn\v
ZrIvkm-£n-I-fm-bn-cp∂ ]ecpw Ad-_n-I-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≠v. B \ne°v Cu A\p-
kva-cWw IqSp-X¬ ê-h-Øm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. Izpssd-in-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcp hºn®
kw`-h-ambn KWn-°-s∏-ń-cp∂ AXns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-fn¬ `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ImWm-
sa-¶nepw kw`-h-Øns‚ Npcp°w C{]-Im-c-amWv:˛
l_vix (A-_o-ko-\n-bm)-bnse N{I-h¿Øn-bm-bn-cp∂ \÷mio (s\-Km-io)-bpsS
Iogn¬ ba≥ `cn-®n-cp∂ A_vd-lØv F∂v t]cmb Hcp cmPm-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. N{I-
h¿Øn-bpsS {]oXn kºm-Zn-°p-hm≥ th≠n ba-\n¬ Hcp hºn® {InkvXob tZhm-
ebw Ah≥ ]Wn-Xp. P\-ßsf Atßm´v BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ Hcp D]mbw
I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. a°x-bn-te°v P\-ßƒ l÷v -I¿a-Øn\v t]mIp∂ ]Xnhv \ndp-Ø-
em°n ]Icw B tZhm-e-b-Øn-te°v Ahsc Xncn-®p-hn-S-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p ]cn-]m-
Sn. AXn¬ {]Xn-tj-[n®v Hcp Ad_n B tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ IS∂v ae-hn-k¿÷\w
\SØn hrØn-tI-Sm-°p-I-bp-≠m-sb∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. GXm-bm-epw, Izpssd-in-I-
fpsS IAv_x s]mfn®p \o°p-sa∂v i]Yw sNbvXp-sIm≠v A_vdl - Øv Hcp hºn®
tk\-bp-ambn a°xbn-te°v \oßn. hgn-as≤y H∂n-e-[nIw ÿe-Øp-sh®v Nne
Ad_n tKm{X-ßƒ Ah-cp-ambn kwL-´-\-Øn-te¿s∏-´p-sh-¶nepw AXn-se√mw
A_vd-lØpw ssk\yhpw Pbn®p apt∂dn a°xbpsS ASp-sØ-Øn. ssk\y-Øn¬
Ht∂m A[n-Itam B\bpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu tk\°v B\-∏-´mfw F∂v ]d-b-
s∏-Sp-hm≥ CXmWv Imc-Ww.
a°x-bpsS ASp-sØmcp ÿe-Øv-h∂p Xß-fpsS hc-hns‚ Dt±iyw Adn-bn-°p-
hm-\mbn A_vdlØv Izpssd-in-I-fpsS ASp-°-te°v Bf-b-®p. Xßƒ Hcp bp≤w
\SØn Iog-S-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in®p h∂-X-s√-∂pw, IAv_x s]mfn®p \o°¬ am{X-
5435
amWv hc-hns‚ Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Adn-bn-®p. Xß-fpsS Poh-s\-t∏mse _lp-am-\n-®m-
Z-cn-®p-h-cp∂ IAv_x s]mfn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Atßb‰sØ shdp∏pw hyk-\hpw Ds≠-
¶n-epw, B ssk\ysØ t\cn-Sp-hm-\p≈ sI¬t]m IcptØm Ah¿°v D≠m-bn-cp-
∂n-√. B\-∏-´m-fsØ t\cn-´p-sIm-≠p≈ bp≤hpw Ah¿°v A]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Aß-s\, B ImgvN Xßƒ ImW-cp-sX-∂pw, AXn-\m¬ t\cn-Sm-hp∂ B]Øv
Xßƒ°v ]nW-b-cp-sX∂pw IcpXn Ah¿ ÿew-hn-´p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
A∂v Izpssd-in-I-fpsS t\Xm-hpw, IAv_xbpsS ta¬t\m´w hln-°p∂ Bfpw
˜
\_n -bpsS ]nXm-a-l≥ A_vZp¬ apØz-en-_m-bn-cp-∂p. hgn-as≤y A_vd-lØv
At±-l-Øns‚ Ccp-\qdv H´-I-ßsf ]nSn-®-S°nbncp-∂p. A_vd-lØv At±-lsØ
Bf-b-®p-h-cpØn Xs‚ e£y-sØ-∏‰n kwkm-cn® Iq´-Øn¬, Xm¶ƒ°v h√Xpw
]d-bp-hm-\pt≠m F∂v At\z-jn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. A_vZp¬ apØz-en-_ns‚ adp-]Sn
CXm-bn-cp∂p: "Xm¶-fpsS Bƒ°m¿ Fs‚ H´-IsØ ]nSn-®p-sh-®n-´p-≠v. Ahsb
hn´p-Xc
- W
- w.' CXv tI´-t∏mƒ A_vdl - Øv ]cn-lm-k]
- q¿∆w Cßs\ ]d™p: "\nß-
fpsS ]q¿∆n-I≥am-cmbn _lp-am-\n-®p-h-cp∂ \nß-fpsS aX-tI{µw \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-
s\-°p-dn-s®m∂pw ]d-bp-hm-\n-√m-sX, tIhew Xm¶-fpsS HÍ-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-am{Xw
kwkm-cn® \nßƒ Hcp sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h≥X-s∂, Xm¶sf I≠-am-{X-bn¬ F\n°v
tXm∂nb aXn∏v CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ \in-®p-t]mbn!' A_vZp¬ apØz-en_v {]Xn-h-Nn®p:
"Rm\mWv H´-I-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿ≥. B aµn-c-Øn\v Hcp DS-a-ÿ-\p-≠v. AX-h≥
c£n-®p-sIm-≈pw.'
Aß-s\, apºn¬ B\-bp-ambn ssk\yw apt∂m-´p-sh-®p. IAv_xbpsS t\¿°v
Xncn-™-tXmsS B\ ap´p-IpØn aptºm´v \oßm-Xm-bn. hfsc InW™p ]cn-{i-an-
®n´pw B\ aptºm´v ASn-sh-°p-∂n-√. at‰Xv `mK-tØ°v Xncn-®mepw Atßm´v
Xncn-bp-hm≥ AXn\v XS- h - p-an-√. A√mlp Ah-cn¬ Hcp-Xcw ]£n-°q-´ß
- sf \ntbm-
Kn-®-b-®p. Hcp {]tXy-I-Xcw I√p-Iƒ Ah ssk\y-Øn-\p-aosX h¿jn-®p. CXp-hgn
ssk\yw \mam-h-ti-j-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. A√mlp Ahs‚ aµn-csØ ImØp-c-£n-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
an°-hmdpw {InkvXz_vZw 570˛ 571 emWv Cu kw`hw D≠m-b-Xv. 571 ˛mw sIm√w
G{]n¬ 2 ˛mw Xnø-Xn-bm-sW∂v Nne¿ ¢n]vX-s∏-SpØn {]kvXm-hn®n´p-ap-≠v, Cu
sIm√-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS˜ P\-\hpw D≠m-b-Xv. Ad-_n-I-fpsS
CS-bn¬ s]mXp-hn-epw, Izpssd-in-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hnti-jn®pw hfsc Kuc-h-ta-dnb
Hcp kw`-h-am-Wn-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. AXn-\m¬, ]n∂o-Sp-≠m-Ip∂ kw`-h-
ßƒ°v Ah¿ B\-°e - lw apX¬ Imew \n¿W-bn-°pI ]Xn-hm-bn-Øo¿∂p. aZo\m
lnPvdx apX¬ h¿jm-cw`w \n¿Wbn-°p∂ ]Xnhv Ckveman¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-hsc B ]Xnhv XpS¿∂p-t]m-∂p.
B\-∏-´m-fsØ \in-∏n® ]£n-∏-´mfw GXv Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah Fhn-
sS-\n-∂p-h-∂p, Ah i{Xp-°sf Fdn-bp-hm≥ sIm≠p-h∂ I√p-Iƒ GXv hn[-Øn-
ep-≈-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ssk\y-Øn¬ B I√p-Iƒ F¥v hn\-bmWv hcp-Øn-bXv
Fs∂m∂pw Xo¿Øp-]-d-bpI \ap°v km[y-a-√. ]ecpw ]e A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ {]I-Sn-
∏n-®n-´p-s≠∂v am{Xw. Hs∂m-∂mbn kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ sXfn-hp-I-fn-√. Cu A≤ymb-
Øn¬ A√mlp AXn-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn® hmIy-ß-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip∂ cq]-
5436
Øn¬˛ AXn\v bmsXmcp Zp¿hym-Jym-\hpw \¬Im-sX˛ \ap-°Xv kzoI-cn-°mw.
AXv AtX-]Sn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNømw.
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! B\-°m-sc-s°m≠v \ns‚

d∫v sNbvX-sX-ßn-s\-bm-sW∂v \o
I≠nt√?!˛
!2! Ah-cpsS X{¥w Ah≥ ]ng-

hn-em-°n-bnt√?!˛
!3! Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah≥ Iq´w-
Iq-´-ambn Hcp Xcw ]£n-Isf Ab-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp:˛
!4! Ah Ahsc (Nq-f-sh-®)
CjvSn-I-°-√p-sIm≠v Fdn-™n-cp-
∂p.
!5! Aß-s\, Ahsc Ah≥
Xn∂- s ∏´ ssht°m¬ Xpcp- º p-
t]mse B°n.
!1! \o I≠nt√ Fßs\ sNbvXp-sh∂v \ns‚ d∫v
B\-°m-sc-s°m≠v !2! Ah≥ B°n-bnt√ Ah-
cpsS X{¥w, D]mbw ]ng-hn¬, ]mgn¬, \jvS-Øn¬, hgn-tI-Sn¬ !3!
Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah≥ Ab-°bpw sNbvXp Hcp Xcw ]£n-Isf
Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn !4! Ah Ahsc Fdn-™n-cp-∂p, Fdn™pw sIm≠v
Hcp (X-cw) I√p-sIm≠v kzn÷o-en¬ (C-jvSn-I-°-√n¬˛ Nqf-°-
√n¬˛ Ifn-a-Æp-I-√n¬)-s]´ !5! Aßs\ (F-∂n-´v) Ah≥ Ahsc B°n
ssht°m¬ Xcp-ºp-t]mse Xn∂-s∏´
"B\-°m¿' ( ) F∂v ]d-™Xv IAv_x s]mfn-°p-hm≥ h∂ A_vd-

l-Øn-s\bpw ssk\y-sØ-bpw Dt±-in-®p-X-s∂. Ah-cpsS X{¥w AYhm D]mbw
( ) sIm≠p-t±-iyw, IAv_xsb \in-∏n®p P\-ß-fpsS Xo¿∞m-S\ bm{X-Iƒ
ba-\n¬ \n¿an® ]pXnb tZhm-e-b-Øn-te°v B°n-Øo¿°p-hm-\p≈ ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-
am-Ip-∂p. ssk\ysØ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp ]d-™Xv C{]-
5437
Im-c-amWv: Iq´w-Iq-´-amb Hcp Xcw ]£n-Isf A√mlp Ah-cn¬ \ntbm-Kn-®p. Ah
Ahsc Ifn-a-Æp-sIm-≠p≈ Nqf-sh® Hcp-Xcw I√p-Iƒ˛ AYhm CjvSn-I-°-√p-I-
ƒ˛ sIm≠v Fdn-™n-cp-∂p. Aß-s\, B ssk\yw, I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ Xn∂-tijw
\neØv sImgn-™p-In-S-°p∂ ssht°m¬ Xpcp-sº-t∂mWw Nn∂n-®n-Xdn \in-®p-
t]m-bn.
]£n-Is- f-tbm, I√p-Is
- ftbm kw_-‘n®v IqSp-Xs
- em∂pw hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-
a-s√∂v apI-fn¬ ]d-™p-h-t√m. F∂m¬, I√n-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn®
hm°v (kn-÷o¬) F∂m-Wv. eqØzv \_n (A)-bpsS P\-Xsb _m[n® in£
hnh-cn-°p∂ at≤y kq: lqZn¬ C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:
86 : (A-h-cn¬ \mw kn÷o-ens‚ I√v h¿jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.) Nqf-
sh® I√v F∂mWv AhnsS Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ AXn\v A¿∞w I¬]n-®n-
cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬, ]£n-Iƒ Fdn-bp-hm≥ sIm≠p-h-∂n-cp∂ I√v Ifn-a-Æp-sIm-
≠p-≈Xpw Nqf-sh-°-s∏-´-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Icp-Xm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu I√p-Iƒ
aptJ\ ssk\y-ßƒ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bm-tWm, AXp-aqew Ah¿°v a‰v h√ \mi-
ßfpw kw`-hn-°p-I-bmtWm sNbvX-sX∂v A√m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. GXm-bmepw Ah-
cpsS AXn-Zm-cp-W-amb \mi-Øn-\pw, ]cm-P-b-Øn\pw AXv Imc-W-am-sb-∂p-≈-Xn¬
kwi-b-an-√. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, CXv tIhew km[m-c-W-a-√mØ Hc-¤p-X-am-bn-cp-
∂p-sh∂pw kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p.
sIm°p-I-sf-t∏m-setbm, Fd-fm-Sn-∏-£n-I-sf-t∏m-setbm D≈ Hcp-Xcw ]£n-I-
fm-bn-cp∂p {]kvXpX ]£n-I-sf-∂pw, IS-e-a-Wn-t]m-se-tbm, ]b-dp-a-Wn-t]m-setbm
sNdp-Xm-bn-cp∂p B I√p-I-sf-∂pw, I√p-Iƒ h¿jn-®-tXm-Sp-IqSn ssk\y-ß-fn¬
Hcp-Xcw hkq-cn-tbm, at‰tXm tcmKtam ]nSn-s]-´p-sh-∂pw, Aßs\ Ah-cpsS ico-
c-ßƒ \pdpßn \in-®p-sh∂pw a‰pw Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂p. IqSm-
sX, GtXm hnj-_o-P-ßƒ hln-®n-cp∂ Hcp Xcw Cu®-I-fm-bn-cp∂p B ]£n-I-
sf-∂pw, B hnj-_o-P-ß-fmWv "I√v' sIm≠p-t±-iy-sa∂pw Nne B[p-\nI hymJym-
Xm-°fpw A`n-{]m-bs- ∏-ń-´p-≠v. Aß-s\, Cu kw`-hsØ ùXnI ho£-Wß - ƒs°m-
∏n®v hymJym-\n-°p-hm\pw Ah¿ apXn¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Izp¿-B\- ntem lZo-Yntem ImW-
s∏-Sp∂ Akm-[-mcW kw`-h-ß-fn-se√mw CXp-t]mse Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ßƒ \SØn
kzbw Xr]vXn AS-bpI C°m-eØv ]e-cp-sSbpw ]Xn-hm-W-t√m. Nne¿ AsXmcp
"]cn-jvImcw' Xs∂-bm-bn-´mWv KWn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xpw.
Nne ]pØ≥ hymJym-\-°m¿ Cu kqd-Øn\v AXn-s\-°m-sf√mw hnNn-{X-hpw,
B`m-k-I-c-hp-amb Hcp A¿∞-hym-Jym\w Cubn-sS-bmbn \¬In-°m-Wp-∂p. A√m-
lp-hnepw Izp¿-B-\nepw hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cm-fpw˛ Abmƒ°v Cu kqd-Øns‚
hm°¿∞-sa-¶nepw Adn-bm-hp-∂-]-£w˛ B A¿∞-hym-Jym-\w, A√m-lp-hns‚
t]cn¬ Ah¿ I¬]n-®p-Iqń sIń-®-a-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xm-sW∂v hn[n I¬]n-°p-hm≥
aSn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v \ap°v Dd-∏p-≠v. kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn®v Ah-cpsS hnh-c-W-Øns‚
Npcp°w CXmWv: "A_vZp¬ apØz-en_pw a°m \nhm-kn-I-fmb Izpssd-in-Ifpw
IAv_xbpsS ]cn-k-cØv ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ A_q-Jp-ss_kv ae-ap-I-fn¬ Ib-dn-bn-
cp-∂p. CXv tIhew Hcp kq{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. A_vd-lØpw ssk\yhpw ÿeØv IS-
5438
∂-tXmsS Izpssd-in-Iƒ Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn Ah¿°p-aosX hºn® ]md-°-√p-Iƒ Dcp-ń-
s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. AXp-hgn ssk\yw NX-™-c-™p-t]m-bn.' A√mlp AIv_¿! a\p-
jys‚ Nn¥m-K-Xn°v h{I-X-_m-[n-®m¬ Ah-\v, F¥p-Xs∂ ]d-™p-IqSm?!
ssk\ysØ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ A√mlp km[m-c-W-a-√mØ Hcp-Xcw ]£n-
Isf \ntbm-Kn®psh∂pw, Hcp- Xcw I√psIm≠v Ah Ahsc Fdn™p \in-∏n-®p-
sh∂pw kΩ-Xn-°p-hm≥ Ch-cpsS bp‡n°v km[n-°m-Ø-Xn¬\n-∂pw, AtX ka-
bØv A√m-lp-hns‚ {]kvXm-h\ icn-b-s√∂v Xpd-∂p-]-d-bp-hm≥ ss[cyw hcm-Ø-
Xn¬\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-Ø-XmWv Cu hnh-c-Ww. CXn\v Ah¿ \¬Ip∂ \ymbo-I-c-W-
ßƒ Cßs\ kw{K-ln°mw:˛ "[oc-X-bn-epw, IAv_xtbm-Sp≈ _lp-am-\-Ønepw
t]cv tI´-h-cmWv Izpssd-in-Iƒ. F∂n-cn-s°, Ah¿ IAv_x s]mfn-°m≥ h∂
ssk\y-tØmSv t\cn-SmsX òcpXzw Imń ae-ap-I-fn¬ Ib-dn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-
∂Xv hniz-kn-°m-h-X-√. IAv_x s]mfn-°m≥h∂ ssk\y-tØmSv Ad-_n-Iƒ [oc-
ambn t]mcm-Sn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ImWn-°p∂ ]e Ihn-X-Ifpw \nth-Z-\-ßfpw \ne-hn-
ep-≠v-Xm-\pw. ]t£, ssk\y-Øns‚ hchv l÷v -Zn-h-k-ß-fn-em-b-Xp-sIm≠v
s]s´∂v Hcp bp≤-k-∂m-l-Øn\v km[n-®n-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kq{X-⁄-\mb
A_vZp¬ap-Øz-en_v F√m-ht- cmSpw A_q-Jp-ss_-kn¬ Ib-dp-hm≥ I¬]n-®X - v. i{Xp-
°s-f Ahn-sS-\n∂v Is√-dn™p ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øm-sa∂ clkyw At±lw BZyw
Ahsc Adn-bn-°m-ØXv tIhew X{¥-am-bn-cp-∂p...'
Cu \ymbo-I-c-W-Øns‚ D≈p-I-f-fn-sb-∏‰n A¬]-sam∂v Nn¥n-°pI: (1) Ad-
_n-I-fpsS [oc-X-bpw, Ah¿°v IAv_xtbmSp≈ aXn∏pw icn-X-s∂. ]t£,
Xßƒ°v t\cn-Sm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-Æ-ap≈ i{Xp-tk-\sb t\cn´v Iq´-tØmsS Bfl-
l-Xy°v Hcp-ßp-I-sb∂ hnUvVnØw Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Icp-Xm-h-X-√.
AXn-cn-°-s´, B\-∏-´mfw a°x-bn¬ {]th-in-®n-´p-t]m-ep-an-√, {]th-i-\-am¿K-
Øn¬sh®v Xs∂ A√mlp Ahsc XS™p F∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw. B \ne°v
A_q-Jp-ss_-kns‚ apI-fn¬\n∂v ssk\y-Øn-\p-aosX ]md-°-√p-Iƒ Dcpń hn´p
F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v A¿∞-an-√-X-s∂. lpssZ-_nbm kw`hZnhkw \_n Xncp-
˜
ta\n bpsS HÍw Hcn-S-Øp-sh®v aptºm´v \S-°p-hm≥ Iq´m-°msX ap´p-Ip-Øp-I-
bp-≠m-bn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xncp-ta\n C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJmco
(d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "AXn\v Aßs\ Hcp k{º-Zmbw C√. ]t£, B\sb XS-™p-
sh-®-h≥ AXns\ XS-™p-sh-®-XmWv (π«ØdG ¢ùHÉM É¡°ùÑM øµdh ≥∏îH É¡d ∂dOÉeh) a°m-
hn-P-b-kw-`hw hnh-cn® Iq´-Øn¬ \_n ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-™-Xmbn _pJm-co-bpw
apkvenapw (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: A√mlp a°xsb kw_-‘n®v B\sb XS-™p-sh-
°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ahs‚ dkq-en\pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw AXn¬ A[n-Imcw
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.... (...ÚæeDƒŸGh ¬dƒ°SQ É¡«∏Y §∏°Sh π«ØdG áµe øY ¢ùÑM ¬q∏dG ¿G) B\-
∏-´mfw a°xbn¬ {]th-in-®n-t´-bn√ F∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-W-t√m. Izp¿-Bs‚
{]kvXm-h-\-I-sf-am-‰n-a-dn-°p-∂-h¿°v lZo-Yns\ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ H´pw {]bmkw
tXm∂p-I-bn-s√-¶nepw kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v CXv sXfn-hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.
(2) A_vd-l-Øns‚ Dt±-iyhpw IAv_x s]mfn-°p-hm-\p≈ {iahpw Adn™
Ad-_n-tKm-{X-ßƒ AXn¬ £p`n-X-cm-hp-Ibpw Nne-sc√mw hgn-as≤y Ahs\ t\cn-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn Ncn-{X-ß-fn¬ h∂n-´p-≈Xv icn-bm-Wv. ba-\nse Hcp {]am-
5439
Wn-bm-bn-cp∂ Zq\-^¿ (ôØnfhoP) Iptd Bfp-Isf tiJ-cn®p A_vd-l-Øp-ambn G‰p-
ap-´p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Zq\-^¿ _‘-\-ÿ-\m-hp-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-
b-Xv. ]n∂oSv JYvAw (º©ãN) {]tZ-i-Øp-sh®v \pss^-ep_v\p l_o_pw At±-l-
Øns‚ P\-Xbpw as‰mcp bp≤hpw \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ch¿°pw hnPbw hcn-°p-
hm≥ Ign-™n-√. \pss^¬ _‘-\-ÿ-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. XzmC^v hgn-bm-bn-
cp∂p A_vd-lØv apt∂-dn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. XzmC-^p-Im¿ G‰p-ap-´p-hm≥ Ign-hn-s√-∂p-I≠v
\b-]q¿∆w ]n≥am-dp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ta¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ kwL-´-\-ß-
fn¬ Ad-_n-Iƒ hln® ]¶pw, Ah¿ ImWn® [oc-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-amWv Ch¿ Nq≠n-
°m-ńb Nne Ihn-X-I-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CX-√m-sX, a°x-bn¬sh®v
Izpssd-in-Ifpw A_vd-l-Øns‚ ssk\yhpw XΩn¬ Hcp G‰p-ap-´¬ D≠m-b-Xmbn
bmsXmcp tcJbpw C√. AYhm a°x-bpsS ASp-Øp-sh®v h√Xpw D≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v
k¶¬]n-®m¬Xs∂ ˛h-gn-°p-sh-®p-≠mb kwL-´-\-ß-fn¬ kw`-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se˛
AXn¬ Izpssd-in-Iƒ°v sNdp-Øp-\n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bmsX Ah¿ ae-ap-If - n¬ Ibdn
A`bw {]m]n-°p-∂Xpw kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. F∂-√m-sX, A_vZp¬ apØz-en_v cl-
ky-ambn Xøm-dm-°nb Hcp Bkq-{XnX ]cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv F∂p-≈X - n\v C°q-
´-cpsS kz¥w IW-°p-Iq-é - √
- msX thsd bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-√. sXfn-hp-≈Xv t\sc
adn-®m-WvXm-\pw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ˛Nne alm≥am¿ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xp-t]m-se˛
A√mlp Ah-s‚ hnip≤ aµn-csØ A{]-Xo-£n-Xhpw Akm-[m-c-W-hp-amb Hcp
am¿K-Øn-eqsS ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ZrjvSm-¥-]q¿∆w a\p-jy¿°v Imń-s°m-
Sp-°p-hm≥th≠n A_vdl - Ø- ns‚ apt∂-‰Ø- n\v hgn-as≤y t\cn-´b
- p-≤ß
- ƒ \nanØw
`wKw-h-cp-Øm-Xn-cn-°-bmWv Ah≥ sNbvX-sX-∂s{X a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. º∏YG ¬q∏dG
(3) IAv_xbpsS sXm´-SpØv ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ Hcp ae-bmWv A_q-Jp-ss_kv
F∂v a°x kµ¿in® F√m-h¿°pw Adn-bmw. ae-bn¬\n∂v IAv_xbp-ambn G‰hpw
ASp-Øp-\n¬°p∂ `mKsØ Ncn-hn¬ sh®v Is√-dn-™m¬ IAv_xbpsS ASp-
Øp-h∂ ]´m-fsØ D]-{Z-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-t™°p-Ibpw sNømw. F∂m¬ Xs∂bpw
thsd `mK-tØ°v c£-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. AXn-cn-°-s´, GXm-
bmepw A_q-Jp-ss_-kns‚ apI-fn¬\n-∂m-I-s´, a°xsb Np‰n-\n¬°p∂ a‰v ae-
I-fpsS apI-fn¬ \n∂m-I-s´, Ch¿ ]dbpw t]mse hºn® ]md-°-√p-Iƒ Dcpń
DXn¿Øn-s°m≠v Hcp ssk\ysØ NX-®-c-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw A{X ASp-tØm,
kuI-cy-Øntem A√ B ae-Iƒ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-sX∂v B ÿew I≠v a\- n-
em-°nb B¿°pw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. l÷m-Pp_v\p bqkp-^n-s‚-bpw, A_vZp-√m-
ln_v\p kpss_¿ (d)-s‚bpw ssk\y-ßƒ XΩn¬ a°x-bn¬sh®v \S-∂-Xpw,
IAv_xbpsS ASp°-em-bn-cp∂ C_v\p-kp-ss_¿ (d)s‚ t\sc ae-ap-I-fn¬\n∂v
l÷m-Pns‚ kwL-°m¿ hºn® I√p-Iƒ DXn¿Ø-Xpw, IAv_x°v tISp-]-‰n-bXpw
Ncn-{X-{]-kn-≤-am-Wv. an≥P-\oIzv (*) F∂ Hcp b{¥w aptJ-\-bm-bn-cp∂p AsX∂v
{]kvXm-hy-as{X ChnsS Izpssd-in-Iƒ an≥P-\otIzm at‰m D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xmbn Chcpw
]d-bp-∂n-√. am{X-a-√, A°m-esØ Ad-_n-Iƒ°v an≥P-\o-Izn-s\-∏‰n ]cn-N-bhpw
(*) tIm´-Ifpw a‰pw s]mfn-°p-∂-Xn\v hºn® I√p-Iƒ Zqsc-\n∂v FbvXp-hn-

Sp-hm≥ B ImeØv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ Hcp Xcw b{¥-am-bn-cp∂p an≥P-\oIzv
≥«æéæe
≥«æéæe). C∂sØ ]oc-¶n-I-fpsS ÿm\-Øm-bn-cp∂p A∂v AXv.
(≥«æéæe
5440
D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXv ]n∂o-Sm-W-h¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xpw.
(4) CXn-s\√mw ]pdsa kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn®v C°q-´-cpsS ka¿∞\-hpw, Cu kqd-
Øn\v Ch¿ \¬Ip∂ hymJym- \ hpw A\p- k - c n®v "Iq´w- I q- ´ - a mb ]£n- I ƒ
( ) F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w "Iq´w Iq´-amb a\p-jy¿' F∂m-
bn-cn-°-W-a-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂ "Nqf-°√v' AYhm "Ifn-a-Æp-sIm-≠p-≠m-°-
s∏´ CjvSn-I-°√v ( )' F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w "hºn® ]md-°√v' F∂pw,
Ahsc I√p-sIm≠v Fdn-™n-cp∂p ( )' F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w "Ah-
cpsS aosX I√p-cp-ń-bn-cp∂p'sh∂pw B°n amt‰-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CsX√mw icn-sh-
°p-hm≥ hnti-j-_p-≤n-bp≈ B¿°mWv Ign-bp-I˛ Ch¿°-√msX?!
(5) CXn-s\-°mƒ _men-i-amb as‰m-cp-Imcyw! (Ah Ah-sc˛
AYhm B ]£n-Iƒ B B\-∏-´m-fsØ Fdn-™n-cn-°p-∂p) F∂v A√mlp ]d-
™p-h-t√m. CXnse »peôr Jn (X¿ao) F∂ {Inbm-cq]w H‰-s°-Sp-°p-tºmƒ ˛A-Xns‚
apºpw ]nºpw Ku\n-°m-Ø-]£w AXn\v "\o Fdn-™n-cp∂p' F∂pw A¿∞w
I¬]n-°mw. Cu A¿∞-amWv ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa-∂s{X Cu hymJym-\-°m¿ ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]£n-I-fpsS Gdv Hgn-hm-°m-a-t√m. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ "\o' F∂v
GI-h-N-\-am-°n-bXv F¥p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-]-£w, AXn\v Ah-cpsS
adp-]Sn C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "ChnsS "\o' F∂v GI-h-N-\-am-sW-¶nepw AXpsIm≠v
"\nßƒ' F∂v _lp-h-N-\-amWv Dt±-iyw.' CsXm∂pw \mw Duln®v ]d-bp-∂-X-√.
C°q-´-cpsS kz¥w IrXn-I-fn¬\n∂v \mw Npcp°n D≤-cn-°p-∂-XmWv. Ah t\cn¬
ImWp-hm≥ km[n-®-h¿°pw CXpw CXn-s\-°mƒ hºn-®-Xp-amb ]e hj-f-Ø-c-
ßfpw Ah-bn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F\n, h√-hcpw Ah-tcmSv Bsc-°p-dn®v ChnsS
"\nßƒ' F∂v ]d-™-sX∂v tNmZn-®m¬ Hcp-]t£ Ah¿ adp-]Sn ]d-t™°pw:
"\nßƒ' F∂m¬ "Ah¿' F∂pw, "Ah¿' F∂m¬ Izpssd-in-Iƒ F∂p-amWv Dt±-
iy-sa-∂v. A¤pXw! e÷-bn-s√-¶n¬ tXm∂n-bXv sNøm-a-t√m. (âÄ°TÉe ™æ°UÉa »ëà°ùJ ⁄GPG)
IqSp-X¬ Zo¿Ln-∏n-t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an√. C{Xbpw {]kvXm-hn-®X - n¬\n-∂p-Xs∂
ùXn-IX - n-ancw Xo≠m-Øh - ¿°v kXyw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂X - m-Wv. Bsc¥v
Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ß-tfm, bp‡n-\ym-b-ßtfm ka¿∏n-®mepw icn, A√mlphpw Ahs‚
dkqepw kv]jvS-amb `mj-bn¬ {]kvXm-hn® GsXmcp Imcy-hpw, AtX-]Sn kzoI-
cn-°p-I-bpw, bp‡nbpw imkv{Xhpw AtXmSv Atßm´v tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-
I-bp-a-√m-sX, \ΩpsS Bi-b-Øn\pw Xm¬]-cy-Øn\pw H∏n®v Izp¿-Bs\ hymJym-
\n-°p-hm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Nne Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n km[m-c-W-
kw-`-h-ßsf∂pw, a‰v Nne-Xn-s\-∏‰n Akm-[m-cW kw`-h-ß-sf∂pw \mw ]d-bp-
∂p. Nne Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n Ah {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-ß-fm-sW-∂pw, a‰v Nne-Xn-s\-∏‰n Ah
{]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-Øn-\-Xo-X-am-sW∂pw hn[n I¬]n-°p-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu Xcw
Xncn-°-en-ep≈ am\-ZWvUw \ΩpsS ]Xnhpw ]cn-N-bhpw am{X-am-Wv. As√-¶n¬˛
a¿lpw kønZv IzpXzv_v Cu kqd-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]mse
˛kqcy≥ Zn\w-{]Xn Ing-°p-\n∂v DZn®v I≠v ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠pw, Ipń-Iƒ P\n-
°p-∂Xv \nXy-]-Xn-hm-b-Xp-sIm≠pw Ah-sb√mw km[m-cW kw`-h-ß-fmbn \mw
KWn-°p-∂p-sh-t∂-bp-≈q. a\p-jys‚ Ign-hns\ At]-£n-®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ, Ah
5441
Hmtcm∂pw Akm-[m-c-Whpw Aam-\p-jn-I-hp-amb kw`-h-ß-f-√msX as‰-¥mWv?!
bmYm¿∞y-ßsf bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmbn a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ XuôIzpw lnZm-bØpw
A√mlp \ap-s°√mw {]Zm\w sNø-s´. Bao≥.
!áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG!
5442
`mKw 30 ¢ûjôb IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 106 Izpssdiv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¢ûjôb IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
106. kqdXp Izpssdiv

a°-xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xvv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 4
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! Izpssd-in-Iƒ°v CW-°-ap-
≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xn-\m¬,˛
!2! AXm-bX - v, ssiXy-Im-es- Ø-
bpw, Djv W - I m- e - s Øbpw bm{X
Ah¿°v CW-°n-s°m-Sp-ØXv;˛
! 3! AXn- \ m¬, Ah¿ Cu
hońs‚ d∫ns\ Bcm-[n-®p-sIm-
≈s´;˛
!4! (A-sX) Ah¿°v hni-∏n\v
`£Ww \¬Ip-Ibpw Ah¿°v `b-
Øn\v kam- [ m\w \¬Ip- I bpw
sNbvX-hs\ (B-cm-[n-®p-sIm-≈-
s´).
!1! CW°n (]-cn-Nb
- s
- ∏-Sp-Øn)-bX
- n-\m¬ Izpssd-in-Isf !2!
AXm-bXv Ahsc CW-°n-bXv bm{X, bm{X°v ssiXy-Im-esØ
DjvW-Im-e-sØbpw !3! AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ Bcm-[n-°s´ Cu
hońs‚ (a-µn-c-Øn-s‚) d∫ns\ !4! Ah¿°v `£Ww \¬In-b-h-\mb
hni-∏n-\v, ]ń-Wn-bn¬\n∂v Ah¿°v A`bw (k-am-[m-\w) \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNbvX `b-Øn-\v, t]Sn-bn¬ \n∂v
5443
`mKw 30 ¢ûjôb IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 106 Izpssdiv
"Izpssdiv' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw, Izpssd-in-Isf kw_-‘n®v am{Xw
{]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-amb Hcp A≤ym-b-am-Wn-Xv. CXp-aqew Izpssd-in-I-fpsS
t]cpw Io¿Ønbpw temIm-h-km-\w-hsc `qap-JØv Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
hnip≤ IAv_xbpsS ip{iq-jIcpw `c-Wm-[n-]-cp-sa-∂-\n-e°v Ah¿°v Ad-_n-
Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ henb {]i-kvXn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. ]t£, Pohn-X-am¿K-ß-fn¬
an°-hmdpw Ah¿°v A\y-\m-Sp-Isf B{i-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. CuØ-∏gw apX-emb
Nne ê-h¿Kß-f-√m-sX, km[m-cW Irjn hn`-h-ß-sfm∂pw AhnsS C√m-bn-cp-
∂p. Cu t]mcmbva \nI-Øp-hm≥ DjvW-Im-eØv iman-te°v (kn-cn-bm-bn-te-°v)
hS-t°m-´pw, ssiXy-Im-eØv ba-\n-te°v sXt°m´pw bm{X-sN-øp-∂Xv hfsc hnj-
a-I-c-am-b-Xp-sIm≠mWv Aßs\ Imehpw Zn°pw \n¿W-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Atd-_ym-
cmPyw aW-em-c-Wy-ß-fpw, hc≠ ae-{º-tZ-i-ßfpw \nd-™-Xm-I-sIm≠v XWp-∏p-
Im-eØv XWp-∏pw, NqSp-Im-eØv NqSpw Ak-ly-am-bn-cn-°pw. kwLw tN¿∂pw
BtLm-j-]q¿h-hp-am-bn-cp∂p {]kvXpX bm{X-Iƒ. \mń¬ Cd-°p-a-Xn-sN-øepw Cu
I®-h-S-kw-L-ßƒ aptJ-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hmtcm bm{Xbpw H∂p-c≠v amk-tØmfw ]nSn-
°pw. ]e-t∏mgpw hgn-as≤y ]e A\njvS kw`-h-ßfpw kwL-´-\-ßfpw Ah¿°v
t\cn-tS-≠-nbpw ht∂°pw. AXn-\p≈ ap≥I-cp-X-tem-sS-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw bm{Xm-
kw-L-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw.
Cu bm{X-Iƒ°v th≠p∂ kuI-cy-ßfpw ]cn-N-bhpw \¬In-bXv aptJ\
A√mlp Izpssd-in-Isf hni-∏n¬ \n∂v c£n-°p-I-bpw, Ah¿°v Blm-c-am¿Kw
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah¿°v Ad-_n-I-fn-ep≠mbn-cp∂ {]tXy-I -ÿm-\-am-\-ßƒ
\nanØw a‰p-≈-hsc At]-£n®v Ah-cpsS bm{Xm-kw-L-ßƒ Gsd-°psd kpc-
£n-X-ß-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. IqSm-sX, IAv_xbpsS ASpØ ÿe-ß-fn¬sh®v A{I-
ahpw kwL-´-\hpw \S-°p-∂Xv hºn® Hcp ]mX-I-ambn F√m-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-®p-h-
∂n-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kz¥w \mńepw Ah¿°v kam-[m-\-ambn Pohn-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Cß-s\-bp≈ A\p-{K-lß - s- fbmWv A√mlp Ahsc A\p-kvac
- n-∏n-°p-∂X
- v. Izpssd-
in-Iƒ°v kn≤n® tbmKy-X-I-fpw, Io¿Ønbpw, kzm[o-\hpw F√mw-Xs∂ kn≤n-
°p-hm≥ ImcWw Ah¿ IAv_xbpsS kwc-£-I-cpw, Ab¬hm-kn-Ifpw Bb-Xm-
W-t√m. At∏mƒ, F√m-\n-e°pw Ah¿ B hnip≤ aµn-c-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿ-\mb
A√m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-hm-\pw, Ah-s\-b-√msX as‰m-∂n-s\bpw Bcm-[n-°m-Xn-
cn-°p-hm\pw _m[y-ÿ-cm-Ip-∂p. Cu _m[yX Ah¿ \nd-th-‰n-s°m-≈s´ F∂v
Ahsc A√mlp D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.
5444
`mKw 30 ¿ƒYÉŸG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 107 amDu≥
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"!
!"
¿ƒYÉŸG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
107. kqdXp¬ amDu≥

a°-xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xvv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 7
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! aXsØ hymP-am-°p-∂-hs\
\o I≠pthm?˛
! 2! A\m- Y - ° p- ´ nsb X≈n-
hnSp∂-h-\s{X AXv.
!3! ]mh-s∏-´-hs‚ `£-W-sØ-
∏‰n Ah≥ t{]m¬km-l\w \¬Ip-
I-bp-an-√,
!4! F∂m¬, \a-kvIm-c-°m¿°v
\miw!˛
!5! AXm-b-Xv, Xß-fpsS \a-
kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v A{i-≤-bp-≈-
h¿°v,˛
!6! (A-sX) bmsXmcp Iq´¿;
Ah¿ (a-‰p-≈-h-sc) ImWn-°p-hm-
\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂p;
!7! ]tcm-]-Im-c-h-kvXp(-°-sf)
Ah¿ apS°w sNbvIbpw sNøpw.
[Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿°mWv \miw]
5445
!1! \o I≠pthm hymP-am-°p-∂h
- s\ aX-sØ, {]Xn-^-
- S- nsb !2!
e-\S- ] bmsXm-cp-h\
- s{X AXv X≈n-hn-Sp-∂p, ]nSn®p X≈p-
∂, Xpc-Øn-hn-Sp∂ - p-ńsb !3!
A\m-YI Ah≥ t{]m’m-l\w \¬I-
bp-an√ `£-WØ
- ns‚ ta¬ - s‚ !4!
km[p-hn-s‚, ]mh-s∏-´h
F∂m¬ \miw, IjvSw \a-kvIm-c°
- m¿°mWv, \a-kvIc
- n-°p-∂h
- ¿°s{X
!5! AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-h¿ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS \a-kvIm-cs
- Ø-°p-
dn®v A{i-≤c
- m-W,v hnkvac
- n-®h - mWv !6!
- c AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-h¿
Ah¿ ImWn-°p-hm-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂p !7! Ah¿ apS-°p-Ibpw sNøpw
]tcm-]I
- m-ch
- k
- vXpsh (sN-dp-InS hkvXp-°s
- f)
aX-kn-≤m¥ßƒ, ]c-tem-IP - o-hn-Xw, I¿a-ßƒ°p≈ {]Xn-êw BZn-bmb Imcy-

ßsf hymP-am-°p∂ aX-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-sS-bpw, I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw Nne e£-
W-ßƒ Cu kqd-Øn¬ A√mlp hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm∂pw hfsc {i≤m¿l-
amb Imcy-ßfpw \nXy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ kq£n-°-s∏-tS-≠-h-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
(1) A\m-Y-Ip-ń-I-tfmSv \n¿±-b-ambpw ]cp-j-ambpw s]cp-am-dp-I.
(2) ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v `£Ww \¬Ip∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ t{]m¬km-l\w \¬Im-
Xn-cn-°p-I. Cu c≠v Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Izp¿-B≥ ]e-t∏mgpw i‡n-bmb `mj-
bn¬ DW¿Øm-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. Ign™ Nne kqd-Øp-I-fn¬sh®v CXv kw_-‘n®v
Nne-sX√mw \mw hmbn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. A\m-Y-°p-ń-Isf ]pdw-X-≈p-
∂Xpw km[p-°ƒ°v `£Ww \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ t{]m’m-l\w \¬Im-Xn-cn-°epw aX-
\n-tj-[-Øns‚ e£-W-am-bn-´mWv A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CtXm¿°p-
tºmƒ, A\m-Y-Isf BZ-cn-°p-I-bpw, Ah-cpsS \∑-°p-th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xn-s‚bpw, km[p-°-fpsS hni∏pw ]ń-Wnbpw Xo¿°p-Ibpw B hnj-b-
Øn¬ tkh\w A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - n-s‚bpw, _m[yX apkvenwIsf kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw F{X-ta¬ hºn-®-Xm-sW∂v Duln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
(3) \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v {i≤-bn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I. "\a-kvIm-c-°m¿°mWv \miw'
F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠mWv C°mcyw A√mlp DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ \nb-
a-]-c-amb \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw F∂n´v AXn-s\-°p-dn®v A{i-
≤-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ I]-S≥am-sc-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu {]kvXm-h\ F∂v AXn¬\n∂v
a\- n-em-°mw. Ah-sc-∏‰n (A-h¿ a‰p-≈-hsc ImWn-°p-hm-\mbn sNøpw)
F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. {]Xy-£-Øn¬Xs∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb
Bfp-Iƒ°v a‰p-≈-hsc ImWn-°p-hm-\mbn \a-kvImcw \n¿h-ln-t°-≠p∂ Bh-
iy-an-√t- √m. A{i≤ ]e hn[-Ønepw Bhmw. ]mtS Dt]-£n-°p-I, Nne-t∏mƒ am{Xw
\a-kvI-cn-°p-I, a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn-em-Ip-tºmƒ am{Xw \a-kvI-cn-°p-I, ka-b--
\njvT ]men-°m-Xn-cn-°pI, \a-kvIc - n-°p-tºmƒ AXnse Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ LS-Iß- fpw
\n_-‘-\-Ifpw Ku\n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, A\y-Nn-¥-I-fn¬ apgp-In-s°m≠v _mly-cq]w
am{Xw Ign-®p-Iq-´p-I, \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \mhv sIm≠v sNm√p∂ ZnIv¿˛ ZpB˛ Izp¿-
B≥ apX-em-b-h-bpsS kmcw Hm¿°m-sXbpw Adn-bm-sXbpw tIhew Hcp NS-ßmbn
5446
am{Xw \nd-th-‰pI F∂n-h-sb-√mw-X-s∂˛ Camw C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-
t]m-se˛ \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ A{i≤bpsS C\-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. Ch-bn¬
Hmtcm∂pw {]tXyIw t\m°p-tºmƒ NneXv Nne-Xn-s\-°mƒ Kuchw IqSn-btXm
Ipd-™tXm Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. F∂m¬, Cu tZmj-ßƒ apgp-h-\ptam
GXm-\ptam Hcm-fn¬ ktΩ-fn-°p-∂-]-£w, B \a-kvIm-c-°m-c≥ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-
fpsS C\-Øn¬ s]´-h-\m-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ¬∏dG PÉ©e
I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS e£-W-ßƒ ]d-bp∂ Iq´-Øn¬, aSn-b≥amcm-bn-s°m-≠-
√msX Ah¿ \a-kvImcw \n¿∆-ln-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Ah¿ A√m-
lp-hns\ A¬]-a-√msX Hm¿an-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, AXr-]vXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-√msX Ah¿
[\w Nne-h-gn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw A√mlp thsd ÿe-ß-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈Xpw
ChnsS kvac-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p. (kq: \nkm-Dv 142; kq: Xu_x 54.)
\_n ˜ Hcn-°¬ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: "AXv I]-S-hn-izm-kn-bpsS \a-kvIm-c-amWv!
AXv I]-Sh - n-izm-kn-bpsS \a-kvIm-ca - mWv! AXv I]-Sh - n-izm-kn-bpsS \a-kvIm-ca - mWv!
AXm-bXv: Ah≥ kqcy-s\-t\m-°n- ImØpsIm≠ncn-°pw. Aß-s\, AXv ]nim-
Nns‚ c≠p-sIm-ºp-Iƒ°n-S-bn-em-bn-Øo-cp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Fgp-t∂¬°pw. F∂n´v
Hcp \mep-h´w sImØpw. AXn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ A¬]-am-{X-a-√msX Ah≥ Hm¿an-
°p-I-bp-an-√.' (_p. ap.) kqcy≥ ]nim-Nns‚ c≠p-sIm-ºp-Iƒ°nS-bn¬ BIpI F∂v
]d-™X - ns‚ Xm¬]cyw AkvXa - n-°p-hm≥ t]mIpI F∂-s{X. AkvXa - \
- t- h-fb
- nepw
DZ-bt- h-fb
- nepw Nne aX-°m¿ kqcys\ Bcm-[n-°m-dp≈Xns\ kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv
Xncp-ta\n Aßs\ {]kvXm-hn-®X - v. At∏mƒ, I]-Sh - n-izm-kn-bpsS \a-kvImcw kabw
sX‰n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xn\v ]pd-sa, AXv kqcym-cm-[-I-cpsS Bcm-[-\-bp-ambn
kmZr-iy-ap-≈-XmbnØocp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \mev sImØp-sImØpw F∂v ]d-™-
Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyw, Bh-iy-amb \nb-a-ßfpw acym-Z-Ifpw Ku\n-°m-sX-bpw, \a-kvIm-
c-Øns‚ ImX-emb hiw˛ A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kvac-W˛ ]men-°m-sXbpw
tImgn sImØpw-t]mse thK-Øn¬ Hcp \mev dIvA - Øv IpºnSpw F∂-s{X. "Akzv¿'
\a-kvIm-cs - Ø-bmWv \_n ˜ ChnsS DZm-lc - n-®X
- v. a‰v \a-kvIm-cß - f- psS ÿnXnbpw
CXn¬\n∂v Duln-°m-a-t√m.
4 ˛masØ e£-Ww, Ab¬hm-kn-Iƒ km[m-cW At\ym\yw ]tcm-]-Im-c-Øn\v
hn´p-sIm-Sp-°m-dp≈ sNdp-Xcw D]-I-c-W-ßsf XS-bp-I˛ AYhm Ah a‰p-≈-h¿°v
D]-tbm-K-Øn\v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I˛ F∂p≈XmIp-∂p. (am-Du≥)
F∂mWv A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn® hm°v. Gsd-°psd hyXy-kvX-amb hmN-I-ß-fn-em-
sW-¶n-epw, B hm°n\v ]e alm≥amcpw \¬In-bn-´p≈ \n¿h-N-\-ß-fpsS kmc-
amWv \mw taep-≤-cn-®-Xv. At\ym\yw D]-tbm-K-Øn-\p-th≠n hmbv] F∂ \ne°v
P\-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw hn´psIm-Sp-°m-dp≈ IpSp-°, sIm´-t°m-cn, agp apX-emb AXym-
˜
hiy hkvXp-°ƒ°mWv dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ImeØv Rßƒ "amDu≥' F∂v
]d-™n-cp∂-sX∂v C_v\p-a-kv-DuZv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn ]e am¿K-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw
\nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. "amDu-\n¬' {][m-\-am-bXv k°m-Øpw, AXn¬
G‰hpw XmW ]Sn-bn-ep-≈Xv Xcn-∏, sIm´-t°m-cn, kqNn F∂n-hbpw BIp-∂p-sh∂v
CIv c nax (`°VQ - áeôµY) {]kv X m- h n- ® - X mbpw \nth- Z \w sNø- s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
"amDu\n's\∏‰n ]e-cp-sSbpw hmN-I-ßƒ D≤-cn-®-tijw C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) C{]-
5447
Imcw ]d-bp∂p: "CIvcnax (d) Cu ]d-™Xv \∂m-bn-´p-≠v. taep-≤c
- n® F√m {]kvXm-
h-\-Ifpw AXn-e-S-ßp-∂p. Ah-sb√mw sNs∂-Øp-∂Xv Htc Hcp hkvXp-X-bn-te-
°m-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, [\w-sIm-t≠m, D]-tbm-Kw-sImt≠m klm-b-k-l-I-cWw sNøm-
Xn-cn-°pI F∂s{X AXv.
Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-\p≈ {][m\ Bcm-[-\-bmb \a-kvIm-
cw-t]mepw \∂mbn \n¿h-ln-°m-Ø-h-cpw, \jvSw _m[n-°m-Ø-hn-[-Øn-se-¶nepw
\ntXym-]t- bm-Kh - k- vXp-°s
- f-s°m≠v P\-ßƒ°v klm-bk - l- I
- c
- Ww sNøm≥ Xøm-
dn-√m-Ø-h-cp-am-bn-cn°pw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ F∂v kmcw. A√m-lp-hn\v sNtø-≠p∂
a‰p≈ Bcm-[-\-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn-epw, P\-ßƒ°v \¬tI-≠p∂ k°mØv apX-
emb Zm\-[¿a-ß-fnepw Ah-cpsS \ne IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ timN-\o-b-am-bn-cn-°p-
sa∂v hy‡-am-Wv. Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ h√-t∏m-gp-sams° henb Bcm-[-I≥am-cmbn
Na-t™-°mw. As√-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw \√ hnj-b-Øn¬ "h≥Xp-I-'Iƒ kw`m-h\
\¬In "DZm-c-aXn'Ifmbn {]Xy-£-s∏-s´∂pw ht∂-°mw. ]t£, Bflm¿∞-Xbpw
\njvIf - ¶
- X
- b
- p-a√
- , t]cpw Io¿Øn-bp-am-bn-cn°pw Ah-cpsS e£yw. Nne-t∏mƒ GsX-
¶nepw kzm¿∞w t\Sp-hm-\p≈ am¿K-am-bnt´m GsX-¶nepw \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hg-
ßntbm Bbn-cn°mw AXv. Cß-s\-bp≈ I¿a-ß-sfm∂pw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ hne-
t∏m-Ip-I-bn-s√∂v kv]jvS-am-Wv.
Xs‚ sIm´-t°m-cn-sIm≠v A¬]w sh≈w tImcp-hm≥, Xs‚ t]\-sIm≠v Fs¥-
¶n-ep-sam∂v Fgp-Xp-hm≥, Xs‚ a¨sh-ń-sIm≠v Ipd®v kabw aÆp-sIm-Øp-hm≥,
Xs‚ ]d-ºn¬IqSn h√ Npa-Spw-sIm≠v \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-hm≥, ÿew Hgn-hm-bn-s°m≠v
t]mIp∂ Xs‚ hml-\-Øn¬ Im¬\-S-t]m-Ip∂ £oWn® Hcp ktlm-Z-c\v A¬]-
t\cw Ib-dn-bn-cn-°p-hm≥, s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fnepw s]mXp-hm-l-\-ß-fnepw tei-sam∂v
\oßn-s°m-SpØv as‰m-cmƒ°v Ccn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥
F∂n-ßn-s\-bp≈ \n m-c-Im-cy-ß-fn¬t]mepw k≥a-\- p-Im-Wn-°mØ ]e-scbpw
[mcmfw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]ń-Wn-sImt≠m alm-tcmKw apX-em-b-h-sImt≠m KXn-
apń IjvS-s∏´p klm-b-Øn\v bmNn-®p-h-cp-∂-hsc \n¿±bw Bń-°-f-bp-∂-hcpw
Zp¿√-`-a-√. AtX kabw AØcw hy‡n-I-fn¬s∏´ Nne¿t]mepw km[p-kw-c-£-
W-Øn\pw AKXn ip{iq-j-Iƒ°pw th≠n-bp≈ ÿm]-\-ßƒt°m at‰m h≥Xp-
I-Iƒ kw`m-h\ sNøp-Ibpw sNbvtX°pw! CØcw "hºn® HuZmcy'ßƒ A√m-
lp-hns‚ {]oXntbm {]Xn-^-etam D∂w-sh-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-hm≥ Xc-an-√. A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈ {]Xn-êw {]Xo-£n-°p-hm≥ AXn¬ hI-bp-an-√. Imc-Ww,
AXn¬ Ah¿°v Dt±-iy-ip-≤n-bn-s√-∂mWv Ah-cpsS a‰v sNbvXn-Iƒ sXfn-bn-°p-
∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ t\m´w lrZ-b-Øn-te-°m-W-t√m. bYm¿∞-amb tkh-\-X¬]-
c-X-bpw, DZm-c-a-\-kvI-Xbpw D≈-h¿ kµ¿`-Øn-\pw, Ign-hn\pw A\p-k-cn®v In´p∂
Ah-kcw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hep-∏-sN-dp-∏tam cl-ky-]-c-
ky-tam, aplq¿Ø-hy-Xym-ktam t\mt°-≠-Xn√; t\m°p-∂-Xp-a-√. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
!áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh ≈°Vôjh Öëj ÉŸ ≥«aƒàdG ¬q∏dG øeh!
5448
`mKw 30 ôKƒµdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 108 IuY¿
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ôKƒµdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
108. kqdXp¬ IuY¿

a°x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xvv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 3
Øn¬.
!1! \n›-b-ambpw \mw \n\°v
[mcmfw (\-∑-Iƒ) \¬In-bn-cn-°p-
∂p.
!2! BI-bm¬, \ns‚ d∫n\v \o
\a-kvIc
- n-°p-Ibpw (_-en) Adp-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-I.
! 3! \n›- b - a mbpw, \nt∂mSv
hntZzjw sh°p-∂h - ≥ Xs∂-bmWv
hme-‰-h≥ [`mhn-bn-√m-Ø-h≥].
!1! \n›-b-ambpw \mw \n\°v \¬In, X∂p [mcm-f-am-b-
Xv, hfsc \∑, IuY¿' !2! BI-bm¬ \o \a-kvI-cn-°pI \ns‚ d∫n\v
Adp-°p-Ibpw (ar-K-_en sImSp-°p-I-bpw) sNøpI !3! \n›-b-
ambpw \nt∂mSv Cu¿jyX (]-I˛ hntZz-jw) ImWn-°p-∂-h≥ Ah≥ Xs∂
(hm-ev) A‰-h≥, apdn-™p-t]m-b-h≥ (`mhn \jvS-s∏-´-h≥)
(Iu-Y¿) F∂m¬ "[mcm-f-ap-≈Xv', [mcm-f-amb \∑, henb [¿an-jvS≥'

Fs∂ms° A¿∞-am-Ip-∂p. C_v\p A∫m-kv, CIvcn-ax, kCu-Zp-_v\p Ppss_¿,
apPm-ln-Zv, lk≥ _kzco (d) apX-emb ]ecpw Òpãµn dG ÒnÿG ([m-cm-f-amb \∑) F∂mWv
ChnsS A¿∞w I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cl-Øn¬sh®pw ]c-Øn¬sh®pw \_n °v ˜
A√mlp sNbvXp-sIm-SpØ A\p-{K-l-ßƒ [mcm-f-°-W-°n-ep-s≠∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-
5449
˜
√-t√m. kz¿K-Øn¬ A√mlp \_n Xncp-ta\n °v \¬Ip∂ "luZzp¬ IuY¿'
(ônKrƒnµdG o¢Vrƒn◊G) F∂ Acphn ˛As√-¶n¬ XSm-Iw˛ BWv AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-iy-sa∂pw
]e alm≥amcpw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se,
˜
CXpw CX-√m-ØXpw AS°w A√mlp \_n °v \¬Inb F√m A\p-{K-l-ßfpw
B hm°n¬ AS-ßp-∂p-sh∂v sh°p-∂-Xn-\mWv IqSp-X¬ HuNnXyw ImWp-∂-Xv.
B IW-°‰ A\p-{K-l-ß-fn¬ {][m-\-amb H∂mWv "luZzp¬ IuY¿' F∂p-≈-
Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
BCix (d)tbmSv (\n-\°v \mw "IuY¿' \¬In-bn-cn-°p-
∂p) F∂ hN-\-sØ-∏‰n tNmZn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ, "AXv \nß-fpsS \_n°v (kz¿K-
Øn¬) \¬I-s∏-ń-´p≈ Acp-hn-bmWv' F∂ adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xmbn Camw-_p-Jmco
˜
(d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. dkq¬ ]d-™-Xmbn C_v\p Da¿ (d) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:
"Fs‚ "luZzv' Hcp amksØ hgn AI-e-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ `mK-ßƒ ka-am-Wv,
(k-a-N-Xp-c-Øn-em-Wv.) AXnse sh≈w ]men-s\-°mƒ sh≈-bm-b-Xpw, AXns‚
hmk\ IkvXq-cn-sb-°mƒ \√-Xpw, AXnse IqP (]m-\-]m-{Xw)Iƒ BIm-isØ
\£-{X-ßƒ IW-s°-bp-f-f-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. AXn¬\n∂v Bsc-¶nepw IpSn-°p-∂-]£w
Ah\v Hcp ImeØpw Zmlw D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√.' (_p; ap.) thsdbpw lZo-Yp-Iƒ
"luZzp¬ IuYdn's\ kw_-‘n®v h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ÿe-ssZ¿Lyw `b∂p IqSp-
˜
X¬ D≤-cn-°p-∂n-√. \_n °v tijw aX-Øn¬ A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ D≠m-°n-Øo¿Ø-
h¿°v AXn¬\n∂v IpSn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-X-s√∂v _pJm-cn (d) D≤-cn® thsd
Hcp lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-´p-≈Xv ChnsS {]tXyIw {]kvXm-hy-am-Ip-∂p.
a‰p≈ {]hm-N-I≥am¿°v e`n-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v ]pdsa \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n °v {]tXy-Ia - mbn Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw A√mlp \¬In-bn-´p≈ A\p-
{K-l-ßƒ \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v AXn\v \µn-bmbn \a-kvIm-c-I¿ahpw, _en-
I¿ahpw \n¿∆-ln-°-W-sa∂v Cu kqdØv aptJ\ A√mlp Xncp-ta-\n°v D]-tZiw
\¬Ip-∂p. Cu D]-tZiw \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ th≠pw hÆw kzoI-cn-®p-h-∂n-´p-≠v
Xm-\pw. cm{Xn-bn¬ A[nIw kabw \n∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-aqew Ahn-SpsØ
Imen¬ \ocp-sI-ń-t∏m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ ]m]-ßƒ A√mlp s]mdp-Øp-X-
∂n-cns° C{X-tØmfw hnj-an-°p-∂Xv F¥n-\m-sW∂v BCix (d) tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ
"Rm≥ Hcp \µn-bp≈ ASna BtI-≠-Xt√?!' F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ahn-Sp∂v adp-]Sn ]d-
™-Xv. \a-kvImcw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ AXoh Xm¬]cyw
{]kn-≤-am-Wv. arK-_en \S-Øp∂ Imcy-Ønepw Xncp-ta\n ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ Xs∂-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. henb s]cp-∂mfnepw, l÷n-s‚bpw DwdxbpsSbpw Ah-km-\-Ønepw
[mcmfw _en-I¿aw \S-ØpI AhnSpsØ ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n °v Ahn-SpsØ {]t_m-[\ kwcw-`-Øn¬\n∂v ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-
°p-hm≥ Xßƒ {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ F√m AS-hp-Ifpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ £p`n-X-
cmb i{Xp-°ƒ Xncp-ta-\n-sb-°p-dn®v ]eXpw ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. A°q-´-Øn¬,
"apl-ΩZv A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX ac-W-a-S-bpw, AtXmsS Cu ]pØ≥ {]ÿm-\hpw
\in-®p-sIm-≈pw, Ah\v Bä-°ƒ Pohn-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ {]mXn-
\n[yw Gs‰-Sp-°p-hm≥ Bfp-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√, BI-bm¬ Ah\v ChnsS `mhn-bn√'
Fs∂m-s°-∏-d™v Ah¿ IrXm¿∞X AS-bpw. Ch-sc-°p-dn-®mWv Ah-km-\sØ
5450
kq‡-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂X - v. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv t\sc-
˜
a-dn-®m-Wv, \_n -tbmSv hntZz-jhpw ]Ibpw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp∂ A°q-´-cmWv hme-
‰-°m¿, Ah¿°mWv ]n¥p-S¿®-bn-√m-Ø-Xv, Ah-cpsS t]cpw {]i-kvXn-bp-amWv \in-
˜
°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. \_n -bpsS ]n¥p-S¿®bpw kvac-Wbpw {]i-kvXn-bp-sa√mw
Xs∂ temIm-h-km\w hsc \ne-\n¬°m-Xn-cn-°-bn√ Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Ah-km-
\sØ hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. kw`-hn-®Xpw Aß-s\-Ø-s∂. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
5451
`mKw 30 ¿hôØµdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 109 Im^n-dq≥
5452
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¿hôØµdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
109.kqdXp¬ Im-^n-dq≥
a°x-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xvv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 6
Cu kqd-Øpw, kqd-Øp¬ "CJvemkzpw' IAv_xsb "Xzhm^v' ({]-Z-£n-Ww)

sNbvXp-I-gn-™-ti-j-ap≈ kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \_n ˜
HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂-Xmbn Pm_n¿ (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xm-bpw, kzp_vlv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºp≈
kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-cØ - n¬ Xncp-ta\n c≠pw HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂X
- mbn A_q-lp-dbvdx
(d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbpw Camw apkvenw (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kzp_vlns‚
apºpw aKvcn_ns‚ tij-hp-ap≈ kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fn¬ Xncp-ta\n Cu c≠v
kqd-Øp-Ifpw ]e-h´w HmXp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v AlvaZv, Xn¿a-Zo, C_v\p-amPx
(d) apX-em-b-h¿ D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-I-fnepw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Dd-ßp-hm≥ InS-°p-tºmƒ
Cu kqd-Øv HmXp-∂Xv \√-Xm-sW∂v ImWn-°p∂ Nne lZo-Yp-Iƒ AlvaZpw (d)
a‰pw D≤-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v.
C_v\p-Pc - o¿, C_v\p A_o-lm-Xnw (d) F∂n-h¿ D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp cnhm-bØ - ns‚
kmcw C{]-Im-ca ˜
- mWv: Nne Izpssdio t\Xm-°ƒ \_n t- bmSv Cßs\ ]d™p:
"apl-Ωt- Z, Rß-fpsS aXw \o ]n≥]-‰p-I, \ns‚ aXw Rßfpw ]n≥]-‰mw. Rß-fpsS
ssZh-ßsf \obpw Bcm-[n-°p-I, \ns‚ ssZh-ßsf Rßfpw Bcm-[n-°mw. F∂m¬
\ns‚-XmWv DØ-as - a-¶n¬ AXn¬ Rß-fpw, Rß-fpsS-XmWv DØ-as - a-¶n¬ AXn¬
\obpw `mK-`m-°mIp-at- √m. At∏mƒ \_n ˜]d™p: √ÒZ ¬H ∑ô°TG ¿G ¬q∏d PÉ©e' (A-√m-lp-hn-
t\mSv as‰m-∂ns\ ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂X - n¬\n∂v Rm≥ Ah-t\mSv icWw tXSp∂p!') CXn-
s\-Øp-S¿∂v Cu kqdØv Ah-Xc - n-®p. A\-¥cw akvPn-Zp¬ ldm-an¬sh®v Izpssdio
{]am-Wn-If- psS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ Xncp-ta\n Cu A≤ymbw HmXn hnfw-_cw sNøp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Øn¬.
!1! (\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: "tl,
Ahn-izm-kn-Itf!˛
5453
!2! "\nßƒ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-
Xns\ Rm≥ Bcm-[n-°p-∂n√;˛
!3! "Rm≥ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-
Xns\ \nßfpw Bcm-[n-°p-∂h
- c
- √
- .
!4! "\nßƒ Bcm- [ n- ® p- h - ∂ -
Xns\ (A-Yhm \nß-fpsS Bcm-[-
\) Rm\pw Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h-\√;˛
!5! Rm≥ Bcm-[n-®p-h-∂-Xns\
(A-Yhm Fs‚ Bcm-[\) \nßfpw
Bcm-[n-°p-∂-hc√.
!6! \nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS aXw;
F\n°v Fs‚ aXw!
!1! \o ]d-bpI tl Ahn-izm-kn-Itf !2! Rm≥
Bcm-[n-°p-∂n-√, Bcm-[n-°p-∂-X√ \nßƒ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xns\ !3!
\nß-fp-a√ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h¿ Rm≥ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xns\ !4!
Rm\p-a-√, Rm\-√-Xm\pw Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h≥ \nßƒ Bcm-[n®p
h∂-Xns\ (\n-ß-fpsS Bcm-[-\) !5! \nß-fp-a√ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h¿
Rm≥ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xns\ (Fs‚ Bcm-[-\) !6! \nßƒ°v
\nß-fpsS aXw, \S-]Sn F\n°v Fs‚ aXw, \S-]Sn
Ckvemans‚ ]cn-]m-h\ ktµ-i-ßƒ {]t_m-[\w sNøm-\pw, AXv {]mtbm-Kn-
I-ambn \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-hm-\p-am-Wt√m \_n ˜ \nbp-‡-\m-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚
{]Y-ahpw ]c-a-{]-[m-\-hp-amb e£y-am-I-s´, in¿°ns\ \n¿am¿÷\w sNbvXp
Xulo-Zns\ ÿm]n-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. a‰p-≈-sX√mw Cu e£y-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ßfpw
A\n-hm-cy-^-e-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ, _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bm-Ip∂ in¿°pw, GI-
ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bm-Ip∂ XuloZpw XΩn¬ `mKn-I-tam \ma-am-{Xtam Bb k‘n-
t]mepw D≠m-IpI km[y-a-√. c≠pw XΩn¬ ]q¿hm-]-c-hn-cp-≤-ß-fm-bn-cn-°tb D≈q.
Cu bmYm¿∞yw kpkv]-jvShpw JWvUn-X-hp-amb `mj-bn¬ i‡n-bp‡w Xpd∂v
{]Jym-]n-°p∂ Hcp sNdp A≤ym-b-amWv CXv. Xulo-Zns‚ auen-I-h-i-ßsf kphy-
‡-amb `mj-bn¬ kw£n-]vX-ambn hnh-cn-°p∂ Hcp sNdp A≤ym-b-amWv kqd-
Øp¬ CJvemkzv. At∏mƒ, Cu c≠v kqd-Øp-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ s]mcp-Øhpw _‘-
hpw, Ah-bnse Bi-b-ß-fpsS {]m[m-\yhpw hy‡-am-W-t√m. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬
]d-™m¬ ¬q∏dG ’n Gp ¬n dn Gp ’
n (A-√mlp A√msX Hcp Bcm-[y-\p-an-√) F∂ Ien-aXpØulo-
Zns‚ BZy-`m-Ka - mb ¬n dn Gp ’n (H-cm-cm-[y-\p-an-√) F∂-Xns‚ hni-Zo-Ic- W
- a- mWv Cu kqdØv
F∂pw, Ah-km-\-`m-K-amb ¬q∏dG ’ n Gp (A-√mlp Hgn-sI) F∂-Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv
kqx CJvemkzv F∂pw ]d-bmw. Cu c≠v kqd-Øp-Iƒ°pw \_n ˜ hfsc
5454
{]m[m\yw I¬]n-®n-cp-∂-Xns‚ clkyw CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
Cu kqd-Ønse Bibw Cßs\ kw{K-ln°mw: A√m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa \nßƒ
Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp∂ bmsXmcp ssZh-sØ-bpw˛ Ah hn{K-l-ß-fm-I-s´, as‰-s¥-¶n-ep-
am-I-s´˛ Rm≥ Bcm-[n-°p-∂n-√. Rm≥ AXn\v Xøm-dp-an-√. Rm≥ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-
∂Xv A√m-lp-hn-s\-am-{X-am-Wv. Ahs\ \nßfpw Bcm-[n-°p-∂n-√. AXn\v \nßƒ
Xøm-dp-an-√. \nßƒ \S-Øn-h-cp∂ in¿°p-]-c-amb Bcm-[-\m-ap-d-Iƒ H∂pw F\n°v
kzoIm-cy-a-√. Fs‚ Bcm-[-\m-ap-d-Iƒ \nßfpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√. Fs‚ Bcm-[y-
\mb A√mlp \n¿t±-in-®p-X∂ Bcm-[\m cq]w am{X-amWv Rm≥ kzoI-cn-®p-h-cp-
∂-Xv. \nßƒ \S-Øn-h-cp∂ Bcm-[-\-I-fm-I-s´, Ah \nßƒXs∂ kzbw sIń-bp-
≠m-°nb Nne NS-ßp-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v \mw XΩn¬ Hcp ImeØpw
tbmPn-°pI F∂ {]iv\ta C√. \nßƒ \nß-fpsS aXhpw \S-]-Sn-{I-ahpw ]n≥]-
‰n-s°m-≈p-I. Rm≥ Fs‚ aXhpw \S-]-Snbpw ]n≥]-‰n-s°m-≈mw. AX-Xns‚ êw
\ap°v Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw hgnsb I≠-dn-bp-Ibpw sNømw.
˜
C_vdmlow \_n bpw, At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-hcpw
Ah-cpsS P\-X-bmb apivcn°p-I-tfmSv \mw XΩn¬ bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-s√-∂pw,
\nßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-h-tc°pw \mw XΩn¬ {]Xy£ i{Xp-X-bm-
Wp-≈-sX∂pw a‰pw Xpd∂p {]Jym-]n® hnhcw kqd-Øp¬ apwX-ln\x (áæëàªŸG)-bn¬
A√mlp D≤cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ \nßƒ°v \√-Xmb Hcp amXr-I-bp≠v F∂pw
AtXm-sSm∏w \sΩ A√mlp DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. (kq: apwX-ln\x 4
˛mw hN\w t\m°p-I) AXp-t]m-se-bp≈ Hcp {]Jym-]\w Cu kap-Zm-b-Ønse
˜
apivcn°p-I-tfm-Spw sNøm-\mWv Cu kqd-Øn¬ A√mlp \_n tbmSv I¬]n-
˜
°p∂Xv. \_n -tbm-Sp≈ I¬]\ Ahn-SpsØ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw _m[-I-am-
sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
!áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG!
5455
`mKw 30 ô°üqædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 110 \kzv¿
5456
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
ô°üqædG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
110. kqdXp∂kzv¿
aZo-\xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 3
Øn¬.
!1!A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-b-hpw,
hnP-bhpw h∂m¬,˛
!2! A√m-lp-hns‚ aX-Øn¬
Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn {]th-in-°p-∂-Xmbn
a\p-jysc \o ImWp-Ibpw (sN-
bvXm¬),˛
!3! At∏mƒ \o \ns‚ d∫ns\
kv X pXn- ® p- s Im≠v "Xkv _ olv '
[ktXm-{X-Io¿Ø\w] sNbvXp-sIm-
≈pI; Ah- t \mSv ]m]- t am- N \w
tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-I. \n›-b-ambpw
Ah≥ ]›m-Øm]w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-
h-\m-Ip-∂p.
!1! h∂m¬, hcp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ klmbw hnP-b-
hpw, Xpd-hnbpw !2! \o ImWp-Ibpw (sN-bvXm¬) a\p-jysc
Ah¿ {]th-in-°p-∂-Xmbn A√m-lp-hns‚ aX-Øn¬ Iq´-ß-fm-bn,
Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn !3! At∏mƒ (F-∂m¬) \o Xkv_olv \S-Øn-s°m-≈pI
kvXpXn-®p-sIm-≠v, kvXpXn-tbmsS \ns‚ d∫n-s\, d∫ns‚
Ah-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNøpI \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ BIp∂p
5457
(B-Wv) ]›m-Øm]w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h≥
˜
\_n Xncp-ta-\n -bpsS hntbm-K-Øn\v A¬]w apºmbn Ah-X-cn® Hcp kqd-
Øm-Wn-Xv. Ah¿W-\o-b-amb XymK-ßfpw sRcp-°-ßfpw kln-®p-sIm≠v GXm≠v
Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v sIm√-°mew \S-Øn-h∂ Ahn-{ia ]cn-{i-a-ßƒ°v ]q¿W-hn-Pbw
kn≤n-®p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ahn-SpsØ IÆn\v Ipfn¿a-bpw, a\-
n\v kwXr-]vXnbpw ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlp Ahs‚ Zo\n-s\˛ Ckvemwa-X-
sØ˛ klm-bn-®p. Ahs‚ \_n-sbbpw klm-bn-®p. B kXy-a-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬
Fs¥-∂n-√msX tImem-lew \SØn Ip{]-kn≤n t\Snb hncp≤ i‡n-I-sf√mw
ae-t]m-se-h∂p a™p-t]mse \oßn-t∏m-bn. hn{K-lm-Zn -hn-hn[ ssZh-ß-fpsS IqØ-
cw-K-m-bn-cp∂ Atd_ymD]-`q-J-WvU-Øn¬\n∂v Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fm-Ip∂
in¿°ns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw, Ah-cp-sS ssZh-ßfpw \njvIm-k\w sNø-s∏-´p. A√m-
lp-hns‚ aX-am-Ip∂ Ckvemans‚ ]XmI F√m-bn-SØpw Db¿∂p. Atd_y apgp-
h\pw kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw \mSmbn amdn. Ab¬]-°-ß-
fn¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ Ip^vdns‚ km{am-Py-ß-fnse alm-c-Y-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS `mhnsb
D¬I-WvT-tbmsS D‰p-t\m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. "a°m-hn-Pb'amIp∂ "hnP-b-ß-
fpsS hnPbw' Ign-™-tXmsS Ckvemans\ Bt«-jn-°p-hm-\mbn \m\m-{]-tZ-i-ß-
fn¬\n∂pw Bƒ°q-´-ßƒ XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc aZo-\x-bn-te°v {]h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
∂p. ]pdw-\m-Sp-I-fn¬ Ckvemans‚ ktµ-ihpw hn⁄m-\hpw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm-\pw,
˜
AXns‚ ]XmI ]d-∏n-°p-hm\pw \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS in£Ww e`n® {]K-¤-
cmb injy-K-W-ßƒ Ahn-SpsØ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøm≥ k÷-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v.
˜
Npcp-°-Øn¬, \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ZuXy-e£yw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn-™n-cn-
°-bm-Wv. AYhm Cl-Øn¬sh®v Ahn-Sp-tØ°v kn≤n-t°-≠p∂ klm-b-hm-KvZm-
\-ßƒ Inń-°g - n™p. Ckveman\v hnP-bhpw kn≤n®p; P\-ßƒ Iq´w-Iq-á- mbn h∂p
Ckveman¬ {]th-in-°p-∂Xv Ahn-Sp-tØ°v I≠m-\-µn-°p-am-dm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
F\n, Ahn-Sp-tØ-°v-th≠n A√mlp Xs‚ ASp-°¬ Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-≈-Xpw, F√m-
‰n-s\-°mfpw D]-cn-bm-b-Xp-amb A\p-{K-l-ßƒ \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\mbn,
A√mlp Ahs‚ Xncp-Zq-X-sc Ahs‚ ]cn-ip≤ k∂n-[n-bn-te°v kzmKXw sNøp-
I-bm-Wv. Cu kqdØv aptJ-\. AY-hm, B bm{X°v Hcp-ßn-s°m-≈p-hm-\p≈ kqN-
\-bmWv CXn-ep-≈-Xv. bm{X-°vap-ºm-bn, CtXhsc e`n® hºn® A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°pw
t\´-ßƒ°pw \µn-bmbn Ah \v kvXpXn-Io¿Ø-\h - pw, kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø-\h - pw, sNø-
W-sa-∂pw, h√ hnt[-\bpw h∂p-h-im-tb-°m-\n-S-bp≈ A_-≤-ßfpw hogvN-Ifpw
am∏p-sN-bvXp-In-´p-hm≥th≠n Ah-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXS-W-sa∂pw D]-tZ-in-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AYhm ˛kqd-Øp¬ C≥in-dmln (ìGô°ûf’G)s‚ Ah-km-\-
Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se˛ sRcp-°hpw `mchpw \oßn Ffp-∏hpw kuI-cyhpw e`n-®p-
I-gn™ ÿnXn°v F\n, A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao-]yhpw {]oXnbpw IqSp-X¬ e`n-°p-
hm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw, AXn\v th≠Xv {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈-W-sa∂v
Xm¬]-cyw.
{]hm-NI
- ≥am¿ ]m]-ßf- n¬\n∂v kpc-£n-Xc
- m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂n-cn-s°, ]m]-tam-N\w
˜
tXSp-hm≥ \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-®Xv F¥p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v h√-hcpw kwi-bn-t®-
°mw. \_n-am-cpsS ]m]-ßƒsIm-≠p≈ hnh-£-sb∏‰n kq: ^Xvlv: 2 s‚bpw
5458
kq:apl-ΩZv: 19 s‚bpw, kq: kzmZv 34 ˛ 38 s‚bpw hymJym-\-ß-fn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®p
Ign-™n-´p-≠v. IqSp-X¬ hnhcw Ahn-S-ß-fn¬ t\m°p-I. \_n-am-cpsS D∂X ]Z-hn-
sh-®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ, Ah-cpsS ]°¬ ht∂-°m-hp∂ tIhew \n m-c-amb hogvN-
Ifpw Ahsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ]m]-ß-fmbn KWn-°-s∏-t´-°pw. F∂-√m-sX,
Ip‰-I-ctam \njn-≤tam Bb sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßƒ Ah¿ sNøp-sa∂v CXn-\¿∞-an-√.
IqSm-sX, \_n-am¿ Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≈-t∏mƒ Xß-fpsS kap-Zm-b-at≤y \S-am-Sp∂ ]mI-
∏n-g-hp-I-fn¬ Hcp _m≤yX Ah¿°pw D≠m-bn-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn,
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n Ahn-SpsØ kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-
°p-hm≥ I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-ap-≠v. (kq: apl-ΩZv: 9) Cßs\ ]e \ne°pw Bbn-
˜
cn°mw \_n t- bmSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-hm≥ I¬]n-®X - v. A√m-lp-hn-\d
- n-bmw. GXm-
bm-epw, \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜ t]mepw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-hm≥ Iev]n-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-tºmƒ˛ Xncp-ta-\n-bm-I-s´, AXv Ahn-SpsØ \nXy-]-Xn-hm°n \ap°v
amXrI ImWn-®p-X-∂n-´p-ap-≠v˛ \msa-√m-hcpw AXn\v IqSp-X¬ IS-a-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v
hy‡w. B \ne°v Cu I¬]\ \sΩ kw_-‘n®n-S-tØmfw IqSp-X¬ i‡-amb
Hcp D]-tZ-i-]mTw IqSn-bm-Wv.
C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJmcn (d) D≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Yns‚
kmcw C{]-Im-c-amWv: "_Zv¿ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp∂ hr≤≥am-tcm-sSm∏w
Fs∂bpw Da¿ (d) At±-l-Øns‚ kZ- n¬ {]th-in-∏n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-
s\-∏‰n Nne-cpsS a\- n¬ shdp∏v tXm∂n-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ah¿ ]d™p: "F¥mWv
(Cu sNdp-{]m-b-°m-c\mb) Chs\ Rß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ tN¿°p-hm≥? Rßƒ°v
Ch-s\-t∏m-se-bp≈ a°fpw IqSn-bp-≠-t√m.' At∏mƒ, Da¿ (d) ]d™p: "Cbmƒ
\nßƒ°-dn-bm-hp∂ Bfm-Wt√m' (*) Aß-s\, Hcp Znhkw Da¿ (d) Ah-sc-sb√mw
hnfn-®p-h-cp-Øn. Iq´-Øn¬ Fs∂bpw tN¿Øp. A∂v Fs∂ Ah-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬
£Wn-®Xv Ah¿°v Fs∂-∏‰n a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv Rm≥
hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n´v At±lw tNmZn®p: (A-√m-lp-hns‚
klm-bhpw hnP-bhpw h∂m¬...) F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xn-s\-∏‰n \nßƒ F¥v
]d-bp∂p? Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ ]d™p: \ap°v klmbw e`n-°p-Ibpw, hnPbw kn≤n-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ \mw A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw, Ah-t\mSv ]m]-tam-
N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNøW-sa∂v A√mlp \tΩmSv I¬∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.-thsd Nne¿
H∂pw ]d-bmsX au\w Ah-ew-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At∏mƒ At±lw Ft∂mSv:
"Aß-s\-Ø-s∂-bmtWm Xm\pw ]d-bp-∂-Xv˛ C_v\p A∫mtk?!' F∂v tNmZn-®p.
"A√' F∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p. At±lw tNmZn®p: "Xm≥ F¥p-]-d-bp∂p?' At∏mƒ
˜
Rm≥ Cßs\ adp-]Sn ]d™p: "AXv dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n -bpsS Bbp-jvIm-em-
h[n Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bhpw hnP-bhpw
h∂m¬ AXv \ns‚ Ah-[n-bpsS AS-bm-f-am-Wv. At∏mƒ \ns‚ d∫ns\ kvXpXn-
˜
(*) \_n bpsS {]nb-s∏´ ]nXr-hy-]p-{X-\pw, Izp¿-Bs\ kw_-‘n®v IqSp-
X¬ Adn-bp∂ tZl-hp-am-sW∂v \nßƒ°-dn-bm-at- √m. B \ne°v At±-lØ
- ns‚
sNdp-{]mbw Ku\n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn√ F∂v kmcw. \_n Xncp-ta\n ˜
Ncaw {]m]n-
°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øn\v Gsd-°psd 13 hb v am{X-ta {]mb-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-bp-
≈q.
5459
®p-sIm≠v \o "Xkv_olv' \S-Øp-Ibpw, Ah-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNbvXp-
sIm-≈pI (F∂v Xm¬]-cyw)'. CXv tI´-t∏mƒ Da¿ (d) ]d™p: "Xm≥ ]d-bp-∂-X-
√msX AXn¬\n∂v Rm\pw a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√.' (_p.)
Cu kqd-Øn¬ AS-ßnb kqN-\-bmWv C_v\p A∫mkv (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xv.
thsdbpw ]e kwK-Xn-Ifpw Cu lZo-Yn¬\n∂v {Kln-°p-hm-\p-≠v. \ΩpsS kµ¿`w
AX-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v B hnh-c-W-Øn\v ChnsS apXn-cp-∂n-√. Cu kqdØv Ah-X-
cn-®-t∏mƒ, dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ˜
≈°ùØf ¤G â«©f~b (F-\n°v Fs‚ ac-W-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-
°-s∏-´p.) F∂v ]d-™-Xmbn AlvaZpw ss_l-Izobpw (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ap-
≠v. Cu kqd-Øn\v ™jOƒàdG IQƒ°S (bm{X Ab-∏ns‚ A≤ym-bw) F∂pw t]¿ ]d-b-s∏-
ń-´p-≈Xv CXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.
_pJmco, apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ C{]-Imcw
h∂n-cn-°p∂p: "Izp¿-Bs‚ Xm¬]cyw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v (Cu kqd-Ønse \n¿t±-
i-{]-Im-cw) dpIq-C-epw, kpPq-Znepw hfsc {]mhiyw \_n ˜ Cßs\ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-
bn-cp∂p: ≈pdôpØZr Gn ºs ¡o ∏s dG ∑
n ~p ªr ë
n Hp hn ÉnæHs Qn ºs ¡o ∏s dG ∂
n fn ÉnëÑr °o S (R-ß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-th, \ns∂
kvXpXn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w \n\°v Rm≥ kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p. A√m-lp-
th, F\n°v s]mdpØv Xtc-Wta!)' dkq¬ ˜ Ahn-SpsØ Ah-km-\-Im-e-Øv
¬«dEG ÜƒJCGh ¬∏dG ôØ¨à°SG √~ªëHh ¬∏dG ¿ÉëÑ°S (A-√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Rm≥ Ah\v
kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø\w sNøp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Rm≥ ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw,
Ah-¶-te°v Rm≥ ]›m-Ø-]n®v aS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂p) F∂v A[nIw ]d-bm-dp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn AlvaZpw (d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
˜
\_n bpsS Ah-km-\-Im-eØv Ahn-Sp∂v \n¬°p-tºm-gpw, Ccn-°p-tºm-gpw, hcp-
tºmgpw t]mIp-tºm-gp-sa√mw Xs∂ p√p~rªnëpHph p¬q∏dG n¿ÉnërÑo°S F∂v ]d-™n-cp-∂p-sh∂v DΩp-
lm\o (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn apkvenapw (d) D≤-cn-°p-∂p. apºn-√mØ Cu ]Xn-
hn\v ImcWw tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ, Cu kqd-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn®AS-bmfw I≠-Xp-sIm-
≠m-sW∂v Xncp-ta\n adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xmbpw B c≠v lZo-Yp-I-fnepw {]kvXm-hn-°-
s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
¬«dG Üƒàfh √ôØ¨à°ùfh ¬q∏dG ~ªëf
π° ØdGh ¬æŸG ¬dh
5460
`mKw 30 Ö¡q∏dG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 111 el_v
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
Ö¡q∏dG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
111. kqdXp√l_v
(Cu A≤ym-b-Øn\v kqdØv "X∫Øv' ( ) F∂pw, kq: "akZv' ( )
F∂pw t]cp-≠v. Cu hm°p-I-fpsS A¿∞w Xmsg ImWmw.)
kqdØv ipA-dm-Cse 214 ˛mw kq‡-amb (\ns‚ ASpØ

_‘p-°ƒ°v Xm°oXv \¬Ip-I) F∂ hN\w Ah-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ, \_n ˜ k^m
Ip∂n≥ apI-fn¬ Ibdn ASpØ IpSpw-_-ß-sf-sb√mw hnfn-®p-h-cp-Øn. "Rm≥ A√m-
lp-hns‚ in£-sb-°p-dn®v \nßsf Xm°oXv sNøm≥ Ab-°-s∏´ ZqX-\mWv' F∂v
Ahsc s]mXp-hm-bpw, Hmtcm-cp-Øsc t]cp-hn-fn®p {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambpw Adn-
bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]nXr-hy-\mb A_qe-l_v
ssIIp-S™v Fgp-t∂-‰p-sIm≠v Cßs\ ]d™p: Éæà©ªL Gò¡dG ΩÉj’G ôFÉ°S ∂dÉÑJ(F√m \mfp-
I-fn-epw˛ Imew apgp-h\pw ˛\n-\°v \miw! CXn\v th≠n-bmtWm Rßsf \o Hcp-
an-®p-Iq-ń-bXv?!) CXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-®p. _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw
(d) D≤-cn-®n-´p≈ Cu kw`-h-Øns‚ ]q¿W-cq]w kq: ipA-dm-C¬ \mw D≤-cn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p.
Øn¬.
!1! A_q-e-l-_ns‚ Ccp-I-c-
ßƒ (\-jvS-a-S-™p) \in-°s´!
Ah≥ (im-]-a-S™p) \in-®p-Xm-
\pw.
!2! Ah\v Ahs‚ [\-hpw,
Ah≥ kºm-Zn-®p-sh-®Xpw D]-Im-
c-s∏-ń-ń-√.
5461
!3! Pzme-bp-≈-Xmb Hc-·n-bn¬
[\c-I-Øn¬] Ah≥ hgnsb IS-
s∂-cnbpw!
!4! Ahs‚ `mcy-bpw˛ (A-sX,
B) hnd-Ip-Np-a-´p-Im-cn. (A-hfpw
IS-s∂-cn-bpw)!
!5! Ah-fpsS Igp-Øn¬ (Cu-Ø-
\m-cn-\m¬) ]ncn® Hcp NqSn-°-b¿
D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
!1! \in-°-s´, \jvS-s∏-´p, he-bs´ A_q-e-l-_ns‚ Ccp-I-c-
ßƒ, ssIIƒ Ah≥ \in-°bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p, Ah\pw \in-°s´ !2!
]cym-]vX-am-°n-bn-√, D]-Im-c-s∏-ń-√, sFiz-cy-am-°n-bn-ń√ Ah\v
Ahs‚ [\w Ah≥ kºm-Zn-®Xpw !3! hgnsb Ah≥ IS-s∂-
cnbpw Hcp A·n-bn¬ Pzme-bp-≈-Xmb !4! Ahs‚ kv{Xo (`m-
cy)bpw Npa-´p-Imcn hndIv !5! Ah-fpsS Igp-Øn-ep≠v, Igp-
Øn-ep-≠mIpw Hcp Ib¿ (Cu-Ø-\m-cn-s‚) NqSn-bpsS, ]ncn® NqSn-
sIm-≠p≈
˜
\_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ]nXr-hy≥ A_q-e-l-_ns‚ km£m¬ t]¿ "D m'
F∂ hn{K-Øns‚ ASna F∂¿∞-ap≈ A_vZp¬ D m (iõ©dG ~ÑY) F∂-s{X. A_q-
e-l-_ns‚ apJw hfsc tim`bpw sXfnhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv "A_q-e-
l_v' F∂ t]cn¬ Abmƒ Adn-b-s∏-´Xv F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. At∏mƒ, Pzen-
°p∂ apJ-ap-≈-h≥ F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw B t]cv h∂-Xv. (*) apI-fn¬
D≤-cn® lZo-Yn¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-se, \_n ˜Xulo-Zns‚ {]t_m-[\w Ft∏mƒ
˜
XpS-ßntbm At∏mƒ apX¬ Ah≥ \_n -bpsS i{Xp-hmbn {]Xy-£-s∏-´p. ac-
Ww-hsc ITn\ sshcw XpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A_q-e-l-_n-s\-t∏mseØs∂
˜
\_n bpsS Hcp ]nXr-hy-\m-bn-cp∂p A_q-Xzm-en_pw. F∂m¬, At±lw Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS hm’eyw \nd™ c£m-I¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v am{X-a-√, At±lw
in¿°n¬ Dd-®p-\n-∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Xncp-ta-\nsb acWwhsc X∂m¬ Ign-bpw-hn[w
klm-bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A_q-e-l-_m-Is´ Npcp-ßn-b-]£w kz¥w
ktlm-Z-c-]p-{X-s\∂ \ne°v D]-{Z-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-¶nepw sNbvXn-√. t\sc-a-dn®v
Inńb Ah-k-c-sa√mw Xncp-ta-\nsb D]-{Z-hn-°p-hm\pw A]-am-\n-°p-hm\pw hn\n-
tbm-Kn-°-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Xncp-ta-\nbpw A_q-e-l_pw Ab¬hm-kn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hmXn¬°¬ aen-\-h-kvXp-°ƒ hen-®n-Sp-hm-\mWv B Ab¬]-
(*) GsX-¶nepw Hcp hkvXp-thmSv ƒoNnG ,ƒoHnG (]n-Xm-hv, ktlm-Z-c≥) F∂o hm°p-
Iƒ tN¿Øv B hkvXp-hns‚ Bƒ F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°pI Ad-
_n-Ifn¬ ]Xn-hp-≠v.
5462
°-_‘w B a\p-jy≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. Izpssd-in-I-fpsS Hcp t\Xm-hpw-IqSnbmbn-
cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v IqSp-X¬ D]-{Zhw \S-Øm-\p≈ kml-N-cyhpw Ignhpw Ah-∂p-
≠m-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m.
d_o-A-Øp_v\p A∫mZv (d) ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "Rm≥ "Pmln-en-øØn'embn-cp∂
Ah-k-c-Øn¬ "Zp¬a-Pmkv' D’-h-®-¥-bn¬sh®v dkq¬ ˜ C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂Xv
Rm≥ ImWp-I-bp-≠mbn: ¬q∏dG ’G n¬ndpG n’ Gƒdrƒnb (A-√mlp A√msX Bcm-[y-\n√ F∂v
\nßƒ ]d-™p-sIm-≈p-hn≥. F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v hnPbw e`n-°pw). P\-ßƒ At±-
l-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apJ-{]-Im-i-ap-≈-h\pw tIm¶-
Æ\pw (I- Æ p- ] n- c n- ® p- t \m- ° p- ∂ - h - \ pw) Bb Hcp a\p- j y≥ At±- l - Ø ns‚
]n∂n¬\n∂v Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ÜPÉc ÅHÉ°U ¬fG (C-h≥ aXw amdn-b-h-\m-
Wv, I≈w ]d-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv.) At±lw t]mIp-∂n-S-sØ√mw Cu a\p-jy\pw ]n¥p-
S¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Cbm-sf-∏‰n Rm≥ tNmZn-®-dn-™-t∏mƒ, AXv At±-l-Øns‚
]nXr-hy≥ A_q-e-l-_m-sW∂v Bfp-Iƒ ]d-™p.' (A; Xz)
Ckveman¬ hniz-kn-®n-s√-¶n¬t]mepw ]e \ne°pw \_n sb klm-bn-t°- ˜
≠n-bn-cp∂ A_q-e-l_v C{Xbpw \oNhpw \nIr-jvS-hp-amb s]cp-am‰w \_n - ˜
tbmSpw Ckveman-t\mSpw kzoI-cn-®X - p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. Ahs‚ t]sc-Sp-Øp-]d
- ™p
Xpd∂ `mj-bn¬Xs∂ A√mlp Ahs\ i]n-®m-t£-]n-®Xv CXn-s\°mƒ ISpØ
`mj-bn¬ Nne ITn\ apivcn°p-I-sf-∏‰n Izp¿-B-\n¬ {]kvXm-hn-®p ImWmw. ]t£,
Ah-cp-sS-sbm∂pw t]sc-SpØv ]d-bm-dn-√. Ah-t\mSv A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ AXn-I-Tn-\-
amb shdp-∏m-Wt√m CXv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. {]hm-N-Is‚ ASpØ _‘p-hm-bn-cp-∂m¬
t]mepw {]hm-N-I-Zu-XysØ [n°-cn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]w hºn-®-
Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p. A_q-e-l-_ns‚ `mcybpw A_q-e-l-_n\v
XnI®pw tbmPn® Hcp `mcy-bm-bn-cp-∂p. DΩp-P-ao¬ F∂mWv t]¿. \_n s°-Xn- ˜
cmbn kz`¿Ømhns‚ kwcw-`-ß-fn¬ Ahƒ Ahs\ klm-bn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Ahƒ°v kz¥- a mbn Ign- b p- ∂ Xv ]pd- s abpw sNøpw. Xs‚ tXmgn- a m- c mb
˜
kv{XoIƒ°n-S-bn¬ \_n -sb-∏‰n Ip‰hpw Ipdhpw ]d™p {]N-cn-∏n-°p-I. Xncp-
ta\n \S-°p-∂-h-gn-bn¬ sRcn-™n¬ ap≈n-s‚bpw a‰pw `mWvU-ßƒ sIm≠p-h-
∂n-Sp-I, Xncp-ta-\n-sbbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw Ipdn®v Gj-Wn-]-d-™p-≠m-°pI apX-
em-bh Ah-fpsS hI-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Ahfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ISpØ
im]-Øn\pw tIm]-Øn\pw ]m{X-am-bn-Øo¿∂p.
c≠p-t]¿°pw Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw \mi-am-Wp-≈s - X-∂pw, Ah-sc-s°m-≠p≈
iey-sØ-°p-dn®v hne-]n-t°-≠X ˜
- n-s√∂pw \_n °v Hcp kt¥m-jh - m¿Øbpw Cu
A≤ym-bØn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. c≠p-t]cpw Pohn-®n-cn-s°-Øs - ∂-bmWv Cu kqd-
Øns‚ Ah-Xc - W
- w. hnhcw Adn™p DΩp-Pa- o¬ tcmjm-Ip-eb- m-bn-s°m≠v \_n ˜
]≈n-bn-en-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ahn-sS-s®∂v Ak`yw ]d-™X - mbn \nth-Z\ - ß
- ƒ h∂n-´p-≠.v
\_n ˜ k^m-bn¬sh®v IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf Xm°oXv sNbvX-t∏mƒ A_q-e-
l_v ∂
n dn ÉÑnJ (\n-\°v \miw) F∂v ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-b-t√m. ITn-\-amb {]Xn-tj-[-th-f-
bn¬ i]n-®p-]-d-bm-dp≈ Hcp hm°m-W-Xv. AtX hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
A√mlp Ah-s\bpw i]n-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. 1 ˛mw hN-\-Ønse BZysØ {Inb ( )
A_q-el- _ - ns‚ Ic-ßƒ \in-°s´ F∂v {]m¿∞-\m-cq-]Ø - n-epw, c≠m-asØ {Inb
5463
( ) Ah≥ \in-°bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂v h¿Ø-am-\-cq-]-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv.
c≠m-asØ hN-\-Øn¬ Ahs‚ [\w, sFiz-cyw, kzm[o-\w, a°ƒ apX-em-b-h-
sbm∂pw Cl-Øn¬ Ahs‚ Dt±iyw km[n-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-I-cn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, ]c-
tem-I-Øn¬ Ah-aqew bmsXmcp KpWhpw e`n-°p-hm-\n-s√∂pw {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. Cu im]w Cl-Øn¬sh®v ac-W-Øn\v apºp-Xs∂ Ah≥ A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Ahs‚ Dt±-iy-sam∂pw ên-®-Xp-an-√. Ahs‚ aI≥ DXv_Øv iman-te-
°p≈ bm{X-bn¬ knwl-Øn\v Cc-bm-bn. Ah\v á°S~Y (A-Z-k-Øv) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-
Sp∂ ({]-ta-l-°-pcp-t]m-setbm hkq-cn-t]m-setbm D≈) Hcp tcmKw ]nSn-s]-´p.
Zp¿K‘w \nanØw P\-ßƒ ASp-°m-Xm-bn. ih-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-\p-t]mepw Bsf-In-
´msX Iqen-°m-cm-WXv Fß-s\tbm FSpØv ad-®-Xv. _Z¿bp≤w Ign™p A¬]
-Zn-h-k-ßƒ°p-ti-j-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. Xm≥ Hcp Izpssdin t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂n´pw òcp-
Xzhpw ]nip°pw Imc-W-ambn _Zvdn¬ Ah≥ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂n-√. ]Icw X\n°v
IS-°m-c\ - m-bn-cp∂ Hcmsf Ab-°p-Ib
- mWv sNbvXX
- v. Npcp-°Ø
- n¬ Ahs‚ [\hpw
Ah≥ kºm-Zn-®-Xpsa√mw Xs∂ Ah\v ChnsS D]-I-cn-®n√. ]c-tem-I-Øn-em-I-
s´˛ aq∂mw hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp ]d-™Xp-t]m-se˛ Pzen-®p-{]-Im-in-°p∂ B
apJw IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ \c-I-Øn¬I-S∂v Fcn-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn-¬ kwi-bhpw
C√.
A_q-e-l-_ns\Øp-S¿∂v Ahs\ A\p-I-cn-®n-cp∂ Ahs‚ `mcy-sbbpw im]-
Øn¬ Ah- t \m- s Sm∏w A√mlp ]¶p- t N¿Øn- c n- ° p- ∂ p. "hnd- I p- N p- a - ´ p- I mcn'
( ) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n®p Ahsf \nµn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Gj-
Wn-bp-ambn \S-°p-∂h - s
- \-°p-dn®v Ah≥ Abmƒs°-Xnsc hnd-Ip-≠m-°p-Ib - m-sW∂v
Ad-_n-Iƒ ]d-bm-dp-s≠-∂pw, AX-\p-k-cn®v Gj-Wn-°mcn F∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-emWv
B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂p-amWv Nne Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°-fpsS A`n-
˜
{]m-bw. AX-√, \_n sb D]-{Z-hn-°p-hm-\mbn Ahƒ ap≈pw a‰pw Npa-∂p-sIm-
≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂-Xns\ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. "Ah-fpsS Igp-Øn¬ Hcp
]ncn® NqSn-°b- d
- p-≠m-bn-cn°pw' ( ‫ﻦ ﻣﺴ "ﺪ‬" ‫ﺒ "ﻞ ﻣ‬$ ‫ ) ﰲ ﺟﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺣ‬F∂ hmIyhpw CXp-t]mse
$ َ َ $ $ "
َ َ
Ah-fpsS t\¿°v A√m-lp-hn-\p≈ shdp-∏ns‚ ImTn\yw {]I-S-am-°p-∂p. hnd-Ip-Np-
a-°¬ GXv A¿∞-Øn-em-bmepw B hnd-Ip-Np-a-´p-Im-c≥ AXn\p X° Ib-dpw-
sIm≠v \S-°p-a-t√m. \c-I-Øn¬sh-®p≈ Ah-fpsS ÿnXn hnh-cn-®-XmWXv
F∂mWv ]e alm≥amcpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AYhm Igp-Øn¬ Ib-dp-ambn \_n °pw ˜
Ckveman-\p-sa-Xnsc hnd-Ip-ti-Jc - n-°p-hm≥ an\-s°-ń-cp∂ Ahƒ°v AXn\v XnI®pw
A\p-tbm-Py-amb in£-bm-bn-cn°pw \c-I-Ønepw A\p-`-h-s∏-SpI F∂v kmcw.
º∏YG ¬q∏dGh
AÉ°VôH øjõFÉØdG øe Éæ∏©Lh ¬£î°Sh Ö° Z øe ¬q∏dG ÉfPÉYG
áæŸGh ~ª◊G ¬dh
5464
`mKw 30 ¢UÓN’G IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 112 CJvemkzv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¢UÓN’G IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
112. kqdXp¬ CJvemkzv

(a-Zo\-xbn-em-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v)
Cu kqdØv H∂n-e-[nIw t]cp-I-fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. bmsXmcp Ie¿∏pw IqSm-
Ø˛ XnI®pw ]cn-ip-≤-am-b˛ GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-aq-ey-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ A≤ym-
b-sa∂ \ne°v kqd-Øp¬ "CJvemkzv' (\n-jvI-f-¶-X) F∂pw, aX-Øns‚ ASn-
ÿm-\-amb auen-I-X-Xz-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-sX∂ \ne°v kqd-Øp¬ "Akmkv'
(A-Sn-Ø-d) F∂pw, IqSm-sX, kqd-Øp¬ "aAvcn^x' (hn-⁄m-\w) F∂pw, kqdXp
"ØuloZv' (G-I-ssZh kn≤m-¥w) F∂pw (*) CXn\v t]cp-Iƒ D≠v. Hmtcm t]cpw
CXns‚ al-Xzhpw {]m[m-\yhpw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
BCix (d) ]d-™X - mbn _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw (d) C{]-Imcw D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p:
\_n ˜ Hcmsf Hcp ssk\y-Øns‚ Xe-h-\mbn Ab-®n-cp-∂p. At±lw Ah-cp-
ambn \a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ (Cu A≤ym-bw) HmXn-s°m-≠m-bn-cp∂p
AXn¬ Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw Ah-km-\n-∏n®n-cp-∂-Xv. ssk\yw aSßn h∂-t∏mƒ
˜
Ah¿ Cu hnhcw \_n sb Adn-bn-®p. At±lw Aßs\ sNøm≥ Imc-W-sa-
¥m-sW∂v At±-l-tØmSv At\z-jn-°p-hm≥ \_n ˜ Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-®p. At±lw
Cßs\ adp-]Sn ]d™p: "Imc-Ww, AXv ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-Is‚ KpW-hn-ti-j-W-am-
Wv, Rm≥ AXv ]mcm-bWw sNøm≥ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p.' CXv tI´-t∏mƒ \_n ˜
]d™p: At±-lsØ "A√mlp kvt\ln-°p-∂p-s≠∂v \nßƒ At±-l-tØmSv ]d-
™p-sIm-Sp-°p-I.' as‰mcp kw`hw C{]-Im-c-amWv: Izp_m-bnse ]≈n-bnse Hcp
Camw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Hmtcm kqdØv HmXp-tºmgpw AXn-\p-ap-ºmbn BZyw Cu
kqdØv HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. P\-ß-fpsS Bt£]w hne-sh-°msX At±lw AXv
XpS¿∂p-h-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ tbmKyX IW-°n-se-SpØv P\-ßƒ At±-lsØ
ssIhn-´-Xp-an-√. \_n˜ AhnsS h∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ hnhcw Adn-bn-®p. F√m dIv-A-
Ønepw Cu kqdØv apdpsI ]nSn-°p-hm-\p≈ Imc-W-sa-¥msW∂v \_n ˜ At±-
l-tØmSv tNmZn-®p. "Rm\-Xns\ CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p' F∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ adp-
]-Sn. At∏mƒ \_n ˜ ]d™p: "Xm¶ƒ°v AXn-t\m-Sp≈ CjvSw Xm¶sf kz¿K-
Øn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (áæ÷G ∂∏NOG ÉgÉjG ∂ÑM) Cu kw`hw _pJm-cnbnepw Xn¿a-
~«MƒàdG IQƒ°S ,áaô©ŸG IQƒ°S ,¢SÉ°S’G IQƒ°S (@)
5465
Znbnepw ImWmw. (¬æY iòeÎdG √GhQh É≤«∏©J …QÉîÑdG √GhQ)
]ca-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-
Øn¬.
!1! (\-_n-tb) ]d-bpI: AXv
[Imcyw]: A√mlp GI-\m-Ip-∂p.
!2! A√mlp k¿∆m-{i-b-\mb

bP-am-\-\-s{X.
!3! Ah≥ (k-¥m-\w) P\n-∏n-®n-
ń√; Ah≥ (k-¥m-\-am-bn) P\n-®p-
≠m-bn-´p-an-√.
!4! Ah\v Xpey-\m-bn´v bmsXm-
cp-h\pw C√-Xm-\pw.
!1! \o ]d-bpI AXv (Im-cyw), Ah≥ A√m-lp, A√m-lp-hmWv

Hcp-h-\m-Wv, GI-\mWv !2! A√mlp (k¿∆-cmepw B{i-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂˛
Bcp-sSbpw B{i-bw-th-≠m-Ø˛ k¿hm-h-ew-_-\m-b) bP-am-\-\-s{X, tbmKy-\m-Wv,
- mWv !3!
k¿hm-{i-b\ Ah≥ P\n-∏n-®n-ń-√, Ah∂v P\n-®n-ń√ Ah≥
P\n-∏n-°-s∏-ń-´p-an-√, Ah≥ P\n-®n-´p-an√ !4! Ah-∂n-√-Xm\pw
Xpey-\m-bn-´v, InS-bmbn Hcmfpw (H-∂pw)
"Cu kqdØv Izp¿-Bs‚ aq∂n¬ Hcp `mK-Øn\v ka-am-Ip∂p' F∂v \_n ˜
Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xmbn _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw AS°w ]e lZoYv ]WvUn-X≥amcpw
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ ]e lZo-Yp-I-fnepw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F√m cm{Xnbpw Dd-
ßp-hm≥ InS-°p-t∂cw Cu kqdØpw ASpØ c≠v kqd-Øp-Ifpw (kq: êIzpw,
\mkpw) HmXn c≠v ssII-fn¬ DuXn apJ-Øpw, Xe-bn-epw, icocw apgp-h\pw aq∂v
{]mhiyw \_n ˜ XS-hn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbpw _pJm-cn, apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kqd-Øp¬ Im^n-dqs‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-Ifpw
Hm¿°p-I. CXp-t]m-se, Cu kqd-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw Ipdn-°p∂ ]e lZo-Yp-Ifpw
ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
\ns‚ d∫ns\ Rßƒs°m∂v hnh-cn-®p-X-cWw F∂v apivcn°p-Iƒ \_n - ˜
tbmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sh-∂pw, AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂mWv Cu kqdØv Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂pw
AlvaZpw, Xn¿a-Znbpw, _pJmcn At±-l-Øns‚ "XmcoJv' F∂ {KŸ-Ønepw \nth-
Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. ta¬I-≠-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ al-Xz-ßfpw t\´-ßfpw ssIh-c-
W-sa-¶n¬ hmb-sIm≠v hrYm Dcp-hn-´m¬am{Xw t]mcm, AXnse Bibw {Kln®pw
AXv a\- n¬ ]Xn-™pw, AXns‚ Kuchw Hm¿Øp-sIm≠pw IqSn-bm-bn-cn-t°-≠-
5466
Xp-≠v. ≥«aƒàdG ¬∏dG øeh
GsXmcp c£n-Xm-hn-s‚˛ GsXmcp Bcm-[ys‚ ˛G-I-kn-≤m-¥-Øn-te-°mtWm
Rm≥ \nßsf £Wn-°p-∂Xv B c£n-Xmhpw B Bcm-[y-\p-am-bp-≈-hs‚
atlm¬Ir-jvS-Kp-W-hn-ti-j-W-ßsf CXm, Rm≥ \nßƒ°v hnh-cn-®p-Xcmw; tI´p-
˜
sIm-≈pI F∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-hm≥ \_n -tbmSv I¬]n-®p-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp
kqdØv Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠v˛ Xulo-Zn\v \nZm-\-am-b˛ AXns‚ A\n-
hm-cy-X°v B[m-c-am-b˛ Ahs‚ ]cn-ip≤ KpW-hn-ti-j-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-
hn-°p-∂p.
(lp-h) F∂ k¿∆-\m-a-Øn\v "AXv' F∂pw, "Ah≥' F∂pw A¿∞w hcpw.
apºv {]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ GsX-¶nepw H∂ns\ Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠-√m-sX-bp≈ CØcw
kµ¿`-ß-fn¬, ]n∂oSv ]d-bp∂ hnj-b-Øns‚ Kuc-h-Øn-te°v {i≤ ]Xn-∏n-°p-
hm≥th≠n B ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. CXn\v ¿CÉ°ûdG Òª°V (Im-cy-Øn-te°v {i≤
Xncn-°p∂ k¿h-\m-aw) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Chn-sSbpw AXm-sW-∂mWv an° ap^-
n-dp-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂X
- v. CX-\p-kc
- n-®mWv "Imcyw' F∂v CØcw ÿm\-ßf - n¬ AXn\v
A¿∞w I¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw. Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-XmWv kwkm-cn-°p∂ Imcyw F∂v
kmcw. At∏mƒ, ASp-Ø-hm-°p-I-fp-ambn AXn\v LS-\m-]-c-amb {]tXy-I-samcp
_‘w D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. thW-sa-¶n¬, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hm°p-I-fn¬\n-t∂m,
ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fn¬\nt∂m A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v D¤-hn® At\z-j-W-Øns‚ adp-
]-Sn-sb∂ \ne°v AXv km[m-cW k¿∆-\maw Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw sh°m-hp-∂-Xm-
Wv. At∏mƒ, ASpØ hm°pw AXpw tN¿∂p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cn°pw hmN-I-L-S-
\. "Ah≥ A√m-lp-hm-Wv, GI-\mWv' F∂m-bn-cn°pw At∏mƒ AXn\v A¿∞w
hcp-I. hymI-c-W-]-c-am-bpw, kmln-Xy-]-c-ambpw t\m°p-tºmƒ, BZy-sØ-Xn-\mWv
IqSp-X¬ sa®-ap-≈-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Cu kqd-Øn¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
Ahs‚ A©p-Kp-W-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv:˛
(1) (A-√mlp GI-\m-Wv). AsX, _lp-Xz-tam, \m\m-Xz-tam, LS-\tbm
C√m-Ø-h≥; CWtbm, XpWtbm, ]¶m-fntbm C√m-Ø-h≥; kØ-bn-epw, KpW-ß-
fn-epw, {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-ep-sa√mw Xs∂ GI-\m-bp-≈-h≥.
(A-l-Zv) F∂ hm°n\v "Hcp-h≥, GI≥' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv hm°¿∞-sa-
¶nepw AXns‚ {]tbm-K-Øn¬ Nne {]tXy-I-X-I-fp-≠v. (H-cm-fp-an-√) F∂v
\ntj-[-cq-]-Øn¬ ]d-bp-tºmƒ Cu hm°v krjvSnIsf-∏‰n D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-s≠-
¶nepw ÿm\-cq-]-Øn¬ ]d-bp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®-√msX AXv D]-tbm-Kn-
°m-dn√. AXm-bXv "A√mlp GI-\m-sW'∂pw, "GI-\mb A√mlp' F∂pw
( ) ]d-bp-∂-Xvt]m-se, "GI-\mb t\Xmhv' Ft∂m, t\Xmhv GI-
\mWv ( ) Ft∂m at‰m B hm°v tN¿Øp]d-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-
Wv. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, FÆw ]d-bp-tºmƒ "H∂v'˛ As√-¶n¬ "Hcmƒ'˛ F∂
A¿∞-Ønepw B ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. (hm-ln-Zv) Ft∂ D]-tbm-
Kn-°m-dp-≈q. At∏mƒ, FÆ-Øn¬ GI≥ F∂v am{X-a-√, GXv \ne°v t\m°n-
bmepw GI-\m-bp-≈-h≥ F∂p≈ Hc¿∞-amWv AXn-\p-≈-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠vX-s∂-
5467
bmWv A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-j-W-ß-fn¬ (H-cp-h≥, GI≥) F∂o c≠v
hm°p-Ifpw Htc Ah-k-c-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw. Cu hyXymkw [z\n-∏n-
°p-∂-hn[w hnh¿Ø\w sNøm-hp∂ H‰-hm°v ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ImWp-∂n-√. Npcp-°-
Øn¬, _lp-Xz-Øn-s‚-tbm, \m\m-Xz-Øn-s‚-tbm, LS-\-bp-sStbm Ie¿∏n-√mØ
GI-\m-bp-≈-h≥ F∂v - \pw, FÆ-Øn¬ as‰mcp CW-bn-√mØ Htc Hcp-h≥
F∂v \pw A¿∞-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp GI-\mWv F∂-Xns‚ Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-
amWv XpS¿∂v ]d-bp∂ KpW-ßƒ F∂v ]d-bmw.
(2) (A-√mlp k¿∆-cmepw B{i-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ bP-am-\-\-s{X).
(Akvkza-Zv) F∂ hnti-j-W-\maw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Bi-b-ßƒ tZymXn-∏n-°p∂
ae-bm-fh- m°pw \mw ImWp-∂n-√. Bcp-sSbpw B{ibw th≠m-Ø˛ F√m-hcpw B{i-
bn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ AP-ø-\m-b˛ \nXy-i-‡-\mb bP-am-\≥ F∂mWv Npcp-°-Øn¬
hnh-£. AXm-b-Xv, bmsXm-∂n-s‚bpw Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ B{i-bhpw th≠m-Xn-cn-
°p-hm-\pw, F√m hkvXp-°ƒ°pw B{ibw A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp-hm\pw Bh-iy-
amb F√m D¬Ir-jvS-Kp-W-ßfpw kºq¿W-am-bp≈ alm≥ F∂v kmcw.
(3, 4) (A-h≥ k¥m\w P\n-∏n-®n-ń-√); (A-h≥ P\n-®p-≠m-bn-´p-an-
√). Ah≥ GsX-¶nepw H∂ns‚ P\-bn-Xm-h-√. AYhm ]nXm-thm, amXm-thm,
_oPtam A√. Ah≥ as‰m-∂n¬\n∂v P\y-\mbht\m D¤q-X-am-b-ht\m A√.
Ah≥ kzbw-`q-hm-Wv. A\m-Zy-\m-Wv. A\-¥-\m-Wv, At∏mƒ Ahs‚ k¥m-\-tam,
Ah-Xm-ctam Bbn bmsXm∂pw D≠m-Im-h-X√-Xs∂. Aß-s\-bp≈ k¶¬]-ß-
fn¬\n-s∂√mw ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv Ah≥. Ah-\-√m-sX-bp-≈-sX√mw Ahs‚ krjvSn-
Iƒ am{Xw.
(5) (A-h\v Xpey-\mbn Hcp-h-\p-an-√). Ahs‚ kØ-bn-tem,
KpW-ß-fn-tem, {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-tem, A[n-Im-c-Øn-tem, Ah-Im-i-Øn-tem, krjvSn-
bntem, kwlm-c-Øn-tem, \nb-{¥-W-Øn-tem, ssIIm-cy-I¿Ør-Xz-Øn-tem, Adn-hn-
tem, Ign-hntem H∂pw-Xs∂ Ah\v Xpey-\m-bn˛ InS-bm-bn˛ ]¶m-fn-bm-bn˛ H∂p-
an√; Hcm-fp-an-√. AsX, Ah-s\-t∏mse Hcp hkvXp-hp-an-√. Ah-\m-I-s´, F√mw
tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw I≠-dn-bp-∂-h-\p-a-s{X. ( )
Cu kqd-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]cn-ip-≤-Kp-W-ß-fmbn {]kvXm-hn® A©v Imcy-
ßfpw Ah-bn-eS- ß
- nb XXz-km-cß
- fpw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ, Ahn-izm-kn-If - n¬s]´
Hmtcm hn`m-K-°mcpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬s]´ Nne A‘-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw A√m-
lp-hn-s\-∏‰n k¶¬]nt®m hmZnt®m hcp∂ F√m A]-hm-Z-ßƒ°p-ap≈ JWvU-
\-aq-ey-ßƒ AXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂v ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. !á¨dÉÑdG áé◊G ¬∏∏a!
!π° ØdGh áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG!
5468
`mKw 30 ≥∏ØdG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 113 êIzv
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
≥∏ØdG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
113. kqdXp¬êIzv
(a-Zo\x-bn-em-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v)
Cu kqdØn\pw ASpØ kqd-Øn\pw tN¿∂v ¿ÉJPƒ©ŸG (ap-A-∆n-Z-Øm-\n) F∂v

]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. icWw AYhm c£ \¬Ip∂ c≠v kqd-Øp-Iƒ F∂¿∞w. hnhn-
[-X-c-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ sISp-Xn-I-fn¬\n∂v A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw {]m]n-°p-I-bpw,
Ah-t\mSv c£-tX-Sp-Ibpw sNøm≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv c≠v kqd-Øp-I-fpw. c≠v
kqd-Øp-I-fp-sSbpw {]m[m\yw Ipdn-°p∂ ]e lZo-Yp-Ifpw cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw h∂n-
´p-≠v.
dkq¬ Xncp- t a\n ˜ {]kvXm- h n- ® - X mbn DIzv_- Ø p_v\p Ban¿
(`°VQ ` ôeÉY øH áÑ≤oY) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p: "Cu cm{Xn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ Nne Bb-Øp-
Iƒ Xm≥ I≠nt√?! AXp-t]m-se-bp-≈h Xosc ImW-s∏-ń-ń-√. AXm-bXv:
(kq-d-Øp¬ êIzv, kqd-Øp-∂m-kv) F∂n-h.
(A; ap; X; \.) DIzv_-Øp_v\p Bandn (d)¬ \n∂vXs∂ \kmCu (d)-bpsS Hcp
˜
\nth-Z-\-Øn¬ \_n C{]-Imcw ]d-™-Xmbpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. "GsXm-cmƒ°pw
tNmZn-°p-hm\pw c£-tX-Sp-hm\pw Ch-sb-t∏mse as‰m-∂n-√.'
Øn¬.
!1! ]d-bpI:˛ ]pe-cn-bpsS [{]`m-
X-Øns‚] d∫n-t\mSv Rm≥ icWw
tXSp-∂p,˛
!2! Ah≥ krjvSn-®n-´p-≈-h-
bpsS sISp-Xn-bn¬\n∂v;
5469
!3! Ccp- ´ nb cm{Xn aqSn- h - c p-
tºmƒ AXns‚ sISp- X n-
bn¬\n∂pw;
!4! sI´p-I-fn¬ (a-{¥n-®v) DuXp-
∂-h-cpsS sISp-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw;
!5! Akq-b-°m-c≥ Akq-b-s∏-
Sp- t ºmƒ Ahs‚ sISp- X n-
bn¬\n∂pw (i-cWw tXSp-∂p.)
!1! \o ]d-bpI Rm≥ icWw (c-£˛ A`-bw˛ Imh¬) tXSp∂p
d∫n-t\mSv, d∫n¬ ]pe-cn-bp-sS, {]`m-X-Øns‚ !2! bmsXm-∂ns‚
sISp-Xn-bn¬ (tZm-j-Øn¬˛ Xn∑-bn¬) \n∂v Ah≥ krjvSn® !3!
sISp-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw Ccp-ńb cm{Xn-bpsS AXv-aq-Sn-h-cp-tºmƒ, aqSn-bm¬
!4! sISp-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw DuØp-Im-cp-sS, DuØp-Im-cn-I-fpsS (a{¥w
\S-Øp-∂h
- c
- p-sS) - n¬ !5!
sI´p-If sISp-Xn-bn¬ \n∂pw Akqb
sh°p-∂-hs‚ Ah≥ Akq-b-sh-°p-tºmƒ, Akq-b-s∏-´m¬
A√m-lp-hns‚ ]cn-ip≤ KpW-hn-ti-j-ßsf hnh-cn-®p-X-∂p-sIm≠v bYm¿∞hpw

\njvI-f-¶-hp-amb XuloZv (G-I-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kw) kqd-Øp¬ CJvemkzn¬ A√mlp
\sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®p. Xulo-Zn¬ in¿°ns‚ bmsXm-cp-hn[ Ie¿∏pw D≠m-hm≥ ]mSn-
s√-∂pw, F√m Ie¿∏n¬\n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv A√mlp F∂pw, GsX-¶nepw
hnt[\ Hcp hkvXp-hn\v A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ kmZriyw I¬]n-°¬ in¿°m-sW∂pw
AXn¬\n∂v kv]jvS-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. in¿°ns‚ C\-ß-fn¬ {][m-\-am-b-Xpw,
IqSp-X¬ {]Nm-c-Øn-ep-≈Xpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Ign-hnepw A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-Ønepw
A√mlp A√mØ h√- h ¿°pw ]¶m- f nØw I¬]n- ® p- s Im≠v Ah- c n¬\n∂v
im¥nbpw c£bpw tXS-em-Ip-∂p.
Xulo-Zns‚ \ntj-[n-I-fn¬\n∂v am{X-a-√, AXn-s\-°p-dn®v th≠{X a\- n-em-
°m-Ø-h-cn¬\n-∂pw, hnizmkw ASn-bp-d-®n-ń-√m-Ø-h-cn¬\n∂pw CXp-≠m-Ip-∂p.
_mly-amb Imcy-Im-c-W-_-‘-ß-fn-eqsS a‰p h√-h-cnepw A`bw {]m]n-°p-I-tbm,
Ah-tcmSv c£-tX-Sp-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv in¿°m-sW∂v CXn-∂¿∞-an-√. AZr-iyhpw
a\p-jy-km-[m-c-W-a-√m-Ø-Xp-amb am¿K-Øn-eqsS A√mlp A√m-Ø-h-tcmSv c£-
°-t]-£n-°-emWv ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Ign™ kqd-Øn¬ XuloZv hnh-cn-
®-Xn-\p-tijw XpS¿∂p≈ c≠v kqd-Øp-I-fnepw Fß-s\-bm-Wv, Btcm-Sm-Wv, GXv
{]Im-c-Øn-em-Wv, Fs¥√mw Imcy-ß-fn¬\n-∂mWv a\p-jy≥ ic-Whpw c£bpw
tXtS-≠Xv Fs∂ms° \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
(]-d-bpI: Rm≥ ]pe-cn-bpsS d∫n-t\mSv icWw tXSp-∂p)
(^-eIzv) F∂m¬, ]nf¿ØpI F∂mWv AXns‚ km£m¬ A¿∞w. aÆv-]n-f¿Øn
5470
[m\yw apf-∏n-°¬, [m\yw ]nf¿Øn AXns‚ apf-s]m-ń-°¬, `qan ]nf¿Øn Ddhp
]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°¬, K¿`m-ibw ]nf¿Øn inipsh ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°¬ F∂n-h-bn-se√mw
B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. Cu A¿∞-Øn-emWv 95
(\n-›b
- a
- mbpw A√mlp [m\y-sØbpw Ipcp-hn-s\˛ ]cn-∏n-s\-˛bpw ]nf¿Øp-
∂-h-\m-Wv) F∂pw, 96 ({]-`m-XsØ ]nf¿Øn-b-h≥) F∂p-
ap≈ hN-\-ßƒ. kmam-\y-amb Cu A¿∞w kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ H∂v ]nf¿Øn
AXn¬\n∂v as‰m∂v D¤-hn-∏n-°p-∂˛ AYhm krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂˛ d∫n-t\mSv
icWw tXSp∂p F∂m-bn-cn°pw ChnsS hnh£. cm{Xn-bpsS Ccp-´v -]n-f¿∂v
AXn¬\n-∂m-Wt√m {]`m-XØ - ns‚ ]pecn shfn-s∏-Sp-∂X - v. BI-bm¬ "]pecn' As√-
¶n¬ "{]`mXw' F∂ A¿∞-Ønepw B hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu A¿∞-
amWv ap^- n-dp-Iƒ GXm\pw ChnsS kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-`m-j-bn¬ \mapw
AXp-Xs∂ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. "êIzv' ambn A¿∞-km-ay-ap-≈ as‰mcp hm°mWv
"^Pv¿' ( ) "{]`mXw' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ D]-tbm-K-Øn-ep-≈Xv AXm-
Wv. ChnsS "êIzv' sIm≠p≈ hnh£ c≠n¬ GXm-bmepw icn, AXns‚
I¿Ømhv temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-X-s∂-bm-W-t√m. At∏mƒ, ic-Whpw
c£bpw tXSp-∂Xv Ah-t\m-Sm-bn-cn-°-Ww, a‰m-cn¬\n∂pw Bh-cpXv, Ah-¶¬\nt∂
AXv e`n- ° p- I - b p≈q Fs∂√mw AXn¬ \n∂v kn≤n- ° p- ∂ p.
(A-hs\ IqSmsX bmsXmcp c£m-h-ew-_hpw
\n\°v In´p-∂tX A√.) GsX√mw Imcy-ß-fn¬\n-∂mWv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv icWw
tXtS-≠-sX∂v XpS¿∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]d-bp∂p:˛
1. (A-h≥ krjvSn-®n-´p-≈-h-bpsS sISp-X-en¬\n-∂v). A√mlp
A√mØ F√m hkvXp-°fpw Ahs‚ krjvSn-X-s∂. F√mw Hmtcm Xc-Øn-ep≈
\∑-°p-th≠n krjvSn-°-s∏-´-h-bp-amWv. ]t£, Fs¥-¶nepw Imc-W-h-im¬ Ah-
aqew Nne-t∏mƒ \mi-\j - vShpw B]Øpw kw`-hn-t®-°pw. a\p-jy-Po-hn-XØ- n\v AXy-
¥m-t]-£n-X-amb hmbp, sh≈w, `£-Ww, Xo BZn-bm-b-h-sIm-≠p-t]mepw a\p-
jy\v Nne-t∏mƒ B]Øv t\cn-Sm-dp-s≠∂v ]d-tb-≠X - n-√. Imc-Ww Nne-t∏mƒ \ap°v
APvRm-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. Nne-t∏mƒ, kz¥w ssI°p-Xs∂ h∂ ]mI-∏n-g-hm-bn-cn-°pw,
As√-¶n¬ A\ycpsS Imc-W-Øm-em-bn-cn°pw F∂v am{Xw. hfsc D]-Im-c-ap≈
Ccp-ºp-sIm≠v Fs¥√mw A\¿∞-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p∂p? F{Xtbm hºn® Hcp
A\p-{K-l-as{X tIhew \n m-c-h-kvXp-hm-b-t]-\. AXpsIm-s≠-gp-Xnb Hcp hm°p-
aqew Nne-t∏mƒ alm hn]-Øn-∂n-S-bm-tb-°p-a-t√m. th≠m, Hcp hm°v, Hcp t\m´w,
Hcp hnc¬Nq-≠¬ Ch-sb-√mw-X-s∂, hºn® B]-Øp-Iƒ hen-®n-Sp-∂-h-bm-bn-
Øo¿t∂-°pw.
a\p-jy-kz-`m-hß
- ƒ, NqSpw XWp-∏pw-t]m-se-bp≈ {]Ir-Xn-am-‰ß
- ƒ, hoSv, hml\w
XpS-ßnb D]-I-c-W-ßƒ BZn-bm-b-h-sbm-∂pw-Xs∂ CXn¬\n-s∂m-gn-h√. ]nim-Nv,
ZpjvS-P-¥p-°ƒ, tcmK-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS Imcyw ]d-tb-≠-Xp-an-√. Cß-s\-bp≈
IW-°‰ tZmj-ß-fn¬ Nne-sX√mw a\p-jys‚ ap≥I-cp-X¬sIm-t≠m, {]Xn-tcm-[-
\-S-]-Sn-sImt≠m Hgn-hm-sb∂v hcmw. Ign-bp-∂{X kq£vaX D≠m-bn-cn-°¬ Bh-
iy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXpw ê-{]-Z-ambnØocp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-b-tØmsS
5471
am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. an°-Xn¬\n∂pw c£ e`n-°p-∂X - n¬ a\p-jy¿t°m a‰v h√h¿t°m
Hcp ]¶pw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bp-an-√. C{Xbpw ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂v Cu hmIy-Øns‚ ssh]p-
˜
eyhpw {]m[m-\yhpw Duln-°m-a-t√m. \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS lZo-Yp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-
[n-®m¬ Cu hkvXpX IqSp-X¬ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
A_q-k-Cu-Zn¬ JpZvcn (d) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: "Hcp ]pXnb hkv{Xw FSp-°p-
˜
tºmƒ \_n AXn\v Hcp t]cp-sh-°pw. F∂n´v Cßs\ ]dbpw: ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
¬d ™æ°U Éeô°Th √ô°T øe ∂H PƒYGh ¬d ™æ°U Ée ÒNh √ÒN ∂dCÉ°SG ≈æJƒ°ùc Éªc kmcw: "A√m-lp-th, \o
F\n°v CXv [cn-°p-hm≥ X∂-Xp-t]m-se, \n\-°mWv kvXpXn! CXns‚ KpWhpw
GsXm-∂n-∂mbn CXv \n¿an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂pthm AXns‚ KpWhpw Rm≥ \nt∂mSv
tNmZn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ sISp-X-en¬\n-∂pw, CXv GsXm-∂n-∂mbn \n¿an-°-s∏-ń-cn-
°p-∂pthm AXns‚ sISp-X-en¬\n∂pw Rm≥ \nt∂mSv c£ tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p.' (Zm; Xn.)
Ahn-izm-kw, I]-S-hn-izm-kw, Zmcn{Zyw, A]-am-\w, D]-Imcw sNømØ Adn-hv,
kzoIm-cy-a-√mØ I¿aw, DØcw In´mØ {]m¿∞-\, `b-`-‡n-bn-√mØ lrZ-bw,
Xr]vXn-h-cmØ a\- v, Zp¿_-e-X, ep_v[-X, òcp-Xzw, aSn, Aip-`-I-c-amb ]cy-h-km-
\w, hm¿≤-Iy-£o-Ww, i{Xp-°-fpsS kt¥mjw, ZpxJw, hyk-\w, [\w-sIm-≠p≈
B]-Øv, h©-\, Akq-b, ItÆdv (I-cn-¶-Æv), Pohn-X-Ønse ]co-£-W-ßƒ, alm-
tcm-K-ßƒ F∂n-ßs\ At\-I-a-t\Iw Imcy-ß-fn¬\n∂v \_n ˜ A√m-lp-hn¬
icWw tXSn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ ImWmw. A√mlp krjvSn-®-h-bpsS sISp-
X-ep-I( )-fn¬\n∂v icWwtXSpI F∂-Xns‚ hym]vXn-bpw, DZm-lc - W
- ß
- fpw
CXn¬\n-s∂√mw hy‡-am-Wv. Nne lZoYv {KŸ-ß-fn¬ CØcw {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°v
{]tXyIw A≤ym-b-ßƒ (äGPÉ©à°S’G ÜÉH)-X-s∂ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-Wmw. kXy-hn-izmkn
AsX√mw Adn-bp-Ibpw amXrIbm°p-Ibpw sNø¬ AXym-h-iy-a-s{X. s]mXp-hmb
sISp-Xe - p-If
- n¬\n∂v icWw tNmZn-°p-∂X - n-s\-∏‰n BZyw {]kvXm-hn-®t- ijw {][m-
\-s∏´ Nne {]tXyI sISp-X-ep-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂p:˛
2. (C-cp-ńb cm{Xn aqSn-h-cp-tºm-gsØ sISp-X-en¬\n-∂pw).
B]-Øp-Iƒ kw`-hn-°p-hm-\p≈ km[yX ]I-en-s\-°mƒ cm{Xn IqSp-X-em-W-t√m.
]I¬ ka-bØv FhnsS t]mIp-hm\pw `b-an-√m-Ø-h¿°p-t]mepw cm{Xn ]pd-Øn-
dßn hnl-cn-°p-hm≥ t]Sn-tXm-∂pw. "F\n-s°mcp t]Sn-bp-an√' F∂v Zpc-`n-am-\n-®p-
sIm≠v shfn-®tam a‰v ap≥I-cp-X-ep-Itfm C√msX cm{Xn-bn¬ k©-cn-°p∂
]e¿°pw A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb B]-Øp-Iƒ Hm¿°m-∏p-dØv t\cn-Sp-∂Xpw Zp¿√-`-a-
√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ B t]Sn-bn-√mbva [oc-X-b-√. Xt‚-S-an-√m-bvabpw t`mj-Ø-hp-am-
Ip-∂p. cm{Xn-bpsS am{X-a-√, Cu kqd-Ønepw ASpØ kqd-Øn-ep-ambn Hmtcm-∂n-
\mepw D≠m-tb-°m-hp∂ `hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ-˛ Ah ùXn-I-tam, [m¿an-Itam Bh-s´˛
hºn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v a\- n-em-°mw. A⁄m-X-hpw, A{]-£o-X-hp-amb am¿K-ß-
fn¬Iq-Sn-bpw, km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ B]¬i-¶-°nS-an-√mØ am¿K-ß-fn¬Iq-Snbpw
B]-Øp-Iƒ t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \mw kZm PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂pw,
AXn¬\n∂v c£-°mbn A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw
CXn¬\n∂v \mw Hm¿an-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
3. (sI-´p-I-fn¬ a{¥n®v DuXp-∂-h-cpsS sISp-X-en¬
5472
\n∂pw) a{¥-hmZw \S-Øp-∂-h-cpw, "knlv¿' (am-c-Ww, Pme-hnZy apX-em-b-h) \S-
Øp-∂-h-cp-amWv sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h-sc-s°m≠v Dt±-iyw. åØnf (\-^vYv) F∂ aqe-
]-Z-Øn¬\n-∂p-≈-XmWv äÉKÉØf F∂ hm°v. A¬]w Xp∏p-\o¿ sXdn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈
DuØn-\mWv AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. (*) CXv a{¥-X-{¥-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂-h-cpsS
]Xn-hm-Wv. \qentem Ib-dns‚ IjvW-Øntem sI´p-I-fp-≠m°n AXn¬ DuXepw
AØ-c-°m¿ sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv an° -ap-^- n-dp-I-fpw˛ ap≥Km-an-Iƒ hnti-
jn-®pw˛ Aßs\ hnh£ \¬Ip-hm≥ Imc-Ww. a{¥-°mcpw "knlvdp'Imcpw hcp-
Øn-Øo¿°p∂ hn\-Iƒ `b-¶-c-hpw, Zp¿{Kmlyhp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv
A√mlp AXv {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™-Xv.
"sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h¿' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw ]pcp-j≥am-cpsS at\m
ZrV-Xsb GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ ab-°p-{]-tbm-Kß - ƒ hgn am‰n-ad
- n-°p∂ kv{XoI-
fm-sW∂pw Hcp A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. A_q-apkvenan-s‚-Xmb Cu A`n-{]mbw D≤-cn-®p-
sIm≠v Camw dmko (d) Cßs\ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°-fn¬
A[n-I-`m-Khpw ]d-™-Xn\v FXn-cn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ CsXmcp \√ A`n-{]mbw
Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.' äÉKÉØf F∂ ]Zw kv{Xoenw-K-cq-]-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-I-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw
AXn\v kv{XoIsf am{Xw _m[n-°p∂ Cu hnh£ A_q-apkvenw \¬Inb-Xv.
A√m-lp-hn-\d - n-bmw. hmkvXh
- Ø - n¬, kv{Xoenw-Kc
- q-]Ø- n-ep≈ B ]Zw-sIm≠v hnti-
jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv hymI-cW \nb-a-{]-Imcw bYm¿∞ kv{XoIƒXs∂ Bbn-s°m-
≈-W-sa-∂n√ DuØp-Im-cmb Bflm°ƒ Ft∂m, tZl-ßƒ Ft∂m, hn`mK°m¿
Ft∂m (Égƒëfh äÉYÉª÷G hG ¢SƒØædG) I¬]n-®m¬ [mcmfw aXn-bm-Ipw. CXmWv Izp¿-B≥
hymJym-Xm-°ƒ kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xpw. sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXpI F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±iyw
F¥m-bn-cp-∂m-epw icn, B {]hrØn \S-Øp∂ F√m-h-cpw˛ ]pcp-jt\m kv{Xotbm
Bh-s´˛ AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂p-sh-°p-∂-XmWv \ymbhpw bp‡-hpw.
GjWn {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp∂ Bfp-I-fmWv sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h-sc-
s°m≠v hnh£ F∂vth-sdbpw Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v. CXv ]n≥Km-an-I-fmb Nne hymJym-
Xm-°ƒ kzoI-cn-®-Xm-Wv. ]pcp-j≥amsc ab°n hio-I-cn-°p∂ kv{XoI-fpw, Gj-
Wn-°mcpw hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p∂ B]-Øp-Iƒ hºn-®Xpw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv icWw
tXS-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-am-sW-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ]t£, A√mlp D]-tbm-Kn® hm°ns‚
icn-bmb A¿∞w t\m°p-tºmƒ `qcn-]£w ap^- n-dp-Ifpw tbmPn-°p∂ H∂m-
asØ A`n-{]m-b-amWv IqSp-X¬ icn-bm-bn-tØm-∂p-∂-Xv. apPm-ln-Zv, CIvcn-ax, lk≥,
IzØmZx, Zzlvlm°v (d) apX-em-b-h¿ kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≈Xpw AXp-X-s∂. HSp-hn-esØ
c≠-`n-{]m-b-ßfpw B hm°v Hcp Ae-¶mc {]tbm-K-am-sW-∂p≈ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-
emWv. km£m¬ A¿∞w I¬]n-°p-∂-Xn\v XS- -an-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ Ae-¶m-cm¿∞w
kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v \ymbo-I-c-W-an-√.
knlvdp-Im-sc-s°m≠pw a{¥-hm-Z-°m-sc-s°m-≠p-ap-≠m-Ip∂ tZmj-ß-fpw, Ah¿
\S-Øp∂ ss]im-NnI {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw A[nIw hnkvX-cn®v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. tcmKw
am‰p-hm≥, `mKyw kn≤n-°p-hm≥, A\y\v B]-Øp-t\-cn-Sp-hm≥, XΩn¬ ]nW-°-ap-
:¢SƒeÉ≤dG ‘ ∫Ébh .√~≤Y ≈a åØæj ¿GôMÉ°ùdGh »bGôdG åØfh πØàdG øe πbG ƒgh ≥jôdG ±òb åØædG :äGOôØŸG ‘ ∫Éb (@@)
¬H ≈eQ ¬«a øe ¥É°üÑdG åØf ~éæŸG ‘ ∫Ébh .ôMGƒ°ùdG ~≤©dG ≈a äÉKÉØædGh :∫Ébh πØàdG øe πbCG ïØædÉc ƒg åØædG
:√ôë°S ÉfÓa åØJ ∫Ébh
5473
≠m-°p-hm≥˛ Aßs\ ]e-Xns‚ t]cn-epw˛ tlmaw, P]w, ap´-dp-°¬, Ddp-°v, a{¥w,
tPm¬kyw F∂n-ßs\ ]eXpw \SØn Ah¿ P\-ßsf NqjWw sNøp∂p.
"AkvamCs‚ ]Wn-°m¿', "Xz¬k-am-Øp-Im¿' F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff Ad-_n-t∏-cp-I-
fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂h¿ Xs∂. Ch¿ Xß-fpsS a{¥ X{¥-
ß-fn¬ Nne Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw ZnIvdp-Iƒ apX-em-b-hbpw Iqń-°-e¿Øp-∂-Xp-
sIm≠v CXn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-Ip-∂-X-√. thW-sa-¶n¬, Cu kqd-Øp-X-s∂bpw HmXn-
s°m≠v sI´p-I-fn¬ a{¥n-°p∂ Ah-cpsS sISp-X-en¬\n-∂p-X-s∂˛ Ah-c-dn-bm-
sX˛ Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw tXSn-sb-∂p-h-t∂-°pw. A√m-lp-hns\ hnfn®p
{]m¿∞n-°p∂ AtX cq]-Øn¬Xs∂ Ah¿°v-t]mepw A⁄m-X-amb GtXm Nne-
t]-cp-Iƒ hnfn®p {]m¿∞n-°-epw, A¿∞w {Kmly-a-√mØ hm°p-Iƒ Dcp-hn-Sepw
Ah-cpsS ]Xn-hm-Wv. ]nim-Nns\ tkhn-°p-Ibpw ]qPn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Nne
apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS ]qPm-I¿a-ß-fn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ
kqd-Øp-bm-ko≥ t]mse-bp≈ Izp¿-Bs‚ `mK-ßfpw XuloZns‚ Ien-axbpw a‰pw
Dcp-hn-s´∂pw hcpw. ]ma-c≥amsc h©n-°p-hm≥ th≠n ]nimNv Bkq-{XWw
sNøp∂ AXn-k-a¿∞-amb ]In´p hnZy-I-fs{X CsX-√mw.
Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw \n¿t±-in®pw A\p-h-Zn®pw
X∂n-ń-√mØ F√m a{¥ X{¥-ßfpw sX‰m-b-Xpw, Ah-aqew G¿s∏-Sm-hp∂ sISp-
Xn-Iƒ hfsc hºn-®-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. Ckveman¬ a{¥-ta-bn-√, F√m a{¥hpw A‘-hn-
izm-k-Øn¬\n∂v DS-se-Sp-Ø-XmWv F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Nne Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-scbpw
A`n-{]m-b-°m-scbpw C∂v ImWmw. CXpw XnI®pw sX‰mb Hcp hmZ-a-s{X. Xmsg
D≤-cn-°p∂ lZo-Yp-If - n¬\n∂pw a‰pw a{¥sØ kw_-‘n®v Ckvemanse bYm¿∞
hn[n Fs¥∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
knlvdn\v bmYm¿∞y-an-√, KpW-am-tbm tZmj-amtbm D≈ GsX-¶nepw ê-ap-
≠m-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ Hcp knlvdp-an-√, tIhew a\p-jysc ]In-´m-°p∂ Nne sN∏-
Sn-hn-Zy-Iƒ°v am{X-ap≈ t]cmWv knlv¿ F∂n-ßs\ Nne A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ apºpw
Ct∏m-gp-ap-≠v. apAvXknex hn`m-K-°m-cn¬\n-∂mWv CXns‚ D¬`-hw. hni-Zmw-i-ß-
fn¬ Ipd-s®ms° kXy-ap-s≠-¶nepw samØ-Øn¬ Cu A`n-{]mbw Izp¿-B-\nepw
\_n-h-N-\-ßƒ°pw FXn-cm-Ip-∂p. Cu A`n-{]m-b-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-emWv "sI´p-
I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h¿' (~≤©dG ≈a äÉKÉØædG) F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ Gj-Wn-°m-cm-sW-∂pw, ]pcp-
j-∑msc ab-°p∂ kv{XoI-fm-sW∂pw apI-fn-ep-≤-cn® hymJym-\-ßƒ hmkvX-h-
Øn¬ DS-se-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-s\-∏-ddn ChnsS IqSp-X¬ kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ Dt±-
in-°p-∂n-√. a¿lpw A√mam køn-ZvIzpXzv_ns‚ Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-sIm≠v X¬°mew
aXn-bm°mw. AXn-ßs\ kw{K-ln-°m-hp-∂-XmWv:-
"sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h¿ F∂p-sh-®m¬, _mtly-{µn-b-ß-sf-bpw, B¥-tc-{µn-b-
ß-sfbpw I_-fn-∏n-°p-I-hgn D]-{Zh {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp∂ knlvdp-Im-cm-Ip-
∂p. h√ \qentem Ddp-am-entem sIń-´p-sIm≠v Ah¿ AXn¬ DuXp-∂X - mWv. hkvXp-
°-fpsS {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-∂t- Xm, ]pXnb GsX-¶nepw bmYm¿∞yw krjvSn-
°p-∂tXm A√ knlv¿. ]t£, a\p-jys‚ C{µnb i‡n-Isf knlvdns‚ I¿Ømhv
˜
Dt±-in-°p∂ {]Im-c-Øn¬ I_-fn-∏n-t®-°pw. CXmWv aqkm \_n -bpsS IY-bn¬
Izp¿-B≥ hnh-cn® knlv¿. knlvdp-Im-cpsS Ib-dp-Ifpw hSn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS knlv¿
\nanØw HmSp-∂-Xmbn At±-l-Øn\v tXm∂n-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, AXn-\m¬ At±-
5474
l-Øn\v a\- n¬ `bw tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, "`b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√˛ Xm≥X-s∂-bmWv
D∂-X≥' F∂v A√mlp ]d-™p-sh∂pw kqdØv Xzmlm-bn¬ A√mlp {]kvXm-
hn-®n-´p≠t√m. At∏mƒ, Ah-cpsS Ibdpw hSn-bp-sam∂pw k¿∏-ambn amdn-bn-ń-√,
˜
aqkm \_n °pw P\-ßƒ°pw Aßs\ tXm∂p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv F∂v hy‡-
am-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n\v A√mlp ssÿcyw \¬In-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn `bw \oßn.
]n∂oSv bYm¿∞w Xpd-∂p-Im-Wp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXmWv knlvdns‚ kz`m-h-{]-Ir-
Xn, CXv \mw kΩ-Xn®v kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CX-\p-k-cn®v knlv¿ a\p-jy-cn¬
Nne am‰-ap-≠m-°p-Ib
- pw, knlvdp-Im-cs‚ lnX-{]-Im-ca
- p≈ Nne am‰-ßƒ a\p-jys‚
C{µnb i‡n-I-fn¬ Ah≥ Df-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv icWw
tXtS-≠p∂ sISp-X¬X-s∂-bm-Wn-Xv. knlvdns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw \ap°v Cu
AXn¿Øn-bn¬ \ne-bp-d-∏n-°p-I.' (¿CGô≤dG ∫ÓX ‘)
hkvXp-°-fpsS {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-I-tbm, ]pXnb hkvXp-°ƒ°v
bmYm¿∞yw \¬Ip-Itbm knlv¿sIm≠v km[y-a-√. F¶nepw a\p-jys‚ a\- n-
epw, ImgvN, tIƒhn apX-em-b-h-bnepw h©-\m-]-c-amb am‰-ap-≠m°n D]-{Zhw
sNøm≥ knlv¿ Imc-W-am-sW-∂s{X Cu D≤-c-Wn-bpsS Npcp-°w. P\-ßƒ°n-S-
bn¬ ]nW°hpw hg°pw D≠m-°p-I, Nne a\p-jy-]n-im-Np-°f - n¬ Znhy-Xzhpw Akm-
[m-c-W-amb Ignhpw D≈-Xmbn sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°pI apX-emb ]e \mi-ßfpw AXp-
sIm-≠p-≠m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. C{µ-Pm-ew, B`n-Nm-cw, amb-hn-Zy, Pmew, I¨sI-´v, sN∏-
Sn-hnZy Fs∂ms° ]d-bp-∂Xv knlvdns‚ C\-ß-fn¬ s]´-X-s{X. a\p-jys\ arK-
am-°p-I, I√v kz¿W-am°n am‰pI t]mep≈ Ign-hp-Iƒ knlvdn-\p-s≠∂ [mcW
XnI®pw auVyhpw ASn-ÿm-\-an-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. ]t£, AXp-sIm≠v knlvdns‚
F√m C\-ß-sf-bpw, Ah-aqew Fs¥-¶nepw tZmjw kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw \ntj-
[n-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. t\sc-a-dn®v knlvdns‚ C\-Øn¬ s]´-Xmbn Adn-b-s∏-
Sp∂Xnsem-∂pw-Xs∂ Hcp bmYm¿∞y-hp-an-s√∂ [mc-Wbpw icn-b-√. CXmWv
hmkvX-hw.
4. (A-kq-b-°m-c≥ Akq-b-sh-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ sISp-
Xn-bn¬\n-∂pw) a‰p-≈h- ¿°v h√ \∑bpw ssIh-cp-∂X - n-ep≈ AXr-]vXn-bmWv Akq-
b. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \∑-aqew X\n-s°m∂pw \jvS-s∏-Sm-\n-s√-¶nepw Akq-b-°m-c\v
AXv kln-°p-hm≥ km[n-°-bn-√. Aß-s\, Ah≥ Ah¿°v Xpc-¶w-sh-°p-hm-\pw,
Ahsc A_-≤-Øn¬ NmSn-°p-hm\pw X∂m-em-Ip∂ IpX-{¥-ßfpw {ia-ßfpw \S-
Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. ka-\n-e-°m-sc∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ XΩn-emWv Akq-b°v IqSp-
X¬ ÿm\-ap-≠m-Ip-I. km[m-c-W-°msc At]-£n®v tbmKy-Xbpw ÿm\-am-\hp-
ap-≈-h¿°n-S-bnepw IqSp-X-em-bn-°m-Wmw. ùXnI \∑-I-fn¬ am{X-a-√, aX-]-chpw
]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb Imcy-ß-fnepw Akqb D≠m-Im-dp-≠v. hy‡n-Iƒ XΩn-se-∂-t]m-
se, kaq-l-ßfpw kap-Zm-b-ßfpw cmjv{S-ßfpw XΩnepw Akqb ]nSn-s]-Spw.
bqkp^v \_n (A)-bpsS ktlm-Z-c≥am¿ At±-lsØ InW-‰n-en-´-Xpw, Hcp \o≠-
Imew A£-a-tbmsS Xßƒ ImØp-sIm-≠n-cp∂ {]hm-N-I≥ {]Xy-£-s∏-´-t∏mƒ
At±lw Ad-_n-I-fn¬s]´ Bfm-I-sIm≠v thZ-°m¿ Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°-fmbn
amdn-bXpw Akq-b-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cn-s°, Akq-b-\n-anØw t\cn-Sp∂ B]-
Øp-Iƒ AXn-`-b-¶-c-am-sW∂v Duln-°m-a-t√m.
dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ˜ Ncaw {]m]n® tcmK-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v CJvemkzv, ê-Izv,
5475
\mkv F∂o aq∂v kqd-ØpIƒ (äGPƒ©ŸG) HmXn tZl-Øn¬ DuXn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw,
tcmKw i‡n-bm-b-t∏mƒ Xm≥ Ah HmXn Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Iøn¬ DuXn B
ssIsIm≠v XS-hn-s°m-Sp-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn
_pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tcmKn-Isf Cu kqd-ØpIƒ
HmXn a{¥n-°m-sa∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. A\p-h-Z-\o-b-sa-∂pw, A\p-h-Z-\o-b-
a-√m-Ø-sX∂pw hyXymkw ImWm-sX, Ckveman¬ a{¥-Øn\v ÿm\ta Cs√∂v
Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-≈Xv icn-b-s√∂v Cu lZoYpw, CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ a‰v ]e lZo-Yp-
Ifpw kwi-b-Øn-∂n-S-an-√m-Ø-hn[w kv]jvS-am-°p-∂p. lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n-´p≈ a{¥-
ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬, Ah-sb√mw tIhew A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\-I-fm-
sW∂v ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
BCimx (d)-bpsS Cu lZo-Yns‚ hymJym-\-th-f-bn¬ _pJm-cn-bpsS hymJym-
Xm-hmb Camw AkvIz-em\o (d) sNbvX Hcp {]kvXm-h\ Adn-bp-∂Xv ChnsS
{]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. At±lw B {]kvXm-h\ Cßs\ Bcw-`n-°p∂p: "Xn¿a-
Zo-bpw, \km-Cubpw (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p: "apA-∆n-ZmØv' kq: CJvemkzpw
ê-Izpw, \mkpw) Ah-X-cn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc \_n ˜ Pn∂p-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, a\p-jys‚
ItÆ-dn¬\n∂pw (A-√mlphnt\m-Sv) icWw tXSm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv Ah (B
kqd-Øp-Iƒ) kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈h (a‰p hmN-I-ß-fn-ep-≈ icWw tXS¬)
hn´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.' A\-¥cw AkvIz-em\o (d) Cßs\ XpS-cp-∂p:˛
"a‰p-ff "XA-∆pZp' (i-cWw tXS¬)Isfm∂pw ]mSn-s√∂v Cu lZo-Yp-sIm≠v
hcp-∂n-√. ]t£, Ch-sIm-≠p≈ tX´-amWv IqSp-X¬ \√-Xv. Ch-b-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-
≠p≈ icWw tXS¬ D≠m-bn-´p-≠vXm-\pw, F√m-hn[ sISp-Xn-If - n¬\n-∂p-ap≈ c£-
tX-S¬ samØ-Ønepw hni-Z-cq-]-Ønepw Cu c≠v kqd-Øp-I-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-
∂-XmWv Xncp-ta\n Ah-sIm≠v aXn-bm-°p-hm≥ Imc-Ww. aq∂v \n_-‘-\-Iƒ HØp-
h-∂m¬ a{¥-ßƒ°v hntcm-[-an-s√-∂p-≈-Xn¬ ]WvUn-X≥am¿ tbmPn-®n-cn-°p∂p:
(1) A√m-lp-hns‚ hmIy-tam, Ahs‚ \ma-ßt- fm, Ahs‚ KpW-hn-ti-jW - ß- tfm
sIm≠m-bn-cn-°p-I.
(2) Ad-_n-`m-j-bntem A¿∞w Adn-bm-hp∂ a‰v `mj-bntem Bbn-cn-°p-I.
(3) êw sNøp-hm≥ a{¥-Øn\v kzbw i‡n-bn-√, A√mlp am{X-amWv êw
\¬Ip-∂-h≥ F∂ hnizmkw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I.' (^-Øvlp¬_m-co.)
a{¥-ßƒ Ad-_n-bntem A¿∞w Adn-bm-hp∂ `mj-bntem Bbn-cn-°-W-sa∂v
AkvIz-em\o (d) ]d-™p-h-t√m. Ad_n `mj Adn-bm-Ø-hsc kw_-‘n®v a{¥w
Ad-_n-bn-em-bm¬ aXn F∂v CXn-\¿∞-am-°n-°q-Sm, Ad-_n-Isf kw_-‘n-®mWv
At±lw Aßs\ ]d-™X - v. Ad-_n-Iƒ°v B `mj Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°b- n-√t- √m. ]t£,
a{¥n-°p∂ hmIy-ßƒ Izp¿-B-\ntem lZo-Yntem D≈XmsW-¶n¬ A¿∞w Adn-
bm-Ø-h¿°pw AXv D]-tbm-K-Øn\v hntcm-[-an-√. F¶nepw icn-bmb êw e`n-°p-
hm≥ A¿∞w Adn-™n-cn-°¬ Bh-iy-amWv Xm\pw. a{¥-ßƒ A¿∞w Adn-bp-
∂-tXm, Izp¿-B-\ntem lZo-Yntem h∂tXm Bbn-cn-°-W-sa∂v \n_-‘\ D≠m-
hm≥ {][m\ ImcWw km[m-cW a{¥-ß-fn¬ Ip‰-I-ctam A\nkveman-Itam Bb
`mK-ß-fp-≠m-Im-dp-s≠-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. AYhm Cs√-∂p-h-∂m¬t]m-epw, A¿∞w
AdnbmØ hm°p-Iƒ Dcp-hn-Sp-∂-Xn¬ F¥mWv {]tbm-P-\-ap-≈Xv?! AkvIz-em\o
5476
(d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se, kq: ê-Iznepw \mknepw D≈-X-√msX a‰v hmN-I-
ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn®p icWw tXSp-I-tbm, a{¥n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-s√-
∂pw, hntcm-[n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv GXp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ a{¥-ß-fm-sW∂pw Xmsg D≤-
cn-°p∂ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-XmWv;˛
Hu^p-_v\p-am-en°v(d) (≈°VQ ` ∂dÉe øH ±ƒY) {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p; Rßƒ "Pmln-en-
øØn'¬ (Ckveman\v apºv) a{¥w \S-Øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rßƒ dkq¬ Xncp-
˜
ta\n tbmSv AXn-s\-∏‰n Ahn-Sp∂v F¥mWv A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂v tNmZn-
°-bp-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ Ahn-Sp∂v ]d™p: "\nß-fpsS a{¥w F\n°v Imń-Ø-cp-
hn≥, (Rm≥ H∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°-s´,) a{¥-Øn¬ in¿s°m∂pan-s√-¶n¬ AXn\v Xc-
t°-Sn-√.' (ap.) Ckveman\v apºp-≠m-bn-cp∂ a{¥-ßƒ in¿°v Ie¿∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-
sIm-≠mWv \_n ˜ Aßs\ ]d-™-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv as‰mcp lZo-
Yn¬ Xncp-ta\n Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw: "\n›-b-am-bpw, a{¥-hm-Z-ß-fpw,
"Xao-aØp'Ifpw "Xnh-eØpw' in¿°m-Ip∂p' (Zm; P; lm.) Imh-en\pw c£°pw
th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Ddp-°v, IhNw apX-em-bh
- b
- mWv "Xao-aØpw Xnh-eØpw'
( ºFÉªàdGh ádƒàdG) CXns‚ apºp≤cn® lZo-Ynepw a‰pw A\p-h-Zn-®-X-√mØ F√m-Xcw
a{¥-ß-fpw, Ddp-°v, Ih-Nw, sF°¬ apX-emb F√m ic-W-h-Ip-∏p-Ifpw A\p-h-Z-
\o-b-a-√m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v Cu lZo-Yn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°m-a-t√m.
lk≥ (d), lpssk≥ (d) F∂n-h¿°p-th≠n \_n ˜
C{]-Imcw icWw tXSn-
bn-cp-∂-Xmbn C_v\p A∫mkv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p:
(kmcw: F√m ]nim-Nn¬\n-∂pw, F√m hnj-P-
¥p-°-fn¬ \n∂pw ZpjvS-°-Æp-I-fn¬\n∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]cn-]q¿W hN-\-ßƒ
aptJ\ Rm≥ \nßƒ°v icWw tXSp-∂p.) F∂n´v Xncp-ta\n Cßs\ ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp∂p: \nß-fpsS ]nXmhv (C-_vdmlow \_n ˛Xs‚ a°-fm-b) CkvamCu-
en\pw Ckvlm-Izn\pw ΩÓ°ùdG º¡«∏Y C{]-Imcw icWw tXSn-bn-cp-∂p. (_p-Jm-cn) , \_n
˜
Xncp-ta\n tcmKn-Isf a{¥n-®n-cp∂ Hcp {]m¿∞\ CXm-Wv.
(kmcw: A√m-lp-th, a\p-jy-cpsS dt∫! hnjaw \o°n-Ø-tc-Wta; Chs\ kpJ-

s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thW-ta. \obmWv kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h≥. \o \¬Ip∂ kpJ-a-√msX
kpJ-an-√. bmsXmcp tcmKhpw Ah-ti-jn-°m-Ø-hÆw kpJw \¬I-tW. (_p; ap)
amXr-I-°p-th≠n am{Xw D≤-cn® Cu \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a{¥-sØ-bpw, icWw
tXSp-∂X- n-s\bpw kw_-‘n®v Ckvemans‚ \ne-]mSv F¥m-sW∂v Gsd-°psd F√m-
h¿°pw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ≥«aƒàdG ¤h ¬∏dGh
Éæe ¬H º∏YG âfG ô°T πc øeh â≤∏N Éeô°T øe ÉfòYG º¡∏dG

áæŸGh ~ª◊G ∂dh ÉæHQ
5477
`mKw 30 ¢SÉqædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 114 \mkv
5478
!""#"#"#"#"##
"!
!"
¢SÉqædG IQƒ°S
!""#"#"#"#"##
114. kqdXp∂mkv
(a-Zo\x-bn-em-sW∂pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-≠v)
Ign™ kqd-Øns‚ {]mcw-`-Ønepw hnh-c-W-Ønepw Cu c≠v kqd-Øp-I-sfbpw
kw_-‘n®v D≤-cn® lZo-Yp-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿an-°p-I.
]c-aI
- m-cp-Wn-I\
- pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-
!1! ]d-bpI: a\p-jy-cpsS d∫n-
t\mSv Rm≥ icWw tXSp-∂p,˛
!2! (A-sX) a\p-jy-cpsS cmPm-
[n-]-Xn-bm-b,˛
!3! a\p-jy-cpsS Bcm-[y-\mb
(d-∫n-t\m-Sv),˛
!4! (Ip-kr-Xn-Iq-ń) ]n≥am-dn-°-
f-bp-∂-hs‚ Zp¿a-{¥-Øns‚ sISp-
Xn-bn¬\n-∂v,˛
!5! AXm-bX- v, a\p-jy-cpsS lrZ-

b-ß-fn¬ Zp¿a{¥w \S-Øp-∂-h≥,˛
!6! Pn∂p-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, a\p-jy-

cn¬\n∂pw (Zp¿a{¥w \S- Ø p- ∂ -
h≥).
5479
!1! \o ]d-bpI Rm≥ ic-Ww(-c-£-˛-A-`-bw) tXSp∂p a\p-
jy-cpsS c£n-Xm-hn-t\mSv !2! a\p-jy-cpsS cmPm-hmb !3! a\p-
jy-cpsS Cem-lmb (B-cm-[y-\m-b) !4! sISp-X-en¬ (tZm-j-Øn¬˛ Xn∑-
bn¬)-\n∂v Zp¿a-{¥-Øns‚ ]n≥am-dn-°-f-bp∂ (H-fn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂)-
hs‚ !5! Zp¿a{¥w \S-Øp-∂-h≥ s\™v (lr-Z-bw)-I-fn¬
a\p-jy-cpsS !6! Pn∂p-I-fn¬\n∂v a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw
[Pn∂p-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, a\p-jy-cn¬\n-∂p-ambn a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ Zp¿a{¥w \S-
Øp-∂-h-s‚˛ AXm-bXv (Ip-krXn \S-Øn) ]n≥am-dn-°-f-bp-∂-h-s‚˛ Zp¿a-{¥-Øns‚
sISp-Xn-bn¬\n∂v a\p-jy-cpsS Bcm-[y-\m-b, a\p-jy-cpsS cmPm-[n-]-Xn-bm-b, a\p-
jy-cpsS c£n-Xm-hn-t\mSv Rm≥ icWw tXSp-∂p.]
A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-I-fn¬\n∂v samØ-Ønepw Nne {]tXyI hkvXp-°-
fn¬\n∂v hnti-jn®pw kw`-hn-°m-hp∂ sISp-X-ep-I-fn¬\n∂v icWw tXS-W-sa∂v
Ign™ kqd-Øn¬ A√mlp D¬t_m-[n-∏n-®p. a\p-jy¿°v Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ
cq]-Øn¬ kZm t\cn-t´-°p∂ Kuc-h-ta-dnb as‰mcp sISp-X-en¬\n-∂vIqSn \mw
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv icWw tXtS-≠-Xp-s≠-∂pw, B sISp-Xn-sb-∏‰n \msa-t∏m-gpw,
t_m[-hm≥am-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw Cu kqdØv aptJ\ A√mlp ]Tn-∏n-°p-
∂p. a\p-jys‚ [m¿an-I-t_m[w \in-∏n®p Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-Xpw,
sFlnI Pohn-XsØ If-¶-s∏-SpØn aeo-a-k-am-°p-∂-Xpw, ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-XsØ
]msS A]-I-S-Øn-em-°p-∂-Xpw, AtX-k-a-bØv _mly-Zr-jvSn-sIm≠v I≠p-]n-Sn-
°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-amWv B Zpx»-‡n. AXp-sIm≠v Izp¿-Bs‚ G‰hpw HSp-hn-
e-tØ-Xmb Cu kqd-Øn¬ AXn-s\-∏‰n A√mlp {]tXyIw Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
F¥mWo A⁄m-X-i‡n? a\p-jy-a-°-fn¬ Zpjn® hnNm-c-hn-Im-c-ßƒ Cf-°n-
hn-´pw, Zp¿hr-Øn-I-fn¬ t{]cW \¬In-bpw, \√Xv NoØ-bmbpw NoØ \√-Xmbpw
Nn{Xo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øpw, hymtam-l-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-°nbpw Ahsc hgn-]n-g-∏n-
°p-I-bmWv AXns‚ tPmen. AXn-\mbn Ah-c-dn-bmsX Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬
"Ipkp Ipkp' Zp¿a{¥w \S-Øp-I-bpw, _mly-cw-KØv {]Xy-£-s∏-SmsX Ipkr-Xn-
Iqń Hfn™p ]n≥am-dp-Ibpw sNøpI AXns‚ ]Xn-hm-Ip-∂p. AXns\ IÆp-sIm≠v
I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hmt\m ssIsIm≠v FØn-∏n-Sn-°p-hmt\m km[y-a-√. A{Xbpw kq{X-
Ønepw \nKq-V-X-bn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw AXns‚ {]h¿Ø-\w. a\p-jys‚ hnNm-c-hn-Im-
c-ß-sfbpw I¿a-cw-K-ß-sfbpw \nb-{¥n-®p-h-cp-∂Xv lrZ-b-am-W-t√m. B lrZ-b-
Øns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ sh®mWv Cu {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf√mw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂n-cn-
°p-tºmƒ, AXns\ F{X-am{Xw Kuc-ht- ØmsS IW-°n-se-Sp-t°-≠X - p-s≠∂v Duln-
°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
c≠p-Xcw ]nim-Np-°-fn¬\n-∂mWv Cu D]-{Z-h-ßƒ a\p-jy\v t\cn-Sp-∂-Xv.
(1) Pn∂p-h¿K-Øn¬ s]´ ]nim-Np-°ƒ.
(2) a\p-jy-h¿K-Øn¬s]´ ]nim-Np-°ƒ.
a\p-jy-h¿K-Øns‚ Bcw-`w-ap-X¬t° Ah-cpsS ]c-a-i-{Xp-hmb C_veokns‚
5480
k¥-Xn-Ifpw ssk\y-ß-fp-amWv Pn∂nse ]nim-Np-°ƒ. Ah-cm-I-s´, a\p-jysc
hgn-]n-g∏
- n-°p-hm≥ {]Xn-⁄s - b-Sp-Øh
- c
- pw, a\p-jy¿°v Imäm≥ Ign-bmØ Bflo-
b-Po-hn-I-fp-am-Wv. a\p-jy-]n-im-Np-°-fm-I-s´, Ah¿ a\p-jy¿ Xs∂-bmsW¶nepw
Zp¿a{¥w \S-Øp-∂-Xnepw hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw Pn∂p-h¿K-Ønse ]nim-Np-°-sf-
°mƒ H´pw XmW-h-c-√. KqV-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xnepw {]hm-N-I≥am-cm¬
{]t_m-[\w sNø-s∏´ k≥am¿K-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI-‰n-°-f-bp-∂-Xnepw Ccp-Iq-ćpw
At\ym\yw ]¶p-Imcpw kl-Im-cn-I-fp-am-bn-cn-°pw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
(A-Xp-t]mse F√m Hmtcm {]hm-N-I\pw
Xs∂, a\p-jy-cnepw Pn∂n-ep-ap≈ ]nim-Np-°-fm-Ip∂ Nne i{Xp-°sf \mw G¿s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ Nne-tcmSv h©-\-°mbn tamSn-hm-°p-Iƒ kzImcy
kw`m-jWw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. (kq: A≥Bw 112).
\nß-tfmSv X¿°w \S-Øp-hm≥th-≠n, \n›-b-ambpw ]nim-Np-°ƒ
Xß-fpsS an{X-ß-tfmSv kzIm-cy-`m-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ Ahsc A\p-
k-cn-°p-∂-]£w \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ apivcn°p-Iƒ Xs∂. (A≥Bw: 121) Ccp-
hn-`m-K-°mcpw XΩn¬ ]c-kv]-c-[m-c-Wbpw kl-I-c-Whpw Ds≠∂v CXn¬\n∂v
kv]jvS-am-W-t√m. Zp¿a-{¥-ß-fpsS aq∏p-h-ln-°p-∂-h¿ Pn∂p-I-fnse ]nim-Np-°-fm-
sW∂pw Ah-cpsS Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ßƒ kzoI-cn®p Ahsc A\p-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv a\p-
jy-]n-im-Np-°ƒ sNøp-∂-sX∂pw c≠m-asØ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw.
\_n ˜ ]dbpIbp-≠mbn: "\nß-fn¬ Hcmfpw Xs∂, Pn∂n¬\n-∂p≈ Ahs‚
CW (øjôb)-bpw, ae-°p-I-fn¬\n-∂p≈ Ahs‚ CWbpw Ah-\n¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-
Sm-Xn-√.' kzlm-_n-Iƒ tNmZn®p: "Atß-°ptam?' Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "F\n°pw
Xs∂. ]t£, Fs‚ CW-bpsS ta¬ A√mlp F\n°v klmbw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ah≥ Iosgm-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ Ft∂mSv \√-Xn-∂-√msX
˜
D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bn-√.' (apkvenw). as‰mcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n ]d-bp∂p: "\n›-b-ambpw
]nimNv a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v Ahs‚ c‡-k-©m-c-ap-≈n-S-sØms° k©-cn-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv.' (_p; ap)
a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ ]nim-Nns‚ hnj-a-Øn\v Hcp DZm-l-cWw \_n ˜ ]d-
™p-Xc - p-∂Xv t\m°pI: "\nß-sfm-cm-fpsS ASp-°¬ ]nim-Nvhc
- pw. F∂n-´h
- ≥ ]dbpw
(tXm-∂n-∏n-°pw); C∂ hkvXp krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xm-cmWv? C∂ hkvXp krjvSn-
®p-≠m-°n-b-Xm-cmWv! Aßs\ (H-Sp-°w) Ah≥ ]dbpw: \ns‚ d∫ns\ krjvSn-®-
Xm-cmWv? AhnsS FØn-bm¬ At∏mƒ, Ah≥ (a-\p-jy≥) A√m-lp-hn¬ icWw
tXSn-s°m-≈p-Ibpw (A-Xn¬\n-∂v) hn´p-\n¬°pIbpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈s´' (_p; ap)
a\pjy lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ BZy-amZyw At\z-j-W-cq-]-Øn¬ DØcw In´m-hp∂ kwi-
b-ßfpw {ItaW DØcw ap´p∂ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ßfpw ]nimNv IpØns®epØpw
Aßs\ HSp°w hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXp-sIm≠v CXp-t]m-se-bp≈
B]¬k-‘n-bn-te°v \oßp-hm≥ a\- ns\ A\p-h-Zn-°-cp-Xv F∂mWv lZo-Yns‚
Xm¬]-cyw. CtX AShv Nne a\p-jy-∏n-im-Np-°-fnepw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. At\z-j-
Ww, hni-I-e-\w, \ncq-]-Ww, N¿® BZn-bmb a[p-c-t∏-cp-Iƒ \¬In X¿°-Øn-
te°pw Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-te-°pw, HSp°w \ntj-[-Øn-te°pw FØnt® Ah¿ AS-
5481
ßp-Ib
- p-≈q. \ymb-hm-Zß
- fpw bp‡n-hm-Zß
- fpw taml\ hm°p-Ifpw Ah-cpsS Bbp-
[-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw.
"]nimNv ]dbpw' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw, a\p-jy≥ tIƒs° Ah≥ D®-
Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-sa-∂-√. a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ Aßs\ Hmtcm kwi-b-ßƒ
Ah≥ P\n-∏n-°p-Itbm Ahs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb ZpjvS-P-\-ßƒ aptJ\ IpX¿°-
ßfpw Zp¿\ym-b-ßfpw ka¿∏n-°p-Itbm sNøp-sa-∂m-Ip-∂p. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn
\_n ˜ {]kvXm-hn® as‰mcp hN\w ImWpI: "a\p-jy¿ XΩn¬ At\ym\yw tNmZyw
\S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn°pw. Aßs\ ]d-b-s∏Spw: CXm CsXms° A√mlp krjvSn®
krjvSn. F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns\ B¿ krjvSn®p (A-h≥ Fßs\ D≠m-bn)? Cu
Xc-Øn¬s]´ h√Xpw B¿s°-¶nepw A\p-`-h-s∏-´m¬, Ah≥ Cßs\ ]d™p
sIm≈s´: Rm≥ A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-ep-I-fnepw hniz-kn-°p∂p F∂v.'
(_p; ap.) ]nim-Np-°-fpsS Zp¿a-{¥-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \mw hfsc Kuc-h-]q¿∆w Icp-Xn-
bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂pw, AXn¬\n-∂vc£ In´p-hm≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv kZm {]m¿∞n-
t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw CXn¬ \ns∂ms° kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p.
Pn∂p-h¿K-sØbpw ssiØzm-\m-Ip∂ ]nim-Nn-s\bpw kw_-‘n®v CXn-\p-apºv
]e-t∏mgpw \mw kwkm-cn-®-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Pn∂pw a\p-jy\pw c≠pw {]tXyI
h¿K-am-sW∂ bmYm¿∞y-sØ-∏‰n ChnsS IqSp-X-em-sbm∂pw {]kvXm-hn-t°-≠-
Xn-√. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, (Pn-∂p-I-fn¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw) F∂v
ChnsS A√mlp ]d-™-Xn¬ \n∂p-X-s∂, c≠pw c≠v {]tXyI h¿K-am-sW∂v
Izp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cmfpw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cp-sa-∂p-IqSn Nq≠n-°m-
ń-s°m-≈-s´.
Pn∂p-Iƒ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv a\p-jy-h¿K-Ønse Nne A]-cn-jvIrX hn`m-K-
ßƒ°mWv F∂m-Wt√m B h¿KsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS hmZw. Aß-s\-bm-
sW-¶n¬ ChnsS ánæp÷G (Pn-∂-Øv) sIm≠p-t±iyw A]-cn-jvIr-X-hn-`m-K-°m-cmb a\p-
jy-cpw, ¢SÉnædG (A-∂m-kv) sIm≠p-t±iyw ]cn-jvIr-X-cmb a\p-jycpw Bbn-cn-°-W-a-
t√m. F∂m¬, ¢SÉnædG F∂ hm°p-sIm≠v Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]te-SØpw A]-cn-jvIr-X-
sct∂m ]cn-jvIr-X-sct∂m Xcw Xncn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-hn[w a\p-jy-h¿KsØ
apgp-h\pw Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn-®XmbmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. Nne DZm-l-c-
W-ßƒ ImWpI: (]-d-bpI: tl,
a\p-jy-tc, Rm≥ \nßƒ F√m-h-cn-te-°p-ap≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-em-Ip-∂p. (A-
Avdm^v 158.) (tl, a\p-jy-tc, \nß-fpsS d∫ns\
kq£n-°p-hn≥, (\n-km-Dv˛ 1.) dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n˜ ]cn-jvIr-X- P\hn`m-K-Øn-tet°m
at‰-sX-¶nepw Hcp {]tXyI hn`m-K-Øn-tet°m am{X-ap≈ dkq-emtWm?! a\pjy
hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw Nne hn`m-K-°m¿ am{Xw A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n®p Pohn-
®m¬ aXn F∂pt≠m? CXp-t]mse \nc-h[n ÿe-ß-fn¬ ¢SÉnædG F∂ hm°n¬ a\p-
jy-h¿Kw apgp-h\pw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬ AtXmSv tN¿Øv Pn∂n-s\bpw Iqń-∏-d-bp-
tºm-tg°pw Fß-s\-bmWv AXns‚ A¿∞-Øn¬ B am‰w kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv?!
Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-I.
A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-I-fn¬\n-∂p-≠m-tb-°p∂ F√m sISp-X-ep-I-fn¬\n-∂pw,
5482
cm{Xn Ccp-´vaq-Sn-bm-ep-≠m-Ip∂ sISp-X-ep-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, sI´p-I-fn¬ DuXp-∂-h-cpsS
sISp-X-ep-I-fn¬\n-∂pw, Akq-b-°m¿ Akq-b-s∏-´m-ep-≠m-Ip∂ sISp-X-ep-I-
fn¬\n∂pw {]`m-X-Øns‚ \mY-\mb A√mlp \sΩ ImØp-c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥.
Pn∂p-I-fnepw a\p-jy-cn-ep-ap≈ F√m Ipkr-Xn-°m-cp-sSbpw Zp¿a-{¥-ß-fpsS sISp-
X-en¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-cpsS c£n-Xmhpw cmPmhpw Bcm-[y-\p-amb A√mlp \sΩ
ImØp-c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥. hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw \_n apl-ΩZv
˜
apkvXz^m Xncp-ta\n -bpsS Ncy-Ifpw A\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-hm-\pw, A√m-lp-hns‚
s]mcp-Øhpw {]oXnbpw e`n-°p∂ ku`m-Ky-hm≥am-cmb k÷-\-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-
hm\pw Ah≥ \ap-t°-h¿°pw XuôIzv \¬I-s´. Bao≥, apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v
Ah≥ bi pw hnP-bhpw \¬In A\p-{K-ln-°-s´. Bao≥.
hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ A¿∞hpw Npcp-°-km-c-ßfpw hnh-cn-°p∂ Cu ]cn-]m-h\
{KŸw kqd-Øp¬ Ilv^v ap-X¬ Bcw-`n®v kqd-Øp-∂mkvhsc-bp≈ Cu ]Ip-Xn-
bpsS IcSv ]I¿∏v Chn-sS-sh®v ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I-bpw, AXns‚ t]cn¬ Imcp-Wy-
hm≥am-cn¬sh®v G‰hpw Imcp-Wy-hm-\mb d∫ns\ lrZ-bw-\n-d™ kvXpXn kvXpXn-
°p-Ib - pw, CXns‚ HSp-hn-es
- Ø-hcn Fgp-Xn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvX AtX \nan-jØ
- n¬X-
s∂˛ lnPvd h¿jw 1382 ¬ d_o-D¬-B-Jn¿ amkw 28 ∂v ({In-kvXz_vZw 1962 k]vXw-
_¿ 28 ∂p) shf-fn-bmgvN Znh-kw˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]≈n-bn¬\n∂v PpapAx _m¶p-
hnfn tIƒ°p-hm≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-bt- ∏m-gsØ ]d-™m-sem-Xp-ßmØ kt¥mjw Rß-
fn-hnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≈s´! A√m-lp-th, \n\°v kvXpXn! Af-h‰ kvXpXn!
A√m-lp-th, \n\°v \µn! Af-h‰ \µn! A√m-lp-th, Rß-fpsS ]°¬ h∂p-t]m-
bn-´p≈ F√m sX‰p-Ip-‰-ßfpw ]mI-∏n-g-hp-Ifpw \ns‚ Imcp-Wyw-sIm≠pw Zb-hp-
sIm≠pw Rßƒ°v \o am∏m-°n-Ø-tc-Wta! A√m-lp-th, Rßƒ°v kXyw ImWn-
®p-X∂pw Rßsf k≥am¿K-Øn¬ \bn®pw \o Rßsf A\p-{K-ln-t°-Wta! A√m-
lp-th, \ns‚ Xncp-h-N-\-amb hnip≤ Izp¿-Bs‚ _m°n-bp≈ ]Ip-Xnbpw C{]-
Imcw FgpXn ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-hm-\p≈ Rß-fpsS Dt±iyw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-Ø-cp-I-
bpw, Cu {KŸw Rß-fp-sS-bpw, CXn-∂mbn Rßsf t{]m¬km-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw
klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX F√m ktlm-Z-c≥am-cp-sSbpw k¬°¿a-ambn \o AwKo-
I-cn-°p-I-bpw, CXv-ap-tJ\ s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°v Izp¿-Bs‚ ktµ-i-ßƒ a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ XuôIzv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNtø-Wta! ÚeBG
.√~jõe ‘Éµjh ¬ª©f ≈aGƒj G~ªM ,äÉHô≤dG ºàJ ¬∏° ØHh äÉ◊É°üdG ºàJ ¬àª©æH …òdG ¬∏d ~ª◊G
º«¶©dG ¿CGô≤dG π©LG º¡∏dG .π° ØdGh áæŸG ∂dh ôµ°ûdG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG
¿G ÉfòNGDƒJ’ ÉæHQ .ÉæªZh Éæªg ÜÉgPh ÉæfõM AÓLh ÉfQh~°U Qƒfh ÉæHƒ∏b ™«HQ
≈∏Y ¬à∏ªM ÉªcGô°UG Éæ«∏Y πª– ’h ÉæHQ ÉfCÉ£NCG hG Éæ«°ùf
Éf’ƒe âfCG ÉæªMQGh ÉædôØZGh ÉæY ∞YGh ¬H Éæd ábÉW ’ Ée Éæ∏ª– ’h ÉæHQ Éæ∏Ñb øe øjòdG
¿CGô≤dG ¬«∏Y âdõfG øe ≈∏Y π°U º¡∏dG .øjôaÉµdG Ωƒ≤dG ≈∏Y Éfô°üfCÉa
5483
øeh ¬Ñë°Uh ¬dBGh ~ªfi Éf~°Tôeh ÉæjOÉgh AÉ«ÑfC’Gh ∫ƒ°SôdG ”ÉN ¬à∏©Lh
~ª◊Gh Ú∏°SôŸG ≈∏Y ΩÓ°Sh øj~dG Ωƒj ¤G ¿É°ùMÉH º¡©ÑJG
(ç~ëa ∂HQ áª©æH ÉeGh) ÚŸÉ©dG ÜQ ¬q∏d
áæ°S ôØ°U øe ¢ùeÉÿG AÉã∏ãdG ‘ Ωƒj ËôµdG ¿BGô≤dG øe ÊÉãdG ∞°üædG Ò°ùØJ øe IOƒ°ùŸG áî°ùædG ¢ ««ÑJ øe ÆGôØdG ΩÉ“ ¿Éc
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Amani Vol 8

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Copyright:

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Amani Vol 8

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ËôµdG ¿BGô≤dG Ò°ùØJ

VISHUDHA QUR’AN VIVARANAM

Translation and Commentary:

XIVth Edition : 2015

a¿lqw apl-ΩZv Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS "hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ hnh-cWw'

tImgn-t°mSv ˛ 4 tIcf \Zvh-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥

ËôµdG ¿BGô≤dG Ò°ùØJ

65. kq: XzemIzv (¥Ó£dG IQƒ°S)

78. kq: \_-Dv (ÉC ÑædG IQƒ°S) .......................................................................... 5245

79. kq: \mkn-BØv (äÉYRÉædG IQƒ°S) ......................................................... 5257

80. kq: A_k (¢ùÑY IQƒ°S) ....................................................................... 5271

81. kq: XIvho¿ (ôjƒµàdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................... 5283

82. kq: C≥^n-Xzm¿ (QÉ£Øf’G IQƒ°S) ........................................................... 5293

83. kq: apXz-^v^n^o≥ (ÚØØ£ª∏dG IQƒ°S) ................................................... 5299

84. kq: C≥in-IzmIzv (¥É≤°ûf’G IQƒ°S) ........................................................ 5309

85. kq: _pdqPv (êhÈdG IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5317

86. kq: XzmcnIzv (¥QÉ£dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5325

87. kq: AAvem (≈∏Y’G IQƒ°S) .................................................................... 5329

88. kq: Kminbx (á«°TÉ¨dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5335

89. kq: ^Pv¿ (ôéØdG IQƒ°S) ........................................................................ 5343

90. kq: _eZv (~∏ÑdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................................. 5355

91. kq: iwkv (¢ùª°ûdG IQƒ°S) ............................................................................... 5363

92. kq: sse¬ (π«∏dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................................ 5367

93. kq: Zzplm (≈ë° dG IQƒ°S) ..................................................................... 5373

95. kq: Xo≥ (ÚàdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................................... 5385

96. kq: AeIzv (≥∏©dG IQƒ°S) ....................................................................... 5388

97. kq: IzZv¿ (Q~≤dG IQƒ°S) ......................................................................... 5397

99. kq: kn¬km¬ (∫GõdõdG IQƒ°S) .................................................................... 5411

100. kq: BZn-bmØv (äÉjOÉ©dG IQƒ°S) .......................................................... 5414

101. kq: IzmcnAx (áYQÉ≤dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................ 5419

102. kq: XIm-Yp¿ (ôKÉµàdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................ 5422

103. kq: A¬-Akzv¿ (ô°ü©dG IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5426

104. kq: lpakx (Iõª¡dG IQƒ°S) ................................................................... 5431

105. kq: ^o¬ (π«ØdG IQƒ°S) ............................................................................... 5434

106. kq: Izpssdiv (¢ûjôb IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5443

107. kq: amDu≥ (¿ƒYÉŸG IQƒ°S) ......................................................................... 5445

108. kq: IuY¿ (ôKƒµdG IQƒ°S) ........................................................................... 5449

109. kq: Im^n-dq≥ (¿hôaÉµdG IQƒ°S) ................................................................. 5452

110. kq: \kzv¿ (ô°üædG IQƒ°S) ...................................................................... 5456

111. kq: el_v (Ö¡dG IQƒ°S) ..................................................................... 5461

112. kq: CJvemkzv (¢UÓN’G IQƒ°S) .................................................................. 5465

113. kq: ^eIzv (≥∏ØdG IQƒ°S) .............................................................................. 5469

114. kq: \mkv (¢SÉædG IQƒ°S) .............................................................................. 5478

57. kqdXp¬ lZoZv

!1! Xkv_olv (kvtXm-{X-Io¿Ø-\w) sNøp-∂p, sNbvXn-cn-

hm°p-sImt≠m {]hr-Øn-sIm-t≠m, a\x-]q¿∆tam krjvSn-k-l-P-

(G-sXmcp hkvXphpw Xs∂ Ahs\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v Xkv_olv

!3! Ah≥ BZy-\m-bp-

(kmcw: "A√m-lpth, BIm-i-ß-fpsS dt∫, `qan-bpsS dt∫, al-

"\ns‚ aosX Bcp-an√' F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw: \ns∂ AXn-

!4! Ah-\s{X bmsXm-cp-h≥ BIm-i-ßsf

a\p-jy≥ F{X [\n-I-\m-bn-cp-∂mepw AXn¬ \n∂v bYm¿∞-Øn¬

!8! \nßƒ°v F¥mWv (F-¥p-]-‰n) \nßƒ hniz-

\nßƒ hniz- k n- ° p- h m≥ th≠p∂ Zrjv S m- ¥ - ß ƒ ]eXpw

(1) A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-Xz-sØ-bpw, al¬ KpW-ßs

(2) Bflo-b-tem-I-Øp-sh®v A√mlp a\p-jy-tcmSv: "Rm≥ \nß-

Hcmƒ°pw Xs‚ ssIh-i-ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ imiz-X-a-√, Aev]-Imew

(*) kz¿K-Øn-te°v {]th-in-°p-hm-\p-≈X - pw, \c-IØ

kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS {]Im-i-sØ-∏‰n Gsd-°psd a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

!16! kabw (t\-cw) Bbn-´nt√ hniz-kn-®-h¿°v

Bbn-cØ- n-\m-\q-dp-sIm-√w-apºv ˛Ckvemans‚ BZy-kw-h’

! 17! \nßƒ Adn- ™ p-

17! \nßƒ Adn-™p-sIm-≈pI A√mlp (B-Ip-∂p)

() kq: A¿ dlvam≥ (*) kq: lnPv¿, 21