MATH in the MODERN WORLD

ADDITION of EXPRESSION and POLYNOMIALS

RULE 1. To add two or more polynomials, add similar or like terms together.
Example: Add the following sets of polynomials

1. 3X + 4Y - 4, -5X + 3Y + 4, -6X - 5Y - 8

Solution:
3X + 4Y - 4
-5X + 3Y +4
-6X - 5Y - 8
_______________
- 8X + 2Y - 8

RULE 2: To Subtract polynomials change the sign of the subtrahend and proceed as in addition

2X - Y - 4 ~ 2X -Y - 4
- 4X - Y - 3 ~ -4X + Y +3 ( + )
________ ____________
-2X -1

SYMBOLS OF GROUPING
Addition of algebraic expression frequently involves the Symbols of Grouping such as
parenthesis ( ), brackets [ ], and braces { }

RULE 3. To remove a grouping symbol preceded by a

i) Minus sign , change the sign of each of the terms;
Example: remove the grouping symbol
- ( 4X + 3Y - 7 )
Solution:
= -4X -Y + 7 : now this time in the final answer there is no grouping symbol or parenthesis and
has changed the sign of each of the term.

ii) Plus sign , no furthe change

Example : remove the grouping symbol

[ -8X + 4Y + 6 ]
Solution
 = -8 X + 4Y + 6 notice upon removing the brackets there is no change in the sign of each term.

iii) Factor , use the distributive law

Example: Remove the grouping symbol

3{ 2X - 5Y + 3 }
Solution:
= 6X -15 + 9 , multiply 3 to each of the term and with regards to its sign.

iv) When one symbol of grouping is within another symbol of grouping, the innermost symbol
must be removed first.

Example: Simplify the given

-{ -2x -Y -( 3X -[ 4X + Y -3 ] -Y ) -7 }
Solution :

= -{-2X -Y -( 3X -4X -Y +3 -Y ) -7}

= -{-2X -Y -(-X -2Y + 3 ) -7 }
= -{-2X -Y + X + 2Y -3 -7 }
= -{-X +Y -10 }
= X - Y + 10

Please study the topics.